2012年考研英语全真模拟题及答案解析汇总11
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
46) A recent phenomenon in present-day science and technology is the increasing trend toward “directed” or “programmed” research; i. e. research whose scope and objectives are predetermined by private or government organizations rather than researchers themselves. Any scientist working for such organizations and investigating in
a given field therefore tends to do so in accordance with a plan or program designed beforehand.
At the beginning of the century, however, the situation was quite different. At that time there were no industrial https://www.doczj.com/doc/b21102521.html,/kcnet1480/
https://www.doczj.com/doc/b21102521.html,/kcnet1480/research organizations in the modern sense: the laboratory unit consisted of a few scientists at the most, assisted by one or two technicians. 47) Nevertheless, the scientist, often working with inadequate equipment in unsuitable rooms, was free to choose any subject for investigation he liked, since there was no predetermined program to which he had to conform.
48) As the century developed, the increasing magnitude and complexity of the problems to be solved made it impossible, in many cases, for the individual scientist to deal with the huge mass of new data, techniques and equipment that were required for carrying out research accurately and efficiently. The increasing scale and scope of the experiments needed to test new hypotheses and develop new techniques and industrial processes led to the setting up of research groups or teams using highly-complicated equipment in elaborately-designed laboratories. 49) Owing to the large sums of money involved, it was then felt essential to direct these human and material resources into specific channels with clearly-defined objectives. In this way it was considered that the quickest and most practical results could be obtained. This, then, was programmed (programmatic) research.
One of the effects of this organized and standardized investigation is to cause the scientist to become increasingly involved in applied research (development), especially in the branches of science which seem most likely to have industrial applications. Private industry and even government departments tend to concentrate on immediate results and show comparatively little interest in long-range investigations. 50) In consequence, there is a steady shift of scientists from the pure to the applied field, where there are more jobs available, frequently more highly-paid and with better technical facilities than jobs connected with pure research in a university.
Owing to the interdependence between pure and applied science, it is easy to see that this system, if extended too far, carries considerable dangers for the future of science—and not only pure science, but applied science as well. (409 words)
Section Ⅲ Writing
Part A
51. Directions:
A chemical plant should be responsible for the water pollution in a nearby river. Write a letter to the City Environment Protection Agency to
1) state the present situation,
2) suggest ways to deal with the problem and
3) express your sincere hope.
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.
Do not write the address. (10 points)
Part B
52. Directions:
Write an essay of 160—200 words based on the following picture. In your essay,
you should
1) describe the cartoon briefly,
2) interpret its intended meaning, and
3) give your view on the issue.
You should write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
Section ⅠUse of English
参考译文
世人普遍认为发生在伊拉克的第二次海湾战争是对高速网络的一个至关重要的考验。
从第一次世界大战的早期无声电影，到对上次海湾战争24小时的全天候有线电视报道，几十年来，美国人一直怀着焦虑不安的心情，通过新的通讯媒体来跟踪每一次战争。
目前，随着炸弹在巴格达炸响，对网络新闻的战时需求急剧增加，这对因特网的高速
连接潜力是个关键性的考验。同时也是一个很好的机会，它可以吸引用户使用网络媒体，
并说服他们出钱购买在网上看到的信息，这就像上次对伊战争期间，CNN的报道价值让数
百万用户加入了有线电视网。
在过去18个月里，使用高速上网服务的人数稳步增加，目前，在美国已有7000多万人。受这种增长形势的鼓舞，许多大新闻机构的网站，匆匆忙忙把现场电视报道、录音报道、摄影专辑、动态武器展示、互动地图和其他电子报道杂乱无章地拼凑到一起。
这些网站充分利用了定格巴格达的摄影镜头和随军记者所提供的丰富可观的音像材料。早在开战初期，他们就发现，那些守在计算机旁的美国办公室工作人员是其最忠实的观众。
1. [答案] [C] followed
[注释] 词义搭配。notify vt. 通知;publicize vt. 宣传;pursue vt. 追求;从事。以上3词
均不合题意。follow vt. 密切注意;注视;跟踪。与上下文吻合。
2. [答案] [B] medium
[注释] 词义搭配。means 手段;method 方法;measure措施;以上三词均不合题意。medium媒体，符合上下文需要。
3. [答案] [A] coverage
[注释] 词义搭配。publication n. 出版;发行;convention n. 习俗;大会;conveyance n.
