上海版牛津英语S1B U4学习辅导材料（2012.04）
词语知识
in fright 害怕地
其他类似词组：in fear 害怕地in surprise 惊讶地in excitement 兴奋地in disappointment 失望地in sorrow 伤心地in anger 生气地in amusement 有趣地
【同根词】fightened(adj.)
be frightened of sb. / sth.害怕某人/ 某事例如：
The little boy was frightened of his father, as he always pulled a long face in front of him.
小男孩很怕他的爸爸，因为他总是板着脸。
be frightened to do sth. 害怕做
I am frightened to look down from the top floor of the building. 我不敢从楼顶往下看。
be frightened that…
She was frightened that she would get lost if she travels alone. 如果一个人去旅游她担心会迷路。sigh (n./ v.) 叹息sigh sth. out / forth 叹息着说出sigh about/ over sth. 为某事而叹息sigh with pleasure/ relief 高兴地/ 宽慰地舒口气have / breathe a sigh of relief 松了一口气
give a deep sigh 深深地叹了口气
suppose (v.)假定，认为例如：They suppose that all rich men are happy. 他们认为所有富人都很愉快。
(1)用于插入语：What do you suppose he will say? 你认为他会说什么？
(2)用于被动：be supposed to do 应该做…He is supposed to arrive at 6 o’clock. 他应该在六点钟到达。
(3)用作连词，表示假如……Suppose you are married with two children. 假如你已结婚，并有两个孩子。也可以用supposing Supposing (that) you are wrong, what will you do then?假如你错了,你会做什么？ignore (v.) 故意不打招呼，不予承认或不予理睬例如：
I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely. 我向她打招呼，可她根本不理我。
【同根词】ignorant (adj.) be ignorant of/ about sth. 对某事不了解
ignorance (n.) be in ignorance (of sth.) （对某事）不知道
【比较】neglect多指无意之间的忽视,疏忽,常用于职责等方面。
neglect one’s studies 忽视自己的学业neglect one’s duties忽视自己的职责
survive (v.)幸存，经历（某事物）幸存，比（某人）活得长例如：
The plants may not survive the frost. 这些植物可能不经冻。
She survived her own daughter by three years. 她比她自己的女儿多活了三年。
【同根词】survival (n.) 幸存survivor (n.) 幸存者
emerge (v.) 出现例如：The swimmer emerged from the lake. 游泳者从湖中出来。
【词义辨析】appear, seem, emerge
appear重点在于进入视线，被看见例如：
One by one the stars appeared in the sky. 天空中的星星一颗接一颗地亮起来了。
seem重点在于判断例如：
He seems to know nothing about the serious present situation. 他似乎不了解当前严峻的形势。emerge表示的“出现”，暗含了此前曾有一个隐匿不为人知的阶段，也可用于It emerges that句型。
The truth emerged at last. 最终真相大白。
It emerged that she had eloped with Jackson. 后来发现她是跟杰克逊私奔了。
pest control (n.) 消灭有害动物（如用毒药，诱捕装置等）
有关control的词组有：
birth control 节制生育
gain/ take control of 取得控制have/ hold control of /over 控制着lose control of 失去控制
seize control of 夺取控制beyond control 无法控制
in control (of) 控制着，处于统治地位out of control 失去控制
under control 被控制着
elastic (adj.) 有弹性的，适应性强的，灵活的例如：Sponges are elastic. 海绵有弹性。
My plans are fairly elastic. 我的计划相当灵活。
【词义辨析】flexible, elastic
flexible指有弹性的，主要指能弯曲的或容易折弯的。例如：
This piece of metal is very flexible. 这片金属很轻柔易弯。
elastic 指变形后能复原的例如：an elastic swimsuit 有弹性的游泳衣
artificial (adj.)人造的，虚假的例如：artificial flowers, light, limbs, pearls 假花，人造光，义肢，假珍珠
She welcomed me with an artificial smile. 她以虚假的微笑欢迎我。
【比较】synthetic强调“合成的”例如：
synthetic dyes 合成染料synthetic substances such as plastics 合成材料如塑料
bullet-proof (adj.)防弹的
leak-proof batteries 防漏电池 a sound-proof room 隔音房间
water-proof clothing 防水服acid-proof 防酸的
shock-proof 抗震的fire-proof 防火的
bomb-proof防爆的
disorder (n.) （身体或精神的）不适，疾病，混乱，无秩序例如：
He is suffering from severe mental disorder. 他患有严重的精神病。
a disorder of the bowels 闹肚子 a stomach disorder 胃部不适
【词组】in disorder 混乱例如：His hair and clothes were in disorder. 他的头发和衣服都乱糟糟的。【同根词】disorderly (adj.)
a disorderly room 杂乱的房间disorderly crowds 妨碍治安的人群
get one’s point抓住（某人说话的）要点
有关point的词组有：
keep to one’s point 紧扣要点lack point 不中肯
miss the point 抓不住要点see the point of 理解
to the point 中肯，扼要
have sth. in common与……有共同之处例如：
Though they are from different families, they have a lot in common.
尽管他们来自不同的家庭，但有很多共同之处。
These two guys have little/ nothing in common in dressing style.
这两个人在穿衣风格上完全没有共同之处。
occur (v.) （1）发生；某想法出现在脑中，想到;（2）出现，存在例如：
I am so awfully sorry that the accident occurred. 对于事故的发生我很抱歉。
That he should have some deep personal objection had never occurred to me.
我从未想过他对我竟然有如此深的个人成见。
【注意】occur经常用于以it作形式主语的句子中，真正主语可以是从句，也可以是不定式。例如：It never occurred to me that you are in trouble. 我从来没想过你会有麻烦。
continuous (adj.) 不断的，持续的，连续的例如：
For four days the town suffered continuous attacks. 那座城市连续四天遭到了袭击。
continually (adv.) （令人厌烦的）多次重复的，频繁的例如：
They argue continually about money. 为了钱他们不断吵架。
continual (adj.)连续不断的例如：
We lived in continual fear of being discovered. 我们长期生活在害怕被发现的恐惧中。
absence (n.)
(1)缺乏，不存在the absence of forest 森林的缺乏
(2)缺席，不在例如：The decision was made in my absence. 决定是我不在的时候做出的。
absence from…缺勤
absent (adj.)
