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2013年山东省委党校在职研究生英语重点

英语(6月16日上午9:00至:11:30)

一、单项选择

1. Is there anything I ________ do for you?

A. may

B. must

C. can

D. ought

2. This kind of tree has green________throughout the year.

A. leafs

B. leaves

C. l eaf

D. leaves’

3. I will tell him the news as soon as I ________ him.

A. see

B. sees

C. sees’

D. saw

4. They never knew that pollution ________ a big problem.

A. become

B. would become

C. is going to

D. does become

5. You ________ where you leave your things.

A. always forgets

B. forget

C. will always forget

D. are always forgetting

6. He doesn’t live in the city, ________ ?.

A. isn’t he

B. doesn’t he

C. is he

D. does he

7. Now she is leaving London. She has stayed here ________.

A. after 1980

B. in 1980

C. for 1980

D. since 1980

8. These questions ________ at tomorrow’s meeting.

A. have been discussed

B. had been discussed

C. will be discussed

D. shall be discussed

9. Nothing is ________ than one’s personal freedom.

A. more important

B. much important

C. importanter

D. much importanter

10. A good father is one ________ we can love as well as respect.

A. which

B. who

C.whose D. whom

11. The instructor asked me to write a ________ composition every week.

A. two-thousand-word

B. two-thousand-words

C. two-thousand-words

D. two-thousands-words

12. They ________ be waiting for us, let’s hurry up.

A. can’t

B. mustn’t

C. must

D. may not

13. You ________ clearly see the top of the tower from here.

A. might

B. can

C. must

D. mustn’t

14. ________ weeks later she came to my office with a smile on her face.

A. Two

B. Second

C. After two

D. After second

15. He said that was a good suggestion, ________ he would look into (研究).

A. which

B. who

C. what

D. that

16. The role of _______ has changed a lot in the past 30 years.

A. womans

B. women

C. woman

D. women’s

17. ________ meeting will be put off till next Monday.

A. Tomorrow’s

B. Tomorrows’

C. Tomorrow

D. Tomorrows

18. If he ________ to go, I'll ask someone else to go with me.

A. don’t want

B. doesn’t want

C. not want

D. not wants

19. This is my cell phone. ________ is on the desk.

A. Their

B. Our

C. Yours

D. Her

20. The house ________ is very nice, but the compound (院子) is too small.

A. himself

B. herself

C. itself

D. oneself

21. I told him not to go, but he ________ not listen.

A. will

B. would

C. shall

D. should

22. This time last year, Tom ________ with his friends in London.

A. stayed

B. was staying

C. is staying

D. stays

23. Let’s ________ and get something to eat.

A. to go

B. go

C. going

D. goes

24. Bill has been out of work ________ three years.

A. by

B. since

C. in

D. for

25. When they arrived, the game ________.

A. already start

B. already started

C. have already started

D. had already started

26. Those books ________ to the library next Monday.

A. can return

B. can be returned

C. can returned

D. can return to

27. I’m sorry, but smoking ________ here.

A. is allowed

B. is not allowed

C. will be allowed

D. will not allow

28. They got to the airport ________ than you did.

A. more late

B. later

C. more later

D. late

29. He talked of the people and books ________ interested him.

A. who

B. whose

C. that

D. whom

30. I live in ________. I’d like to let you know that I’m checking out early tomorrow morning.

A. Room 216th

B. 216 Room

C. 216th Room

D. Room 216

31. Mrs. Clinton has a ___________ daughter.

A. three years old

B. three year old

C. three-year-old

D. three-years-old

32. _________ a long time since I saw my father last time.

A. There is

B. There are

C. It is

D. For

33. There is a fine sunset, it ___________ to be a fine day tomorrow.

A. ought

B. must

C. should

D. can

34. I don’t know whether it will rain or not, but if it __________ I shall stay at home.

A. shall

B. do

C. did

D. does

35. _________________ people attended the meeting last night.

A. Hundred

B. Hundreds of

C. Hundreds

D. A hundred of

36. Though small, the room is comfortable __________________.

A. to live in

B. to live

C. to have lived in

D. live in

37. If you want something ___________, you can go to the library.

A. read

B. to read

C. be read

D. to be reading

38. Would you please tell me ___________ the plane will take off?

A. that

B. where

C. when

D. which

39. It is necessary that you __________ your reservation before the weekend.

A. will confirm

B. must confirm

C. confirm

D. confirmed

40. The doctor _____________ is treating for your heart trouble is a relative of mine.

A. who

B. whom

C. which

D. whose

41. John plays football _______________, if not better than, David.

A. as well

B. so well

C. so well as

D. as well as

42. The girl apologized, _________ that she was sorry to be late.

A. having said

B. saying

C. was saying

D. said

43. I often have a glass of milk and ________ for breakfast.

A. two pieces of bread

B. two piece of bread

C. two pieces of breads

D. two piece of breads

44. __________ a radio, I would have heard the news this morning.