传递。news coverage媒体报导，故应选[A]。
4. [答案] [D] with
[注释] 结构搭配。“with + 名词 + 分词短语”构成独立分词结构，在句中作状语，
意为“随着…”。as是连词，不能引导独立分词结构;但可以引导时间从句。如本句改为
as bombs are exploding in Baghdad，则也可以。
5. [答案] [B] demand
[注释] 词义结构搭配。本句在谈论“对网上新闻的战时需求”，故应选[B] demand。demand n. (for) 对…的需求。report 后不接for，故被排除。concern n. 后可接about, at, for意为“对…的关心;挂念，如concern about his own affairs(对他自己的事关
心);concern at his misfortune(对他不幸的关切);show concern for his safety(表示对他安全的关心)。the concerns of the nation(国事)。prospect n.前景;展望。
6. [答案] [C] potential
[注释] 词义结构搭配。ability 后常接不定式作定语。chance机会，可能性，与the test of在逻辑上不能搭配。此句意为“检验高速互联网连结的潜力”，故应选potential。power权力;电力。不合题意。
7. [答案] [A] opportunity
[注释] 词义搭配。opportunity机遇，后常接不定式作定语，本题选[A]在词义和语法
结构上均是正确的。perspective n. 视角，看法;message 信息，消息;response 反应，均
不合句意。
8. [答案] [A] outlets
[注释] 词义搭配。outlet n. (水、气等的)出口;发泄;电源;直销店。to attract users to online media outlets意为“吸引用户得到网络媒体发出的各种信息”。
9. [答案] [C] just as
[注释] 逻辑搭配。for all that conj. 尽管;用来引导让步从句。now that conj. 既然。as if 似乎，后接方式从句，用虚拟语气。just as 就像。
10. [答案] [D] subscribe
[注释] 词义结构搭配。subject...to...使…受到、服从…。contribute to 有助于，促进。apply to 适合。subscribe to 订阅;同意。subscribe to cable 交钱收看有线电视。
11. [答案] [B] Inspired
[注释] 词义搭配。discourage vt. 使沮丧;打消(某人做某事的念头)。inspire vt. 鼓舞。impress vt. 使留下印象。effect vt. (=bring about)产生，发生，引起：effect a cure/a change/a sale 产生疗效/引起变化/实行大减价。
12. [答案] [D] access
[注释] 词义搭配。approach n. 接近，通入(to)。usage n. 用法。application n. 应用;
申请。access n. 利用…的权利：people with high speed Internet access(有权使用高速互
联网的人们)。
13. [答案] [D] hastily
[注释] 词义搭配。radically 根本地;激进地。plausibly 似乎可信地。orderly 有序地。hastily匆忙地：hastily assemble a novel collage of...(匆忙地把…拼凑在一起)。
14. [答案] [C] live
[注释] 词义搭配。living adj. 有生命的：living things(生物)。alive adj. 活着：He is
still alive. (他仍活着)。live adj. 实况的：live news coverage (实况新闻报导);live video(实
况录像)。lively adj. (生动的)。
15. [答案] [B] displays
[注释] 词义搭配。destruction n. 毁灭;installation n. 安装;contest n. 竞赛。均不合题意。display n. 展览：animated weaponry displays(动态的武器展览)。
16. [答案] [A] capitalizing
[注释] 词义搭配。embark on 从事;贯彻。broadcast vt. 广播。operate on 给…做手术。capitalize on (=use sth. to one s own advantage) 利用某事(为达到某人利益)。
17. [答案] [D] available
[注释] 词义搭配。accessible adj. 可进入的;有权得到的。desirable adj. 想要的，令人
满意的：a desirable job(令人满意的工作)。feasible adj. 可行的。available adj. 可得到的：the remarkable abundance of sounds and images available from video cameras (从录像
机中得到的大量音像材料)。
18. [答案] [A] focused
[注释] 词义搭配。focus...on把焦点对准…。rest on依靠，依赖。reckon on 依靠，
指望。depend on依靠，依赖;取决于。
19. [答案] [C] captive
[注释] 词义搭配。continuous adj. 持续不断的;perpetual adj. 永恒的;temporary adj.
临时的。captive adj. 俘虏的;跑不掉的;忠实的(观众、客户等)。
20. [答案] [B] at
[注释] 结构搭配。at在此句中表示“守在…的近旁收看”，有动作含义，如be at work/at table(在工作/在吃饭)。beside, near只具有地点概念，无动作含义，故应排除。
小结
按大纲规定“英语知识应用”，即完形填空，题材应为一篇240～280字的短文。本
文是275字，符合大纲要求。试题类型有逻辑搭配、词义搭配、结构搭配和惯用搭配。本
文与2010年考题要求相一致。完形填空解题技巧是：把握主题、抓住逻辑主线、瞻前顾后、各个击破，最后统观全文、查错补漏。预计2011年完形填空难度不会超过2010年试
题难度。完形填空解题时间通常为15分钟左右。千万不要超时，以免挤占后面各项的解题时间。
Section ⅡReading Comprehension
Part A
21. [答案] [A] An assertion is made and two examples are given to illustrate it.
