考研英译汉试题中常见的短语及句型
1 as引导的特殊状语从句，翻译时作定语从句处理
例1 We hope the measures to control prices, as they have been taken by the government, will succeed.
译文：我们希望，政府已经采取的控制物价的措施将取得成功。
例2 "In short, a leader of the new school contends, the scientific revolution, as we call it, was largel y the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions."
［译文］：新学派的一位领袖人物坚持说："总之，我们所称之为的科学革命，主要是指一系列器具的改进、发明和使用。这些改进、发明和使用使科学发展的范围无所不及。"
2 anything but根本不；nothing but只不过是；all but几乎，差一点；除……以外其余都是；but for要不是；but that +从句：若不是……
例1 Alone in a deserted house, he was so busy with his research work that he felt anything but lonely.
［译文］：虽然他单独一人住在这幢房子里，但他埋头于研究工作，一点也没有感到孤独。
［注释］：句中anything but意为not at all。试对此：He seldom talked of anything but painting.(他除了绘画很少谈到别的事情。)此句中but作介词，意为except。
例2 The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of wo rking of the human mind; it is simply the mode by which all phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanation.
［译文］：科学研究的方法不过是人类思维活动的必要表达方式，也就是对一切现象进行思索并给以精确而严谨的解释的表达方式。
例3 She all but fainted when she heard the news.
［译文］：她听到这一消息时几乎晕倒了。
［注释］：此句中all but意为nearly, almost。试对比：All but the little children thought that the trip was exciting. (除了小孩，大家都认为这次旅行是激动人心的。)此句中all but意为all except。
例4 But for the rain we should have a pleasant journey.
［译文］：要不是下雨，我们的旅行本来是很愉快的。
例5 He would have helped us but that he was short of money at the time.
［译文］：若不是他那时缺钱，他是会帮助我们的。
［注释］：1) but that引导的从句中谓语用陈述语气。2) but that有灵活的译法，如：Nothing would satisfy that child but that I place her on my lap. (那孩子什么都不要，只要我把她抱在怀里。)
3 "名词，+ or +名词"结构中or后的名词是同位语，应译为"即……；或者称……"。
例：Moreover, technology includes techniques, or ways to do things, as well as the machines that ma y or may not be necessary to apply them.
［译文］：再者，除机器外技术还包括技艺，即制作方法，而运用这些技艺并不一定都需要机器。
4 "...，only to +动词"意为"……，结果却……"
例：They don't have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema or the opera, only to disco ver, perhaps, that the show is disappointing.
［译文］：他们不必花钱去戏院、电影院或歌剧院买价格很贵的戏票，结果却发现，所演的节目令人失望。
［注释］："...，only to +动词"表示与句子谓语动作的目的相反的结果。
5 not nearly (=by no means, far from)远不
例：The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this, which means that we are headings intosa crisis in the matter of producing and marketing food.
［译文］：食品供应将远远赶不上人口的增长，这就意味着我们在粮食的生产和购销方面正面临危机。
［注释］：1) this是指上面提到的"到21世纪初世界人口将增加到60亿或70亿"。2)又例：There are not nearly enough people here to do the job. (这里的人手远远不够承担这项工作。)
6 not so much ... as ...与其说……不如说……
例1 Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genuis as b ecause of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools.
［译文］：他们说，科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见，不如说源于改进了的技术和工具等更为普通的东西。
例2 The conveniences that Americans desire reflect not so much a leisurely lifestyle as busy lifestyle in which even minutes of time are too valuable to be wasted.
［译文］：美国人所需要的各种便利条件与其说是反映一种从容不迫的生活方式，还不如说反映一种忙碌的生活方式。在这种忙碌的生活方式中甚至几分钟时间都得珍惜。
［注释］：1) not so much as连在一起写，则意为"连……都不(肯)"，如：He didn't so much as thank me for returning his money that I found. (DAI)(我把找到的钱还给他，他却连谢都不肯谢。) 2)该句型有时也可以用not so much ... but ...如：The important thing is not so much the actual population of the world, but its rate of increase.(重要的与其说是世界的实际人口量，还不如说是人口的增长率。)又如：But whether their efforts can be mo re effective than those of the traditional politician may depend not so much on the present day workin g scientists, but on the scientists now being trained, i.e. -you.(但是，他们的努力是否能比传统的政治家的努力更有成效，与其说是取决于现在正在工作的科学家，倒不如说取决于正在被培训的科学家，也就是你们。) 3)要注意"not so mu ch ... but ..."与"not so +形容词+ but +从句"之间的区别，后者意为"虽然……但是……"，例如：The bridge was not so crowded but the bicycles could go through. (这桥上虽然很拥挤，但是自行车还能穿过去。)
7 much less, still less引导的词组或从句，表示一种追加的否定。less是由little的否定意义而来的，所以这两个词组只能用于否定句中，意为"更不用说、更不必说"。to say nothing of, not to speak of ,not to mention, let alone这四个词组意为"更不消说"，也是一种追补的说法。但它们与much less和still less有所不同，这些词组可以随前一句的意思而定。前一句是肯定，则追加的也是肯定意义。如果前一句是否定，则追加的也是否定意义。
例1 I could not agree to, much less participate in such proceedings. (我不能同意这种行为，更谈不上参加这些行动了。)
例2 He knows little of mathematics, and still less of chemistry. (他几乎不懂数学，更不用说化学了。)例3 I did not even see him, still less(=much less) shake hands with him. (我看也没有看见过他，哪里还谈得上同他握手呢?)
