Unit 1
II. Vocabulary:
Beauty-beautiful-beautify, harvest, celebration-celebrate, starve-starvation,
origin-original, religion- religious, ancestor Mexico-Mexican, feast, bone,
belief-believe, trick poet-poem, arrival-arrive, gain, independence-
independent –depend-dependent–dependence, gather, agriculture-agricultural
award-reward, rooster, admire-admiration energetic-energy, Easter,
clothing-clothes-cloth, Christian-Christ-Christmas,
custom, worldwide, fool –foolish, permission-permit
parking-park, apologize-apology drown-drowning, sadness-sad
obvious-obviously, wipe, weep, remind, forgive-forgave-forgiven
III. Language points:
1. mean
1) mean+ to do打算,意欲
2) mean+ n/ pron/that从句---意思
3）mean+ v-ing意味
meaning (n) 意思meaningful (a) 有意义的
2. celebrate (v)
celebration (n) 庆祝活动
hold a celebration/ celebrations
3. take place 不用于被动语态
take sb’s place/ take the place of sb= replace sb
take place 指经过安排的事情
happen 偶然发生，碰巧发生
break out 灾难、疾病、战争等突然爆发
4. would+ v 过去常常…
5. starve
starve for 急需starve to death 饿死
6. Some festivals are held to honour the dead, or satisfy the ancestors, who could return
either to help or to do harm.
1) v 尊敬,给以荣誉
2) in honor of 为了纪念
A festival is set to honor/ in honor of the hero.
Do harm to sb= harm sb
Do more harm than good
7. in memory of 纪念,悼念…
8. arrive (v) arrival (n)
The arrival of the plane has been delayed.
____ my arrival at school, Mr Li was there.
9. gain (n/ v)
I gained a lot from my teacher. No pains, no gains.
10. gather聚集,集合(vi) 收集(vt)
1) A lot of people gathered to see what had happened.
2) The student gathered a lot of information about the hero.
11. award 奖励
reward 回报,报酬
He received an award of 1,000 dollars.
He was awarded a medal for his excellent work.
12. admire
admire sb for sth
They admired our garden.
I admired him for his success in business.
13. look forward to(介词) + n/ v-ing
I’m looking forward to his coming.
--ward 向着…方向
backward 向后
forward 向前
14. As though/ if 好象
15. have fun with sb
1. parking lot
2. turn up
3. keep one’s words
4. hold one’s breath
5. obvious—it was obvious that…
6. set off
7. remind of
Unit 2 Healthy eating
语法：Modal Verbs ---ought/oughtn’t to；Should/shouldn’t; mustn’t; needn’t; (don’t) have to; will; can/can’t
I.本单元词汇：diet, nut, bean, pea, cucumber, eggplant, pepper, mushroom,
peach, lemon, balance, barbecue, mutton, roast, fry, ought, bacon, slim, curiosity,
hostess, raw, vinegar, lie, customer, discount, weakness, strength, consult, fiber,
digest, carrot, debt, glare, spy, limit, limited, benefit, breast, garlic, sigh, combine
III. 单元知识点（1）：
1.Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.
feeling very frustrated现在分词在句中作伴随状语
eg.She sat on the chair reading a newspaper.(表伴随)
Walking in the street, she met her old friend.(表时间)
Seeing no body at home , she decided to eat outside.(表原因)
The child fell, striking his head against the ground.(表结果)
2. His restaurant ought to be full of people.
Ought to 1) to show a moral duty 表示一种道义上的责任，应该
Eg.She ought to look after her child better.
You ought to study hard to get a high mark.
2)ought to have done 表示本应该…，而却没有…
Eg.You ought to have come yesterday.
3.He thought of his mutton kebabs, fatty pork cooked in the hottest, finest oil. 过去分词短语作
后置定语，表被动。
= which were cooked in the hottest oil.
Eg.The flowers picked by him are very beautiful.
4.Nothing could have been better.比较级与否定词连用表示最高级。
= All his food could have been the best.
Eg.I have never seen a better film.
There is nothing I like so much as playing football.
5.Tired of all that fat?
Tired of厌烦的He is tired of doing the same thing all year round.
Tired out 筋疲力尽I was tired out when I finally reach the top of the mountain.
Tired from 因…而疲倦I was very tied from running fast.
6. get away with sth./doing sth.
a)不因某事而受惩罚。I won’t have you getting away with cheating in the exam.
b)偷携某物潜逃。The robbers robbed the bank and got away with a lot of money.
c)收到较轻的惩罚。He was so lucky to get away with a fine for such a serious mistake.
7. lie 谎言，说谎
1）The program was full of lies.
2) He lied to his wife so that he could come home late.
单元知识点（2）：
1.Perhas he would be able to earn his living after all and not have to close his restaurant.
earn one’s living by… =live by…=make a living by…靠…谋生
eg. He earned his living by begging from door to door.
2.He didn’t look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.
Be in debt 欠债。
Be out of debt 还清债务。
Be in sb.’s debt 欠某人人情。
Eg. Saving my life, I am forever in your debt.
3.She didn’t look happy but glared at him.
Glare at 怒视，带有敌意
Eg. “How could you do that？”he said, glaring at his mother.
Glance at 扫视
Eg.He glanced at his watch and left in a hurry.
Stare at 张大眼睛死死地盯着
Eg.She stared at him in surprise.
4.Yong Hui agreed to stay and soon they were both enjoying the dumplings, fatty pork and cola.
Agree to (do) sth. 表示“同意某事或某建议”，后只能跟表“提议，计划，方案，打算，安排” Eg.He agreed to their proposal.
He agreed to get someone to help us.
Agree with sb. 同意某人
Eg.I agree with every word you said.
Agree on sth. 表示在某事上取得一致的意见
Eg.They agreed on a date for the next meeting.
5.But don’t you think it would be better if you were a bit thinner?
虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句的谓语动词用过去式（be用were），而主句的谓语动词用would(should, could ,might)+动词原形。例如：
If I were you, I should study English better.
If he had time, he would attend the meeting.
6. spy (v/n) 监视，侦查，看见，间谍
1) 暗中监视；侦查。It is impolite to spy into other people’s windows.
2) 看见，发现。He suddenly spied an old friend in the supermarket.
7.before long 和long before
1)before long是介词短语，在句子中作状语，意思为：“不久后，很快”。多与将来时或者过去时
连用。如：I shall visit you again before long.