[注释] 逻辑结构题。本题问：下面哪一表述最好地描述了本文第1段的逻辑构思?第1
段第1句写道：“学习的所有领域中，最重要的是培养态度：各种情感反应和逻辑思维过
程都会影响大多数人的行为。”这是作者提出的看法。接着作者举了两个例子来阐述这一
看法。可见，本段的逻辑构思应为[A]。
22. [答案] [B] teachers play a https://www.doczj.com/doc/b21102521.html,/kcnet1480/
https://www.doczj.com/doc/b21102521.html,/kcnet1480/ significant role in developing or reshaping pupils' attitudes.
[注释] 全文主旨题。本题问：本文要传递的中心思想是什么?本文第1段起了铺垫作用，从总体上提出作者的看法。第2段第1句切入了本文的中心思想，即小学的任课老师处于
影响学生各种态度形成的战略性地位。接下去各个段落从不同角度来说明该中心思想。故
应选[B]。
23. [答案] [B] in some aspects of social studies a greater variety of methods can be used in the upper grades than in the lower grades.
[注释] 推理判断题。本题问：作者在第6段中暗示了什么?参阅第6段。作者在此暗示，对低年级学生采用的方法比较简单、单一，而对高年级学生采用的方法则更多样化，
如讨论、研究、课外阅读和全天的旅行。
24. [答案] [D] the attitudes of elementary school-aged children are influenced primarily by the way they were treated as infants.
[注释] 细节辨认题。本题问：本文中没有提到或暗示的表述是什么?作者列出的4个选择中前面3个直接或间接地在文章中提到了。第1段最后一句是讲法西斯纳粹主要是受他
们听到的讲演和读过的书籍的坏影响，即为[A]所述的内容。第3、4段中作者谈到教师讲
的各种课程对孩子“形成看法”的影响，即为[B]所指的内容。第5段中作者提到it is unwise for the teacher to attempt to change their feelings by cajoling or scolding them,
句中cajoling(哄骗)即为选项[C]中的rewards，而scolding即为选项[C]中的lectures(严责，以长篇说教训人)。可见，是否选[C]的关键是对lectures的词义的正确理解。这样，只有
选择项[D]在本文中未有提及，故答案非[D]莫属。
25. [答案] [C] teachers can sometimes have an unwholesome influence on children.
[注释] 总结归纳题。本题问：本文专门阐述了什么?最后一段中作者提到because her influence can be negative if she has personal prejudices...(教师如果存有个人偏见的话，
会对学生产生不良影响……)。可见，正确的选择应为[C]。[C]选项中的unwholesome意
为“不良的，不健康的”。
注意：本文的试题要求考生对文章中的有关句子细细推敲才能正确解题。对这种试题
考生应深入分析命题者的思路，才能逐渐把握要领，学会解题的方法。
26. [答案] [A] To point up the importance of the trade union power.
[注释] 逻辑结构题。本题问：第1段中为什么提到英国经济的相互依赖性?第1段最
后1句和第2段第1句写道：“如果这些设施中任何一项(由于劳工纠纷)而停止运行，那
整个经济体系就危在旦夕。正是经济体系的这种互相依赖性使得工会的权力成为一个非常
重要的问题。”故应选[A]“为了强调工会权力的重要性”。[B]“为了简要概述基础设施
的巨大规模”不能入选，原因是它答非所问。[C] 是强干扰项，不能选的原因是它只提及
一点，偏离主题。[D]“展示一个集中的工业社会”，偏离段落内部的逻辑关系，故不能入选。
27. [答案] [B] remold themselves as industries change.
[注释] 细节归纳题。本题问：由于组织结构老化，有些工会会遇到什么困难?解这类题要注意段落的主题句及其扩展句的综合归纳。第3段第1句写道：“在工会运动内部存在着巨大的压力和紧张情绪，其中有些问题是由于工会过时的、效率低下的组织结构产生的。”接着对此论点进行具体阐述并举例说明。可见，作者要说明，由于组织结构的落后性，有些工会发现很难随着行业的变化来改变其内部组织。故[B]符合题意。[C]“适应先进的技术”是强干扰项，属概念偷换，因为文中指的是传统行业，而不是指有些工会。
28. [答案] [C] protect their own members at the expense of others.
[注释] 细节理解题。本题问：工会间产生分歧的原因何在?第3段倒数第2句写道：“技术的进步淘汰了许多传统行业，在这些行业中工会能够为它们成员令人失望的工作而苦斗，以致使其他工会成员的工作受到威胁或毁灭。”可见, [C]项符合此意。[D]“打算在新的贸易组织中代表工人”是强干扰项，属概念偷换，因为文中指的是新的技术行业中，而不是指新的贸易组织中。
29. [答案] [D] They are not organized efficiently.
