President Obama’s Address to Joint Session of Indian Parliament
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In the address to joint recession of India ,U.S. president Brack Obama has hailed India as an already emerged global power. Voa chief White House correspondant David Roberson reports Mr Obama said the United States will be indispensable for the 21th century. Near the end of three-day visit to India ,Mr Obama spoke about the vision he says the two countries can achieve.
“ From Asia and around the world India is not simply emerging ,India has emerged. And it’s my firm belief that relationship between the United States found by our shared influences and our shared values will be one of the finding partnerships of 21th century .”
Mr Obama says the both countries have a historical opportunity to fight the century ahead and promote common prosperity.
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
November 8, 2010
REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT
TO THE JOINT SESSION OF THE INDIAN PARLIAMENT
Parliament House
New Delhi, India
5:40 P.M. IST
THE PRESIDENT: Mr. Vice President, Madam Speaker, Mr. Prime Minister, members of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha, and most of all, the people of India.
I thank you for the great honor of addressing the representatives of more than one billion Indians and the world’s largest de mocracy. (Applause.) I bring the greetings and friendship of the world’s oldest democracy -- the United States of America, including nearly three million proud and patriotic Indian-Americans. (Applause.)
Over the past three days, my wife Michelle and I have experienced the -- and dynamism of India and its people -- from the majesty of Humayun’s Tomb to the advanced technologies that are empowering farm ers and women who are the backbone of Indian society; from the
Diwali celebrations with schoolchildren to t he innovators who are fueling India’s economic rise; from the university students who will chart India’s future, to you —-leaders who helped to bring India to this moment of extraordinary promise.
At every stop, we have been welcomed with the hospitality for which Indians have always been known. So, to you and the people of India, on behalf of me, Michelle and the American people, please accept my deepest thanks. (Applause.) Bahoot dhanyavad. (Applause.)
Now, I am not the first American President to visit India. Nor will I be the last. But I am proud to visit India so early in my presidency. It’s no coincidence that India is my first stop on a visit to Asia, or that this has been my longest visit to another country since becoming President. (Applause.) For in Asia and around the world, India is not simply emerging; India has emerged. (Applause.)
And it is my firm belief that the relationship between the United States and India -- bound by our shared interests and our shared values -- will be one of the defining partnerships of the 21st century. This is the partnership I’ve come here to build. This is the vision that our nations can realize together.
My confidence in our shared future is grounded in my respect for India’s treasured past -- a civilization that’s been shaping the world for thousands of years. Indians unlocked the intricacies of the human body and the vastness of our universe. It’s no exaggeration to say that our Information Age is rooted in Indian innovations -- including the number zero. (Applause.)
Of course, India not only opened our minds, she expanded our moral imaginations -- with religious texts that still summon the faithful to lives of dignity and discipline, with poets who imagined a future “where the mind is without fear and the head is held high” -- (applause) -- and with a man whose message of love and justice endures -- the father of your nation, Mahatma Gandhi. (Applause.)
For me and Michelle, this visit has, therefore, held special meaning. See, throughout my life, including my work as a young man on behalf of the urban poor, I’ve always found inspiration in the life of Gandhiji and his simple and profound lesson to be the change we seek in the world. (Applause.) And just as he summoned Indians to seek their destiny, he influenced champions of equality in my own country, including a young preacher named Martin Luther King. After making his pilgrimage to India a half-century ago, Dr. King called Gandhi’s philosophy of non-violent resistance “the only logical and moral approach” in the s truggle for justice and progress. (Applause.)
So we were honored to visit the residence where Gandhi and King both stayed -- Mani Bhavan. And we were humbled to pay our respects at Raj Ghat. And I am mindful that I might not be standing before you today, as President of the United States, had it not been for Gandhi and the message he shared and inspired with America and the world. (Applause.)
An ancient civilization of science and innovation; a fundamental faith in human progress -- this is the sturdy foundation upon which you have built ever since that stroke of midnight when the tricolor was raised over a free and independent India. (Applause.) And despite the skeptics who said this country was simply too poor, or too vast, or too diverse to succeed, you surmounted overwhelming odds and became a model to the world.
Instead of slipping into starvation, you launched a Green Revolution that fed millions. Instead of becoming dependent on commodities and exports, you invested in science and technology and in your greatest resource -- the Indian people. And the world sees the results, from the supercomputers you build to the Indian flag that you put on the moon.
Instead of resisting the global economy, you became one of its engines -- reforming the licensing raj and unleashing an economic marvel that has lifted tens of millions of people from poverty and created one of the world’s largest middle classes.
Instead of succumbing to division, you have shown that the strength of India -- the very idea of India -- is its embrace of all colors, all castes, all creeds. (Applause.) It’s the diversity represented in this chamber today. It’s the richness of faiths celebrated by a visitor to my hometown of Chicago more than a century ago -- the renowned Swami Vivekananda. He said that, “holiness, purity and charity are not the exclusive possessions of any church in the world, and that every system has produced men and women of the most exalted character.”
And instead of being lured by the false notion that progress must come at the expense of freedom, you built the institutions upon which true dem ocracy depends -- free and fair elections, which enable citizens to choose their own leaders without recourse to arms -- (applause) -- an independent judiciary and the rule of law, which allows people to address their grievances; and a thriving free press and vibrant civil society which allows every voice to be heard. This year, as India m arks 60 years with a strong and democratic constitution, the lesson is clear: India has succeeded, not in spite of democracy; India has succeeded because of democracy. (Applause.)
Now, just as India has changed, so, too, has the relationship between our two nations. In the decades after independence, India advanced its interests as a proud leader of the nonaligned movement. Yet, too often, the United States and India found ourselves on opposite sides of a North-`South divide, estranged by a long Cold War. Those days are over.
Here in India, two successive governm ents led by different parties have recognized that deeper partnership with America is both natural and necessary. And in the United States, both of my predecessors -- one a Democrat, one a Republican -- worked to bring us closer, leading to increased trade and a landmark civil nuclear agreem ent. (Applause.)