A. Had I

B. Had I had

C. Should I have

D. Have I had

45. __________ another chance, how could she let it slip away.

A. Giving

B. Having given

C. Having been given

D. Give

二、阅读理解

(1)

A man lived in a tall building in the city of Moscow. He liked living there. It was usually very quiet, and he could see the park from his window. There was only one problem: the man upstairs. Every night, the man upstairs came back late. He always took off his shoes and threw them on the

floor. At this time, the man downstairs was trying to sleep. But every night he heard the noise upstairs. Bang! One shoe. Bang! The other shoe. It was too bad. He found it very difficult to get to sleep and he was rather angry with the man upstairs.

One day, the man downstairs went to talk to the man. He went upstairs and knocked at the door. The man opened it. With a smile the man from downstairs said: ―I am sorry to trouble you, comrade.‖

“What is it?‖ asked the man.

“Well, every time you get back at night, you drop your shoes on the floor. It happens every night. The noise wakes me up! Would you please not do this?‖

“I’m very sorry, comrade,‖ said the man. ―I won’t do it again.‖

The next evening the man upstairs came home from work late as usual. He was feeling very tired. He took off the first shoe and threw it on the floor.

Then he remembered his comrade downstairs. So he took off the second shoe and put it under his bed very quietly. He had his supper, listened to the radio, read a newspaper and then went to bed. He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door. He opened it and saw the man from downstairs.

“Please!‖ said the man from downstairs. ―Please drop the other shoe! I was waiti ng for the sound of the other shoe! I can’t get to sleep!‖

1. Why did the man downstairs like living in a tall building in the city of Moscow?

A. Because he liked the city very much.

B. Because he liked the environment of the tall building.

C. Because there were many parks in the city.

D. Because he had a good friend there.

2. What was the problem the man downstairs had?

A. Every night the man upstairs came back late.

B. The man upstairs always took off his shoes.

C. The man upstairs took off his shoes and threw them on the floor, which made him difficult to get to sleep.

D. He did not get along well with his neighbors.

3. How did the man downstairs try to solve his problem?

A. He went to talk to the man upstairs and asked him not to throw his shoes on the floor again.

B. He had a quarrel(吵架)with the man upstairs.

C. He moved out of the tall building.

D. He did not go to bed before the man upstairs came back any more.

4. What did the man upstairs do the next evening after he came home from work?

A. He took off his shoes and threw them on the floor as usual.

B. He took off his first shoe and threw it on the floor, but put his second shoe under his bed quietly.

C. He put both his shoes under his bed quietly.

D. He was very tired and went to bed without taking off his shoes.

5. Why couldn’t the man downstairs fall asleep the next night?

A. Because the man upstairs made a great noise by having his supper, listening to the radio and reading the newspaper.

B. Because the man upstairs threw his shoes on the floor with a big noise and woke him up.

C. Because he had been waiting for the sound of the other shoe.

D. Both B and C.

(2)

You may not realize it, but you are doing much more than just studying, when you are at school. School is also the place where you learn to get along well with people. But this is not always easy. What can you do if you just don’t like one of your classmates?

If you discover that you have problems getting along with your classmates or friends, the most important thing to learn is tolerance. Tolerance is the ability to realize and respect the differences in others. We can not change the way that other people do, so it is important to learn to live happily with them.

Tolerance will make everyone get on better with each other. Getting to know someone may help you understand why they do things differently. Something different does not exactly mean that it is bad. Tolerance teaches us to keep an even temper and open mind.

You need to remember an old saying, ―treat others how you want to be treated‖. You would like to be treated kindly by your classmates, so it is important to treat them kindly too. If you tolerate something, it does not mean that you have to like it. No one is asking you to change who you are or what you believe in. Tolerance just means that you should respect the differences in others and not try to make them change.

It is important to practice tolerance, because it will make everyone’s lives easier. Learn to accept people for their different abilities and interests. The world is very different, and practicing tolerance in your own school and city can help make a difference.

