2018年高考新课标全国Ⅰ卷英语科试题分析
（一）素养活灵活现
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新课标I卷的设计遵循《课程标准》、《2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》和《<2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲的说明》的要求和阐述。试题设计围绕英语学科的核心内容，突出考查学生的基础知识和关键能力，重视考查学生的学科素养和核心价值。英语学科有四大核心素养：语言能力、文化意识、思维品质、学习能力。听力、语篇填空、书面表达均从不同方面考查考生语言能力，整套试题的文本内容从不同的角度渗透能力与素养、素养与价值考查，尤其阅读理解、完形填空部分凸显人与自然、人与社会、人与自我的关系。
（二）试题精解精析
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的ABC和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Washington, D.C. Bicycle Tours
Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.
Duration: 3 hours
This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability - and the cherry blossoms- disappear!
Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour
Duration: 3 hours (4 miles)
Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided to includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.
Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.
Duration: 3 hours
Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and smooth tour route(路线）make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.
Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
Duration: 3 hours (7 miles)
Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capital Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.
【命题立意】本文属于信息性文本，主要考察考生通过阅读查询并获取信息的能力。
【精解精析】本文介绍了几类华盛顿自行车旅行，重点介绍了不同的自行车旅行可以看到的风景及享受的娱乐项目。考生在作答时，需要根据具体问题查读相关的具体信息。
考察要点：主要考察学生根据阅读文章内容搜索细节信息的能力
21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?
A. Cherry Blossom Bikes Tour in Washington, D.C.
B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.
C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,
D.C.
D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.
【命题立意】细节理解题。
【精解精析】A哪个旅行需要提前预订，根据题目中book in advance定位到第一段最后一句“Reserve your spot before.....”，可以判断答案选A.
22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?
A. Meet famous people.
B. Go to a national park.
C. Visit well-known museums.
D. Enjoy interesting stories.
【命题立意】细节理解题。
【精解精析】D。根据题目中“Capital City Bike Tour”定位到文中第三段第三行“Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories.....”，因此该题选择D.
23.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?
A. City maps.
B. Cameras.
C. Meals.
D. Safety lights.
【命题立意】细节理解题。
【精解精析】D 细节理解题。根据题目中“the bicycle tour at night”定位到最后一个标题最后一句话“All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.”
B
Good morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role- showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.
In Save Money Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under ￡5
per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of what she’s learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack,11.
“We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant,” she explains. “I pay ￡5 for a portion（一份）,but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we’re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”
The eight-part series（系列节目）, Save Money Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV’s Save Money Good Health, which give viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the markets.
With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight’s East er special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family’s long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.
【命题立意】根据高考对阅读理解的考察，对文本的理解能力，分析能力以及西方社会热点的关注与对建设资源节约型社会的理解。
根据高考英语《考试大纲》要求，对学生解题及理解文章题目的要求，四道考题分别考察学生的（24题,25题）事实细节查找能力，（26题）判断推理分析能力，（27题）主旨大意总结概括能力。
24.What do we know about Susanna Reid?
A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests.
B. She has started a new program.
C. She dislikes working early in the morning.
D. She has had a tight budget for her family.
【精解精析】B本题考查学生事实细节查找的能力。根据题干中Susanna Reid定位文章第一段，由but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role- showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.可知答案选B She has started a new program.
25.How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?
A. He buys cooking materials for her.
B. He prepares food for her kids.
C. He assists her in cooking matters.
D. He invites guest families for her.
【精解精析】C本题考查学生事实细节查找的能力和近意短语的分析能力。根据题干中的Matt Tebbutt help Susanna定位文章第二段的with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips 可知答案选C. He assists her in cooking matters.
26.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?
A. Summarize the previous paragraphs
B. Provide some advice for the readers
C. Add some background information
D. Introduce a new topic for discussion
【精解精析】C本题考查学生判断推理分析的能力。根据题干中的段落提示，定位第4段，根据Save Money Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV’s Save Money Good Health, which give viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the markets.介绍了节目Save Money Good Food的来源，与选项中的backgroud意思相对应。
27.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Keeping Fit by Eating Smart
B. Balancing Our Daily Diet
C. Making Yourself a Perfect Chef
D. Cooking Well for Less
【精解精析】D主旨大意类的题目，定位文章首尾两句。根据文章开头how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.和结尾句The team transforms the family’s long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.可知答案选D，即花费少仍可以烹饪美食。
C
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit（联系）groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory, education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位
数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡) , with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers). Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark); none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
【命题立意】
本文讲述的是语言发展的现状，虽然语言一万年前世界上的语言种类繁多，但是目前很多语言却走向了消失。
28. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?
A. They developed very fast.
B. They were large in number.
C. They had similar patterns.
D. They were closely connected.
【精解精析】本题考查考生根据具体信息作出判断和推理的能力。本题问狩猎和采集时代，我们就语言能够推断出什么。文中第一段最后一句明确指出“专家认为10000年前，当世界有50到100万，他们之间说12000种语言。”故正确选项为B.
29. Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2?