So since that time, people in both our countries have asked: What’s next? How can we build on this progress and realize the full potential of our partnership? That’s what I want to address today -- the future that the United States seeks in an interconnected world, and why I believe that India is indispensable to this vision; how we can forge a truly global partnership
-- not just in one or two areas, but across many; not just for our mutual benefit, but for the benefit of the world.
Of course, onl y Indians can determine India’s national interests and how to advance them on the world stage. But I stand before you today because I am convinced that the interests of the United States -- and the interests we share with India -—are best advanced in partnership. I believe that. (Applause.)
The United States seeks security -- the security of our country, our allies and partners. We seek prosperity -- a strong and growing economy in an open international economic system. We seek respect for universal values. And we seek a just and sustainable international order that promotes peace and security by meeting global challenges through stronger global cooperation.
Now, to advance these interests, I have committed the United States to comprehensive engagement with the world, based on mutual interest and mutual respect. And a central pillar of this engagement is forging deeper cooperation with 21st century centers of influence -- and that must necessarily include India.
Now, India is not the only em erging power in the world. But relationships between our countries is unique. For we are two strong democracies whose constitutions begin with the same revolutionary words -- the same revolutionary words -- “We the people.” We are two great republics dedicated to the liberty and justice and equality of all people. And we are two free market economies where people have the freedom to pursue ideas and innovation that can change the world. And that’s why I believe that India and America are indispensable partners in meeting the challenges of our time. (Applause.)
Since taking office, I’ve, therefore, made our relationship a priority. I was proud to welcome Prime Minister Singh for the first official state visit of my presidency. (Applause.) For the first time ever, our governments are working together across the whole range of common challenges that we face. Now, let me say it as clearly as I can: The United States not only welcomes India as a rising global power, we fervently support it, and we have worked to help make it a reality.
Together with our partners, we have made the G20 the premier forum for international economic cooperation, bringing more voices to the table of global economic decision-making, and that has included India. We’ve increased the role of emerging economie s like India at international financial institutions. We valued India’s important role at Copenhagen, where, for the first time, all major economies committed to take action to confront climate change -- and to stand by those actions. We salute India’s lon g history as a leading contributor to United Nations peacekeeping missions. And we welcome India as it prepares to take its seat on the United Nations Security Council. (Applause.)
In short, with India assuming its rightful place in the world, we have an historic opportunity to make the relationship between our two countries a defining partnership of the century ahead. And I believe we can do so by working together in three important areas.
First, as global partners we can promote prosperity in both our countries. Together, we can create the high-tech, high-wage jobs of the future. With my visit, we are now ready to begin implementing our civil nuclear agreement. This will help meet India’s growing energy needs and create thousands of jobs in both of our countries. (Applause.)
We need to forge partnerships in high-tech sectors like defense and civil space. So we’ve removed Indian organizations from our so-called “entity list.” And we’ll work to rem ove -- and reform our controls on exports. Both of these steps will ensure that Indian companies seeking high-tech trade and technologies from America are treated the same as our very closest allies and partners. (Applause.)
We can pursue joint research and development to create green jobs; give India more access to cleaner, affordable energy; meet the commitments we made at Copenhagen; and show the possibilities of low-carbon growth.
And together, we can resist the protectionism that stifles growth and innovation. The United States remains -- and will continue to remain -- one of the most open economies in the world. And by opening markets and reducing barriers to foreign investment, India can realize its full economic potential as well. As G20 partners, we can make sure the global economic recovery is strong and is durable. And we can keep striving for a Doha Round that is ambitious and is balanced -- with the courage to make the compromises that are necessary so global trade works for all economies.
Together, we can strengthen agriculture. Cooperation between Indian and American researchers and scientists sparked the Green Revolution. Today, India is a leader in using technology to empower farm ers, like those I m et yesterday who get free updates on market and weather conditions on their cell phones. And the United Sta tes is a leader in agricultural productivity and research. Now, as farmers and rural areas face the effects of climate change and drought, we’ll work together to spark a second, more sustainable Evergreen Revolution.
Together, we’re improving Indian weathe r forecasting system s before the next monsoon season. We aim to help millions of Indian farmers -- farming households save water and increase productivity, improve food processing so crops don’t spoil on the way to market, and enhance climate and crop forecasting to avoid losses that cripple communities and drive up food prices.
And as part of our food security initiative, we’re going to share India’s expertise with farmers in Africa. And this is an indication of India’s rise -- that we can now export hard-earned expertise to countries that see India as a model for agricultural development. It’s another powerful example of how American and Indian partnership can address an urgent global challenge.
Because the wealth of a nation also depends on the health of its people, we’ll continue to support India’s effort against diseases like tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS, and as global partners, we’ll work to improve global health by preventing the spread of pandemic flu. And because knowledge is the currency of the 21st century, we will increase exchanges between our students, our colleges and our universities, which are among the best in the world.
As we work to advance our shared prosperity, we can partner to address a second priority -- and that is our shared security. In Mumbai, I met with the courageous families and survivors of that barbaric attack. And here in Parliament, which was itself targeted because of the democracy it represents, we honor the memory of all those who have been taken from us, including American citizens on 26/11 and Indian citizens on 9/11.
This is the bond that we share. It’s why we insist that nothing ever justifies the slaughter of innocent men, women and children. It’s why we’re working together, more closely than ever, to prevent terrorist at tacks and to deepen our cooperation even further. And it’s why, as strong and resilient societies, we refuse to live in fear. We will not sacrifice the values and rule of law that defines us, and we will never waver in the defense of our people.
America’s fight against al Qaeda and its terrorist affiliates is why we persevere in Afghanistan, where major development assistance from India has improved the lives of the Afghan people. We’re making progress in our mission to break the Taliban’s mom entum and to t rain Afghan forces so they can take the lead for their security. And while I have made it clear that American forces will begin the transition to Afghan responsibility next summer, I’ve also made it clear that America’s commitment to the Afghan people will endure. The United States will not abandon the people of Afghanistan -- or the region -- to violent extremists who threaten us all.
