真题再现
1.【2015·广东】完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is __1__ to live no longer than 120 years. However, 110 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live ——if he or she is ___2___ healthy and lucky. Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years! Yet, our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce ___3___. They wear out, and as a result, we get old and ___4___ die.
Even though we can’t live forever, we are living a ___5___ life than ever before. In 1900, the average American life span (寿命) was only 47 years, but today it is 75 years!
When does old age begin then? Sixty-five may be out-of-date as the ___6___ line between middle age and old age. After all, many older people don’t begin to experience physical and mental ___7___ until after age 75.
People are living longer because more people ___8___ childhood. Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature, many children died of common childhood ___9___. Now that the chances of dying ___10___ are much lower, the chances of living long are much higher due to better diets and health care.
On the whole, our population is getting older. The ___11___ in our population will have lasting effects on our social development and our way of life. Some people fear such changes will be for the worse, while some see ___12___, not disaster, many men and women in their “golden years” are healthy, still active, and young in ___13___ if not in age.
As the society grows old, we need the ___14___ of our older citizens. With long lives ahead of them, they need to ___15___ active and devoted.
1. A. designed B. selected C. improved D. discovered
2. A. completely B. generally C. apparently D. extremely
3. A. rapidly B. harmlessly C. endlessly D. separately
4. A. eventually B. hopelessly C. automatically D. desperately
5. A. busier B. longer C. richer D. happier
6. A. finishing B. guiding C. waiting D. dividing
7. A. stress B. damage C. decline D. failure
8. A. survive B. enjoy C. remember D. value
9. A. problems B. fears C. worries D. diseases
10. A. poor B. young C. sick D. quiet
11. A. changes B. recovery C. safety D. increases
12. A. dreams B. chances C. strengths D. choices
13. A. mind B. appearance C. voice D. movement
14. A. protection B. suggestions C. contributions D. permission
15. A. sound B. appear C. turn D. stay
【答案】
1-5 ADCAB 6-10 DCADB 11-15ABACD
【解析】
试题分析：这篇短文讲的是人的寿命是有限的，总是随着社会的发展，生活水平的提高，人们的寿命比以前更长了，而且老龄化已经成为社会的一种趋势，我们的社会需要这些老年人们继续保持积极的心态，为社会做贡献。
1. A 考查动词几语境的理解。句意：大多数研究年龄的科学家们认为人体被设计的不会活过120岁。designed设计; selected选择，挑选；improved提高，改善；discovered发现。根据句意可知，科学家们认为人体的结构设计决定了人类最多不会活过120岁，故应选A。
2. D 考查副词及语境的理解。句意：然而110岁可能是人们希望能活的最长寿命-如果他非常的健康和幸运。completely 完全地; generally一般地；apparently 显然地；extremely极其；非常。根据句意可知，如果一个人非常的健康而且很幸运，人们希望能活到110岁。故选D。
3. C 考查副词及语境的理解。句意：然而我们的细胞不会一直无止境的再生。rapidly快速地; harmlessly无害地；endlessly 无止境地；separately 分离地，分开地。根据句意可知，因为人们的细胞不会无止境地再生，因此人的寿命是有限的。
因此选C。
4. A 考查副词及语境的理解。句意：他们（细胞）慢慢消耗尽，结果我们就会慢慢变老最终死亡。eventually 最终; hopelessly 没有希望地；automatically 自动地；desperately 绝望地，自暴自弃地。根据句意可知选A。
