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动名词用法

动名词用法
动名词用法

★动名词口诀

动名词真正好,可作主、宾可作表;

物主名代所有格,逻主还可用宾格;

主动形式ing,被动形式being done;

句首为主,谓为单,否定直接加在前。

★口诀详解

1、动名词真正好,可作主、宾可作表

动名词,顾名思义,带有动词功能的名词,可以作主语、宾语、表语,如:Seeing is believing. (眼见为实)。在这句话中,动名词作的就是主语和表语。再比如:Jack would not mind working with female colleagues. (杰克不介意和女同事一起工作)。此时working作的就是谓语动词mind的宾语。

注意:动名词尽管不是动词,但依然保持着动词的特性。如果是及物动词转化而来的动名词,后面可以带自己的宾语,如:We often practice speaking English. (我们经常练习说英语)。

2、物主名代所有格,逻主还可用宾格

动名词前面可以加上物主代词或名词的所有格(有时可以用宾格),来表明其动作的发出者(即其逻辑上的主语),如:

I would appreciate _______ back this afternoon.

A. you to call

B. you call

C. you calling

D. you're calling

答案:选C。如果选项中出现your calling,也是可以选的。

注意:

①如果动名词的逻辑主语是无生命的名词或抽象名词,则用名词的普通格,如:

I know nothing about the window being open. 我不知道窗户开着。

②如果动名词的逻辑主语是两个或两个以上的代词,则用代词的宾格,如:

I objected to you and him going together. 我反对你和他在一起。

3、主动形式ing,被动形式being done

一般形式:I don't like you smoking. 我不喜欢你抽烟。

完成形式:I regret not having taken your advice. 我后悔没有接受你的建议。

被动形式:This question is far from being settled. 这个问题根本没有被解决。

4、句首为主,谓为单,否定直接加在前

动名词作主语时,谓语动词一律用单数,如:

Talking mends no holes. (谚) 空谈无济于事。

动名词的前面直接加上否定词就可以表达否定概念,如:

I'm sorry for not returning you the book in time. 抱歉没有及时还给你书。

★口诀补充

1、后面只能接动名词的动词(短语),可记为:compare mistake。

2、高考中重点考查的,后面既可接不定式也可接动名词,但表示含义不同的动词可记为:frogs。

这组动词(短语)后接动名词和不定式时所表示含义的不同,可以通过比较下面两个例句很清晰地看出来:

I remembered to post these letters. 我记得要去寄这些信。(寄信的动作尚未发生)

I remembered posting/having posted these letters. 我记得已经寄了这些信。(寄信的动作发生与否需要根据上下文判断)

★真题演练

1. It is difficult to imagine his ______ the decision without any consideration. (2006陕西)

A. to accept

B. accept

C. accepting

D. accepted

2. The discovery of new evidence led to ______. (2003上海)

A. the thief having caught

B. catch the thief

C. the thief being caught

D. the thief to be caught

3. ______ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin.(2002上海)

A. Exposed

B. Having exposed

C. Being exposed

D. After being exposed

4. —You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.

—Well, now I regret _________ that. (1996全国)

A. to do

B. to be doing

C. to have done

D. having done

5. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spent up to 25 hours a week ______ TV. (2004上海)

A. to watch

B. to watching

C. watching

D. watch

6. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time ______ the exam. (2004福建)

A. pass

B. to pass

C. passed

D. passing

7. She reached the top of the hill and stopped______ on a big rock by the side of the path. (1991全国)

A. to have rested

B. resting

C. to rest

D. rest

★答案及解析

1-4 CCCD5-7 CDC

1.句意:很难想像他毫不考虑就可以接受这个决定。

【分析】本题旨在考查考生imagine接动名词作宾语的固定搭配和动名词复合结构,选C。

2.句意:新证据的发现使得这个贼落网了。

【分析】Lead to中的to是介词,后面要接名词或动名词(短语)作宾语。句中theif同catch 之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,要用动名词的被动式being caught,选C。