(1)缺席，缺勤be absent from work/ school/ a meeting
(2)心不在焉的，走神的
an absent expression / look/ stare 一种茫然的表情/外表/眼神absent minded 健忘的
absent (v.)absent oneself from sth. 缺席，不参加例如：
He had absented himself from the office for the day. 这一天他没有去办公室上班。
upside down
(adv.) 颠倒，倒转例如：The boat floated upside down on the lake. 小船底朝天漂浮在湖面上。(adj.) 颠倒的，倒转的（通常作表语）例如：
The painting looks like it’s upside down to me. 在我看来这幅画好像是上下颠倒了。
turn sth. upside down
(1)把……翻得乱七八糟；使凌乱不堪例如：
The police turned the whole house upside down looking for clues.
警察为了查找线索把整个屋子翻得乱七八糟。
(2)给（某人的生活）造成大的变化或混乱例如：
His sudden death turned her world upside down. 他的突然死亡令她的世界一片混乱。
stir (v.)
(1)搅动，搅拌例如：Stir the paint before you use it. 使用前先把油漆搅一搅。
(2)使移动例如：She heard the baby stir in the next room. 她听见婴儿在隔壁动弹。
(3)激发，打动例如：She was stirred by his sad story. 他那悲惨的故事打动了她。
(4)（感情或情绪）逐渐产生，萌动，被唤起例如：
A feeling of guilt began to stir in her. 她心里渐渐生出了内疚感。
(5)搬弄是非例如：You’re just stirring it! 你这不是搬弄是非吗！
in contrast with / to; by contrast 形成对照例如：
In contrast with his brothers, Tom is rather short. 与几位兄弟相比,汤姆的个子相当矮。
In contrast to their new sports car, ours seems very old-fashioned.
和他们新的跑车相比，我们的车看上去太过时了。
Running water is very common in big cities. By contrast, it is as precious as pearls in the desert.
自来水在大城市很常见。相比而言，在沙漠里自来水就像珍珠一样宝贵。
disturb (v.)
(1)打扰，干扰，妨碍例如：
I’m sorry to disturb you, but can I talk to you for a moment? 很抱歉打扰您了，我能跟您讲几句话吗？
(2)搅乱，弄乱例如：
Don’t disturb the papers on my desk. 别把我写字台上的文件弄乱了。
(3)使焦虑，不安，烦恼例如：
The letter shocked and disturbed me. 这封信使我感到震惊和不安。
shelter n. 避难所；庇护物，遮蔽物；庇护所，庇护，掩护；遮挡例如：
They are eager to find a shelter for the night. 他们急于想找过夜的地方。
v.给…提供庇护处；躲避例如：
shelter a escaped prison 窝藏逃犯shelter from the rain 避雨
课文翻译Reading部分
朋友还是敌人
读一读这篇选自话剧《温斯顿和蜘蛛》的片段，了解一种小动物。场景开始于温斯顿和他妻子贝蒂站在厨房里。
贝蒂：（吓了一跳，叫起来）杀死它！
温斯顿：（平静地）不行。
贝蒂：为什么？温斯顿，你不怕它吗？只是一只昆虫。
温斯顿：贝蒂。它不是昆虫，它是蜘蛛。实际上，蜘蛛是一种非常有用的动物。昨晚我靠你了一个电视节目，这节目完全改变了我对蜘蛛的看法。你想听听嘛？
贝蒂：真的不想。（叹了口气）不过，不过怎么样，你还是会告诉我的。
温斯顿：蜘蛛是昆虫的敌人，是人类的朋友。中国农民许多年以前就意识到了这一点。你知道吗，在中国，有些地方的农民秋天要为蜘蛛筑巢，并把蜘蛛巢放在田地的各个角落？
贝蒂：不，我不知道。
温斯顿：（不理睬她的表述）蜘蛛巢就像小帐篷。等到熬过了冬天来到了春天，蜘蛛们健康而又饥饿地出来了。就在这时，数百万的昆虫也开始出来袭击农民的庄稼了。蜘蛛们填饱了它
们空空的肚子，农民们也很开心，因为他们的田地得到了保护。
贝蒂：因此，除了害虫，大家都高兴。
温斯顿：对啊。现在全世界都在效仿这种自然的除害方法。
贝蒂：(不耐烦地) 有点意思，但我现在真要走了。
温斯顿：(变得很兴奋) 等一等，还有呢，你知道那种东西比钢铁还硬，比羽毛还轻，像橡皮筋一样有弹性吗？
贝蒂：什么？
温斯顿：那是蜘蛛用来织网的丝。科学家正在研制一种和蜘蛛丝有相似特性的材料，计划把这种材料用在宇宙飞船上，想人造心脏等人造器官上，还打算要制造出真正的防弹背心。
贝蒂：我还是觉得蜘蛛是一种很恶心的动物，应该杀死它们。被蜘蛛咬了是很危险的，对吗？温斯顿：蜘蛛咬昆虫的确是很危险的，但咬了人就很少会发生危险。甚至蜘蛛的毒汁也是有用的。
医生认为蜘蛛毒可能可以用来治疗人的神经错乱。
贝蒂：那对你是个好消息。（笑了笑）但认真地说，温斯顿，我明白你的意思了。我们应该尽量多地了解自然界里生存的生物，不要去毁灭它们。
语法知识
一. 现在分词的构成
1. 现在分词的构成
现在分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。现在分词同样有时态和语态的变化，通常有下表几种形式（以do为例）：
一般式doing 被动式being done 完成式having done 完成被动式having been done
现在分词的否定形式是由not加现在分词构成。例如：
Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait.
不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等着。
His not coming made all of us angry. 他没来使我们大家都很生气。
2. 现在分词的一般式和完成式：
现在分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作；完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。例如：
Being a student, he was interested in books. 作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。
Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations.
因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。
3. 现在分词的被动式：
现在分词的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是现在分词动作的承受者。根据现在分词动作发生的时间，现在分词的被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done)。例如：The question being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。
He never talked about his having been interviewed by the reporter.
他从来没谈起过他被记者采访的事情。
Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 被老师批评以后，他把烟戒了。
【注意】：在need, want, require, be worth等动词(短语)后，作宾语的现在分词常用主动形式来表示被动含义。例如：
Your shoes need cleaning. = Your shoes need to be cleaned. 你的鞋需要清洗一下了。
This book is well worth reading. = This book is well worth to be reading. 这本书很值得一看。二．现在分词的语法作用
现在分词一方面具有动词的性质，另一方面也相当于一个形容词、副词，在句中可以作表语、定语、
状语和补语等。
1．现在分词作表语。例如：
His hobby is collecting stamps. 他的爱好是收集邮票。
The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令人困惑。
2．现在分词作定语：
①单个的现在分词作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面。例如：
reading room阅览室swimming pool 游泳池dining car餐车sleeping car 卧车
singing competition歌咏比赛waiting room 候车室 a waiting car一辆等待着的车
a sleeping child一个酣睡的孩子flying fish飞鱼the exciting news令人振奋的消息
a boring speech令人乏味的演出
②现在分词短语作定语应放在被修饰词的后面，也相当于一个定语从句。例如：
Who is the comrade standing by the door? 站在门边的同志是谁？
They lived in a house facing south. 他们住在一所朝南的房子里。
③现在分词还可以作非限制性定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，常用逗号和句子其它部分分开。例如:
The words, usually dealing with current work, were mostly written by himself.
