当前位置:文档之家› 湖北联考考博英语历年试题题型题量综合分析

湖北联考考博英语历年试题题型题量综合分析

湖北联考考博英语历年试题题型题量综合分析
湖北联考考博英语历年试题题型题量综合分析

湖北联考考博英语历年试题型题量综合分析

导言:考博英语真题的重要性

全国各大院校在制定本校英语专业考试大纲时,对英语的考核基本上不指定参考书,考生在备考时往往感到漫无目的,无所适从,所以对各大院校的考博英语历年真题分析则显得尤为重要。华慧考博英语教研中心在历时8年的教学研究的过程中,总结国内50多所重点院校的考博英语试题的出题特点与规律,认为考生精研各院校的历年试题对考出良好的成绩有非常大的帮助。

1、考博英语试题的独特性

众所周知,英语类的考试,如高考、大学英语四六级、专业四八级考试、研究生入学

考试等均由统一的命题组人员统一命制试题,命题组阵容强大,且耗费的人力、物力也不在少数,其题目基本是原创题目。而考博英语却并非这样,因此,考博英语有其自身的独特性,考博英语的独特性主要表现在其命题方式与题目来源两方面。

首先,从命题方式来看,博士考试中,要求考生达到英语的最低分数线,这一要求就注定了各大考博院校的英语试题的命题方式,各大考博院校不会花费大量的人力、物力及时间原创一套考博英语试题。并且各大院校为了保证其试题的准确性,一般会选择已经考过的各类相关难度的试题,这样就可以避免出现大量的因个人学术水平方面而引起的错误和争议。

其次,从题目来源看,各大院校的考博英语试题基本来自专四、专八、六级或其它考博院校的原题,极少出现原创题目。因其题目来源的独特性,我们研究各大院校的考博英语试题就显得非常有必要且益处极大。如果考生在考前了解了这一情况,且充分重视这个规律,那么获得考博英语高分不是什么难事。所以考生考前精研考博英语真题是非常有必要的。

2、考博英语试题的作用

考博英语试题的作用主要有三个,即指导、规划与调控作用。

指导作用。通过研读历年的考博英语试题,考生可以了解该院校的题目类型、题目来源、

题目难度等,指导考生在较短的时间内找到正确的复习方法,获得自己满意的成绩。

规划作用。考生在宏观把握所报考院校的英语试题的出题规律后,结合自身的英语情况,对自己的英语备考做出一个正确且切合实际的复习规划。

调控作用。通过研读历年的考博英语试题,以所报考院校的英语真题为标杆,随时监控与调节自己的复习计划,使自己的复习计划在最短的时间内获得满意的成绩。

由此可知,研究真题对于考生在较短时间内提升成绩是有很大帮助的。因此,华慧考博英语研究中心对湖北联考历年的考博真题进行了细致且深入的研究,将湖北联考考博英语的出题特点、题目类型等进行了详细论述,对下一年度的考博英语命题趋势进行了预测,并提出了针对湖北联考考博英语的备考方法,让考生的复习备考更加具有针对性,让考生少走弯路,快速提高考试成绩。

以下是华慧考博英语研究中心对湖北联考考博英语历年试题详细分析。

一、湖北联考考博英语试题的考核要求

参与湖北联考的院校是指在汉中央部委直属高校(除武汉大学、华中科技大学外)、湖北省属高校。包括华中师范大学、武汉理工大学、华中农业大学、中南财经政法大学、湖北中医药大学、武汉科技大学、湖北大学、中南民族大学、武汉工程大学、武汉体育学院、长江大学、海军工程大学、军事经济学院等湖北高校。

湖北联考博士研究生非英语专业入学考试是学校为招收博士研究生而设置的选拔性考试。教育部颁布的《硕士、博士研究生英语教学大纲》规定:“博士生入学其英语水平原则上应达到或略高于硕士生的水平”。根据这一规定,并结合历年招收博士研究生的具体情况,湖北联考博士生入学英语考试既考查考生的语言知识,又注重测试考生的语言应用能力。

