托福综合写作模版文件管理序列号：[K8UY-K9IO69-O6M243-OL889-F88688]
The reading passage explores the issue of… The professor’s lecture deals with the same issue. However, he/she thinks that…, which contradicts what the reading states. And in the lecture, he/she uses three specific points to support his/her idea.
First, even though the reading passage suggests that…, the professor argues in the lecture that … This is because…, which means… Obviously, the prof essor’s argument disproves
its counterpart in the reading.
Moreover, despite the statement in the reading that…, the professor contends that… Then he/she supports this point with the fact that… In other words,…
Finally, the professor asserts that… whereas the author of the reading claims that… The professor proves that this claim is indefensible by pointing out that…
In conclusion, the professor clearly identifies the weaknesses in the reading passage and convincingly shows that the central argument in the reading,… is incorrect.
分析：
第一段： The reading passage explores the issue of 此处转述总的讨论话题，例如090403的综合写作the reason why the Hohokam people from North America disappeared in X unexpectedly, 语法上
需要填写名词，名词短语或者how/what/whether/why引导的从句。The professor’s lecture deals with the same issue. However, he/she thinks that这里填入教授对这个话题的总的论述点，再次说090403的例子，那就是Hohokam人突然消失的原因是不可预见的。
第二段： First, even though the reading passage suggests that转述文章中的第一个论点，如果论点后面有解释或支持的句子也可以转述在这里。e professor argues in the lecture that听力材料中教授的第一个论点，This is because教授对这个论点的解释，which means对支持点的进一步描述，如果听的没有那么详细的话可以把前半句转述一下，就是换一种方式描述一下。第四段： The professor proves
that this claim is indefensible by
pointing out that教授的第三个论点的解释，如果听的详细的话肯定还可以延伸两句，如果实在没有的话也可以省略，字数到这里就已经差不多了。
替换词：
Explores: analyzes, examines, deals with, is concerned with, is about, focuses on, concentrates on, investigates
Issue: subject, topic
Professor: lecture, speaker, instructor, the presenter Lecture: speech, talk, the listening passage, the presentation Deals with: analyzes, examines, explores, is concerned with, is about, focuses on, concentrates on, investigates
However: But/Yet/Even so,/Despite that,
Thinks: believes, argues, asserts, claims, contends, maintains, insists, states, indicates Contradicts: challenges, directly contradicts, clashes with, conflicts with, denies, opposes, is opposed to, runs counter to, is exactly the opposite of, is precisely the opposite of, make… seem weak, makes…seem incorrect, makes…seem dubious, makes…seem doubtful, raises doubt s about, puts…in doubt, throws…into doubt
States: 同thinks
Use three specific points: makes three specific points, uses ample evidence, offers plenty of evidence, presents sufficient evidence, provides some compelling arguments, shows enough evidence/reveals three pieces of evidence
Support: confirm/back/back
up/buttress/strengthen/bolster/advocate
Idea: view, opinion, viewpoint, point of view, understanding, perspective, conception, notion, belief, position
First: first of all, to begin with, to start with, to start off with, in the first place
Even though: although, while, whereas
Because: due to(注意这个后面要跟名词而不是从句)
Which means: which suggests that/and this means that/--that is to say, /in other words, /specifically. (用后面两个的话要注意断句，前面的一句应该改成句号)
Obviously: apparently, evidently, clearly(还有很多，但是这三个已经够大家换的了)
Disprove: 同contradict
Moreover: second,…/also,…/in the second place,…/…as
well./…, too./further,…/furthermore,…/aside from…/apart from…/in addition to…/besides…
Contrary to: in opposition to, in sharp contrast to, in stark contrast to, in marked contrast to, in noticeable contrast to, despite, in spite of
Contends: 同thinks
Finally: third,../lastly, …/ additionally,/in addition…Asserts: 同thinks
Whereas: while/in contrast/even though/although
Proves: shows, confirm, verifies
Indefensible: very weak, specious, spurious
In conclusion: in summary/to sum up/in the final analysis/based on
the arguments offered above/hence/thus/therefore
Clearly: precisely, exactly, correctly (切记不要再用obviously
了)
Identifies: finds, determines, pinpoints, ascertains, discovers, discerns
Weaknesses: flaws, weak links
Convincingly: compellingly, forcefully, successfully, impressively
Show: prove, reveal
Central argument: fundamental argument, main idea, main argument, main point
Incorrect: inaccurate, wrong, indefensible, inadequate specious at best, unconvincing
A1 But such shortcomings pale into significance when set
against the magnitude of his overall achievement/ the great benefits it will bring to us – a plunge in road accidents and less pollution.