5. B考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：尽管我们不能永久地活着，我们的寿命比以前是更长了。busier更忙的；longer更长的；richer更富有的；happier更开心的。根据这一段的内容可知，现在人的寿命比以前更长了。故选B。
6. D 考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：作为中年和老年的分界线，65岁可能已经过时了。finishing 完成; guiding指导，指引；waiting等待；dividing划分。根据句意，把65岁当成老年和中年的分界线，这已经不适合现在的形势了。dividing line分界线，故选D。
7.C考查名词及语境的理解。句意：毕竟，很多老年人直到75岁之后才开始经历身体和精神的衰落。stress 压力，压迫；damage 损坏；decline 衰落，衰弱；failure失败。根据句意可知，现在很多老年人是在75岁之后身体和精神才开始衰弱的，故选C。
8.A考查动词及语境的理解。句意：现在人们活得更长因为更多的人从童年中幸存下来。survive 幸存；enjoy 喜欢，欣赏；remember 记得；value价值，估价。根据这一段的内容和the chances of living long are much higher due to a better diets and health care可知，现在的人平均寿命比以前更长的一个原因是人们从童年的疾病中幸存了下来，故选A。
9.D考查名词及语境的理解。句意：在现代医学改变了自然的法则之前，很多孩子死于常见的儿童疾病。problems 问题；fears 恐惧，害怕；worries 担心；diseases 疾病。根据句意可知，以前的人们因为很多普遍的儿童疾病而死，所以导致平均寿命比较低。故选D。
10.B考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：既然年少夭折的可能性更低了，那么活得更长的机会就更高了，因为有了更好的饮食和医学护理。poor 穷的；young 年轻的；sick 病的；quiet 安静的。根据这一段的意思可知，以前人们在小的时候就因为生病死去了，dying young就是年少死去。故选B。
11.A考查名词及语境的理解。句意：人口结构的改变会对我们社会的发展和我
们的生活方式有持续的影响。changes 改变；recovery 恢复；safety 安全；increases 增长，增加。根据下文中Some people fear such changes will…可知，我们现在的人口结构改变了，故选A。
12.B考查名词及语境的理解。句意：一些人担心这个改变将会带来一些坏处，然而还有一些人看到的是机会，而不是灾难。dreams 梦想；chances 机会；strengths 力量；choices 选择。根据句意可知，这句话中的while 表示对比，即跟前一种人不一样的看法，故选B。
13.A考查名词及语境的理解。句意：现在，很多处在“黄金年龄”的男士和女士，身体都非常健康，仍然积极，心态也很年轻。mind 心态；appearance 外表；voice 声音；movement移动。根据句意可知，这里应该是说虽然年龄老了，但是心态依然年轻，故选A。
14.C考查名词及语境的理解。句意：随着我们的社会老龄化，我们需要这些老年公民们的贡献。protection 保护；suggestions 建议；contributions 贡献；permission允许。根据文意可知，现在的社会逐渐老龄化，因此老年人也要继续给我们的社会做贡献，故选C。
15.D考查动词及语境的理解。句意：前面还有很长的寿命，他们需要保持积极的心态和奉献的精神。sound 听起来；appear 好像；出现；turn 转，变成；stay 保持。根据文意可知，现在人们的寿命更长了，因此老年人也要继续保持积极心态，为我们的社会做贡献。故应选D。
【考点定位】社会现象类短文。
【名师点睛】这篇短文是一篇议论文，讨论了人类寿命增加这个话题，主要考查学生名词、形容词、动词、副词等实词在具体语言环境下的使用和词义辨析，同时考查学生的语篇理解的能力。学生要在理解短文大意的基础上，对每个题目中设置的选项进行辨析，同时还需要注意上下文的暗示，选出最符合文意的一项。
2.【2015·重庆】B
Imagine the first days in a new time zone. Slow to respond to the 28 , your body clock is confused. You’re sleepy all day, but when it’s time for bed, you can hardly fall asleep. Obviously you are 29 jet lag（时差反应）.
Travelers have traditionally fought this 30 with sleeping pills or alcohol. There are actually healthier ways that can work just as 31 .
For example, the moment you get on the airplane, start 32 your biological block to the destination’s time. If it’s daytime in your destination, try to stay 33 . Walking around the cabin（客舱）can be of help. When it’s nighttime, try to sleep. In that case, eat before the flight, 34 an empty stomach will prevent you from sleeping. These tips will help you start a new 35 of sleep and wakefulness.
28. A. flight B. change C. demand D. climate
29. A. suffering from B. working on C. looking into D. leading to
30. A. danger B. problem C. waste D. fear
31. A. briefly B. slowly C. suddenly D. effectively
32. A. checking B. sending C. adjusting D. stopping
33. A. awake B. alone C. hungry D. calm
34. A. though B. so C. whole D. or
35. A. understanding B. cycle C. research D. trend
【答案】
BABDC ADB
巩固练习
What do a volunteer and a tourist have in common? 1 . But can you be a
volunteer and a tourist at the same 2 ? Absolutely.