A. Complex.
B. Advanced.
C. Powerful.
D. Modern.
【精解精析】本题考查考生推断词语在具体语境中的含义的能力。由上文所提及随着贸易工业化等的发展，导致很多语言消失，并且，像英语、西班牙语以及汉语这样的语言迅速成为主流可知，dominant意味着这些语言的强大。故正确选项为C.
30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?
A. About 6,800.
B. About 3,400
C. About 2,400.
D. About 1,200.
【精解精析】本题考查学生识别和理解具体信息的能力，本题问的是目前有多少种语言的使用少于6000的人。由文中第三段最后一句可知“语言使用者的中位数仅仅是6000，这就意味着世界上一半的语言的使用者越来越少。”根据文中第三段，第一句可知世界上的语言一共有大约6800种，所以本题选B.
31. What is the main idea of the text?
A. New languages will be created.
B. Peo ple’s lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C. Human development results in fewer languages.
D. Geography determines languages evolution.
【精解精析】本题考查考生理解文章主旨大意的能力，本题问这篇文章的主旨是什么？本文主要讲述的了很多语言语言将要消失的现状，所以A选项不符合要求，B选项主要讲述人们的生活方式在语言中的反应。与文意不符。D选项讲述了地理决定语言的演变。故本题选C. 人类发展导致更少语言。
D
We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices（装置）well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environ ment - and our wallets - as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.
To figure out how much power these devices are using. Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life - from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computer, basic mobile phones, and box- set TV’s defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smarts phones, and LCD TV’s entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.
As we acc umulated more devices, however, we didn’t throw out our old ones. “The living room television is replaced and gets planted in the kid’s room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house.” said one researcher. The average number of electr onic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007, We’re not just keeping these old devices - we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.
So what’s the solution （解决方案）? The team’s data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on - demand entertainment viewing on table instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.
【命题立意】
本文为说明文，主要通过人们对新旧电子科技产品的使用过程中的优劣对比，进而引导人们科学的消费观念，达到保护环境，实现人与自然的和谐发展。
What does the author think of new devices?
A. They are environment- friendly.
B. They are no better than the old.
C. They cost more to use at home.
D. They go out of style quickly.
【精解精析】此题为细节考查题，考查考生对细节信息进行归纳概括或推理的能力。根据文章第一段最后一句可知，做相同的事情时，使用旧的电子产品比使用新的电子产品所消耗的能源更多，所以新电子产品更加节能环保，故A符合题意。
Why did Babbitt’s team conduct the research?
A. To reduce the cost of minerals.
B. To test the life cycle of a product.
C. To update consumers on new technology.
D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.
【精解精析】此题为细节推断题。根据第二自然段第一句话得知Babbitt团队进行这一研究的目的是为了弄清楚电子产品在使用过程中对能源的消耗。选项D与第二段第一句意思相同，故选D。
Which of the following uses the least energy?
A. The box- set TV.
B. The tablet.
C. The LCD TV.
D. The desktop computer.
【精解精析】此题为细节理解题。根据文中最后一段最后一句“They found that more on - demand entertainment viewing on table instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.”可知B选项“ the tablet”最节能。
What does the test suggest people do about old electronic devices?
A. Stop using them.
B. Take them apart.
C. Upgrade them.
D. Recycle them.
【精解精析】此题为推理判断题。根据文中倒数第二段推理可知，人们没有扔掉旧的电子产品，而是保存着，并且使用着，那么使用这些电子产品会消耗很多电能，并且会排放温室气体，造成环境污染，所以应该停止使用这些老旧的电子产品。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Color is fundamental in home design - something you’ll always have in every room. A g rasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 36 , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. 37, they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones and the larger ones.
38. They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with the significant benefit of being easily changeable.
Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves.
39 . They require a bigger commitment than small ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings and floors. Whether you're looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant.
40 .