6. According to the author, what is tolerance?

A. Tolerance is the ability that we have to change the way that other people do.

B. Tolerance is the ability to realize and respect the differences in others.

C. Tolerance is a weapon to fight against the enemy.

D. Tolerance is the way to discover whether you have problems getting along with your classmates or friends.

7. What does tolerance function (起作用) in getting along with your friends?

A. It makes you change who you are and what you believe.

B. It can help us understand why people do things differently.

C. It warns us to keep an even tempter and open mind.

D. It is important for us to learn tolerance.

8. Why is tolerance important?

A. Because it will make everyone’s lives easier.

B. Because it will make everyone get on better with each other.

C. Because it teaches us to respect the differences in others and not try to make them change.

D. All of the above.

9. ―Treat others how you want to be treated‖, what does the sentence mean?

A. If you want to be treated kindly, you should treat others kindly too.

B. If someone treats you badly, you will treat them kindly.

C. You should change yourself to tolerate others.

D. Others should change themselves to tolerate you.

10. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. If you tolerate something, you must change yourself.

B. Tolerance can make you get on better with your classmates or friends, for it teaches you to keep an even temper and open mind.

C. We can live happily with other people by changing the way they do.

D. Practicing tolerance can not make any change in your life for the world is different.

(3)

Scientists are trying to make the deserts into good land again. They want to bring water to the deserts, so that people can live and grow food. They are learning a lot about the deserts. Even so, more and more of the earth is becoming deserts all the time. Scientists may not be able to change the deserts in time.

Why is more and more land becoming deserts? Scientists think that people make deserts. People are doing bad things to the earth.

Some places on the earth do not get very much rain. Yet, they still do not become deserts. This is because there are some green plants growing there. Small green plants and grass are very important to dry places. Plants help keep water in the earth. Plants do not let the wind blow the dirt away. When a little bit of rain falls, the plants hold water. Without plants, the land can become a desert much more easily.

A man decides to make a farm in a very dry place. He cuts down the trees. He digs in the earth and takes away the grass and plants that are already growing on the dry land. He makes a farm. He puts plants in rows. The sun is very hot. It makes the land even drier. When the rain comes, it runs between the rows of plants. It washes the good dirt away. When the wind comes, it blows between the rows of plants. It blows the good dirt away.

Soon the land is not good enough for a farm any more. The man lets his animals eat all the plants on it. Now the land does not have any plants on it. The sun and wind dry the land and blow all the good dirt away. Now the land is a desert.

Now it is time for man to protect his environment!

11. ________ are doing their best to change the deserts into good land again.

A. Men

B. Women

C. People

D. Scientists

12. According to the scientists, it is ________ who make deserts.

A. bad weather

B. the lack of rain

C. people

D. plants

13. What’s the main idea of the third paragraph?

A. Some places have little rain.

B. Some places have many plants.

C. Plants do not let the wind blow the dirt away.

D. Plants help protect the land.

14. What’s the fourth paragraph mainly about?

A. A man wants to make a farm in a dry place.

B. The influence of men’s activities on the environment.

C. He succeeds in making a farm.

D. He puts plants in rows.

15. The main idea of the whole passage is that ________.

A. people work very hard

B. scientists are studying the problem of deserts

C. people are doing much harm to the environment

D. many good lands are becoming deserts

(4)

A man came home from work late again, tired and irritated, to find his 5-year-old son waiting for him at the door. ―Daddy, may I ask you a question?‖

“Yeah, sure, what is it?‖ replied the man.

“Daddy, how much money do you make an hour?‖

“That’s none of your business! What makes you ask such a thing?‖ the man said angrily.

“I just want to know. Please tell me, how much do you make an hour?‖ pleaded the little boy.

“If you must know, I make $20.00 an hour.‖

“Oh,‖ the little boy replied, head bowed. Looking up, he said, ―Daddy, may I borrow $10.00 please?‖

The father was furious. ―If the only reason you wanted to know how much money I make is just so you can borrow some to buy a silly toy or some other nonsense, then you march yourself straight to your roo m and go to bed. Think about why you’re being so selfish. I work long, hard hours every day and don’t have time for such childish games.‖

The little boy quietly went to his room and shut the door. The man sat down and started to get even madder about the l ittle boy’s questioning. How dare he ask such questions only to get some money. After an hour or so, the man had calmed down, and started to think he may have been a little hard on his son. Maybe there was something he really needed to buy with that $10.00, and he really didn’t ask for money very often.

The man went to the door of the little boy’s room and opened the door. ―Are you asleep, son?‖ he asked.

“No daddy, I’m awake,‖ replied the boy.