歌词一般讲当前的工作，大部分是他自己写的。
When she appeared, John, wearing a dirty and worn-out overcoat, ran to her with joy.
当她出现的时候，约翰穿着一件又脏又破的大衣高兴地跑了过去。
3．现在分词做状语：现在分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。【注意】：现在分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语。
①现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时可由连词when, while引出。例如：
While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 他一边看书，一边不时地点头。
Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看到那些画，他想起了她的童年。
②现在分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。例如：
Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him.
因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书送给他。
Many of us, being so excited, couldn’t go to sleep that night.
因为非常激动，那晚我们许多人都没睡着。
③现在分词短语作结果状语。例如：
His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。
She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.
她非常生气，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。
④现在分词作伴随状语,可以放在句子的前面后面或中间,表示主语的另一个较次要的动作。例如：
They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky.
他们在那儿站了半小时，观察着天上的星星。
Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly.
年轻人跟在老人的后面开始慢慢地走起来。
⑤现在分词间或也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个状语从句。例如：
A person standing at the foot of a high mountain will find himself very small.
一个人如站在大山的脚下会发现自己很渺小。
Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.
尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。
⑥“with/without+名词普通格或代词宾格+现在分词”结构在句中作状语，表示伴随情况或时间、原因等。例如：
His hair became grey with the years passing. 随着时间的推移，他的头发变花白了。
Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window. 没人注意，他从窗户溜了出去。4．现在分词作补语：
①现在词可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, look at, listen to, observe, have, get, leave, keep, set, catch, find等动词后面和一个名词或代词构成一个复合宾语，作宾语补语。例如：
I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car.
我下车的时候注意到一个男人匆匆忙忙地从银行里跑出来。
Last night the shopkeeper caught a child stealing some food in the shop.
昨晚，店主在商店里抓到一个小孩在偷东西。
②上面这类句子也可变成被动语态，这时，现在分词可看成是主语补语。例如：
We were kept waiting for quite a long time. 让我们等了好长时间。
Jily was never heard singing that song again. 人们再也没有听到吉丽唱这首歌了。
三．现在分词使用中的注意点
1.现在分词作定语的两种不同含义：
①现在分词作定语可用来说明被修饰的名词的用途和性能。例如：
reading material 阅读材料walking stick 手杖fishing pole 鱼杆
flying suit 飞行服writing table 写字台listening practice 听力训练
②现在分词作定语还可以表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。例如：
developing countries = countries that are developing 发展中国家
a growing city = a city that is growing 发展着的城市
an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary 看起来很普通的房子
a touching story = a story that is touching 一个动人的故事
working people= people who are working 劳动人民
2. 不定式和现在分词作宾语补语的区别：
在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后，既可用现在分词构成复合宾语，也可用不定式构成复合宾语，两者之间有一定的区别。用现在分词时，表示动作正在进行；用不定式时，表示动作发生了，即动作的全过程结束了。例如：
Do you hear someone knocking at the door? (Someone is knocking at the door.)
有人在敲门你听见了吗？
Do you hear someone knock at the door? (Someone knocked at the door just now.) 你听见有人敲门了吗？
3.有一些固定的现在分词短语，如generally speaking（一般来说）, judging from…（根据……来判断）, considering…（考虑到……）, talking of…（谈到……，提到……）, supposing…（假如……）等，它们的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致。这种短语可以被称之为句子的状语,也可当作一个插入语。例如：Judging from his accent, he must come from Canada. 从他的口音看他一定来自加拿大。
Considering how poor he was, we decided to let him attend the concert for free.
考虑到他是多么的穷，我们决定让他免费听音乐会。
四．定语从句与分词短语的替换
1. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语，从句中谓语动词又有be，可以把关系代词和be省掉。例如：
Do you know the woman who is holding an umbrella? 你认识那位拿着伞的女人吗？
= Do you know the woman holding an umbrella?
The car that was damaged by an elephant is being repaired. 被大象毁坏的汽车正在修理。
= The car damaged by an elephant is being repaired.
2. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语，从句中谓语动词虽然没有be但表示的是“经常性、习惯性”的动作，这时也可以把关系代词去掉，把从句中的动词变成现在分词。例如：
I can’t find the road that leads to the temple. 我找不到通往庙宇的路。
= I can’t find the road leading to the temple.
There are many people who live in that village. 有许多住在那个村子的人。
= There are many people living in that village.
五. 状语从句与分词短语的替换
1. 如果主从复合句中主句的主语与从句的主语一致,从句可以用分词形式替换。表示主动，用现在分词；表示被动，用过去分词。例如：
When he saw the policeman, he ran away. 见到警察时，他跑走了。（时间状语从句）
= Seeing the policeman, he ran away.
2. 如果强调从句的动作先于主句之前，用分词的完成式。例如：
After I had finished my work, I went home. 完成工作后，我回家了。(时间状语从句)
= Having finished my work, I went home.
3. 分词的否定式为：在分词前直接加not。例如：
Because I didn’t know what to do next, I turned to my teacher for help.
因为我不知道接下来做什么，我转向我的老师求助。（原因状语从句）
= Not knowing what to do next, I turned to my teacher for help.
4. 当分词短语的语义不清,往往把when, while, if, though等连词保留（表原因的连词除外）。例如：
Though he knows my telephone number, he never telephones me.
虽然他知道我的电话号码，他从不给我打电话。（让步状语从句）
= Though knowing my telephone number, he never telephones me.
练习：
选择填空：
1. The officers narrowly escaped ___________ in the hot battle.
A. have killed
B. to kill
C. to be killed
D. being killed
2.___________ the letter, he went out to post it.
A. Writing
B. Being writing
C. Having written
D. Written
3. Don’t you re member ___________?
A. seeing the man before
B. to see the man before
C. saw the man before
D. to have seen the man before
4. People couldn’t help ___________ the foolish emperor in the procession.
A. laugh at
B. to laugh at
C. laughing at
D. laughing on
5. We’re looking forward ___________ the photo exhibition.
A. to visiting
B. to visit
C. to having visited
D. visiting
6. The girl ___________ under that tree is my sister.
A. sitting
B. sits
C. is sitting
D. sat
7. This sentence needs ___________.
A. a improvement
B. improve
C. improving
D. improved
8. ___________ anything about the accident, he went to work as usual..