Voluntourism — a trend combining volunteering with tourism — is becoming more and more 3 , with more and more people looking for opportunities
to 4 others while visiting interesting places. Many organizations in the
world 5 voluntouring projects. Earthwatch, for example, is a non-profit organization focusing on bringing science to life for those 6 about the Earth's future. It offers opportunities for people to 7 their teams of scientists on a diverse range of pr ojects. It has also set up “teen teams” whereby young people aged 16 to 17 can 8 with, and learn from, leading scientists.
One the other hand, Habitat for Humanity, a voluntary agency well known
for 9 houses for the homeless, has developed a voluntouring package for participants to help out in their projects across the world. They provide 10 housing for the poor. Jimmy Carter, the former president of the USA, is a regular 11 in Habitat for Humanity projects. You don't have to 12 building skills to be part of its volunteering team; you can give a hand 13 you know how to hold a paintbrush or a hammer.
But just like in any other 14 , there are always black sheep that exploit (利用) the 15 of voluntourists. They may come up with phoney (虚假的) programs. Would-be voluntouists should therefore be 16 and check out the organizations before 17 their programs.
It is not 18 , though, to figure out which organizations are genuine and which are phoney. Genuine voluntourism operators have long-term goals and they 19 assess the success of their projects. These are the ones that you can 20 if you are thinking of a voluntour for your next vacation.
1. A. Nothing B. Anything C. Something D. Everything
2. A. stage B. age C. level D. time
3. A. useful B. popular C. important D. promising
4. A. know B. change C. help D. understand
5. A. introduce B. share C. prefer D. provide
6. A. concerned B. disappointed C. sorry D. uncertain
7. A. recognize B. interview C. join D. watch
8. A. play B. work C. compete D. study
9. A. choosing B. buying C. building D. repairing
10. A. beautiful B. affordable C. splendid D. expensive
11. A. operator B. participant C. advisor D. organizer
12. A. apply B. practice C. possess D. improve
13. A. even though B. as far as C. so that D. as long as
14. A. field B. farm C. company D. country
15. A. faith B. goodwill C. confidence D. courage
16. A. cautious B. anxious C. practical D. eager
17. A. making use of B. taking part in C. keeping up with D. looking forward to
18. A. quick B. necessary C. possible D. difficult
19. A. occasionally B. instantly C. regularly D. casually
20. A. find B. believe C. accept D. expect
本文是说明文。文章介绍了融旅游和志愿活动为一体的公益旅游。
1. A。根据下文的But一词可知，这两者“没什么（Nothing）”共同点。
2. D。根据下文的a trend combining volunteering with tourism可知，此处是问可否同“时（time）”做这两件事。
3. B。根据下文的介绍可知，公益旅游越来越“流行（popular）”。
4. C。既然是和volunteering有关，自然是“帮助（help）”他人。
5. D。下文举的两个组织都是“提供（provide）”公益旅游的组织。
6. A。由下文提到的参与者帮助并向科学家学习可知，他们是一些“关注（concerned）”地球未来的人。
7. C。8. B。既然要帮忙，自然要“参与（join）”其中，和科学家一起“工作（work）”。
9. C。根据下文的how to hold a paintbrush or a hammer可知，这个组织给无家可归者“盖（building）”房子。
10. B。根据下文的the poor可知，该组织为穷人提供“能住得起的（affordable）”房子。
11. B。本文是关于参与公益旅游的，故此处是说，曾任美国总统的卡特以前也是这个组织的一名“参与者（participant）”。
12. C。13. D。根据下文的hold a paintbrush or a hammer 可知，参与者不需要“拥有（possess）”盖房子的技能，“只要（as long as）”会拿漆刷或锤子就行。
14. A。15. B。像其它“领域（field）”一样，这一行也有一些败类会利用人们的“善意（goodwill）”。
16. A。17. B。既然会有虚假的活动来欺骗人们，所以准备参与公益旅游的人们在“参加(taking part in)”活动前必须“谨慎（cautious）”。
18. D。根据下文提供的方法可知，要辨别真假也不“难（difficult）”。
19. C。真组织会有长期的目标，并“定期（regularly）”评价活动成功与否。
20. B。既然是真的，那么当然可以“信赖（believe）”。
英语完形填空解题技巧 英语完形填空解题技巧。完形填空是测验常见的题型之一，即选择最恰当的单词或词组完成文章，该词条将讲述什么是完形填空，完形填空有什么类型，如何解决完形填空此类题目。它既考查对语法，词汇，习语，句型，搭配等基础知识的综合运用能力，又考查对短文的阅读理解能力，甚至有时还考察对时事政治等的关注。 英语完形填空解题技巧 一：“议论文”类完形填空解题技巧 除了记叙文常考的是议论文，议论文的完形填空包括夹叙夹议和真正的议论两种形式。夹叙夹议的文章一般是先提出一个事件，然后就此引出一个深刻的社会主题。真正议论形式的文章是通过一个或几个人对某一现象的论述来赞扬、批评或提出某种见解。 议论文的完形填空题不依记叙文那么有情景性，因此考生对文章的整体掌握有—定的困难，稍有不慎考生就会偏离作者所论述的主题。 1、对夹叙夹议形式的完形填空要把叙和议结合起来：应 始终努力去把握文章的主旨，不能只顾选择答案，而不注意事件和论点的关系。 2、真正议论形式的完形填空一般是直接提出论点，通过 论据，然后提出作者的看法，或提出一个话题供大家讨论。一般来说，作者的态度十分明确，考生就容易了解作者对事情的看法。如果作者不是直接提出自己的见解，而是通过一个或几个人对某一现象的论述来间接赞扬、批评或提出某种见解，就
