with 的用法
with的用法（伴随一般被视为累赘）
1.独立主格，表示伴随，所以必须修饰主谓宾结构，而非主系表结构。
独立主格三种形式：
1)一般形式（独立部分与主句部分无太多关联）n.+n.，n.+V-ed/v-ing，n.+介词短语/形容词短语
2)with形式（与主句主语有紧密的逻辑关系）：with+宾语+宾补，如：with+n.+v-ed/v-ing/介词短语/形容词短语
3)each形式（必须前面有复数名词）：each+v-ed/v-ing，each+介词短语/形容词短语，each+n.+介词短语
*：with型独立主格在GMAT中常常被判累赘。
With引导独立主格结构有修饰歧义--放在中间可修饰前者也可修饰后者。
Eg. 关于夹心修饰(by aeoluseros)：
所以歧义修饰，是因为引发了不同的理解，而并不是语法上是否会有不同的修饰，所谓夹心修饰也是这个原则。很多人对“夹心修饰”都有过一个误解，认为S, v-ing, V. + O.结构中，v-ing既可以往前修饰S，也可以往后修饰V就是夹心，而实际上夹心并不是“可以往前修饰S，也可以往后修饰V” 。在S, v-ing, V. + O.这样的表达中，v-ing约定俗成只伴随修饰动词，见下例：
prep 2-104 The yield per acre of coffee berries varies enormously, because a single tree, depending on its size and on climate and altitude, is able to produce enough berries to make between one and twelve pounds of dried beans a year.
这个句子里depending不能改为dependent，因为depending和dependent的区别在于，前者伴随修饰谓语动词is able to produce，后者则是修饰名词single tree，会造成逻辑上不对——“一棵树依靠它的size”。
with独立主格结构：
由“with ＋宾语＋宾补”构成的复合结构，在句中可作状语，表示伴随。这一结构中的宾语补足语可由现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词或介词短语等来充当：Visitors to the park have often looked into the leafy canopy and seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging like socks on a clothesline.
Q16: PP73.
With no natural predators and expanses of green suburban neighborhoods that allow no hunting, wildlife officials estimate the New Jersey deer population to have grown to exceed 175,000
A.With no natural predators and expanses of green suburban neighborhoods that allow no
hunting, wildlife officials estimate the New Jersey deer population to have
B.With no natural predators and with expanses of green suburban neighborhoods that do not
allow hunting, wildlife officials' estimate of the deer population in New Jersey has
C.With no natural predators and with expanses of green suburban neighborhoods where
there is no hunting, the deer population in New Jersey, wildlife officials estimate, has
D.Without natural predators and no hunting allowed in expanse of green suburban
neighborhoods, New Jersey has a deer population that wildlife officials estimate to have
E.Without natural predators and with expanses of green neighborhoods where there is no
hunting, wildlife officials in New Jersey estimate a deer population that has
170. (GWD21-Q12)
Birds known as honeyguides exhibit a unique pattern of behavior: the bird leads another animal, such as a honey-badger or a human, to a bees’ nest with their chattering when they fly ahead; after the larger animal takes honey, the bird eats the wax and bee larvae.
A.with their chattering when they fly
B.with chattering and its flying
C.by chattering as it flies
D.by chattering and its flying
E.by chattering as they are flying
题目释义：the bird leads sth , , to a bees’ nest by chattering as it flies
主语是the bird，谓语动词lead sth to some place, by+分词结构为方式状语，as引导时间状语从句。
考点：
指代一致，逻辑表达
1.with和by的区别：
(1) 做某事时通过什么方法或手段用by：do something by (doing) something。
(2) 表示使用有形工具时，通常用with来表示：write with a pen, see with naked eyes,
strike with a hammar
(3) 作”用”讲时，by和with的区别在于：with表示行为动作的工具，后面的名词一般
要有冠词；by表示动作的手段，后面的名词一律不用冠词。
2.as和when引导的时间状语含义不同：
(1)as表示"当……时""一面……一面"，"随着"。具体用法如下：
1）表示"当……时"、"和……同时"。常指从句的动作未结束，主句中的动作就已发生。从句中多用表示动作的动词，而不用be动词或表示感觉、
理解、知道这类动词。
e.g. As he stood there, he saw two men enter the bar.