A. Not known
B. Known not
C. Knowing not
D. Not knowing
9. The next morning she found the man ___________ in bed, dead.
A. lying
B. lie
C. lay
D. laying
10. There was terrible noise ___________ the sudden burst of light.
A. followed
B. following
C. to be followed
D. being followed
11. The secretary worked late into the night, ___________ a long speech for the president.
A. to prepare
B. preparing
C. prepared
D. was preparing
12. “Can’t you read?” Mary said ___________ to t he notice.
A. angrily pointing
B. and point angrily
C. angrily pointed
D. and angrily pointing
13. How about two of us ___________ a walk down the garden?
A. to take
B. take
C. taking
D. to be taking
14. ---I must apologize for ___________ahead of time. ---That’s all right.
A. letting you not know
B. not letting you know
C. letting you know not
D. letting not you know
15. ---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. ---Well, now I regret ______ that.
A. to do
B. to be doing
C. to have done
D. having done
16. Would you ___________ me your identification card, sir?
A. mind to show
B. mind showing
C. trouble to show
D. trouble showing
17. He suggested ___________ on Saturday.
A. to have a meeting
B. having a meeting
C. a meeting to have
D. that having a meeting
18. It is no good ___________ to come now. He is busy.
A. if you ask him
B. to ask him
C. asking him
D. that you ask him
19. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used ___________ late for his lecture.
A. to have students
B. for students to be
C. for students’ being
D. to students’ being
20. He dressed himself quickly and ___________ his schoolbag, went to school.
A. carried
B. to carry
C. carrying
D. carries
21. ___________ for several weeks, the city needed food.
A. As having flooded
B. being flooded
C. Having been flooded
D. To flood
22. ___________ ill worried my parents greatly.
A. I fell
B. Me falling
C. My falling
D. I falling
23. She is writing a letter to a friend of hers, ___________ him to attend the meeting.
A. having invited
B. inviting
C. to invite
D. invited
24. Our town has dozens of factories, ___________ several saw mills.
A. included
B. are including
C. are included
D. including
25. ___________ the classroom, the students went to the playground to watch the football match.
A. To clean
B. Having cleaned
C. Cleaned
D. Cleaning
把下列含定语从句或状语从句的主从复合句改写为用分词短语作定语或状语的简单句：
1. Because he was injured badly, he couldn’t attend the meeting.
_______________________________________________________________________
2. If you turn to the left, you will find the zoo.
________________________________________________________________________
3. If water is heated, water can be turned into vapour.
________________________________________________________________________
4. Though he was wounded seriously, he went on fighting.
________________________________________________________________________
5. When she was a girl, she could swim across the Huangpu River.
________________________________________________________________________
6. After they had seen the film, they went to the school.
_________________________________________________________________________
7. As I had a cold, I was absent from school.
_________________________________________________________________________
8. When he was six years old, he started school.
_________________________________________________________________________
9. This is the largest office building that has been built this year.
_________________________________________________________________________
10. The postman who is delivering mails is Mike’s father.
_________________________________________________________________________
课后练习题
Ⅰ. 选择填空：
1. The climbers took ________ from a sudden downpour of rain in a hut.
A. space
B. shelter
C. room
D. prevention
2. Nobody ________ the accident, did they?
A. died
B. excited
C. lived
D. survived
3. The suits are designed to ________ your body from cold shock as you enter the water.
A. prevent
B. defend
C. preserve
D. protect
4. The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _______.
A. 20 dollars remained
B. 20 dollars to remain
C. remained 20 dollars
D. remaining 20 dollars
5. To our relief, the six-year-old child, ______ we though was lost, returned home ______ two days later.
A. who, safely and soundly
B. whom, safely and soundly
C. who, safe and sound
D. whom, safe and sound
6. She had a particularly happy childhood, ________ her illness.
A. beside
B. besides
C. except
D. except for
7. Materials ________ in ________ must be strong and light.
A. using, spacecraft
B. used, spacecraft
C. using, spacecrafts
D. used, spacecrafts
8. ________ at my classmates’ faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.
A. Looking
B. look
C. To look
D. Looked
9. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues ________ with her stories.
A. amused
B. amusing
C. to amuse
D. to be amused
10. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, ________ advantage of the health
and relaxation benefits.
A. taking
B. taken
C. having taken
D. having been taken
11. ________ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant fro residents reporting water and heating
supply breakdowns.
A. Put
B. Putting
C. Having put
D. being put
2.Although the teacher had explained the rules many times, the students still don’t ____________.
3.____________ spiders, the little girl stayed away from the small creature.
4.“Adopt” and “adapt” ____________ each other in spelling.
5.Some animals can ____________in the desert with very little water.
6.Suddenly, a man ____________ from behind the bush, which really scared me.
7.It is ____________ for a girl to leave her parents’ house when she gets married.
8._____________ when you come to the main road.
9._____________ his younger brother, he is always considerate in his treatment of others.
10.I feel angry if someone ____________ me while I’m sleeping.
Ⅲ. 选择填空
You are completely helpless. It will find some way into your home although you are very ____1____. Once inside, it will wait ____2____ you are not alert(提防的), and then it will attack. It will fly onto you, and drink your ____3____. This sounds like something from a ____4____ movie, but in fact it is ____5____ in many homes. This is the mosquito(蚊子).
Actually, the male, the female mosquito is harmless; it is the ____6____ that attacks. Blood is full of protein, and the female mosquito needs protein to make her eggs healthy and strong. The male does not need it and cannot bite ____7____ skin.
Unlike the male, the female is born for taking blood from men and animals. First, she has a knifelike object she uses to cut into people. ____8____, she gives out a chemical that covers the pain of her bite, ____9____ we don’t notice of an attack. Later, when we notice of the attack, the mosquito is long ____10____ and in search of new blood.