“I’ve been thinking, maybe I was too hard on you earlier,‖ said the man. ―It’s been a long day and I took my aggravation out on you. Here’s that $10.00 you asked for.‖ The little boy sat straight up, beaming. ―Oh, thank you daddy!‖ he yelled. Then, reaching under his pillow, he pulled out some more crumpled up bills.

The man, seeing that the boy already had money, started to get angry again. The little boy slowly counted out his money, then looked up at the man. ―Why did you want more money if you already had some?‖ the father grumbled.

“Because I didn’t have enough, but now I do,‖ the little boy replied. ―Daddy, I have $20.00 now. Can I buy an hour of your time?‖

16. What do you know about the man?

A. He made a lot of money.

B. He often came home from work late.

C. He often went to work late.

D. He spent lots of time taking care of his son.

17. Why was the boy waiting for his father at the door?

A. Because he missed his father very much.

B. Because he was hungry.

C. Because he wanted to borrow some money from his father.

D. Because he had good news to tell his father.

18. The man went to talk to his son because ________.

A. he thought he might have been a little hard on his son.

B. he wanted to ask his son some questions.

C. he wanted to find out whether his son was asleep or not.

D. his son was crying in his bedroom.

19. The boy wanted to borrow some money from his father because ________.

A. he wanted to buy a toy with the money

B. he wanted to buy a birthday present for himself

C. he didn’t have any mone y

D. he didn’t have enough money to buy an hour of his father’s time

20. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Parents should give their children some pocket money.

B. Parents should not neglect (忽视) their children no matter how busy they are.

C. Parents should not be hard on their children.

D. Children can buy time from their parents.

(5)

Have you ever seen people dance? Some dances are fast and others are sl ow. People’s feet move when they dance. They keep on moving until the music stops.

People have enjoyed dancing for a very long time. This story is of a different kind of dance. It is a dance without people or music. Yet this dance is one of the oldest in the world. It is the dance of bees.

If you have ever watched bees, you know that they are very clever. They also work hard looking for food and bringing it back to their home.

The home of bees is called a bee-hive. Here hundreds — even thousands — of bees live. They work day and night building small walls of wax. Here they make their honey. This is the same honey that we eat.

Where does the honey come from? Bees live on food from flowers. Have you ever seen bees flying around a flower garden? When a bee rests on a flower, it tries to go to the center of it. There it takes in as much food as its body can hold. Then it carries the food back to the hive.

At the hive, bees change this flower food into honey. Then they fly away for more food.

How do bees know where to find the best food in the sweetest flowers? One bee acts as a guide. When it discovers good flowers, it flies back to the hive to tell the others. It does this by dancing for them.

The bee dances on one side. This tells the other bees which way to go to find the flowers, but that is not all. The bee dances for some time, and the length of its dance tells the other bees how far they must fly to reach the flowers.

When the other bees see the dance, they know where the flowers are. They fly away and return with more food for the hive.

Sometimes we hear the music of bees as they fly around, but few people have ever seen them dance. Yet without that dance we might never have sweet honey to eat.

21. According to the passage, people don’t stop dancing until ________.

A. the music stops

B. they are very tired

C. they want to go to bed

D. it is very late

22. In the text, ―an unknown dance‖ is a dance ________.

A. without a light

B. without people or music

C. without light and music

D. without any drinks

23. Bees carry the flower food back to the hive ________.

A. to eat

B. to store

C. to be a present to other bees

D. to change them into honey

24. What does a guide bee do if it finds the best food in the sweetest flowers?

A. It will fly back to the hive to tell the others.

B. It will take in as much food as it can.

C. It will bring it back to the hive.

D. It will change it into honey.

25. What does the length of the dance mean?

A. It tells the other bees which way to go to find the flowers.

B. It tells the other bees how far they must fly to reach the flowers.

C. It means that bees enjoy dancing.

D. It means nothing.

(6)

This story took place a long time ago. But it has been repeated time and again. Everyone is moved by the true story.

An old man was knocked down by a car and was taken to hospital. He was badly hurt, and during his few returns to consciousness, he repeatedly called for his son.

No one knew where his son was. A dirty letter was found in his pocket. The nurse learned that his son was a soldier in North Carolina.

The hospital called the Red Cross office to find the young man. The young soldier was rushed to the airport in time to catch the plane.

It was evening when the young soldier walked into the hospital. A nurse took him to the bedside of the old man.

“Your son is here,‖ she said to the old man. She had to repeat the words several times before the old man’s eyes opened. He dimly saw the young man and got great comfort. He reached out his hand. The young soldier held the old man’s hand and offered words of hope.

All through the night the young soldier sat beside the bed. The nurse offered to watch instead of him for a while. He refused.