要求考生能认识并正确把握作者借助于他人之口阐述的自己的观点。 二：“记叙文”类完形填空解题技巧 记叙文主要包括幽默故事、名人传记、事件叙述等。文中以叙述为主，通jiq过人物之间的对话来反映人们对事件的看法及其起因。叙述上多半用平述的形式，很少加入作者的评论。因此如果对文章上下文情景把握不住，就会失分。为了减少失分率，考生可以参考以下几点： 1、首先读懂文章的首句，把握全篇，弄清文章要讲什么。 完形填空一般没有标题，读懂第一句很关键。第一句一般不留空，是个完整的句子，整篇文窜的信息从此句开始。因此读好第一句不仅能够把握文章要讲什么内容，而且也可能把握作者的写作态度。因此，考生最好在读完第一句话后，不要急于看下一句，而是应先根据首句内容，对下文所要出现的故事进行一下推测，这有利于靠近作者的思路，避免走弯路。 2、先通读全文，掌握大意，理清各种角色。 记叙文一般有两个或两个以上的角色，作者对这些角色的态度各不一样，即使同样—件事发生在不同人身上作者也可能采用不同的写作描述。 3、理顺事件的发生、发展、结局 记叙文的多项选择式完形填空题多半以事情发展的顺序进行叙述。正确把握文章的发展顺序对于把握文章的主旨有着重要的意义，因此在选择答案时可以先理情人物的关系及各自所做的事情。 三：“说明文”类完形填空解题技巧 说明文的完形填空一般比较短，用比较简单的语言，来介绍事物、解释事理。一般包括;特点、类别、性质、成因、关
5.4 完形填空篇之说明文 Ⅰ.完形填空 We convince ourselves that life will be better once we are married, have a baby，then another. Then we get __1__ because our children are not old enough, and that __2__ will be well when they are older. Then we are frustrated __3__ they reach adolescence and we must deal with them. Surely we'll be __4__ when they grow out of the teen years. We tell ourselves our __5__ will be better when our spouse(配偶) gets his/her act together, when we have a nicer car, when we can take a __6__， when we finally retire. The __7__ is that there is no better time to be happy than __8__. If not, then when? Your life will always be full of __9__. It is better to admit as much and to decide to be happy __10__ it all. For the longest time, it seemed that life was about to start—real life. But there was always some obstacle(挫折) along the way, an ordeal(苦难)to __11__， some work to be finished, some time to be given, a bill to be __12__. Then life would __13__. It finally dawned on me that those __14__ were part of life. Little by little, that point of __15__ also helped me see that there isn't any road to happiness. Happiness is the road. So, __16__ every moment. And bear in mind that __17__waits for no one. So stop __18__school to end, for a return to school, to lose ten pounds, to __19__ ten pounds, for work to begin, to get married, …before deciding to be happy. Happiness is a voyage, not a destination.There is no __20__ time to be happy than…NOW！Live and enjoy the moment. 1．A.pleased B．happy C．frustrated D．frightened 2．A.we B．they C．all D．nothing 3．A.because B．but C．so D．and 4．A.luckier B．happier C．older D．healthier
专题限时集训(二十)完形填空——说明文 A (·湖北八校联考)Most people are poor listeners.Even when we think we are listening carefully，we usually 1 only half of what we hear，and we remember even less.Improving your listening skills can be 2 in every part of your life. The most important 3 of poor listening is giving in to distractions (分心的事物) and letting our thoughts 4 ．Sometimes，however，we listen too 5 ．We try to remember every word a speaker says，and we lose the 6 message by concentrating on details.In other situations，we may jump to conclusions and 7 a speaker without hearing out the message.Finally，we often judge people by their 8 or speaking manner 9 listening to what they say. You can 10 these poor listening habits by taking several steps.First，take listening 11 and commit yourself to becoming a better listener.Second，work at being a(n) 12 listener.Give your undivided attention to the speaker in a genuine effort to 13 her or his ideas.Third，14 distractions.Make a conscious effort to keep your mind on what the speaker is saying.Fourth，try not to be 15 by appearance or delivery. 16 preconceived (事先形成的) judgments based on a person's looks or manner of speech.Fifth，suspend (延缓) judgment 17 you have heard the speaker's entire message.Sixth，18 your listening by paying attention to main points，to evidence，and to the speaker's techniques.Finally，develop your note-taking skills.When done 19 ，note taking is an excellent way to improve your concentration and to keep track of a speaker's 20 ．It almost forces you to become a more attentive and creative listener. 【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何才能成为一名好的倾听者。1．A．grasp B．realize C．believe D．choose A[根据上文的“poor listeners”及下文的“remember even less”可知，即便认真
