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人教版必修一Unit 2 English around the World句式与语法

人教版必修一Unit 2 English around the World句式与语法
人教版必修一Unit 2 English around the World句式与语法

1.more than

【常考用法】

more than one不止一个more than once不止一次

more than 50 50多个more than a little sad非常伤心

more than I can do myself我一个人做不了more than a teacher不仅仅是个老师

more than a newspaper不仅仅是份报纸more lazy than stupid与其说傻,倒不如说懒

【十年高考链接1】

(1)(2007·福建高考)—Do you need any help,Lucy?

—Y es.The job is I could do myself.

A.less than

B.more than

C.no more than

D.not more than

(2)(2004·全国高考)Lizzie was to see her friend off at the airport.

A.a little more than sad

B.more than a little sad

C.sad more than a little

D.a little more than sad

2.even if (=even though)即使,纵然(引导让步状语从句)

I wouldn’t give up even if I failed a thousand times.即使失败一千次我也决不放弃。

Y ou should give the children the freedom to voice their ideas even if/though they are different from yours.即使孩子们的观点跟你的不一样,你也应给他们发表自己的观点的自由。

Y ou should stick to it even if/though there are many difficulties ahead.即使前面困难再多,你也要坚持下去。

【提醒】引导让步状语从句的连词

(1)although/though/as

(2)while

(3)no matter how/however,no matter what/whatever,no matter who/whoever...

【十年高考链接2】

(1)(2013·四川高考)He is so busy.He cannot afford enough time with his son he wants to.

A.even if

B.as if

C.because

D.before

(2)(2013·北京高考) I took my driving license with me on holiday, I wanted to hire a car.

A.in case

B.even if

C.ever since

D.if only

(3)(2013·安徽高考)It’s much easier to make friends you have similar interests.

A.unless

B.when

C.even though

D.so that

(4)(2012·北京高考)—Look at those clouds!

—Don’t worry.it rains,we’ll st ill have a great time.

A.Even if

B.As though

C.In case

D.If only

(5)(2011·山东高考)He had his camera ready he saw something that would make a good picture.

A.even if

B.if only

C.in case

D.so that

(6)(2010·湖南高考)Tim is in good shape physically he doesn’t get much exercise.

A.if

B.even though

C.unless

D.as long as

(7)(2010·安徽高考)The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities,they have the interest.

A.wherever

B.whenever

C.even if

D.as if

(8)(2009·北京高考)Y ou may use the room as you like you clean it up afterwards.

A.so far as

B.so long as

C.in case

D.even if

(9)(2009·陕西高考)My parents don’t mind what job I do I am happy.

A.even though

B.as soon as

C.as long as

D.as though

(10)(2008·山东高考)Y ou’d better not leave the medicine kids can get at it.

A.even if

B.which

C.where

D.so that

(11)(2008·重庆高考)All people, they are old or young,rich or poor,have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.

A.even if

B.whether

C.no matter

D.however

(12)(2007·浙江高考)Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice,they knew it to be valuable.

A.as if

B.now that

C.even though

D.so that

(13)(2007·北京高考)Leave your key with a neighbor you lock yourself out one day.

A.ever since

B.even if

C.soon after

D.in case

(14)(2005·湖南高考)Allow children the space to voice their opinions,they are different from your own.

A.until

B.even if

C.unless

D.as though

(15)(2005·辽宁高考)There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely,she was an only child.

A.ever since

B.now that

C.even though

D.even as

3.English spoken in England... 在英国讲的英语……

过去分词作定语,与所修饰的词之间为动宾关系。

This will be the best novel of its kind ever written (=that has ever been written).这将是这类小说中写得最好的。Who were the so-called guests invited (=that had been invited) to your party last night?昨晚被邀请参加你的晚会的那些所谓的客人是谁?

