一般过去时，现在完成时和过去完成时
一般过去时态表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和表示频度的时间状语连用，试看下列例句：
1. I was in the classroom yesterday morning
2. My father was at work last week.
3. I visited the Palace Museum three weeks ago.
4. He always went to work by bus last year.
5. I wrote home once a week at college.
1. yesterday或以其构成的短语：yesterday morning(afternoon, evening)等；
2. 由"last+一时间名词"构成的短语：last night, last year (winter, month, week)等；
3. 由"时间段+ago"构成的短语：a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago等；
4. 其它：just now或者由句子本身的时态所反映出来的。
现在完成时表示：(1)过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 常与already，just，yet，before，ever，never 等副词连用；(2)发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示），常与for（+时间段），since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用。试看下列例句：
1.My father has brought many books for me , so I can do some reading now.
2.I have already finished my homework, so I can give it to my teacher now.
3.Kevin hasn't seen the film yet, so he has nothing to say about the film.
4.This is the best film I have ever seen.
5.Mary has been ill for three days.
6.I have lived here since 1998.
现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, two days ago, just now 等等，但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, before, recently,ever, never等连用。
I have met him before. 我从前曾见过他。
Ma Hong has always been a good student. 马红一直是个好学生。
I have often seen him in the street. 我经常在街上看见他。
They have never been to Beijing. 他们从未去过延安。
I haven't seen him recently. 我近来没看到他。
现在完成时既然可以表示从过去持续到现在，那么在延续性用法中，谓语动词必须为延续性的，而不可以和瞬间动词连用。
1.I have brought the book for ten days. ( × )
2.They have already come here since three years ago. ( × )
但是，在否定句中非延续性动词可以表示状态的延续，试看下列例句：
1. I haven't seen her for a long time.
2. He hasn't left home ever since he lost his job.
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”, 常与by，before 等词连用，也可以表示在过去某个时间或动作之前发生并一直持续到那个时间的动作或状态，常与just，already，for，since等时间副词连用，试看下列例句：
By ten o'clock this morning, we had visited the Happy Valley.
I had finished my piano lesson before nine yesterday evening.
The film had begun before we got to the cinema.
He had done his homework before he played table tennis.
I had been at the bus stop for ten minutes when the bus finally came.
He had just worked in that school for three years before he came to our school.
The film had already been on for half an hour when I went to the cinema.
They had lived in Shenzhen since 2004, and they moved to Guangzhou last month. 过去某一时间
过去之前的动
【2011北京】1. Paul ant I _________ tennis yesterday. He did much better than 1.
A. play
B. will play
C. played
D. are playing 【2011内蒙古包头】2. Mr. Black is going to marry a girl he _________ in Japan last year.
A. meets
B. met
C. has met
D. would meet 【2011呼和浩特】3. He went into his room, _________ the light and began to work.
A. has turned on
B. turned off
C. turned on
D. has turned off 【2011贵州毕节】4. ---What did Mr．Smith do before he came to China?
--- He _________ in a car factory．
A．worked B．works C．is working D．will work 【2011 四川广元】5. --- Have you ever been to Hong Kong？
---Yes, I _________ there last month.
A. went
B. have been
C. goes
D. will go 【2011山东菏泽】6. This morning I had hardly got to my school when it _________ to rain.
A. had begun
B. was beginning
C. began
D. begins 【2011 广西柳州】7. ---You have found your lost umbrella, haven’t you?
---Yes. I _________ it behind the door this afternoon.
A. have found
B. will find
C. found
D.find 【2011四川凉山】8. Ten minutes ago, there _________ an eraser, a pen and some books on the desk.
A. was
B. were
C.is
D. are 【2011四川德阳】9. --- Do you know who cleaned the blackboard, Tina?
--- Yes. John _________.
A. do
B. does
C. did
D. will do 【2011浙江杭州】10. The last time I _________ to the cinema was two years ago.
A. go
B. have gone
C. have been
D. Went
【2011浙江金华】11. --- Have you ever been to Canada?
--- Yes, I _________there last year with my parents.
A. have been
B. have gone
C. went
D. go
【2011重庆】12. I called you, but nobody answered. Where _________ you?
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were 【2011湖南长沙】13. ---Have you ever been to Shanghai?
---Yes. I _________ there a few months ago.
A have been B. went C. have gone D. will go 【2011山东】14. --- What did Mr. Smith do before he came to China?
--- He _________ in a car factory.
A. works
B. worked
C. is working
D. will work 【2011广西贵港】15.---Lin Kai, hand in your homework, please.
---Oh, sorry. I _________ it at home this morning.
A. was leaving
B. has left
C. will leave
D. left
【2011江西省】16. I'm now in New York with my friend Jenny. We _________ by plane on Monday.