At dawn the old man died. The nurse started to comfort him, but the soldier asked her, ―Who was that man?‖

“He was your father,‖ she answered.

“No, he wasn’t, I never saw him before.‖

“Why didn’t you say something when I took you to him?‖

“I knew right off there was a mistake, but I also knew he needed his son, and his son just wasn’t here. I realized I was ne eded. So I stayed.‖

26. What happened to the old man?

A. He drove a car and was hurt in a car accident.

B. He was knocked down by a car and seriously hurt.

C. He had looking for his son for a long time and finally found him.

D. He was sick and was sent to the hospital.

27. How did the hospital know the name and address of the old man’s son?

A. They found a letter in the old man’s pocket and learned that his son was a solider.

B. The old man told them.

C. A nurse knew where the old man’s son was.

D. T he Red Cross knew the old man’s son and helped the hospital to find him.

28. Who watched the old man all through the night?

A. The nurse.

B. The old man’s son.

C. The Red Cross.

D. The young soldier.

29. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. The old man died because nobody took care of him.

B. The old man did see his son and got better in the hospital.

C. A nurse in the hospital wrote the story.

D. The young soldier was not the old man’s son.

30. Why did the young solider stay and look after the old man?

A. Because he was the old man’s son.

B. Because he realized he was needed.

C. Because there was no plane to take at that time.

D. Because he was the old man’s friend.

(7)

We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions and to communicate with other people. We can learn a lot about what a person is thinking by watching his or her body language. Words are important, but the way a person stands, folds his or her arms, or moves his or her hands can also give us information about his or her feelings.

Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture. Making eye contact –looking directly into someone’s eyes –is in some counties a way to show interest. In other countries, however, eye contact is rude or disrespectful. The gesture of OK, making a circle with one’s thumb and index finger, has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money. In France, a person seeing the same gesture will think it means zero. In Brazil and Germany, however, the gesture is rude. The thumbs-up gesture, meaning ―great‖ or ―good job‖ in the US, is rude in Nigeria, but in Germany and Japan it means the number one. The ―crazy‖ gest ure, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means ―you have a phone call‖ in Brazil.

While there are many different interpretations of our body language, some gestures seem to be

universal. A good way of saying ―I am full‖ is moving the h and in circles over the stomach after a meal. If a person pats his or her stomach before a meal, it usually means ―I am hungry‖.

Perhaps the best example of universally understood body language is the smile. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers. A smile can open doors and tear down walls. It can be used to express almost any emotion. We can use a smile to apologize, to greet someone, to ask for help or to start a conversation. We can smile at ourselves in the mirror to make ourselves feel happier and stronger. And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than to see the smiling face of a good friend.

31. We can get information about a person’s feelings from ________.

A. his words

B. the way he stands

C. the way he folds his arms or move his hands

D. both his words and his body language

32. Eye contact ________.

A. is a way to show interest

B. is rude or disrespectful

C. has the same meaning in all the countries

D. has different meanings in different cultures

33. A good way of saying ―I’m full.‖ is ________.

A. moving the hand in circles over the stomach after a meal

B. resting one’s head on the back of one’s hand

C. patting the stomach before a meal

D. Both A and C

34. The ―crazy‖ gestu re means ________ in Brazil.

A. great

B. the number one

C. you have a phone call

D. none of above

35. The gesture for OK, making a circle with one’s thumb and index finger, ________.

A. has different meanings in different cultures

B. means money in Japan

C. means zero in France

D. all of the above

(8)

A patient came to see me about the stress in her life. She described all the things she had to do –one was to make her bed – from the moment she woke up till she flew out the door for work. I suggested she experiment by not making her bed for two weeks.

Two weeks later she breezed into my office beaming. She had left her bed unmade for the first time in 42 years –and nothing bad had happened. ―And you know what,‖ she said, ―I don’t dry my dishes any more, either.‖

This woman had made two major breakthroughs. One was discovering that she had choices in her life that she had never seen before. The other was giving herself permission to be less than perfect. It was a watershed experience.

This story illustrates an important principle about managing time: No one can do it all. Each of us

has to make choices and accept trade-offs. The problem is that many people choose in ways that put themselves and their health last. They take better care of their houses and cars than they do of themselves. They put everyo ne else’s needs ahead of their own. That’s fine if it’s occasional. It would even be okay if there was a balance. But most people living that way are wearing themselves out, feeling out of control. They stop exercising or start skipping meals; next they steal time from their sleep. Soon they get too busy to see friends; they stop reading or playing balls, and six months go by without a long walk. That’s not a great way to live. Fortunately, life doesn’t have to be like that.