2)long before是副词短语，意思为：“很久以前”，多与完成时连用。如：
He had taken a doctor’s degree long before.
Before不仅可以用作副词，还可以用作介词或者连词，这时long before…的意思为: “早在…之前”。如：He had come to America long before the war.
Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank-Note
重点单词、短语
unbelievable birthplace patience (patient) silly indeed adventure tiny
author wander bay loneliness fault character spot unpaid playwright
rude scream genuine scene account seek( sought-sought )
短语：1、make a bet on sth / that…2、do with / deal with 3、a large amount of
4、go ahead
5、as a matter of fact
6、by accident / chance
7、stare at
8、give up 9、account for 10、to be honest 11、care about
12、show …out 13、take a chance 14、be / dress in rags
15、be disappointed in sb 16、be worth doing 17、work as …18、in a rude
manner 19、be jealous of …20、even if / though 21、as for…22、be filled with
23、get into trouble 24、permit (doing) sth 25、permit sb to do sth 26、mind sth / sb. 27、be spotted by …28、be about to do…29、be/ get lost 30、be patient with 31. bring up 32. on the contrary
重点句子：（Notes to the text :Unit 3 page 80-page 83）
language point（语言点）
1. go ahead
(1) 进行；发生
The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned. 新桥的建设将会按照计划进行。
(2) 前进；继续做
Despite the bad weather, they still went ahead with their plans. 尽管天气不好，他们仍按计划继续前进。
(3) 取得进展，取得进步
He is always going ahead. 他一直在进步。
(4) (祈使句) 做吧，请吧
—May I start now？我可以开始了吗？
—Yes, go ahead.好，开始吧。
2. stare at 注视，盯着看
He stared at the word trying to remember what it meant. 我盯着那个词看，想要回忆起它的意思。
It’s rude to stare at other people. 盯着别人看是不礼貌的。
3. find sb/oneself done/ doing/adj/n/prep-phrase
When day broke, I found myself in a small village. 破晓，我发现我身处在一个村庄里。
I found myself lying on the bed. 我发现我躺在床上。
He found himself surrounded by many students. 他发现他被许多学生围着。
He found himself walking in the direction of the park. 他发现他正在往公园的方向前行。
I found him difficult to get along well with. 我发现他很难相处。
4. spot spotless spotted
(1) v. (用眼睛)挑出，察出，认出
I spotted her in the crowd. 我从人群中认出了他。
(2) v使……染上斑点；点上污点
The ink spotted her white shirt. 我把她的白色衬衫上弄上了污点。
(3) n 斑点；污点；圆点
She had spots on her face when she was ill. 她生病的时候，脸上出现了斑点。
(4) n 地点；场所
This is a nice spot for a house. 这是一个建房子的好地方。
5、order
①n 叫/要的菜
May I take you order now? 您的菜点好了吗？
②n 顺序，次序
The books are arranged in order of size. 书籍按尺寸码放。
③n 命令
Soldiers must obey orders. 军人必须服从命令。
We did it on his order. 我们奉他之命做了那件事。
④v 命令
The officer ordered his soldiers to march. 长官命令他的士兵前进。
⑤v 预订，订购
I have ordered a new computer from the shop. 我从商店里订购了一台新电脑。
I’ve ordered a steak.我点了一份牛排。
6. take a chance 碰运气
As for whether he will win the game or not, we must take a chance. 对于他能否取胜，我们只能碰运气。
7、manner n
①方法；方式
Why are you talking in such a strange manner? 你为什么用这种奇怪的方式谈话？
②态度；举止
He talked to her in a very rude manner. 他很粗鲁地和她说话。
③礼貌，礼节；风俗，习俗
It's bad manners to talk with a mouth full. 嘴里有食物时说话不礼貌。
You should have good manners all the time. 你应该时时刻刻都讲礼貌。
These are the manners and customs of the Chinese. 这些是中国人的风俗习惯。(4) genuine adj 真正的；真实的；名副其实的
We cannot make sure it is a genuine painting. 我们不能确认它是一幅真画。
●辨析：
◆genuine指物品的来历或性质同所说的是一致的。如:
a genuine antique 一件真古董。
genuine knowledge 真知；真正的知识
◆real adj 真实的；真正的；指从外表看来不是虚假或伪造的
That is a real dog, not a toy. 那是一条真狗，而不是一个玩具。
◆true adj 意为“真实的；确实的；确切的” 指符合实际情况。
It is true that he has won the prize. 他确实赢得了奖品。
Is it true that he is rich? 他很富有，是真的吗？
8、in rags穿着破旧衣服；穿得破破烂烂的(状态)
The old man is in rags. 那个老人穿得破破烂烂的。
9、indeed adv
①的确是；实在是；当然
—Did you hear the explosion last night? 你昨晚听见爆炸声了吗？
—Indeed I did. 我确实听到了。
②(表示惊奇、反语等)真是的；的确
—I earn $1000 a day. 我一天赚一千美元。
——Indeed? 真的吗?
10、from the bottom of one’s heart衷心地，真诚地；发自内心地
It was a request from the bottom of my heart. 这是我发自内心的请求。
●拓展：
break one’s heart 让某人伤心learn sth by heart 记住
heart and soul 全心全意地lose heart 失去信心
lose one’s heart to sb = fall in love with sb 爱上某人
(1) 宾语从句：引导词为that; whether/ if; what; which; who; whom; whose; when; where; how; why and so on. The object clause can be placed after vt, prep, and some adj.
语法：名词性从句（宾语从句、表语从句）
1、宾语从句：注意事项
◆用陈述句的语序。
◆注意从句的时态呼应（主句是现在时，从句用各种时态；主句是过去时，从句用过去的时态，包括过去、过去进行、过去完成、过去将来），表示客观真理或普遍事实时除外。
◆主句的谓语动词是advise, demand, request, order, suggest, insist时，宾语从句的谓语动词用should +v.
◆主句的主语是第一人称，谓语是think, suppose, believe, expect, imagine时，否定转移。
◆that引导宾语从句时，一般省略。不省略的情况为：a. 从句位于句首以示强调时；
b. 及物动词后的第二个及以后的宾语从句；
c. 谓语动词和that从句间有短语隔开时；
d. 在复合宾语中；
e. 宾语从句由“从句+主句”构成，从句的引导词紧跟在主句谓语动词后，that不省。
2、表语从句：
①从属连词引导
The question is whether we should ask them for help.
The fact remains that you are still behind the others.
②连接代词引导
Guilin is not what it used to be.