例4 In old China, there was hardly any machine building industry, to say nothing of an electronic i ndustry. (在旧中国，几乎没有什么机器制造工业，更不用说电子工业了。)
例5 Sally takes singing and dancing lessons, to say nothing of swimming and tennis lessons. (莎莉学了唱歌和舞蹈课，而且还学了游泳和网球课。)
例6 At that time they could not afford the ordinary comforts of life, not to speak of luxuries. (那时他连普通生活都不能维持，更不要说奢侈品了。)
例7 They have three fine sons, not to speak of their two lovely daughters. (他们有了3个好儿子，而且还有2个可爱的女儿。)
例8 I don't know algebra or geometry, not to mention calculus. (我连代数几何都不懂，更不必说微积分了。)例9 All they have to do is press a button, and they can see plays, films, operas and shows of every kind, not to mention political discussions and the latest exciting football match.(他们所要做的只是按一下电钮，就能看到各种戏剧、电影、歌剧和各式各样的演出，而且还能看到各种政治辩论和最近举行的激动人心的足球赛。)例10 I can't add two and two, let alone do fractions.(我2加2都不会，更不用说做分数题了。)注意：〈美国成语词典〉认为let alone只能用于追加的否定。但是，有的词典认为，该短语也可以引导追加的肯定。例如：There were f ive people in the car, let alone the luggage and the two dogs. (OSD)
8 no more ... than ...和……一样都不……
例1 The heart is no more intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain.
［译文］：心脏和胃一样都无智力可言，因为它们都是由大脑控制的。
例2 There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, any more than they can limit how much water you drink.
［译文］：他们没有理由限制你服用多少维他命，就像他们不能限制你喝多少水一样。
例3 More and more Afro Americans see him as a tricky enemy who has no more love for them tha n he has for the Congolese.
［译文］：越来越多的美国黑人认识到他是个诡计多端的敌人，他仇视美国黑人，正像他仇视刚果人民一样。(直译：……，他不爱美国黑人，正像他不爱刚果人一样。)
［注释］：not any more than是no more…than的一种强调形式，例如：1) Jack is no more intelligent than John.(=Jack is not intelligent any more than John.)杰克与约翰一样都不聪明。2) A man can no more fly than
a bird can speak. (=A man cannot fly any more than a bird can speak.)人不会飞翔，就像鸟不会说话一样。3) As a nation, the French are no more eager to learn about their wartime failings than are the Japanese. (=As a nation, the French are not eager to learn about their wartime failings any more than are the Jap anese.)作为一个国家，法国正如日本一样不积极地从他们的战争失败中吸取教训。
上述例句表明，no more ... than并不表示比较，而是表示比喻，含有比喻意义的比较级用于否定时，than后面的从句不用否定式，但译成汉语时要用否定式。
9 more ... than ...与其……不如……
例1 It seems, then, that these two branches of science are mutually dependent and interacting, and that the so called division between the pure scientist and the applied scientist is more apparent than real.
［译文］：看来，这两门科学是互相依存又互相制约的，因而理论科学家和应用科学家之间的所谓区别，与其说是实际存在的，不如说是表面的。
例2 He is a man who is more brave than wise.
［译文］：他是个有勇无谋的人。
［注释］：1) more ... than常用来比较同一个人或同一个事物的两种不同特征。又如：He is more mad than stup id. (DCE)他与其说是笨，不如说是疯。2) more than +从句(句中有can或could)实在不能……。例如：Some of the s uggestions are more than we can accept.有些建议我们实在不能接受。3) (be) more of a ... than a ...与其说是……不如说是……，如：He is more of a politician than a scholar.与其说他是个学者，不如说是个政客。
10 no less than简直是，实在是
例1 It is no less than blackmail to ask such a high price. ［译文］：如此索要高价，简直是敲诈。
例2 It is no less than a scandal.［译文］：这实在是一件丑闻。
11 nothing else than完全是，实在是
例1 What the man said was nothing else than nonsense.［译文］：那人讲的话完全是一派胡言。
例2 Your success was due to nothing else than your own diligence.［译文］：你的成功完全是由于你自己的勤奋。
12 It is not that ... but that ...这不是说……，而是说……
例：It is not that the scales in the one case, and the balance in the other, differ in the principles of t heir construction or manner of working;but that the latter is much finer apparatus and of course much more accurate in its measurement than the former.