So what is the solution? In a word, prioritize. Decide what you want in your life, and put that first. On a daily basis, that should include regular meals, adequate sleep and time with your family. Exercise, leisure, friendships and hobbies should also be regular aspects of life. The point is to do something for yourself every day. The choice is yours: Whatever makes you feel good about yourself and your life. Take a nap. Take a walk. Take time to play the piano. Stop bringing your briefcase home from the office. Stop keeping your house as clean as your mother kept hers. In short, fill more of your time with want-to-dos instead of have-to-dos.

Add your name to the list of people you’re trying to make happy. Not ―me first‖ or ―me only‖ but ―me, too.‖ Balance is the goal. Permission is the k ey. And the time to start is now.

36. What was the woman’s problem?

A. She felt stress in her life.

B. She had difficulty falling asleep.

C. She woke up too early in the morning.

D. She had to do all the housework by herself.

37. Some people put eve ryone else’s needs ahead of their own. What is the author’s comment on this?

A. That’s too stupid a thing to do.

B. That’s not acceptable at all.

C. That’s fine if it’s occasional.

D. That’s exactly what he does.

38. ―Fortunately, life doesn’t have to be like that.‖ What does ―that‖ refer to?

A. Stop exercising or start skipping meals.

B. Steal time from one’s sleep.

C. Stop reading or playing

D. All of the above.

39. According to the author, what should be put first in our daily life?

A. Keeping our house as clean as possible.

B. Exercise, leisure and friendships.

C. Time to play the piano.

D. Regular meals, adequate sleep and time with our family.

40. What attitude are we advised to take in life?

A. Me first.

B. Me second.

C. Me, too.

D. Me only.

(9)

―Learning a language is easy. Even a child can do it!‖

Most adults who are learning a second language would disagree with this statement. For them, learning a language is a very difficult task. They need hundreds of hours of study and practice, and even this will not guarantee success for every adult language learner.

Language learning is different from other kinds of learning. Some people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields find it difficult to succeed in language learning. Conversely, some people who are successful language learners find it difficult to succeed in other fields. Language teachers often offer advice to language learners: ―Read as much as you can in the new language.‖ ―Practice speaking the language every day.‖ ―Live with people who speak the language.‖ ―Don’t translate –try to think in the new language.‖ ―Learn as a child would learn; play with the language.‖

But what does a successful language learner do? Language learning research shows that successful language learners are similar in many ways.

First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from their mistakes.

Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word.

Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them. They find it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn with it.

What kind of language learner are you? If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively, and purposefully. On the other hand, if your language learning has been less than successful, you might do well to try some of the techniques outlined above.

41. A successful language learner must ________.

A. try to learn the new language independently, actively, and purposefully

B. depend on a good book or teacher

C. be very intelligent

D. always try to speak correctly

42. According to the text, those who ________ are independent language learners.

A. do not depend on the book or the teacher

B. discover their own way to learn the language

C. try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves

D. all of the above

43. Which of the following would most probably not be a piece of advice offered by a language

teacher?

A. Never guess the meaning of a word.

B. Don’t translate – try to think in the new language.

C. Find every chance to speak the language.

D. Read as much as possible in the new language.

44. What kind of language learners can be regarded as learners with a purpose?

A. Learners who are willing to make mistakes and try again.

B. Learners who translate everything into Chinese.

C. Learners who want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it.

D. Learners who depend on the book and the teacher.

45. Why is it more important to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word of the language?

A. Because thinking in the language means using the language in an active way.

B. Because it is easier to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word.

C. Because it requires more time to know the meaning of every word.

D. Because it is useless to know the meaning of every word.

三、英译汉

1. At times my heart cries out with longing to see all these things. If I can get so much pleasure from mere touch, how much more beauty must be revealed by sight. Yet, those who have eyes apparently see little. The panorama of color and action which fills the world is taken for granted. It is human perhaps, to appreciate little that which we have and to long for that which we have not, but it is a great pity that in the world of light the gift of sight is used only as mere convenience rather than as a means of adding fullness to life.

有时候,我在心底呼唤,希望看到这一切。仅仅靠触摸我就能获得这么多乐趣,要是能看得见,那该会发现多少美妙的东西呀!然而,那些看得见的人显然所见甚少。面对五光十色生机勃勃的大千世界,他们却无动于衷。这或许是人类的天性:对于已经拥有的我们很少心存感念,而对于我们不曾拥有的却孜孜以求。在光明的世界里,天赋的视力仅仅被作为一种便利而不是让生活更加充实的手段,这真是莫大的遗憾。

2. If you discover that you have problems getting along with your classmates or friends, the most important thing to learn is tolerance. Tolerance is the ability to realize and respect the differences in others. We can not change the way that other people do, so it is important to learn to live happily with them. Tolerance will make everyone get on better with each other. Getting to know someone may help you understand why they do things differently. Something different does not exactly mean that it is bad. Tolerance teaches us to keep an even temper and open mind.