Our strategy to disrupt and dismantle and defeat al Qaeda and its affiliates has to succeed on both sides of the border. An d that’s why we have worked with the Pakistani government to address the threat of terrorist networks in the border region. The Pakistani government increasingly recognizes that these networks are not just a threat outside of Pakistan -- they are a threat to the Pakistani people, as well. They’ve suffered greatly at the hands of violent extremists over the last several years.
And we’ll continue to insist to Pakistan’s leaders that terrorist safe havens within their borders are unacceptable, and that terrorists behind the Mumbai attacks must be brought to justice. (Applause.) We must also recognize that all of us have an interest in both an Afghanistan and a Pakistan that is stable and prosperous and democratic -- and India has an interest in that, as well.
In pursuit of regional security, we will continue to welcom e dialogue between India and Pakistan, even as we recognize that disputes between your two countries can only be resolved by the people of your two countries.
More broadly, India and the United States can partner in Asia. Today, the United States is once again playing a leadership role in Asia -- strengthening old alliances; deepening relationships, as we are doing with China; and we’re reengaging with regional organizations like ASEAN and joining the East Asia summit -- organizations in which India is also a partner. Like your neighbors in Southeast Asia, we want India not only to “look East,” we want India to “engage East” -- because it will increase the security and prosperity of all our nations.
As two global leaders, the United States and India can partner for global security -- especially as India serves on the Security Council over the next two years. Indeed, the just and sustainable international order that America seeks includes a United Natio ns that is efficient, effective, credible and legitimate. That is why I can say today, in the years ahead, I look forward to a reformed United Nations Security Council that includes India as a permanent member. (Applause.)
Now, let me suggest that with increased power comes increased responsibility. The United Nations exists to fulfill its founding ideals of preserving peace and security, promoting global cooperation, and advancing human rights. These are the responsibilities of all nations, but especially those that seek to lead in the 21st century. And so we look forward to working with India -- and other nations that aspire to Security Council membership -- to ensure that the Security Council is effective; that resolutions are implemented, that sanctions are enforced; that we strengthen the international norms which recognize the rights and responsibilities of all nations and all individuals.
This includes our responsibility to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons. Since I took office, the United States has reduced the role of nuclear weapons in our national security strategy, and we’ve agreed with Russia to reduce our own arsenals. We have put preventing nuclear proliferation and nuclear terrorism at the top of our nuclear agenda, and we have strengthened the cornerstone of the global non-proliferation regime, which is the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
Together, the United States and India can pursue our goal of securing the world’s vulnerable nuclear materials. We can make it clear that even as every nation has the right to peaceful nuclear energy, every nation must also meet its international obligations -- and that includes the Islamic Republic of Iran. And together, we can pursue a vision that Indian leaders have espoused since independence -- a world without nuclear weapons. (Applause.)
And this leads me to the final area where our countries can partner -- strengthening the foundations of democratic governance, not only at home but abroad.
In the United States, my administration has worked to make governm ent more open and transparent and accountable to people. Here in India, you’re harnessing technologies to do the same, as I saw yesterday at an expo in Mumbai. Your landmark Right to Information Act is empowering citizens with the ability to get the services to which they’re entitled -- (applause) -- and to hold officials accountable. Voters can get information about candidates
by text message. And you’re delivering education and health care services to rural communities, as I saw yesterday when I joined an e-panchayat with villagers in Rajasthan.
Now, in a new collaboration on open government, our two countries are going to share our experience, identify what works, and develop the next generation of tools to empower citizens. And in another example of how American and Indian partnership can address global challenges, we’re going to share these innovations with civil society groups and countries around the world. We’re going to show that democracy, more than any other form of government, delivers for the common man -- and wom an.
Likewise, when Indians vote, the whole world watches. Thousands of political parties; hundreds of thousands of polling centers; millions of candidates and poll workers -- and 700 million voters. There’s nothing like it on the pl anet. There is so much that countries transitioning to democracy could learn from India’s experience, so much expertise that India can share with the world. And that, too, is what is possible when the world’s largest democracy embraces its role as a global leader.
As the world’s two largest democracies, we must never forget that the price of our own freedom is standing up for the freedom of others. (Applause.) Indians know this, for it is the story of your nation. Before he ever began his struggle for Indian independence, Gandhi stood up for the rights of Indians in South Africa. Just as others, including the United States, supported Indian independence, India championed the self-determination of peoples from Africa to Asia as they, too, broke free from colonialism. (Applause.) And along with the United States, you’ve been a leader in supporting democratic developm ent and civil society groups around the world. And this, too, is part of India’s greatness.
Now, we all understand every country will follow its ow n path. No one nation has a monopoly on wisdom, and no nation should ever try to impose its values on another. But when peaceful democratic movements are suppressed -- as they have been in Burma, for example -- then the democracies of the world cannot remain silent. For it is unacceptable to gun down peaceful protestors and incarcerate political prisoners decade after decade. It is unacceptable to hold the aspirations of an entire people hostage to the greed and paranoia of bankrupt regimes. It is unacceptable to steal elections, as the regime in Burma has done again for all the world to see.
Faced with such gross violations of human rights, it is the responsibility of the international community -- especially leaders like the United States and India -- to condemn it. And if I can be frank, in international fora, India has often shied away from som e of these issues. But speaking up for those who cannot do so for themselves is not interfering in the affairs of other countries. It’s not violating the rights of sovereign nations. It is staying true to our democratic principles. It is giving meaning to the hum an rights that we say are universal. And it sustains the progress that in Asia and around the world has helped turn dictatorships into democracies and ultimately increased our security in the world.
So promoting shared prosperity, preserving peace and security, strengthening democratic governance and human rights -- these are the responsibilities of leadership. And as global partners, this is the leadership that the United States and India can offer in the 21st century. Ultimately, though, this cannot be a relationship only between presidents and prime ministers, or in the halls of this Parliament. Ultimately, this must be a partnership between our peoples. (Applause.) So I want to conclude by speaking directly to the people of India who are watching today.