［译文］：这并不是说在一种情况下所使用的磅秤和在另一种情况下所使用的天平在构造原理上或工作方式上存在差别，而是说与前者相比，后者是一种更精密得多的装置，因而在计量上必然更加准确。
13 cannot ... too ...再……也不过分，应该
例1 We cannot be too faithful to our duties.［译文］：我们必须尽力忠于职守。
例2. You can't attach too much importance to the matter.［译文］：你应该十分重视这件事情。
14 other ...than或other than不同于，非；除了
例1 Plants which refine crude ores are often located in countries other than those in which the crude ores are mined.(1984年考研试题)
［译文］：提炼矿石的厂房通常不是设在采矿石的国家而设在其他国家。
例2 Reactions other than the desired one often occur when reactants are brought together.
［译文］：当这些反应物放在一起时，常发生不希望有的一些反应(即：……常发生与希望有的反应不同的反应。)
例3 All parts of the house other than the windows were in good condition.
［译文］：除了窗之外，屋子的其他部分都完好无损。
15 "... the last + N. + to V.或定语从句"意为"……最不可能的……"
例1 She would be the last person to go along with the scheme. ［译文］：他可能会是最不同意这项计划的人。
例2 That't the last thing I'd expect you to do.［译文］：那是我最不期望你做的事情。
16 It is asserted that ...有人断言……；It is believed that……据认为……；It is considered that ...有人认为……；It is reported that ...据报道……；It is said that ...据说……；It is supposed that ...据推测；It is told t hat ...据传……。
翻译训练 考查词组和句型在具体语境中的运用能力。这类考题所涉及的主要搭配有： be good at （在……方面好，善于） be filled with （充满……） be angry with （对某人发脾气） be pleased with （对……感到满意） be afraid of （害怕） be full of （充满……） be proud of （以……自豪） be interested in （对……感兴趣） be excited about （对……感到兴奋） be late for（……迟到） be kind to（对某人亲切） be bad for（对……有害处） stop…（from）doing sth （阻止……做某事） spend…（in）doing sth（花费时间或金钱做某事） help…doing…（帮助某人做某事） not…until…（直到……才……） so…that…（如此……以致……） such…that…（如此……以致……） too…to… （太……而不能……） prefer doing A to doing B=prefer to do A rather than do B（宁愿做A事而不愿做B事）find it +形容词+to do sth（觉得做某事是……的） It's time to do sth（是做某事的时候了） let's…（我们做……吧）等等 1.接不定式作宾语的常用动词: afford to do sth. 担负得起做某事 agree to do sth. 赞同做某事 arrange to do sth.布置做某事 ask to do sth. 要求做某事 beg to do sth. 恳求做某事 care to do sth. 想要做某事 choose to do sth. 决议做某事 decide to do sth. 决议做某事 demand to do sth. 要求做某事 determine to do sth. 决心做某事 expect to do sth. 期望做某事 fear to do sth. 惧怕做某事 help to do sth. 协助做某事 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 learn to do sth. 学习做某事 manage to do sth. 设法做某事 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某事 prepare to do sth. 预备做某事 pretend to do sth. 伪装做某事 promise to do sth. 承诺做某事 refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 want to do sth. 想要做某事 wish to do sth. 希望做某事 aim to do sth. 计划做某事 fail to do sth. 未能做某事 long to do sth. 盼望做某事
初中英语短语 1.How/What about…? 2.ask for advice征求意见 3.follow advice听从意见 4.advise sb.to do sth建议某人做某事 5.advise sb against doing sth =advise sb not to do sth建议。。不要做某事 6.advise doing sth建议做某事 7.be afraid of sth害怕；担心 8.be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事 9.after a while不久以后 10.one after another一个接一个 11.again and again再三地，反复地 12.be against the plan反对计划 13.at the age of在…岁时 14.agree on就…取得一致意见 15.agree to do sth同意做某事 16.agree with sb赞成某人的意见 17.by air/plane乘飞机 18.on the air（用无线电、电视）广播 19.at the airport在机场 20.all over到处 21.all over the country/world遍及全国/全球 22.not at all根本不，一点也不 23.read the text aloud大声朗读课文 24.speak aloud大声说 25.not only… but also不仅…而且 26.and so on等等 27.answer the question回答问题 28.take sth.in one’s arms抱着某物 29.arm in arm臂挽臂 30.join the army参军 31.arrive at/in a place到达某地 32.as…as…和…一样 33.not so/as…as不如… 34.such…as像…那样的 35.ask for sb要求见到某人/与之联系 36.ask for sth请求；向…要某物 37.ask sb.for sth.向某人要某物 38.ask sb to do sth.