目录
对话场景词汇： (3)
A：Office Hours办公时间—Student & Professor (3)
论文 (3)
疑难解答 (3)
申请 (4)
选课 (4)
B：Service Encounter服务咨询-- Student & Officer (4)
Library:图书馆 (4)
Bookstore：书店 (5)
Cafeteria：食堂 (5)
Registrar’s Office：注册办公室 (5)
faculty advisor：指导老师 (5)
Counseling Center：咨询中心 (6)
Career Services Office:就业服务办公室 (6)
Campus Activities.校园活动 (6)
Administrating Office行政办公楼 (7)
讲座学科词汇： (7)
讲座场景A-- Art艺术 (7)
Art艺术 (7)
音乐：Music (9)
建筑：Architecture (9)
城市规划：City Planning (10)
文学：Literature create (10)
舞蹈：Dance (11)
讲座场景B-- Social Science 社会科学 (12)
考古：Archaeology (12)
历史：History (12)
人类学：Anthropology (12)
哲学：Philosophy (13)
心理学：Psychology (13)
经济学Economics商业Business (14)
社会学：Sociology (15)
政治类：Politics (15)
讲座场景C—Life Science生命科学 (16)
动物学： (16)
植物学： (17)
考过的动物： (18)
考过的植物： (19)
Animal Behavior:动物行为 (19)
适应：Adaptation (20)
进化: Evalution (20)
交流：Communication (20)
生物工程DNA (21)
生态学 (21)
讲座场景D—理科—Physical Science 自然科学 (22)
天文: Astronomy (22)
九大行星 (23)
环境科学 (24)
地理Geography&地质Geology (25)
化学Chemistry (26)
物理：Physics (27)
其他高频词汇 (29)
对话场景词汇：
A：Office Hours办公时间—Student & Professor 论文
论文：
office hour [??fis] [?au?]n.办公时间
term paper[t?:m] [?peip?]n.学期论文.
essay [?esei]n.作文，散文
thesis statement论文陈述
proposed topics [pr?u'p?uzd]推荐的论文选题selecting topic选择性题目
scope [sk?up]n.范围
wander off topic [?w?nd?] [?(:)f] [?t?pik]v.跑题. available [?'vel?bl]可利用的
collection藏书
research data调查数据
research project调查项目
preliminary outline [pr?'l?m?n?ri]初步提纲
final outline最终提纲
first draft [e?] [f?:st] [drɑ:ft]n.初稿
draft version [?v?:??n]草拟版本
look over a draft version [luk] [??uv?] [?] [drɑ:ft] [?v?:??n]v.检查草拟版本
comment [?k?ment]n.vt.评论
make comment ['kɑm?nt]评论
rewrite [?ri:?rait]v.重写
revise [ri?vaiz]v.校正
edited version ['v??n]修订版
final copy [?fain?l] [?k?pi]最后打印版
hand in the final copy [h?nd] [in] [e?] [?fain?l] [?k?pi]v.提交最后打印版
final format ['f?rm?t]最终格式
catalog目录
design plan [di?zain] [pl?n]n.设计方案.
draw up 得出结论
reference section [?ref?r?ns] [?sek?(?)n]n.参考部分fixed date固定日期
submission [s?b'm???n]提交
issue发行
疑难解答
考试专业疑难解答：
考试：
mid-term exam [mid] [t?:m] [ig?z?m]n.期中考试grade [greid]n.成绩
revision [r?'v???n]复习
fail不及格
re-take重修
选课与作业(见选课和注册办公室)：
elective选修
selective选修课
bird course轻松的课
hard course困难的课程
intermediate level [,?nt?'mid??t]中级水平summer session暑期课程
seminar ['s?m?nɑr]研讨会
workshop小型研讨会
presentation [prez(?)n'te??(?)n]课堂展示
slide [sla?d]幻灯片
register注册
sign up注册
sign up for a noncredit course [n?n'kredit]注册permission to register [p?'m???n]允许注册
due [dju:]adj.截止deadline [?dedlain]n.截止日期
group project [gru:p] [?pr?d?ekt]n.团队项目project作业
assignment [??sainm?nt]n.作业
quite a heavy load课业负担沉重
学分与学位：
credit[?kredit]n.学分
credit is awarded学分奖励
diploma [d?'plom?]证书
bachelor’s degree学士学位
迟到或缺课：
attendance [?'t?nd?ns]出勤
misse somebody’s lecture缺课
fill me in something给我补课
extension [ik?sten??n]n.延期
疑难解答：
bulletin board ['bulitin]公告板
school bulletin学校公告栏
community center社区活动中心
be weak in薄弱
rushing against the clock忙碌
run into problems遇到困难
dilemma [d?'lem?] n. 两难
transfer转系转专业
tough decision艰难的抉择
consult [k?n's?lt]咨询
enquiry [?n'kwa?ri]询问
approach方法途径
techniques and skills技巧
advisor’s approval [?'pruvl]导师许可
letters of recommendation [,rek?men'de??(?)n]推荐信rigorous ['r?ɡ?r?s] adj. 严格的
eligible ['?l?d??bl] adj. 合格的previous experience ['priv??s]事前经验
take the prerequisite [,pri'r?kw?z?t] 满足先决条件submit [s?b'm?t] 提交
sheet单子
signature签字
soft copy邮件发送
check back核查记录
formal training正式培训
license执照，许可
申请
申请与志愿：volunteer [?v?l?n?ti?]n.志愿者
requirement [r?'kwa??m?nt]要求admission [?d'm???n]许可campus [?k?mp?s]n校园semester[si?mest?]n.学期（半年）[英式term;术语] scholarship/fellowship [?sk?l??ip] [?fel?u?ip]n.奖学金
选课
选课(见选课作业和注册办公室)：credit course ['s??ri?z学分课程
required writing course必修写作课
optional class ['ɑp??nl]选修课
preparatory course [pri?p?r?t?ri] [k?:s]n.预备课程：intro/introduction course [??ntr??]/ [?intr??d?k??n] [k ?:s].n.导论课程
foundation course [faun?dei??n] [k?:s]n.基础课程intermediate course [?int??mi:di?t] [k?:s]n.中级课程advanced course [?d?vɑ:nst] [k?:s]n.高级课程
B：Service Encounter服务咨询-- Student & Officer Library:图书馆
librarian[lai?br??ri?n]n.图书管理员
inter-library[??nt?(r)] [?laibr?ri]n.图书馆间
video library [?vidi?u] [?laibr?ri]n.录像图书馆
in the basement [in] [e?, ei:] [?beism?nt]n.地下室reference room n.阅览室
the reference stacks [e?, ei:] [?ref?r?ns] [st?ks]n.书库
the front desk [e?, ei:] [fr?nt] [desk]n.前台
loan[l?un]v.n.借
loan counter[l?un] [?kaunt?] n.借书处
loan period [l?un] [?pi?ri?d] n.借书期限
return [ri?t?:n]v.还
renew [ri?nju:]v.更新，续
reserve[ri?z?:v]vt.预留/n.储备
photocopier[?f??t??k?p??(r)]n.影印机
fine [fain]vt.罚款/n.罚金
charge[t?ɑ:d?] =fee[fi:]n.费用
academics[??k??demik]a.学术
journal [?d??:n?l]n.期刊literature review [?lit?r?t??] [ri?vju:]n.文献评论newspaper reviews [?nju:s?peip?] [ri?vju:z] n.报纸评论contemporary reviews [k?n?temp?r?ri] [ri?vju:z]n.当代评论
paperback n.平装本
electronic [i?lek?tr?nik]adj.电子版的
the rare books [e?, ei:] [re?] [buks]珍藏本书
gloves[gl?vz]手套
front cover 书的封面
index ['?nd?ks] n.索引
literature guide n.导读
reference guide [?ref?r?ns] [gaid]n.参考指南
abstract [??bstr?kt]vt.摘要
title [?taitl]n.标题
screen[skri:n]n.电脑屏幕
database [?deit?beis]n.数据库
published and unpublished data [?p?bli?t] [?nd] [??nˋp ?bl??t] [?deit?]n.出版未出版数据库
student orientation [?stju:d?nt] [??:ri?n?tei??n]n.情况介绍（针对大学新生）