A. While all of them are useful
B. Whatever you're looking for
C. If you’re experimenting with a color
D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with
E. It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
【命题立意】
《考试说明》中对该题型命题的目的的表述“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”
新《课程标准》中要求，用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。主旨句概括（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）。具备一定的语篇知识。考查学生判断和推理能力。理解文章的基本结构和逻辑。从文中获取相关信息，理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
【精解精析】
本文体裁说明文，文中讲述了家居设计中色彩选择的重要性。文章贴近学生生活实际，简单易懂，有助于培养学生健康的生活方式、积极的生活态度，体现了《课程标准》中能育人功能。
36.本题考查考生理解句际关系能力。
从篇章结构来看，36题前有3个并列的疑问句，36题对应的句子应起回答上述问题并引出下文的功能。
从句子结构看，36题位于逗号前，逗号后句子结构完整，故本句句子种类应为复合句中的从句部分。答案项锁定ABC三项，根据句意，可知，答案为Ｂ项。
37.考查考生理解段内衔接关系的能力。
解题关键，应在本题所在句的后半句中所出现的代词they,其应为本段段首句中techniques 的复现。并且根据句意“尽管所有的设计技巧都是有用的，然而有些复杂。” 可知Ａ项即满中对上一句techniques的复现，也满足下文中所提及好消息的引入。起到了承上启下的作用。
38.考查考生对段首句的掌握和文章结构的归纳能力。
解题关键，根据38、39?40题所在的三段句首句中的短语：the medium color; the large color，可推断出38题正确答案为Ｄ项。
39.考查使篇章前后连贯的能力。
本题为中间项，故应起到承上启下的作用。选项即要顾及上句中Medium color choices的表
用英语提建议的八个句型 1. 用Shall we...?在表示建议或征求对方意见时，可用以Shall开头的一般疑问句。其肯定回答一般可用：All right, OK, Good idea等。 2. 用Let's...?表示“让我们”（包括双方在内）做某事“这一建议时要用以Let's 开头的祈使句。而Let us在表示让我们做某事时，不包括对方在内。如：Let's go and see the pandas. Let us go, will you?让我们去吧，好吗？ 3. 用Why not...?Why not...?意思是：为什么不……？后接不带to的不定式（即动词原形）。Why not...?是省略了主语的省略形式，完整句Why don't you/they/we...?如：Why don't you go with me? Why don't you try again?=Why not try again? 4. 用What about...?意为“……怎么”后可接名词、的代词和动名词。如：What about going out for a walk? I'm going to the park.What about you? 5. 用had better 意为“最好”，“还是……好”，常用于口语，后接动词原形。如：You had better stay at home. You'd better go now. 6. 用Don't...来表示建议，通常用于祈使句的否定形式中。如：Don't play in the street. Don't throw it like that. 7. Would you like+短语？这个句型意思是“……怎么样？”后接sth. 或to do sth.如：Would you like another cup of tea? Would you like some colour pencils? 8. Will you please+动词原形……？它的意思是“请你……好吗？”如：Will you please come tomorrow? Will you please pick it up?
1.请保持低调：please keep a low profile. 【点评】牛人在做事情上毫不含糊，但是在做人上总是非常谦和。所以当你下次看到你的朋友为了一点点小事而沾沾自喜、自鸣得意的时候，你可以对ta脱口而出这句话。profile可作“姿态”之意，low profile就是“低姿态”；而high profile则是“高姿态、高调”的意思。 2.我要续杯：I would like a refill. 【点评】“续杯”在当代生活中很多场景都适用。你知道吗，麦当劳的咖啡是可以续杯的。
3.我腿麻了：I can't feel my legs. 【点评】一个姿势坐久了，腿就发麻，“麻”这个字还真难翻，但是我们另辟蹊径，翻译成“无法感知”就OK啦。如果手麻了，就是I can’t feel my hands.
4.我去哄哄她开心：I am going to distract her. 【点评】哄某人开心，就是转移ta的注意力，从一件不爽的事情转移到开心的事情，其本质就是“distract”，下次会用了吗？ 5.好评如潮：They are all well received. 【点评】这里千万别说成good comments are like tide…。还得懂得转化，如潮的好评并不是“像潮水一般”，而是“很好地被接收”，所以，…is well received就很好理解了不是？想学习更多英语知识，请关注口袋英语aikoudaiyy
6.我要梳理一下我的思路：I have to organize my thoughts. 【点评】当一个人大喜大悲不够理智的时候，思绪总是混乱的，要想恢复理智的状态，就要理理思路。或者，当你想“静静”的时候，也可以用上这句话。
英语语法专业术语表达 英语语法语语语语表达 1. Morphology 语法 2,Notional Words 语语语3, Form Words 虚语 4,Parts of Speech 语语 5,The Noun 名语 6,The Pronoun 代语 7,The Numeral 数语 8,The Verb 语语 9,The Adjective 形容语 10. The Adverb 副语 11. The Article 冠语 12. The Preposition 介语 13. The conjunction 语语 14. The Interjection 感语语15. The Particle 小品语 16. Word Building 构语法17. Conversion 语化 18. Derivation 派生 19. Composition 合成 20. Prefix 前语 21. Suffix 后语 22. Compound Words 合成语23. Classification of Nouns 名语的分语