请某人做某事 39.fall asleep入睡 40.be asleep睡着 41.at breakfast早餐时 42.at present现在，目前 43.at (the) most至多，不超过 44.pay attention to注意 45.in autumn在秋天 46.be away from远离… 47.go/run away 走/跑开 48.lie on one’s back仰卧49.at the back of…在…后面 50.take /have a bath洗澡 51.because of因为 52.go to bed 53.make the bed铺床，整理床铺 54.as busy as a bee非常忙碌 55.before long不久 56.long before 很久以前 57.begin with…以…为开始 58.behind the times落在时代后面 59.give sb a call给某人打电话 60.a little bit cold有点儿冷 61.not a bit 一点也不 62.be blind to sth.对某事一无所知 63.be blind in one eye有只眼瞎 64.by boat坐船 65.take a boat乘船 66.be born in… 67.be born of …出身于（…的家庭） 68.borrow…from… 69.both…and… 70.break into one’s house破门而入，闯入 71.break the rule/law违反规定/法律 72.have breakfast 73.a bridge to knowledge通往知识的桥梁 74.younger brother弟弟 75.elder sister姐姐 76.build up one’s body强健身体 77.be busy doing sth. 78.be busy with sth. 79.nothing but…不过是 80.not…but…不是…而是… 81.buy sb.sth.=buy sth.for sb. 82.by bus/car/train/ship/subway 83.call at a place访问某地 84.can’t help doing sth忍不住做某事 85.care about关心，在乎 86.care for喜欢，想要 87.take care of照顾/看/料 88.be careful of sth当心… 89.be careful with sth.对…认真 90.be careful in doing sth认真/仔细做某事 91.carry out执行 92.catch fire着火 93.catch up with赶上 94.a piece of chalk一支粉笔 95.change…into…把…变成… 96.change one’s mind改变主意 97.free of charge免费 98.make a choice选择 99.have no choice but to do sth.别无选择地做
书面表达常用句型及短语 1. 学校生活及学习成绩 be absorbed in …对……入迷 bury oneself in …对……入迷 give an excellent performance before the whole class 在全班面前好好表现一番 acquire （obtain）knowledge学习知识 put one’s heart into …一心扑在……上 be interested in …对……感兴趣 be fond of …喜欢/爱好…… like chemistry best 最喜欢化学 be good at …擅长…… be poor at …不擅长…… do well in …（在考试、竞赛中）取得好成绩；干得不错 be weak in …不擅长…… make progress in …在……方面取得进步 fail in …考试不及格 be tired of …对……感到厌烦/厌倦 pass the examination 通过考试 major in history 主修历史 be getting on well with one’s stud y （某人）学业进展得很好 take several courses at school 在学校上几门课 have English （Chinese , Physics…）every （other）day每天（隔一天）上英语（中文、物理）课…… work hard at （Physics , Chemistry）…努力学习（物理、化学）… He has the best record in school. 他的学习成绩最棒。 live up to one’s hope 不辜负某人的期望 learn abo ut …学习到/知道（某学科知识）/听到，听说/获悉/了解到 succeed in …在（某方面）成功；在（做某事）上获得成功 be active in class （work）在课堂上（工作中）表现积极 take an active part in …积极参加…… learn sth . by heart 谙记某事，牢记在心 work out a （maths）problem 解决一个（数学）问题 improve oneself in …在某方面提高自己 get 90 marks for （English）（英语）考试取得90分 get an “A”in the exam在考试中得到“A” have a good command of …精通…… lay a good foundation in （language study） 在（语言学习）方面奠定一个好的基础 2. 师生关系 give sb. a passing grade 给予某人及格的分数 examine the students’ homework检查学生的作业 stand on the platform 站在讲台上 get on well with sb. 与某人相处得很好 raise a question 提问 like to be with students 喜欢与学生相处 be gentle with us 对我们很友善 be kind to sb. 对某人和蔼 be a strict teacher 是一个严厉的老师 be strict with one’s pupils 对学生要求严格 be strict in work 对工作要求严格 think of （sb. / sth.）as…把（某人或某事）当作…… help sb. with sth. 用……帮助某人
英语·七年级上册短语汇总 Starter Unit1 1.Good morning! 2.Good afternoon! 3.Good evening! 4.How are you? Starter Unit2 1.in English Starter Unit3 Unit1 1.first name https://www.doczj.com/doc/aa1843386.html,st nam e 3.middle school Unit2 1.Have a good day！ Unit3 1.pencil box 2.excuse me 3.What about…？ 4.thank you for… 5.You’re welcome. 6.ID card 7.ask…for… 8.a set of Unit4 https://www.doczj.com/doc/aa1843386.html,e on 1.tape player 2.model plane Unit5 1.soccer ball 2.let’s=let us 3.watch TV Unit6 1.think about 2.How about…? Unit7 1.How much…? 2.Can I help you? 3.Here you are. 4.a pair of Unit8 1.Happy birthday! 2.How old…? 3.See you! 4.Have a good time! Unit9 1.for sure 2. A.M.(=a.m.) 3.P.M.(=p.m.) 4.from…to…