precaution [pr?'k???n] n. 预防
Bookstore：书店
merchandises[?m?:t??ndaiz]n.商品
store credit [st?:] [?kredit] n.商店退款；赊账购物purchase ['p?:t??s] =buy [bai] vt.买retreat[ri?tri:t]n.退书
policy [?p?l?si]n.规定
full refund [ful] [ri?f?nd, ?ri:f?nd]n.退款
Cafeteria：食堂
restaurant ['rest?r?nt] /dining room[?da?n??] [ru:m]n.餐厅
organic food [?:?g?nik] [fu:d]n.有机食物
deep fried food [di:p] [fraid] [fu:d]n.油炸食物waiter [?weit?] n.男服务员waitress[?weitris]n.女服务员snack[sn?k]n.小吃，快餐salad[?s?l?d]n.沙拉
Registrar’s Office：注册办公室
注册(见选课和考试选课作业)：
dean [di:n]n.院长；系主任
department chair [di?pɑ:tm?nt] [t???] /chairperson['t???p?:sn]n.系主任
enroll in注册
course[k?:s]n.课程
basic course [?beisik] [k?:s]n.基础课程
foundational classe [faun?dei??n] [?kl?sik] 基础课程introductory course [?int??d?kt?ri] [k?:s]n. 基础入门课程
the intermediate level course [e?, ei:] [?int??mi:di?t] [?lev?l] [k?:s]n.中级水平
field work [fild w?k] /research [ri?s?:t?]n.实地研究academic record [??k??demik] [?rek?:d, ri?k?:d]n. 学业成绩
grade point average 平均绩点
credit[?kredit]n.学分
expense n.花费
tuition [t?'???n] n.学费
scholarship ['sk?l???p] n. 奖学金
financial aid 助学金
graduation form [?gr?d?u?ei??n] [f?:m]n.毕业表格. graduation requirements [?gr?d?u?ei??n] [ri?kwai?m?nts]要求
permission[p??mi??n]n.允许，许可
verify [?verifai]vt. 证实
mailing address [?meili? ??dres]n.邮寄地址
faculty advisor：指导老师生活指导
facilities manager：后勤经理language lab manager语言实验室经理administrating office行政办公楼
hall [h?:l]n.大厅
laboratory [l??b?r?t?ri]n.实验室
dorm [d?:m] /dormitory [?d?:mit?ri]n.宿舍auditorium [??:di?t?:ri?m]n.礼堂，会堂chorus [?k?:r?s] =choir[?kwai?]n.合唱队concert [?k?ns?t]n.音乐会
rehearsal [ri?h?:s?l]n.排练，预演construction [k?n?str?k??n]n.建筑施工request [ri?kwest] vt.／n.请求
reschedule [ri:??edju:l]vt.重新安排时间表
summit[?s?mit]n.提交
application [??pl?'ke??(?)n] n. 申请
feedback [?fi:db?k]n.反馈
video [?vidi?u]n.视频；录像
Counseling Center：咨询中心
银行和工资
counselor [?kauns?l?]n. 咨询员Department Secretary:部门秘书
bank account [b??k ??ka?nt] n.银行存款/账户bill [bil]n. 账单
cash [k??]n. 现金
credit card[?kr?d?t kɑrd]n.信用卡
deposits[di?p?zits]n.存款
paycheck ['peit?ek]n. 薪水payroll [?peir?ul]n.工资单；薪水册salary [?s?l?ri] =income [?ink?m]n. 工资fax [f?ks]n.传真
form [f?:m]n.表格
table [?teib?l]n.表格
chart [t?ɑ:t]n.图表
Career Services Office:就业服务办公室实习与打工：
career [k??ri?]n.职业
career advisory service职业咨询服务freshman [?fre?m?n]n.大一新生
sophomore[?s?f?m?:]n.大二
junior[?d?u:ni?]n.大三
seniors [?si:ni?]n.大四学生
graduate [?gr?djueit] vi. 毕业n.毕业生interview [?int?vju:]n.面试
resume [?rezju:mei]n.简历
recommend letter [?rek??mend] [?let?]n.推荐信employee [im?pl?i-i:] n.雇员employer [im?pl?i?]n.雇主
intern n. 实习生
alumni [?'l?mna?]n. 男校友
recruit [ri?kru:t]vt.招聘
website ['web?sait]n.网站
career [k??ri?] /job fair[d?ɑb f?r]n.招聘会
wear a suit [w??][ei, ?, ?n, ?n] [su:t, sju:t]n.正装
firm [f?:m] =company [?k?mp?ni] =corporation [?k?:p??rei??n]n.公司
advancement [?d?vɑ:nsm?nt] =promotion [pr??m?u??n]n.晋升
Campus Activities.校园活动校内活动：
off campus 校外
commute [k?'mj?t] v. 通勤
campus activities. 校园活动announcement[??naunsm?nt]n.公告；通告poster [?p?ust?]n.海报
flyers [?flai?z]n.传单
social[?s?u??l]a.社交laundry ['l?ndri] n. 洗衣房
gym card [d?im] [kɑ:d]n.健身卡request [ri?kwest] vt.／n. 请求appointment [,kɑmpr?'h?ns?v]预约，约会dentist [,intr?'d?kt?ri]牙医
Administrating Office行政办公楼
department院系
faculties ['f?k(?)lt?s] n. 系，学院；才能，能力；全体教员staff [stɑ:f] n.全体职员retire [ri?tai?]v.退休
housing office 住宿办公室讲座学科词汇：
讲座场景A-- Art艺术
Art艺术
美术：
fine art[fain] [ɑ:t] n.美术
academy [??k?d?mi] n.学院；研究院
art academy [ɑ:t] [??k?d?mi] n.艺术学院
gallery [?g?l?ri] n.画廊
studio[?stju:di?u] n.工作室；画室
salon [s??l?n] n.沙龙，美术展览馆
exhibition [eksi?bi?(?)n] n.展览（会）
convention [k?n?ven??n] n.大会；惯例，习俗
the Renaissance [?r?n??zans] n.文艺复兴contemporary art [k?n?temp?r?ri] [ɑ:t] n.当代艺术tribal art [?traib?l][ɑ:t] n.部落艺术
abstract art [??bstr?kt] [ɑ:t] n.抽象派
avant-garde[,?v??'ɡɑ:d] n.前卫派
realism [?ri?liz?m] n现实主义
impressionism [?m?pre??n?z(?)m] n.印象主义impressionistic style[?m,pre??'n?st?k]印象派风格Dadaism. [?dɑ?d?iz?m] n.达达派，达达主义neoclassical [?ni??ukl?sik?l] adj.新古典主义的realistic [ri??listik] adj.现实主义的
minimalist ['m?n?m(?)l?st]n.简单抽象派艺术家precursor[pr?'k??s?]n.先驱
figurehead ['f?g?hed] 名誉领袖
critic['kr?t?k] n.批评家
amateur [‘?m?t?] n. 业余艺术家
oil painting油画
water color水彩画
engraving [?n'gre?v??; en-] n.版画
mural painting['mj??r(?)l] / fresco['fresk??]n.壁画cave art [keiv] [ɑ:t] n.洞穴壁画
charcoal drawing ['t?ɑ?k??l]木炭画
sketch[sket?] n.速写/素描
caricature ['k?r?k?tj??; 'k?r?k?t???] n.漫画animatorn.漫画家
panorama [p?n?'rɑ?m?] n. 全景画
calligraphy[k?'l?gr?f?] n.书法
sculpture [?sk?lpt??]n.雕塑
statue ['st?tju?; -t?u?] n.塑像
bust [b?st] n.半身雕塑像
sculptor n.雕塑家
decoration [?dek??rei??n]= adornment[??d?:nm?nt] n.装饰品
stained glass [ste?nd `gl?s ]n.彩色玻璃
fabric[?f?brik] n.纤维织物
weaving[?wi?.v??] n.织动，编织
mosaic [m?u?zei-ik] n.马赛克
ceramics[si?r?miks] n.制陶术，制陶业
painting=work [?peinti?] [w?:k] n.绘画作品masterpiece [?m?st?pi:s] n.杰作
autograph['??t?grɑ?f]真迹
original [??rid??n?l]n.原作
reproduction / replica [ri?pr?'d?k?(?)n]['repl?k?]复制品fake[fe?k] adj.假的
genuine['d?enj??n] adj.真正的
brushstroke [br??] [str?uk] n.一笔，绘画技巧texture [?tekst??] n.质地，纹理
perspective [p?'spekt?v]透视画法
brush[br??] n. 画笔
drawing board画板
canvas [?k?nv?s]n.画布，帆布
pigment ['p?gm(?)nt]颜色，色素
ivory [?aiv?ri]n.象牙；乳白色
purple紫色
indigo ['?nd?g??] 靛蓝