A.arrive
B. arrived
C. are arriving
D. will arrive 【2011浙江丽水】17．---Guess What! The great movie is on in the cinema．
--- Nothing new．I _________ it with my parents on the first day.
A.saw
B. see
C. will see
D. have been 【2011四川乐山】17. ---When _________ your mother _________ you that blue dress, Lucy?
---Sorry, I really can’t remember. Maybe two or three weeks ago.
A. will; buy
B. does; buy
C. did; buy
D. did; bought 【2011 山东青岛】19. Hello! I'm very glad to see you. When _________ you _________ here?
A. did; arrive
B. will; arrive
C. have; arrived
D. are; arriving 【2011湖北武汉】 20. Tom was so careless that he _________ his right arm when he was riding to school.
A. hurts
B. hurted
C. hurt
D. has hurt 【2011湖南邵阳】21. ---I _________ something wrong just now. May 1 use your eraser?
---Of course. Here you are.
A. write
B. wrote
C. am writing
D. will write 【2011福建泉州】22. ---Dad, I _________ the station for minutes, but nobody came to meet me.
---Don’t worry. I’ll go to meet you soon.
A. arrived at
B. have been at
C. will reach
D. arrive 【2011云南八市】23. ---_________ you ever _________ Dali?
---Never. But I am going there this vacation.
A. Do…go to
B. Have…been to
C. Have…gone to
D. Will…go to
【2011北京】24. My aunt is a writer. She _________ more than ten books since 1980.
A. writes
B. wrote
C. has written
D. will write 【2011广东清远】25.Echo _________ for half a month. She'll come hack in two months.
A. left B leave C. has left D. has been away 【2011广西百色】26.The Smiths came to Shanghai in 2008,they_________ there for three years since then.
A. live
B. lived
C. have lived
D. will live 【2011广西桂林】27. --- Have you ever been to Nanning? --- Yes, _________.
A. I was
B. I do
C. I am
D. I have 【2011河北省】28. I _________ my homework, I guess I can't join you.
A. don't finish
B. didn't finish
C. haven't finished
D. won't finish 【2011河南省】29. ---Excuse me, where is Mr. Brown's office?
---Sorry, I don't know. I _________ here for only a few days.
A. work
B. worked
C. have worked
D. will work 【2011黑龙江绥化市】30.---Where is Bob? ---He _________to Harbin for a meeting.
A. went
B. has been
C. has gone
D.is going to 【2011江苏徐州】31. --- Are you going to the bank, Laura? ---No, I _________ to the bank already.
A. have been
B. have gone
C. am going
D. had been 【2011呼和浩特】32. ---Oh, you are here. I’m looking for you all the morning. _________？
---To the library.
A. Where have you gone
B. Where will you go
C. Where are you going
D. Where have you been?
【2011四川资阳】33. So far this year, many new houses _________ in Wenchuan with the help of the government.
A. build
B. are built
C. will build
D. have been built 【2011天津】34. My grandmother _________ a lot of changes in Tianjin since she came here.
A．sees B. can see C. will see D. has seen
【2011贵州毕节】35．I _________ many new friends since I came here．
A．make B．made C．will make D．have made 【2011福建莆田】36. Mrs. Weng came back from France in 2010. She _________ there for four years.
A. works
B. worked
C. has worked
D.working
【2011四川雅安】37. She _________ this book for nearly three weeks.
A. has borrowed
B. has lent
C. has bought
D. has kept
【2011四川雅安】38. They _________ England and they will be back next week.
A. have gone to
B. have been to
C. have gone in
D. has been on 【2011四川南充】39. He _________ in this city since his family moved to Nanchong.
A. live
B. lived
C. has lived
D. living
【2011陕西】40. Some students in Shanghai _________e-bags for several months.
A. have
B. have had
C. had
D. will have
【2011辽宁本溪】41.---Is Mr. Smith still in Shanghai? --Yes, he _________ there for two months.
A. has been
B. has gone
C. has been to
D. has gone to 【2011宁夏】42. My brother and I _________in Yinchuan since 1997.
A. had lived
B. have lived
C. live
D. will live
【2011广西贵港】43. My pen pal said he would write to me, but I _________ any letters from him so far.
A. won't receive
B. haven't received
C. hadn't received
D. didn't receive
【2011广西贺州】44. Our country _________the sixth population census(人口普查) already.
A. finished
B. has finished
C. will finish
D. finishes
【2011江苏泰州】45.---How well do you know the Opera House?
---I know the place very well. I _________ Sydney many times.
A. have been in
B. have been to
C. have gone to
D. have arrived in 【2011重庆江津】46. A:How clean the bedroom is!
B: Yes, I am sure that someone _________ it.