1. A. careful B. thin C. beautiful D. rich
2. A. until B. unless C. if D. because
3. A. life B. skin C. water D. blood
4. A. love B. horror C. sports D. musical
5. A. simple B. common C. rare D. good
6. A. mother B. female C. girl D. woman
7. A. through B. before C. to D. from
8. A. Last B. However C. next D. But
9. A. so B. as C. if D. or
10. A. lost B. forgotten C. gone D. died
Ⅳ. 汉译英：
1.他们正在装修一座带有漂亮花园的房子。(have的现在分词短语作后置定语)
2.随着人们生活水平达到提高，越来越多地人把汽车当作生活必需品而不是奢侈品。
(with +现在分词短语)
3.过市区马路时，你应该先看两变边。(when + 现在分词短语)
4.他表现得若无其事。(as though)
5.我愿意与有许多共同爱好的人交朋友。(the same as)
英语笔记 （四、五年级） 目录 1.音标……………………………………………………………………(P1-6) 2.反义词…………………………………………………………………(P7) 3.人称代词………………………………………………………………(P8) 4.动名词…………………………………………………………………(P9) 5.可数名词的复数变化形式……………………………………………(P10) 6.星期和月份的词汇……………………………………………………(P11) 7.基数词和序数词的用法………………………………………………(P12) 8.to be 句型……………………………………………………………(P13) 9.含有have/has的句型…………………………………………………(P14) 10.can句型…………………………………………………………………(P15) 11.there be 句型……………………………………………………………(P16) 12.祈使句……………………………………………………………………(P17) 13.to do 句型………………………………………………………………(P18) 14.改写句子1-----否定句……………………………………………………(P19) 15.改写句子2-----一般疑问句及肯定、否定回答…………………………(P20) 16.改写句子3----特殊疑问句………………………………………………(P21) 17.…………………………………………(P ) 18.…………………………………………(P ) 19.…………………………………………(P ) 20.…………………………………………(P ) 21.…………………………………………(P ) 22.…………………………………………(P ) 23.…………………………………………(P ) 24.…………………………………………(P )
4A Unit 1 一、教学要求 1、四会单词：a pen, a pencil, a ball pen, a book 2、四会句型：May I have…? This … is for … 3、三会日常交际用语: May I come in? Come in, please. Yes. /Sure. Here you are. Thank you. All right. Good morning. Goodbye. Here’s a …for …Happy Teachers’ Day! 4、了解辅音字母b和c在单词中的读音。 5、能诵读歌谣A little book 6、训练学生运用所学英语知识做简单的调查统计。 二、单元教材分析 第一单元安排了“新学期向老师要新课本”，“教师节给老师送贺卡并向老师表示祝贺”这两个语言情景，话题贴近生活，学生乐意学习。在教学内容方面，从本单元起对部分单词和句子提出了书写要求，希望教师高度重视。对单词的字体、书写方法、规格的功能方面要进行示范、指导，使学生逐步形成良好的书写习惯。 Unit 1 （第一课时） 一、教学内容 B Look read and learn & C Ask and answer 二、教学目标 1、能正确地听、说、读单词a pen, a ruler, a ball pen, a book, a rubber, a pencil case, a notebook, a pencil, a bookmark 2、能听得懂、会说、会读和会写句型May I have…? 3、能听得懂、会说、会读日常交际用语: Yes./Sure. Here you are.
一、阅读改错 A butterfly is an insect. It lays eggs. The eggs are small and white. The eggs become caterpillars. They eat leaves. They make little houses. They are cocoons. They are brown. When the cocoon opens, a butterfly comes out. ( ) 1、The eggs are big and white. ( ) 2、The egg eats leaves. ( ) 3、The cocoons are white. ( ) 4、Butterflies come out of cocoons. ( ) 5、The caterpillars make cocoons. 二、要求写句子 1. There are five birds in the tree. （对画线部分提问） 2. I can see some juice in the bottle. （改成一般疑问句） 3. I like model ships. （改成否定句） 4. There is a cat behind the door. （对画线部分提问） 5. The masks are forty yuan. （对画线部分提问） 6. The boy can play the guitar. （对画线部分提问） 7. I like tiger masks. （对画线部分提问） 三、选择 ( ) 1. They are going to the restaurant by A. a taxi B. the taxi C. taxi ( ) 2. My brother to school at seven o’clock in the morning. A. is going B. go C. goes ( ) 3. Kitty needs uniform for school .A. a B. an C. the ( ) 4. Look! Our classroom is on the __________ . A. second floor B. two floor C. two floors ( ) 5. This doll too old. I need a new A. ones B. one C. that one . ( ) 6. The traffic light . “Stop” ! A. is red man B. red C. is red ( ) 7. ——washes his face at six o’clock in the morning . A. Danny B. Danny and Ben C. They ( ) 8. We like and leaves .A. some fruit B. fruits C. fruit ( ) 9.The are going to the underground statain . A. Lis B. Mr Li C. Li ( ) 10. My birthday is on of January . A. the twenty-first B. the twentieth-first C. the twenty-one 选择对应的回答 （）1、What is this monkey doing? （）2、How much is that ball ? （）3、How is Kitty, Mary ? （）4、What do you like ? （）5、How many children ? A、She is sick today. B、One hundred . C、It’s eating a banana. D、Ninety yuan . E、Bananas . 填进适当的词 1、Ben and his ______ (家庭) are in the sitting-room. 2、There aren’t ______ (一些) sofas in the sitting-room. 3、Now ,follow ______ (我),please. 4、We’re having a Music _______(课). 5、They like (做) model planes. 6、We ______(需要) some flowers and vases. 7、--What do you like? -- I like ______(马).