湖北联考的英语考试采用笔试方式,时间为180分钟,满分为100分。试题共分为四个部分:阅读理解、完型填空、翻译、作文。

1、阅读理解

该部分考查考生对书面英语的理解能力,其中包括理解具体信息,掌握文章大意,以及根据语境推断未知信息。该部分共5篇文章,每篇文章4个问题,考生从4个选项中选出最佳答案。每篇文章约600词左右,每题2分,共40分。

2、完型填空

主要考查考生综合运用语言的能力。这一题型的特点在于它的综合性,也就是说,它对

于考生的阅读能力,语法分析能力,词汇熟练掌握程度甚至考生个人的逻辑推理能力都进行了考查,因而具有相当的难度。每篇文章大约300词左右,20个题,每题0.5分,共10分。

3、翻译

A、英译汉。要求考生通过阅读400-600词左右的英语篇章,然后将有下划线的3个句子翻译成汉语。主要测试考生是否能从语篇的角度正确理解英语原句的意思,并能用准确、达意的汉语书面表达出来,共15分。

B、汉译英。要求考生将一段中文文章翻译为英文,该部分主要考查考生将原文思想传送到译文中的能力,着重测试整体性、逻辑性、信息的完整性和准确性。这部分既考查考生的英语功底,同时也考查考生对中文原文的理解能力。

4、写作

写作部分包括两个部分。一个是应用文写作,10分,根据题目要求写出一篇150字的文章。第二部分是短文写作,15分,该部分考查考生的书面表达能力,要求考生根据提示信息、所给题目或所提供的图或表格等,写出一篇说明或议论型短文。文章应主题明确,有逻辑性,语言规范,长度不少于200词。

二、湖北联考考博英语历年试题命题变化分析

首先,我们对湖北联考历年考博英语的题型与题量分布情况,通过表格形式做一下介绍:

表1-1 历年湖北联考英语试题题型、题量统计表

20题

E-C 划线句子翻译

第一,题型变化。湖北联考考博英语试题有一个很明显的分界线,即09年之后取消了词汇题,增加了应用文写作,这一变化说明湖北联考的试题比较注重考查考生的英语语言的运用能力。而完型填空则有04年至09年的无选项转变为有选项的完型填空,分值没有变化;

第二,分值变化。从09年之后,湖北联考考博英语试题的分值有较大程度的调整,阅读理解由之前的30%增加到了40%,完型填空分值保持不变,翻译的分值降到了25%,减少了中译英的分值,作文的分值增加到了25%,这一系列的变化说明湖北联考的试题更注重于考生对于英语语言的运用能力和英语语言的综合理解能力;

第三,试题难度的变化。根据上表可知,湖北联考取消了词汇题,增加了阅读的比重和作文的比重,作文增加了应用文的写作,这一变化说明湖北联考的试题难度较之前有所上升。

综上所述,2015年湖北联考考博英语试题的题型变化的可能性不大,但是题目难度则可能会有所增加。

三、近4年湖北联考各个题型分析及备考方法

因09年是湖北联考英语试题的一个分界线,因此,我们在这里只研究它近4年的题目。华慧考博英语研究中心选取了湖北联考自10年至13年的试题题型为蓝本,研究了其各个题型的出题特点、出题来源等。

湖北联考的四大题型各具特点,下面将通过图表,分别对各个题型的命题情况进行详细分析和说明。

(一)阅读理解

1、题型分析

在湖北联考的试题中,阅读理解所占的比重最大,因此,英语想过线,重点在阅读,想考试拿高分,重点也在阅读,正所谓“得阅读者得天下”。因此,掌握该院校阅读理解的出题规律,做到“知己知彼,方能百战百胜”。