layer [‘lei?] n. 垫片，层
framing['fre?m??] n.装框
paste [pe?st] v.裱糊
scene [si:n] n.景色
nature scene [?neit??] [si:n] n.场景，景色
landscape [?l?ndskeip] n.风景
posture [?p?st??] n.姿势
facial [?fei??l] adj. 面部的，表面的
gesture [‘d?est??] n.造型
printing press [?printi?][pres] n.印刷机
lightproof [‘laitpru:f] adj.不透光
image [‘imid?] n. 影像
prehistory [?pri?hist?ri] n.史前
era [?i?r?]n.时代；年代；纪元
season [‘si:z?n] n. 适合某种活动的季节,期间
rank [r??k]v.分等级
appeal [?’pi:l] v.对……有吸引力
make a name [meik] [?] [?neim]v.出名，成名
clergy [?kl?:d?i] n.神职人员；牧师；僧侣
Christian Church: [?krist??n] [t??:t?] n.基督教教会monastery [?m?n?stri] n.修道院；僧侣
prayer book [?pre?] [buk] n.祈祷书
knight [nait]n. 骑兵，骑士
戏剧电影摄影：
drama [‘drɑ:m?] n.戏剧
dramaturge [‘dr?m?’t?:d?] n.剧作家
tragedy [‘tr?d?idi] n.悲剧
puppet show [‘p?pit-??u] n.木偶剧
script [skript] n.剧本
early version [??:li] [?v?:??n]n.早期版本
theatrical text [θi’?trik?l-tekst] n.戏剧文本
producer [pr?’dju:s?] n. 制片人
film [film]n.=movie [?mu:vi] n.=motion picture [?m?u??n] [?pikt??]n.电影
production [pr?’d?k??n] n.作品，成品，电影制片director [di’rekt?] n.导演
documentarist[?d?kj?ˋment?r?st] n.纪录片导演documentary [?d?kju?ment?ri]n.纪录片
portray [p?:?trei] vt.描绘，扮演
cast [kɑ:st] v. 指定角色
audition [?:’di??n] v. 在试演中评估某一人物performer [p?’f?:m?] n.表演者
acrobat [‘?kr?b?t] n.杂技演员
juggler [‘d??ɡl?] n. 玩杂耍的人
mime [maim] n. 滑稽演员，哑剧演员，丑角
clown [klaun] n. 小丑
puppeteer [p?pi’ti?] n. 演木偶戏的人
pantomime [‘p?nt?maim] n.哑剧表演
minstrel [‘minstr?l] n. 诗歌演唱者
audience [??:di?ns]n.观众，听众，读者
theater [?θi?t?]n. =cinema [?sinim?] n.电影院
scenery [‘si:n?ri] n.舞台布景
imitation [‘imi’tei??n] n.道具
costume [‘k?stju:m] n.装束
makeup [‘meik?p] n.化妆品
characteristic [?k?rikt??ristik] n.特征，特质stereotype: [?steri?taip] n.刻板印象，成见，定型行为hybrid[?haibrid]n.混合；混血
narration [n??rei??n] n.叙事，讲述standard [?st?nd?d] n.标准
framework [‘freimw?:k] n.结构
photography [f??t?gr?fi] n.摄影
film [film] n. 胶片
expose [iks’p?uz] v. 曝光，暴露
exposure [iks’p?u??] n.曝光
sensitized paper [‘sensitaizd-'peip?] n. 感光纸emulsion [i’m?l??n] n. 感光乳剂
high-tech [ha??tek] n.高科技
equipment[i?kwipm?nt] n.设备
processing [pr?u’sesi?] n.处理
entertain [‘ent?’tein] v.娱乐
pioneer [?pai??ni?]n.先驱
innovator [ˋ?n??ve?t?(r)] n.改革者
inventor发明家
mechanic[m?'k?n?k] 机械工
proprietor[pr?'pra??t?] 业主
feminist ['f?m?n?st] 女权主义者
humanitarian [hj?,m?n?'te?r??n] 人道主义者apprentice [?'prent?s]学徒
disciple[d?'sa?p(?)l]n.学徒
crew [kru:] n.全体人员
mortal ['m??t(?)l] 犯人
renowned[ri?naund] adj. 著名的
household adj.家庭的/家喻户晓的
classic adj.经典的
traditional [tr??di??n?l]adj.传统的
immortal[?'m??t(?)l] adj.不朽的/神
unique adj.唯一的/独特的
versatile ['v??s?ta?l] adj.（人）多才多艺的（物）多功能的
innocent ['?n?s(?)nt] adj.天真的/无罪的
romantic adj.浪漫的
odd adj.怪诞的/奇数的
erratic [?'r?t?k] adj.奇怪的
eccentric [?k'sentr?k; ek-] adj.古怪的
weird adj.怪异的/不可思议的
emotional adj.情绪的/情感的
emotive adj.感人的
sentimental[sent?'ment(?)l] adj.感伤的/多愁善感的cheerless adj.无精打采的/无生命力的
clumsy['kl?mz?] adj.笨拙的
rigid['r?d??d] adj.僵化的
spare[spe?] adj.简朴的
zigzag ['z?gz?g] adj.曲折的
symbolic [s?m'b?l?k] adj.象征性的
contemplative[?k?ntempleitiv] adj.沉思的；冥想的sarcastic [sɑ:?k?stik, sɑr-] adj. 讽刺的
authentic [?:?θentik] adj.真正的，真实的；可信的accessible [?k?ses?b?l] adj.易接近的；可进入的；可理解的
daydream [?de?dri?m]n.白日梦
nightmare [?naitme?] n.噩梦
音乐：Music
folk music民间音乐
hillbilly music ['h?lb?l?] 乡村音乐
chamber music [?t?eimb?] [?mju:zik] n.室内音乐symphony [?simf?ni] n. 交响乐
Broadway musical: [?br?:dwei] [?mju:zik?l]n.百老汇音乐剧
musician [mju(:)?zi??n] n.音乐家
composer [k?m?p?uz?]n.作曲家；作家
critic [?kritik]n.评论家；批评者
choir [?kwai?] n. 合唱队
chorus [?k?:r?s] =choir[?kwai?]n.合唱队
note n.音符
step [step] n.音级
scale [skeil] n.音阶
tone [t?un] n.音调
pitch [pit?] n.音高
volume [‘v?lju:m] n.音量
register [‘red?ist?] n.音域
solo ['s??l??]独奏/独唱
harmony n.和声
chord[k??d] n.和弦
melody [?mel?di] n. 旋律；歌曲
rhythm ['rie?m,'riθ?m]n.节奏韵律
rhythmic patterns ['riemik - 'p?t?nz] n. 有节奏的模式notation [n?u’tei??n] n.谱号(musical notation: 音乐记谱)
score [sk?:] n.乐谱composition [‘k?mp?’zi??n] n.乐曲
movement n. 乐章
lullaby['l?l?ba?]催眠曲
sonata [s?'nɑ?t?]奏鸣曲
serenade[ser?'ne?d] 小夜曲
vocal music声乐
band music / wind music管乐
orchestra [??:kistr?]n. 管弦乐队
conducting指挥
podium['p??d??m] 指挥台
accompaniment [?'k?mp(?)n?m(?)nt] n.伴奏
musical instrument乐器
string instrument [stri?] [?instrum?nt] n.弦乐器keyboard instrument键盘乐器
percussion instrument [p??k???n] [?instrum?nt] n.打击乐器
violin [?vai??lin] n.小提琴；小提琴手
viola [vi??ul?] n.中提琴，中提琴演奏者
cello [?t?el??] n.大提琴
fhorn号；喇叭
clarinet [kl?ri?net] n.单簧管；竖笛，黑管
pound drum 击鼓
formal [?f?:m?l]adj.正式的
improvisational [??mpr?va?ˋze???n?l]adj.即兴的fanatical [f?'n?tikl] 狂热的
建筑：Architecture
architect [?ɑ:kitekt] n.建筑师
building technique建筑工艺
crafting n. 工艺；手工
aesthetic [i:s’θetik] adj.美学的
school [sku:l] n.学派
guild [ɡild] n.协会
design设计
design element设计元素
nterior design [in’ti?ri?-di'zain] n.室内设计
construct [k?n'str?kt]n.结构
compact structure [?k?mp?kt] [?str?kt??] n.紧凑的结构component [k?m’p?un?nt] n.零件，构件
composing [k?m'p?uzi?]n. 组成
tension [‘ten??n] n.绷紧状态
cube [kju?b] n.立方体
facade [f?’sɑ:d] n.（建筑物的）外立面，尤指正面alignment [?’lainm?nt] n.直线排列parallel [‘p?r?lel] adj.平行的
fine [fain] adj.（区别）微小的；细微的flat [fl?t] adj.扁平的
immense [i’mens] adj.极大的
molten [‘m?ult?n] adj.熔化的；熔融的archives['a:kaivz]档案馆planetarium[,pl?n?'te?r??m] 天文馆aquarium [?'kwe?r??m]水族馆skyscraper [‘skai’skreip?] n.摩天大楼office building写字楼