2020年高考英语说明文完形填空专题卷（附答案） 1.完形填空,阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Third Culture Kids As more cities and companies become increasing international, there is a growing number of children that are creating their own sub-culture. Often 1 to as TCKs (Third Culture Kids) or Global Nomads, these students have a(n) 2 impact on the global community. So who are these Third Culture Kids? They are not a new phenomenon. As one looks 3 history, there is a realization that certain groups of people have led highly 4 lives, a key 5 in describing TCKs. They often 6 their parents into another country and spend a significant part of his or her development years outside the parents' culture. They are 7 to new cultures and to other people in the community who 8 move constantly. Their numbers 9 into the hundreds of thousands and are increasing. Ease of 10 and constant relocation of people through multinational companies and global business links contribute to this 11 . The question “Who am I?” is frequently asked by TCKs. They have 12 a host of cultural identities, and have built relationships to all the cultures, 13 not having full ownership of any. Although elements from each culture are absorbed into TCK's life experience, the sense of 14 is in relationship to others of a similar background. As you enter into the world of TCKs, one might suspect they are no 15 . But it is 16 , after spending only a short time with them, that they bring a deep knowledge from inside and a special ability to compare 17 and local issues. They represent many countries and cultures. They are the future cross-culturalists and 18 future politicians, diplomats, government employees and educators. They certainly experience a different lifestyle compared to their mono-cultural peers but we can benefit from their global and 19 lives. So, whatever one chooses to label the international students as ---TCKs, Global Nomads, or Global Souls ---we will gain unbelievable 20 . 1. A. referred B. appealed C. subscribed D. submitted 2. A. initial B. temporary C. immediate D. tremendous 3. A. down on B. back on C. up to D. forward to 4. A. adventurous B. mobile C. civilized D. primitive 5. A. figure B. reason C. cause D. factor 6. A. drive B. divide C. accompany D. invite 7. A. connected B. addicted C. exposed D. committed 8. A. frequently B. also C. rarely D. altogether 9. A. change B. burst C. break D. extend 10. A. communication B. travel C. interaction D. export
说明文篇 1 Some people believe that some star signs get along better with each other than other star signs. Perhaps we should first start with those star signs that are incompatible( 合不来 的). Aries and Leo are not a good match.10f them are leaders.Aries is energetic and is not compatible with Leo because Leo is strong and confident.Als09 Pisces and Taurus are not a good pair. Taurus is practical and will not be2to wait for Pisces to stop3! Perhaps the best choice of friend for Taurus is Capricorn Taurus can be stubborn and Capricorn is patient and will be prepared to wait for Taurus to change his or her 4 . Aries should get to know Pisces. Aries is active but Pisces is gentle and easy- going. They are a good match Leo can be matched5- with Libra. Leo likes to give gifts and Libra likes beautiful things. The perfect pair are Libra and Scorpio.Libra does not like t06and loves peace. Libra will never ask Scorpio about his or her secrets.In addition, Libra will be quite happy to