In your lives, you have overcome odds that might have overwhelmed a lesser country. In just decades, you have achieved progress and development that took other nations centuries. You are now assuming your rightful place as a leader among nations. Your parents and grandparents imagined this. Your children and grandchildren will look back on this. But only this generation of Indians can seize the possibilities of the moment.
As you carry on with the hard work ahead, I want every Indian citizen to know: The United States of America will not simply be cheering you on from the sidelines. We will be right there with you, shoulder to shoulder. (Applause.) Because we believe in the promise of India. We believe that the future is what we make it. We believe that no matter who you are or where you come from, every person can fulfill their God-given potential, just as a Dalit like Dr. Ambedkar could lift himself up and pen the words of the constitution that protects the rights of all Indians. (Applause.)
We believe that no matter where you live -- whether a village in Punjab or the bylanes of Chandni Chowk -- (laughter) -- an old section of Kolkata or a new high-rise in Bangalore -- every person deserves the same chance to live in security and dignity, to get an education, to find work, to give their children a better future.
And we believe that when countries and cultures put aside old habits and attitudes that keep people apart, when we recognize our common humanity, then we can begin to fulfill these aspirations that we share. It’s a simple lesson contained in that collection of stories which has guided Indians for centuries -- the Panchtantra. And it’s the spirit of the i nscription seen by all who enter this great hall: “That one is mine and the other a stranger is the concept of little minds. But to the large-hearted, the world itself is their family.”
This is the story of India; this is the story of America -- that despite their differences, people can see them selves in one another, and work together and succeed together as one proud nation. And it can be the spirit of partnership between our nations -- that even as we honor the histories which in different times kept us apart, even as we preserve what makes us unique in a globalized world, we can recognize how much we can achieve together.
And if we let this simple concept be our guide, if we pursue the vision I’ve described today -- a global partnership to meet global challenges -- then I have no doubt that future generations -- Indians and Americans -- will live in a world that is more prosperous and more secure and more just because of the bonds that our generation has forged today.
So, thank you, and Jai Hind. (Applause.) And long live the partnership between India and the United States. (Applause.)
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一.Scientists: Rising Sea Levels to Continue Scientists say sea levels are rising and will continue to do so into the future. Coastal communities around the world are already experiencing the impact of rising seas. Many cities and towns are taking steps to deal with this new reality. Photographers have taken pictures to document those efforts. Their photos are part of an exhibit called "Sink or Swim: Designing for a Sea Change." It can be seen at the Aquarium of the Pacific, in Long Beach, California. There, experts explain the causes of the rising seas and how people are trying to adapt to the changes. Disastrous storms and floods could be a new reality around the world. That is the opinion of oceanographer Jerry Schubel. He is president of the Aquarium of the Pacific. 二.Robots Ready to Work in Restaurants For many years, machines have been doing work that people once did, including some difficult jobs. Search and rescue operations in dangerous environments are often seen as the first areas that will employ high technology robots. But there is another area that may soon take jobs traditionally held by human beings: the restaurant industry. Teams from around the world competed in early June at the DARPA Robotic Challenge Finals in California. A team from South Korea and its robot, called DRC-Hubo, won first place in the competition. The second and third place finishers were from the United States. The robots were required to drive a vehicle, climb up steps and do mechanical work. Such activities are easy for humans to perform, but more difficult for machines. Not all of the competitors were successful. The failures showed how difficult it is to design effective walking machines.