cabin['k?b?n]n. 小木屋
cathedral[k?'θi?dr(?)l] n.大教堂mosque[m?sk] 清真寺
castle ['kɑ?s(?)l] n.城堡
Gothic [‘ɡ?θik] adj.哥特式的
pyramid 金字塔
the statue of liberty自由女神像
the triumphal arch[ɑ?t?]凯旋门celebrated [‘selibreitid] adj.著名的
roof [ru:f] n.屋顶
dome [d?um] n.穹顶
arch [ɑ:t?] n.拱（连柱的）
ceiling [‘si:li?] n.天花板
marble slab ['mɑ?bl-sl?b] n.大理石板skeleton [‘skelitn] n.框架结构整体框架steel girder [sti:l][?g?:d?] n.钢梁
metal-frame金属结构
mat [m?t] n.垫子
pedestal ['pedist?l] n. 基架，基座doorway [‘d?:wei] n.门口
corridor [‘k?rid?:] n.走廊
staircase [‘st??keis] n.楼梯
electric elevator [i’lektrik - ‘eliveit?] n.电梯dwelling [‘dwel??] n.住处，居住空间fountain [‘fauntin] n.喷泉
lamp [l?mp] n.灯
chimney [‘t?imni] n.烟囱
drainer [‘drein?] n.下水道装置,滤水器sewer [sju?] n.排水沟
pipeline [‘paiplain] n.管道，输送管道canal [k?’n?l] n.运河timber [‘timb?] n.木材
splint [splint] n.薄木条
lime [laim] n.石灰
plaster [‘plɑ:st?] n.石膏
mortar [‘m?:t?] n.砂浆, 灰浆
tile [tail] n.饰面砖，瓷砖
fiber [‘faib?] n.纤维
hemp [hemp] n.大麻纤维
new material新材料
prototype['pr??t?ta?p] n.原型
portrait [‘p?:trit] n.肖像
sphinx[sf??ks] n.狮身人面像
sculpt [sk?lpt] v.雕刻
pastel [p?s’tel] n.彩色蜡笔画
parchment [‘pɑ:t?m?nt] n.羊皮纸
decoration [?dek??rei??n]= adornment[??d?:nm?nt] n.装饰品
pour [p?:] v.浇注
erect [i’rekt] v.竖立，建立
hammer [‘h?m?] v.锤打
imold [m?uld] v.塑造
cohere [k?u’hi?] v.粘合
converge [k?n’v?:d?] v.聚合于，集中于一点
span [sp?n] v.（桥、拱等）横跨
fabric weaving [‘f?brik - 'wi?vi?] n.纺织，编织
城市规划：City Planning
layout [?leiaut]n.布局
downtown [?daun?taun]n.市中心
suburb [?s?b?:b] n.郊外
country =rural area[?k?ntri]= [?ru?r?l] [???ri?]n.农村residential area[?rezi?den??l] [???ri?]n. 住宅区local resident[?l?uk?l] [?rezid?nt] n.当地居民dweller [?dwel?]n.居民
inhabitant [in?h?bit?nt]n.居民
sidewalk[?saidw?:k]n.人行道
pedestrian mall [pi?destri?n] [m?:l] n.步行街
off-limits[??f?l?m.?ts]n.禁区，禁止进入transportation hub [?tr?nsp?:?tei??n] [h?b]n.中转港bus terminal [b?s] [?t?:min?l]n.公车终点站facilitate [f?’siliteit] v.提供便利
privately owned [‘praivitli-?und] adj.私有的
publicly owned [‘p?blikli:-?und] adj.公有的
public utility [‘p?blik-ju’tiliti] n.公用事业
vehicle [‘vi:ikl] n.交通工具
parking area/lot[?pɑ?ki?] [???ri?]/ [l?t]=car park [kɑ:] [p ɑ:k]
=stopping place [?st?pi?] [pleis]n.停车场
automobile [??:t?m?ubi:l]=car [kɑ:]=vehicle [?vi:ik?l]n.汽车
subway station [?s?bwei] [?stei??n]=underground[??nd ??graund]n.地铁
文学：Literature create
genre [???nr?]n.文体
fairy tale[?fe?.ri.te?l]n.童话；神话
folk tale [f?ulk] [teil]n.民间故事
mythology [mi?θ?l?d?i] n.神话；神话学；神话集allegory [??liɡ?ri] n.寓言
legend [?led??nd] n.传说
novel [?n?v?l]=fiction [?fik??n]n.小说science fiction[?sai?ns] [?fik??n]n.科幻小说
prose n.= essay [?esei]n.散文
descriptive prose [d?'skr?pt?v] 描写性散文
narrative prose ['n?r?t?v] 叙述性散文
poetry [?p?uitri]=poem [?p?uim]n.诗歌autobiography[??t?ba?'?gr?f?] n. 人物传记
character sketch [?k?rikt?] [sket?]n.素描，人物速写”lyrics [?liriks]n.抒情诗
ballad ['b?l?d]民谣
proverb ['pr?v??b] 谚语
editorial [?edi?t?:ri?l] n. 社论
type [taip]n.类型
style [stail]n.风格
works[w?:ks]n.作品
author [??:θ?]n.作者
story tellers [?st??ri?tel?] n.说故事的人
satirist ['s?t?r?st]讽刺作家
biographer [ba?'?ɡr?f?] 自传作家
imagist ['imid?ist] 意象派诗人
troubadour [?tru?b?du?] n.行吟诗人
literacy [?lit?r?si] n.读写能力；精通文学
literary criticism文学批评
literary studies文学研究
comment [?k?ment]n.评论
schools of literature文学流派
realism['r??l?z(?)m] 现实主义
surrealism [s?'r??l?z(?)m] 超现实主义
modernism ['m?d(?)n?z(?)m]现代主义
aestheticism[i?s'θet?s?z(?)m; es-]唯美主义
character[?k?rikt?]n. 人物,角色，性格
leading character主人公
major/main character[?meid??]/ [mein] [?k?rikt ?]=round character[raund] [?k?rikt?]n.主角
minor characters[?main?] [?k?rikt?]=flat character [fl?t] [?k?rikt?] n.配角
characters’ personalities[?k?rikt?s] [?p?:s??n?liti]n.人物个性people’s trait [?pi:plz] [treit]n.人物特质
model n.人物原型
stereotype: [?steri?taip] n.刻板印象，成见，定型行为background [?b?kgraund]n.背景
setting [?seti?]n.场景
prelude ['prelju?d]序曲
prologue ['pr??l?g]n.序言
main plot [pl?t]n主要情节
obligatory scene[??blig??t?ri] [si:n]n.必须的情节incident [?insid?nt]n.事件.
ending[?endi?]= denouement [dei?nu:mɑ?] n.结局quotation [kw?u?tei??n]n.引用语
fortune[?f?:t??n?t]n.命运，运气
servant [?s?:v?nt]n.仆人
master [?mɑ:st?]n.主人
royalty [?r?i?lti]n.皇室
prince [?prins]n.王子
princess [?prin?ses]n.公主
knight[nait]n.骑兵，骑士
chivalry [??iv?lri] n.侠气，骑士精神
clergy [?kl?:d?i] n.神职人员；牧师；僧侣
religion [ri?lid??n] n.宗教；宗教信仰
Christian Church: [?krist??n] [t??:t?] n.基督教教会museum [mju(:)?zi?m]n.博物馆
entertainment[?ent??teinm?nt]=recreation [?rekri?ei??n]=amusement [??mju:zm?nt]n.娱乐
formula [?f?:mjul?]n.准则，公式
universal truth [?ju:ni?v?:s?l] [tru:θ]n.真理
the inciting [e?][in?sait i?]n.刺激
logical [?l?d?ik?l]adj.合乎逻辑的
appreciate [??pri:?ieit]vt.欣赏
戏剧（见艺术电影摄影）：
drama[?drɑ:m?]=theater [?θi?t?]=play [plei]n.戏剧opera [??p?r?]n.歌剧
well-made play[wel] [meid] [plei]n.佳构剧
comedy [?k?midi]n.喜剧
portray[p?:?trei]vt.描绘
舞蹈：Dance
ballet[b??le?]n.芭蕾舞choreography [?k?ri??gr?fi]n.编舞choreographer[,k?ri'?ɡr?f?] 舞蹈编排家
toeshoe [ˋt???u?] n.芭蕾舞鞋
讲座场景B-- Social Science 社会科学考古：Archaeology
Stone Age 石器时代
Paleolithic [,p?l???'l?θ?k]旧石器时代的
the Paleolithic period/age [e?] [?p?li?u?liθik] [?pi?ri?d]/ [eid?]
= the Old/late Stone Age [e?] [?uld]/ [leit] [st?un] [eid?]n.旧石器时代
Mesolithic [?m?s???l?θ?k]中石器时代的
Neolithic [?ni????l?θ?k]新石器时代的
the Neolithic period/age [e?] [?ni:?u?liθik] [?pi?ri?d]/ [eid?]