24. Common Nouns 普通名语 25. Proper Nouns 语有名语26. Countable Nouns 可名语数27. Uncountable Nouns 不可名语数28. The Singular Form 语形式数29. The Plural Form 语形式数 30. Individual Nouns个体名语31. Collective Nouns集名语体32. Material Nouns物语名语33. Abstract Nouns抽象名语34. The Common Case普通格35. The Possessive Case所有格36, Personal Pronouns 人代语称37. Possessive Pronouns物主代语38. Self Pronouns反身代语39. Demonstrative Pronouns指示代语40. Interrogative Pronouns疑语代语不意达41. Conjunctive Pronouns语接代语42. Relative Pronouns语系代语43. Indefinite Pronouns不定代语44. Reciprocal Pronouns相互代语45. The Subjective Case主格46. The Objective Case语格47. Cardinal Numerals基语数48. Ordinal Numerals 序语数49. Fractional Numerals分语数50,Notional Verbs语意语语 51. Link Verbs语系语语 52. Auxiliary Verbs助语语 53. Modal Verbs情语语语 54. Transitive Verbs及物语语 55. Intransitive Verbs不及物语语56. Regular Verbs语语语语 57. Irregular Verbs不语语语语 58. Person人称 59. Number数 60. Tense语语 61. Voice语语 62. Mood语气
英语中的提建议和回答 一、用“Let’s +动词原形+其它”来表示“让我们……”它的否定形式为“Let’s not +动词原形” 如：Let’s play football.让我们踢足球去吧！ 否定形式：Let’s not play football.不要去踢足球了。 值得注意的是：Let’s 开头的句子和Let us开头的句子，所表示的意思是不一样的。Let’s…表示“让我们做某事”时，包含说话双方在内。它的反意疑问句的后半部分用shall we;而Let us在表示“让我们做某事”时，不包括对方 在内。它的反意疑问句的后半部分用will you. 如：Let’s go shopping ,shall we?咱们去购物好吗？ Let us go , will you?让我们去吧，好吗？ 二、用“Why don’t you/they/we+动词原形+其它”，表示为什么不……？它的缩略形式为“Why not +动词原形”，两者在意义上是一致的。 如：Why don’t you have a try?=Why not have a try?为什么不试一试？ 三、用“主语+had better+动词原形+其它”，表示“最好……” 它经常用在口语中，它的否定形式是在had better 后直接加not.如：You’d better (not) go to school by bus.你最好(不要)乘公共汽车去学校。 四、用“Don’t + 动词原形”，来表示“不要……”，是否定的祈使句，通常表示建议对方“不要做……”，如：Don’t play fire.不要玩火。 五、用“Shall we+动词原形+其它？”，来表示征求对方意见或建议对方做……。如：What a sunny day! Shall we go hiking ?多好的天呀！我们去远足好吗？ 六、用“Will/Would/Could you please +动词原形+其它？”来表示“请你……好吗？”其中would, could 并不是动词的过去式，而是表示更委婉的建议和请求。如：Will you please go swimming with me ?请你和我一起去游泳好吗？ 七、用“What /How about……？”来表示“……怎么样？”其中about后面可以接名词、动名词或代词。如：What about going to Beijing ?去北京怎么样？ 八、用“Would you like +动词不定式/名词短语？”来表示“……怎么样？”如：Would you like to drink a cup of coffee?喝杯咖啡怎么样？ (二) 回答建议的表达方式 1：同意对方的建议时，一般用： Good idea. That 's a good idea. OK/All right . Yes ,please ./I'd love to No problem . I agree with you . Sure ./Of course /Certainly. Yes ,I think so ./I will. 2: 表示委婉谢绝是常用： I don't think so ./ Sorry ,I can't./Sorry ,but... I.d love /like to ,but .../I'm afraid ... （三）、用情态动词提建议 用should ，ought to，have to，must等情态动词提建议时用should和ought to语气比较委婉、客气；用have to， must 语气比较直率。例如： You should finish your homework as soon as possible. 你应该尽快完成家庭作业。 You ought to go to the washroom before the film begins. 电影放映之前，你应该去一下洗漱间。 You have to tell your parents before you go out and play. 你出去玩之前必须告诉父母。 You must buy a ticket to go into the cinema. 你必须买票进电影院。想一想： 1．空闲时，你想建议对方出去散散步，该怎么说？ 2．如果你的朋友病了，你想建议他去看医生，该怎么说？ 3．如果你想建议你的朋友去海边度假，该怎么说？ 4．为了提高英语水平，你想建议对方多看英语影片，该怎么说？ 5．如果你不知道问题的答案，你想建议对方去问数学老师，该怎么说？
培养学生运用英语做事的习惯 在的英语学习和英语教学工作中，我觉得要学好英语，必须要培养自主创造力，但要培养创造力首先就是要培养的思维能力。著名教育家苏霍姆林斯基曾经过说过：“真正的学校是一个积极思考的王国。”可见，有效地利用多种途径和方法来启发学生的思维，促进学生智慧的发展，是目前构成课堂教学技巧的重要组成部分。并且对于培养学生更好的运用英语的语言能力及表达能力，以便将来在生活中灵活的应用，通过学习和实践，我对启发式教学有了一定的认识和体会： 一、启发 启发式教学是指教师在教学过程中根据教学任务和学习的客观规律，从学生的实际出发，采用多种方式，以启发学生的思维为核心，调动学生的学习主动性和积极性，促使他们生动活泼的学习的一种指导思想。教学启发方法与技巧思想及实践中外教育史上是源远流长的。 在我国，孔子启发教育的涵义是：教导学生，不到他想弄明白而又弄不明白的时候，不去启示他的思路：不到他想说而又说不出来的时候，不去开导他的表述。 德国民主主义教育第斯多惠认为“教育就是引导”，要调动学生的主动性。这是启发性教学的首要原理，也是教学成功的基础和标志，“教师只有在起引导作用时，才能在教学过程中发展儿童的主动性。”他建议：教学要启发学生的智力，使他们能够“探求、考虑、判断、发现。”他的名言是：“不好的教师是传授真理，好的教师是教学生去发现真理。” 通过学习发现，优秀教师教学总是注重启发诱导学生，使之明事理。引导学生而不牵着学生走；鼓励学生而不强迫学生走；启发学生而不代替学生。师生融洽，学习愉快，又能独立思考，这就叫做善于自发诱导。 综上所述，可见启发式教学在英语教学中发挥着多么重要的作用。教师充分调动学生学习的积极性和主动性，遵循教学的客观规律，以高超精湛的技艺适时巧妙地启迪、诱导学生去学习，帮助他们学会动脑筋思考和语言表达，生动活泼、轻松愉快地获得发展。 二、启发教学的原则与要求