单词音标释义单词音标释义autumn ['?:t?m] 秋天swing [swi?]摇摆，秋千rubber ['r?b?] 橡皮balloon [b?'lu:n] 气球colour ['k?l?] 颜色postman ['p?ustm?n] 邮差fisherman ['fi??m?n] 渔民；渔夫building ['bildi?]建筑物present ['preznt] 赠品；礼物toothbrush ['tu:θbr??] 牙刷chopsticks ['t??pstiks] 筷子plate [pleit] 盘子spoon [spu:n] 勺子breakfast ['brekf?st] 早餐umbrella [?m'brel?] 伞queen [kwi:n] 皇后playground ['pleiɡraund] 操场triangle ['trai??ɡl] 三角形library ['laibr?ri] 图书馆shape [?eip] 形状square [skwε?] 正方形、广场sandwich ['s?nwid?] 三明治camera ['k?m?r?] 照相机telephone ['telif?un] 手机、电话pineapple ['pain,?pl] 菠萝strawberry ['str?:b?ri] 草莓skateboard ['skeitb:d] 滑板beautiful ['bju:tiful] 美丽blouse [blauz] (女)短上衣，衬衫quiet ['kwai?t] 安静raindrop ['reindr?p] 雨滴season ['si:z?n] 季节classmate ['klɑ:smeit] 同学dentist ['dentist] 牙医engine ['end?in] 引擎waitress ['weitris] 女服务员branch [brɑ:nt?] 树枝sharp [?ɑ:p] 尖锐地shoulder ['??uld?] 肩strong [str??] 强壮bookshop ['buk??p] 书店chocolate ['t??k?lit] 巧克力climb [klaim] 爬coffee ['k?fi] 咖啡exercise ['eks?saiz] 练习fountain ['fauntin] 喷水池rectangle ['rek,t??ɡl] 长方形sunglasses ['s?n,ɡlɑ:siz] 太阳眼镜supermarket ['sju:p?,mɑ:kit] 超市answer ['ɑ:ns?,] 答案question ['kwest??n] 问题rubbish ['r?bi?] 垃圾blind [blaind] 瞎的blunt [bl?nt] 钝的hamburger ['h?mb?:ɡ?] 汉堡包kitchen ['kit?in] 厨房bathroom ['bɑ:θrum]浴室restaurant ['rest?r??]餐馆
上海牛津版小学四年级英语下册资料 M1U1xK om watermelon grape plum cherry strawberry crunchy 西瓜葡萄李子樱桃草莓脆的vine often enjoy inside guess 葡萄藤经常享受……的乐趣（在）里面猜 car park blue school yard never 小轿车公园蓝色学校院子从不when think fruit 在……时候想水果 a glass of watermelon juice cherry juice 一杯西瓜汁樱桃汁 grape juice at Alice’s home sit around 葡萄汁在爱丽丝的家围坐 not…at all 一点也不 1. What can you smell and taste 你能闻到和尝到什么 2. I have a glass of watermelon juice, a glass of cherry juice and a glass of grape juice. 我有一杯西瓜汁，一杯樱桃汁和一杯葡萄汁。 3. Is it a peach or an apple It’s an apple, I tink. 它是一个桃子还是一个苹果我想它是一个苹果。 4. Taste it. What is it 尝尝它。它是什么 5. How does it taste 它尝起来怎么样 6. Do you like red ones or green ones 你喜欢红色的哪些还是绿色的哪些（前句出现的名词，单数就用one） 7. How about the green one 绿色的那个怎么样。 8.It’s nice too, and it’s very crunchy.它也很好，而且它非常脆。
最新精选小学四年级下册英语新版-牛津上海版复习巩固第九十篇 第1题【单选题】 I get up _______ the morning.? ( ) A、in B、on C、at 【答案】： 【解析】： 第2题【单选题】 Close your ______.( ) A、eye B、eyese C、eyes 【答案】： 【解析】： 第3题【单选题】 当你想问别人，“感觉它怎么样？”你要怎么问？________
A、How does it feel? B、What does it feel? 【答案】： 【解析】： 第4题【单选题】 How does it ______ ?( ) A、feeling B、feel C、feels 【答案】： 【解析】： 第5题【单选题】 It is hot. A、 B、 【答案】： 【解析】：
第6题【单选题】 Look at the tree. shadow is long. A、Its B、It C、It is 【答案】： 【解析】： 第7题【单选题】 Is it apple? A、an B、a C、the 【答案】： 【解析】： 第8题【判断题】 The pillow is soft.
B、错误 【答案】： 【解析】： 第9题【填空题】 – What can you see in the sky? – I can see the ______in the sky. 【答案】： 【解析】： 第10题【阅读理解】 阅读短文，判断下列句子正误 One day there are four blind men under a tree. They are talking about elephants. An old man is riding an elephant past them(经过他们身边). He lets them touch it. A blind man touches the ear. He says the elephant is like a fan(扇子). A blind man touches the tail. He says the elephant is like a rope(绳子). A blind man touches the leg. He says the elephant is like a tree trunk(树干). A blind man touches the body. He says the elephant is like a wall. What about you? There are four blindmen under a tree. A、正确
英语笔记
（四、五年级）
目录
1. 音标……………………………………………………………………(P1-6) 2. 反义词…………………………………………………………………(P7) 3. 人称代词………………………………………………………………(P8) 4. 动名词…………………………………………………………………(P9) 5. 可数名词的复数变化形式……………………………………………(P10)
6. 《 7. 星期和月份的词汇……………………………………………………(P11) 8. 基数词和序数词的用法………………………………………………(P12) 9. to be 句型……………………………………………………………(P13) 10. 含有 have/has 的句型…………………………………………………(P14) 11. can 句型…………………………………………………………………(P15) 12. there be 句型……………………………………………………………(P16) 13. 祈使句……………………………………………………………………(P17) 14. to do 句型………………………………………………………………(P18)
15. 。 16. 改写句子 1-----否定句……………………………………………………(P19) 17. 改写句子 2-----一般疑问句及肯定、否定回答…………………………(P20) 18. 改写句子 3----特殊疑问句………………………………………………(P21)
19.
…………………………………………(P )
20.
…………………………………………(P )
21.
…………………………………………(P )
22.
…………………………………………(P )
23.
…………………………………………(P )
24. &
25.
…………………………………………(P )
26.
…………………………………………(P )
27.
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Unit 8 In class 教学目标： 1、能听得懂、会说、会读和会拼写单词eat , drink , write , read, close ,open . 2、能听得懂、会说、会读和会写祈使句Open the window , please .Don’t open the door .并能在适当的场合正确运用祈使句。 3、能听得懂、会说和会读日常交际用语That’s all right .Don’t be late again . 4、了解辅音字母r和s在单词中的读音。 5、会诵读歌谣Don’t be late again . 教学重点： 1、能听得懂、会说、会读和会拼写单词eat , drink , write , read, close ,open . 2、能听得懂、会说、会读和会写祈使句Open the window , please .Don’t open the door .并能在适当的场合正确运用祈使句。 教学难点： 1、能听得懂、会说、会读和会拼写单词eat , drink , write , read, close ,open . 2、能听得懂、会说、会读和会写祈使句Open the window , please .Don’t open the door .并能在适当的场合正确运用祈使句。 教学时间：五课时 教学设计： 第一课时 教学内容： A Read and say . 教学目标： 1、能听得懂、会说、会读和会拼写单词open ,read . 2、能听得懂、会说、会读和会写祈使句Open your books ,please .Don’t open the door。并能在适当的场合正确运用祈使句。 3、能听得懂、会说和会读日常交际用语That’s all right .Don’t be late again . 教学重难点： 1、能听得懂、会说、会读和会拼写单词open ,read . 2、能听得懂、会说、会读和会写祈使句Open your books ,please .Don’t open the door。并能在适当的场合正确运用祈使句。 3、能听得懂、会说和会读日常交际用语That’s all right .Don’t be late again . 教具准备：磁带、卡片、录音机 教学进程：