1.Play the guitar 2.what to do sth 3.join the music club 4.speak English 5.match----with与------ 6.play chess 7.the swimming club 8.what club 9.a sports club 10.be good at telling stories 11.the story telling club 12.like to do/doing 13.let’s join 14.sounds good 15.students wanted for School Show 16.talk to/with 17.after school 18.do kung fu 19.show sb sth=show sth to sb 20.play games with people 21.be in the school music club 22.need sb to do sth 23.have fun doing 24.on the weekend 25.call sb at 26.help+sb+v 27.help sb with sth 28.English-speaking students 29.play the piano 30.tell sth stories 31.it+adj+for sb to sth 32.be good with 33.help for old people 34.make friends with 35.in July/on the morning of 36.be free/be busy 37.the Students’Sports center 38.teach sb to do sth 39.need help to teach music 40.the teacher do what he can to help students 41.play the drums 42.play the violin 第二单元词组 1.go to school 2.get up 3.get dressed 4.brush teeth 5.eat breakfast 6.take a shower 7.what time 8.at six thirty 9.an interesting job 10.at the radio station 11.always/usually/often/sometimes/ never 12.your radio show 13.from----to 14.at night 15.a funny time 16.take exercise
高中英语常用短语及句型归纳 1．高考高频动词短语 （1）act短语： act as 担任……职务，起……作用act for 代理（某人职务），代为（处理某事） act out 表演（对话、故事等）act up 捣乱，出毛病 例如： I acted as an interpreter while I was in Xiamen. Mr Black is acting for the old man in his case. (布莱克先生代那个老人处理他的案件。) The children were acting out the story of the birth of Jesus. He’s a tough kid and he acts up a lot. （2）break短语： break away 摆脱，脱离break away from …脱离……，奋力挣脱…… break down 出故障，坏掉，中止，累垮，分解 break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入break into …闯入……，破门而入 break (sth) off （使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止 break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发 break out in tears 突然大哭break the rule 违反规定 break through 突围，冲跨break up 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开 例如: The thief broke away from the police, but was later caught. If you keep on working like that, you’ll break down sooner or later. The car broke down just on my way here. If anyone tries to break in, the alarm will go off. If anyone tries to break into the building, the alarm will go off. She broke off a bit of bread and dipped it in the soup. I broke off the conversation and answered the phone. Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks out? It may take a long time to break through the problem. In spring the icebergs begin to break up. （3）bring短语： bring about 引起，导致，使发生bring along 把……带来，领来 bring back 拿回来，使恢复bring sb back 送回某人 bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒 （比较：sth / sb come back to life 复苏，苏醒） bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下 bring down / up (the price) 降价／提价[比较：(the price ) go down / up 价格下降/上涨] bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收 bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进 bring out 拿出，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出 bring to 使苏醒 bring … to use = put …to use 对……加以利用 bring / carry sth to / into effect 实施……（比较：sth come / go into effect 开始实施） bring up 抚养，培养，哺育 例如： A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the destruction of the rainforests.