A. cleans
B. cleaned
C. has cleaned
D. had cleaned 【2011福建福州】47.--- Where is Ben? --- He _________ to the teachers’ offic e. He will be back soon.
A. go
B. has gone
C. has been
D. will go
【2011重庆】48. I _________my hometown for a long time, I really miss it!
A. left
B. went away from
C. have left
D. have been away from 【2011山东聊城】49. ---Will you please go to see the movie Guanyinshan with me?
---No, I won't. I _________ already.
A. saw
B. have seen
C. see
D. will see
【2011甘肃兰州】50. --- How do you like your English teacher?
--- He is great. We _________friends since three years ago.
A. were
B. have made
C. have been
D. have become 【2011山东威海】51.—Hi, guys. Where are you heading now?
—Home. We _________all our money, so we have to walk home now.
A. spend
B. spent
C. have spent
D. are spending 【2011四川内江】52. --- _________ you _________ the movie Gongfu Panda II ?
--- Not yet. I'll see it this Sunday.
A.Did, see
B.Do, see
C. Have, seen
D. will, see
【2011湖南株洲】53. Jim _________ in Zhuzhou since he finished his college.
A. works
B. is working
C. has worked
D.will work
【2011湖南怀化】54. ---May I speak to Lin Tao?
---Sorry, he is not in. He _________ to Changsha.
A. has been
B. has gone
C. went
D. will go 【2011安徽】55. He promised to pick me up at the school gate. However. he_________yet.
A. didn't arrive
B. doesn't arrive
C. isn't arriving
D. hasn't arrived 【2011湖北襄阳】56. ---Why won’t you go to the movie with me, Gina?
--- Because I _________ it twice.
A. see
B. have seen
C. saw
D. will see 【2011湖南永州】57. ---Where's your father, Tom? ---He _________ to Changsha.
A. goes
B. went
C. has gone
D.had gone 【2011山东】58. --- Where is my sister, mum? ---She _________ to the library. She will be back soon.
A. has been
B. is going
C. has gone
D. will go 【2011 湖南衡阳】59.---May I speak to Mary?
---Sorry, she isn’t in. She _________ to Japan and will come back in two weeks.
A. has been
B. has gone
C. is going
D.goes
【2011贵州安顺】60. ---Are Li Yan and Wang Mei still living in Pingba?
---No, they _________ to Shanghai.
A. had moved
B. moved
C. will move
D. have moved 【2011四川泸州】61. Mr. Fan _________ this watch in 2005. he _________ it for 6 years.
A .bought, has had B. bought, has C. has bought, has had D. has bought, had 【2011江苏盐城】62. Mr. White came to our school in 2008, and since then he _________ us English.
A. teaches
B. taught
C. has taught
D. will teach 【2011安徽芜湖】63. ---China develops so fast. ---That’s true. It _________ a lot already.
A. changes
B. changed
C. will change
D. has changed 【2011湖北武汉】64. --- Jim isn't in the classroom. Where is he？
--- He _________ to the teacher’s office.
A. will go
B. has gone
C. had gone
D. is going 【2011云南昆明】65. Lanmon _________ here for almost ten years and he has many Chinese friends.
A. has been
B. left
C. has come
D. came
【2011云南昆明】66. ---Have you ever visited Germany?
---_________. But I expect to go there again.
A. Perhaps
B. No, I haven't
C. I don't know
D. Yes, I have 【2011山东淄博】67. ---May I speak to Miss Wang?
---Sorry. She isn't in. She _________ to Hong Kong.
A. has been
B. has gone
C. goes
D.went 【2011.广西北海】68. Sam came to Baihai in 2002. He _________ here for nine years.
A. lives
B. was living
C. has lived
D. will live 【2011海南三亚】69. He _________in Xinxiang for five years when I heard his news.
A. has lived
B. had lived
C. is living
D. has been lived 【2011黑龙江龙东五市】70.Our school is having a sports meeting. Someone _________ here already.
A. arrived
B. have arrived
C. has arrived
D. Will arrive 【2011陕西】71. Some students in Shanghai_________e-bags for several months.
A. have
B. have had
C. had
D. will have 【2011乌鲁木齐】72.The meeting _________ by the time I got there yesterday.
A. was on
B. has been on
C. had begun
D. has begun 【2011上海】73. By the end of last month, I _________ all the CDs of Justin Bieber.
A. collect
B. collected
C. have collected
D. had collected 【2011山东淄博】74. By the time I got to the cinema, the movie _________ for ten minutes.
A. had begun
B. had been on
C. has started
D. has been on 【2011青岛】75. The students _________ their classroom when the visitors arrived.
A . have cleaned B. had cleaned C. was cleaned D. have been cleaned 【2011温州】76. By the time he was 4, he _________ a lot of German words.