A2 Something is a mixed blessing
A3 Throw the baby out with the bathwater
A4 Even in the ship’s bowels, the strongest odor is not the
fuel oil used to power the engine but the coffee used to power the engineers.
A5
The conclusion of the author’s argument in the reading passage is that. The professor’s lecture concentrates on the same issue. However, he/she indicates that…, which contradicts what the author states. And in the lecture, he/she provides some compelling arguments to buttress his/her idea.
To begin with, while the reading passage suggests that…, the professor argues that …Obviously, the professor’s argument changes its counterpart in the reading.
Next, despite the statement in the reading that…, the professor contends that…In other words,…
Finally, whereas the author of the reading claims that… The professor shows that this claim is specious by pointing out that…
In sum, the professor clearly identifies the weaknesses in the reading passage and convincingly shows that the main idea in the reading,… is unsound.
托福英语独立写作模板指导 很多学习者翻开作文书籍，就如同想打开一本武功秘籍，只希望看到5个字母trick(技巧) 。技巧固然十分重要，但在应试准备中，常常需要70%的基础和30%的技巧。这里要提醒大家的是，不可高估技巧的作用，犹如在武打片中，要想得到某某宝典和剑法，是需要付出惨痛的代价的。 如何运用托福英语写作模板 1. 熟悉和理解4大评分标准是高分关键 评分标准1：effectively addresses the writing topic and task. 要求考生有效地阐明主题，考生千万不要跑题。从笔者的教学经验看，考生全部跑题现象较少，但是局部跑题现象十分严重，这也是考生不能轻取高分的缘故。 评分标准2：well organized and well developed 逻辑条理清楚，发展充分。每次作者在讲写作时总是把它和阅读相对照。各位考生要想拿到独立写作满分必须真正理解八股文的结构，千万不要写中国式的八股文，而应写出美式八股文。 评分标准3：uses specific details and examples to support you view 考生的论据一定要具体、明确，且对论点有支持作用，而不能空洞和泛泛而谈。 评分标准4：displays language facility by demonstrating syntactic variety, word choice and idiom.(通过谴词造句和习惯表达来展示语言的熟练程度) 这一点是各位考生经常忽视,迷惘和不清楚的一点。新托福作文占总分120分的30分。我们对大家的要求是在作文上花的时间既要少又要拿高分，至少28分。凡是想拿到28分甚至满分
托福综合写作模板：写作经典句式 Both the lecture and the reading discussed …. However, their viewpoints are strongly contradictory for several reasons. First, the reading points out that …, but the lecturer supposes that …. And he also argues that …, thus… Moreover, the author holds that ... The lecturer, however, believes that…. Since it is …, …. Besides, the professor also refutes the idea that ... from the passage. He provides us with the instance/reason that.... In sum, according to the discussion above, the speaker totally disagrees with the conclusions revealed in the reading passage. Frequently Used Sentences 1 We are so development-oriented that we almost can sacrifice moral values for the purpose of obtaining a little material gain. 2 It is often reported in our daily newspapers that university undergraduates commit crimes, XXX from XXX University, is a case in point. 3 According to the latest paper published by the Chinese Academy of Social Science, the number of smoking people is increasing at an accelerating speed (alarming rate), especially in China.