=New stone age [nju:] [st?un] [eid?]n.新石器时代Bronze Age [br?nz]（青）铜器时代
Iron Age 铁器时代
primitive [?primitiv]n.原始人，adj原始的
ancestor [??ns?st?]祖先
cave man山顶洞人
nomad [?n?um?d]n.游牧民
clan [kl?n]氏族
tribe [tra?b]部落
alliance [??lai?ns]=federation [?fed??rei??n]n.联盟homogeneous [?h??m??d?i?n??s ?h?m-]同一种族（种类）的
archeologist [,ɑ:ki'?l?d?ist]考古学家
antiquity [?n?t?kw?t?]古代，古老ancient civilization [,s?v?l?'ze??n]古代文明grave= tomb [greiv]= [tu:m]n.坟墓
ruins [?ru??n]遗迹，废墟
remains [r?'me?nz]遗产/遗骸
skull [sk?l]颅骨
cranial ['kre?n??l]颅骨的
historicalrelic [his?t?rik?l] [?relik]n.遗迹cultural relics ['r?liks]文物
relic [?r?l?k]遗物，文物
antique [?n'ti?k]古物/古董
artifact [?ɑ?t??f?kt]手工艺品
utensil [ju:?tens?l]n.餐具，炊具
cooking container [?kuki?] [k?n?tein?]n.容器canoe [k??nu:]独木舟
obsidian [?b?sidi?n]n.黑曜石
covert ['k?v?t]n. 隐藏处
shelter [??elt?] n.庇护所
religion [ri?lid??n]n.宗教
ritual [‘rit?u?l] n.（宗教）仪式
originate [??r?d???ne?t]起源于
inhabit [in?h?bit]vt.居住于
bury[?beri]v.埋葬
excavate / unearth v.挖掘
excavation [?eksk??vei??n]n.挖掘
历史：History
era [?i?r?]n.时代；年代；纪元
prehistory [?pri?hist?ri] n.史前
ancient Rome/Greek [?ein??nt] [r?um]/ [gri:k]n. 古罗马/希腊
medieval [,medi'i:v?l,]adj. 中世纪
Europe [?ju?r?p] n.欧洲
Britain [?brit?n]n.英国
Italy [?it?li] n. 意大利
Rome(Roma) [r?um] n. 罗马
Greek [gri:k] n. 希腊
Egypt [?i:d?ipt] n.埃及France [?fr?ns] n.法国
Germany [?d??:m?ni] n.德国
Spain [spein] n.西班牙
Turkey[?t?:ki] n.土耳其（Turkish）
Netherlands[?nee?l?ndz] =Holland [?h?l?nd] n.荷兰（Dutch荷兰人）
Canada [?k?n?d?] n.加拿大（Canadian [k??neidi?n] n.加拿大人）
Mount Rushmore 拉什莫尔山（位于美国南达科他州）总统山；
人类学：Anthropology
anthropologist [??nθr??p?l?d??st]人类学家paleoanthropologist [?p?l?????nθr??p?l?d??]古人类学家ecological anthropologist [?i?k??l?d??k?l]生态人类学家
psychological anthropologist [?sa?k??l?d??k?l]心理人类学家
Native American [?neitiv] [??merik?n]n. 美洲原住民，印第安人
patriarchal [,peitri'ɑ:k?l] adj.家长的/族长的
哲学：Philosophy
philosophy [fi'l?s?fi,f?-]n. 哲学；哲理；人生观Aristotle’s ethical theory [??rist?tlz] [?eθik?l] [?θi?ri]n.伦理学
Ancient Greek philosopher [?ein??nt] [gri:k] [fi?l?s?f?]n.古希腊哲学家
Socrates[?s?kr?ti:z]苏格拉底；Plato [?pleit?u]柏拉图；Aristotle [??rist?tl]亚里士多德
ideology [?a?d???l?d??]意识形态
intellect ['int?lekt]n. 智力，理解力；知识分子；思维逻辑领悟力；智力高的happiness [?h?pinis]n.幸福
fame [feim]n. 名声，名望
external [ik'st?:n?l]adj. 外部的；表面的optimism ['?ptimiz?m] n. 乐观；乐观主义
心理学：Psychology
baby[?beibi]=infant [?inf?nt]=nursling [?n??sli?]n.婴儿kid [kid]n.儿童
teenager [?ti:neid??]n.十三至十九岁的人
young people [j??] [?pi:pl] n.年轻人
adult [??d?lt]n.成年人
old people [?uld] [?pi:pl]=the aged[ ei:] [eid?d]=elderly people [?eld?li] [?pi:pl]
=senior citizens [?si:ni?] [?sitiz?nz]老年人
mature [m??tju?]vt.使成熟
majority [m??d??r?t?]n.多数人
minority [ma??n?r?t?m?-]n.少数人
conformity [k?n?f??m?t?]n.从众
individual [?indi?vid?u?l]n. 个体，个人
self-reliance [‘self-ri’lains] n. 依靠自己，自立participate [pɑ:’tisipeit] v.参与
behaviorism [b??he?v??r?z(?)m]n.行为主义psychoanalysis [?saik?u??n?lisis]n.精神分析egocentric [?i:g?u?sentrik]adj.自我中心的；利己主义的mental processes: [?mentl] [?pr?uses]n.心理历程mental [?mentl]心理的
founder [?faund?]n.创始人
Archimedes [?ɑ?ki?mi?di?z]n.阿基米德
mental process[?mentl] [?pr?uses]n.思维过程thought [θ?:t]n.思想，想法
cognition [k?ɡ?ni??n]n.认识
cognitive capacity [?k?gnitiv] [k??p?siti]n.认知能力ideomotor action[?aidi??m?ut?] [??k??n]n.意识，观念运动
motivation [,m?uti'vei??n]n. 动机；积极性；推动intention [in’ten??n] n.意图，目的
intuitive [in?tju:itiv]adj.直觉的
hypotheses[hai?p?θisis]n.假定；臆测
conscience[?k?n??ns]n.道德心，良心
virtuous ['v?:t?u?s]adj. 善良的；有道德的
curiosity [?kju?ri??siti]n.好奇心generous [?d?en?r?s]adj.慷慨的，大方
identity [ai?dentiti]n.身份；同一性
fame [feim]n.名声，名望
spiritual [?sp?r?tj??l]心灵的
soul [s?ul]n. 灵魂；心灵
physical [?f?z?k?l]身体的，物质的，物理的
behavior [bi'heivj?]n. 行为，举止；
habit[?h?bit]n.习惯
muscle [?m?s?l]n.肌肉
sign language[sain] [?l??gwid?]n.手语，符号语音throat [θr?ut]n.喉咙，嗓子
laryngeal [ l??rind?i?l]adj.喉部
larynx [?l?ri?ks]= voice box [v?is] [b?ks]喉头subjective [s?b?d?ektiv]adj.主观的
objective [?b?d?ektiv]adj.客观的
positive/negative electrode [?p?z?tiv]/ [?neg?tiv] [??lektr??d]正/负电极
maze [meiz]= labyrinth [?l?b?rinθ]n.迷宫questionnaire [?kwest???ne?]n.问卷
subject [?s?bd??kt]n.受实验对象
disadvantage [?dis?d?vɑ:ntid?]n.缺点
obsession [?b?se??n]n.困扰
deaf [def]adj. 聋的
blind[blaind]adj.盲
abnormal [?b?n?:m?l]adj.反常的
distracted [di?str?kt]adj.心烦意乱的
child amnesia[t?aild] [?m?ni:zi?] n儿童健忘症，记忆缺失
语言学：
linguistics [li??gwistiks] .语言学
Proto-Indo-European: [pr??.t??-] [??nd??] [ju?r??pi:?n] n.原始印欧语
grammar [?gr?m?]n.语法
verb[v?:b]v.动词
noun [naun]n.名词
adjective [??d?iktiv]n.形容词
经济学Economics商业Business
merchant[?m?:t??nt]n.商人
adman [??dm?n]n.广告人
bidder [?bid?]n.投标者
client [?klai?nt]n.客户
potential customer [p??ten??l] [?k?st?m?]n.潜在客户skilled labor [skild][?leib?]n.熟练工人
business owner=employer [?biznis] [??un?] = [im?pl?i?]老板
business conference [?biznis] [?k?nf?r?ns] =seminar[?seminɑ:]n.会议
industrial revolution [in?d?stri?l] [?rev??lu:??n]n.工业革命，产业革命
industry [?ind?stri]n.产业，工业
infrastructure [?infr??str?kt??]n.基础设施
industry cluster: [?ind?stri] [?kl?st?]n.产业集群alliance [??lai?ns]=federation [?fed??rei??n]n.联盟collaborate [k??l?b?reit]vi.合作；协作urbanization [???b?nai?zei??n]n.都市化