英语翻译常考句型详解 1.It is not that…but that… 这不是说…，而是说… 「例文」It is not that the scales in the one case, and the balance in the other, differ in the principles of their construction or manner of working; but that the latter is much finer apparatus and of couse much more accurate in its measurement than the former. 「译文」这并不是说在一种情况下所使用的磅秤和在另一种情况下所使用的天平在构造原理上或工作方式上存在差别，而是说与前者相比，后者是一种更精密得多的装置，因而在计量上必然更加准确。 2.nothing else than 完全是，实在是 「例文」What the man said was nothing else than nonsense. 「译文」那个人讲的话完全是一派胡言。 3.as引导的特殊状语从句，翻译时做定语从句处理。 「例文」We hope the measures to control prices, as they have been taken by the government, will succeed. 「译文」我们希望，政府已经采取的控制物价的措施将取得成功。 4.名词+or+名词结构中，or后的名词是同位语，应译为即…；或者称…. 「例文」Moreover， technology includes techniques , or ways to do things , as well as the manchines that may or may not be necessary to apply them. 「译文」再者，除机器外技术还包括技艺，即制作方法，而运用这些记忆并不一定都需要机器。 5.more…than…结构有三种译法：than连接肯定形式的从句时，该从句译为否定句；在比较的基础上表示选择关系时，可译为与其说…不如说；进行同类比较时，译成比…更. 「例文」The complexity of the human situation and injustice of the social order demand far more fundamental changes in the basic structure of society itself than some politicians are willing to admit in their speeches. 「译文」人类社会形势的复杂性和社会制度的不公正性要求对社会基本结构进行彻底变革，而一些政客口头上是很不愿意承认这一点的。 「分析」这是一个主从复合句，连词than前为主句，than后为从句。虽然本句是进行程度上的比较，但从句意义是否定的， 故译成否定句。 6.no more …than 与not… any more than no more …than 与not… any more than同义，不可简单地看成是more …than的否定形式。具体地说，这一结构可能是带有一定的感情色彩的否定形式，也可能是一种较特殊的类比形式。其翻译方法有二；表示同类否定比较时，可译为不比…更或都…同样不；表示比喻关系时，可译为正如…不，…也不. 「例文」The food on the ship was no better than on any other ship on which Billy had sailed. 「译文」这条船上(供应的)食品并不如比利工作过的其他船上的(食品)好。(括号里的词是可以省略的。) 「分析」这是一个主从复合句、主句是The food …no better , than on any other ship 是省略了比较对象的比较状语从句，从句on which引导的定语从句修饰先行词ship.本句中no more… than用于同类否定的比较，可译为不如…. 7.not so much as与其说…不如说… 「例文」Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools. 「译文」新学派科学家说，科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见，不如说源于改进了的技术和工具等等更为普遍的东西。 「分析」这是一个主从复合句。插入语they say是主句，Science moves forward,……and tools是宾语从句。not so much……as 连接的是状语，as引导的状语从句中，由于上下文清楚，主谓语都省略了，即as(sciencemoves forward.)because of……not so much……as也可译为与其说……不如说……，它所表达的逻辑关系和more than有相似之处，也是在比较的基础上进行判断和选择，被比较的事物也同属一个范畴。所不同的是，more……than表示前重后轻的逻辑关系，而not so much… as和less than表示前轻后重的逻辑关系，这两个结构中信息重心落在句尾，因此不必倒过来译，只须按原文的词序顺译即可。
翻译——英译汉 英译汉部分要求翻译单句, 而不是段落或篇章。考生首先要读懂句子,了解句子的语法结构、使用的固定词组、习惯用法及词与词之间的语义关系, 然后, 再正确分析原文的语言现象和逻辑关系,进行透彻的理解, 最后, 力图用简洁明了的汉语表达出原文的意思。因此, 考生有必要掌握一些基本的翻译技巧。 一、翻译技巧一 一般的英译汉考题不会只是简单句。我们在做题时, 首先要从语法入手, 找寻和确定句子大的框架结构, 通过分析把句中的从句和插入部分先排除掉, 明确句子结构有助于我们正确理解整句话的意思。 (一)重点分析句子结构 其实, 就英语的句子结构而言, 是有规律可循的。除去省略句、倒装句、感叹句和 一些特殊句子外, 英语句子的结构可归纳为三类: 1. to be句型: 主语 + be + 表语 Miss Jones is a manager. 琼斯小姐是位经理。 2. to do句型: 主语 + do + (宾语) + (状语) He teaches English in this school. 他在这所学校教英语。 3. there be句型: There be + 主语 + 状语 There are beautiful wildflowers in the hills. 山中有美丽的野花。 (二)确定语法现象和惯用结构 英译汉考题中常见的重点语法有: 时态、语态、主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、 同位语从句、定语从句、状语从句、动词不定式、动名词、分词、虚拟语气、倒装句、强调句等。考生要非常熟悉这些语法现象, 才不至于对句子产生误解。例如: ?Anyone who is interested in it can go with us. 对这事感兴趣的人可以跟我们去。(who引导定语从句修饰主语anyone) ?The problem discussed at yesterday’s meeting is very important. 昨天会上讨论过的那个问题非常重要。(过去分词短语作后置定语修饰主语the problem) ?You could have done better if you had been more careful. 要是细心一点的话，你就会做得更好。(if 引导虚拟语气的条件状语从句) ?Hardly had I said that when she entered the room. 我刚说完，她就进来了。(倒装句, 否定词hardly位于句首, 助动词had 放在主语I之前 ) ?It was not until last night that I noticed this matter. 直到昨晚我才注意到这件事。(强调句: It was not until+强调成分+that句子其 余成分)