【辨析1】过去分词作定语与现在分词作定语

(1)过去分词作定语表示被动、完成。

(2)现在分词作定语表示主动、进行。

【辨析2】done,being done与to be done作定语

(1)done作定语表示被动、完成。

(2)being done作定语表示被动、进行。

(3)to be done作定语表示被动、将来。

【十年高考链接3】

(1)(2013·天津高考)In some languages,100 words make up half of all words in daily conversations.

https://www.doczj.com/doc/b83060564.html,ing

B.to use

C.having used

https://www.doczj.com/doc/b83060564.html,ed

(2)(2013·湖南高考)Y ou cannot accept an opinion to you unless it is based on facts.

A.offering

B.to offer

C.having offered

D.offered

(3)(2013·陕西高考)The witnesses by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.

A.questioned

B.being questioned

C.to be questioned

D.having questioned

(4)(2012·浙江高考)“It’s such a nice place,”Mo ther said as she sat at the table for customers.

A.to be reserved

B.being reserved

C.reserving

D.reserved

(5)(2012·山东高考)After completing and signing it,please return the form to us in the envelope .

A.providing

B.provided

C.having provided

D.provide

(6)(2011·大纲全国高考)The island,to the mainland by a bridge,is easy to go to.

A.joining

B.to join

C.joined

D.having joined

(7)(2011·福建高考)T singhua University,in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.

A.found

B.founding

C.founded

D.to be founded

(8)(2011·湖南高考)The players from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.

A.selecting

B.to select

C.selected

D.having selected

(9)(2010·北京高考)I’m calling to enquire about the position in yesterday’s China Daily.

A.advertised

B.to be advertised

C.advertising

D.having advertised

(10)(2010·湖南高考)So far nobody has claimed the money in the library.

A.discovered

B.to be discovered

C.discovering

D.having discovered

(11)(2010·全国高考Ⅰ)Mrs.White showed her students some old maps from the library.

A.to borrow

B.to be borrowed

C.borrowed

D.borrowing

(12)(2010·四川高考)A great number of students said they were forced to practise the piano.

A.to question

B.to be questioned

C.questioned

D.questioning

(13)(2009·北京高考)For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit on his own farm.

A.grown

B.being grown

C.to be grown

D.to grow

(14)(2009·上海高考) With the government’s aid,those by the earthquake have moved to the new

settlements.

A.affect

B.affecting

C.affected

D.were affected

(15)(2008·福建高考)—Can those at the back of the classroom hear me?

—No problem.

A.seat

B.sit

C.seated

D.sat

(16)(2008·浙江高考)It is one of the funniest things on the Internet so far this year.

A.finding

B.being found

C.to find

D.found

(17)(2008·湖南高考)The trees in the storm have been moved off the road.

A.being blown down

B.blown down

C.blowing down

D.to blow down

(18)(2008·江西高考)We finished the run in less than half the time .

A.allowing

B.to allow

C.allowed

D.allows

(19)(2007·上海高考)The T own Hall in the 1880’s was the most distinguished building at the time.

A.to be completed

B.having been completed

https://www.doczj.com/doc/b83060564.html,pleted

D.being completed

(20)(2007·湖南高考) “Things never come again!”I couldn’t help talking to myself.

A.lost

B.losing

C.to lose

D.have lost

4.those 那些

【常考用法】those可以替代名词复数,表示特指,相当于the ones。

The TVs sold in this shop are cheaper than those(=the ones) in that one.这家商店里卖的电视比那家的便宜。【十年高考链接4】

(1)(2013·天津高考)At our factory there are a few machines similar to described in this magazine.

A.them

B.these

C.those

D.ones

(2)(2013·浙江高考) Half of surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.

A.these

B.some

C.ones

D.those

(3)(2013·辽宁高考)T o her joy,Della earned first the trust of her students and then of her colleagues.

A.that

B.one

C.ones

D.those

(4)(2012·浙江高考)Studying Wendy’s menu,I found that many of the items are similar to of McDonald’s.

A.those

B.ones

C.any

D.all

(5)(2011·浙江高考)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures,each of uses it somewhat differently.

A.which

B.what

C.them

D.those

(6)(2011·北京高考)The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase .

A.them

B.those

C.it

D.that

(7)(2010·浙江高考)The settlement is home to nearly 1 000 people,many of left their village homes for a better life in the city.

A.whom

B.which

C.them

D.those

(8)(2009·江苏高考)Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with of their parents.

A.those

B.one

C.both

D.that

(9)(2007·四川高考)Little joy can equal of a surprising ending when you read stories.

A.that

B.those

C.any

D.some

(10)(2007·辽宁高考)The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than in the newspaper.

A.it

B.those

C.one

D.that

答案

【十年高考链接1】

(1)答案:B 本题考查形容词比较级的用法。less than“少于,亚于”;more than“多于,超过”;no more than“只不过”;not more than“至多,不多于”。句意:“露西,你需要帮忙吗?”“是的,这份工作超过了我力所能及的范围。”more than后接带有情态动词的从句,指“(某事)超出了……的范围”,符合题意。

(2)答案:B 句意:Lizzie在机场给朋友送行,非常伤心。“more than+adj.”意为“非常……”,故B项正确。【十年高考链接2】

(1)答案:A 本题四个选项都为常见连词(词组):even if即使,as if 好像,because 因为,before在……之前。题干的意思是:他如此忙碌,即使想抽出充足的时间陪陪儿子也做不到。even if在此引导让步状语从句,符合题意。

(2)答案:A in case以防万一,引导条件状语从句;even if纵然,即使,引导让步状语从句;ever since自……以来,引导时间状语从句;if only要是……就好了,常用于虚拟语气,表示一种强烈的愿望。题干的意思是:我度假时随身带着驾照,以备我租车之需。由句意可知正确答案为A项。掌握连词的用法以及正确理解句意和前后的逻辑关系是解题关键。

(3)答案:B 本题需要根据题干的意思和前后两句之间的逻辑关系来判断使用哪个关联词。unless除非,表示相反的条件;when表示时间(有时兼有条件);even though即使,表示让步;so that以便,以致,表示目的或结果。句意:当你们有相似的兴趣时,成为朋友就容易得多。此处为时间兼条件,故选B项。

(4)答案:A 本题考查状语从句的引导词。句意:“看看那些乌云!”“别担心。即使下雨,我们也会玩得很高兴。”even if 即使;as though似乎;in case 以防;if only要是……多好。由句意可知A项正确。

(5)答案:C 本题考查状语从句的引导词。句意:他准备好了相机,以防他看到能拍出好的照片的事物。even if “即使”,引导让步状语从句;if only “要是……就好了”,引导虚拟条件句;in case“以防万一”,引导条件状语从句;so that 引导目的或结果状语从句。由句意可知应选C项。

(6)答案:B 句意:Tim 尽管不怎么锻炼,但体形很好。if如果;even though即使,尽管;unless如果不,除非;as long as只要。

(7)答案:C 句意:工程师们如此忙,以至于没有时间进行户外体育活动,即使他们有兴趣。wherever “无论哪儿”;whenever“无论何时”;even if “即使”;as if “好像”。根据句意应选C项。

(8)答案:B 本题考查状语从句引导词的用法辨析。句意:你尽可随意使用这个房间,只要你过后打扫干净。so far as远到,就……而言;so long as只要;in case以防万一;even if即使。

(9)答案:C 本题考查连词的用法。A项意为“即使”;B项意为“一……就……”;C项意为“只要”;D项意为“似乎,好像”。句意:只要我快乐,我的父母不介意我做什么工作。

(10)答案:C 本题考查状语从句引导词的使用。句意:你最好不要把药放在孩子们能够到的地方。where在句中引导地点状语从句。

(11)答案:B 句意:所有的人,不论他们是年老还是年轻、富有还是贫穷,都在尽最大努力帮助那些灾难后需要帮助的人。

(12)答案:C 本题考查连词词组的用法。句意:他们中的许多人不听他的建议,尽管他们知道那很有价值。as if 好像;now that既然;even though尽管;so that以便。

(13)答案:D 本题考查连词词组的含义辨析。A项意为“自从……以来”;B项意为“即使”;C项意为“不久之后”;D 项意为“以防;以免”。句意为“留把钥匙给邻居,以免有一天你把自己锁在门外”。