prosper[?pr?sp?]vi.繁荣
flourish ['flauri?]n. 兴旺；茂盛
affluence['?fl??ns]n.富裕，富足
poverty [?p?v?ti]n.贫困
boom and bust [bu:m] [?nd] [b?st] 繁荣与萧条collapse[k??l?ps]n./vt.崩溃
out of business歇业，破产
outofwork [aut] [?v, ?, ?v] [w?:k]n.失业
Great Depression [greit] [di?pre??n]n.大萧条
dotcom crash [e?][d?t?k?m] [kr??]n.互联网泡沫tulip mania[?tju:lip] [?meini?]n.狂热
irrational [i?r???n?l]adj.不理性的
sophisticated [s?'f?st?ke?t?d]adj.世故的，老练的；复杂的，尖端的
speculation [?spekju?lei??n]n.投机
conflict [k?n'flikt,'k?nflikt]n.冲突
variation[?ve?ri?ei??n]n.变种
panic [?p?nik]n.恐慌
consumerism[k?n'sju?m?r?z(?)m]n.消费主义gardening=horticulture [?ɡɑ?dn??]= [?h?:ti?k?lt??]n.园艺remote mountainous region[ri?m?ut] [?mauntin?s] [?ri:d??n]n.偏远山区
brand=trademark [br?nd]= [?treidmɑ:k]n.品牌，商标product[?pr?d?kt]n.产品
commodity [k??m?diti]n.商品
luxury[?l?k??ri]n.奢侈品
specimen [?spes?m?n]n.样本
service[?s?:vis]n.服务native to [?neitiv] [tu]原产至
hail from[heil] [fr?m]来自于，出产于
retail [?ri:teil, ri?teil]n.v.零售
promissory note [?pr?mis?ri][n?ut]n.本票
revenue [?revinju:]=income [?ink?m]n.收入disposable income [di'sp?uz?bl] [?ink?m] -money [?m?ni]n.可支配收入
per capita [p??k?p?t?]人均
subsistence level 收支平衡的生活水平
subsistence [s?b's?st(?)ns]n.存活，生活
annual budget [??nju?l] [?b?d?it]n.年度预算borrowing[?b?r?ui?]n.借款
bank loan [b??k] [l??n]银行贷款
interest ['intrist, 'int?r-]利息
check [t?ek]支票；收据；账单
cost [k?st]n.成本
rent [rent] n.租金
tax [t?ks]n.税金
profit [?pr?fit]n.利润
withdraw [w?e'dr??]从银行账户中提款
annual budget [??nju?l] [?b?d?it]n.年度预算
tax incentive [t?ks] [in?sentiv]n.税收优惠
federal subsidy[?fed?r?l] [?s?bsidi]=financial assistance[f??n?n??l] [??sist?ns]n.财政资助//补贴foundation [faun?dei??n]=fund [f?nd]n.基金会
the National Endowment for the Arts
foundation[e?][?n???n(?)l] [in?daum?nt] [f?] [e?] [ɑ?ts]n.美国艺术基金会
gold [g?uld]n.金子（区：goal目标）
monetary [?m?nit?ri]adj.货币的，财政的commercial [k??m?:??l]adj.商业的；营利的guarantee [?g?r?n?ti:]v.担保
mortgage [?m?:gid?]n./vt.抵押
auction [??:k??n]n./vt.拍卖
patron [?peitr?n]=sponsor [?sp?ns?]n.赞助人patronage [?p?tr?n?d?]n.资助，赞助
mass communications [m?s] [k??mju:ni?kei??nz]大众传播工具
media [?mi:di?]=communication[k??mju:ni?kei??n]n.媒体
advertisement [?d?v?:tism?nt]n.广告
advertising plan [??dv?taizi?] [pl?n]n.广告策划billboard [?bilb??d]n.公告牌
slogan [?sl?ug?n]n.标语；呐喊声
target age group [?tɑ:git] [eid?] [gru:p]n.目标年龄群market research/survey [?mɑ:kit] [ri?s?:t?]/ [?s?:vei]市场调查
statistics [st?’tistiks] n.统计学
社会学：Sociology
meme[mi:m]n.文化基因
longevity [l?n?d?eviti]n.寿命
fecundity[fiˋk?nd?t?]n.繁殖力，复制能力fidelity [fi?deliti]n.保真度，精准
accuracy ['?kjur?si]n. [数] 精确度，准确性calendar ['k?lind?]n. 日历；[天] 历法；Jupiter ['d?u:pit?]n. [天] 木星；朱庇特（罗马神话中的宙斯神）
monumental [,m?nju'ment?l]adj. 不朽的；纪念碑的；非常的
enormous [i'n?:m?s]adj. 庞大的，巨大的；凶暴的，极恶的
政治类：Politics
American Revolution 美国革命/独立战争Independence War 美国独立战争American Civil War 美国内战
the Second World War第二次世界大战military [?m?l?t?r?-tr?]adj.军事的
warrior ['w?ri?,'w?:-]n. 战士
fifty states 55个州
federal system [?f?d?r?l]联邦制Congress [?k??gr?s]美国国会
Senate [?s?n?t]参议院
Democrats [?d?m??kr?t]民主党Republicans [r??p?bl?k?n]共和党election [??l?k??n]选举
vote [v??t]投票
veto [?vi?t??]否决
council[?kauns?l]n.委员会legislation [?l?d??s?le???n]立法constitution [?k?nst??tju???n]宪法
justice ['d??stis]n. 司法，法律制裁diplomat[?dipl?m?t]n.外交官bureaucracy [bju?r?kr?si]n.官僚主义anarchism [??n??k?z?m]n.无政府主义centralized ['sentr?laizd]adj.中央集权的radical [?r?d?k?l]adj.激进的,根本的patriotic [,p?tri'?tik]adj. 爱国的
inspire [in'spai?]vt. 激发；鼓舞；release [r??li?s]v.释放
colonize [?k?l??na?z]v.拓殖，殖民immigrant [??m?gr?nt]n.移民
social status [‘s?u??l-’steit?s] n.社会地位
讲座场景C—Life Science生命科学动物学：
biology[ba?'ɑl?d?i]生物学
speciology [?spi:?i'?l?d?i]n. 物种学
zoology [z?u??l?d?i]n.动物学
microbiology[,ma?kroba?'ɑl?d?i]微生物学
marine biology海洋生物学
entomology [?ent??m?l?d?i]n. 昆虫学
ornithology[,?rn?'θɑl?d?i] n.鸟类学
cell biology [sel-bai’?l?d?i] n.细胞生物学
biochemist [‘bai?u’kemist] n.生物化学家paleontologist [‘peili?n’t?l?d?ist] n.古生物学者creature [?kri:t??] n.生物
organism[??:g?niz?m]n.有机物，微生物
microbe['ma?krob]微生物
plankton['pl??kt?n]浮游生物
invertebrate [in’v?:tibr?t] n.无脊椎动物
vertebrate[?v?:t?br?t, -?bret]脊椎动物
amphibian [?m?fibi?n]n.两栖动物
reptile [?reptail]n.爬行动物
herbivore ['h?:bi?v?:]n. 食草动物
herbivorous: [h?:?biv?r?s]a.食草的，草食的carnivore['kɑrn?v?r]食肉动物
omnivorous [am?niv?r?s]a.杂食的
ruminant [?ru:min?nt]n.反刍动物
mollusk [‘m?l?sk] n.软体动物
land creature [l?nd] [?kri:t??]陆地生物
cold [k?uld] blood animal [bl?d] [??nim?l]n.冷血动物warm[w?:m] blood animal [bl?d] [??nim?l]n.热血动物mammal ['m?m?l]n. [脊椎] 哺乳动物
primates [?pra?m?ts]灵长目动物
endangered species濒危动物
species[?spi:?i:z]n.物种
breed[bri:d]n.品种
monogamous一夫一妻的/一雌一雄的
polyandrous[,pɑl?'?ndr?s]一妻多夫的/一雌多雄的polygamous[p?'l?g?m?s]一夫多妻的/一雄多雌的community [k??mjun?ti]动物的群落或人的部落
flock[flɑk]（牛、羊等）群
herd [h?d]兽群
hordes/swarms [h?rd]/[sw?rm]（昆虫等）群
生理生化：
respiratory system [ris’pai?r?t?ri-'sist?m] n.呼吸系统digestive system消化系统
nerve system [n?:v] n.神经系统
circulatory ['s?kj?l?t?ri]system循环系统
hormonal[h?r'monl] system内分泌系统reproductive system生殖系统、urinary system 泌尿系统