英语语法专业术语 本次听写要求：挑选部分英语术语打在PPT上，学生按序号写出相应中文术语。（一）词类part of speech 实词notional word ['n?u??n?l] 虚词structural word/ form word (e.g. article preposition conjunction interjection) 派生词derivative [di'riv?tiv, d?'riv?tiv] 复合词compound ['k?mpaund,k?m'paund] 词性part of speech 名词noun 专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun 可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable noun 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form ['plu?r?l, 'plur?l] 抽象名词abstract noun [?b'str?kt,'?bstr?kt] 具体名词concrete noun ['k?nkri:t] 物质名词material noun 集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun 动词verb 主动词main verb 及物动词transitive verb ['tr?nsitiv, 'tr?ns?tiv] 不及物动词intransitive verb [in'tr?nsitiv, in'tr?ns?tiv] 系动词link verb 助动词auxiliary verb [?:g'zilj?ri] 情态动词modal verb 规则动词regular verb 不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb ['freizl, 'freiz?l] 限定动词finite verb ['fainait] 非限定动词infinite verb ['infinit, 'inf?nit] 使役动词causative verb ['k?:z?tiv] 感官动词verb of senses 动态动词event verb 静态动词state verb 形容词adjective 比较等级degrees of comparison ☆原级positive degree ☆比较级comparative degree
如何用英语提建议 A.短语 1．in one’s opinion 依某人意见，在某人看来 2．be harmful to sb do harm to sb 对、、、、、、有害 3．be beneficial to sb do good to sb 对、、、、、有益 4．make a suggestion that+句子 （should do ）提出、、、、、、建议。5．generallly speaking 一般来说 6．in short in a word 总之 7．give sb some advice on sth how to do sth 就某事或就如何做某事给某人提建议 B.句型 1．I support that +句子。我支持、、、、、 2．I agree that +句子。我同意、、、、、、 3．I’m for +词或短语。我赞成、、、、、 4．I don’t support one’s opinion that + 句子 我不赞成某人的、、、、、意见。
4．I’m against +词或短语。我反对、、、、、、 5．My suggestions are as follows. 我的建议如下。 6．What/How about doing sth? 做某件事如何？ 7．What do you think of sb/sth?你觉得、、、、、、如何？ 8．Why not do sth. (= Why don't you do sth.)? 你为什么不、、、、、？9．Shall we …?我们做某件事好吗？ 10．You'd better (not) do sth. 你最好（别）做某事。 11．I advise you (not) to do sth. 我建议你（不）做某事。 12．I suggest (that) you (should) do sth.我建议你应该做某事。 13．I think you should …我认为你应该、、、、、、 14．Would you like to…？你愿意、、、、、、吗？ 15．Let's …, shall we?我们来、、、、、，可以吗？ 16. You mustn’t do sth. 你千万不要做某事。 重要词组和短语： 1）众所周知as we know; it is known that 2）举办亚运会的城市the city to host the Asian Games 3）作为;充当serve as 4) 达到统一的标准reached an agreed standard 5）期待look forward to 6）、、、志愿者 a volunteer for…
做事先做人的英文谚语 导读：本文是关于做事先做人的英文谚语，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享！ 1、言者无罪，闻者足戒。 The speaker is innocent, the hearer is admonished. 2、穷则独善其身，达则兼善天下。 Poverty is good for itself, while attainment is good for the world. 3、批评别人要诚恳，听取意见要虚心。 Be sincere in criticizing others and modest in listening to their opinions. 4、力是压大的，胆是吓大的。 Force is strong, courage is frightening. 5、大路有草行人踩，心术不正旁人说。 The road is trampled by grass pedestrians and others say that their mind is not right. 6、君子动口，小人动手。 A gentleman talks and a villain acts. 7、小时偷针，大了偷金。 Stealing needles in an hour is bigger than stealing gold. 8、百闻不如一见，百见不如一干。