假如你发现自己与同学或朋友不能友好相处,那么最重要的就是要学会宽容。宽容是能够认识到并尊重别人身上存在的差异的一种能力。我们不能改变别人做事情的方式,因此重要的是学会愉快地和他们相处。宽容会让每个人更好地与他人相处。了解某个人有助于你明白他们为什么会用不同的方式去做事。不同并非就是不好。宽容教会我们保持心态平和、心胸开阔。

3. Why is more and more land becoming deserts? Scientists think that people make deserts. People are doing bad things to the earth. Some places on the earth do not get very much rain. Yet, they still do not become deserts. This is because there are some green plants growing there. Small green plants and grass are very important to dry places. Plants help keep water in the earth. Plants

do not let the wind blow the dirt away. When a little bit of rain falls, the plants hold water. Without plants, the land can become a desert much more easily.

为什么越来越多的土地变成了沙漠?科学家们认为是人类造成了土地的沙漠化。人们目前的行为正在给地球造成破坏。地球上有些地方降雨很少,可并没有变成沙漠。因为那儿有绿色植被。矮小的绿色植物和草对于干旱地区是极其重要的。植物有助于涵养土壤中的水分,防止大风把泥土吹走。即便是下下雨,植物也能够使水分得以保持。没有了植被,土壤更容易沙漠化。

4. Tolerance will make everyone get on better with each other. Getting to know someone may help you understand why they do things differently.Something different does not exactly mean that it is bad. Tolerance teaches us to keep an even temper and open mind. You need to remember an old saying, “treat others how you want to be treated”. You would like to be treated kindly by your classmates, so it is important to treat them kindly too.If you tolerate something, it does not mean that you have to like it. Tolerance just means that you should respect the differences in others and not try to make them change.

宽容会让每个人更好地与他人相处。了解某个人有助于你明白他们为什么会用不同的方式去做事。不同并非就是不好。宽容教会我们保持心态平和、心胸开阔。你需要记住一句古老的谚语:“用希望别人对待自己的方式对待别人”。你希望你的同学对你有好,那么重要的是你也要友好地对待他们。你容忍某件事,并不是说你就得喜欢它。没有人要求你改变自己或改变你的信仰。宽容的意思就是你应该尊重别人身上存在的差异,而不是强求他们去改变。5. Later, after we turned in all the test papers, the teacher asked me to stay in the room. As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about what it meant to grow up; she mentioned how important it was to stand on your own feet and be responsible for my own acts. For a long time she talked about honesty and emphasized that when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating themselves. She made me promise that I wouldn’t think seriously about what she said, and then she told me I could leave. I walked out of the room wondering why she chose to talk to me about all these things.

后来,等我们都交了试卷之后,老师要我留下。等其他人走了之后,她开始和我谈长大成人意味着什么。她提到了自立和对自己行为负责的重要性。她谈了很长时间关于诚实的话题,并且强调说,如果人们做了不诚实的事情,那就是自欺欺人。她让我保证不会把她说的话想的太重,然后才说我可以走了。我走出教室,很奇怪她为什么选择和我谈这些。

6. Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word.

成功的语言学习是主动的学习。因此,成功的学习者不坐等使用语言的机会。他们主动去找讲这种语言的人,请他们在自己出错时帮助纠正。他们利用一切机会进行交流。他们敢于重复听到的话语,也勇于开口去讲,不怕别人笑话。他们不怕犯错误,反复练习。当交流遇到障碍时,他们能够接受不准确或不完整的信息。对他们来说,更重要的是学会这种语言思维,而不是弄懂每一个单词的意思。

7. One hot summer day, Professor Rudd decided to take his children to the beach. The seaside town he planned to visit was a three-hour train ride away. To make the trip more interesting for his

young children, he kept the name of the town a secret. Unfortunately, by the time Rudd had arrived at the train station, the poor forgetful man had forgotten the name of his destination himself. Luckily, a friend of his happened to be in the station. He offered to take care of the children while Rudd went back home to find out where he was going.