immune system [i?mju:n] [?sist?m]n.免疫系统
motor system n.运动系统breed [brid] (名词)品种，（动词）繁殖multiply / reproduce['m?lt?pla?]/[,ripr?'dus]繁殖offspring [??f?spri?]n.后代
crossbreed ['kr?:sbri:d] v.（使）杂交
sperm [sp?:m]n. 精子
spawn[sp?n]（鱼、虾、蛙等）孵
fertilizer [?f?tl?a?z?]使…受精n.肥料unfertilized egg[?n'f??t?la?zd]未受精卵fertilized egg [‘f?:tilaizd-eg] n.受精卵pregnant [?pregn?nt]a. 怀孕的
embryo [‘embri?u] n.胚胎
hatchling ['h?t?li?]n. 刚孵化的幼体incubation[,??kju'be??n]孵化
fledglings[?fled?li?]n.雏鸟
cell [sel] n. 细胞.蜂房
cytoplasm [‘sait?pl?z?m] n.细胞质
cell membrane [sel-'mem’brein] n.细胞膜
cell wall [sel-w??l] n.细胞壁
nucleus [‘nju:kli?s] n.细胞核
organelle [?:ɡ?’nel] n.细胞器
skin cells [skin] [selz]n.皮肤细胞
nerve cells [n?:v] [selz]n.神经细胞unicellular [‘ju:ni’seljul?] adj.单细胞的multicellular [‘m?lti’seljul?] adj.多细胞的renewing [ri'nju:i?]n.更新
metabolism [m??t?b?liz?m]n.新陈代谢hormone [?h?:m?un]n.激素，荷尔蒙
insulin [‘insjulin] n.胰岛素
secretion [si?kri:??n]n.分泌，分泌物
anatomy [?’n?t?mi] n.人体解剖
organ [??:g?n]n. 器官
vestige [?v?st?d?]n.退化器官
liver [‘liv?] n.肝脏
lung [l??] n.肺
kidney [‘kidni] n.肾
stomach['st?m?k]n.胃
pancreas['p??kr??s]n.胰
tissue [?ti?u:, -sju:]n.组织
vessel [‘ves?l] n.血管
tendon [‘tend?n] n.腱
membrane [‘membrein] n.膜
gland [ɡl?nd] n.腺
digestive gland[ɡl?nd]消化腺
digestive enzyme消化酶
t entacle [‘tent?kl] n. 触角，触须
jaw [d??:] n.颌, 颚
tongue [t??] n.舌头
valve [v?lv] n.瓣膜
skeletal ['skelit?l]adj. 骨骼的
vertebra [‘v?:tibr?] n. 脊椎骨= spinal ['spa?nl]cord脊椎rib [rib] n.肋骨
fingerprint ['fi?g??print]n.指纹
nail [neil] n.指甲
division [di’vi??n] n.部分
beak [bi:k] n.喙，（鹰等的）嘴
bill [b?l]（鸟）嘴
tooth [tu:θ] -teeth[ti:θ]n.牙齿
toothless [?tuθl?s] adj. 无齿的
compound eye [k?m?paund] [ai]n.复眼
fin [fin] n.鱼鳍
scale [skeil] n.鱼鳞
forelimb [‘f?:lim] n.前肢
limb [lim]n. 肢，臂；分支
wing [wi?]n.翅膀
feather [?fee?] n. 羽毛
tail [teil] n.尾
卫生与疾病：
hygiene['ha?d?in]卫生
hygienic [hai’d?i:nik] adj.卫生学的（hygiene [‘haid?i:n] 卫生学）
sanitation[,s?n?'te??n]公共卫生；卫生设施
disease [di’zi:z] n.疾病
diagnose [‘dai?ɡn?uz] v.诊断
drug [dr?ɡ] n.药物
medicine [‘medisin] n.医学，药
dental clinic牙医诊所
surgeon ['s??d?(?)n] n.外科医生virus [‘vai?r?s] n.病毒
fungi [‘f?nd?ai] n.真菌类
yeast[jist]酵母（菌）
parasite ['p?r?sa?t]寄生虫
parasitic [?p?r??sitik]a. 寄生的，寄生虫的inflection传染/ 感染
paralysis [p?’r?lisis] n.麻痹, 瘫痪
cardiac [‘kɑ:di?k] adj.心脏(病)的
antibiotic [??ntibai??tik]n.抗生素
antibody [‘?nti’b?di] n.抗体
vaccine [‘v?ksi:n] n.疫苗
fungicide [‘f?nd?isaid] n.杀真菌剂
营养学：
nutrient [‘nju:tri?nt] n. 营养物质
calorie [?k?l?ri]卡路里（热量单位）
protein [‘pr?uti:n] n.蛋白质
starch淀粉
glucose [‘ɡlu:k?us] n.葡萄糖
carbohydrate (starch) 碳水化合物（淀粉）vitamin [?vit?min, vai-]n.维生素，维他命malnutrition [?m?lnju?tri??n]n.营养不良，营养不足decaffeinated [di:'k?fineitid]adj. 不含咖啡因toxic [‘t?ksik] adj.有毒的
toxin毒素
植物学：
botany植物学
botanical / botanic植物学的
botanist [‘b?t?nist] n.植物学家
herb [h?:b]n.草本植物
parasite plant['?rɡ?n] 寄生植物
aquatic['?nju?l] plant水生植物
horticulture [?h?rt??k?lt??]园艺学
system系统
forest [‘f?rist] n.森林
jungle [?d???g?l]n.热带丛林
tropical rain forest [‘tr?pikl-rein-’f?rist] n.热带雨林Tropical savanna forest [‘tr?pikl-s?’v?n?-’f?rist]n.热带稀树草原
deciduous forest [di’sid?u?s-’f?rist] n.落叶林Deciduous monsoon forest [di’sid?u?s-m?n’su:n-’f?rist]n.落叶季雨林
Temperate rain forest [‘temp?rit-rein-’f?rist]n.温带雨林Temperate evergreen forest [‘temp?rit-’ev?ɡri:n-’f?rist]n.温带绿叶林subarctic [‘s?b’ɑ:ktik] adj.亚寒带
flowering tree [?flau?ri:i?] [tri:]n.会开花的树lumber [‘l?mb?] n.木材
lawn [l?n]草坪
grassland [‘ɡrɑ:sl?nd] n.草原
meadow[?med?u]n.草地；牧场
prairie [?pre?ri]n.大草原；牧场
ranch [rɑ:nt?]n.大农场；大牧场
shrub [?r?b] = bush[br??] 灌木丛
cluster[?kl?st?z]n.串，簇；群，组vi.群集，丛生marsh[mɑ:?]n.沼泽；湿地
beach[bi:t?]n.海滩
alpine region [‘?lpain-’ri:d??n] n.高山区blossom['b?r?n]花
root [ru:t]n. 根
stem [stem] n.茎
stalk[st?k]杆
petal [‘petl] n.花瓣
bud [b?d]花蕾
column['kɑl?m]花柱
pistil [‘pistil] n.雌蕊
stamen [‘steimen] n.雄蕊
wither / shrivel / fade凋谢
seed [si:d]n. 种子
germinate [?d??:mineit]vi. 发芽.
shoot (sprout ) [?ut][spra?t]嫩芽，抽枝rhizome ['raiz?um]n. 根茎，根状茎，地下茎trunk [tr??k]树干
bark [bɑrk]树皮
crown [kraun] n.树冠
canopy [‘k?n?pi] n.天篷：树林中最上面一层branch[br?nt?]树枝
twig [tw?ɡ]小树枝
leaf [li:f]（leaves复）n.叶子leaflet['lifl?t]小叶
peel(skin)[pil]果皮
husk[h?sk]（干）果壳/（玉米）苞叶
shell (硬) [??l]果壳
barren['b?r?n]贫瘠的；不生育的
pesticide [?pestisaid]n.农药| 杀虫剂insecticide [in'sektisaid]n. 杀虫剂，农药granary(grain store) ['gr?n?ri]粮仓
annual一年一生的
perennial[p?'r?n??l]多年一生的
rosette[ro'z?t]（叶的）丛生
mutualism [‘mju:tju?liz?m,’mju:t?u?liz?m] n.共生s ymbiosis [?simbi??usis]n.共生，共生关系symbiotic [‘simbai’?tik] adj.共生的
考过的动物：
reptile [?reptail]n.爬行动物
rodent[?r?ud?nt]n.啮齿动物
gorilla大猩猩
chimpanzee[?t?imp?n?zi:]n.黑猩猩
baboon [b?'bu:n]n.狒狒
anthropoid [??nθr?p?id]a.类人猿的
beast [bist]野兽
wolf[wulf]n.狼
cheetah ['t?it?] 猎豹
bear[b??]vt.熊
lions[?lai?n]n.狮子
rat [r?t]=mouse [maus]（复数mice）n.鼠
squirrel[?skwir?l]n.松鼠
kangaroo[?k??g??ru:]n.袋鼠
marmot ['mɑ:m?t]n.土拨鼠
chipmunk[?t?ipm??k]n.花栗鼠
meerkat['mi?k?t]n.猫鼬
elephant [?elif?nt]n.大象
mammoth[?m?m?θ]n.猛犸象，长毛象
cattle [?k?tl]n.牛
bison ['baisn] n.美洲野牛
buffalo [?b?f?l?u]n.水牛
rhinoceros [rai'n?s?r?s]n.犀牛
zebra[?zi:br?, ?ze:-]n.斑马
hippopotamuses [?hip??p?t?m?s] =hippo['hip?u]n.河马