A. had learned
B. has learned
C. learned
D. learns
【2011苏州】77. When I arrived home he _________ for almost one hour.
A. had left
B. left
C. had been away
D. was away
【2011南京】78. He _________ in Shanghai University for four years before he _________ Beijing.
A.studied, had gone
B. had studied, went
C. has studied, goes
D. had studied, had gone
一般过去时 一、一般过去时的基本构成 1、be动词的一般现在时形式：was , were 2、其他动词用过去式的形式 二、一般过去时的基本用法 1、在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Eg ① He didn't finish his homework yesterday. ② We visited the factory last week. 2、表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。因此在这类句子中，经常 使用always，often，once a month等表示事情发生频度的时间状语。 ① When I was a child, I often played football in the street. ② Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。 **表示过去经常性的、习惯性的动作也可以用used to do 来表示。（强调现在已经不这样了） Eg I used to get up early in the morning. 3、有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动 作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时。 Eg I didn’t know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎。 （因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.） I thought you were ill. 我以为你病了呢。 （这句话应是在说话之前，我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病） 4、wish, wonder, think, hope等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。 Eg I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。 Christine was an invalid all her life.（含义：她已不在人间。） Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含义：她现在还活着） Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州） Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去） 5、用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。 ①动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend等。 Eg Did you want anything else? 您还要些什么吗？ I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。 ②情态动词could, would。 Eg Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车，能借用一些吗？ 6、特殊句型： ①It is time for sb. to do sth “到……时间了”；“该……了”。 Eg It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。
初中现在完成时态讲 解带练习
一.现在完成时的含义及用法 1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 2.现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 现在完成时的基本句型： 肯定式： 主语 + 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词. 否定式: 主语 + 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词. 疑问式： 助动词Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词? 用法①现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的) I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的) 此时，现在完成时常与already(已经), yet(已经), just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用，通常放在助动词之后，过去分词之前。 already: 常用于肯定句中. yet: 用于否定句，翻译为还没。疑问句尾.翻译为已经 1.你已经找到你的书了吗? 2.他们在这个城市建了许多房子. 3.Judy还没到达.
4.你吃过早饭了吗? 用法② 现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since ( 自从)he was born . Have you stayed here since ( 自从) 3 o’clock? for+ 时间段 since+时间点 , since+ 句子 ①Mr. Brown has had his TV _____15 years. ②I’ve taken driving lessons _______last month. ③My sister has had her cell phone _____a month . ④My friends haven’t visited me _______ my birthday. ⑤We haven’t used our car _____a long ti me . ⑥She hasn’t had a good cup of coffee ____ years. ⑦Tom has worn glasses _______he was 7 years old. 二.have been 与have gone 的用法比较 have been to “到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。 have gone to“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。 have been in“呆在某处一段时间了” 三.实义动词分为: 瞬间动词、延续动词
一般过去时与现在完成时区别专题 一、前言： 初一下学期同学们学习了一般过去时态的相关知识，即将到来的初二上学期英语学习中，现在完成时是重要的学习内容。本文通过对比一般过去时和现在完成时，对现在完成时进行初步讲解，希望使同学们读新学期的学习有所准备。 二、现在完成时 1. 现在完成时的构成 现在完成时是由助动词have (has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。 2. 现在完成时的用法 现在完成时表示过去某时发生的行为对主语目前产生的影响。即用过去发生的某个行为来说明现在的某种情况。 We are good friends.(现在的情况） I knew him in 1997.（过去的动作） We have known each other since 1997. （现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系起来并着眼于现在） （1）表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如： -Have you had lunch yet? -Yes, I have. I've just had it. 你（已经）吃午饭了吗？我刚刚吃过。（现在我不饿了） （2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。 如：He has taught here since 1981 他自1981年就在这儿教书。（可能还要继续教） I haven't seen her for four years. 我有四年没见到她了。 （3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice,ever, never,three times等时间状语。 如：I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。 3.现在完成时的时间状语 （1）现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。 a. 用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。 如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。 They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。 b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。 如：-Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你曾经去过长城吗？ -I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。 c.用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just, before, up to now, the past few years等。 例如：I have seen her before, but I can not remember where. 我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。