3.句意:长时间暴露在阳光下,人的皮肤将会受伤。

【分析】本题需要填入主语,四个选项只有动名词才能作主语,同时expose与skin之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,用其被动式,选C。

4.句意:——你在会上提出了反对意见,可真够勇敢的。

——哎,可现在我后悔那样做了。

【分析】Regret后面既可接动名词作宾语,也可接不定式作宾语,但含义不同:regret to do sth. 表示“遗憾要去做某事”,而regret doing sth. 表示“遗憾做了某事”。根据题意,“提出反对意见”已经做了,且发生在regret之前,用动名词的完成式,选D。注意:Regret后接to say/inform/tell时,仅用于一般现在时,用来对将要谈到的事物表示遗憾,比较正式,译为“遗憾地说/通知/ 告诉”。

5.句意:根据美国最新的调查,孩子们每周花在看电视上的时间高达25小时。

【分析】根据“compare mistake”,spend要后接动名词作宾语,所以选C。

6.句意:由于卧病在床近一个月,他通过考试有困难。

【分析】句中包含一个固定搭配:have a good/bad time (in) doing sth. 做某事很容易/困难。题中省略了in,空格处仍需用动名词,选D。

7.句意:她到了山顶,停下来在路边的一块大石头上休息。

【分析】根据句意,应选择“stop to do sth.”停下来去做另一件事,而不是“停止休息”,

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Getting up early is a good habit. To get up early this morning made me sleepy. ②动名词作主语,有时用it作形式主语,把动名词置于句末。 It is no use/ good doing...(做。。。没有用); It is fun doing... (做。。。很有趣); It is a waste of time doing... (做。。。是浪费时间) 等句型中。 例如:It’s no use crying over spilt milk.(覆水难收) It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 说服这样一个人加入我们当中来是浪费时间。 2. 作宾语 ①作某些及物动词的宾语 常见的动词有:advise,avoid,delay,escape,excuse,enjoy,consider,finish,deny,fancy,keep,mind(在乎)postpone,pardon,practise,suggest,imagine等。 need,want,require后接动名词,表示被动意义。 如:Would you mind opening the door?请你把门打开好吗? Fancy meeting you here. 真想不到在这里遇见你。 ②作介词的宾语 He left without saying good-bye to us. 他没有和我们道别就离开了。 On arriving at the airport,I saw my mother standing in the

动名词的用法

动名词 定义:动名词是动词的一种非限定形式,兼有动词和名词的特征,它可以带宾语,也能被状语修饰。动名词接宾语或状语构成动名词短语。动名词有时态和语态的变化。 基本形式:由动词原形家词尾-ing构成,与现在分词形式相同。动名词已经名词化了,而现在分词常表示动作或状态。如:a sleeping chair 躺/睡椅(动名词,表用途) a sleeping child 正在睡觉的孩子(现在分词,表状态) 一、动名词的句法功能 动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 1、作主语 1)直接位于句首做主语。 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。 Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣。 Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffering. 在这种工作条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。 注意:动名词做主语时,谓语动词为单数 2)用 it 作形式主语,把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪 费时间。 It was hard getting on the crowded street car. 上这种拥挤的车真难。 It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 这种用法在习惯句型中常用,常用句型: It is + no use/no good/useless/senseless/fun/enjoyable/tiring/ interesting/foolish/nice/a waste of time/a plessure… + v.ing 注意:important,essential,necessary 等形容词后面不用动名词(常用不定式)。3)用于“There be”结构中。 There is no saying when he'll come.很难说他何时回来。 There is no joking about such matters. 对这种事情不是开玩笑。