[注释] 总结归纳题。本题问：大多数工会遇到的基本问题是什么?从最后一段中可以看出，由于行业的变化和重组，各种工会遇到了前所未有的困难——缺少内部有效的思想交流，组织机构陈旧，效率低下。可见，[D]反映了这种状况。[B] “它们的力量不如以前”是强干扰项，不能选的原因是它太笼统，针对性差。
30. [答案] [A] British Trade Unions and Their Drawbacks.
[注释] 全文主旨题。本题问：本文最好的题目是下面哪一个?从全文的内容看，文章主要阐述英国工会的状况及其存在的问题。故应选[A]。[D] The Structure of British Trade Unions 只提到英国工会的结构，而没有谈及其存在的问题，故不能入选。
31. [答案] [B] Problems Confronting Women Who Are Feminist Literary Critics.
[注释] 全文主旨题。本题问：下面哪一个标题最好地总结了本文的内容?第2段第1
句基本反映全文的主旨：“对于从事女权主义文学评论的妇女来说，这场关于主观性和客观性、评论家作为艺术家还是作为科学家的争论有其特殊的意义。对于女权主义的文学评论家来说，问题不仅是学术性的，而且还是政治性的。”接着文章环绕这个主题展开。故正确选项应为[B]。
32. [答案] [A] women who are literary critics face professional risks different from those faced by men who are literary critics.
[注释] 细节理解题。本题问：根据作者的看法，为什么本文提到的辩论对妇女文学评论的理论家具有特殊的意义?第2段第1句和最后1段分别写道：“对于从事女权主义文学评论的妇女来说，这场关于主观性和客观性，评论家作为艺术家还是作为科学家的争论有其特殊的意义。对于女权主义的文学评论家来说，问题不仅是学术性的，而且还是政治性的。”“只要学术机构仍然把客观分析看做‘男子的 ，而把直觉方法视为‘女子的 ，理论家就必须在这两种观点之间把握好细微的哲学方向。假如她想创立一种女权主义文艺批评理论的话，她最好还是把这种理论置于既不是纯客观又不是纯直觉的一般评论方法的理论框架内。这样，她的理论更可能以某种程度的冷漠态度来与其他的批评理论进行比较与对照。”文章中还写道：“男子可以自由地自称他是像艺术家那样的评论家，而女子选择直觉和个人经验作为评论方法和争辩方法时会冒各种职业风险。”可见，从事文学评论的妇女面临的职业风险不同于从事文学评论的男子所面临的风险。故应选[A]。
33. [答案] [D] tendency of members of the academic establishment to treat all
forms of feminist literary theory with hostility.
[注释] 细节辨认题。本题问：作者认为下面哪一点并不是影响妇女文学评论的困难?解这类题的关键是对所找信息进行段落定位。本题所涉及的作为女权文学评论家的妇女所遇
到的困难主要在第2段中加以阐述。[A]“男子占统治地位的学术机构有形成对妇女先入为
主的倾向”，可参阅第2段倒数第2句：“由于这些偏见，采用直觉方法进行评论的女子
可能被认为缺乏分析能力、缺乏客观性或批判性思考的能力”。这些都是对妇女有先入为
主的成见。[B]“把评论定义为客观的和科学的时所受到的限制”，参阅第2段第2、3句。
[C]“主张艺术特殊性的女理论家的作品可能被某些学者带偏见地加以考虑”，参阅第2段第3句。[D]中写有 ...treat all forms of feminist theory with hostility，文中未提及。
34. [答案] [C] are contested largely through contention over power.
[注释] 推理判断题。本题问：可以推理作者把哪些问题定义为“政治的”?第3段第1
句写道：“这些问题在一定意义上是政治性的：在这些问题上的争论与其说是以一种无私
去探索抽象问题的研究精神，还不如说是一场学术性的权力之争。在这场斗争中许多女性
学者(只是现在才大量进入学术专业领域)的学术生涯与专业命运将处于危险之中;同时她们
也会有对人文科学的理解做出特殊贡献的机遇。这种贡献可能会在我们的社会中反对歧视
妇女方面具有重要的影响。”可见，作者认为这些问题之所以是“政治性的”，主要因为
它是权力之争。故应选[C]。
35. [答案] [D] To convince the academic establishment to revise the ways in which it assesses women scholars' professional qualities.
[注释] 推理判断题。本题问：下面哪一点很可能是作者提到的“功利的政治目标”之一?第2段第2句写道：“如果她把女权主义的评论定义为客观的、科学的，即任何人，不管男女,都能使用的有效的、可证实的、理智的方法，那这种定义不仅使作为艺术家的评论
家的观察方法无法实现，而且也可能阻碍那些试图改变学术机构及其思想，特别是关于男
女在文学评论中作用的思想的人们，实现其功利主义的政治目的。”可见，[D]“说服学术
机构改变其评估女性学者的专业素质”很可能是作者提到的“功利主义的政治目的”之一。
36. [答案] [B] describe a situation and its potential drawbacks.