Seeing is better than hearing, doing is better than seeing. 9、打人两日忧，骂人三日羞。 Two days to worry about beating people, three days to shame cursing people. 10、君子和而不同，小人同而不和。 Gentlemen differ from each other, and villains differ from each other. 11、奔车之上无仲尼，覆舟之下无伯夷。 There is no Zhongni above the car and no Boyi below the boat. 12、过而不改，是谓过矣。 It's too late to change. 13、宁可玉碎，不能瓦全。 It's better to break a piece of jade than to finish it. 14、二人同心，其利断金。 The two of them are united, and their profits are cut off. 15、敬老得老，敬禾得宝。 Respect for old age, reverence for grains, reverence for treasure. 16、吃亏人常在，占便宜死得快。 Losers are always there and die quickly. 17、鸟惜羽毛虎惜皮，为人处世惜脸皮。
英语语法专业术语 语法 grammar 句法 syntax 词法 morphology 结构 structure 层次 rank 句子 sentence 从句 clause 词组 phrase 词类 part of speech 单词 word 实词 notional word 虚词 structural word 名词 noun 专有名词 proper noun 普通名词 common noun 可数名词 countable noun 不可数名词 uncountable no 抽象名词 abstract noun 具体名词 concrete noun 物质名词 material noun 集体名词 collective noun 个体名词 individual noun 介词 preposition 连词 conjunction 动词 verb 主动词 main verb 及物动词 transitive verb 不及物动词 intransitive verb 系动词 link verb 助动词 auxiliary verb 情态动词 modal verb 规则动词 regular verb 不规则动词 irregular verb 短语动词 phrasal verb 限定动词 finite verb 非限定动词 infinite verb 使役动词 causative verb 感官动词 verb of senses 动态动词 event verb 静态动词 state verb 感叹词 exclamation 形容词 adjective
副词 adverb 方式副词 adverb of manner 程度副词 adverb of degree 时间副词 adverb of time 地点副词 adverb of place 修饰性副词 adjunct 连接性副词 conjunct 疑问副词 interrogative adverb 关系副词 relative adverb 代词 pronoun 人称代词 personal pronoun 物主代词 possessive pronoun 反身代词 reflexive pronoun 相互代词 reciprocal pronoun 指示代词 demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词 interrogative pronoun 关系代词 relative pronoun 不定代词 indefinite 物主代词 possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词 nominal possessive 形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun 冠词 article 定冠词 definite article 不定冠词 indefinite article 数词 numeral 基数词 cardinal numeral 序数词 ordinal numeral 分数词 fractional numeral 形式 form 单数形式 singular form 复数形式 plural form 限定动词 finite verb form 非限定动词 non-finite verb form 原形 base form 从句 clause 从属句 subordinate clause 并列句 coordinate clause 名词从句 nominal clause 定语从句 attributive clause 状语从句 adverbial clause 宾语从句 object clause 主语从句 subject clause 同位语从句 appositive clause 时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place
提建议的表达方式 (一)提建议的表达方式： 1. Why don't you...? / Why not ...?后接动词原形。如： Why don't you / Why not get him a book? 你为什么不给他买本书呢？ 2. How about ...? / What about ...? 后接动名词(Ving)、名词或者代词宾格。如： How about / What about this blue scarf? 这条蓝色围巾怎么样？ 3. You'd better (not) do sth. 意为“你最好（不）做某事。”如： You'd better take off your coat. It's too hot here. 你最好脱掉你的外套。这里太热了。 4. Let's ..., shall we? Let's后接动词原形，意为“咱们……，好吗？”，如： Let's go shopping, shall we? 我们去购物吧，好吗？ 5. Shall we / I ...?，如： Shall we go boating? 我们去划船好吗？ 6. Would you like ...? 后接名词(Ving)或动词不定式(to do)，意为“你们/你想要……吗？”，如： Would you like to go shopping with me? 你愿意跟我一块儿去购物吗？ 7. Would you please ...? 后接动词原形，意为“请你……好吗？”，如：Would you please turn down the radio? 请把收音机音量关小一点好吗？ (二) 回答建议的表达方式： 1. 同意对方建议时，一般用： Good idea. / Sounds good. 意为“好主意。/听起来不错。” Yes, please. / I'd like / love to. 意为“是的，请。/我很乐意。”Sure. / Of course. / Certainly. 意为“当然。” No problem. 意为“没问题。” 2．拒绝对方的建议时，一般用： Sorry, I can't. 意为“对不起，我不行。” I'd love / like to, but ... 意为“我很想，但是……” I'm afraid not. /I'm afraid can’t.意为“我恐怕不行。” 练习： 一、选择 （）1.--______ come and join us?
