新通教育
托福独立写作结构剖析
目前最常见的三种托福独立写作结构：结构一：开头段+正面理由段1+正面理由段2+让步段+结尾段 （共五段）
结构二：开头段+正面理由段1+正面理由段2+正面理由段3+结尾段 （共五段）
结构三：开头段+正面理由段1+正面理由段2+结尾段 （共四段）
同学们，你的作文是哪一种结构呢？确定好后，请看下面剖析！结构一剖析---最容易“死”的结构开头段+正面理由段1+正面理由段2+让步段+结尾段【优劣评价】大体估计，目前托福考生中有70%的考生托福独立写作结构如结构一，这种方法及其容易上手，随便选择两个理由说5-7句，再加上一个 “Admittedly”开头的让步段，3-5句，正是因为容易上手得到了广泛的传播。
但是，这种结构在外国人的作文中并不常见，原因如下：1. 让步段的段落长度一般只有前面理由段的一半，这样中间的三个理由段（正面理由段1+正面理由段2+让步段）并没有在结构上形成完美的并列结构；2. 外国人眼中的让步段一定是充满思辨色彩的，绝不是我们中国考生笔下潦草几句 “不得不承认的是......但是......”肯定有学生说：“老师我写让步段是为了提到对方的观点，如果删去了，怎么对比呢？” 下面的叙述会给大家解答这个问题。
【分数验证】我6年前教授托福写作的时候，在“前人”的指引下，就给学生讲授这个方法，学生非常容易得到一个平庸的分数21,22分，但是很难冲击高分。我也经常自己考试，尝试各种写作方式，我的写作分数一般都是29,30分，但一次写了让步段，竟然26分。当然这个并不能保证完全有代表性，但是我用我的经验告诉同学们，请放弃让步段。作文结构二剖析---外国人经典的写作结构开头段+正面理由段1+正面理由段2+正面理由段3+结尾段（共五段）
【优劣评价】
这种结构是英语中两个非常经典的结构之一（另一个经典结构就是我下文说的），因此使用这种结构绝对不会犯错。但这样写作有一个问题是，学生的语言质量非常不容易控
制，学生自由发展的空间很大，洋洋洒洒的行文，如果学生语言功底好，则就是高分，如果学生语言功底差，就很难达到高分。现在，回答上面学生问关于让步段提到对方观点的问题，使用结构二，我们可以在每一个理由段内进行对比，进行让步。
【分数验证】三年前我选择了这样的结构教学，使出浑身解数，最大化学生的提分效果，也有28，29分的学员，但是频率不高。三年的28,29分出分学员人数，不如近3个月高分学员总人数的三分之一。事实就是这么残酷。作文结构三剖析---托福写作28,29分的结构开头段+正面理由段1+正面理由段2+结尾段（共四段）
【优劣评价】也许同学们会问，这个结构就是比第二个结构少了一段，为什么会有这么大的差别呢？当然实际的情况不仅仅是你看的这样。这样的理由段内我们是要求包含分论点+例子，充分的满足托福作文对于explanation & exemplification的要求，避免了学生扬扬洒洒行文，将结构和语言尽可能固定规范。具体中间段落结构如下：Topic sentence + 分论点1+解释+分论点2+解释+例子
新通教育
As the economy and technology develop at an incredible speed in today’s society, there are an increasing number of people believing that the most important problems affecting our society today could be solved within our lifetime. In my view, however, this is out of the question and the three most significant problems affecting the society, namely war, environmental destruction and disease, will still influence us and may not be entirely resolved forever. War is a problem afflicting humans since they took into being in the first place. Wars take place when different countries have conflicting benefits, which is unlikely to be eliminated as long as the boundaries between countries still exist. For instance, in the Middle East where water is extremely scarce, many countries are in conflict in contention for water resources. Since every country acts for the sake of its own benefit, it seems that people in the region are incapable of living together in harmony. Eternal world peace, therefore, is unlikely to be achieved in our lifetime. Environmental destruction emerged not long before but it is becoming increasingly severe and can not be ignored. With the large-scale utilization of fossil fuels and rapid development of industry, huge amounts of pollutants are being produced, contaminating the environment to a large degree. The disposal of these pollutants being a tough task, it is hardly possible that we can completely get rid of them within a short period of time. Furthermore, even if we can come up with optimal methods for dealing with these substances, there remains the problem that these methods may cost too much and obstruct the development of economy. Last but not least, the well-being of people around the world is threatened by a variety of diseases, ranging from AIDS to cancer, the cures for which have not been discovered yet. Diseases set off panics among humans, affect their normal life and leave people badly off with the high medical expenses. There are thousands of scientists devoting themselves to finding cure for diseases, but new types of diseases keep emerging and there is no eliminating all of them. In summary, the problems with the most significance today are going to be passed on to our offspring. To eliminate these problems thoroughly, there is still a long way to go.