[注释] 全文主旨题。本题问：本文的主要写作目的是什么?第1段中阐述了“最近几年来，美国少数民族企业在面临新的、巨大危险的同时，也遇到了前所未有的良好机遇。”“少数民族团体很难在商业界立足，……因为它们无法得到大额订单和分包合同。现在国
会已经同意通过法律要求被奖励了价值50万美元以上的联邦合同企业要尽力找少数民族分包者，并将有关情况报告给政府登记备案”。接着在第2段中举例说明。第3段起始句写道：“尽管资助的增加给少数民族企业带来了很大的希望，这样做同时也给它们带来了风险”。然后，从三个方面说明了这种风险。可见，作者写本文的目的在于描述一种情况，
并说明其不足之处。
注意：解这类题要求考生有高度的总结归纳、抽象概括的能力。训练这种能力的方法
是抓住各段落的主题句，然后串起来进行抽象归纳，从而把握全文梗概。
37. [答案] [C] not had sufficient opportunity to secure business created by large corporations.
[注释] 细节理解题。本题问：根据本文，公民权利激进分子认为少数民族企业过去一
直面临的一个不利条件是什么?第1段第2句写道：“长期以来，公民权利激进分子一直声辩说，黑人、西班牙裔美国人和其他少数民族团体很难在商业上立足，其主要原因是它们
很少得到大公司的大额订单和分包合同。”可见，选项[C]符合此意。
38. [答案] [A] experience frustration but not serious financial harm.
[注释] 推理判断题。本题问：大公司假如不能使它的合同投标尽快得到订货，就可能会引起什么情况?第3段第3句起写道：“因此，如果它们(小公司)的分包合同由于某种原因减少了，这样的公司可能面临潜在的严重固定开支损失。大量的公司购买可能使小企业家受损，因为要他们做详尽的正规估价和投标会使他们耗费大量的时间和财力，小公司必须努力尽快得到订单，否则公司的士气和财政状况会受损。”言下之意，大公司如果遇到这种情况也会受损，但不会遭受严重的财政损失。可见，[A]符合此意。
注意：推理判断题解题技巧之一是正话反说、反话正说。考生常常可以由此入手，难题就迎刃而解。
39. [答案] [D] try to expand its customer bases to avoid becoming dependent on the corporation.
[注释] 推理判断题。本题问：作者暗示少数民族拥有的公司在与大公司做生意时应当怎样做?最后一段写道：“第三，能与大公司客户做生意的少数民族企业常常会冒一种风险——成为并继续成为大公司的附庸”。可见,作者暗示，小公司应扩大客户来源，以避免依赖大公司。故应选[D]。
40. [答案] [A] a business magazine.
[注释] 总结推断题。本题问：根据这篇文章的构思，本文可能刊登在什么地方?从全文而论，本文阐述了70年代政府规定的契约令给少数民族企业带来的利弊。本文不可能选自一本会计教科书，也不可能摘自财经术语词典(因为本文并未对财经术语注释)，更不可能刊登在商业统计数字年鉴上(因为其中没有列举各种商业统计数字)。可见，正确答案非[A]莫属。
考研英语二模拟试题及答案解析（7） (1~20/共20题)Section ⅠUse of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. Do people get happier or more foul-tempered as they age? Stereotypes of irritable neighbors__1__, scientists have been trying to answer this question for decades, and the results have been__2__Now a study of several thousand Americans born between 1885 and 1980 reveals that well-being__3__increases with age—but overall happiness__4__when a person was born. __5__studies that have__6__older adults with the middle-aged and young have sometimes found that older adults are not as happy. But these studies could not__7__whether their__8__was because of their age or because of their__9__life experience. The new study, published online January 24 in Psychological Science ,__10__out the answer by examining 30 years of data on thousands of Americans, including__11__measures of mood and well-being, reports of job and relationship success, and objective measures of health. The researchers found, after controlling for variables__12__health, wealth, gender, ethnicity and education, that well-being increases over everyone′s lifetime.__13__people who have lived through extreme hardship, such as the Great Depression,__14__much less happy than those who have had more__15__lives. This finding helps to__16__why past studies have found conflicting results—experience__17__, and tough times can__18__an entire generation′s happiness for the rest of their lives. The__19__news is,__20__we′ve lived through, we can all look forward to feeling more content as we age. 第1题 A.alike B.alongside C.aside D.besides 第2题 A.conflicting B.worrying C.revealing D.appealing 第3题 A.accordingly B.indeed C.hence D.nevertheless 第4题 A.resides with B.rests with C.depends on D.reckons on 第5题
94年-14年历年考研英语翻译必背词汇（英汉对照） 46) articulate 清晰的表达， 47) by all accounts根据、根据报道；by one’s own account根据某人自己所说，let alone更别提， 48) intensity紧张，abruptly突然地，sudden突然，soft柔和的，passage段落，rarely很少、几乎不，composer作曲家，compose作曲、编写, 49) associate联系， 50) suffer遭受, inevitable不可避免, render转换、使变成； 13年 46) strike打、震撼，for all尽管，style风格，urge需求、督促、鼓励，decoration装饰， 47)sacred神圣的，crude原始、粗糙，as opposed to与相反，shelter避难所， 48) in effect实际上，urban城市，discernible容易看出的，discern看出、识别， 49)blame批评， 50)implicit隐含的，explicit明确的，reference谈到、提及、参考，synthetic人造的； 12年 46) impulse冲动，unification统一、一致， generative生产的、生成的，generate产生， 47) constrain力劝、强迫、限制，constraint限制， 48) filter过滤, cognitive认知的， 49) empirical实证的、根据经验得到的, bias偏见， 50) track跟踪； 11年 46) erroneous错误的，error错误， 47) sustain支持、维持，illusion幻觉，conscious有意识的， 48) justification合理，借口，justify证明是公正的，rationalization合理，exploitation剥削、开发, bottom底， 49) circumstance环境， 50) upside积极的、正面的，contain包含，be up to取决于，array展示、陈列、一系列； 10年 46) rescue拯救，to the effect that大意是说，failed to不能，