听VOA学英语经验谈 如何能够有效的提高英语听力一直以来都是英语学习者当中普遍的问题。笔者根据我的一些学习经验来谈谈我对于如何提高英语听力这个问题的理解。 我认为英语听力的提高可以通过泛听与精听两种方式来练习。泛听可以通过给自己营造英语环境的方式加强对语言的敏感度，但精听却是提高听力非常有效的方法。其中收听VOA就是最好的一种方法。 通过一段时间的尝试，笔者总结出以下一套行之有效的方法： 1. 听三遍，并试着做笔记（note-taking）。 2. 根据笔记复述新闻（retelling）。 3. 订正(correction)。 4. 大声朗读三遍。（reading） 5. 再次复述(retelling)。 6. 背诵（reciting）。 7. 听新闻3—5遍。(listening) 下面是注意事项及具体的操作方法： 首先，要清楚自己是处于英语学习的哪一阶段。这一点是非常重要的。因为，只用选择听力难度适中的听力素材（即听一遍之后能理解大概70%）才会收到做大的效果。一般而言，英语基础差的学生适合听VOA慢速英语（SPECIAL ENGLISH），有大学英文基础的学生适合听VOA常速英语（STANDARD ENGLISH）。 其次，选择有对应文字材料的新闻来听。大家可以很容易在市面上买到，或者上网下载。做好准备工作，就可以开始了： 在第一步骤中，特别要求纪录的是专有名词，即人名、地名、书名、电影名等，以及时间、日期。在做笔记时，应多使用首字母大写。如New York →NY, Beijing →BJ等。 第二步是很有效的练习口语的方法。现在很多人都会把口语与听力分开练习，其实在任何一种语言学习中，“听说是不分家的”。如果能够把两者结合起来练习，会取得事半功倍的效果。这也是美国英语的教学理念之一。 第三步必不可少。一般的情况下，依据个人的口语水平，应该能复述60—80%的内容。这时订正是非常重要的。最好用红笔在文字资料上标出没有听出来的和听错了的。然后一定找出错误的原因。原因无外乎三点：1.对熟悉的单词不能及时反应；2.原文速度太快；3.出现陌生的词汇。如果是第一点，说明平时学得并不扎实，而且很少张嘴。解决办法：平常注意多张嘴，多读，多说。如果是第二点，可以通过提高口语速度来解决。第三点是最容易解决的，只要注意每次注意积累生词并背熟即可。此步骤可帮助了解自己听力的薄弱之处，做到有的放矢。 在经过细致的订正工作后，可大声朗读三遍。之后，不要借助任何资料，再次复述新闻。（强力推荐复述时闭上眼睛。）如学有余力的同学，可进行背诵。最后再来听3—5遍新闻。这时应该能听懂95%以上。
VOA等英语广播的听力技巧有哪些 VOA等英语广播的听力技巧有哪些 例如： OilministersoftheOrganizationofPetroleumExportingCountri eswillboldanemergencymeetingFridaytodiscuss What：Anemergencymeetingvailbeheld When：Friday Who：OilMinistersOftheOrganizationofPetroleumEx—poringCountries (2)扩大词汇量，熟记新闻报道中的常用词汇 ①普通词汇。尽管新闻报道所使用的词汇量很大，但是语言的基本词汇是稳定的。如VOA广播中的specialEnglish(特别节目)的新 闻报告中常用词汇约1500个，这的重复率在报道中是很高的，如cease-fire，presidentialeleation等政治性词汇，financebankinggroup等经济词汇以aceshuttle，robot等科技词汇。而新闻英语中的特有用语就更具稳定性。若能掌握这些词汇， 再加上一些听力技巧，基本听懂新闻报道就不是件难事了。 ②专有词汇。新闻报道是有关世界范围的最新消息，因在报道中常涉及许多人名、地名、国名。除此之外，新闻报道中还常常出现 一些河流、山脉及名胜古迹等专有名词熟悉这些专有名词可使听者 更快更准确地了解所听的新 (3)掌握一定数量的缩略语(acronym) 由于新闻报道时间的限制，不少机构的名称常采用其缩略形式，即由该名称中数个词的首字母的大写形式组成，如：PLO是thePalestineLiberationOrganization的缩写形式。需要注意的是，
2016年6月大学英语四级听力VOA慢速英语练习题（第二十二套） 2016年6月大学英语四级听力VOA慢速英语练习题（第二十二套） Apps to Help Students Do Their Best Work Evernote Application software for computers or mobile devices can do a lot of things for students of all ages. Apps?can help students get better organized, study for tests and prepare research papers. In other words, they can help the user do his or her very best work. Apps can help any users, even those who are not students, get more organized and improve their work. Whether or not you are a student, here are some apps worth considering. Quizlet Quizlet is a study aid app. It is filled with?flash cards?on many subjects to study. Use the cards that come with the app or create your own. Quizlet has links to subjects like: Arts & Literature Languages & Vocabulary Math & Science History & Geography Standardized Tests Professional & Careers The app has a mix of text, images and audio recordings, includingpronunciation?of words in different languages. Quizlet has games to play and tests to take. Cards are available on the app even when you are not connected to the Internet. Quizlet is available as a free app from Apple’s iTunes store. Quizlet for iPhone and iPad Quizlet for Android devices You can learn more at the Quizlet website. EasyBib Sometimes the most difficult part of writing a research paper is creating thebibliography. A bibliography lists all of the publications and other sources used in your research. Getting just the right?citations?to appear in the correct?format?can be difficult and take a lot of time. The EasyBib app can make creating a bibliography easier. The app can help organize the information and find citations for books, websites and more. EasyBib users can simply?scan?the barcode on a book with a mobile phone camera to get the information they need. You can also search for documentation in the app if the book is unavailable at the time. The app offers over 7,000 different citation formats, including the commonly used Modern Language Association, or MLA, style. Users can change the way in which the information is organized and stored within the app. Users can email information from EasyBib to others or to send it to a home