必备英语【初中英语】现在完成时-知识点归纳与练习 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．The tall building here for 100 years. A. is B. was C. has been D. is been 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】那幢高楼在这里已经有100年了。根据for 100 years可知“高楼在这里”是过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，要用现在完成时态，其谓语动词形式为have/has+动词过去分词。故选C。 【点评】此题考查现在完成时，平时应多归纳总结各种时态，语态和句式的结构及用法。 2．All the skirts .They very well. A. sold out;are sold B. sell out;have sold C. have been sold out;sell D. have sold out;sell 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：所有的裙子都卖完了，他们非常畅销。第一空sell out“卖完”，强调裙子已经被卖完的状态，本句用现在完成时的被动语态：has/have+been+过去分词，sell 的过去分词为sold；第二空sell作“销售”解释时用主动语态，在此处表一直卖得很好的状态，用一般现在时。故选C。 【点评】本题考查一般现在时和现在完成时的被动语态，注意sell的不同语态和用法。 3．The volunteers ________ a lot of help to the old and the young since 2010． A. offered B. have offered C. are offering D. will offer 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】考查时态．句意"自2010以来，志愿者们向老人和青年提供了大量的帮助．"．A过去时．B现在完成时态．C现在进行时态．D一般将来时态．since+点时间通常用于现在完成时态，结构是have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是volunteers复数，用助动词have．offer的过去分词是offered．答案是B． 4．My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 years, so he knows a lot about panda. A. was working B. is working C. has worked D. will work 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：我父亲在熊猫保护中心工作了10年，所以他对熊猫很了解。由句中的语句for 10 years 提示可知，此句要用现在完成时，主语my father，助动词要用has，故选C。 【点评】考查现在完成时的基本结构及用法，注意根据句子的时间状语判断时态。
一般过去时，现在完成时和过去完成时 一般过去时态表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和表示频度的时间状语连用，试看下列例句： 1. I was in the classroom yesterday morning 2. My father was at work last week. 3. I visited the Palace Museum three weeks ago. 4. He always went to work by bus last year. 5. I wrote home once a week at college. 1. yesterday或以其构成的短语：yesterday morning(afternoon, evening)等； 2. 由"last+一时间名词"构成的短语：last night, last year (winter, month, week)等； 3. 由"时间段+ago"构成的短语：a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago等； 4. 其它：just now或者由句子本身的时态所反映出来的。 现在完成时表示：(1)过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 常与already，just，yet，before，ever，never 等副词连用；(2)发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示），常与for（+时间段），since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用。试看下列例句： 1.My father has brought many books for me , so I can do some reading now. 2.I have already finished my homework, so I can give it to my teacher now. 3.Kevin hasn't seen the film yet, so he has nothing to say about the film. 4.This is the best film I have ever seen. 5.Mary has been ill for three days. 6.I have lived here since 1998. 现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, two days ago, just now 等等，但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, before, recently,ever, never等连用。
现在完成时和过去时的区别及练习 一、现在完成时的用法。 1.现在完成时强调过去动作对现在的影响 I have lost my wallet now. I can’t find it now. 我的钱包掉了，我现在找不到。 2.现在完成时强调过去动作一直持续到现在。 I have had this book for a year. 我拥有这本书1年了。 3.现在完成时表示动作尚未完成。 I have lived here for 5 years. 我在这里住了5年（现在也还在这里住） 4.现在完成时可以与不确切的过去时间连用。 She has entered speaking competition before. 她曾经参加过演讲比赛。 5.现在完成时可以用来描述活着的人的经历。 He has been to America four times. 他去过美国4次。（他现在还活着） 6.现在完成时可以与未完成的时间状语连用。 She has finished her homework today. 今天他已经完成了家庭作业。（today, this week, this year 是未完成的时间状语） 二、过去时的用法 1.
1.表示过去完成的动作，现在已不是这样。 —What do you think of her? 你认为她怎样？ —She was cute. 她曾经很可爱（表示她现在已不可爱了。） 2.与过去某一具体的时间状语连用，表示过去完成的动作。 She lost her wallet yesterday. (她昨天弄丢了她的钱包。) 3.表示去世的人过去的经历。 He went to America four times.一生中, 他去过美国4次（表示他已去世）练习 1.Ronaldo ______________( win) 29 major trophies in his career. 2.I ____________(have)him for three months and I really feel healthy. 3.She_______________(be) ill for three days. 4.They ________________ (not do) much exercise since they got their computer. 5.Kobe Byrant _______________(win) five championships with The Los Angeles Lakers. 6.Fans___________________(buy)about 200 million copies of Tintin’s stories in more than 50 languages. 7.When I was young, I ___________(not like) green vegetables. 8.After he graduated from university, he _________(work) in a big company.