watch Scorpi07things. Sagittarius and Gemini are also a perfect match. Sagittarius loves to travel and Geminiloves t08new things.Sagittarius has a good sense of humour and will enjoy9Gemini talk. Virgo and Aquarius are a good match too. Sometimes, however, there can be problems in their relationship.Aquarius has many friends but Virgo worries10 about meeting a lot of people. () 1. A. All B. Both C. One D. Each () 2. A. enough impatient B.impatient.enough C. patient enough. D. enough patient () 3. A. dream B. dreams C. to dream D. dreaming () 4. A. mind B. secret C. name D. details () 5. A. bad B. badly C. well D. good () 6. A. save time B. argue C. dream D. wait () 7. A. to do B. does C. did D. doing () 8. A. look at B. look C. discover D. look after () 9. A. listen B. listen to C. listening to D. listening ()10. A. alot of B. lots of C. many D. alot 2 Stress is the feeling you get when you're really worried about something.This is the kind of worry that troubles you for hours, or l _ days. It makes you feel blue, scared or angry. You may find it 2 _ to eat and sleep, or you might eat and sleep much more than usual. Too much stress is bad for you. Stressing out can lead to serious -3like heart illnesses. But a moderate(适度的 ) amount of stress keeps your body and4alert (警觉的 ) and can make your performance better, like when you are doing a presentation to your class or _5to the finishing line. But, if you are seriously stressed out, look at these quick and easy ways to _ 6. Firstly, you can go for a run, play tennis or ride your bike for a while7exercise
完形填空专练(五)说明文 A (2016·河北省衡水中学高三一调考试) Laziness is a state of inaction. It is something that you do, not something that you are. Being lazy means you have no __1__ to do anything.Many people are __2__ themselves to be someone who is lazy. In this article, I am going to __3__ with you something that will help you see this state of inaction in a(n) __4__ way. Lazy people are often seen as useless. __5__，are they really being lazy or are they acting lazy？Acting lazy is suggesting that your laziness is __6__. But being lazy suggests that it lasts long. Many people are not really lazy; they __7__ are people who are temporarily acting that way. So what __8__ a person to be inactive? The answer is a lack of goals. If you give someone a good enough __9__ to do something, he will do it. People who don't __10__ to do anything just haven't found a good enough reason to do it. __11__ students don't study because they don't see the __12__ in studying. If you give them a reason, a strong enough reason, they will take __13__. For example, if you are too lazy to go to the gym, would you go if someone __14__ you a million dollars to go? If you are too lazy to clean out the garage, would someone __15__ a gun to your head help you take action? The reason can be positive or negative __16__ it's strong enough to induce (引起) action. The bottom line of knowing how to __17__ laziness comes down to finding enough reasons to take action. Action will __18__ success while inaction will result in __19__. To motivate someone who is lazy, what you need to do is to help him find enough __20__ to work towards a certain goal. 1.A.courage B．question C．time D．motivation 2．A.agreeing B．denying C．considering D．refusing 3．A.argue B．share C．compete D．compare 4．A.different B．interesting C．ordinary D．primary 5．A.Otherwise B．Besides C．However D．Therefore 6．A.correct B．false C．temporary D．inspirational 7．A.simply B．occasionally