What she wants to know is which dress she should buy.
③连接副词引导
That is where Lu Xun used to live.
That is why he didn’t pass the exam.
That was how they were defeated.
注：还可由as if 或as though引导。
It looks as if it were going to rain.
Unit4
重点单词、词组
单词
astronomy, system, religion theory, atom, billion, globe, violent, , carbon, atmosphere, unlike, fundamental, harmful, acids, chain, multiplied, oxygen, exist, thus, dioxide, gravity, satellite, physicist, climate, crash, spaceship, pull float, weight
词组
solar system, begin with，in all direction, in time, lay eggs give birth to, prevent... from, depend on, block out, cheer up, now that, get the hang of, break out, watch out.
重点句子：
1.However, according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “Big
Bang” that threw matter in all directions.
2.The problem was that the earth became violent because it was not clear whether the
solid shape was to last or not.
3.It exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen
water vapour, and other gases, which were to make the earth’s atmosph ere.
4.What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth
to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.
5.So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend
on whether this problem can be solved.
6.When we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us but it will not be
as strong a pull as the earth’s.
7.I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.
8.We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the out side of the spaceship as the earth’s
gravity increased.
language point
1.explode vt. & vi.（使）爆炸；爆发
vt. & vi. （使某物）爆炸，炸开
explode a bomb
The firework exploded in his hand.
vi. (感情)突然迸发，(人口等)突然或迅速增加
1)At last, his anger exploded. 他终于大发雷霆。
2)She exploded into loud laughter. 他突然大笑起来。
Because they didn’t have proper birth control policy, the population exploded.
2. in time
1)sooner or later; eventually;
I’ll see him in time.
You’ll succeed in time if you work hard.
2) not late
She will be back in time to prepare dinner.
与time相关的短语:
in no time 立刻,马上
at times 有时
at a time 每次;依次
once upon a time 从前
on time 按时;准时
at one time 从前
for the time being 暂时
from time to time 不时地
kill time 消遣, 消磨时光
take one’s time 不着急, 慢慢来
3. fundamental
十分重大的；根本的fundamental difference
Hard work is fundamental to success
4. …by laying eggs.
lay-laid-laid-laying 放, 把...... 放在......; 产卵
He laid his books on the desk.
注意: lay (laid; laid; laying) 放置;产卵
lie (lay; lain; lying) 躺;位于
lie (lied; lied; lying) 说谎
The naughty boy lied to me that the hen that lay there just now had laid two eggs the day before.
5. give birth to
1) 生（孩子）
She’s just given birth to a healthy baby girl.
2) 产生
The extraordinary experience gave birth to his latest novel.
6. p revent…..from
The heavy snow prevented the children going to school.
We were prevented by heavy smog from seeing anything.
Ps: prevent sb. / sth. from doing sth. 用于主动语态时，prevent sb. / sth. from doing sth.
和stop sb. / sth. from doing sth.中的from常可省略，而keep sb. / sth. from doing sth.中的from不可省略. 用于被动语态时，三者中的from都不能省略。
7. depend
vi. 相信,信赖;依靠,依赖(尤指钱); 视……而定
1)Good health depends on good food, enough sleep and exercise.
2)他是个可信赖的人。
He is a man to be depended on.
3)You can’t depend on your parents forever.
depend on sb. to do sth. 指望某人做什么
4)---Will you go skiing with me this winter/
---It/That (all/just) depends. 视情况而定
dependable 可信赖的
8.block out
1、挡住、遮住（光线或声音）
Black clouds blocked out the sun.
2、忘掉、抹去（不愉快的事情）
Over the years she had tried to block out that part of her life.
9.Cheer up
1）Cheer sb./ sth. Up
Oh, come on---cheer up.
Give Mary a call; she needs cheering up.
2）使……颜色变亮
Bright curtains can c heer up a dull room.
10. 倍数表达法
1). “A + be + 倍数+ as +形容词原级+ as + B”.
This tree is three times as tall as that one.
His father is t wice as old as he.
2). “A + be + 倍数+形容词比较级+ than + B ”
The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.
长江差不多比珠江长两倍。
The number of students in our school is three times larger than that in theirs.
我们学校的学生数量比他们学校的多三倍。
3). “A + be + 倍数+ the +名词(size, length, amount) + of + B”
The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one.
新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。
11. now that
Now that you are busy, let me do it for you.
Now that everyone is here，let’s start work．
12. break out
它与happen, take place, come out等词的用法一样，是不及物动词，不能带宾语，不能用于被动语态。
1) （战争、疾病、灾难）爆发
The American Civil War broke out in 1861.
美国内战爆发于1861年。
2) 发生争吵
A quarrel broke out between them.
他们之间发生了争吵。
break down 打破; 毁掉; 破除; 坍塌; 坏掉
break in 破门而入; 打断
break through 突围; 突破; 冲垮; 克服
break up 打碎; 拆散; 分裂; 分解
break one's word/promise 食言; 说话不算数
Unit 5 Canada —“The True North”
III．语言点
1. Rather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train west to east across Canada.
她们不想一路乘飞机，她们决定先飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。rather than 表示客观事实，意为“是……而不是……；与其……不如……”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。
He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。
The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap.
与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。
We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall.
我们是在教室里开会，不是在大厅里。
She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢跳舞。
I decided to write rather than (to) telephone.
We should help him rather than he should help us.
是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。
rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
You rather than I are going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去要野营。
2. The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting.
that引导同位语从句。
[考例]
The news _____ our athletes won another gold med al was reported in yesterday’s newspaper. (上海)
A. which
B. whether
C. what
D. that
3. in; on; to
4. settle down 舒适地坐下/躺下
对(工作/生活)定下心来
使……平静
1)那个老人希望他儿子结婚并定居下来。
The old man hoped his son would marry and settle down.
2)这种药片能使你安静一整天。
This kind of pills can settle you down for a whole day.
settle down to sth. / v-ing开始认真对待；静下心来做
3) 他们终于开始讨论一些主要问题了。
They finally settled down to a discussion of the main issues.
5. manage to do = succeed in doing sth. 是“设法做、设法完成某事”的意思。
1) Although he hasn’t received any formal education, Mr Wang managed to finish his task.
2) We should manage to realize our dream.
[辨析]
manage to do sth.的意思是“设法成功地完成……”；
try to do sth.的意思是“尽力做……（但结果不一定成功）”。
如：
He worked hard and managed to pass the exam. 他努力学习并顺利通过了考试。
He tried to pass the exam, but failed because of laziness.