动名词的用法及练习题

动名词(Gerund) 动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式,由动词+ ing构成,否定形式为not doing,兼有动词的特征和名词的功能。 一、动名词保留着动词的特征,有时态和语态的变化。其时态语态形式如 二、动名词相当于名词,在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和定语 1、作主语 动名词是由动词变化而来,所以,动名词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情。例如: Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动 Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟可能导致癌症。 Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours. 乘火车到杭州要16个小时。 Swimming develops the muscles. 游泳可以发展肌肉。 注意:动名词作主语时,对于一些比较长的动名词短语,一般采用"It is …"和"There is …"两种句式来表示。例如: It takes me ten minutes to get home from my office.我从办公室回家要花十分钟。 It needs time to make three copies of it.把它复制三份需要时间。 It's nice talking with you. 和你谈话很高兴。 It's no use arguing with him. 跟他争论没用。 It is no good learning without practice.学而不实践是没好处的。 There is no joking about such matters.这种事开不得玩笑。 There is no denying that she is very efficient.她效率高是不容否认的。 2、作定语 动名词作定语的情况并不是很普遍,一般只限于单个的动名词作定语,表示“用于……的”或表示“处于某件事情中的……”含义。例如: swimming pool 游泳池reading material 阅读材料 walking stick 手杖floating needle 浮针 opening speech 开幕词listening aid 助听器 waiting room 候车室working people 劳动人民 3、作表语 动名词作表语的时候,特别要注意:不要与正在进行时混淆。动名词作表语,表达的是“某件事”等。例如: His part-time job is promoting new products for the company. (动名词) 他的业余工作是为那家公司推销新产品。

动名词用法归纳

动名词用法归纳Mar 11, 2011 一. 动名词作主语和表语 动名词表示抽象的具有普遍性的行为,不定式表示某一次具体的行为。 Seeing is believing. (但现代英语也可以:To see is to believe.) Swimming is a good sport. (抽象) To swim is good for today. (具体) My job is teaching English. (抽象) Your job is to clean the window now. (具体) 二. 作宾语 1. help to do 帮着做 can’t help doing 禁不住 want / need doing = want / need to be done Your hair needs cutting. / Your hair needs to be cut. 2. 只能跟动名词作宾语的动词有: enjoy; finish; suggest; advise; imagine; mind; practise; consider(考虑);understand; bear / stand (容忍) 等。 I enjoy listening to music. I’ve finished doing my homework. He imagined finding a purse in the street. He suggested having a rest. She is practising playing the piano. He is considering going abroad. 3. 接动名词作宾语的短语有: be good at; be proud of; be fond of; look forward to; be devoted to; insist on; be busy doing; be worth doing; feel like doing; be used to doing; succeed in doing 等。 She is proud of being beautiful. He is fond of playing computer games. I am looking forward to going to the village. I insist on learning English. 4. 接动名词作宾语的重点介词: after; before; on (一…就…); without 等。 After playing football, we feel tired. Before playing football, we feel excited. On opening my eyes, I found Mother standing by my side. I sometimes go to school without having breakfast. 三.动名词作定语 动名词作定语说明被修饰词的用途;现在分词作定语说明被修饰词本身发出的动作。

初中动名词用法归纳

初中动名词用法归纳 Company Document number:WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998

动名词的用法及归纳 一、定义 动名词,就是动词后加ing 的形式,即doing sth. 它的作用相当于一个名词,所以叫做“动名词”。 二、动名词的特征及作用 动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词。它可以支配宾语,也能被副词修饰。动名词有时态 和语态的变化。 动名词属于非谓语动词中的一种,所以它不可以做谓语。 动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等。 【例题】指出下列句子中动名词/现在分词或动名词/现在分词短语做句子的什么成份: ①Climbing mountains is really fun. ②It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. ③Mark often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations. ④We are busy preparing for the coming sports meet. ⑤a walking stick ⑥a washing machine ⑦Be careful while crossing the street. ⑧Seeing is believing. ⑨My work is cleaning the house. ⑩Be careful while crossing the street. 三、动名词和现在分词的区别: 动名词:动词的-ing形式,相当于名词在句子中的用法; 现在分词:具有动词的特征,可以表示一个正在进行、主动的动作。 【例题】判断以下v-ing形式是动名词用法还是现在分词用法: ①I see Mary doing her homework now. ②Seeing is believing. ③They are singing. ④Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine. ⑤I advice waiting till tomorrow. ⑥I prefer going shopping this weekenk. 四、动名词和动词不定式作主语的区别: 动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作,不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。 比较以下句子: Saving money is a good habit. To save money is not easy for me. 五、动名词的时态和语态 六、动名词的否定形式:在doing前加上not 七、【例题】变否定式: ①I admit having done this. ②I leave the machine running all day.