She dropped the glass as she stood up.
2）用于平行的动作中，表示"一面……一面……"。常指一个主语同时进行两个动作。
e.g. The students took notes as they listened.
3）用于平行发展的结构中，表示"随着……"。常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果，或一种状态随另一种状态变化。句中的动词多表示状态的发
展变化。
e.g. As the wind rose the noise increased.
As it grew darker it became colder.
As he grew older he became more confident.
(2)when表示“当……的时候”。从句中既可用延续性动词，又可用非延续性动词，
这些动词既可以表示动作，又可表示状态。从句中的动作既可和主句的动作同
时发生，又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生。
When I came into the room, I found him lying there asleep. <表示动作，主从
动作同时发生>
Mary was having dinner when I saw her. <表示动作，主从动作同时发生>
When you meet a word you don't know, consult the dictionary. <表示动作，
从句动作在前>
She was beautiful when she was a girl. <表示状态>
*：所以，when引导的仅仅是最单纯的时间状语，在要表示伴随含义的时候，
用as比用when更为合适。
选项分析:
(A)they以及their和前面未划线的the bird指代不一致，应为单数it；通过某某方法要用
by，而不是with；when引导的时间状语从句没有伴随的含义，应该用as更好。(B)通过某某方式要用by，而不是with；chattering and its flying不平行；时间状语改为
平行结构少了伴随、同时发生的含义。
(C)Correct，这里as是“一面飞一面喋喋”，上面谈到的as引导时间状语时的第2中用法。
(D)chattering and its flying不平行；时间状语改为平行结构少了伴随、同时发生的含
义。
(E)the bird应为单数，指代词要用it。
175. (GWD-9-Q3)
Because of wireless service costs plummeting in the last year, and as mobile phones are increasingly common, many people now using their mobile phones to make calls across a wide region at night and on weekends, when numerous wireless companies provide unlimited airtime for a relatively small monthly fee.
A.Because of wireless service costs plummeting in the last year, and as mobile
phones are increasingly common, many people
B.As the cost of wireless service plummeted in the last year and as mobile phones
became increasingly common, many people
C.In the last year, with the cost of wireless service plummeting, and mobile phones
have become increasingly common, there are many people
D.With the cost of wireless service plummeting in the last year and mobile phones
becoming increasingly common, many people are
E.While the cost of wireless service has plummeted in the last year and mobile
phones are increasingly common, many people are
题目释义：With …., many people are now using…..,when
With引导独立主格结构作原因状语，主语many people,谓语use的进行时
态,when引导时间状语修饰谓语动词。
考点：
题目释义
1）在主从复杂句子中要注意主句和从句的主谓结构是否齐全，常见的错误选项是缺少主句谓语。
选项分析:
(A) and前后的分句结构都不完整；because of和as不平行对称；because of后面核心词
只有costs，无法表达出完整含义，awkward。
(B) 缺少主谓成分，句子结构不完整；in the last year通常与现在完成时搭配；未划线
部分的provide用的是一般现在时，则as mobile phones became increasingly common中，became应该用一般现在时；两个as引导的原因状语从句并列
(C) and前后成分不平行；and后面句子run-on的错误；此处there be句型不及主谓结构
更有效，wordy；in the last year提前，从仅修饰the cost of wireless service plummeted变为修饰整句话，造成逻辑错误
(D) Correct；with可以表示原因，与as含义相似(见补充说明)；注意become和
increasingly并不重复，increasingly只是表达了more and more的含义，become与more常搭配使用
(E) while引导的从句要与主句发生在同一时间，可是wireless service has plummeted与
主句不是同一时间发生的，用while错误，而且用as表示原因或伴随更为合适
补充说明：
1. with是有"因为"的意思：(the following explanations are from Longman dictionary)
释义: because of a situation that exists:
With John away there's more room in the house.