托福独立写作：六篇高分范文推荐 写作题目: Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People spend too much money on their pets even though there can be other good ways to spend money. Give details and examples to support your response. 人们花了太多的钱在宠物身上，而实际上有其他更好的消费方式，用细节和例子支撑你的观点。 写作范文 With the rise of the middle class, more and more people spend money on things that are not essential to their daily needs. As the average wealth of households has increased, many trends have emerged. One trend that has appeared recently in my neighborhood is the increase in the amount of money people spend on their pets, and for me this is definitely the truth. The reason why people spend too much money on their pets is because they believe their pets to be more than just animals. They assign to them many human characteristics. This does not mean that I do not like pets. I love pets. My father is a biologists and growing up our house was always filled with lots of strange and unique pets. Pets play a very important role in families and I think we should take care of animals. I love volunteering for the local animal shelter and helping find homes for stray pets. I like taking care of animals and I will be the first to help an animal in need. I do not, however, believe that we should treat pets like humans. My neighbors, on the other hand, have a different opinion. They love their dogs, but I think they are a rather extreme when it comes to taking care of their dogs. For example, their dogs have their own feather beds that cost 300 dollars each. I think tha t’s how much all of the furniture in my bedroom costs! My neighbors claim that their dogs have back problems and that the dogs need these beds. I am not sure the dogs realize this, because last time I visited my neighbors I saw that the dogs had ripped a bunch of holes in these beds. Maybe humans think these dog beds are more comfortable, but I highly doubt that dogs know the difference between a several hundred dollar mattress and a ten dollar mattress. Buying these kinds of luxury items for pets is very silly. Spending exorbitant amounts of money on one’s pet is not only pointless, but it’s also wasteful. It’s pointless because pets can’t determine the quality of an object. It’s wasteful, because there are so many better things on which to spend
Five Paragraph Essay Structure The five-paragraph essay is the commonest and most basic form of academic essay used in English and American high schools. Below you will find a map of the essay structure, and we will be using this structure in all of our argumentative and persuasive essays. Introduction (3-4 sentences) 1.Hook – Attracts the readers attention and introduces the main idea 2.Bridge – Develops the topic enough to explain the thesis statement 3.Thesis Statement – Introduces the topic and controlling ideas of the essay Main body Paragraph 1 (5 sentences) 1.Topic sentence – Introduces the topic and controlling idea for this paragraph (this controlling idea should be linked to the thesis statement) 2.Development – The topic should be expanded and more information introduced (5W1H) 3.Evidence – An example/fact should be used to prove your opinion 4.Development – Further develop the fact and show how it proves your point 5.Concluding sentence – Pulls together and summarises main point from topic sentence and paragraph Main body Paragraph 2 (5 sentences) 1.Topic sentence – Introduces the topic and controlling idea for this paragraph (this controlling idea should be linked to the thesis statement) 2.Development – The topic should be expanded and more information introduced (5W1H) 3.Evidence – An example/fact should be used to prove your opinion 4.Development – Further develop the fact and show how it proves your point 5.Concluding sentence – Pulls together and summarises main point from topic sentence and paragraph Counter Argument (4-5 sentences) 1.Counter argument –Introduces opposition’s strongest argument 2.Refutation – Explain why that argument is not valid or appropriate 3.Example – Use an example to support your refutation 4.Development (optional) - Further develop the fact and show how it proves your point 5.Concluding sentence - Pulls together and summarises main point from refutation Conclusion 1.Restate thesis – Restate the main topic and controlling idea from the thesis statement (paraphrased) 2.Summary – Summarise the main points from the article to support your opinion 3.Conclusion – Create a new idea/thinking point based on the points raised in the article