他试图想通过考试，但是由于懒惰而最终失败了。
6. across; through; along; over
eg. It is dangerous to rush across the street if you don’t watch out for the cars.
I will see some beautiful birds if I walk through a rainforest.
My office is the third floor along the corridor on the left.
7. They were not leaving for Montreal until later, so they went on a tour of the city.
她们要晚些时候才动身去蒙特利尔, 因此就在多伦多市内游览了一番。
until/till 直到……为止。肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某时”, 动词必须是延续性的。
I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。
Wait till I call you. 等着我叫你。
not…until 直到……才。否定形式表达的意思是“直至某时才做某事”。动词一般为非延续性的。
He didn’t finish the work until yesterday.
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。
否定句可用另外两种句式表示。
a. not until …在句首, 主句用倒装。
Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.
直到19 世纪初, 人类才知道热能是什么。
b. 用于强调句It is not until… that…
It was not until I told him that he knew about it. 直至我告诉他, 他才知道这件事。
8. …because most of the Chinese people here come from South China, especially Hong Kong. especially表示“尤其, 格外, 特别”,意思相当于“in particular”或“particularly”。多用在介词短语或连词前面。
specially表示“为了一个特别的目的,专门地, 特别地”, 意思相当于“for a special reason or purpose”。
I came specially to see you. 我特地来看你。
The weather has been especially cold. 最近天气特别冷。
It’s always difficult being in a foreign country, _____if you don’t speak the language.
A. extremely
B. especially
C. specially
D. naturally
9. It’s too bad you can’t go as far as Ottawa, Canada’s capital. (P38)
as far as 1) 直到……远，远到……；
2) (表示程度，范围)就……；据……；至于……。常用于as far as I know“据我所知”，
as far as I am concerned“就我而言”等结构中。
_____ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. (北京2004春)
A. As long as
B. As far as
C. Just as
D. Even if
10. The train left late that night and arrived in Montreal at dawn the next morning.
火车在那夜晚些时候起程,第二天黎明到达了蒙特利尔。
at, on, in表示时间的用法区别
at表示时间点, 常用来表示时刻, 如果一段时间按时间点对待也用at。
at 2:30, at dawn / noon / night / dusk / sunrise / sunset / breakfast / lunch dinner / supper, at this / that time, at the beginning of this century
at也可以表示节假日, 例如: at Easter, at Christmas
on表示一天或某一天的一部分。
on Monday, on September 26, on Monday morning, on Friday evening
in表示少于一天或多于一天的时间段。
in the morning / afternoon / evening, in a week, in three days, in May, in spring, in 2002,
in my childhood
注: morning, afternoon, evening, night这些名词如果有一个表示具体某一天的名词作定语时, 介词不用in 或at, 而应该用on。
on Thursday evening, on a cold winter morning, on the afternoon of April 8,
on the night of his return
Montreal.
女孩子们告诉他，她们是在乘火车穿越加拿大的旅行中，在蒙特利尔只呆一天。
如果在一个复合句中有两个或两个以上并列的宾语从句, 第一个that可以省略, 第二个及以后的that不可以省略。
人教版高中高一英语必修4（四）各单元重点知识点归纳 Unit1 Women of achievement 重要词汇拓展 1 welfare n 福利事业，福利 2 achievement n.成就，功绩→achieve v.达到，完成，实现 3. specialist n.专家，专业工作者→special adj.特殊的，专门的→specialize vi.专攻，专门从事 4. project n.方案, 计划,, 设计，工程, 企业, 事业，科研项目; 课外自修项目 vi. ①伸出, 突出②设想自已处身于(into) 5. connection n.连接，关系→connect v.连接 6. condition n. 状况（不可数），条件（可数），环境（复数）on no condition 决不 https://www.doczj.com/doc/af14864164.html,anization n.组织，机构，团体organize—vt.组织;筹备, 成立; 使加入工会，使有条理 8.behave v.举止，表现→behavior n.行为，举止 9. shade n.阴凉处v.遮住光线 10.▲ worthwhile adj.值得的，值得做的It is worthwhile doing sth./ to do sth. worth adj.值……，值得……be worth doing worthy adj.值得做的，可尊敬的be worthy of sth/ being done be worthy to be done
11. observe v.观察，观测，遵守→observation n.观察，观测 12. respect v./n.尊敬，尊重，敬意→respectable adj.值得尊敬的，正派的，体面地→respectful adj.有礼貌的，恭敬的 13. argue .v.争论，辩论→argument n.争论，辩论argued-adj 引起争论的 14.entertainment-n 款待，娱乐entertain-v 款待；招待，娱乐，抱有，怀着（想法、疑问） 15. crowd n.人群，观众v.挤满，使拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的 16. inspire v.鼓舞，激发→inspired adj.受到鼓舞的，有灵感的→inspiring adj.鼓舞人的→inspiration n.鼓舞，灵感 17 support v.支持，拥护→supporter n.支持者，拥护者 18.refer-vi 谈到，查阅，参考 19.intend v.计划，打算→intention n.打算，目的，意图 20.considerate adj.考虑周到的→consider v.考虑，认为 →consideration n考虑，体谅→considering prep考虑到 21.kind adj 仁慈的，和善的，友爱的kindness –n 仁慈，好意，善良 22.deliver v.递送，生（小孩），接生，发表（演讲等）→delivery n.投递，交货，分娩 23.modest adj 谦虚的，谦让的，适度的 重点短语梳理 1 devote…to (doing) sth.把…奉献给devote oneself to致力于，献身于be devoted to专心致志于 2 human beings 人类 3 move off 离开，启程，出发 4 lead a…life 过着……的生活
高中英语必修三知识点总 结 Final approval draft on November 22, 2020