(14)答案:B 本题考查连词。句意:即使孩子们的观点跟你的不一样,你也要允许他们发表自己的观点。even if 纵然,即使,引导让步状语从句,符合语境。

(15)答案:C 本题考查连词。句意:虽然凯特是独生女,她也从不感到孤独。even though即使,虽然,引导让步状语从句,符合语境。

【十年高考链接3】

(1)答案:D 句意:在一些语言中,100个单词占了日常对话所使用的所有单词的一半。题干中make up是谓语动词,“in daily conversations”作后置定语,修饰words,words 与use之间是被动关系,应该用过去分词used。

(2)答案:D 题干的意思是:你不可以接受别人提供给你的观点,除非它是建立在事实基础之上的。分析句子成分可知,“to you”是分词短语,作后置定语,修饰opinion,又因为opinion和offer之间是被动关系,故用过去分词修饰,由此可知答案为D。解答这类题目需要抓住动词与逻辑主语之间的关系。

(3)答案:A 题干的意思是:刚才被警察询问的证人对打架给出了非常不同的描述。该题考查的是非谓语动词作后置定语的用法。那些证人是“被询问”的,所以要用question的被动形式,故可以排除D项;由句中的just now和gave very different descriptions不难得知“询问”这一动作已经发生,所以要用动词的过去分词作定语;B项表示“正在被询问”;C项表示“将要被询问”,动作还没发生,所以B、C两项均不符合题意。

(4)答案:D 本题考查非谓语动词的用法。reserve和谓语动词sat之间没有连词,故用非谓语动词,且reserve 和其逻辑主语the table构成被动关系,故用过去分词,在句子中作后置定语。

(5)答案:B 本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:在完成表格并签字之后,请用提供的信封把它寄给我们。the envelope与provide之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。

(6)答案:C 本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:这个岛屿由一座桥和大陆相连,很容易到达。the island与join 之间是被动关系,故此处用过去分词。

(7)答案:C 本题考查非谓语动词。句意:清华大学建于1911年,是许多杰出人物的母校。found意指“建立,创立”,主语T singhua University与它构成被动关系,故排除表主动关系的B项founding,并且由时间状语in 1911可知,found动作早已完成,可排除表将来动作的D项to be founded,故用过去分词founded表示被动和完成,C 项正确。此题中过去分词短语founded in 1911作后置定语,相当于非限制性定语从句which was founded in 1911。(8)答案:C 本题考查过去分词作后置定语。句意:(我们)期待从全国选出的运动员在这次夏季运动会中给我们带来荣誉。由句意可知运动员是“被选出来”的,此处只有C项可作后置定语表被动意义,故选C。解答这类题时,一定要弄清非谓语动词和被修饰词之间的逻辑关系。

(9)答案:A 句意:我打电话来咨询一下有关昨天的《中国日报》上刊登广告(招聘)的职位。过去分词短语advertised...作后置定语,被修饰词the position与advertise是被动关系。

(10)答案:A 句意:迄今为止,没有人认领在图书馆里发现的钱。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。因the money 与discover之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。

(11)答案:C 句意:怀特夫人给她的学生们看了一些从图书馆里借来的旧地图。old maps与borrow之间是被动关系,由句中的动词showed可知此动作已经发生,可排除动词不定式短语作后置定语,即排除A、B两项;D项表示主动或进行,也不符合语境;C项表示被动或完成,符合语境。

(12)(答案:C 句意:许多被调查的学生说,他们是被迫练习弹钢琴的。句中空格处作定语,修饰名词students,且二者之间是被动关系,可排除A、D两项;而B项动词不定式表示将来,与句中said的时态不符,故选C项。

(13)答案:A 本题考查非谓语动词作定语。fresh fruit与grow之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。fresh fruit grown on his own farm他自己的农场种植的新鲜水果。B项表示动作正在进行,C、D两项表示动作还未发生,均不符合题意。