托福独立写作中间段2种常用写法优 劣势对比分析 托福独立写作中间段一般大家都会写3段，也就是围绕主要观点树立三个分论点来分别展开。今天和大家分享托福独立写作中间段2种常用写法优劣势对比分析,希望能帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。 托福独立写作中间段2种常用写法优劣势对比分析 托福独立写作主体段如何丰富结构? 托福考生经常会有疑惑的问题就是：我的三个主体段全部都是讲故事，好像手法太单一了，会不会被扣分?如何丰富?答案是：有可能;以及，偶尔的使用纯解释型段落。众所周知，TOEFL写作中展开手法有两种，exemplification和explanation。例证显然是二者中更简单的一个。因此，大部分同学都更倾向于使用例证。因为它更容易快速上手，并且大家可以通过举例来展开具体化的细节，从而获得高分。但注意，如果三个主体段全部是讲故事展开，未免会有语言太差的嫌疑。因此，除了例证，我们*中最好可以稍微涉及到一些说理部分。 举例和说理写法各自优势讲解
例证的优势即为能够更轻松的展开出有效并具体化的细节，或俗称“好凑字”。解释的好处为语言简练，表达效率高，*的递进性、节奏会更紧凑。这两种论证方式都有各自的明显优势，考生在选择写法时也需要结合自身需求(比如提升*篇幅用举例，增强说服力用说理)。 举例和说理写法弱点对比分析 例证在TOEFL写作中并无太明显的劣势。解释的劣势就比较明显了。同样的一个分论点，有的同学用例证可以很轻松写到200字，而解释只能说到100字。有的同学可能有个刻板印象：讲故事的语言通常比较简单，句式单一，因此不容易得高分。注意，讲故事语言和句式也是可以复杂的;或者大家可以选择简单但地道的表达，可同样可以获得满分。 托福独立写作中如何选择不同写法? 因此我们以后考场上的答题战略很简单。第一段为例证段落。目的为使劲凑字，尽量直接写满200字。第二、三段可以选择简短的小故事或者解释性段落，分别写到60～100字左右。这样主体段已经达到至少320字，再加上开头结尾段，可以轻松满足350字的字数要求。 托福独立写作说理explanation写法怎么练?
2015 13 1.25 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? When working on a project, it’s better for classmates or colleagues to communicate face to face than sending emails. 2.1 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Movies and televisions have more negative influences than positive influences on young people's behavior. 3.7 2 Some people think that it is an important part of a child’s education to go on field trips (for example, museums), other people think a child’s time is better spent learning in a classroom at school. What is your opinion? 3.28 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It's better to complete a project and then start another one than to do several things at the same time. 4.12 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The government should spend money helping more people access the Internet instead of improving public transportation. 6.13 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It's better to spend money enjoying life like going on vacation than to save money for the future. 6.29 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: it's better to make friends with intelligent people than with people who have a sense of humor? 9.5 In order to attract more tourists, the government could either improve safety by hiring more police or improve its appearance by repairing old buildings and streets. Which way do you think is more effective? 9.12 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In order to achieve success, we must be more similar to others than be different from others. 10.10 Which is better for children's education: 9-month study and 3-month break or 3-month study and 1-month break? 10.11 Instead of spending money on exploration of outer space, government should 10.25
托福独立写作满分范文下载 托福独立写作可谓是托福考试中的一道拦路虎，在这里为大家整理一片托福独立写作的满分范文，供同学们参考。 Does technology make children less creative than in the past? Are our kids becoming lazier and less creative, less imaginable than before as a consequence of highlyadvanced technology? My answer is no, and just the opposite, technology has apparently assisted our kids tobecome more creative. First and foremost, technology has provided children with easy access to scientific and liberal art resourceswhich is their best source of inspiration. For example, children could now easily gain access to academic databasesthrough iPad screen, read classical works on Kindle, or watch historic documents on Internet. These great worksare essentially helpful to arousing their curiosity and prepares them with key knowledge necessary for any creation.However, these wonderful equipments and facilities are never as handy in the past, when kids could only reachlimited resources in public libraries or schools. In this sense, technology has provided the possibility for children tobe more creative. Second, technology has equipped children with professional apparatus which could finally realize theirimagination. This takes form particularly as computer softwares and applications, such as Photoshop for creativegraphic design, Overture for easily composing a piece of music, 3DMax for building up a virtual world, etc.. Allthe software were never as handy as they are at present, and this would absolutely provides our children aneffective tool for realizing their creativity. Third, technology itself is a market place where creative ideas are economically encouraged. Steve Jobsearned millions of dollars a year for his unparallel creation, and Mark Zuckberg gained his reputation for thegenius social network. Therefore, technology has provided children the internal motive to develop their creativity. However, it is undeniable that technology might make children become lazier and be comfortable with whatis already available because everything are so convenient nowadays and there seems to be no way to improve them.Children lost in