一个炎炎的夏日,RUDD教授决定带他的孩子们去海边。他计划要去的那个海滨城镇需要坐三个小时的火车才能到。为了让孩子们感到旅途更加有趣,他没有将城镇的名字告诉孩子。可是当RUDD到达火车站的时候,这位可怜的健忘的人竟然忘记了自己要去什么地方。不过幸亏他的一个朋友碰巧也在火车站。朋友主动提出帮他照看孩子,让他回家去搞清楚他到底要去哪里。

8. How do bees know where to find the best food in the sweetest flowers? One bee acts as a guide. When it discovers good flowers, it flies back to the hive to tell the others. It does this by dancing for them. The bee dances on one side. This tells the other bees which way to go to find the flowers, but that is not all. The bee dances for some time, and the length of its dance tells the other bees how far they must fly to reach the flowers. When the other bees see the dance, they know where the flowers are. They fly away and return with more food for the hive.

蜜蜂是怎么知道到哪里去寻找最甜的花,并采到最好吃的食物呢?一只蜜蜂充当向导,如果它发现了好的花,它就飞回巢中,通过跳舞的方式告诉其他的蜜蜂。蜜蜂跳舞的时候朝着一个方向跳,这样就告诉其他蜜蜂到哪里可以找到花朵,但并非到此为止。蜜蜂的舞蹈会持续一段时间,它通过跳舞时间的长短来告诉其他蜜蜂他们要飞多远能到达有花朵的地方。其他蜜蜂看到舞蹈时,他们就知道花在哪里。他们会飞去把更多的食物带回巢中。

9. Perhaps the best example of universally understood body language is the smile. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers. A smile can open doors and tear down walls. It can be used to express almost any emotion. We can use a smile to apologize, to greet someone, to ask for help or to start a conversation. We can smile at ourselves in the mirror to make ourselves feel happier and stronger. And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than to see the smiling face of a good friend.

微笑也许是世人都能理解的身势语的一个最佳例子。微笑能帮助我们度过困境,能帮助我们在陌生的世界里找到朋友。微笑可以让人敞开心扉,可以化解隔阂。微笑几乎可以用来表达任何情感。我们可以用微笑来道歉、打招呼、求助或者引出话题。我们可以对镜微笑来让自己更快乐,更坚强。如果我们情绪低落或者感到孤独,没有什么事情比看到朋友的笑脸更能让我们开心的了。

10. Listening to English on a regular basis will not only improve your ear, but will also help you build your speaking skills. In addition to language tapes especially prepared for your course, you can also listen to English radio broadcasts, watch English TV, and see English movies. The first time you listen to a taped conversation or passage in English, you may not be able to catch a great deal. Try to get its general meaning first and listen to it over and over again. You will find that with each repetition you will get something more.

经常听英语不仅可以提高你的听力,而且也会帮你建立你的说话技巧。除了专门为你的课程准备的语言类磁带,你也可以听英语广播,看电视、电影。你第一次听磁带中的英语对话或文章时,你或许收获不大。首先尽力获得大意,然后一遍又一遍地听。你就会发现每重复一遍,你都会获得更多的东西。

11. The little boy quietly went to his room and shut the door. The man sat down and started to get even madder about the l ittle boy’s questioning. How dare he ask such questions only to get some money. After an hour or so, the man had calmed down, and started to think he may have been a

little hard on his son. Maybe there was something he really needed to buy with that $10.00, and he really didn’t ask for money very often.

小男孩一声不响地回到自己的房间,把门关上。这位先生坐在那里,越想刚才孩子的问题心里越感到生气。儿子竟敢为了弄到钱而想出这样的问题。大约过了一个小时后,他开始慢慢的平静下来,感觉自己刚才也许对儿子过分严厉了。或许儿子真的需要那10块钱买他想要的东西,其实儿子平时很少向他要钱。

12. The next evening the man upstairs came home from work late as usual. He was feeling very tired. He took off the first shoe and threw it on the floor. Then he remembered his comrade downstairs. So he took off the second shoe and put it under his bed very quietly. He had his supper, listened to the radio, read a newspaper and then went to bed. He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door. He opened it and saw the man from downstairs.

第二天晚上,楼上那个人像往常一样很晚才下班回家,他感到非常疲倦。他脱掉一只鞋子,扔到了地板上。他随后想起了楼下的同志。于是,他脱下第二只鞋子,把它轻轻地放在床下。他吃了晚饭,听了会儿收音机,看了一份报纸,然后上床去睡觉。他正要睡着的时候,响起了咚咚的敲门声。他打开门,发现是楼下的邻居。

自我鉴定 省委党校研究生毕业自我鉴定

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