很多学英语的同学都喜欢收听VOA、BBC、CNN等英语新闻广播，想以此来提高听力和口语水平，于是每天早上都能看到一些同学拿着收音机在校园里边走边听，有的怕信号不好，还用手把收音机举起来，像个自由女神一样。其刻苦学习英语的态度令人敬佩，但很多同学都说基本上听不懂，也不知道该怎么听。这是个非常普遍的问题，也是个比较棘手的问题，有的同学甚至由此产生了对学英语的恐惧。但大可不必这样，其实这些新闻广播是有一些特点的，我们只要掌握这些特点和一些收听技巧，还是能够听懂这些新闻的。下面就来具体的谈谈这些特点和技巧。 一、采用主动的、积极的听力方法。 听力分两种方法。一种是消极的、被动的（passive）听力，这是很多同学都采用的方法，就是试图去听懂每一个单词，采用这种听法最后只有两种可能：要不就是每个单词都听懂了，但是不明白句子的意思，要不就是在一个生词上耽搁太长的时间，导致后面的几句都没有听清楚。这实际上是一种效果很差的听力方法。而我给大家推荐的是另一种听力方法，就是主动的、积极的（positive）听力。这种方法就是要注意把握句子的结构，听懂关键词。我们来看这样一个句子：Part of the pressure on lawmakers to put stronger protections in defined-contribution and savings plans comes from retiree-advocacy groups such as the American Association of Retired Persons. 这个句子没有什么生僻的单词，但是如果我们试图去听懂每一个单词，而不去把握句子的结构的话，就不能听懂这句话的意思的。而如果我们找到这个句子的主干：pressure comes from retiree-advocacy groups, 就很容易明白这句话的意思了，因为其他的部分都是修饰成分。关于积极的听力方法我会在以后专门著文来描述的，这里就不多展开了。 二、要特别注重新闻报道的第一句话 新闻报道的开头第一句话一般是对整个报道的一个概括，这个句子被称为新闻导语(the news lead)。它告诉听众最关心最重要的事实，如事件(what)、时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)，原因（why）和方式(how)，即新闻导语包含了我们常说的五个WH和一个H构成的"新闻六大要素"。新闻导语是整条新闻的高度浓缩形式，听懂了导语，也就知道了新闻的主要内容。当然，由于新闻报道的侧重点不同，有时新闻导语也可能只包含其中几个要素。 例如： BENWEDEMAN: The gates of Guantanamo were open to the media today.这一新闻导语包含了以下几个要素： When：Today Who：Guantanamo What：Open to the media 短短的一句话，10个单词就把这篇新闻报道的时间、主角和事件告诉了听众。后面的报道都是围绕这这一事件展开的。 三、扩大词汇量 1、普通词汇。尽管新闻报道所使用的词汇量很大，但是语言的基本词汇是稳定的。如VOA广播中的special English(特别节目)的新闻报告中常用词汇约1 500个，这些词汇的重复率在报道中是很高的，如Foreign Aid, Terroris, Nuclear Energy, Nationa Election等政治性词汇，WTO, finance, share-list等经济类词汇，Space Station, robot, Mars, Clinical等科技词汇，Super Bowl, Olympics, World Cup等体育类词汇。而新闻英语中的特有用语就更具稳定性。若能掌握这些词汇，再加上一些听力技巧，基本听懂新闻报道就不是件难事了。 2、专有词汇。新闻报道是有关世界范围的最新消息，因在报道中常涉及许多人名、地
VOA慢速英语练听力需坚持 扫除词汇障碍 领会文章大意 这里需要提醒的是，在听的过程中，我们切忌将注意力全部集中在单词上，一个一个单词地去听，这样听的结果很可能是你把每个单词都听明白了，但是整篇文章到底讲了什么却是一头雾水。所以，在听的时候，我们应该以句子为单位，在大脑中将每个句子的关键信息迅速整合，这样才能了解每一句讲了什么、每一段又讲了什么，从而准确领会文章的大意。 反复精听训练 在进行系统的听力训练时，学习者仅仅理解了听力内容的大概是远远不够的，对于文章的诸多细节，比如一些重要的数据、年代和各种史实等，也要尽量准确无误地听出，这就需要通过反复精听来实现。所以科学系统的精听训练对学习者来说非常重要，通过精听训练，对于文章中的每一个语言点，甚至一些语音、语调、语汇的细微差别，学习者都可以努力捕捉和分辨。 因此，反复聆听，掌握每一个句子，是提升英语听力水平的必由之路！2遍、4遍、6遍……要有不听明白誓不罢休的精神。当然学习过程中还会出现这样的问题：单句可以听懂，但是段落、文章又听不懂了！怎么回事？原来反应太慢！这要求学习者根据自己的反应敏锐度来确定句子与句子的间距。 精听学习中需要提醒的是：在听的过程中，我们切忌对照英文原文来听或者是随意地翻看听力书的英文原文。很多同学都有这样的体会，在看英文原文之前，自己无论如何也听不懂，可是一看原文就什么都明白了，其实这样下来不是你“听”懂了，而是“看”懂了。 记住：阅读永远不可能代替听力，我们练习听力的目的就是要锻炼你对声音的瞬间反应、记忆、理解和思维的能力，而不是锻炼阅读能力。所
以这种取巧的方法万万要不得，你要想真正提高自己的听力水平，就一定要克制住自己翻看原文的欲望。 那么什么时候才是我们翻看听力原文的最佳时机呢？一般来说，我们只有在反复听了五遍、十遍还是听不出来的地方，才是英文原文发挥作用的良机。而这些你始终听不明白的地方，多数可能是因为音的连读、爆破、变音、弱读，或者是你反应不出来的词汇等等。在屡听而不懂的情况下翻看，你会在恍然大悟中将他们牢牢记住。并将他们仔细的琢磨，这样下次再遇上，你就会顺利过关。反之，这些难点将会成为你听力中永远的痛，在某个不经意的时刻将你重重阻碍。 VOA英语学习方法三步走 这次讨论的目的在于发现常见的错误的学习方法，总结出一套行之有效的最佳 VOA Special English 学习方法，欢迎大家积极参与讨论！ 最佳实践一：用 VOA Special English 练听力 网站上提供的 VOA Special English 节目文本是配有MP3声音的，声音文件由美国本土资深专业播音员录制，如果想有效提高自己的英语听力，VOA Special English 节目资料将是非常好的听力练习素材。而最快最有效的提高英语听力的方法就是做听写，怎么听呢？下面分几个层次介绍听写的方法。 （一）初级英语水平学生（相当于高中英语水平）做听写的方法 1、下载一个 5 分钟的 report 到电脑里（包括下载report的MP3录音和文本），准备好一本英汉词典或电子词典 2、认真阅读report文本一至两遍，遇到不懂的单词请立即查词典。 3、将文本放在一边，开始听report的MP3录音，并将听到的写下来，就是做听写练习。一直循环播放，尽可能的将自己能听写出来的，全部写出来。 4、将自己的听写稿和原稿对照，找出没有听写出来的词句，并标上记号，这些没有听出来的词句可能很简单，但事实是你没有听写出来，这些就是你听力的盲点，所以要特别留意。 5、再反复地听report的MP3录音，这次不用纸笔听写，而是在脑袋里做听写，就是指当你听到一句的时候，脑袋里把这一句给拼出来，确保听清每一个词句，并留意你在听写时没有写出来的词句的发音。 6、第二天再听上面的report的MP3录音，并采用上面第5点所用的听法。第四天再听上面的report的MP3录音，等到第七天再听几篇，仍采用上面第 5点所用的听法。为什么要反复地听？因为我们之所以听不懂，是因为听的太少了。反复听的目的在于强化，让你形成一种听力条件反射，就是让你拥有一听到某些词句就能立即条件反射式地在脑袋里写出来你所听到的词句。 练习听力有点像练习电脑打字里的盲打，花时间多做练习自然就会盲
VOA英语听力练习 慢速VOA对于英语初学者来说是很好的听力演习材料，较慢的语速可许可进修者有较多的时光反响所听单词的含义；并且还可以用来演习白话，模仿其发音，对于完美美式发音的声调语调等，有很大年夜益处。 常速VOA则是英语国度人日常平凡措辞的语速，多听些这类材料可以使本身怀孕临其境，固然不在外国，却似身在国外的宝贵语境。 若何应用这些听力资本也是有必定讲究的： 我简单的说说小我的一些实践与领会： 第一步，我会下载VOA常速的MP3，然后遴选一些有翻译，词语解释，语法分析的篇章，进行精听。所谓精听，就是针对一篇较短的听力材料进行反复听力演习，直到能大年夜部分听懂。 第二步，这也是至关重要的一部，也是很多英语进修者忽视或是并不看重的一步。讲本身所听的内容写下来，可以边听边写，没听清楚或没明白的处所，可以倒归去，再听过。固然这有些逝世板，然则在反复的听力过程中，我们不只加深了对很多单词的懂得，语法的实际应用，语篇的融合，并且培养语感。 看着本身写下的听力材料然后再和原文比较，发来岁夜部分甚至全部都是一样的，那种骄傲感，知足感真是满满的，信赖只有实践，亲自领会的人才能明白。 第三步，温故而知新。在开端今天的听力前，再回想一下昨天的内容，会有很多不测的收成哦~ 听力演习过程中，存在如许的问题，边听边写的时刻，写得不敷快，老是让一段听力过了我才写完，中心就忽视很多没听到。针对这个问题，我建议下载一个复读软件，应用后果和日常平凡复读机一样。可以在听了一句话，或是8到9个单词的时刻就让它复读，如许就可以在复读时安闲的把听到的单词写下来，心里就不会认为很急促，不知所措了。 O(∩_∩)O~英语进修没有捷径，也没有独一的门路。贵在不懈尽力。欲望本身一点浅见能与大年夜家分享，合营进步！加油，加油！！！！ 若何听懂VOA等英语广播 很多学英语的人都欲望收听VOA，BBC等英语消息广播，想以此来进步听力和白话程度，但不少人认为听英语消息广播比较艰苦。从这几年的中等以上英语听力测验来看，都涉及到测试英语消息广播的内容。从教授教化上来说，很多大年夜专院校的英语系的听力课都增长
2001 1222 [原文] This is Steve Ember with the VOA Special English program, IN THE NEWS. On January first, many people in Europe will stop using the money they have known for a lifetime. More than three-hundred million Europeans will start using the new single European money, the euro. It will become the legal form of money in twelve European Union countries. Fifteen nations belong to the E-U. Twelve countries will use new euro paper money and coins starting next month. They are Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal and Spain. Three E-U members decided not to join the single money system at this time. They are Britain, Denmark and Sweden. E-U leaders agreed on the use of the single money in the Maastricht Treaty of Nineteen-Ninety-One. They created the euro so that business deals among their nations would be easier and less costly. The euro is not expected to change greatly in value. This will keep interest rates low. European leaders also believe the euro will unite Europe politically by forcing the nations to cooperate. For example, countries will have a reason to help another country if it becomes weak economically. If no help is offered, the value of their shared money could become weak. ECB logo The European Central Bank was established in Nineteen-Ninety-Eight. Two major goals of the Central Bank are to keep the euro strong and to control inflation. The Bank is responsible for supervising the development and public acceptance of the euro. Three years ago, eleven E-U nations started using the euro for stock market trading, banking and business deals. However, most Europeans continued to use their national money. Since then, money production centers have been busy producing euro paper money and coins. There will be seven different euro banknotes and eight coins. Some post offices, banks, and stores are now offering euro coin collections to the public. These coin collections are designed to show Europeans what the new money will look like. Both the euro and old national money will be accepted in most countries for up to two months. European officials expect that most business activity will be completed in euros by the middle of January. The old money will stop being accepted at the end of February. Europeans have talked about political and economic unity for fifty years. Until now, most of the important developments have been technical. Some observers say the launch of the euro will make a real difference in the lives of Europeans. They say Europeans now will start to identify more with the E-U in ways they did not in the past. They say the euro will be a real, physical sign of European union. This VOA Special English program, IN THE NEWS, was written by George Grow. This is Steve Ember. 2001 1224 [原文] Now, a Special English program for Christmas. Maurice Joyce tells about "White Christmas." Christmas is almost here. Holiday music fills the air. Colorful lights shine brightly in windows. Stores are crowded with people buying last-minute gifts. All these are Christmas traditions. Another tradition is snow. Christmas in the northern part of the world comes a few days after the start of winter. So, in many places, a blanket of clean white snow covers the ground on Christmas Day. This is what is meant by a "White Christmas. " Of course, many places do not get snow in December. In fact, they may be very warm at that time of year. People who like snow -- but live where it is warm -- dream of having a white Christmas. American songwriter Irving Berlin captured these feelings in his song "White Christmas." "White Christmas" is one of the most popular Christmas songs of all time. Hundreds of singers and
voa英语听力mp3下载资料 live in London and I’m looking forward to 4 May. It’s our next bank holiday. We have a total of eight of these in England and Wales. I’m planning to grab a beach towel, some suntan lotion and go to the coastal town of Brighton for the day. Some of my colleagues are happy just to go for a picnic in one of the city’s many parks. But at sunset after a day of leisure, no matter where we are, we will all be thinking the very same thing： why don't we have more holidays? These collective days off work cost businesses a lot of money. A report by the Centre for Economics and Business Research in 2020 suggested that each bank holiday costs the UK economy ￡2.3bn and scrapping the lot of them would boost annual output by ￡19bn. But they admit that this figure might be far from accurate. Actually, it’s difficult to calculate the loss of productivity because some of us compensate by working harder and later. And holidays impact differently in different sectors. A restaurant that caters for employees in the office complex next door will lose a day's trade, but supermarkets will have record sales of snacks on warm, sunny bank holidays. The zoo, cinemas, bars, hotels… they all stand to gain when people idle away the hours. I think holidays are good for the soul. It's important to get away from the daily grind and on some occasions a holiday can unite a nation. Ask a Brazilian about their carnival. It’s an occasion in which everyone in the country seems to
voa英语听力中英对照原文 Hello, I'm Jerry Smit with the BBC News. 杰里·斯密特为您播报BBC新闻 The Greek government has submitted new proposals to secure a third bailout from its international creditors. The Head of the Eurozone's Group of Finance Ministers, Jeroen Dijsselbloem, said the plans would now be assessed in detail. The proposals include tax rises, pension reforms, spending cuts and promises of privatisation. Tim Willcox in Athens says this may cause problems for the Greek government 希腊政府提交了一份新的改革方案以确保能从其债权国得到第三 次财政援助，欧元区金融主席杰洛恩称该项方案将会详细讨论。这项 方案包括提升税收，退休金改革，减少支出和承诺私有化。下面是威 克斯在雅典发回的报道： .“They think, the source I've been speaking to, that the E.U. will take this, but it's going to be very difficult for Alexis Tsipras, the Greek Prime Minister, internally here in Greece, following that referendum last weekend with that massive vote, a NO vote against any more austerity measures.” 威克斯称这项方案有可能对希腊政府造成问题。我认为欧元区将 会接受此项方案，但是这对希腊首相齐普拉斯来说，这将很难接受。 在希腊内部，上周末公投显示，没有人支持紧缩性财政政策。 International negotiators striving for a deal on Iran's nuclear programme say they are prepared to work beyond another looming deadline, but the time is not unlimited. The U.S. Secretary of State, John Kerry, said the negotiations
慢速英语听力怎么做 慢速英语听力怎么做 刚开始的时候绝对不要看原文，尤其对那些本来就很清晰的听力资料。这主要是希望大家不要依赖原文，自己一定要一个单词一个单词的完全听懂有的同学说我有那么几个单词实在听不懂怎么办? 大家想一想，慢速英语的单词量是1500到2000，也就是说一个比较好的高中生的单词量已经超过了许多，更何况四六级都已通过的你。听不懂的唯一原因绝对不是生词的问题，只能是你对这个单词的发音极其陌生，大脑根本没有反映。如果让你看一看原文，你会不屑一顾的，但在听的时候却不知所云。 接下来要做的就是要保证这一段录音你是完完全全的听懂了。什么是完完全全的听懂了呢?就是每听完一句话，你都能准确的复述出来，包括每一个单词。这里在语音上不是很好的朋友要注意了，由于是慢速英语，所以只要你有正常的听力能力再加上一定的毅力，就完全可以把自己的发音模仿的和VOA的播音员没什么两样，正如李阳老师所指出的：发音是一个人的英语门面。的确是这样的!如果你按照这样的方法用心练习，不出一两个月，你的发音就会有长足的进步。其实我们大多数中国人的模仿发音天赋都是很好的，随便叫出一名大学四级通过的大学生，他(她)的发音就要比我所见到的意大利人，日本人，菲律宾人的发音不知要好多少倍。 其实我们中国学生在口语和听力上缺陷主要有两个原因： 一是缺乏练习。这也是传统教学方法的遗憾。包括我自己，也是这种只注重书面的“分析英语”的受害者。二是缺乏勇气。老是害怕自己会说错，害怕丢脸。除非你是在国外长大，英语就是母语，你可以“自豪”的说：我就是说错了那也是对的，因为英语是我的母语。而我们把英语作为第二语言的学习是不可能不犯错误的，多犯错误是为了少犯错误。
怎样才能听懂VOA及如何通过VOA真正提高听力 一、采用主动的、积极的听力方法 听力分两种方法练习。一种是消极的、被动的（passive）听力，这是很多同学都采用的方法，就是试图去听懂每一个单词，采用这种听法最后只有两种可能：要不就是每个单词都听懂了，但是不明白句子的意思，要不就是在一个生词上耽搁太长的时间，导致后面的几句都没有听清楚。这实际上是一种效果很差的听力方法。而我给大家推荐的是另一种听力方法，就是主动的、积极的（positive）听力。这种方法就是要注意把握句子的结构，听懂关键词。我们来看这样一个句子：Part of the pressure on lawmakers to put stronger protections in defined-contribution and savings plans comes from retiree-advocacy groups such as the American Association of Retired Persons. 这个句子没有什么生僻的单词，但是如果我们试图去听懂每一个单词，而不去把握句子的结构的话，就不能听懂这句话的意思的。而如果我们找到这个句子的主干：pressure comes from retiree-advocacy groups, 就很容易明白这句话的意思了，因为其他的部分都是修饰成分。 二、要特别注重新闻报道的第一句话 新闻报道的开头第一句话一般是对整个报道的一个概括，这个句子被称为新闻导语(the news lead)。它告诉听众最关心最重要的事实，如事件(what)、时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)，原因（why）和方式(how)，即新闻导语包含了我们常说的五个WH和一个H 构成的“新闻六大要素”。新闻导语是整条新闻的高度浓缩形式，听懂了导语，也就知道了新闻的主要内容。当然，由于新闻报道的侧重点不同，有时新闻导语也可能只包含其中几个要素。 例如：BENWEDEMAN: The gates of Guantanamo were open to the media today.这一新闻导语包含了以下几个要素：When：Today，Who：Guantanamo，What：Open to the media。短短的一句话，10个单词就把这篇新闻报道的时间、主角和事件告诉了听众。后面的报道都是围绕这这一事件展开的。 三、扩大词汇量 1、普通词汇。尽管新闻报道所使用的词汇量很大，但是语言的基本词汇是稳定的。如VOA广播中的special English(特别节目)的新闻报告中常用词汇约1 500个，这些词汇的重复率在报道中是很高的，如Foreign Aid, Terroris, Nuclear Energy, Nationa Election等政治性词汇，WTO, finance, share-list等经济类词汇，Space Station, robot, Mars, Clinical等科技词汇，Super Bowl, Olympics, World Cup等体育类词汇。而新闻英语中的特有用语就更具稳定性。若能掌握这些词汇，再加上一些听力技巧，基本听懂新闻报道就不是件难事了。 2、专有词汇。新闻报道是有关世界范围的最新消息，因在报道中常涉及许多人名、地名、国名、公司名称等，如Bush, Afghan, Iran，IBM等。除此之外，新闻报道中还常常出现一些河流、山脉及名胜古迹等专有名词，如Alps，Amazon，Pyramid等，熟悉这些专有名词可使听者更快更准确地了解所听的新闻。 四、掌握一些基本缩略语 由于新闻报道时间的限制，不少机构的名称常采用其缩略(acronym)形式，即由该名称