短语: with something doing something
I can't do my homework with all this noise going on.
2. 注意in last与in the last的区别：
e.g. : Did you see the game on TV last night? 昨天晚上
e.g. : Interest in golf has grown rapidly in the last ten years. 最近十年
再如大全242. Despite the recent election of a woman to the office of prime minister, the status of women in Pakistan is little changed from how it was in the last century.
(A) is little changed from how it was
(B) is a little change from how it was
(C) has changed little
(D) has changed little from how it has been
(E) is little changed from the way it was
Key：C。last 此处意思为"最近的"而不是"上一个",否则就不必用the.
英语介词用法大全 TTA standardization office【TTA 5AB- TTAK 08- TTA 2C】
介词（The Preposition）又叫做前置词，通常置于名词之前。它是一种虚词，不需要重读，在句中不单独作任何句子成分，只表示其后的名词或相当于名词的词语与其他句子成分的关系。中国学生在使用英语进行书面或口头表达时，往往会出现遗漏介词或误用介词的错误，因此各类考试语法的结构部分均有这方面的测试内容。 1. 介词的种类 英语中最常用的介词，按照不同的分类标准可分为以下几类： (1). 简单介词、复合介词和短语介词 ①.简单介词是指单一介词。如： at , in ,of ,by , about , for, from , except , since, near, with 等。②. 复合介词是指由两个简单介词组成的介词。如： Inside, outside , onto, into , throughout, without , as to as for , unpon, except for 等。 ③. 短语介词是指由短语构成的介词。如： In front of , by means o f, on behalf of, in spite of , by way of , in favor of , in regard to 等。 (2). 按词义分类 {1} 表地点（包括动向）的介词。如： About ,above, across, after, along , among, around , at, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, between , beyond ,by, down, from, in, into , near, off, on, over, through, throught, to, towards,, under, up, unpon, with, within , without 等。 {2} 表时间的介词。如： About, after, around , as , at, before , behind , between , by, during, for, from, in, into, of, on, over, past, since, through, throughout, till(until) , to, towards , within 等。 {3} 表除去的介词。如： beside , but, except等。 {4} 表比较的介词。如： As, like, above, over等。 {5} 表反对的介词。如： againt ,with 等。 {6} 表原因、目的的介词。如： for, with, from 等。 {7} 表结果的介词。如： to, with , without 等。 {8} 表手段、方式的介词。如： by, in ,with 等。 {9} 表所属的介词。如： of , with 等。 {10} 表条件的介词。如：
With的用法全解 with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 一、 with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词； 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词； 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语； 4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式； 5. with或without-名词/代词 +分词。 下面分别举例： 1、 She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语）
2、 With the meal over ， we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语） 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。） The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语）He could not finish it without me to help him.（without+代词 +不定式，作条件状语） 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语） Without anything left in the with结构是许多英 语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 二、with结构的用法 with是介词，其意义颇多，一时难掌握。为帮助大家理清头绪，以教材中的句子为例，进行分类，并配以简单的解释。在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件（详见上述例句）。 1.带着，牵着…… (表动作特征)。如： Run with the kite like this.