____年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points). In 1924 America's National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting____1____ workers' productivity. Instead, the studies ended ____2____ giving their name to the Hawthorne effect, the extremely influential idea that the very to being experimented upon changed subjects' behavior. The idea arose because of the ____4____ behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to ____5____ of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not ____6____ what was done in the experiment; ____7____something was changed,
2012年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题National Entrance Test of English for MA/MS Candidates (NETEM) 跨考英语教研室—杨凤芝 Section Ⅰ Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D]on ANSWER SHEET 1. ( 10 points) The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices became an important issue recently. The court cannot_____ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law______ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that_____ the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial. Justices Antonin Scalia and Samuel Alito Jr., for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be____ as im partial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not _____ by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself_______ to the code of conduct that ______to the rest of the federal judiciary. This and other cases ______the question of whether there is still a _____ between the court and politics. The framers of the Constitution envisioned law____ having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions ____ they would be free to ____those in power and have no need to_____ political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely _____. Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social ______like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it _____is inescapably political — which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily _____ as unjust. The justices must _____doubts about the court’s legitimacy by maki ng themselves _____to the code of conduct. That would make their rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, _____, convincing as law. 1 A emphasize B maintain C modify D recognize 2 A when B best C before D unless
2016考研英语二测试题 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Although there are many skillful Braille readers, thousands of other blind people find it difficult to Learn that system. They arethereby shut 1 from the world of books and newspapers, having to 2 on friends to read aloud to them. A young scientist named Raymond Kurzweil has now designed a computer which is a major 3 in providing aid to the 4 . His machine, Cyclops, has a camera that 5 any page, interprets the print into sounds, and then delivers them orally in a robot-like 6 through a speaker. By pressing the appropriate buttons 7 Cyclops's keyboard, a blind person can “read”any 8 document in the English language. This remarkable invention represents a tremendous 9 forward in the education of the handicapped. At present, Cyclops costs ＄50,000. 10 , Mr. Kurzweil and his associates are preparing a smaller 11 improved version that will sell 12 less than half that price. Within a few years, Kurzweil 13 the price range will be low enough for every school and library to 14 one. Michael Hingson, Director of the NationalFederation for the Blind,hopes that 15 will be able to buy home 16 of Cyclops for the price of a good television set. Mr. Hingson's organization purchased five machines and is now testing them in Maryland, Colorado, Iowa, California, and New York. Blind people have been 17 in those tests, making lots of 18 suggestions to the engineers who helped to produce Cyclops. “This is the first time that blind people have ever done individual studies 19 a product was
https://www.doczj.com/doc/b21102521.html,/new/shengtsinghua 考研大作文只用写一句话就可以得18分 省省清华QQ: 867209142 关于一句话万能模板的几个问题： 1.万能，整片模板200多单词，只要写1句话填写3个关键词就可以适合任何一年考研话题作文。 2.高分，里面的遣词造句都是精心之作，句式多变、用词高级、语言地道，正常考生考场上几乎不可能写出如此高水平的作文，得高分在情理之中。 3.节省考场时间，考场上默写一篇背熟的作文要比自己写一篇作文至少节省20分钟，为自己节省宝贵的考研时间用来做其他题目。 4.节省复习时间，有了作文模板就不用再为考研大作文复习花时间。 历年考研 英语翻译题词组汇总 考研大作文只用写一句话就可以得18分 文章来源：https://www.doczj.com/doc/b21102521.html,/new/shengtsinghua 整理：省省清华 1990年 1. be determined by 由…所决定 2. have something to do with 与…有关 3. be central to sth. 是…的核心 4. in contrast/by contrast 与此相反 5. be due to 由于（常做表语） 6. be deprived of 被剥夺 7. respond to 对…作出反应 8. as the basis of 依据/根据 9. be born with 天生具有 10. In contrast 相比之下 1991年 11. shut off 关上，停止，切断 12. in any case=at any rate 不管怎样，无论 如何； in no case 决不 13. or so 大概，大约 14. at the rate of 以…的速率 15. take time 花费时间 16. be likely to 可能；倾向于 17. result in 导致 18. not nearly 远不能；远非 19. head into 走向；陷入（危机） 20. in the matter of 关于；就…而言 21. make…possible 使…成为可能 22. combine…with 把……和…结合起来；加上 23. in the fashion of 以…方式 24. such…as 像…一样