中考英语完形填空 说明文03 1.完形填空 London is one of the largest cities in the world. What other 1 do you know about it? Do you know there are three "Londons"? One is the City of London, the oldest part of London. It is the country's' financial (金融的) center. The City is 2 in the day. Lots of people work there. But at night the City is a different 3 . Most people who work there don't 4 there. The City is quiet at night. Another is the West End 5 lots of popular shops and hotels. It's the 6 part of London. There are great theaters, cinemas, museums, long streets of fine shops, and parks. So many people around the world 7 the West End every year. The Houses of Parliament, Whitehall, the Buckingham Palace are also in the West End. Whitehall is very 8 street. Most of government offices (政府机关) are there. If the City is the "money" of London, and the West End is the "goods (商品)" of London, 9 the East End is the "hands" of London. There are lots of factories in the East End, and many people work there. Many of 10 live a poor life. 1. A. results B. ideas C. facts D. dreams 2. A. dark B. crowded C. large D. clean 3. A. place B. problem C. time D. size 4. A. study B. live C. act D. shop 5. A. on B. at C. with D. about 6. A. quietest B. poorest C. finest D. oldest 7. A. save B. visit C. leave D. miss 8. A. important B. terrible C. funny D. dirty 9. A. and B. or C. but D. then 10. A. us B. them C. ours D. theirs 【答案】（1）C；（2）B；（3）A；（4）B；（5）C；（6）C；（7）B；（8）A；（9）D；（10）B； 【解析】本文介绍了伦敦的三个最大的区。 （1）句意：关于其他的事实你还知道什么？A结果，B主意，C事实，D梦想，根据London is one of the largest cities in the world伦敦是世界上最大的城市之一，可知这是事实，故选C。 （2）句意：这个城市白天很拥挤。A黑暗的，B拥挤的，C大的，D干净的，根据Lots of people work there，可知许多人在那里工作会很拥挤，故选B。（3）句意：但是到了晚上，这个地方就不一样了。A地方，B问题，C时间，D尺寸，City of London是一个地方，故选A。 （4）句意：大多数在那里工作的人不住在那里。A学习，B居住，C表演，D 阻止，根据The City is quiet at night夜晚很安静，故他们不住在那，故选B。
--解题技巧及典例剖析 1.文章多用现在时态 说明文通常是对客观事物或实例的介绍与说明，与时间的变化关系不大，所以文章常用现在时态。 2.语言简练、平实、准确，常采用客观描述 说明文的目的主要是帮助读者认清事物，明白事理，所以语言简练、平实、易于理解，内容客观真实，很少含有带感情的词汇。 3.文章主题明确，层次分明 说明文类完形填空往往在文章开头就点明说明对象，从而为学生们把握文章主题提供了有利 1.利用说明文首句，明确说明对象 典例1(2015·重庆高考B) Imagine the first days in a new time zone . Slow to respond to the 28______ , your body clock is confused. You're sleepy all day, but when it's time for bed, you can hardly fall asleep. Obviously you're 29 _________jet lag(时差反应）. 28.A.flight B. change C. demand D. climate 【解析】：下文的“jet lag(时差反应）”说明，在旅行时要适应时差。 29.A.suffering from B. working on C. looking into D. leading to 【解析】：上文的“hardly fall asleep”说明人们常常不能顺利地倒时差；suffer from“受折磨”。【答案】：28.B29.A 2.关注内在联系，把握说明顺序 常见的说明顺序有时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序（如因果关系、果因关系、先主后次等）和认识顺序（如由此及彼、由浅入深、由局部到整体、由现象到本质、由具体到抽象等）。典例2(2015·广东高考）
说明文1 Travelers to new cities are often told to start their trip with a bus tour. The thinking is that they can then go to the places that _1_ them. Nonsense! What you see from the _2_ of a moving bus is _3_ and completely removed from the real sights, sounds, and _4_ outside. Be adventurous! The best _5_ to experience any place is on foot and with absolutely no travel plan. _6_ go wherever your feet and your interests _7_ you. You finally will get to the _8_ sites that are on the bus tour---the museums, the monuments, city hall---but you will have seem much more. You will have _9_ the present life of the city. “But what if I get lost?” people might ask. No one ever gets _10_ lost in a major city. At first you can find you way back to a(an)_11_ location. If it _12_ you to be “lost”, just find a taxi and go back to where you started. However ,the _13_things can happen if you get lost. You _14_ at a sidewalk café to sit and relax. You ask instructions of the local people at the next table. And _15_ they don’t speak your language, your trip becomes more memorable because of the _16_. Here are a few more ways to get the most out of your travel. Know before you go. _17_ a few hours before you trip learning about the history and culture of your destination. This will help you understand what you’re seeing. Move around like a local. Use the subways and buses of the city you’re _18_. You’ll not only save money, but you’ll also learn boards around universities. Check the bulletin boards. Sometimes you can find