托福独立写作范文解析2020 在备考托福写作的过程中，如何写出一篇好*，下面就和大家分享托福作文，希望能够帮助到大家，一起来学习吧! 托福独立写作范文解析如何写好* Essay Topic Which one is the most important for teacher of high school? 1. The ability to help students plan for their future; 2. The ability to find the students who need help most and help them; 3. Teach students how to learn outside the classroom. 就这道题来讲，题型基本结构的选择有两种：三项能力都重要，但是第一项最重要;或者，第一项是重要的，而第二项和第三项是不重要的。其他的*结构都是这两种的变体。我们拿第二种结构举例： 总论点：规划未来能力最重要(vs.发现需要帮助的同学教会自学) 主体段1：学生最需要规划，而只有老师有能力提供
主体段2：发现需要帮助的能力不重要，因为学生自己会来找 主体段3：课外自学不重要，高中生没有课外时间 The ability to help student with planning their future is definitely the most important capability for high school teachers. To begin with, high school students are in desperate need for guidance about their future, and teachers are the only competent candidate to provide it. I know this from my personal experience. When I was in high school, a great portion of my classmates’ only goal is to reach for the minimum requirement for graduation, and to be able to get an offer from a middle-ranged college in the US, as all 15-year-old boys are profoundly addicted to either computer games or love affairs. Because of our immature mind, we had no idea regarding the choice of universities, or the selection of a future career path. What made matters worse is that our high school teachers provided us with virtually zero guidance concerning our college applications, not because they lack of the intention, but simply because they know nothing about it. Consequently, the vast majority of our parents had to hire an outside agency that specializes in the college application process which costs tons of money. Later we realized that this is an utter mistake, for what they
托福写作辅导：托福考试满分作文欣赏（１） Which one do you prefer, to solve problems on your own experience and knowledge, or to ask others for advice? As knowledge and experience serve as twim towers in problem-solving, one is often presented with two major paths that pave the way for final fulfillment, eitther to wrack his brain, just like what happened to Neuton, siiting for many years under an apple tree and eventually figuring out ond of the greatest universal rules that govern the whole globe, or to seek for others ’ widsom through their advice, just as in the case of Benjinin Franklin, gathering great minds under one roof and then establishing a most world-renown libray. Both ways work. When a practical goal is involved, however, Benjimin Franklin may best be regareded as a role model in this respect and asking people for advice often turn out to be the prime alternative. Experience and knowledge borrowed or learned from others’ advice contribute greatly to effectiveness and effeciency for a goal-accomplishment. Not all experience and knowledge related to problem-solving can be obtained by personal effort alone due to limitations of mind and capabilities of each individual. A single thought in someone’s mind is, more often than not, far less shining compared with group ’s wisdom. That explains the famous old saying that one sees further when standing upon the shoulders’ of past great giants; that explains why a great leader is always with greater minds; that also explains why teamwork in corperation is highly emphasized in the 21st century. Brainstorm and exchange of ideas between different thoughts never fail to enhance capabilities of each individula involved, a team, a company, an institution, a country, or even the entire global village. Asking others’ advice instead of getting everything done on one’s own promotes democracy and communication too. In terms of democracy, it is necessary to give others rights and chances to speak since the problem may concern them in different ways, and their saying in turn reflects our respect toward freedom of speech as well as their wisdom. In terms of communication, idea