必修三u n i t1 1.take place / happen / break out 无被动 2.starve to death 饿死 starve to do渴望做.. starve for 渴望得到.. 3.in memory of 纪念 4.dress up 穿上盛装，打扮 5. play a trick / tricks on play a joke / jokes on 6.award sb. sth.=award sth. to sb.授予某人某物 reward sb. for sth. 因... 而报答，奖赏某人 reward sb. with sth. 用...报答，酬谢某人 7.look forward to doing *以介词to结尾的短语 pay attention to (doing) devote… to (doing) attach… to (doing) attach great importance to... 认为...很重要 8.without permission.未经许可 permit doing sth. permit sb.to do sb be permitted to do 9.turn up 出现,调高 turn down 拒绝，调低 turn out (to be ) 结果是 turn to sb (for help) 求助 10 keep one’s word守信用；履行诺言hold one’s breath屏息；屏气 11.apologize to sb for sth make an apology to sb for sth 11.set off （for...) = set out（for...) 动身，出发 12.remind sb. of sth. /sb.使某人想起… remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 14.mean to do打算做 mean doing 意味着 15 be satisfied with 对…感到满意 satisfying 令人满意的 16lead to 导致；通向，通往 17. It is/was obvious that。。。很明显…… 18.get/be married to U2 1. have / keep a healthy diet
人教版必修一各单元知识点总结Unit One Friendship 一、重点短语 1.go through 经历，经受 get through 通过；完成；接通电话 2. set down 记下，放下 3. a series of 一系列 4. on purpose 有目的的 5. in order to 为了 6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻 7. face to face 面对面 8. fall in love 爱上 9. join in 参加（某个活动）； take part in 参加（活动） join 加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员） 10. calm down 冷静下来 11. suffer from 遭受 12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦 13. be concerned about 关心 14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽 15. be good at/do well in 擅长于… 16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是… 17. no longer / not …any longer 不再… 18. too much 太多（后接不可数n.） much too 太…(后接adj.) 19. not…until 直到…才 20. it’s no pleasure doing sth 做…并不开心 21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为… make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 二、语法----直接引语和间接引语 概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。
高中英语人教版必修一知识点总结 Unit 1 Friendship Unit 2 English around the world Unit 3 Tracel journal Unit 4 Earthquakes Unit 5 Nelson Mandela - a modern hero 第一单元 1）add vt/vi加；添加；增添 add up合计加起来，但在口语中有时用于否定句，表示“莫名其妙，不说明问题”。add up to 总计共达，所有一切都说明，总而言之。 add sth（to sth）把……加到……里去。 add to 增加，扩建。 add 表示“继续说，补充说”。 区别add和increase add意思是“加，增加”，强调添加。或者表示将数字加起来求和。 increase“增加”，表示在数量，产量，尺寸，程度等方面的增加。 2）cheat v 欺骗；作弊n 骗子；作弊者；骗人的事 cheat sb of sth cheat sth out of sb 从某人处欺诈某物 cheat on/at/in 作弊，欺诈 3)list v 将事物列于表上；编事物的目录n 名单；目录；一览表 make a list of 造表，列……表 take…off the list 从表上去掉…… stand first on the list 居首位，列前茅 as listed above 如上所列 3）share share in 分享，分担，共用 share sth with sb 和某人共用/共享某事物 share out 分配，分发；得到股息，升股息 share（n.）in/of 一分，部分 4）trust vi/vt 信任，信赖；依赖 trust in 相信，信任，信仰 trust to 依靠（运气等），依赖 trust that… 希望，想 5）suffer vt/vi 遭受，受到，蒙受；受痛苦，受折磨，受惩罚，受损伤 suffer from 受……伤害；患……病痛 注意：suffer 和suffer from 都不能用于被动语态 6）calm vt/vi/adj. 使平静；使镇定。平静的，镇静的，沉着的。 calm down 平静下来，镇定下来 quite指人对外界事物感触的安静。对人时，侧重不激动，平静温和，不发表意见。still指完全没有声音或者没有动静，突然静止不动。 silent主要指人不爱说话，沉默不语。 7）concern
欢迎使用，祝您学有所成。 第一单元 1）achieve 表示“完成，到达”。 区别achieve，reach，gain： achieve着重表示达到一定目的的过程中所需要的技能，耐性和努力。 reach指达到任何目标、目的或指达到发展过程中的某个阶段。 gain强调经过奋斗才达到所期望的目标、优势或者有利地位。 2）condition 表示“条件”，condition为单数时，表示人/物所处的“状态”。 conditions（复数）指一般情况，环境。 in good/poor condition状况好/不好。 out of condition状况不好。 on condition that在……条件下，假使。 on no condition决不。 3）connection 表示“连接，关系”。 connections亲戚。 in connection with与……有关。 4）behave 表示“举止，举动，行为表现”。 behave oneself表现良好，行为良好。 behave as起……作用，表现为……。 5）worthwhile 表示“值得做的，值得出力的”。 句型It is worhtwhile doing/to do sth“干……是值得的”。 6）observe 表示“观察，注意”，可接省略to的不定式的复合结构，当observe用被动语态时，其后的不定式应回复to。 observe后也可接由现在分词构成的复合结构。 后接that从句，表示“注意到，说”。 observe还可以表示“遵守，庆祝”。 7）respect 作动词，后直接跟宾语。 respect oneself自重，自尊。 作名词，表示“尊重，尊敬”。have/show respect for意为“对……尊重/尊敬”。 have respect to注意，考虑。 表示“敬意，问候”时，用复数形式，常与give，send，pay连用。 in respect of sth就某方面而言。 with respect to 涉及，关于。 8）argue 表示“争论，辩论”。
高中英语必修三知识点总结98656
必修三 unit1 1.take place / happen / break out 无被动 2.starve to death 饿死 starve to do渴望做.. starve for 渴望得到.. 3.in memory of 纪念 4.dress up 穿上盛装，打扮 5. play a trick / tricks on play a joke / jokes on 6.award sb. sth.=award sth. to sb.授予某人某物 reward sb. for sth. 因... 而报答，奖赏某人 reward sb. with sth. 用...报答，酬谢某人 7.look forward to doing *以介词to结尾的短语 pay attention to (doing) devote… to (doing) attach… to (doing) attach great importance to... 认为...很重要8.without permission.未经许可 permit doing sth. permit sb.to do sb be permitted to do 9.turn up 出现,调高 turn down 拒绝，调低 turn out (to be ) 结果是 turn to sb (for help) 求助