托福综合写作7范文托福作文的综合写作应该写托福作文写作应该分为三个层次，也就是我们确定中心思想后应该找三个理由来支持。托福写作还有一个五段论，第一段为中心思想，二三四为支持段落，第五段总结观点。这个就是所谓的八股文。但是形式不能太明显，在表达中多加入自己的思想，八股文的形式会隐晦一些。一般这种写作可以助你在托福作文中取得高分。 构建综合写作整体，你可以从以下这几个方面入手：第一，将听力及阅读中的核心观点提炼出来，并指明对应的两个观点是支持还是对立；第二，分为几个段落，分别从不同角度总结出两个观点的论据。最后，重申主要论证观点并注意切忌掺加个人观点。听力结束后，考生还会有时间回看阅读文章，所以不用完整记忆阅读文章的论点和论据，记下核心即可。 有问题，可以再问我。 我觉得 ___老师讲的不太对，我自己本身也在 ___培训过，感觉他们讲的方法都是很过时的方法，不太适用于新托福的考试。下面是我自己考了四次托福的感想： 2、其实考试的时候，观点找错的情况似乎不太会发生。。。因为阅读里面都有提示了啊。。。一般不会弄错的，所以不用担心，
重点是细节不要搞错，要挺清楚细节说了那几点，尽量不要落下那个点，细节齐全 3、写得时候模板适当用用，但是表全部都用，那样文章就有点僵硬了，你自己读着通顺就好啊。 4、文章内部用词要有多样性，要适当地用一些高级的词汇，如重要的这个意思，你不要只用important, 这样显得你不认识多少单词，可以用significant, vital, essential, of great importance, core, 这种意思相近的单词或者是意群来表达，这样他们就认为你词汇量大了。 5、写综合写作最能体现你的词汇量和句型的多边性，所以不要直接照抄听力或者是阅读的内容，这样就表现不出你自己了，多看看新概念4里面的表达方法，哪些句型神马的都很好，对考试很有用！！！ 6、模板没有对错之分，你自己需要好一个模板，然后自己用自己弄出来的，这样比较好，不过这种东西都差不多，重点还是看个人的表达神马的，还有词汇量什么的。
托福综合写作模板的开头段是怎么样的呢?怎么样的开头段可以提高你的托福作文质量。这里小编为大家整理了托福写作开头段的句式和模板分享，希望对大家托福考试有帮助。 托福综合写作模板：开头段写作句式 开头 An increasing number of people begin to realize/ complain/ question that... OR: The majority of people tend to have a favorable/ an unfavorable attitude towards something OR: XXX has now caused wide public concern OR: When it comes to... people often consider... The thing is, which XXX, A or B, (is a more efficient mean of learning/ what do we mean by)? People may give various answers to this question. OR：Ask people… and they may give a diverse of answers based on their individual value systems Some believe that… while others/ some claim… On balance, my favor goes to A.... 托福综合写作模板：开头段写作模板(一) In this argument, the arguer concludes that ______. To support the conclusion, the arguer points out that______. In addition, the arguer reasons that_____.This argument suffers from several critical fallacies. In this argument, the arguer recommends that_____.To justify this claim, the arguer provides the evidence that ____. In addition, he cites the result of a recent study that _____. A careful examination of this argument would reveal how groundless the conclusion is. In this analysis, the arguer claims that ____. To substantiate the conclusion, the arguer cites the example that____. In addition, the arguer assumes that ____. This argument is unconvincing for several critical flaws.
考场上面通常我们脑子会很紧张很乱，很难在短时间之内想到好的综合写作的好的模板，包括转折句，开头结尾，递进等等之类的东西，这会耽误我们很多时间，更重要的是用平凡普通的词汇句子也会影响整体分数。以下这个模板是我在一边作文书上找到的，非常非常 好用，大家可以选一篇机经里的综合写作试试看，制定出一个适合自 己的模板，然后熟记，在考场上可以节省很多时间，同时，对字数和分数的提高也很有帮助。LZ就是靠这个模板在124的考试里在结尾没写完的情况下依旧writing部分28分，虽然没有牛到30分，但是对于上一次只有17分的我来说着实提高了很多。希望这个模板可以帮助正在努力攻克托福的你，good luck! 红色的字体是可以替换的部分。 The reading passage explores the issue of …The professo' s lecture deals with the same issue?However, he/she thinks that ?