2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题 Section 1 Use of Eninglish Directions : Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of American military adventurism, but that’s not how it used to be .To the men and women who 1 )in World War II and the people they liberated ,the GI.was the 2) man grown into hero ,the pool farm kid torn away from his home ,the guy who 3) all the burdens of battle ,who slept in cold foxholes,who went without the 4) of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid ,5) an average guy ,up 6 )the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries。 His name is not much.GI. is just a military abbreviation 7) Government Issue ,and it was on all of the article 8) to soldiers .And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 9) it to the top .Joe Blow ,Joe Magrac …a working class name.The United States has 10) had a president or vicepresident or secretary of state Joe。 GI .joe had a career fighting German ,Japanese , and Korean troops . He appers as a character ,or a (12 ) of american personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of GI. Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle. Some of the soldiers Pyleportrayde themselves in the film. Pyle was famous for covering the side of the warl, writing about the dirt-snow –and-mud soldiers, not how many miles wereor what towns were captured or liberated, His reportsthe “willie” cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Both menthe dirt and exhaustion of war, the of civilization that the soldiers shared with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey, shelter, sleep. Egypt, France, and a dozen more countries, G.I. Joe was any American soldier,the most important person in their lives。 1.[A] performed [B]served [C]rebelled [D]betrayed 2.[A] actual [B]common [C]special [D]normal 3.[A]bore [B]cased [C]removed [D]loaded 4.[A]necessities [B]facilitice [C]commodities [D]propertoes 5.[A]and [B]nor [C]but [D]hence 6.[A]for [B]into [C] form [D]against 7.[A]meaning [B]implying [C]symbolizing [D]claiming 8.[A]handed out [B]turn over [C]brought back [D]passed down 9.[A]pushed [B]got [C]made [D]managed 10.[A]ever [B]never [C]either [D]neither 11.[A]disguised [B]disturbed [C]disputed [D]distinguished 12.[A]company [B]collection [C]community [D]colony 13.[A]employed [B]appointed [C]interviewed [D]questioned 14.[A]ethical [B]military [C]political [D]human 15.[A]ruined [B]commuted [C]patrolled [D]gained 16.[A]paralleled [B]counteracted [C]duplicated [D]contradicted 17.[A]neglected [B]avoided [C]emphasized [D]admired 18.[A]stages [B]illusions [C]fragments [D]advancea 19.[A]With [B]To [C]Among [D]Beyond
2010考研英语（二）模拟试卷 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word（s）for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.（10 points） Among the thousands of business schools now operating around the world you would be hard-pressed to find one that doesn't believe it can teach the skills of entrepreneurship. However, of the people who immediately 1 to mind when one thinks of entrepreneurs——Bill Gates, Richard Branson or Oprah Winfrey, for example—few have done more than 2 a speech at a business school. 3 , a recent study by King's College in London has suggested what many intuitively 4 : that entrepreneurship may actually be in the blood—more to do with genes than classroom experience. All of which 5 the question—does an entrepreneur really need a business-school education? Not surprisingly some of the best-known schools in the field have a 6 answer to this: they don't actually profess to create entrepreneurs, 7 they nurture innate ability. Or as Timothy Faley of the entrepreneurial institute at Michigan's Ross School of Business 8 it: “A good idea is not enough. You need to know how to 9 a good idea into a good business.” Schools do this in a number of ways. One is to 10 that faculty are a mix of classic academics and businesspeople with experience of 11 their own successful firms. They can also create “incubators” where students 12 ideas and rub shoulders on a day-to-day basis with the external business world, receiving both advice and hard cash in the form of investment. Arguably such help is now more important than ever. The modern entrepreneur is faced with a more 13 world than when Richard Branson began by selling records out of a phone box. According to Patrice Houdayer, head of one of Europe's best-known entrepreneurship schools, EMIYON in France, new businesses used to move through a 14 series of growth steps—what he terms garage, local, national and international. Now however, 15 the communications revolution, they can leapfrog these stages and go global more or less straightaway—encountering a whole new 16 of problems and challenges. In this 17 Professor Houdayer maintains that the increasingly 18 nature of MBA classes can help the nascent entrepreneur in three ways: by plugging them into an international network of contacts and advisors, by preparing them for the pitfalls and opportunities 19 with dealing across different cultures and by 20 them to the different ways that business is conducted around the globe.