. 一般过去时、过去进行时 --寒假 Name: ______________ Date:___________ ●Warm-up: 生动有趣的水果习语（一） 在英语中,水果不仅指水果本身,在习语中,它们还有其他的含义. Apple 1.the apple of one's eye意为“掌上明珠,心爱之物”. e.g.: He is the apple of his mom's eye.他是他妈妈的掌上明珠. 2.the Big Apple指纽约(New York) e.g.: The little boy is from the Big Apple.这个小男孩来自纽约. Banana top banana 有“领袖,老板(boss)”的意思 e.g.: He is very happy to be the top banana.他非常高兴当了老板. ●知识点将台
一般过去时: 1.谓语构成-------用动词过去式 以work为例: I /you(你) 其它的单数名词或专有名词He/she/it/worked. )/they你We/you用法2 . last night①表示过去某一时间内发生的动作: The snow stopped , 可与often, always等连用。②表示过去经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态My mother always went to work by bus last year. / I was fat two years ago. e.g.: 3.动词过去式的构成 live---- work---- ①一般在动词原形后加-ed/d: dance---- plan---- -ed: 1②以个元音字母加1个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词加 shop--- try------ iy③以辅音字母加结尾的动词变y为再加—ed: carry---- ) 等 stay----- 注意(: play---- ) ④不规则变化(特殊记忆 4. 常与一般过去时搭配的时间状语 ago ago①与连用: a moment/two minutes/three hours/five days/one week/six months/four years'. . ②与last一起用的状语词组: last time/week/month/spring/year/Monday ③与one/that连用: one/that morning/evening/night/day
专项语法讲练——现在完成时 【概念引入】 如何学习时态？对中学生来说，最好还是从各个时态的基本概念、基本形式和基本用法学起。在过了这一阶段之后，再放开步伐，通过大量的听、读和笔头实践，获得感性的知识。现在，我们就从最基本的概念、形式和用法等方面来总结一种新的时态——现在完成时。 【用法讲解】 一、现在完成时的定义 现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 二、现在完成时的构成 1. 肯定句 现在完成时的肯定句式是“have（has）＋过去分词”。 注意：该句式中的have或has是助动词，has用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用have。 2. 否定句： 现在完成时的否定句式是“haven’t（hasn’t）＋过去分词”。 3. 疑问句： 现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。回答用Yes, …have(has)./ No, …haven’t(hasn’t). 三、动词过去分词规则变化与不规则变化 (一) 规则变化 变化规则：与动词过去式规则相同。 1. 一般直接在词尾加上ed。look —looked 2. 以e结尾的动词，直接加d。move —moved 3. 以y结尾，y前面是辅音字母的动词，变y 为i，再加ed。carry —carried 4. 部分动词需双写尾字母，加ed。stop —stopped (二)不规则变化 不规则动词的变化因词而异。但是如果对不规则动词的过去式和过去分词做一分析，就可发现其中的“规则”。同学们在记忆时，可按下面的形式对教材后不规则动词表进行分析、整理。例如：AAB型 ABC 型 AAA型
现在完成时和一般过去时专项练习 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空。 1.--_____ you _____ (have) lunch yet? ---Yes，I . --- When____ you _____ (have) it? ---I______ (have) it at 12:00. 2._____ she _____(write) a letter to her aunt yet? Yes, she_____ . She__________ (write)it the day before yesterday 3. --______ you____ (find) your knife yet? ---Not yet. 4. I _________(sing) the English song before. 5. I ____ never _____(see) him before. 6.. She_____ just _____(ride) a horse? 7. Tom with his mother _________(shop)just now. . 8. Sam ________ (go) to school by bike last year. 9.My brother _______(join) the army in 1999. 10.My brother _______(be)in the army since1999. 11.John_________( not watch ) TV last night. 12.She ______ (do) her homework already. 13.Where is Jack? He______(go) the park. 14. I _________ (read) the magazine yesterday. 15.What was she doing when she __ (come) here. 16.We_______ (play) football five hours ago. 17..Mike ______ already ______(finish) the work. 18. We ___________(run) out of money. What shall we do? 19. I _____ just ______ (lose) my math book. 20. I ___ _ (be) to Beijing twice 21.My father _____ never____(eat)ice cream. 22.I __________(work) here since 1995. 23.The_______(teach) English since they (come) to this school. 24.We __________(learn) 1000 words so far. 25. Tom ____________( be) away for three days. He will come back tomorrow. 26.The teacher _________(leave) two days ago. 27.The teacher______(be) here since two days ago. 28.--- _____ you ______ (clean) the room yet? --Yes, we __________ (do) that already. --When _______ you ______ (do) it? ---We _______ (do) it an hour ago. 29. ---______ he ______ (see) this film yet? --Yes,he _____. --When _____ he _____ (see) it? --He ____ it last week. 30. I _________ (read) the book twice. It’s interesting. 