with的用法大全----四级专项训练with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 一、 with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词; 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词; 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语; 4. with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式; 5. with或without-名词/代词+分词。 下面分别举例：
1、 She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.(with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语) 2、 With the meal over ， we all went home.(with+名词+副词，作时间状语) 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。(with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。) The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.(with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语) He could not finish it without me to help him.(without+代词 +不定式，作条件状语) 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.(with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语) 6、Without anything left in the cupboard， she went out to get something to eat.(without+代词+过去分词，作为原因状语) 二、with结构的用法 在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件(详见上述例句)。
with用法归纳 （1）“用……”表示使用工具，手段等。例如： ①We can walk with our legs and feet. 我们用腿脚行走。 ②He writes with a pencil. 他用铅笔写。 （2）“和……在一起”，表示伴随。例如： ①Can you go to a movie with me? 你能和我一起去看电影'>电影吗？ ②He often goes to the library with Jenny. 他常和詹妮一起去图书馆。 （3）“与……”。例如： I’d like to have a talk with you. 我很想和你说句话。 （4）“关于，对于”，表示一种关系或适应范围。例如： What’s wrong with your watch? 你的手表怎么了？ （5）“带有，具有”。例如： ①He’s a tall kid with short hair. 他是个长着一头短发的高个子小孩。 ②They have no money with them. 他们没带钱。 （6）“在……方面”。例如： Kate helps me with my English. 凯特帮我学英语。 （7）“随着，与……同时”。例如： With these words, he left the room. 说完这些话，他离开了房间。 [解题过程] with结构也称为with复合结构。是由with+复合宾语组成。常在句中做状语，表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等。其构成有下列几种情形： 1.with+名词(或代词)+现在分词 此时，现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系。 例如:1)With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries. 由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。（原因状语） 2)With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace. 在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。（伴随情况） 2.with+名词(或代词)+过去分词 此时，过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系。
with用法小结 一、with表拥有某物 Mary married a man with a lot of money . 马莉嫁给了一个有着很多钱的男人。 I often dream of a big house with a nice garden . 我经常梦想有一个带花园的大房子。 The old man lived with a little dog on the lonely island . 这个老人和一条小狗住在荒岛上。 二、with表用某种工具或手段 I cut the apple with a sharp knife . 我用一把锋利的刀削平果。 Tom drew the picture with a pencil . 汤母用铅笔画画。 三、with表人与人之间的协同关系 make friends with sb talk with sb quarrel with sb struggle with sb fight with sb play with sb work with sb cooperate with sb I have been friends with Tom for ten years since we worked with each other, and I have never quarreled with him . 自从我们一起工作以来，我和汤姆已经是十年的朋友了，我们从没有吵过架。 四、with 表原因或理由 John was in bed with high fever . 约翰因发烧卧床。 He jumped up with joy . 他因高兴跳起来。 Father is often excited with wine . 父亲常因白酒变的兴奋。 五、with 表“带来”，或“带有,具有”，在…身上，在…身边之意
介词with的用法大全 With是个介词，基本的意思是“用”，但它也可以协助构成一个极为多采多姿的句型，在句子中起两种作用；副词与形容词。 with在下列结构中起副词作用： 1.“with+宾语+现在分词或短语”，如： (1) This article deals with common social ills, with particular attention being paid to vandalism. 2.“with+宾语+过去分词或短语”，如： (2) With different techniques used, different results can be obtained. (3) The TV mechanic entered the factory with tools carried in both hands. 3.“with+宾语+形容词或短语”，如： (4) With so much water vapour present in the room, some iron-made utensils have become rusty easily. (5) Every night, Helen sleeps with all the windows open. 4.“with+宾语＋介词短语”，如： (6) With the school badge on his shirt, he looks all the more serious. (7) With the security guard near the gate no bad character could do any thing illegal. 5.“with+宾语＋副词虚词”，如： (8) You cannot leave the machine there with electric power on. (9) How can you lock the door with your guests in? 上面五种“with”结构的副词功能，相当普遍，尤其是在科技英语中。 接着谈“with”结构的形容词功能，有下列五种： 一、“with+宾语+现在分词或短语”，如： (10) The body with a constant force acting on it. moves at constant pace. (11) Can you see the huge box with a long handle attaching to it ? 二、“with+宾语+过去分词或短语” (12) Throw away the container with its cover sealed. (13) Atoms with the outer layer filled with electrons do not form compounds. 三、“with+宾语+形容词或短语”，如： (14) Put the documents in the filing container with all the drawers open.