What are you trying to say?（你到底想说什么？） Don't be silly.（别胡闹了。） How strong are your glasses?（你近视多少度？） Just because.（没有别的原因。） It isn't the way I hoped it would be.（这不是我所盼望的。） You will never guess.（你永远猜不到。） No one could do anything about it.（众人对此束手无措。） I saw something deeply disturbing.（深感事情不妙。） Money is a good servant but a bad master.（要做金钱的主人，莫做金钱的奴隶。） I am not available.（我正忙着）Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand.(脑中的知识比手中的金钱更重要） Never say die.it's a piece of cake.别泄气，那只是小菜一碟。 Don't worry.you'll get use to it soon.别担心，很快你就会习惯的。 I konw how you feel.我明白你的感受。 You win some.you lose some.胜败乃兵家常事。 Don't bury your head in the sand.不要逃避现实。 I didn't expect you to such a good job.我没想到你干得这么好。 You are coming alone well.你做得挺顺利。 She is well-build.她的身材真棒。You look neat and fresh.你看起来很清纯。 You have a beautiful personality.你的气质很好。 You flatter me immensely.你过奖啦。You should be slow to judge others.你不应该随意评论别人。 I hope you will excuse me if i make any mistake.如有任何错误，请你原谅It was most careless ofme.我太粗心了。 It was quite by accident.真是始料不及。 I wish i had all the time i'd ever wasted,so i could waste it all over again.我希望所有被我浪费的时间重新回来，让我再浪费一遍。 I like you the way you were.我喜欢你以前的样子。 You two go ahead to the movie without me,i don't want to be a third wheel.你们两个自己去看电影吧，我不想当电灯泡。 Do you have anyone in mind?你有心上人吗？ How long have you known her？你认识她多久了？ It was love at frist sight.一见钟情 I'd bettle hit the books.我要复习功课啦。 a piece of one's mind .直言不讳 He gave me a piece of mind,"Don't shift responsibility onto others."他责备道：“不要把责任推卸到别人身上。” a cat and dog life水火不容的生活The husband and his wife are always quarrelling,and they are leading a cat and dog life.这对夫妇老是吵架，相互之间水火不容。 a dog's life潦倒的生活 The man lived a dog's life.这个人生活潦倒。 A to Z从头至尾 I know that from A to Z. 我很了解这件事。 above somebody深奥 Well,this sort of talk is above me.我不懂你们在讲什么。 all ears 全神贯注地倾听着 When you tell Mary some gossip,she is all ears.跟Mary讲一些小道消息，她会听地仔仔细细。
英语语法专业术语表达( The Noun 名词 The Pronoun 代词 The Numeral 数词 The Verb 动词 The Adjective 形容词 The Adverb 副词 The Article 冠词 The Preposition 介词 The conjunction 连词 The Interjection 感叹词Classification of Nouns 名词的分类Common Nouns 普通名词 Proper Nouns 专有名词Countable Nouns 可数名词Uncountable Nouns 不可数名词The Singular Form 单数形式 The Plural Form 复数形式Individual Nouns个体名词Collective Nouns集体名词
Material Nouns物质名词Abstract Nouns抽象名词 The Possessive Case所有格Personal Pronouns 人称代词Possessive Pronouns物主代词Self Pronouns反身代词Demonstrative Pronouns指示代词Interrogative Pronouns疑问代词Conjunctive Pronouns连接代词Relative Pronouns关系代词Indefinite Pronouns不定代词 The Subjective Case主格 The Objective Case宾格Cardinal Numerals基数词Ordinal Numerals 序数词Fractional Numerals分数词Notional Verbs实意动词 Link Verbs 连系动词 Auxiliary Verbs助动词 Modal Verbs情态动词 Transitive Verbs及物动词Intransitive Verbs不及物动词
三年级英语三年级英语上册 Unit one 一. 26个英文子母以及读写
二. 新词预习 Hi [ha?]嗨；你好（表示问候） Hello[h??l?u] 喂，你好（用于打招呼或唤起注意） Morning [' m?rn??]早上，早晨；上午good morning 早上好Afternoon [?ɑ:ft??nu:n]下午 Good [ɡ?d] 好的 Good morning 上午好早上好good afternoon 下午好 goodbye 再见goodnight 晚安 Miss 美[m?s] 小姐，女士对应词Mr 先生首字母大写，用在姓之前例如Miss Li 李小姐
Class [klɑ:s]同学们 I /ai/ 我(第一人称单数主格) am 是（只和连用）I’m=I am 我是 自我介绍我是.... I am Miss Li我是李小姐 Hi, I am Liu Tao. 你好，我是刘涛 三. 易错题 1.你上午遇到李老师，你会说： A.Good morning, Miss Li B.Good morning. I’m Miss Li 2.上学路上和同学打招呼，你会说： A.Hi, Liu Tao B.Hello, I’m Liu Tao 3.A: B: Hi, David A.Hi, Yang Ling B.Hi, I’m Yang Ling 4.A. Hello, I’m Liu Tao B. A.Hello, I’m Tom
B.Hello, Tom 5. A , Mike B: Hello, Sam A.Hello B Good morning C Hi 6. A. Hello, Sam B. Hello, Sam A I B He C I’m 7. A. Hi, I Liu Tao. B. Hi, Tiu Tao A.am B. Is C are 8. A. Good B. Good afternoon, Tom A.morning B. Afternoon 9.连词成句，并写出其中的中文意思1）class, afternoon, good(, .) 2) I, Liu Tao, hello, am(, .)