10 keep one’s word守信用；履行诺言hold one’s breath屏息；屏气 11.apologize to sb for sth make an apology to sb for sth 11.set off （for...) = set out（for...) 动身，出发 12.remind sb. of sth. /sb.使某人想起… remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事14.mean to do打算做 mean doing 意味着 15 be satisfied with 对…感到满意 satisfying 令人满意的 16lead to 导致；通向，通往 17. It is/was obvious that。。。很明显…… 18.get/be married to U2 1. have / keep a healthy diet have / keep a balanced diet be / go on a diet 节食 2.show curiosity about sth do sth out of curiosity satisfy one’s curiosity be curious about 3. get away with cheating / lying 作弊 / 撒谎做而不受惩罚 4. lie to sb / tell a lie to sb 原形过去式过去分词现在分词 撒谎 lie lied lied lying 躺，位于 lie lay lain lying 放置，铺设；下蛋 lay laid laid laying 5．at a discount
必修一英语知识点总结 Unit 1 1.add up 合计 add up to 加起来是… add to 增加，促进 add…to…把…加到…上 add that 补充说 2.upset ①adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的②vt.使不安；使心烦 作为动词时，过去式、过去分词皆为upset，现在分词为upsetting 3.ignore vt 不理睬，忽视 1）ignorance n.无知 be in ignorance of 对…无知 out of ignorance 出于无知 2）ignorant adj. 无知的 be ignorant of 对…不了解 4. concern ① vt. 使担忧；涉及② n. 担心；关注/系 the concerned people 担忧的人 the people concerned 牵连到的人们 1) be concerned about/for 关心 2) be concerned with/in 牵涉到 3）as/so far as…be concerned 关于；至于；就…而言 5.set down 记下；放下；登记 1）set about doing 着手做某事2）set of 动身；出发；引爆3) set up 竖起；开设 4）set/put forward 提出；促进5）set out to do 出发；着手做6）set…aside 搁置 7）set down to doing 着手做 6.on purpose 故意；=by design for the purpose of 目的是 =with the purpose of 反义词：by accident/chance 7. in order to In order to 为了（位于句首/句中 so as to 只位于句中 in order that 位于句首或居中 so that 引导结果状语从句，需加情态动词may, might, could, can 等 8. power n.能力，力量，权力 1) be in power 执政；掌权=come to power = take power 2)have the power to do 有…的能力3）beyond/out of one’s power v某人力所不能及的 power 指职权/权力或做某事所依靠的能力 energy指人的精力，自然界能量 strength 指力量，力气 force 指自然界力量，暴力，军队力量，压制力 9.settle vt.使定居 vi.定居 settle down 安定；习惯于某种生活；认真做某事 settle down to doing sth.=get down to sth 着手认真做某事 settle in/into 安顿下来，适应…… settlement n. 解决；定居 settler n.殖民者 10.recover recover from 从……中恢复过来 recover sth. 获得某物 recover oneself镇定下来
人教版高中英语必修一知识点总结 人教版必修一各单元知识点总结 Unit One Friendship 一、重点短语 1.go through 经历，经受 get through 通过；完成；接通电话 2. set down 记下，放下 3. a series of 一系列 4. on purpose 有目的的 5. in order to 为了 6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻 7. face to face 面对面 8. fall in love 爱上 9. join in 参加（某个活动）； take part in 参加（活动） join 加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员） 10. calm down 冷静下来 11. suffer from 遭受 12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦 13. be concerned about 关心
14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽 15. be good at/do well in 擅长于… 16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是… 17. no longer / not …any longer 不再… 18. too much 太多（后接不可数n.） much too 太…(后接adj.) 19. not…until 直到…才 20. it’s no pleasure doing sth 做…并不开心 21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为… make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 二、语法----直接引语和间接引语 概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且 不要加引号。 例： Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.” Mr. Black said that he was busy. 变化规则
高二英语必修四知识点总结 目录 Unit 1 Women of achievement 知识点总结 (2) Unit2 Working the land 知识点总结 (7) Unit3 A taste of English humor 知识点总结 (11) Unit4 Body language 知识点总结 (14) Unit 5 Theme parks 知识点总结 (15)
Unit 1 Women of achievement 知识点总结【重点词汇、短语】 1. human beings 人类 2. campaign 运动，战役 3. behave 行为 4. shade 阴凉处 5. move off 离开，启程 6. observe 观察 7. respect 尊重 8. argue 讨论，辩论 9. lead a...life 过着…的生活 10. crowd in 涌入脑海 11. support 支持 12. look down upon/on 看不起 13. refer to 查阅，参考，涉及 14. by chance 碰巧 15. come across 偶遇 16. intend 计划，打算
17. deliver 提送，生（小孩），接生，发表（演说） 18. carry on 继续，坚持 【重点句型】 1. She also discovered how chimps communicatewith each other and her study of their body language helped her work out theirsocial system. 她还发现了黑猩猩之间是如何交流的，而她对黑猩猩身势语的研究帮助她弄清楚了黑猩猩的社会体系。 △ work out 解决、解答、计算出；产生结果、发展；锻炼；作出、制订出 2. She is leading a busy life but she says … 她过着忙碌的生活，但是她说…… △ lead a …life = live a …life 过……的生活 3. Many people look down upon poor people. 很多人瞧不起穷人。 △ look downupon / on 蔑视；轻视；瞧不起 4. If the word group refers to differentmembers, use a plural verb.如果group（作主语）指的是各个成员，谓语动词用复数。 △ refer to 指的是：提及；谈到；提到；查阅、参考
必修三unit1 take place / happen / break out 无被 starve to death 死 starve to do 渴望做 .. starve for 渴望得到 .. in memory of 念 dress up 穿上盛装，打扮 5.play a trick / tricks on play a joke / jokes on award sb. sth.=award sth. to sb.授予某人某物reward sb. for sth. 因... 而答，某人 reward sb. with sth. 用...答，酬某人 look forward to doing *以介 to 尾的短 pay attention to (doing) devote ? to (doing) attach?to (doing) attach great importance to......很重要without permission. 未可 permit doing sth. permit sb.to do