历年考研英语翻译词组汇总1990年 1. be determined by 由…所决定 2. have something to do with 与…有关 3. be central to sth. 是…的核心 4. in contrast/by contrast与此相反 5. be due to 由于（常做表语） 6. be deprived of 被剥夺 7. respond to 对…作出反应 8. as the basis of 依据/根据 9. be born with 天生具有 10. In contrast 相比之下1991年 11. shut off 关上，停止，切断 12. in any case=at any rate 不管怎样，无论如何； in no case 决不 13. or so 大概，大约 14. at the rate of 以…的速率 15. take time 花费时间 16. be likely to 可能；倾向于 17. result in 导致 18. not nearly 远不能；远非 19. head into走向；陷入（危机） 20. in the matter of 关于；就…而言 21. make…possible 使…成为可能 22. combine…with 把……和…结合起来；加上 23. in the fashion of 以…方式 24. such…as 像…一样 1992年 25. refer to…提到；谈到 26. agreement on 一致意见 27. be comparable to 和…相当；犹如 28. in terms of 根据；按照；在…方面 29. on the whole 总体来说；大体上看 30. draw a conclusion 得出结论 31. have the attitude towards 对…的态度
____年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points). In 1924 America's National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting____1____ workers' productivity. Instead, the studies ended ____2____ giving their name to the Hawthorne effect, the extremely influential idea that the very to being experimented upon changed subjects' behavior. The idea arose because of the ____4____ behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to ____5____ of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not ____6____ what was done in the experiment; ____7____something was changed,
2012年考研英语(二)真题试题及答案 Section 1 Use of Eninglish Directions : Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of American military adventurism, but that’s not how it used to be .To the men and women who 1 )in World War II and the people they liberated ,the GI.was the 2) man grown into hero ,the pool farm kid torn away from his home ,the guy who 3) all the burdens of battle ,who slept in cold foxholes,who went without the 4) of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid ,5) an average guy ,up 6 )the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries. His name is not much.GI. is just a military abbreviation 7) Government Issue ,and it was on all of the article 8) to soldiers .And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 9) it to the top .Joe Blow ,Joe Magrac …a working class name.The United States has 10) had a president or vicepresident or secretary of state Joe. GI .joe had a (11)career fighting German ,Japanese , and Korean troops . He appers as a character ,or a (12 ) of american personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of GI. Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle. Some of the soldiers Pyle(13)portrayde themselves in the film. Pyle was famous for covering the (14)side of the warl, writing about the dirt-snow –and-mud soldiers, not how many miles were(15)or what towns were captured or liberated, His reports(16)the “willie” cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Both men(17)the dirt and exhaustion of war, the (18)of civilization that the soldiers shared with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey, shelter, sleep. (19)Egypt, France, and a dozen more countries, G.I. Joe was any American soldier,(20)the most important person in their lives. 1.[A] performed [B]served [C]rebelled [D]betrayed 2.[A] actual [B]common [C]special [D]normal 3.[A]bore [B]cased [C]removed [D]loaded 4.[A]necessities [B]facilitice [C]commodities [D]propertoes 5.[A]and [B]nor [C]but [D]hence 6.[A]for [B]into [C] form [D]against 7.[A]meaning [B]implying [C]symbolizing [D]claiming 8.[A]handed out [B]turn over [C]brought back [D]passed down 9.[A]pushed [B]got [C]made [D]managed 10.[A]ever [B]never [C]either [D]neither 11.[A]disguised [B]disturbed [C]disputed [D]distinguished 12.[A]company [B]collection [C]community [D]colony 13.[A]employed [B]appointed [C]interviewed [D]questioned 14.[A]ethical [B]military [C]political [D]human 15.[A]ruined [B]commuted [C]patrolled [D]gained 16.[A]paralleled [B]counteracted [C]duplicated [D]contradicted