…, which contradicts what the reading states And in the lecture, he/she uses three specific poin to support his/her idea. First, even though the reading passage suggeststhat …,the professor argues in the lecture that …This is because…,which means …Obviously, the professor ' argument disproves its counterpart in the reading. Moreover, despite the statement in the reading that …,the professorcontendsthat …Then he/she supports this point with the fact that …In other words,
01 题目 阅读下面的材料，根据要求写作。 一项关于大学生就业意向的调查中，认为影响大学生就业的因素主要有以下几个：学校知名度，专业知识，实践能力，工作经验，社会关系，沟通表达能力，学科优势，外表形象。 请从中选择两三个关键词来呈现你对这个问题的认识。要求选好关键词，使之形成有机的关联；选好角度，明确文体，自拟标题；不要套作，不得抄袭；不少于 800 字。 02 高分作文 就业要自身硬 当代大学生是很幸运的，因为他们面临的是百年以来最好的机遇，中国将在他们这一代成为富强的世界大国，因此有更广阔的天地让他们施展抱负。但在历史机遇的同时，当代大学生也面临前所未有的挑战；每个大学生都将面对越来越快的社会发展所带来的竞争压力。竞争，推动了社会的发展，展示了社会的活力；竞争就是优胜劣汰。面对就业竞争，大学生何以应对？何以立足？唯有自身的素质和过硬的本领为你说明一切。 眼下，“就业难”已是不争的事实；但“就业难”又是相对的。据国家权威部门统计公布，我国经济正处于快速上升的发展阶段，每年可增加就业岗位壹仟万个，特别是高技能型实用人才十分缺乏。在这个职业大市场中，大学毕业生无疑是最优秀的群体。我们有理由相信：每一位毕业生只要转变就业观念，凭借自己的学识和素质，一定能尽快地求得一份相对满意的工作。
面对就业形势和就业市场，大学毕业生不能“等、靠、要”，更不要指望天上会掉馅饼。要以积极态度，树立市场经济观念，不断提高自己的竞争意识和综合竞争能力。 我们主张毕业生“先就业后择业”，十分看重走出校门的必要磨炼；从人才的发展和成才规律来看，任何事业有成的人无一不是从基层、从工作第一线摸爬滚打成长起来的。而好高骛远，眼高手低、华而不实只能是一事无成。作为高校在校生或即将走出校门的毕业生，要认清就业的大众化和市场化，要强化自身的素质，要明明白白知道用人单位选用什么样的人才。用人单位的用人原则通常是：挑选最能胜任本工作岗位的人选。具体的讲：有学识有才干有素质，敬岗敬业，吃苦耐劳，有团队合作精神和开拓进取精神。其次对文明礼貌、气质和语言表达、沟通能力等也很讲究。这就要求毕业生既要有扎实的专业知识，又要有实践技能，更要有很高的个人素质。 另外，大学生就业中的沟通能力也很重要。沟通能力已经成为21世纪人才竞争的重要指标之一。沟通能力涉及到大学生学习与生活的各个方面，在当今独生子女越来越多、社会竞争及社会压力越来越大的背景下，沟通能力已经成为每个社会成员生存、生活和发展过程中越来越重要的素质，这不仅关系到个人的发展，而且对社会的发展与进步也有重要影响。加强大学生沟通能力培养，不仅可为其顺利完成学业创造良好的学习、生活环境，而且可为其毕业后尽快顺利融入社会打下坚实的基础，这也是大学生健康成才最基本的条件和未来事业成功的必备素质。 海阔凭鱼跃，天高任鸟飞，走出校门的学子都是时代的弄潮儿，愿他们在工作和社会实践中图变化、谋发展，实现自己的人生价值。 03 详解 本题考查学生任务驱动型作文的写作能力。
托福综合作文写作万能模板 一，对立类（就一个事物判断是与否agree or disagree） 1,开头（给出A B C三个方案） A方案.(GM) With the development/introduction…, xxx, the xxx, are more and more +adj/ become adj increasingly. Xxx often face the dilemma of whether to vt …… with all aspects carefully considered, I believe that……/ I think to vt what would be a better choice. B方案． 在日常生活中，有很多值得我们去推敲判断的问题。就像我们看到上文作者提出的问题时，你会如何认为？（有的人认为……；也有的人认为……；）就我的来说，如下的考虑方向使得我认为……。 In daily life /during our life, so many problems are worth considering carefully. As what has been come up with, when you face/when it comes to /there is a public debate today that/recently the problem has been brought into focus that… ……what is your choice and what is your opinion? Some hold the view that/some think………..while the others believe that………. However, with all aspects carefully considered, I believe that…………… 零碎的句子：A is a common way of ….., but is it a wise one？Some people hold the different view…… C方案. (excellent) 如果发现能够用到反问排比就这样套句,前提是你的例子充足多，头脑风暴用的又好又快。