介词“with”的用法 1、同, 与, 和, 跟 talk with a friend 与朋友谈话 learn farming with an old peasant 跟老农学习种田 fight [quarrel, argue] with sb. 跟某人打架 [争吵, 辩论] [说明表示动作的词, 表示伴随]随着, 和...同时 change with the temperature 随着温度而变化 increase with years 逐年增加 be up with the dawn 黎明即起 W-these words he left the room. 他说完这些话便离开了房间。2 2、表示使用的工具, 手段 defend the motherland with one s life 用生命保卫祖国 dig with a pick 用镐挖掘 cut meat with a knife 用刀割肉3
3、说明名词, 表示事物的附属部分或所具有的性质]具有; 带有; 加上; 包括...在内 tea with sugar 加糖的茶水 a country with a long history 历史悠久的国家4 4、表示一致]在...一边, 与...一致; 拥护, 有利于 vote with sb. 投票赞成某人 with的复合结构作独立主格,表示伴随情况时，既可用分词的独立结构，也可用with的复合结构： with +名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语。例如： He stood there, his hand raised. = He stood there, with his hand raise.他举手着站在那儿。 典型例题 The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied 答案D. with +名词(代词)+分词+介词短语结构。当分词表示伴随状况时，其主语常常用
with[wIT] prep.1.与…(在)一起，带着：Come with me. 跟我一起来吧。/ I went on holiday with my friend. 我跟我朋友一起去度假。/ Do you want to walk home with me? 你愿意和我一道走回家吗 2.(表带有或拥有)有…的，持有，随身带着：I have no money with me. 我没有带钱。/ He is a man with a hot temper. 他是一个脾气暴躁的人。/ We bought a house with a garden. 我们买了一座带花园的房子。/ China is a very large country with a long history. 中国是一个具有历史悠久的大国。3.(表方式、手段或工具)以，用：He caught the ball with his left hand. 他用左手接球。/ She wrote the letter with a pencil. 她用铅笔写那封信。4.(表材料或内容)以，用：Fill the glass with wine. 把杯子装满酒。/ The road is paved with stones. 这条路用石头铺砌。5.(表状态)在…的情况下，…地：He can read French with ease. 他能轻易地读法文。/ I finished my homework though with difficulty. 虽然有困难，我还是做完了功课。6.(表让步)尽管，虽然：With all his money, he is unhappy. 尽管他有钱，他并不快乐。/ With all his efforts, he lost the match. 虽然尽了全力，他还是输了那场比赛。7.(表条件)若是，如果：With your permission, I’ll go. 如蒙你同意我就去。8.(表原因或理由)因为，由于：He is tired with work. 他工作做累了。/ At the news we all jumped with joy. 听到这消息我们都高兴得跳了起来。9.(表时间)当…的时候，在…之后：With that remark, he left. 他说了那话就离开了。/ With daylight I hurried there to see what had happened. 天一亮我就去那儿看发生了什么事。10. (表同时或随同)与…一起，随着：The girl seemed to be growing prettier with each day. 那女孩好像长得一天比一天漂亮。11.(表伴随或附带情况)同时：I slept with the window open. 我开着窗户睡觉。/ Don’t speak with your mouth full. 不要满嘴巴食物说话。12.赞成，同意：I am with you there. 在那点上我同你意见一致。13.由…照看，交…管理，把…放在某处：I left a message for you with your secretary. 我给你留了个信儿交给你的秘书了。/ The keys are with reception. 钥匙放在接待处。14 (表连同或包含)连用，包含：The meal with wine came to ￡8 each. 那顿饭连酒每人8英镑。/ With preparation and marking a teacher works 12 hours a day. 一位老师连备课带批改作业每天工作12小时。15. (表对象或关系)对，关于，就…而言，对…来说：He is pleased with his new house. 他对他的新房子很满意。/ The teacher was very angry with him. 老师对他很生气。/ It’s the same with us students. 我们学生也是这样。16.(表对立或敌对)跟，以…为对手：The dog was fighting with the cat. 狗在同猫打架。/ He’s always arguing with his brother. 他老是跟他弟弟争论。17.(在祈使句中与副词连用)：Away with him! 带他走！/ Off with your clothes! 脱掉衣服！/ Down with your money! 交出钱来！ 【用法】1.表示方式、手段或工具等时(=以，用)，注意不要受汉语意思的影响而用错搭配，如“用英语”习惯上用in English，而不是with English。2.与某些抽象名词连用时，其作用相当于一个副词：with care=carefully 认真地/ with kindness=kindly 亲切地/ with joy=joyfully 高兴地/ with anger=angrily 生气地/ with sorrow=sorrowfully 悲伤地/ with ease=easily 容易地/ with delight=delightedly 高兴地/ with great fluency =very fluently 很流利地3.表示条件时，根据情况可与虚拟语气连用：With more money I would be able to buy it. 要是钱多一点，我就买得起了。/ With better equipment, we could have finished the job even sooner. 要是设备好些，我们完成这项工作还要快些。4.比较with 和as：两者均可表示“随着”，但前者是介词，后者是连词：He will improve as he grows older. 随着年龄的增长，他会进步的。/ People’s ideas change with the change of the times. 时代变了，人们的观念也会变化。5.介词with和to 均可表示“对”，但各自的搭配不同，注意不要受汉语意思的影响而用错，如在kind, polite, rude, good, married等形容词后通常不接介词with而接to。6.复合结构“with+宾语+宾语补足语”是一个很有用的结构，它在句中主要用作状语，表示伴随、原因、时间、条件、方式等；其中的宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式、介词短语等：I went out with the windows open. 我外出时没有关窗户。/ He stood before his teacher with his head down. 他低着头站在老师面前。/ He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 他和衣躺在床上。/ He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl. 他去世时，女儿还是个小学生。/ The old man sat there with a basket beside her. 老人坐在那儿，身边放着一个篮子。/ He fell asleep with the lamp burning. 他没熄灯就睡着了。/ He sat there with his eyes closed. 他闭目坐在那儿。/ I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. 要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。这类结构也常用于名词后作定语：The boy with nothing on is her son. 没穿衣服的这个男孩子是她儿子。 （摘自《英语常用词多用途词典》金盾出版社） - 1 -
with复合结构 一. with复合结构的常见形式 1.“with+名词/代词+介词短语”。 The man was walking on the street, with a book under his arm. 那人在街上走着，腋下夹着一本书。 2. “with+名词/代词+形容词”。 With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it’ll rain presently. 天气这么闷热，十之八九要下雨。 3. “with+名词/代词+副词”。 The square looks more beautiful than even with all the light on. 所有的灯亮起来，广场看起来更美。 4. “with+名词/代词+名词”。 He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul. 他走了，妻子十分伤心。 5. “with+名词/代词+done”。此结构过去分词和宾语是被动关系，表示动作已经完成。 With this problem solved, neomycin 1 is now in regular production. 随着这个问题的解决，新霉素一号现在已经正式产生。 6. “with+名词/代词+-ing分词”。此结构强调名词是-ing分词的动作的发出者或某动作、状态正在进行。 He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him. 全班同学看着他，他感到更不自然了。 7. “with+宾语+to do”。此结构中，不定式和宾语是被动关系，表示尚未发生的动作。 So in the afternoon, with nothing to do, I went on a round of the bookshops. 由于下午无事可做，我就去书店转了转。 二. with复合结构的句法功能 1. with 复合结构，在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常做伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。With machinery to do all the work, they will soon have got in the crops. 由于所有的工作都是由机器进行，他们将很快收完庄稼。（原因状语） The boy always sleeps with his head on the arm. 这个孩子总是头枕着胳膊睡觉。（伴随状语）The soldier had him stand with his back to his father. 士兵要他背对着他父亲站着。（方式状语）With spring coming on, trees turn green. 春天到了，树变绿了。（时间状语） 2. with 复合结构可以作定语 Anyone with its eyes in his head can see it’s exactly like a rope. 任何一个头上长着眼睛的人都能看出它完全像一条绳子。 【高考链接】 1. ___two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.（04北京） A. With B. Besides C. As for D. Because of 【解析】A。“with+宾语+不定式”作状语，表示原因。 2. It was a pity that the great writer died, ______his works unfinished. (04福建) A. for B. with C. from D.of 【解析】B。“with+宾语+过去分词”在句中作状语，表示状态。 3._____production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year. (NMET) A. As B.For C. With D.Through 【解析】C。“with+宾语+副词”在句中作状语，表示程度。
英语介词with的用法 with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 一、 with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词； 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词； 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语； 4. with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式； 5. with或without-名词/代词+分词。 下面分别举例： 1、 She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语） 2、 With the meal over ， we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语） 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。） The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语） He could not finish it without me to help him.（without+代词 +不定式，作条件状语） 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语） 6、Without anything left in the cupboard， she went out to get something to eat.（without+代词+过去分词，作为原因状语）
介詞with用法詳解 是一個十分有用的介詞，其用法也比較複雜，以下用法值得注意： 1. 表示方式、手段或工具等時（=以，用），注意不要受漢語意思的影響而用錯搭配，如「用英語」習慣上用in English，而不是with English。 2. 與某些抽像名詞連用時，其作用相當於一個副詞。如： with care=carefully 認真地 with kindness=kindly 親切地 with joy=joyfully 高興地 with anger=angrily 生氣地 with sorrow=sorrowfully 悲傷地 with ease=easily 容易地 with delight=delightedly 高興地 with great fluency =very fluently 很流利地 3. 表示條件時，根據情況可與虛擬語氣連用。如： With more money I would be able to buy it. 要是錢多一點，我就買得起了。 With better equipment, we could have finished the job even sooner. 要是設備好些，我們完成這項工作還要快些。 4. 比較with和as：兩者均可表示「隨著」，但前者是介詞，後接名詞或代詞；後者是連詞，用於引導一個句子。比較： He will improve as he grows older. 隨著年齡的增長，他會進步的。
People’s ideas change with the change of the times. 時代變了，人們的觀念也會變化。 5. 復合結構「with+賓語+賓語補足語」是一個很有用的結構，它在句中主要用作狀語，表示伴隨、原因、時間、條件、方式等；其中的賓語補足語可以是名詞、形容詞、副詞、現在分詞、過去分詞、不定式、介詞短語等。如： (1) with+賓語+形容詞 He often sleeps with the windows open. 他常開著窗睡覺。 Don’t speak with your mouth full. 不要滿嘴巴食物說話。 (2) with+賓語+ 副詞 He stood before his teacher with his head down. 他低著頭站在老師面前。 He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 他和衣躺在床上。 (3) with +賓語+ 介詞短語 She said good-bye with tears in her eyes. 她含著眼淚說了聲再見。 The man was asleep with his head on his arms. 這個人頭枕著胳膊睡著了。 (4) with+賓語+現在分詞 He fell asleep with the lamp burning. 他沒熄燈就睡著了。 I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill. 因為媽媽有病, 我無 法去度假。 (5) with +賓語+ 過去分詞 He sat there with his eyes closed. 他閉目坐在那兒。 All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. 整個下午他都鎖著門在房裡
with在下列结构中起副词作用： 1."with+宾语+现在分词或短语"，如： 2."with+宾语+过去分词或短语"，如： （2）With different techniques used，different results can be obtained. （3）The TV mechanic entered the factory with tools carried in both hands. 3."with+宾语+形容词或短语"，如： （5）Every night，Helen sleeps with all the windows open. 4."with+宾语＋介词短语"，如： （6）With the school badge on his shirt，he looks all the more serious. （7）Withesecurityguardnearthegatenobadcharactercoulddoanythingillegal. 5."with+宾语＋副词虚词"，如： （8）You cannot leave the machine there with electric power on. （9）How can you lock the door with your guests in？ 上面五种"with"结构的副词功能，相当普遍，尤其是在科技英语中。 接着谈"with"结构的形容词功能，有下列五种： 一、"with+宾语+现在分词或短语"，如： （10）The body with a constant force acting on it. moves at constant pace. （11）Can you see the huge box with a long handle attaching to it？二、"with+宾语+过去分词或短语" （12）Throw away the container with its cover sealed.
介词with的用法 1.表示人与人的协同关系，意为“一起”“和” go with 与..一起去 play with 与...一起玩 live with 与...一起住/生活 work with 与...一起工作 make friends with 与....交朋友 talk with sb = talk to sb fight with 与...打架/战斗 cooperate with 与...一起合作 2.表示“带有”“拥有” tea with honey 加蜂蜜的茶 a man with a lot of money 一个有很多钱的人 a house with a big garden 一个带有大花园的房子 a chair with three legs 一张三条腿的椅子 a girl with golden hair 金发的女孩 3.表示“用”某种工具或手段 write with a pencil 用铅笔写字 cut the apple with a knife 用刀切苹果 4.表示“在...身边”“在...身上” I don’t have any money with me. 我身上没带钱。 Take an umbrella with you in case it rains 带把伞以防下雨。 5.表示“在...之下” With the help of sb = with one’s help 在某人的帮助下 6.表示“随着” with the development of ... 随着...的发展 float with the wind 随风飘动
7.常见带有with的动词短语 agree with sb/sth 同意某人或某事deal with sth = do with sth 处理某事 help sb with sth 在...上帮助某人 fall in love with sb/sth 爱上某人/某物 get on with sb 与某人相处 get on well with sb 与某人相处得好 have nothing to do with sb 与某人无关compare A with B 将A和B作比较communicate with sb 与某人交流 argue with sb = quarrel with sb 与某人吵架Have fun with sth 玩的开心 Get away with sth 做坏事不受惩罚 Chat with sb 跟某人闲谈 Charge sb with sth 指控某人。。。 Put up with sth 忍受 8.常见带with的形容词固定搭配 be satisfied with 对...满意 be content with sth 对...满足 be angry with sb 生某人的气 be strict with sb 对某人严格 be patient with sb 对某人有耐心 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎 be filled with sth 装满... 充满..... = be full of sth What’s wrong/the matter with sb/sth be familiar with sb/sth 熟悉某人或某物 be connected with sb/sth 与....有关 Be decorated with 被。。。装饰 Be impressed with/by
1．具有；带有having;carrying Soon he came to a river with a wooden bridge over it. 不久，他来到了架有木头桥的河边。 China is a country with a long history. 中国是一个历史悠久的国家。 The girl with long hair is my sister.那个留长发的姑娘是我妹妹 注意：with ,about ,和in均可表示特征和属性. With表示属于人和物的显著特点;about表示附属于人或物不可捉摸的的特点; In表示附属与人或物的内部固有特点. His uncle is an old man with a red nose.它的叔叔是位红鼻子老人。 There is a certain charm about that man.那个人有某种魅力。 There is something strange in him.他身上有点奇怪的地方。 2．用；使用（工具、手段等）word that shows what you are using He was writing with a pencil. 他在用铅笔写字。 The streets are paved with stone. 街道铺了石子。 He was killed with a knife =Someone killed him with a knife.有人用刀杀了他. He was killed by a falling rock.=A falling rock killed him.他被落石砸死了. The tops of the mountains are covered with snow. 山顶上覆盖着白雪。 注意：(1). “With+东西”表示行为的主体通常是人把该物体当作工具来使用 “by+东西”表示并非“人”而是该“东西”才是行为的主体 He was killed with a knife =Someone killed him with a knife.有人用刀杀了他. He was killed by a falling rock.=A falling rock killed him.他被落石砸死了. (2).with跟使用的工具；In跟使用的材料。同时使用工具和材料使用with.