(14答案:C 本题考查非谓语动词。句中有have moved作谓语,因此空格处应选择能作定语的选项,若those后有who应选D项,这样构成一个定语从句,但缺少who,因此只能选affect的过去分词形式作定语,因为those (那些人们)与affect(影响)之间是被动关系。

(15)答案:C 本题考查分词短语作定语。sit为不及物动词,可用sitting...作定语;seat为及物动词,常与反身代词连用或用be seated形式。这里those与seat构成被动关系,故用其过去分词作定语。

(16)答案:D 本题考查过去分词作定语。过去分词短语found on the Internet作后置定语,用来修饰things,things 与它构成被动关系。句意:这是今年到目前为止在因特网上发现的最滑稽的事情之一。

(17)答案:B 本题考查非谓语动词。句意:在暴风雨中被刮倒的树已经从道路上移走了。“树木”的后面缺少定语,因为the trees与blow down之间是被动关系,且是已经完成的动作,故用过去分词短语blown down。

(18)答案:C 本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:我们用了不到所允许时间的一半就跑完了。time后缺少定语,time 与allow之间是被动关系,因此用过去分词形式。

(19)答案:C 本题考查非谓语动词的用法辨析。过去分词短语completed in the 1880’s作定语,修饰the T own Hall,二者之间为被动关系;A项表示将来的被动,与句子时态不符;D项表示动作正在发生,不合题意;B项不能作限制性的定语。

(20)答案:A 本题考查非谓语动词。句意:我不禁自言自语:“错过的事情绝不会再回来!”lost为过去分词转化来的形容词,作things的定语,相当于一个定语从句that are lost。

【十年高考链接4】

(1)答案:C 句意为“在我们工厂,有一些机器和在这本杂志上描述的那些机器相似”。those特指前面出现的复数可数名词machines。ones泛指前面提到的复数名词,若选ones,则应在ones前加the。

(2)答案:D 题干的意思是:在16个国家的那些被调查者中,有一半的人说他们会首先把深切的祝福和最大的

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(4)答案:A 本题考查代词的用法。句意:研究温迪的菜单,我发现很多东西和麦当劳的相似。those=the ones,代指前面的many of the items,表示复数、特指,被of McDonald’s修饰,符合语境。ones表示复数、泛指,any 任何一个,all全部,均不符合语境,故排除。

(5)答案:A 本题考查定语从句的引导词。分析句式结构可知,空格处在句中引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作主语,所以要使用关系代词,由于空格前出现了each且指前面的cultures,所以关系代词指物,要用which。句意:英语是一种被多种不同文化分享的语言,每一种文化在使用它时都在某种程度上有所不同。解答此类题要把握三点:一是定语从句是什么类型的定语从句(限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句);二是先行词表示的是人还是物;三是先行词在从句中充当什么成分,作主语、宾语、表语、定语用关系代词,作状语用关系副词。把握好这三点,就能顺利地确定定语从句的关系词。

(6)答案:C 本题考查代词的用法。句意:由于当地政府(为增加就业率)所做的努力,大城市的就业率持续攀高。根据句意可知,本题中的代词应该指代上文提到过的名词the employment rate,根据代词的用法可知选项C正确。A项指代可数名词复数;B项指代可数名词复数;D项表特指。

(7)答案:A 句意:这个定居点是将近1 000人的家园,他们中的许多人为了在城里过上更好的生活离开了农村老家。逗号暗示其后为非限制性定语从句,先行词为people,故many of后需要宾格形式的代词,且指代人,故只有whom符合条件。which指代物;them与those不能引导定语从句,故排除。

(8)答案:D 本题考查代词的用法。做题时可以先在空格处填上名词,然后再找出相应的代词。根据句意空格处应该填the approach,所以应该用that指代。

(9)答案:A 本题考查代词的用法。空格处所填词指代joy,joy为不可数名词,且空格后有修饰语,须用that。that代替不可数名词且表特指。

(10)答案:D 本题考查代词的用法辨析。that代替前面的不可数名词information,it代指同名同物,those与one 均代指可数名词。

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