用Shallwe…？在表示建议或征求对方意见时，可用以Shall开头的一般疑问句。其肯定回答一般可用：All right，OK，Good idea等。 用Let's…？表示“让我们”（包括双方在内）做某事“这一建议时要用以Let's 开头的祈使句。而Letus在表示让我们做某事时，不包括对方在内。如： Let'sgoandseethepandas. Let us go，will you？让我们去吧，好吗？ 用Why not…？Why not…？意思是：为什么不……？后接不带to的不定式（即动词原形）。Why not…？是省略了主语的省略形式，完整句Why don't you/they/we…？如：Why don't you go with me？Why don't you try again？=Why not try again？用Whatabout…？意为“……怎么”后可接名词、的代词和动名词。如：Whataboutgoing out for a walk？I'm going to the park.What about you？ 用had better意为“最好”，“还是……好”，常用于口语，后接动词原形。如：You hadbetter stay at home. You'd better go now. 用Don't…来表示建议，通常用于祈使句的否定形式中。如：Don't play in the street.Don't throw it like that. 用Wouldyoulike+短语？这个句型意思是“……怎么样？”后接sth.或todosth.如：Would you like another cup of tea？Would you like some colour pencils？用Will you please+动词原形…？它的意思是“请你……好吗？”如：Will you pleasecome tomorrow？Will you please pick it up？ 1/ 1
能用英语做事情之目的教学方式 一、引言 英语课程标准是教师在基础教育阶段执行英语学科教学的纲领性文件。从新中国成立至今,我国基础教育英语课程改革已经进行了多次,最近一次从20XX年开始的基础教育课程改革算起,也已历经十余年。在此期间,各地中小学的英语教学取得了一定的成绩,但同时广大教师和学者对各种版本的英语课程标准的理解和解读争议不断,有时争议还十分激烈。依据笔者研读和观察发现,争议的焦点大多集中在英语课程的目的和方法这两方面,教育目的、教学[ 第一论文]目的、课程目的经常被混为一谈,英语教学存在目的不清、方法单一的现象,只提倡“做中学”。英语教师对语言本质的认识影响着语言教育模式,而执行和理解英语课程标准更是直接关系到如何实施课堂教学。目前针对基础教育阶段的英语课程标准主要有20XX年出版的《全日制义务教育普通高级中学英语课程标准(实验稿)》、20XX年出版的《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》和20XX年出版的《义务教育英语课程标准(20XX年版)》,为叙述方便,以上分别称为《课标》(20XX、20XX、20XX)。三个《课标》力图实现目的多元化、方法多样化,使学生掌握英语的基础知识和基本技能(“双基”),这是值得肯定的。本文通过对“目的”的界定和英语教育目的历史的回顾,对用语言做事的方法进行探讨,指出教育目的是课程标准规定的总目标,用英语做事情是课程目的,教学目的要聚焦语言本身。为实现语言“双基”的教学目的,教师要正确区分教育目的、课程目的和教学目的,深入研究能用英语做事情的本质特征。落实语言“双基”的教学在某种意义上也是用语言做事,是实现英语教学目的的有效途径。 二、教育目的、教学目的和课程目的 我们探讨外语教育首先要明确教育、教学和课程的基本含义和相互关系。广义的教育指以影响人的身心发展为直接目的的社会活动,狭义的教育指由专职人员和专门机构进行的学校教育。可以说,教育随社会的产生而产生,是作为个体的人与社会发展必不可少的手段,为一切社会所必需,又随社会的进步而发展;受社会政治、经济、文化等方面的制约,也对社会整体及其诸多方面产生影响;教育还受制于个体的身心发展规律;社会主义社会的教育是建设社会主义和促进个人全面发展强有力的工具。教学指学校工作中由教师的教和学生的学共同组成的活通过教;是学校的中心工作,是学校进行智育、德育、美育和体育的主要途径,动．学,学生在教师有目的、有计划和有组织的指导下,积极、主动地掌握系统的文化、科学、技术等各类知识和技能,发展智力和体力、独立学习和创造的能力,陶冶性情和审美情趣,形成良好的思想品德(辞海编辑委员会,1999:4176、4177)。教育本身就包括教学,而外语教育可以解释为与外语相关的一切社会和教学活动,其中始终渗透着中外文化价值观的学习和民族身份感的树立。在实践中,外语教育和外语教学经常被混用,因为这两个概念的内涵不同,就容易在教育目的和教学目的理解和解读方面出现误解和误读。关于课程和教学的概念,张传燧和纪国和
active voice 主动语态，passive voice被动语态， absolute construction独立结构， adjective 形容词，adverd 副词，noun名词， verb动词， artical冠词， determiner限定词，quantifier量词，numeral数词， subject主语， object宾语，adverbial状语，attributive定语，complement补语，predicative表语，appositive同位语，infinitive不定式, -ing participle-ing分词, -Ed participle -ed分词，finite clause 限定从属分句，non-finitive clause非限定分句,inversion倒装，adverbial clause状语从句，subject clause主语从句，relative clause/attributive clause定语（关系）从句，从句也可以用clause as subject/object/来表示主语从句、宾语从句 时态：tense语态：voice单数：singular form复数：plural form 主谓一致：agreement of subject and verb 定语从句：attributive clause 名词性从句： noun clause 状语从句：adverbial clause 虚拟语气：subjunctive mood 冠词：article代词：pronoun形容词和副词：adjective & adverb 动词和动词词组：verbs & verb phrase 非谓语动词：Non-Predicate Verbs / Non-Finite verbs