sb be permitted to do turn up 出 ,高 turn down 拒，低 turn out (to be ) 果是 turn to sb (for help) 求助 10 keep one’ s word守信用；履行言hold one’ s breath屏息；屏气 11.apologize to sb for sth make an apology to sb for sth set off （ for...) = set out（for...)身，出 remind sb. of sth. /sb.使某人想起?r emind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事14.mean to do 打算做 mean doing意味着 15 be satisfied with?感到意 satisfying 令人意的 16 lead to 致；通向，通往 17.It is/was obvious that。。。很明?? 18.get/be married to U2 1.have / keep a healthy diet have / keep a balanced diet be / go on a diet 食
高中必修一到必修五主要语法点 必修一：直接引语和间接引语(宾语从句)；现在进行时表将来；定语从句 必修二：定语从句(非限定定从、定从中的介词前提)；被动语态(一般将来时、现在完成时及现在进行时的被动语态) 必修三：情态动词；名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句及同位语从句) 必修四：主谓一致；非谓语动词(V-ing) ；构词法 必修 2 第一单元,非限制性定语从句的第二单元一般将来时的主被动第三单元现在完成时的主被动第四单元 现在进行时的主被动第五单元介词+which/whom的用法 必修 3 一二单元情态动词的用法三单元宾语从句和表语从句四单元主语从句 五单元同位语从句 必修4 第一单元主谓一致第二单v-ing作主语和宾语的用法第三单元v-ing作表语,定语和宾语补足语第四单 元v-ing作状语第五单元构词法 必修5 第一单元过去分词作定语和表语第二单元过去分词作宾语补足语第三单元过去分词作状语第四单元 倒装句第五单元省略句 必修一各单元知识点总结 Unit One Friendship 一、重点短语 1.go through 经历，经受get through 通过；完成；接通电话 2. set down 记下，放下 3. a series of 一系列 4 on purpose 有目的的 5. in order to 为了 6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻 7. face to face 面对面 8. fall in love 爱上 9. join in 参加（某个活动）；take part in 参加（活动） join 加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员） 10. calm down 冷静下来 11. suffer from 遭受 12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦 13. be concerned about 关心 14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽 15. be good at/do well in 擅长于… 16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是…
最新高中英语必修四知识点归纳 平凡的人则说，勤奋是一种传统的美德。可见，勤奋富有了多么巨大的底蕴与魅力，人类如果丢弃了它，绝对不行。下面给大家分享一些关于高中英语必修四知识点归纳，希望对大家有所帮助。 高中英语必修四知识点1 重要词汇拓展 1 sunburn v.日晒，晒黑→sunburntadj.晒黑的 2 struggle v./n.挣扎，奋斗，努力struggle against struggle for struggle with 3 decade n.十年，十年期 4 super n.冗员, 额外人员;[口]特级品, 特大号商品; 超级市场adj特级的, 极好的, 非凡的 5. hunger n.饥饿，渴望/v.使饥饿→hungryadj.饥饿的;渴望的 6.output n. 产量，输出，input输入，消费 7.disturbing adj 引起烦恼的，令人不安的，disturb v. 打扰，麻烦 8.expand vt.扩大, 扩展,张开, 使发, 详谈; 引伸 9. circulate v.循环，流通→circulationn.循环，流传 10. battle n.战役，战斗v.搏斗，奋斗 11. therefore adv.因此，所以 12. rid vt 摆脱，除去 13.freedom n 自由，自主→free adj 自由的，免费的
14.equip v.配备，装备→equipmentn.设备 15. export v.输出，出口n.输出(品)→import v.输入，进口n.进口(品) 16.nationality n 国籍，national adj 国家的，民族的nation n. 国家 17.occupation n 工作，职业，占领occupy v.占用，使从事，把注意力集中于...占领, 占据 18.confuse v.使迷惑，使为难→confusedadj.感到迷惑的confusing adj.令人迷惑的 19 regret v./n.后悔，遗憾→regretfuladj.后悔的，遗憾的 20.production n.生产，制造，productive可生产的，可制造的，produce –v 生产，制造 21.discovery n. 发现，发觉，discover-v发现， 22.focus v. 集中，聚焦，n 焦点，中心点 23. reduce v.减少，缩减→reduction n.减少，缩减 24 comment n./v.评论，议论 高中英语必修四知识点2 重点短语梳理 1 if not 如果不…. If so 如果这样， 2.consider oneself sth 自认为是…consider sb sth 认为某人是… 3.since then 从那时起 4.search for a way to do sth 寻找做某事的途径。 5.thanks to 幸亏，由于，因为(to为介词)
高中英语必修三第四单元知识点总结第四单元 ）solid 作名词，表示“固体”。 作形容词，表示“固体的，坚固的；实心的，纯的，牢靠的，立体的”。 beinsolidwithsb受某人的重视，与某人关系很好。 feelsolidaboutsth对某事心里有底。 2）explode 表示“爆炸，（感情）迸发，迅速增加”。 explodewith/intosth冲动，激动。 3）surface 作形容词，表示“表面的，水面的”。 作名词，表示“水面，表面，外表”。 onthesurface在表面上，在外表上。 作动词，表示“加表层，重新出现，睡醒”。 4）dissolve 表示“溶解，融化，分解”。 表示“解散，解除，消除”。 5）multiply 表示“乘”，multiplyAbyB表示“A乘以B”。 表示“繁殖，增加”。
6）generally 表示“一般地，通常地”，可以放在谓语动词之前或者系动词之后。 generallyspeaking表示“一般来说，总的来说”常放在句首作状语。 7）spread 表示“伸展，展开，传播”。 spread…with…把……铺在……上，把……涂在……上。 spread…on…在……涂抹……。 spreadoneself伸展四肢仰卧，夸夸其谈。 spreadone’snet布下落网。 8）prevent 是动词，后面可以直接跟宾语。 prevent…from…阻止，制止。from可以省略。 9）depend dependon/upon依靠，依赖，取决于。 it（all）depends，thatdepends表示“看情况而定”，单独使用，或用于句首。 0）exist 表示“生存，存在”。 existin存在于……中。 existon，existby都表示“靠……生活”。但existo后
人教版必修一各单元知识点总结 Unit One Friendship 一、重点短语 1.go through 经历，经受get through 通过；完成；接通电话 2. set down 记下，放下 3. a series of 一系列 4. on purpose 有目的的 5. in order to 为了 6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻 7. face to face 面对面 8. fall in love 爱上9. join in 参加（某个活动）；take part in 参加（活动） join 加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员） 10. calm down 冷静下来11. suffer from 遭受12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦 13. be concerned about 关心14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽15. be good at/do well in 擅长于…16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是…17. no longer / not …any longer 不再…18. too much 太多（后接不可数n.）much too 太…(后接adj.)19. not…until 直到…才20. it’s no pleasure doing sth 做…并不开心 21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为…make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 二、语法----直接引语和间接引语 概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。 例：Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.” Mr. Black said that he was busy. 变化规则 （一）陈述句的变化规则 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that（可省略）引导，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。 人称的变化——人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思 例：1. He said, “ I like it very much.”→He said that he liked it very much. 2. He said to me, “I’v left my book in your room.” →He told me that he had left his book in my room. 时态的变化