2016年最新托福综合写作大全：巧用模板句式 To implement模板 or not? 很多考生在备考写作单项时遵循的是以下的思路： 首先，找到大量的模板句型，组成自己的模板框架。 其次，将中文思路整理出来，再生硬地将中式思维翻译成英文的句子。 最后，将翻译后的句子和自己的模板揉在一起，完成写作。 那么这样做的结果是什么呢——托福考官会毫不犹豫地将你的作文划分到最低档，也就是说你只能得到一个limited的分数。原因其一是因为考官认为你有抄袭的嫌疑，这是绝对不允许的；其二是考官会认为你不具备英文表达的能力，只会生硬地堆砌一些固化老套的模板。 那么托福写作到底用不用模板呢？蒋老师给大家的答案是：YES！很多学生在这个时候又会疑惑了：刚才还不让用模板呢，这个时候怎么又可以了呢？别急，我们继续往下看。 考过托福的同学都熟知，托福写作需要大家完成两篇文章。第一篇是综合写作，第二篇是独立写作。相对来说，综合写作难度更大。综合写作的难度无外乎以下三点：首先，它需要学生在有限的时间内完成阅读和听力两个任务；其次，它要求学生快速抓住阅读和听力材料的核心，然后写出一篇符合评分标准的作文；最后，在写作的过程中考[微博]生需要客观作答，不要加入任何的个人感情在作文中。 综合写作的客观性和明清时期的科举考试十分相似，所以我们也需要在托福考试时写“八股文”。八股文章就四书五经取题，内容必须用古人的语气，绝对不允许自由发挥，而句子的长短，字的繁简、声调高低等也都要相对恒温，字数也有严格限制。在某种程度上说，这正好符合托福综合写作的要求——在考试时使用即定的模板句型进行写作。不过，在套用模板的过程中也要做到灵活运用，同时做到以下几点。 第一，在备考初期，考生可以挑选5-8个模板，并且开始背诵这些模板，背之前要确保模板句型中的语法、单词拼写准确。第二，背熟模板后要开始大量的练习，同时参照范文来分析自己的作文，整理范文中优秀的短语、句型，改造和润色自己的作文。第三，有了前两个阶段的累积，考生在这一阶段要完成至少15篇以上的作文。 高分学员备考案例回顾 致赢托福一对一的学员张同学(女)正是应用了以上方法，在写作单项上取得了重大突破。上课前，她表示自己前两次的托福写作都是20分，具体分数给出的是fair，但是自己也不知道如何去突破这个瓶颈。在上写作诊断课的过程中，老师发现她综合写作的问题有二，一是文章的字数不够，尤其是在紧张的考试氛围下更达不到目标字数；二是即使听懂了阅读和听力中的要点，但是两者之间的关系没有表达出来。 在找到了张同学综合写作的问题之后，蒋老师给她定制了专属的课程。首先老师给她提供了以下四段式公式： ? The reading and the listening have opposite views on 阅读听力共同话题. Thereading agrees 阅读立场while the listening provides
托福写作的评分标准 The TOEFL test uses automated scoring to complement human scoring for the two tasks in the Writing section. Combining human judgment for content and meaning, and automated scoring for linguistic features, ensures consistent, quality scores. 由此可见，TOEFL的综合写作以及独立写作评分同时使用机器自动评分和人工评分，其中，人工评分看的是文章的内容和意义，而机器 评分看的是文章的语言特征。之所以采取两种评分方式，是为了保证 评分的一致性和质量。 那么我们来看看辛勤劳作的机器是怎么工作的吧： (一)审查语言特征 从ETS官网的描述中能够看出托福写作会有机器专门来看文章的 语言，而机器看语言跟人工看语言是有区别的。人在看文章语言的时 候多半还是以印象为主，而不会去细致数每一个单词，也不会去计算 文章有多少个句子。但如果是机器评分，机器能够更精确地计算出文 本中的语言特征。来看看ETS官网对机器评分具体会看的语言特征的 描述： The e-rater engine predicts essay scores based on features related to writing quality, including： errors in grammar (e.g., subject-verb agreement) usage (e.g., preposition selection) mechanics (e.g., capitalization) style (e.g., repetitious word use) discourse structure (e.g., presence of a thesis statement, main points)
托福综合写作万能模板：IBT综合写作模板 In this listening material, the professor made several points about ____________. First of all / Moreover / Furthermore, the professor states / claims / argues / discusses / mentions / talks / indicates / says / contends / raises the issue / demonstrates / makes the point / holds / believes / shows that __________________, while the reading passage (反对)contradicts / departs from / refutes / disagrees with / opposes to the writer’s expectation / casts doubt on / presents a (totally) different idea / jeopardizes / differs from / on the contrary / makes the explanation seem less likely / in contrast /(支持)supports / illustrates / strengthens / agrees with / bolsters / (perfectly) reinforces / presents the same view that ____________.
托福综合写作模板 红色字体的单词或词组标识该部分有可替换的词汇总结在同义词替换文档里， 大家可以比照着修改做出属于自己的个性化模板 开头段 The reading passage explores the issue of 。 . The professor ' s lecture deals with the same issue. However, he/she （请注意你必须根据说 话人的声音在这两个代词中间选择一个，而且也正是因为上一句里出现了所指的人， 这里才可以使用人称代词，否则语法就不正确了） thinks that （这里填入教授关 于讨论话题的总论点） , which contradicts what the reading states. And in the lecture, he/she （这里当然也只能选择一个代词） uses three specific points to support his/her （仍然只能选一个） idea. 主体段 1 First, even though the reading passage suggests that （此处转述阅读段 落中的第一个分论点，后面如果还跟有支持的句子也不妨从阅读段落里再转述一两 句支持句过来，拿分啊） , the professor argues in the lecture that （教授的 第一个反驳分论点） ., This is because （转述教授第一个分论点后面的支持句） which means （最好能在深入写半句教授对其第一个分论点的支持句，但如果实在 写不出来了，就把前半句再转述一下） obviously, the professor 's argument disproves （V. 证明。。。。不正确，学术写作中的常见词，不过生活里不太常 用） its counterpart （对应物，这里就是指阅读中的第一个分论点） in the reading. 主体段 2 Moreover, despite the statement in the reading that （转述阅读段子里 的第二个分论点，如果后面还能从段子里转述过来一两句引申最好） , the professor contends that （转述教授的第二个反驳分论点） Then he/she The professor proves that this claim is indefensible by pointing out that （教授第三个分论点的支持句）一i.e., …（如果这里能再引申1~2句就非 常棒了，但实在填不出那就结束，应该字数也够了） 结尾段（也可以选择不写） In conclusion, the professor clearly identifies （ V. 确定） the weaknesses （n. 弱点） in the reading passage and convincingly shows that supports this point with the fact that In other words, （继续转述） 主体段 3 Finally, the professor asserts that the author of the 教授对其第二个分论点的支持句） （转述第三个反驳分论点） whereas 转述阅读文章作者的第三个分论点）
综合写作模板： According to the lecture and passage, there is a conflict of practices/hypothesis/opinions about whether the four-day working practice would benefit the economy, companies and employees. In the reading, the author points out three major aspects to support benefits brought by this new working practice, which, however, is refuted by the following lecture. First of all, contrary to the perspective in the reading, the professor assumes this shorter working practice would not increase profits of company,which totally disagrees with the statement in the reading. The evidence from the professor is that the four-day working practice would allow companies to spend much more money than before; specifically, hiring more employees w ill cost greater volume of money for training,medical benefits, which would be same no matter employees working for four or five days. What is more, the company would also spend more money on the more office space and computers. Thus, the counter-evidence proposed by the professor would totally refute the statement in the reading. In addition, unlike the statement in the reading, the speaker in the lecture believes the four-day working style, to large extent, cannot reduce the unemployment rate, which is fully contradictive in the reading passage. It is because the professor argues that hiring new employees would be very costly, more important, the company holds other options such as working overtime to make up the difference. Worse,the company would even raise their working expectation to ask their four-day employees to do the work as the same amount they used to do in five days.As a result, there is no additional job position to be created and the current working mood would be unpleasan t. Consequently, the statement in reading is totally challenged by the lecture. Lastly, different from the perspective in the reading passage, the professor also asserts that the quality of employees’ life would not be improved due to the shorter working practice, which contradicts the view in the reading. It is due to the fact from the lecture that the four-day workweek may undermine the job stability and harm the development of caree r. To demonstrate that, those employees would lose their jobs during the economic downturn, and can be ignored by the promotion which is given to employees with five working days. Thus, the point of view in the passage cannot be persuasive due to the evidence stated in the listening. In conclusion, based on the discussion in the lecture, it is very clearly to say that the professor makes the persuasive argument toward this issue to totally challenge ideas in the passage with many inaccuracies.