advertisement for free concert, and _19_ fun activities on bulletin boards around universities. So the next time you see a poster advertising an introductory bus tour, save your money. Instead, wander _20_. I promise you a time you’ll remember with great pleasure. (C) 1: A. encourage B. disappoint C. interest D. please (A) 2: A inside B. back C. front D. center (C) 3: A. real B. true C. unreal D. common (D) 4: A. views B. cities C. towns D. smells (B) 5: A. idea B. way C. thought D. thinking (A) 6: A. simply B. particular C. generally D. especially (A) 7: A. lead B. move C. tell D. help (D) 8: A. different B. wrong C. right D. same (B) 9: A. left B. felt C. lived D. led (C) 10: A. terribly B. possibly C. hopelessly D. finally (B) 11: A. unknown B. well-known C. strange D. familiar (A) 12: A. frightens B. supposes C. delights D. surprises (C) 13: A. worst B. hardest C. nicest D. happiest (D) 14: A. reach B. get C. arrive D. stop (D) 15: A. in case B. as a result C. in fact D. even if (A) 16: A. experience B. conversation C. talk D. trip (B) 17: A take B. spend C. pay D. use (B) 18: A. seeing B. visiting C. going D. walking (D) 19: A. the other B. another C. others D. other (C或D) 20: A. of your own B. of yourself C. on your own D. by yourself 说明文2 Switzerland is famous _1_ its watches, _2_ , it was not the country that made the first watch in the world. It was the Britain _3_ did it. Here is a story of how the watch was brought to Switzerland.
A [2010·高考冲刺预测卷（全国卷II）] 词数：291 体裁：说明文难度：4 Mobile phones are everywhere. It seems that no one can 21 without one. Mobile phones are a great way to stay 22 with friends and family. 23 it is important to remember that there are certain 24 when you should not be using your phone, the most important of these being during 25 . There is no reason 26 you should feel the need to have your mobile phone during class. Aren’t you at school to 27 .If you are in class, you should not be 28 your friends text messages or taking phone calls. In America students would never be 29 to use their mobile phones during class. If you were to send or 30 a text message you would probably be kicked out of class. It is OK to have your mobile phone with you, you just need to remember to turn it 31 . It is very disturbing to hear a lot of tones and 32 during class. As a teacher in China, I have to deal with students 33 mobile phones everyday. I have told my class to turn off their phones, 34 many students do not listen. The desire to be connected all the time seems to be 35 than the desire to learn. It’s easy to understand why it is so tempting(诱惑人的)to have your phone on during class. It seems so 36 to just send a short text message; it’s not 37 anyone, is it? But you may actually be hurting yourself when you do this. Sending a text message also 38 your attention away from what’s 39 in class, you may miss 40 important. The next time you think about sending a message in class you should think again. 21. A. survive B. act C. study D. peak 22. A. friendly B. close C. connected D. natural 23. A. Instead B. However C. Sometimes D. Finally 24. A. times B. days C. hours D. weeks 25. A. shopping B. meeting C. rest D. school 26. A. when B. that C. why D. where 27. A. play B. learn C. help D. fight 28. A. sending B. writing C. posting D. retaining 29. A. hoped B. wished C. allowed D. encouraged 30. A. keep B. help C. take D. receive 31. A. on B. in C. out D. off 32. A. ringing B. sound C. voice D. shouts 33. A. thinking B. using C. considering D. bringing 34. A. and B. so C. but D. then 35. A. faster B. stronger C. lower D. easier 36. A. cheap B. hard C. easy D. brave 37. A. hurting B. meeting C. knowing D. killing 38. A. pays B. puts C. breaks D. takes 39. A. coming on B. going through C. going on D. coming by 40. A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing