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高二英语必修五Unit1语法

高二英语必修五Unit1语法
高二英语必修五Unit1语法

高二英语必修五Unit1语法:过去分词做定语表语

一、课文句子回顾、分析:

1.People absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease

attacked the body quickly and soon the affected person died.

affected people表示“_______________________”, affected作_______语,

2. It came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.

polluted by the dirty water from London表示“_________”, 作__ _语,

3.He told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the water pump so

that it could not be used.

the astonished people表示“_______________________”, astonished作_______语

4.He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.

became interested表示“_______________________”, interested作_________语,

5.He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.

became inspired表示“_______________________”, inspired作_________语,

ordinary people exposed to cholera表示“_____________”, exposed to cholera作_____语,6.He found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street

outbreak.

were linked to表示“_______________________”, linked作_________语,

二、过去分词作定语(Attribute)

一)在句中的位置

a broken heart ______________________

the risen sun _______________________

a lost child ________________________

a novel written by Luxun _____________________________

a school built for orphans ___________________________

the advice given to the patient _____________________________

an old man supported by his son _____________________________

★总结:过去分词与它所修饰的名词存在逻辑上的___________关系。单个的过去分词作定语时,通常放在被修饰的名词__ _,过去分词短语作定语时,则通常放在被修饰的词__ __,相当于__ __。

二)过去分词短语作后置定语时,其作用相当于_______________________。

an old man who is supported by his son =an old man supported by his son

一位儿子搀扶的老人

a novel which is written by Luxun = a novel written by Luxun

鲁迅写的小说

a school which is built for orphans = a school built for orphans

为孤儿建立的学校

练习一:句型转换

1. A thief stole the goat that was tired to the tree.

=A thief stole the goat ___________ to the tree.

2. The girl who is dresse d in red is Kelly’s long-lost friend.

= The girl ___________ ______ is Kelly’s long-lost friend.

3. The castle, which was burnt down in the sixteenth century, was never rebuilt.

= The castle, ______________________________________, was never rebuilt.

4. Father beat the son who was lost in the online games.

=Father beat the son _____________ in the online games.

5. The project, which was designed by the Chinese engineers, was constructed in only 2 year.

= The project, _________________________ _______, was constructed in only 2 year. 三)过去分词短语作定语的意义

★单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有_______和________的意义,常作前置定语。

eg:a used stamp 一枚用过的邮票

an injured finger 一个受伤的手指

a broken coin 一枚破损的硬币

a lighted candle 一支点燃的蜡烛

★注意:过去分词作定语时,有时只有意义。

e.g.:spoken English 英语口语

written exercises 书面练习

★少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去分词只有的意义

fallen leaves 落叶

the risen sun 升起来的太阳

the advanced countries 发达国家

drunken man 一个醉鬼

a retired teacher 一名退休教师

★表示情绪的过去分词作定语常表示一种状态:

a puzzled expression困惑的表情;a pleased look高兴的神情

his excited voice他激动的声音;the inspired soldier那个受到鼓舞的士兵

the frightened girl受惊的女孩;a satisfied smile满意的微笑

【举一反三】

amazed, disappointed, encouraged, moved, surprised, astonished, delighted, frightened, inspired, pleased, puzzled, terrified, shock, satisfied, worried, confused, amused, tired等。这些动词构成的过去分词实际上已经成了形容词,它们常常用来修饰人

三、过去分词和现在分词作定语的区别

?现在分词: 表示主动的动作

?过去分词: 表示被动的动作

a man ______________ (swim) in the river

a novel __________ (write) by Lu Xun

?现在分词:表示正在进行的动作

?过去分词:表示完成的动作

__________(fall)leaves(正落下的叶子) ____________ (develop) countries 发展中国家

__________ leaves(落叶) ____________ countries 发达国家

_________ (boil) water 正在沸腾的水the __________ (rise) sun 冉冉升起的太阳

______________water 开水the sun 已升起的太阳

总结:

过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别:

过去分词表示或;

现在分词表示或。

★注意以下四种形式作定语时的区别

doing

done

being done

to be done

例如:用build 的适当形式填空

? I know the people ________________ (build) the house over there.(主动、进行)

? The house ______________ over there is a shop. (被动、正在建)

? The house ____________ over there is a shop. (被动、已建好)

? The house _______________ over there is designed by a famous architect (被动、将来)

【举一反三】用publish 的适当形式填空

His book ____________ last year sells well.

His book _____________ now will be on sale next year.

His book _____________ next year will be his best one.

The press(出版社) ___________ his book is famous in the city.

二、过去分词作表语

★过去分词放在be 动词或系动词的后面说明主语的状态或特征

e.g.:1. Everyone present is very inspired at his speech .

听了他的发言,在场的所有人都很振奋。

2. You seem frightened. 你似乎受了惊吓。

3. They were excited.

4. The door kept locked.

5. The soldier got injured.

★系动词有:

1. 系动词 be

2. 表示感官的系动词,如look, sound, smell, taste, feel, seem, appear 等

3. 表示变化的系动词,如become, get, turn, grow, fall, go, come, run 等

4. 表示持续的系动词,如stay, keep, remain, stand, rest, lie, hold 等

5. 可带名词作表语的系动词,如be become ,sound, remain , turn out, prove (证明是,结果是)

★过去分词和V-ing 形式作表语的区别:

比较: The film is __________________.

I'm ________________ in English .(interest )

过去分词作表语是,其过去分词含有被动含义,即“人被引起某种感觉”,翻译成“________” ,

多用来形容人、人的声音或者表情。而其现在分词表示主动意义,即“令人有某种感觉”, 翻

译成“__________________”。

? 英语中这样的分词还有很多,如:

练习:用括号里所给词的适当形式填空:

一)1.They were ___ _____ to hear the ___ __ news.(delight)

2. The teacher announced the ____ __ news with an ____

___voice.(excite)

3.There was a _____ ___ (surprise) look on his face.

4.The story was so____ ____ (move) that he was ____ ___ (move) to tears.

5. A. The result of the test was rather .

B. He was very at the result of the test. ( disappointed, disappointing )

6. A. What he said was very .

B. I was very at the sight. ( amused, amusing )

归纳:

与感觉相关的及物动词,其过去分词含有被动含义,即“人被引起某种感觉”,多用来形容人、人的声音或者表情。而其现在分词表示主动意义,即“令人有某种感觉。”

二)Yao Ming is a player __________(love) by many thousands of fans. Unluckily, he got ___________ (injure) in the game. In July, 2011, he announced that he would stop playing basketball. The ______________ (surprise) news got across to the world and his fans were _________________ (disappoint) to learn it,but they still wished him a happy life.

三)单选

1. As is known to us all, traveling is ______, but we often feel ______ when we are back from travels.

A. interesting; tired

B. interested; tiring

C. interesting; tiring

D. interested; tired

2. Hearing the ____ news, we all felt ___.

A. encouraging, encouraging

B. encouraged, encouraged

C. encouraged, encouraging

D. encouraging, encouraged

3. From the dates ______ on the gold coin, it is confirmed that was made five hundred years ago.

A. marking

B. marked

C. to be marked

D. having been marked

4. The _______ look in her face suggested that she _______ it before.

A.surprising, wouldn’t know

B. surprised, hadn’t known

C surprising, hadn’t known D. surprised, shouldn’t know

5. The picture writing _______ long long ago is hard for us to understand today.

A.having been drawn

B. being drawn

C. was drawn

D. drawn

6. The man ______ there is my uncle.

A. seat

B. seating

C. to seat

D. seated

7. The first textbooks ______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.

A. having written

B. to be written

C. written

D. being written

总结:

?过去分词作定语和表语:

?过去分词作定语:放在名词和代词的前面或后面表示动作完成或被动

?过去分词作表语:放在be 动词或系动词的后面说明主语的状态或特征

必修五Unit1 过去分词作定语、表语作业

I. 用所给词的适当形式填空

1. So many thousands of ___________ (terrify) people died every time there was an outbreak.

2. He was ____________ (determine ) to find out why.

3. Nicolaus Copernicus was __________ (frighten) and his mind was ____________ (confuse).

4. Both he and I are ___________with the ____________ result. (satisfy)

5. Tom was more ___________ (surprise) than _____________ (disappoint) at this news.

II. 运用过去分词完成句子

1.She had _________________________ on her face. 她脸上有一种忧虑的表情。

2.The boy _____________________________ was taken to hospital. 在事故中受伤的男孩儿

被送到医院了。

3.I ________________________________ to be invited to her party.被邀请去参加她的晚会

我感到吃惊。

4.I like eating ________________________________. 我喜欢吃冷冻食品。

5.There’s ____________________________ here since I left this town. 自我离开这个城镇以

来,这里几乎没变化。

6.The book ________________________________ (一本农民写的) is very popular.

7.The building ________________________________ (去年建的) now collapsed in the

Wenchuan earthquake.

8.The problem __________________________________________________ (在昨天会议上

讨论的) was very difficult to solve.

9.The window ____________________________ (被那个顽皮男孩打破的) is being repaired

10.The children ___________________________________________ (昨天在医院检查的)

were seriously ill.

11.The people ____________________________________ (暴露在阳光下的) got sunburnt.

12.The boy ____________________________ (受到老师严厉惩罚的) is now a college student.

13.The water _________________________________________ (送到他家的) carried disease.

14.The English today is quite different from the English ________________________________

(300年前所说的).

15.Most of the artists ____________________________________ (被邀请去参加聚会的)

were from South Africa.

16.The students _________________________________________ (受到老师鼓舞的) worked

harder than ever before.

1. The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the ________.

A. 20 dollars remained

B. 20 dollars to remain

C. remained 20 dollars

D. remaining 20 dollars

2. Though the policemen got ________ after looking for the murder in the city for a whole day, they felt excited when finding the _________ knife by the lake. (注:abandon:抛弃)

A. exhausting; abandoning

B. exhausted; abandoned

C. exhausted; abandoning

D. exhausting; abandoned

3. All the members of my family, ____ my grandparents, are fond of different kinds of sports, football ____.

A. including; included

B. including; including

C. included; including

D. included; included

4. The picture ______ the wall was drawn by one of his students.

A. attaching to

B. attaching on

C. attached to

D. attached on

5. The manager discussed the plan they would like to see _______ the next year.

A. carry out

B. carrying out

C. to carry out

D. carried out

6. ______ that they are inexperienced in this field, they’ve done a good job.

A. Giving

B. To jive

C. Given

D. Being given

7. The three-storey building, _______ in the 18th century, was turned into a museum in 1960.

A. constructing

B. constructed

C. being constructed

D. when constructed

8. Alice _________ the work she was doing, without noticing my coming in.

A. was totally fixed on

B. was totally fixing on

C. totally fixed on

D. totally fixing on

9. Mr. Smith, _________ with a new mayor, is giving his farewell speech at the meeting.

A. replaced

B. to be replaced

C. to replace

D. being replaced

10. There was a sudden burst of light _________by a terrible noise.

A. followed

B. following

C. to be followed

D. being followed

11. Have you read the novel ____________ (write) by Dickens ?

12. He is man ___________ (love) and ____________ (respect) by all.

13. Don’t use words, expressions, or phrase _______________ (know) only to peopl e with

specific knowledge.

14. Listen! The song _____________ (sing) is very popular with the students.

1. 【12山东】After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ____.

A. providing

B. provided

C. having provided

D. provide

2. 【12四川】Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ________.

A. washed

B. wash

C. washing

D. to wash

3. 【12浙江】“It’s such a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table______ for customers.

A. to be reserved

B. having reserved

C. reserving

D. reserved

4. 【12重庆】We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision ________at the meeting will influence the future of our company.

A. to be made

B. being made

C. made

D. having been made

5. 【11全国II】The island, _____________ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.

A. joining

B. to join

C. joined

D. having joined

6. 【11江苏】Recently a survey __________ prices of the same goods in two different

supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.

A.compared B.comparing C.compares D.being compared

7.【11福建】Tsinghua University, _____ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.

A. found

B. founding

C. founded

D. to be founded

8.【11湖南】The players ______from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game . A selecting B to select C selected D having selected

9. 【10福建】In April, thousands of holiday-makers remained ____ abroad due to the volcanic

ash cloud.

A. sticking

B. stuck

C. to be stuck

D. to have stuck

10.【10湖南】So far nobody has claimed (认领) the money ________ in the library.

A. discovered

B. to be discovered

C. discovering

D. having discovered

练习

一、句型转换:

1.Yao Ming is a player who is loved by many people.

= Yao Ming is a player loved by many people.

2. The film which is directed by Zhang Yimou is popular with people

=The film directed by Zhang Yimou is popular with people.

3.The people exposed to cholera were going to die.

=The people who were exposed to cholera were going to die.

4.The question discussed yesterday is hard to deal with.

= The question that was discussed yesterday is hard to deal with.

高二英语必修五Unit1语法:过去分词做定语表语

Keys:

一、课文句子回顾、分析:

1. People absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease attacked the body quickly and soon the affected person died.

affected people表示“___被感染了的人(患者)____”, affected作___定____语,

2. It came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.

polluted by the dirty water from London表示“从伦敦排出的脏水污染了的”, 作__ 定_语,3. He told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the water pump so that it could not be used.

the astonished people表示“__惊慌失措的人们__”, astonished作____定___语

4.He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.

became interested表示“__对…感兴趣____”, interested作___表______语,

5.He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.

became inspired表示“______对…感到兴奋____”, inspired作_____表______语,

ordinary people exposed to cholera表示“__感染了霍乱的普通百姓____”, exposed t o cholera 作___定____语,

6.He found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street

outbreak.

were linked to表示“___和…有联系____”, linked作______表_____语,

Keys: 二、

一)1、一颗破碎的心;已经升起的太阳;丢失的孩子

一本鲁迅写的小说,为孤儿建立的一所学校;给病人的建议;一位儿子搀扶的老人

总结:被动,之前,之后,定语从句

二)过去分词短语作后置定语时,其作用相当于____定语从句___________。

练习一、1. tired 2. dressed in red 3. burnt down in the sixteenth century 4. lost

5. designed by the chinese engineers

三)、被动、完成(注意):被动;完成

三、swimming, written;falling,fallen;developing,developed;boiled, boiling:rising,risen

过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别:

过去分词表示被动或完成;

现在分词表示主动或进行

build

?I know the people building the house there.(主动、进行)

?The house being built over there is a shop. (被动、正在建)

?The house built over there is a shop. (被动、已建好)

?The house to be built over there is designed by a famous architect (被动、将来)published, being published, to be published, publishing

比较:The film is interesting.

I'm interested in English.

过去分词作表语是,其过去分词含有被动含义,即“人被引起某种感觉”,翻译成“感到……” ,多用来形容人、人的声音或者表情。而其现在分词表示主动意义,即“令人有某种感觉”, 翻译成“令人……”

练习:

一)1. delighted,delighting 2. exciting, excited 3. surprised 4. moving, moved

5. disappointing, disappointed

6. amusing, amused

二)loved, injured,surprising,disappointed

三)1-7: ADBBDDC

作业答案:

1. written by a farmer

9. 四月,(冰岛的)火山灰导致了上千名度假的游客被困国外。

这里stuck/stranded,意思是:被困,因此要用被动的形式,过去分词Book 5 Unit 1 Grammar 参考答案

I. 用所给词的适当形式填空

1. terrified

2. determined

3. frightened; confused

4. satisfied; satisfying

5.surprised; disappointed

II. 完成句子

1. a worried look

2. injured in the accident

3. felt surprised

4. frozen food

5. nothing changed

6.written by a farmer

7.built last year

8.discussed at the meeting yesterday

9.broken by the naughty boy

10.examined in the hospital yesterday

11.exposed to sunlight

12.punished by the teacher severely

13.delivered to his house / home

14.spoken 300 years ago

15.invited to the party

16.encouraged by the teacher

1-5 DBACD 6-10 CBAAA

1-5 BAD A C 6-10 BCCBA

9, 四月,(冰岛的)火山灰导致了上千名度假的游客被困国外。

这里stuck/stranded,意思是:被困,因此要用被动的形式,过去分词

高中英语必修五Unit1知识点

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高二英语必修五知识点整理

精心整理 高二英语必修五知识点整理 过去分词兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征,可以带宾语或受状语修饰。过去分词和宾语或状语一起构成过去分词短语。它在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。这节课讲解作定语、表语的用法。 1. 2. Thedoorremainedlocked. 过去分词作表语,相当于形容词,常见的有:

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Encouragedbythespeech,theyoungpeoplemadeuptheirmindstotakeu pthestruggle. ③表条件,相当于一个条件状语从句,有时过去分词前可用if等词 倒装句:

一、here,there,now,then,thus等副词置于句首,谓语动词常用be,come,go,lie,run。 Theregoesthebell.铃声响了。 Thencamethechairman.主席来了。 用于 Seldomwashelateforclass.他很少上学迟到。 用于nosooner...than...,hardly...when...和notuntil...的句型中

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