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO2综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。 托福TPO2综合写作阅读原文文本： First of all, a group of people has a wider range of knowledge，expertise, and skills than any single individual is likely to possess. Also, because of the numbers of people involved and the greater resources they possess, a group can work more quickly in response to the task assigned to it and can come up with highly creative solutions to problems and issues. Sometimes these creative solutions come about because a group is more likely to make risky decisions that an individual might not undertake. This is because the group spreads responsibility for a decision to all the members and thus no single individual can be held accountable if the decision turns out to be wrong. Taking part in a group process can be very rewarding for members of the team. Team members who have a voice in making a decision will no doubt feel better about carrying out the work that is entailed by the decision than they might doing work that is imposed on them by others. Also, the individual team member has a much better chance to “shine”, to get his or her contributions and ideas not only recognized but recognized as highly significant, because a team’s overall results can be more far-reaching and have greater impact than what might have otherwise been possible for the person to accomplish or contribute working alone. 托福TPO2综合写作听力原文文本： Now I want to tell you about what one company found when it decided that it would turn over some of its new projects to teams of people, and make the team responsible for planning the projects and getting the work done. After about six months, the company took a look at how well the teams performed. On virtually every team, some members got almost a "free ride" ... they didn't contribute much at all, but if their team did a good job, they nevertheless benefited from the recognition the team got. And what about group members who worked especially well and who provided a lot of insight on problems and issues? Well ... the recognition for a job well done went to the group as a whole, no names were named. So it won't surprise you to learn that when the real contributors were asked how they felt about the group process, their attitude was just the opposite of what the reading predicts. Another finding was that some projects just didn't move very quickly. Why? Because it took so long to reach consensus; it took many, many meetings to build the agreement among group members about how they would move the project along. On the other hand, there were other instances where one or two people managed to become very influential over what their group did. Sometimes when those influencers said "That will never work" about an idea the group was developing, the idea was quickly dropped instead of being further discussed. And then there was another occasion when a couple
托福TPO4综合写作阅读+听力原文+满分范文 【雷哥托福整理】 在备考托福写作的过程中，总是将托福的独立作文放在了第一位，但是实际上，综合作文也是占到了作文总分30分里面的50%的分值，不要等到分数出来了，才发现其实是综合作文的limited或者fair极大的影响了自己的分数。 考过的同学会发现托福综合作文分数不高，很大程度上是受我们听力实力的影响，我们很多托福考生的听力分数只有16分上下的时候，对于托福综合作文的听力妥妥的是束手无策，而且很多托福考生还感觉自己都听懂了，那也只能说明你听懂了大意，但是听力里面要的是每一个细节！请注意，是每一个细节！ 雷哥托福小托君给大家分享TPO1-33综合作文部分的阅读和听力文本全集与综合作文的满分作文，以及满分作文的解析。如果自己的托福综合作文分数如果可以很给力的话，就已经搞定了15分的分数，可以极大地缓解托福独立作文的压力。如何使用这个文件呢？ TPO4 综合写作听力+阅读原文 Reading Endotherms are animals such as modern birds and mammals that keep their body temperatures constant. For instance, humans are endotherms and maintain an internal temperature of 37°C, no matter whether the environment is warm or cold. Because dinosaurs were reptiles, and modern reptiles are not endotherms, it was long assumed that dinosaurs were not endotherms. However, dinosaurs differ in many ways from modem reptiles, and there is now considerable evidence that dinosaurs were, in fact, endotherms. Polar dinosaurs One reason for believing that dinosaurs were endotherms is that dinosaur fossils have been discovered in Polar Regions. Only animals that can maintain a temperature well