31—Where’s she? .-- She ________ (go) to Pairs. -- How ______she ______(go) there? --She _______ (go) there by air. 32. So far, many countries ___ _ (improve) their environment. 33. Mr Chen _____ (give)up smoking last year. 34. Mr Chen ______ (give) up smoking since last year. 35.It’s ten years since I ________(meet) her. 36.This is the most interesting book that I_________(read). 37.She _________(work) in this hospital in 2005. 38. She _________(work) in this hospital since 2005. 39.I __________ (clean) my room two hours ago. 40. I ________(clean) my room since two hours ago. 41 The old men ____________ (live)in the house for ten years. 42. Mum is not at home now. She _______ (go) the shop. 43.The sun ________(rise) since five o’clock. 44.I’m sorry I’ve already_______(forget) your name. 45.My leg _______(hurt) a lot last night. 46.They ________(eat) a lot of chichen already. 47.--- he ______ (give) the book back to the library? --Not yet. 48.My uncle _______(teach) English for ten years. He loves his job. 49.I ________(spend) five hours watching TV last weekend. 50.He’s just _______(tell) us a story. 二、按要求变换句型。 1.I have already eaten the food.(否定句) 2..We have ever read this book. .(否定句) 3.The plane has arrived. (否定句) 4. She’s lent some money to others. (否定句) 5. She has already visited her aunt.（一般疑问句并肯定回答） 6..My father has already hadlunch. （一般问句并否
现在完成时态与过去时态的区别 1. 意义上的区别 一般过去时态只是单纯地表示过去某一时间发生过的动作或者存在的状态, 和现在没有任何联系, 只着眼于过去. 现在完成时态重点强调与现在的联系, 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果, 属于现在时的范畴. 试比较下列例句: I have washed my shoes . 我刷过鞋了. 强调的是过去的某一时间发生的动作"洗" 对现在产生的影响是" 鞋是干净的" . I washed my shoes yesterday . 我昨天刷了鞋. 强调昨天做过"洗" 这个动作, 与现在鞋是否干净没有关系. My father has bought a new car . 我爸爸买了一辆新车. 强调在过去的某一时间发生的动作"买" , 对现在造成的结果是" 他有了一辆新车". My father bought a new car last Sunday . 我爸爸上个周日买了一辆新车. 强调上个周日"买" 这个动作发生过, 与爸爸现在是否有车无关. 也许这辆车是给别人的. 2. 时间状语的区别 一般过去时态只能与表示过去的时间状语连用, 如 yesterday, la st week, three years ago, in 1990 , just now 等.
现在完成时态中的时间状语表达的时间是到现在为止. 如: just 刚刚, before 以前, "since / ever since +过去时间 " 自从...... 开始, ev er 曾经, never 从未, 未曾, "already" 已经 , " for+ 时间段"已有多长时间了. in the last/ past ten years 在过去的十年里, so far 到目前为止. up to now 直到现在, this week 这个星期等等. 二者的根本区别在于过去时强调事实，常有具体的时间状语标志，如，yesterday/5.oclock/this morning,just now,ago etc---, examples: 1.I met her a week ago. 2.We have a English class this morning. 而完成时有两种用法或意义 1，影响性：也是一个过去动作但却强调它对现在的影响,没具体时间点作时间状语，但常有，already,yet,before,just作状语。 (1).Have you had your breakfast,yet?(2).I have seen this movie before. (3).He has just finished his homework. 2.持续性：表动作从过去的一个点开始，一直持续到现在。（现在完成时）如果只需到过去的另一个点就是过去完成时。动词要用延续性的，还常有 for（引导线状时间状语），since（引导点状时间状语） (1).I have been worked here for 20 years./I have worked here since 20 years ago. (2).I have been a member of the League for 2 years.这里的be a member of 代替不可延续的动词短语join the League。
①一般过去时的基本用法 a)表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常与过去时间连用. a moment ago(刚才)，yesterday morning，last night/ week，the day before yesterday(前天)，just now(刚才)等。 He suddenly fell ill yesterday. 昨天他突然生病了。 b)表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态。 I wrote home once a week at college. 我上大学时每周给家里写一封信. c)表示过去连续发生的一系列动作。 She entered the room, picked up a magazine and looked through it carefully. 她走进房间，拿起一本杂志，认真地翻阅了起来。 d)在时间、条件状语从句中用一般过去时代替过去将来时. We would not leave until the teacher came back. 老师回来我们才会离开。 ②一般过去时的特殊用法 a)在虚拟语气中表示现在或将来时间的动作或状态。 I wish I were twenty years younger. 但愿我年轻20岁。 b)在口语中，一般过去时往往显示委婉客气 Might I come and see you tonight? 我想今晚来看你，好吗？ 现在完成时的用法: 1) 表示过去发生或已完成的某个动作对现在产生的影响或结果，强调的是这个影响或结果，一般不与过去时间连用，常同already, just, yet等状语连用例：I have just turned off the light. 我刚刚把灯关上。（结果是灯已经关上了） She has lost her bike. 她把自行车丢了。（影响是他现在没有自行车骑了） 2) 表示开始于过去、持续到现在的动作或状态，并可能继续下去（也可能不继续下去），常同包括现在在内的时间状语连，也同“for+时间段”或“since＋时间点”的状语连用 She has taught in the school for ten years. 她在这所学校教书已经10年了。 I haven’t eaten anything since breakfast. 我从早饭起就一直没有吃东西。