翻译中常见的句型 1．否定句型 1）部分否定。其否定意义只局限于整体中的一部分。其形式：“概括词all, every等+not+谓语动词”。常用于该句型词：all, both, everybody, everywhere, always, altogether, entirely, wholly等。 All is not gold that glitters. I do not wholly agree. 2) 完全否定。其形式：no, none 等否定词+肯定式谓语。常用于该句型词：no, none, nobody, nothing, nowhere, never, neither, nowhere, nowise, 等。还有一种句型：all等概括词+肯定式谓语+否定意义的词。 No words can describe the scene. 任何言词均不能描绘那景色。 All his plan came to nothing. 3)双重否定 a.主语+cannot+ help/refrain/keep + from + v-ing He could not help showing his pleasure.他不由得喜形于色。 b.主语+cannot+ but/choose but/ help but +do They can not choose but admit that they are wrong. c.(there be) not +主语+but+谓语 (There is )Nobody but has his faults. 人人都有缺点。 2．判断句型 1）强调判断句 a.主语+be+ no/none +other than/but +表语（强调内容） The tall figure that I saw was none other than our commander. b.主语+be+ nothing+(else)but/ else than/ less than+ 表语 Genius is nothing but labor and diligence.天才只不过是劳动加勤奋而已。 c.it is/was +强调部分+that/ who +从句 It is I who am to blame. 2) 正反判断句 a.主语+be +not+表语a, but +表语b What I admire in Columbus is not his discovered a world, but his having gone to search for it on the faith of an opinion. b.(it is) not… that(who) …, but…that (who) Not that we are afraid of them, but that they are afraid of us. 3)比较判断句： a.主语+be less+表语a +than表语b / more+表语b+表语a Experience shows that success is due less to abilities than to zeal. b.主语+be+表语b+ rather than+表语a He is an artist rather than a philosopher. c.主语+be+ not so much +表语a+ as+表语b It is so much advice as approval that he seeks. 他寻求的与其说是忠告，不如说是忠告。3．倍数表示句型： a.主语+be+倍数+that of 被比较对象/ as +形容词+as+被比较对象
高考英语作文常用句型及短语汇总 一、~ the + ~ est +名词+(that)+主词+ have ever + seen(known/heard/had/read，etc) ~ the most +形容词+名词+(that)+主词+ have ever + seen(known/heard/had/read，etc) 例句： Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. 海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。 Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had. 张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。 二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V Nothing is + more +形容词+ than to + V 例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有比接受教育更重要的事。 三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.(再怎么强调……的重要性也不为过。) 例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。 四、There is no denying that + S + V……(不可否认的……) 例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse. 不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。 五、It is universally acknowledged that +句子~~(全世界都知道……)
. . .. . . .. .专业 . . Unit 1 Section A 1.制作单词卡片 3.听磁带 5.看录像 7.小组学习 9.一字一字地 11.发现干sth 困难 13.学会学英语 15.他们脸上的表情 17.记笔记 19.做语法练习 21. 大声重复出来 2.读课本 4.向老师求助 6.和sb 交谈(3) 8.作报告 10.对…有耐心 12.…的秘诀 14.爱上 16.查字典 18.记句型 20.用英语写日记 22.害怕干sth(2) 23.大声读来练习发音怎么样？ 24.我用那种方法学到了很多。 25.它确实提高了我的口语技巧。 26.我认为那非常有效。 27.听懂英语口语太难了。 28.尽量通过阅读前后句来猜测单词的意思。 29.你可以通过每天阅读你喜欢的东西而变得更好。 30.你读书越多，你（读书的速度）就会越快。 31.老师讲得太快了，以至于大部分时间我听不懂她。 32.由于我糟糕的发音，我害怕问问题。 33.我也意识到我可以通过只听关键词来理解意思。
. . .. . . .. .专业 . . Section B 1.在…方面犯错误 3.做sth 的能力 5.有…共同之处 7.注意，关注 9.学习习惯 11.即使 13.独立地，单独地 2.天生具有… 4.依靠，依赖 6.对…感兴趣 8.把…和…联系起来 10.变得/感到无聊 12.紧、有压力 14.代替，而不是 15.其中有些单词我不会发音。 16.我不知道如何提高我的阅读速度。 17.我没有一起练习英语的伙伴。 18.每个人天生具有学习的能力。 19.但是你是否能把这做好取决于你的学习习惯。 20.研究表明，成功的学习者有一些共同的好习惯。 21.研究表明，如果你对某事感兴趣，你的大脑就会更活跃，你也更容易长时间关注它。 22.好的学习者常常将他们需要学习的东西与之感兴趣的东西联系起来。 23.好的学习者考虑他们擅长什么和需要多练习什么。
1.一双（条）…. 45.一个橘子 2.一双鞋子46.一只钢笔 3.一双袜子47.一只铅笔 4.一条长裤48.一只杯子 5.一条短裤49.什么颜色 6.一条裙子50.黑白相间 7.一套，一串，一副，一组51.请拼写它 8.一串钥匙52.我的名字 9.请求，恳求（给予）52.你的名字 10.我能帮你吗？53.他的名字 11.快点儿54.她的名字 12.劳驾，请原谅55。认识你很高兴 13.名字56.你好！ 14.无疑，肯定57.我的朋友 15.早上好！58.在中国 16.下午好！59.两张漂亮的照片 17.晚上好！60.在第一张照片中 18.从……到……61.在下一张照片中 19.生日快乐！62.我的狗的名字 20.（表示祝愿）过得愉快！2 63.一张…的照片 21.给你64.失物招领处 22.（询问消息或提出建议）…怎么样？…好吗？2 23.你好吗？65.电脑游戏（机）