2016-03-08 4BM2U1 Module2 My favourite things U1 Sports I.词汇 1.核心词汇/词组 play football play table tennis play volleyball play badminton play basketball sport poster join club 2.其他词汇 ask remember enjoy favourite never yourself mine before swimsuit hobby goggles pool 重要词组 (掌握介词用法*) would like to do…let me see want to do…talk with… get in make sb. + adj. enjoy yourself in one’s spare time in a line French fries 3. 词汇解析 1) play的意思是玩，和球类运动搭配时就是“踢，打”的意思。如，play football/basketball。 但是注意play的“玩”，和中文中“我们出去玩吧”的“玩”并不一样，后者可以用hang out…（强调出去玩，逛逛等）如，Let’s hang out somewhere. I like to hang out with my friends in the school yard. 2) exercise 是运动，训练活动的意思，如，morning exercise，也有练习的意思，如， Please do this exercise after school. 课后请完成这些练习。 3) before 在…之前，after在…之后。是一组反义词，都是时间介词，表示在某个时间之前或之后。 let’s sing a song before class/let’s go and play basketball after school. II. 语法 1. like doing sth和like to do sth区别 like doing sth表示长时间的喜欢做某事,指兴趣爱好.在意义上比较一般和抽象,时间观念不强,不指某一次动作; 例：I like watching TV .我喜欢看电视. Do you like singing 你喜欢唱歌吗 She likes swimming.她喜欢游泳.（经常性的,爱好） I like eating fish .(我喜欢吃鱼,个人口味而已,一种爱好,喜欢） like to do sth想去做某事（表示有个趋向性,好像是要到某处去做某事） like to do sth 则常指某个具体的动作,表示偶尔一次喜欢做某事、或者突然喜欢干某事,想要干某事. 例如:She likes to swim this afternoon.她今天下午想游泳.（特指某一次的动作） 另外,在搭配(使用方法)上, “ like to do ”一般与“ would ”搭配表示意愿. 例：
牛津英语上海版四年级上册知识点整理 Module1 Getting to know you Unit 1 Meeting new people 生词： eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen new morning classmate her name sit afternoon his 句型：My/His/Her name is ... Nice to meet you. See you. He’s/She’s ... (age) This is my... Good morning/afternoon 语法：形容词性物主代词 my, her, his, your 在英语中有物主代词，它可以分成名词性的和形容词性的。形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，置于名词前，在句子中用于修饰名词，做定语，后面必须跟一个名词。例如：This is my brother. His name is Tom. 这是我的哥哥。他叫汤姆。形容词性物主代词有人称和数的变化， 单数形式：my我的，your你的，his /her/its他的、她的、它的。复数形式：our（我们的），your（你们的），their（他们的）。Unit2 Can you swim? 生词：run fast fly draw read write swim jump welcome but skate dance cat mouse bird rabbit fish elephant 句型：I/He/She/Kitty/My sister can... I/He/She can’t… Can you/he/she…? What can you/he/she do? Welcome to Super Show. A fish can swim. An elephant can ran fast. 语法： 1. 情态动词can 意思是“会，能”，表示会做某事。 句子结构：肯定句：主语 + can + do(动词原形) 否定句：主语 + can + not + do(动词原形) 一般疑问句：Can you/he/she/they run fast？ 特殊疑问句：What can you/he/she/they do？ 例如：My friend can ride a bicycle. I can’t swim. My brother can hear the bird. I can’t draw flowers. 注：can 的否定有两种书写形式 ca n’t 和 cannot 2. 连词 but But 是个表示转折关系的并列连词，意思是“但是，然而”。例如： I can run, but I can’t swim. 我会跑但是我不会游泳。My sister can sing, but she can’t dance. 我妹妹会唱歌但是不会游Unit3 Are you happy? 生词: happy hungry thirsty sad full tired bird see drink
小学英语标准教材 四年级：牛津小学英语 4A Unit 9 What’s the matter 教 Learning English is conducive to understanding the customs and culture of other countries, reading foreign books, etc. 学校：______________________ 班级：______________________ 科目：______________________ 教师：______________________
--- 专业教学设计系列下载即可用 --- 四年级：牛津小学英语 4A Unit 9 What’s the matter 教案设计(实用文本) 教学目标： 1:集中教学表示感觉的形容词tired、ill、hot、cold、hungry、thirsty. 2：能听懂、会说、句型what’sthematter?i’m…… 3：能用贴切的形容词表述自己的感觉 4：单词tired的读音要到位 教学重点： 1.学生对表示感觉的形容词tired、ill、hot、cold、hungry、thirsty的掌握
2.能听得懂、会说和会读日常交际用语comeand…goodnight.whydon’tyou…now? 3.能听得懂、会说、会读和会写句子what’sthematter?i’m…here’s…foryou. 3.能贴切的形容自己的感觉。 4.单词tired的读音要到位。 教学难点： 1.能听得懂、会说和会读、和会拼写单词 hot,cold,ill,tired,hungry,thirsty。 2.能听得懂、会说、会读和会写句子what’sthematter?i’m… 3．能用所学的语句在新的情境中进行语言交际，实现语言的运用。 教具准备： 录音机（带）、光盘、cards、蛋糕、水等实物、powerpoint 课文中人物的头饰 教学过程： step1warm-up.
Module1 Getting to know you Unit1 My birthday 生词： first second third fourth fifth sixth 音标： e e_e ee ea /i:/ she these bee sea me Chinese sweet read i y /i/ it drill easy happy this fish very early 语法： When is your birthday? It ’son the...of January/February/March/April/May/June/July/August/September/October/ November/December. Unit2 My way to school 生词： taxi underground zebra crossing traffic lights pavement 音标： e a ea /e/ bed any head pet many bread a /? / dad apple back black 语法 : How do you come to school? I come to school... Unit3 My future 生词： worker pilot farmer cook shop assistant 音标： /p/p pick map/t/t taste fruit /b/b book job/d/d date bad k kite work /k/c cook picnic ck clock duck /g/g game big 语法： What do you want to be? I want to be a/an...