一般过去时和现在完成时用法区别（详细点） 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语：every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. 不受时间限制的 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 客观存在 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.. 3) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性、特征。 I don't want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. ※4)由连词if unless before as soon as when once however 等引起的时间(条件、让步)状语从句,需要用一般现在时,表示将来时. 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。 现在完成时用法解析 1.构成 现在完成时是由助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。 2.用法 （1）表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如： -Have you had lunch yet? -Yes,I have. I've just had it. 你（已经）吃午饭了吗？我刚刚吃过。（现在我不饿了） （2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表
过去进行时的用法归纳 过去进行时是英语语法中常用的一种，大家都知道过去进行时要怎么用吗? 特地整理归纳了过去进行时的使用方法，来看看吧。 一、过去进行时的时间状语 1. when 和while引导的状语从句中，强调某个动作正在进行的过程中时要用进行时态，while表示一段时间，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，如： When/While we were having supper, the light went out. 我们正在吃饭时灯熄灭了。 2. when用作并列连词时，主句常用进行时态，从句则用一般过去时，表示主句动作发生的过程中，另一个意想不到的动作发生了。如： I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。 @ 二、下面几种情况不用一般过去时而要用过去进行时 1. 表示过去某一阶段暂时性的习惯动作时。如： Tom was getting up at six o’clock every day that week. 汤姆那一周里每天都是六点钟起床。 2. 与always连用表示赞美，厌烦等感情色彩时。如： John was always coming to school late. 约翰上学总是迟到。
Lei Feng was always doing good deeds for the people. 雷锋总是为人民做好事。 3. 用来描写故事发生的情景时。如： : It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A PLA man suddenly appeared on the river bank. He wanted to cross the river.那是一个漆黑的夜晚，风刮得很厉害，雨下得很大，一个解放军战士突然出现在河岸上，他想过河去。 4. when作并列连词，表示“(这时)突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如： I was taking a walk when I met him. 我正在散步，突然遇见了他。 We were playing outside when it began to rain. 我们正在外边玩，这时下起雨来了。 5. go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。如： I was leaving for Wuhan that day. 那天我正要去武汉。 She was coming later. 她随后就来。 . 三、过去进行时表示婉转语气 (只限于want, hope, wonder 等动词)，用以提出请求。如： I was wondering if you could help me.
八年级下现在完成时全 面知识点 Company Document number：WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998
一现在完成时概念及用法： 1 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常和just（刚刚）， already（已经），yet（已经），never（从不），ever （曾经），before（以前），so far（到目前为止）等时间状语连用。 2 表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，还有可能继续下去，常和 for或since引导的时间状语连用。此时的动词必须是延续性动词。 构成：have/ has(助动词)+V过去分词 肯定句：主语+ have/ has+V过去分词+其他 否定句：主语+ have/ has+not+V过去分词+其他 一般疑问句：have/ has+主语+ +V过去分词+其他 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+ have/ has. 否定回答：No, 主语+ haven’t/ hasn’t. 3 常用标志词语 already, never, ever, just, before, so far, yet ,since+过去的时间点,for+一段时间等 already常用于肯定句；yet用于否定句和疑问句。 二常用句型结构辨析 （一）have/has been to / have / has gone to / have/ has been in 辨析： ⑴ have/ has been to + 地名“曾经去过某地” , 现在已经回到原地。 He has been to England twice．他曾经去过英国两次。(现在已经不在英国了) Have you ever been to the Great Wall你到过长城吗（现在已经不在长城上） ⑵have gone to + 地名“已经去某地了”，说话时该人不在现场。 He has gone to England。他已去英国了。 (已经不在说话的地方，到达英国或者在去英国的路上) ⑶ have been in +地点待在某地，常与时间段搭配。 I have been in Shanghai for three years. （二）since与for区别： 1）for其后只能接表示“一段时间”的名词性短语，可用于多种时态。表示动作或状态持续的时间长短； since其后接表示“时间点”的短语或从句（一般过去时）；也可以接“一段时间+ago”，常用于完成时态；还用于句型“It’s+时间段+since+一般过去时态的句子”。表示过去某个时间发生并持续至说话时的动作或状态。 I’ve lived in this city for five years. He usually sleeps for 12 hours every day. We’ve studied here since 2009. She has worked here for five years. It’s two years since I came to China. 练习：用since 和for填空 1.Jim has been in Ireland last Monday.