exchange sometimes focuses more than solutions, and hereby better mutual understanding about perspectives, principles, praticalities and personalities of each other. Admittely turning to others for help and suggestion by no means refers to absolute and irresponsible dependence. Consideration upon different thoughts and ideas broadens our mind, enlarges our vision, furthers understanding, enhances more effective and efficient brainstorm, and stresses mutual respect in groups and communities, which undoubtedly gives rise to better, if not the best solutions. As is paraphrasedfrom John F Kenedy, brainstormed, there is little we cannot do while divided, there is little we can do. 托福写作辅导：托福考试满分作文欣赏(2) Case of Benjinin Franklin, gathering great minds under one roof and then establishing a most world-renown libray. Both ways work. When a practical goal is involved, however, Benjimin Franklin may best be regareded as a role model in this respect and asking people for advice often turn out to be the prime alternative. Experience and knowledge borrowed or learned from others' advice contribute greatly
托福独立写作开头段写法要点 良好的开端是我们做好一件事的前提和基础。而这样的道理同样适用于托福独立写作。下面就和大家分享托福写作开头段写法要点实例解析，希望能够帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。 托福独立写作高分*从头开始开头段写法要点实例解析 托福独立写作开头段低分原因分析 托福独立写作开头段写不好的问题比较普遍，之所以会存在这种问题，主要是由这些原因造成的。首先，在独立写作的写作框架中，一般都包括开头段、中间段和结尾段三大段落结构的划分。而从考试时间分配的角度来看，审题到完成70至90字左右的开头段，往往都建议把时间控制在5分钟以内，以便留出更为充分的时间进行中间段、结尾段的写作及最后检查。加上开头段看似简单、好操作的特点，很容易让许多考生忽略对开头段的练习和总结;或者是匆匆下笔;当然其中也存在一些学生看到独立写作题目后不知道如何下笔，导致后半部分时间没把握好、完成不佳的情况。那么综合以上的几种可能性的情况，我们该如何快速写好开头呢? 写好托福独立写作开头段要点讲解
作为一篇*的起始段，毫无疑问，开头段的写作好坏与否能够给包括阅卷老师在内的广大读者留下一个基础印象，即初步了解考生的英语语言组织基础和逻辑能力。因此，为了便于广大考生快速且高效地掌握独立写作的开头段方法，更好地呈现其语言及逻辑能力，在开头段的写作中，建议大家先掌握基础的“四部曲”的写作步骤： 1. 背景铺垫 在独立写作的背景铺垫中，首先我们需要明晰独立写作常考的15个topic，其中包括education，technology，sports等。在审题、理解题意之后，可以适当定位关键词进行文题分析和头脑风暴，进行社会背景定位。如托福独立写作真题：Which is more important in ones career life? The working knowledge and skills or the ability to adapt to new conditions.我们可以定位其核心关键词为career life;working knowledge and skills和adaptability为选择项;可以定位本题所属topic为work，因此可以以“work or career life”作为背景铺垫进行开头段第一句话的写作。 示范： Increasingly，under the backdrop of the fierce social competition and the need for searching for individual growth，people especially employees show great concern to their career development.
2017年托福写作真题 2017.1.7 You are helping to select a leader for a student organization or a group. Do you think a person's honest is the most important characteristic for being a leader? for a student organization or a group限定作用 2017.1.14 As a student of university that has a long break between university semesters, the university requires all students to do one of the following for one month during the break: 1.Students must take a course on the subject that has no direct connection to their majors of study (For example, a student majoring in engineering may take course in fine arts or social science.) 2.Students must volunteer to work in the university’ s city or their hometowns to improve some aspects of life of the city or their own town. (For example, students may help local primary school children with their homework.) Which one do you think is more beneficial for students in their university? Why? Given detailed examples and reasons. Use your OWN words, do NOT use memorized examples. that has a long break between university semesters 限定作用 2017.2.8 Sometimes we are assigned to work in a group on a project. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The group will be helped more by person who will be willing to do what other group members want than by person who often strongly insists that things should be done in a way that is different from what the group wants to do. 二选一 2017.2.25 Do you agree or disagree: The way people dresses are a good indication of his or her personality or character? Agree: 1.最直观的品质（1）风格是个社会银还是潮男他的喜好 （2）对一些的东西的喜欢颜色冷热 2.生活的态度（1）能好好打理自己积极面对生活 （2）对穿衣服很考究对其他事也很严格 Disagree:1.衣服并不能看出来（1）太忙了并不想浪费时间在穿衣上 （2）父母朋友随便送的 （3）职业限定 （4）不能通过一件事分析不同的人不同见解 2.喜欢的事情更能看出来（1）书是一个深奥坚持 （2）学科teacher—喜欢小孩外向程序员—内向… 通过接触可以发现（1）紧急想法 二选一 2017.2.26 Rather than help children with their schoolwork, parents should encourage their children do their work independently. 1.应该1对学习好（1）会自己找到错误（2）自己找的错误印象深刻更能理解 2培养能力（1）自己去完成独立思考的能力未来。 （2）去找人合作沟通的能力 责任感自己的事情负责对父母好（1）忙（2）教材创新 不应该1对学习好（1）孩子太小不能独立克服困难家长的帮助更高效 （2）家长更有知识讲一些延伸 2对小孩好（1）体验家庭的关爱增强关系家庭和睦 （2）防止他们抄袭 二选一