Module 1 Using my five senses Unit 1 Look! Language skills: Listening: Identify key words in an utterance by recognizing the stress Locate specific information in response to simple questions Speaking: Open an interaction by eliciting a response Maintain an interaction by providing information in response Use appropriate intonation in questions and statements Writing: Develop written texts by adding personal ideas and information to writing Develop written texts by putting words in a logical order to male meaningful phrases or sentences Difficult points: Prepositions: Behind, beside, in, on, under ‘Wh-’ question: Where\What\Whose…? Materials: Pictures, recorder, tapes Teaching Times: Five periods The First Period Teaching tasks: Word:: brush do felt-pen paint sleep talk think Grammar: these those What have you got? I have got … Whose…are these? Where’s…? Difficult and main points:These… T hose…
My room This is my room. Near the window there is a desk. I often do my homework there. You can see some books, some flowers in a vase (花瓶), a ruler and a pen. On the wall near the desk there is a picture of a cat. There is a clock above the end of my bed. I usually put my football under my bed. Of course there is a chair in front of the desk. I sit there and I can see the trees and roads outside. 根据短文内容，补全下列句子 1. Near the window there is a_________ . 2. There are some____ , some______ in a vase, a____ and a _____ . 3. There is a_______ above the end of my bed. 4. I usually put my______ under my bed. 5. There is a______ in front of the desk. My classmate Tom is my classmate. He is from London in England. But he likes China very much. Now he is in Beijing. He is a little fat. He has a round face and big blue eyes. His hair is not black but yellow. His nose ,mouth and ears are all big. He likes blue. He likes wearing a blue T-shirt and blue jeans. Look at his hand. He has a football in it. We often play football after class. 阅读后做判断，在括号里填入"T"或"F" ( ) 1. Tom is an English boy. ( ) 2. Tom’s hair and eyes are blue. ( ) 3. The boy with big eyes, big ears ,a big nose and a big mouth is LiuT ao. ( ) 4. Tom likes basketball. ( ) 5. Tom’s favorite color is blue. Job Nancy : Who’s that man with a big mouth and two small eyes? Yang Ling: He’s my uncle and he’s a doctor. Nancy: My father is a doctor too. What’s your aunt’s job? Yang Ling: She’s a bus driver. What about your mother? Nancy: She’s an English teacher.
上海牛津英语五年级下册语法点整理 动词的形式： 一、动词后面加上ing : ①、现在进行时：表示某个动作正在发生或进行。它的构成方式是：主语+be+动词ing〔现在分词〕形式，有时会要求自己加上be动词（is, am , are ）。句子中经常会出现look, listen, now……等词。 现在进行时的变化 肯定句式：主语+be( am, is, are)+动词ing+其它. 否定句式：主语+be(am, is, are) +not +动词ing+其它. 一般疑问句：Be(am, is, are) +主语+动词ing +其它？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词(what , where…)+be(am, is, are)+主语+动词ing +其它？对现在进行时的特殊疑问句的回答，它不可以用Yes或No直接作答，要根据实际情况回答。 练习：1. What are you _________(do) now? I ___________(eat) bread. 2. It’s nine o’clock.. My father_______________(work) in the office. 3. Look, the boy____________(put) the plate on his finger. 4. __________he__________(clean) the classroom? No, he isn’t. He____________(play). 5. Where is Mak? He___________(run) on the grass. 6. Listen, who___________(sing) in the music room? Oh, Mary___________(sing) there. ②like(s), go , do some , 后面的动词加ing. 如：1. I like (play ) football, but my father likes (play) chess. 2.Let’s go (swim). 二、动词后面加s/es. 这就有关一种时态：一般现在时。 一般现在时：表示经常性的事情。 时间状语：often经常, usually通常, always总是，every每个, sometimes有时， at…在几点钟 它的动词变化与主语人称有关，只有肯定句中第三人称单数用动词三单（动词加s/es），其余动词均用原形。在否定句和问句中，因为有助动词do, don’t , does , doesn’t，所以后面的动词用原形。三单变化：多数在动词后加s play—plays like—likes 以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾的动词加es go—goes wash—washes watch--watches 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改i再加es fly—flies study—studies 一般现在时的变化： 1、肯定句：主语（非三单）+动原+其它/ 主语（he , she ）+动词三单+其它。 2、否定句：主语（非三单）+don’t+动原+其它/ 主语（he , she ）+动原+其它。 3、一般疑问句：Do +主语（非三单）+动原+其它/ Does +主语（he, she ）+动原+其它。
牛津上海版（三起）四年级英语下册知识梳理 Module Using my five senses 一、核心词汇 1. 水果名词： strawberry 草莓 watermelon 西瓜 grape 葡萄 2. 时间名词： noon 中午 evening傍晚；晚上 night 夜晚 minute 一会儿；分钟 3. 名词： noise响声；吵闹声 fox狐狸 shadow影子 moon 月亮 sky 天空 4. 感官动词： touch 碰；触摸 feel 摸起来；感到 smell 闻；嗅 5. 动词： wait等待；等候 get得到 rise升起 stop停下 6. 形容词： soft 柔软的 hard 坚硬的 thick厚的；粗的 thin薄的；细的 blind 瞎的；失明的 young 年轻的 round 圆的 purple紫色的 high 高的 7. 副词： again再；又 8. 代词： those 那些 him他 9. 连词： or 或者；还是 10. 短语： at noon 在中午 go down 落下 at night 在夜晚 take a walk 散步 二、拓展词汇 1. 颜色名词： white 白色 black 黑色 red 红色 green 绿色 yellow黄色 2. 水果名词： apple 苹果 pear 梨 banana 香蕉
3. 名词： sun 太阳 star 星星 4. 动词： see 看见 taste 品尝 hear 听 5. 形容词： long 长的 short 短的 sweet 甜的 sour 酸的 old 老的 三、核心句型 1. — How does it feel? 感觉如何? — It’s soft. 它是柔软的。 解读：这是询问对某物的触觉感觉的句型及其回答。 举一反三：— How do the apples feel? 这些苹果你感觉如何? — They are hard. 它们是硬的。 2. — What is it? 它是什么? — It’s a toy bear. 它是一只玩具熊。 解读：这是询问物品名称的句型及其回答。 举一反三：— What is it?它是什么? — It’s an apple. 它是一个苹果。 3. Is it strawberry juice or watermelon juice? 是草莓汁还是西瓜汁? 解读：这是一个选择疑问句。 举一反三： Is it a dog or a cat? 它是一条狗还是一只猫? 4. — How does it taste? 味道如何?
Module 1五年级上Unit 1 cross v.穿过 drink v.喝 go out出去 make a noise吵闹 mean v.意指 one pron.一 or conj.或 out prep .通过…而出 road n.路 rubbish n.垃圾 sign n.标志 smoke v.抽烟 station n.车站 traffic light交通灯 underground n.地下 wait v.等 wait for等候 way n.方向 which adv.哪一个
unit2 bigmac n.xx french fries n.炸薯条glue n.胶水mcchickenxx鸡paper n.纸 picnic n.野餐scissors n.剪刀 tape n.胶带vegetable n.蔬菜want v.要 unit3 bake v.烤 buy v.买 cheap adj.便宜的dear adj.贵的 for prep.为 need v.需要 salt n.盐 uniform n.制服wear v.穿
let’s 让我们module2 unit1 at(time) perp.在…时group n.小组home adv.回家morning n .早上mice n.老鼠 night n.夜间outside adv.向外面park n.公园 way n.方法 unit 2 be v.是 cabbage n.卷心菜carrot n.xx dessert n.甜点心doesn’t 不 drink n.饮料 know v.知道 nod v.点