24.（购物时）…多少钱？66.玩电脑游戏 25.…多大年纪？…几岁了？67.玩游戏 26.学生卡，身份证68.和…玩游戏 27.用英语69.和…..玩….. 28.用汉语70.学校图书馆 29.姓氏2 71.给……打电话 30.中学，初中72.给……发电子邮件 31.飞机模型73.在沙发上 32.铅笔盒，文具盒74.在椅子下 33.再见75.在桌子下 34.磁带播放机76.打篮球 35.电话号码2 77.那听起来不错 36.为…而感谢你（们）78.通过电视，在电视上 37.思考，思索，考虑79.下课后 38.看电视80.晚饭后 39.别客气，不用谢81.然（随）后，在那之后 40.一把尺子81.同一所学校 41.一副地图82.去同一所学校上学 42.一件夹克衫83.体育明星 43.一把钥匙84.运动鞋 44.一床被子85.做运动 86.饮食习惯
常见翻译句型 记完常考的重点翻译词汇，也要突击一下常考的翻译句型，连词成句，又稳拿好几分~ 常考句型1： 形式主语it句（it is...(for sb) to do/that...） 例：我们城市的多数人将享受免费医疗，这是一定的。 【参考译文】It is certain that free medical care will be given to most people in our city. 常考句型2: 存在句（there be句型） 此处的be可以根据汉语意思变化为各种形式如appear to be, seem to be, happen to be, used to be, ought to be, must be。存在句除了典型的there be结构，还可以用其他的系动词如live，stand，lie，come，exist，remain 等来替换系动词be。 例：那里曾经有来自其他国家的移民。 【参考译文】There used to be immigrants from other countries. 常考句型3：主谓宾结构句
例：中国将加速节能产业的发展，使其到2015年成为国民经济的支柱产业。 【参考译文】China will speed up the development of energy-saving industry and make it a pillar of the national economy by 2015. 常考句型4：比较句 如果汉语句中出现“（不）和/像......一样”，那么可以用同级比较句“主语+谓语+（not）so/as +形容词/副词原级+as+被比较的对象” 例：北京大学是中国成立最早、最著名的大学之一。 【参考译文】Peking University is one of the earliest and most famous universities in China. 其他常考句型 常考句型5：让步状语从句（Although... ; though...） 常考句型6：原因状语从句（...because....） 常考句型7：目的/结果状语从句（so (such)...that...；so that...） 常考句型8：条件状语从句（If...） 常考句型9：递进句（What’s more...；Moreover,...） 常考句型10：结果句（Therefore, ....；..., consequently, ...）
……………………………………………………………最新资料推荐………………………………………………… A 1. have the ability to do ... I think I have the ability to do the job well. I think I am qualified for the job. I think I am equal to the job. I think I am fit for the job. 2. be absorbed in ... / be buried in ... / be devoted to .../ be occupied in / with ... With the college examination approaching, most of the students are absorbed in their studies all day long. 3. have access to sth / doing sth All the children in remote areas can have access to better education. 4. accompany sb to sp Many parents accompany their children to school in case that / for fear that ... 5. accomplish sth We are all proud of what our motherland has accomplished in the past years. 6. be accustomed to sth / doing sth 7. achieve one’s goal Everyone can achieve his goal if he sets his mind on it. Our goal can be achieved if we set our mind on it. 8. acquire rich / abundant / advanced knowledge In order to keep pace with the competitive society, we must try our best to acquire advanced knowledge. 9. take action In order to do sth, sb should take action to do ... 10. take effective measures / steps to do ... The government should take effective measures to reduce pollution. 11. take an active part in ... We students should take an active part in after-school activities. 12. adapt (oneself) to ... Your generous help made me adapt to the new environment as quickly as possible. 13. be addicted to computer games / playing games To my disappointment / sadness, many students are addicted to computer games. 14. in addition / what’s more / besides / moreover 15. admire sb for sth We all admire you for your enthusiasm. 16. be admitted into an ideal university I want to seize every opportunity to study hard so that I can be admitted into my ideal university. 17. give me some advice on how to do ... 18. agree with ... Before I go abroad, I’m afraid that the weather there won’t agree with me. 19. aim to do ... / be aimed at ... The program aims to help the children in poor countries. The program is aimed at helping ... 20. have no alternative / choice but to do ... In order to realize our dream, we have no alternative but to work hard.