初中动名词的用法

动名词的用法 动名词是非谓语动词的一种,它由动词原形加-ing 构成,形式上与现在分词相同。动名词除具有动词的性质外,还具有名词的性质。动名词在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语等,但不能用作谓语(故称动名词为非谓语动词)。如: Her job is looking after the baby. 她的工作是照顾婴儿。 She’s gone out to do some shopping. 她出去买东西了。 一、动名词的句法功能 1.用作主语 Finding work is difficult these days. 现在找工作可不容易。 注意:动名词作主语经常采用it 作形式主语的句型。 2.用作表语 Her favorite sport is skating. 她最喜爱的运动是滑冰。 His job is teaching English. 他的工作是教英语。 注意:不定式和动名词均可用作主语和表语,区别是:动名词多指笼统的、抽象的概念,而不定式则多指具体的、一次性的动作。 3.用作宾语 She likes singing and dancing. 她喜欢唱歌跳舞。 介词后出现动词时,通常要用动名词形式,不能用动词原形,通常也不用不定式。 He left without saying good-bye. 他没有告别就离开了。 4.用作定语 This is our reading room. 这时我们的阅览室。 He bought a new washing machine. 他买了一台新洗衣 机。 Betty won the first prize in the singing competition. 贝蒂获得了歌咏比赛的一等奖。 二、与动词搭配的doing 用法有多少 英语中,某些动词(或形容词)后只能与ing 形式即动名词连用。 1. keep doing sth 一直作某事 . Keep driving until you see the cinema, then turn left. 开着车一直向前,看见电影院就向左拐。 2. keep on doing sth 一直作某事 . I keep on thinking about the match in the afternoon. 我一直在想着今天下午比赛的事。 3. keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事 . Don ’t keep your mother waiting. 不要让你妈妈久等。 4. be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 . He was busy doing his homework. 他正忙于写 家庭作业。

英语语法动词及动名词

1)表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。 2)根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为四类,分别是:实义动词(Notional Verb)、系动词(Link Verb)、助动词(Auxiliary Verb)、情态动词(Modal Verb)。 说明:有些情况下,有些动词是兼类词,例如: We are having a meeting.我们正在开会。(having是实义动词。) He has gone to New York.他已去纽约。 (has是助动词。) 3)动词根据其后是否带有宾语,可分为两类,分别是:及物动词(Transitive Verb)、不及物动词(Intransitive Verb),缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。 说明:同一动词有时可用作及物动词,有时可用作不及物动词。例如: She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。(sing在此用作不及物动词。) She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。(sing用作及物动词。) 4)根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制,可分两类,分别是:限定动词(Finite Verb)、非限定动词(Non-finite Verb)例如: She sings very well. 她唱得很好。(sing受主语she的限制,故用第三人称单数形式sings。) She wants to learn English well. 她想学好英语。(to learn不受主语she的限制,没有词形变化,是非限定动词。 说明:英语中共有三种非限定动词,分别是:动词不定式(Infinitive)、动名词(Gerund)、分词(Participle)。 5)根据动词的组成形式,可分为三类,分别是:单字词(One-Word Verb)、短语动词(Phrasal Verb)、动词短语(V erbal Phrase)例如: The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases. 英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。(contains是单字动词。) Students should learn to look up new words in dictionaries. 学生们学会查字典。(look up是短语动词。) The young ought to take care of the old. 年轻人应照料老人。(take care of是动词短语。) 6)动词有五种形态,分别是:原形(Original Form)、第三人称单数形式(Singular From in Third Personal)、过去式(Past Form)、过去分词(Past Participle)、现在分词(Present Participle)。