deer[di?]n.鹿
camel [?k?m?l]n.骆驼
antelope['?nt?lop]羚羊
rabbit[?r?bit]n.兔子
pigeon[?pid?in]n.鸽子
crow[kr?u]n.乌鸦
eagle[?i:gl]n.鹰
hawk[h?:k]n.鹰owl[aul]n.猫头鹰
songbird [‘s??b?:d] n.鸣禽
hummingbird [?h?mi?b?:d]n.蜂鸟
bat [b?t]n.蝙蝠
colubrid[?kɑl?br?d, ?kɑlj?-]n.无毒蛇类
venomous snake [?ven?m?s][sneik]n.有毒的蛇dinosaur[?dain?s?:]n.恐龙
Tyrannosaurus rex [tai?r?n?'s?:r?s] [reks]n.霸王龙alligator [??ligeit?]= crocodile[?kr?k?dail]n.鳄鱼turtle['t?tl]龟
snake [sneik]n.蛇
frog [fr?g]n.青蛙
chameleon变色龙
lizard[?liz?d]n.蜥蜴
snail[sneil]n.蜗牛
penguin [?pe?gwin]n.企鹅
otter [??t?]n.水獭
shrimp[?rimp]n.虾
crayfish [‘kreifi?] n.龙虾
clam [kl?m]n.蛤
crab [kr?b]n.螃蟹
coral[?k?r?l]n.珊瑚
beaver [?bi:v?]n.海狸
dolphin[?d?lfin]n.海豚
starfish[?stɑr?f??]n.海星
octopus['?kt?p?s]n.章鱼
whale[hweil]n.鲸鱼
eel [i:l]n.鳗鱼
flounder [‘flaund?] n. 比目鱼
squid [skwid] n.鱿鱼
jellyfish [‘d?elifi?] n.水母
oyster [‘?ist?] n.牡蛎
sponge[sloθ]海绵
insect [?insekt]n.昆虫
bug [b?ɡ] n.虫子
worm[w?m]虫/蠕虫
caterpillar [‘k?t?pil?] n.毛虫pest [pest] n.害虫parasite ['p?r?sa?t]寄生虫spider [‘spaid?] n.蜘蛛cockroach['k?kr?ut?] n.蟑螂ant [?nt]n.蚂蚁termite [?t?:mait]n.白蚁
fly [flai]n.苍蝇
hornet大黄蜂
mosquito[m?s?ki:t?u]n.蚊子moth [m?θ]n.飞蛾butterfly [‘b?t?flai] n.蝴蝶
考过的植物：
paleontology[?p?li?u?liθik]a.古生物
vegetation[?ved?i?tei??n]n.植物
rain forest ['rein - 'f?r?st] n.雨林deciduous tree [di?sidju?s]a.落叶/阔叶树birch[?b?:t?]n.桦树
eucalyptus [?ju:k??lipt?s]n.桉树
maple[?meip?l]n.枫树
oak[?uk]n.橡树
conifer tree ['kɑn?f?]针叶树
softwood [‘s?ftwud] n.针叶树evergreen常青树
redwood 红木树
pine needle [?ni:dl] [pain]n.松叶/松针algae ['?ld?i:]n.藻类
fungus[?f??g?s]n真菌，菌类
fungi . ['f??gai]n.真菌；菌类；蘑菇lichen [?laik?n]n.地衣；青苔
moss [m?s]n.青苔，藓类crop[kr?p]n.农作物
grain (cereal) [ɡren] ['s?r??l谷物，谷粒millet ['m?l?t]粟，小米
wheat [wit]小麦
corn [k?:n] =maize [meiz]n.玉米
potato [p??teit?u]n.土豆
onion [??nj?n]n.洋葱
tomato [t??mɑ:t?u]n.番茄
Nightshade family ['nait?eid] [?f?m?li]n.茄科lettuce['l?t?s]莴苣
pumpkin['p?mpk?n]南瓜
tulip[?tju:lip, ?tu:-]n.郁金香
cactus [?k?kt?s]n.仙人掌
orchid [‘?:kid] n.兰花
spartina[spɑ:’tain?]n.大米草（盐滩）
Animal Behavior:动物行为
passive [?p?siv]a.被动的/enactive [i'n?ktiv] a.主动的
habitat selection [?h?bit?t] [si?lek??n]n.栖息地选择habitat [?h?bit?t]n.息地
recreate['rekrieit]v.再建（栖息地）
burrow [?b?r?u]n.洞穴
nest [nest] n.巢
survival[s??vaiv?l]n.生存
territorial[?teri?t?:ri?l]a.领地的
communal [‘k?mjunl] adj.群居的
social群居
solitary独居
circumstance [?s?:k?mst?ns] = environment[in?vai?r?nm?nt]n.环境
population density [?p?pju?lei??n] [?densiti]n.居住密度quiescent [kwi’es?nt] adj.休眠的
hibernate['ha?b?net] n.冬眠；蛰伏
migrate [mai’ɡreit] v.迁徙
soar [s?:] v.振翅飞行glide [ɡlaid] v. 滑行
nomadic[n??'m?d?k]adj.游牧的；流浪的domesticate [d??m?st??ket]v.驯养
flexible [‘fleks?bl] adj.柔韧的
stretch [stret?] n.伸展
exhale [eks’heil] v.呼气
inhale [in’heil] v.吸气
forage [‘f?rid?] v.觅食
diving潜水/ 跳水
mating ritual['meiti?] [?rit?u?l]求偶仪式
mate [meit]n.交配
stimulus [?stimjul?s]n.刺激
drive[draiv]=urge[?:d?z]n.驱动，驱动因素，强烈的愿望
expel [iks’pel] v. 喷出，发射
displacement [dis?pleism?nt]n.取代，换位
grooming ['gru:mi?]n.整理（羽毛）
reproduce[?ri:pr??dju:s]v.繁殖
lags eggs[?li:k?d?z]下蛋
incubate [‘inkj?’beit] v.孵化
offspring [??f?spri?]n.后代
larva [?lɑ:v?]n.幼虫
molting [‘m?ulti?] n.蜕皮
fledglings[?fled?li?]n.雏鸟
hatchling ['h?t?li?]n.刚孵化的幼体
tend [tend] v.照顾
pollinate [‘p?lineit] v.授粉，传粉
agent [?eid??nt]n.中介
spread [spred] v.扩散，传播
camouflage [?k?m?flɑ:?]vt.伪装
shield [?i:ld] v.防御，保护
defend [di’fend] v.防卫
protective camouflage n.保护色
predator-prey [?pred?t?] -[prei]捕食者—被捕食者enemy [?enimi]n.敌人
pursue [p?’sju:] v.追捕, 追击
sting [sti?] v.螫
injury [‘ind??ri] n.伤害
eliminate [i’limineit] v.除去
prime [praim]a.首要的，最好的/ secondary [?sek?nd?ri, -deri] a.次要的，第二的
higher [?hai?] a.较高/ lower [?l?u?]a.较低
irrelevant [i?reliv?nt]a.不切题，不相关
inappropriate[?in?'pr?upriit] adj.不恰当.
horizontal [?h?ri?z?ntl]a.水平的
vertical[?v?:tik?l]a.垂直的
underneath[??nd??ni:θ]n.下面
适应：Adaptation
the weather [e?, ei:] [?wee?] =climate [?klaimit] n.气候microclimate['maikr?u?klaimit]n.小气候
harsh[hɑ:??] a.（气候）恶劣的
primitive [?primitiv]a.远古的
hibernation [?haib??nei??n]n.冬眠
burrow [?b?r?u]n.洞穴
territorial[?teri?t?:ri?l]a.领地的
absorb [?b’s?:b] v.吸收
soak up[sok ?p]v.吸收
respiration[?resp??rei??n]n.呼吸作用photosynthesis[?f?ut?u?sinθ?sis]n.光合作用photolysis[f?u't?lisis]n.光解作用chlorophyll ['kl?r?f?l]叶绿素
chloroplast [‘kl?:r?upl?st] n.叶绿体
pigment [‘piɡm?nt] n.色素
catalyst [‘k?t?list] n.催化剂
crossbreed ['kr?:sbri:d] v.（使）杂交
yield [ji:ld] n.产量v.产出，生出
dehydrate[?di:?haidreit]vi.脱水
edible[?ed?bl]a.可食的
greeting[?gri:ti?]n.打招呼
ceremony[?serim?ni]n.仪式，典礼
individual [?indi?vid?u?l]n.个体，个人
colonize [?k?l?naiz]vt.殖民
colonist [?k?l?nist] /colonizer['k?l?naiz?]n.殖民者
osmosis [?z?m?usis]n.渗透，渗透作用进化: Evalution
ancestry [??ns?stri, ??nsestri] =ancestor[??ns?st?]n.祖先
evolution [?i:v??lu:??n]n.演变，进化
evolve [i?v?lv] v.(使)演变，进化
the missing link [e?, ei:] [?misi?] [li?k]n.进化缺环Darwinism [?dɑrw??n?z?m]达尔文学说
species [‘spi:si:z] n.物种survival [s?'va?vl]n. 幸存，生存
victim [‘viktim] n.牺牲品
die out / extinction[?k'st??k??n]灭绝
mass extinction [m?s-iks’ti?k??n] n.大量消亡decline in the number数量减少
交流：Communication