高中英语必修四知识要点归纳高中英语必修四知识要点归纳 1)achieve 表示“完成，到达”。 区别achieve，reach，gain： achieve着重表示达到一定目的的过程中所需要的技能，耐性和努力。 reach指达到任何目标、目的或指达到发展过程中的某个阶段。 gain强调经过奋斗才达到所期望的目标、优势或者有利地位。 2)condition 表示“条件”，condition为单数时，表示人/物所处的“状态”。 conditions(复数)指一般情况，环境。 ingood/poorcondition状况好/不好。 outofcondition状况不好。 onconditionthat在……条件下，假使。 onnocondition决不。 3)connection 表示“连接，关系”。 connections亲戚。 inconnectionwith与……有关。
4)behave 表示“举止，举动，行为表现”。 behaveoneself表现良好，行为良好。 behaveas起……作用，表现为……。 5)worthwhile 表示“值得做的，值得出力的”。 句型Itisworhtwhiledoing/todosth“干……是值得的”。 6)observe 表示“观察，注意”，可接省略to的不定式的复合结构，当observe用被动语态时，其后的不定式应回复to。 observe后也可接由现在分词构成的复合结构。 后接that从句，表示“注意到，说”。 observe还可以表示“遵守，庆祝”。 重点短语 1.breakinto闯入，进入 2.uptonow直到现在 4.feel/becontentwith对……满足 5.badlyoff穷的，缺少的` 7.pickout挑选出，辨认出 8.ontheedgeof在…边沿 9.cutoff切断，断绝 10.insilence沉默，不作声 11.makeuseof使用
必修三知识点汇总 Module 1 Europe 重要短语： because of be covered by/with be known for/as/to make A out of B on the coast work on have…in common refer to have control over/of have a population of little by little on the other hand in one’s thirties compared with belong to increase to/by in terms of be faced with ever since 重要句型： 1. It is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. one of the +形容词最高级+ 可数名词复数最。。。。之一 2. Portugal is to the west of Spain. ①表示位置: A is/lies in/on/to/off the+方向+of B A is located/situated in/on/to/off the+方向+of B ②位置+距离: A is (about)+距离+（to the）+方向+of B in ,on和to表地理方位的区别 （1）表示A在B的范围内（即A是B的组成部分之一）时用in.如：our school is in the west of the town.我们学校在城西。 （2）强调A和B两地接壤时，用on.如： Korea is on the east of China.朝鲜与中国东部接壤。 （3） A在B的范围之外，两者之间没有所属关系时用to。如：Our school is to the west of the hospital.我们学校在医院的西面。 3. on the coast和off the coast on表示“位于河畔或铁路，公路及海岸等沿线上”；off表示“稍离陆地，在沿岸的海里”。如： 语法要求： 一：一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词(+by) ”构成。被动语态发生时态变化时只变be的形式，过去分词不变。 现在时被动语态：am/ is/ are + 过去分词 过去时被动语态：was/ were + 过去分词 二：主谓一致：本单元主要强调第二个原则 语法一致原则。句子的主语是单数，谓语动词用单数形式；主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。 注意：(1) something, everybody, nobody , either, neither, each等不定代词作主语时，谓语需用单数。 (2) 当主语后面跟有with, together with, as well as, like 等时，谓语动词的单复数形式仍然要与这些词语前面的主语保持一致。 2. 意义一致原则。 一些集合名词，如：family, enemy, class, population, army等作主语时，谓语动词的
第一单元 1）add vt/vi加；添加；增添add up合计加起来，但在口语中有时用于否定句，表示“莫名其妙，不说明问题”。add up to 总计共达，所有一切都说明，总而言之。add to 增加，扩建。 add sth（to sth）把……加到……里去。add 表示“继续说，补充说”。 区别add和increase add意思是“加，增加”，强调添加。或者表示将数字加起来求和。 increase“增加”，表示在数量，产量，尺寸，程度等方面的增加。 2）cheat v 欺骗；作弊n 骗子；作弊者；骗人的事 cheat sb of sth cheat sth out of sb 从某人处欺诈某物cheat on/at/in 作弊，欺诈 3)list v 将事物列于表上；编事物的目录n 名单；目录；一览表 make a list of 造表，列……表take…off the list 从表上去掉…… stand first on the list 居首位，列前茅as listed above 如上所列 3）share share in 分享，分担，共用share sth with sb 和某人共用/共享某事物 share out 分配，分发；得到股息，升股息share（n.）in/of 一分，部分 4）trust vi/vt 信任，信赖；依赖 trust in 相信，信任，信仰trust to 依靠（运气等），依赖trust that…希望，想 5）suffer vt/vi 遭受，受到，蒙受；受痛苦，受折磨，受惩罚，受损伤 suffer from 受……伤害；患……病痛 注意：suffer 和suffer from 都不能用于被动语态 6）calm vt/vi/adj. 使平静；使镇定。平静的，镇静的，沉着的。 calm down 平静下来，镇定下来silent主要指人不爱说话，沉默不语。 quite指人对外界事物感触的安静。对人时，侧重不激动，平静温和，不发表意见。 still指完全没有声音或者没有动静，突然静止不动。 7）concern be concerned about 担心，关心as/so far as…be concerned 关于，至于，就某人而言 have no concern for 毫不关心concern oneself in/with/about sth 忙于，从事；关心，关切 have a concern in 和……有厉害关系be concerned in/with 参与，与……有关 8）separate v/adj 分开，和……分手；单独的，分开的，不同的separate…from 使……和……分离9）reason without reason 不合理 lose one’s reason 失去理智，发狂by reason of 由于bring sb to reason 说服某人理智些within reason 合理listen to reason 听从道理reason sb into/out of sth 以理说服某人做/不做某事10）power beyond /out of one’s power =not within one’s power力所不及的，不能胜任的 in power 当权的，握有政权的come into power掌权，得势 11）habit form / make a habit of doing=make it a habit to do sth 养成做某事的习惯out of habit 出于习惯 be in the habit of 有……的习惯fall/get into a habit of 沾染（养成）……习惯 break（off）a habit=get out a habit 戒除一种习惯form good habits 养成良好的习 12）according to为介词短语，后跟名词，代词，不能很从句，表示“根据；按照；试……而定”。according to其后引出的信息应来自别人或者别处，不能来自说话者自己。 according to其后不能跟opinion，view等名词。 according as 相当于连词，后跟从句，意为“正像，根据，按照，如果”。 13）区别join；join in；take part in；attend join 参加某个组织或者团体（党派，军队等）