动名词定义及作用

动名词 动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词。它可以支配宾语,也能被副词修饰。动名词有时态和语态的变化。 解释:动词的ing形式如果是名词,这个词称动名词。 动名词的作用 动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 一、 动名词定义和作用 动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词。它可以支配宾语,也能被副词修饰。动名词有时态和语态的变化。 解释:动词的ing形式如果是名词,这个词称动名词。 一、动名词的作用 动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。二、 动名词的逻辑主语 带有逻辑主语的动名词称为动名词的复合结构。当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时,要在动名词之前加上物主代词或名词所有格,这便构成了动名词的复合结构。其中物主代词(名词所有格)是逻辑上的主语,动名词是逻辑上的谓语。动名词复合结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等,分别相当于一个主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句。如: Her coming to help encouraged all of us. 他来帮忙鼓舞了我。 (=That she came to help encouraged all of us.) Jane’s being careless caused so much trouble. 简这么粗心惹来了不

少麻烦。 (=That Jane was careless caused so much trouble.) What’s troubling them is their not having enough food. 烦扰他们的是食物不足。(=What’s troubling them is that they have not enough food.)在口语中,如果动名词复合结构作宾语,其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格,名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替,但在句首作主语时不能这样来代替。如:Would you mind my/me using your computer? 用下你的电脑介意吗? The father insisted on his son’s/his son going to college. 爸爸坚决要求儿子上大学。 Mary’s (不可用Mary) being ill made her mother upset. 玛丽病了,使她妈妈很着急。 His (不可用Him)smoking made his family angry. 他抽烟使他一家人非常生气。 在下列情况下动名词的逻辑主语必须用名词的普通格或人称代词宾语: a.无命名词 The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting. 这个婴儿被猛烈的关门声吵醒。 b. 有生命名词但表示泛指意义 Have you ever heard of women practising boxing? 你听说过妇女练拳击吗? c. 两个以上的有生命名词并列 Do you remember your parents and me telling about this? 你记得你父母和我都告诉过你这事吗? 三、 动名词作主语、宾语和表语 1、作主语 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。

动名词的用法

动名词的用法 Ⅰ动名词的定义 动名词也是动词的三种非谓语形式(不定式、分词、动名词)中的一种。与分词和不定式一样,它也不能在句子中单独作谓语。动名词具有名词和动词的特征,可以带宾语或状语修饰。在句子中,动名词可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语和同位语等。此外,动名词还可以通过加宾语或状语构成动名词短语。 Ⅱ动名词的基本形式 动名词由动词原形加词尾-ing构成,构成与现在分词形式相同。它还有下面几种形式:主动语态被动语态 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done Ⅲ动名词的句法功能 动名词在句中起名词的作用,可单独出现或组成短语作主语、表语、宾语、介词的宾语、定语和同位语。 1.作主语 Seeing is believing. Being a teacher was by no means easy.做老师决非易事。 His having left early made everyone feel very disappointed. 他的提前离开使得每个人都非常失望。 It was a nuisance being kept waiting like that.被弄得这样等着真讨厌。 ★○1It was no use/of little use/no good/useless /a waste of time/a waste of money/a great pleasure/fun + doing sth.(it为形式主语) It was no use talking it over with him.跟他讨论此事没有用。 It was no use crying over the spilt milk.覆水难收。(木已成舟,哭也没用) It is of little good staying up too late every day.每天都熬夜没有什么好处。 ○2There was no….结构中只能用动名词,表示禁止和不可能。 There was no smoking in the hall.大厅内禁止吸烟。

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