阅读理解考查的是考生的信息辨认能力、信息转述能力、推理能力以及语篇逻辑的理解能力等。因此,考生在备考时,阅读理解的模拟训练题目难度可稍微高于真题题目的难度。而通过研究湖北联考10年至13年试题阅读理解的题目来源与题型分布,我们就能做到心中有数。湖北联考阅读理解的题目来源与题型分布的具体情况见表1-2(罗马数字1,2,3,4,5分别代表阅读文章1,2, 3,4,5)和表1-3。

表1-2 湖北联考阅读理解来源表

M4社会生活√√

题医药健康

从表1-2可以得出以下几点:

第一,从文章篇数看,湖北联考近4年的阅读理解均为5篇文章,阅读理解文章篇数一直很稳定,因此,2015年的阅读理解文章的篇数可能仍然保持在5篇文章;

第二,从题目来源看,10和11年的题目多来源于考研模拟、专四、大学四级等考试,而2012年和2013年的试题则多来源于各大杂志或者报刊上的文章、GRE、IELTS 等上面的文章。因此,2015年湖北联考阅读理解的来源可能会更倾向于各大报刊、杂志上的文章;

第三,从文章类型看,纵观湖北联考近4年的文章类型,我们可以了解到,湖北联考近4年的阅读文章,社会生活类的占8篇,文化教育类的占6篇,政治经济类和医药健康类的各占3篇,由此可知,湖北联考的阅读理解文章的专业性不强,但是比较注重考查考生的综合能力,2015年湖北联考的试题应该还是会比较注重考查学生的综合能力;

第四,从题目难度看,湖北联考的试题从12年开始,是有所上升的。10年和11年的试题难度相对较小,而从12年开始,试题难度则有所上升。

接着,我们再来看下湖北联考阅读理解所考查的题目类型,见表1-3.

表1-3 阅读理解题目类型分布表

通过观察表1-3,我们可以得知,湖北联考阅读理解考查的题目以推理判断题和细节题为主,词义推测题、主旨大意题和观点态度题考查较少,而细节题和推理判断题则需要考生对文章定位准确,对文章的长难句能准确把握其意思。

由以上两个表格可知,2015年湖北联考的考博英语阅读理解出现原创性文章的可能性较小,其文章体裁的变化可能会一直呈现多样化及综合化。

2、备考方法

阅读理解是湖北联考考博英语的考查重点。根据上表,从出题的来源、题材、考察点来分析,历年真题对备考湖北联考具有非常重要的指导意义,有助于考生选择合适的资料、提高复习的效率,节省备考时间。

考生在备考时,可以选择华慧考博研究中心研发的《阅读理解220篇》(上、下册),该书是根据以上命题规律汇编而成,收录的文章来源于四、六级真题、专四与专八的真题、以及各大院校的考博真题等。上册题目较为简单,而且每篇文章后都附有长难句剖析,这对于初学者是非常有帮助的,可以使考生在掌握做阅读理解的基本方法后,还能学会如何分析长难句,对于准确理解文章是非常有帮助的,而下册是模拟试题,且每篇文章后配有相应的长难句解析,这样的编排既能让考生模拟阅读理解的考试,又有助于考生理解文章的长难句,把握文章的大意。此外,华慧考博英语阅读基础班、强化班网络课程,从提升阅读理解能力入手,让考生掌握阅读理解的解题方法和技巧,提升考试成绩。

同时,考生可多浏览报刊杂志上的文章,基础阶段可阅读中国日报,接着,可阅读经济学人、卫报、纽约时报上的文章,了解时事动态,提高自身的阅读能力。

3、解题步骤

理论是基础,但是没有正确的做题方法,理论仅仅是理论,不能为我们提高成绩服务。因此做题方法与步骤也是非常重要的。

阅读理解主要分三步走

1)题干先行:通过阅读题目,确定文章的中心,初步了解文章的大意;

2)原文定位:搜索题干中的时间地点人物概念,然后去原文中对照找出相应的地方;

3)分析对比:选择正确选项,排除干扰选项。

(二)完型填空

1、题型分析

湖北联考考博的完型填空给出一篇空白处较多的短文,通常有300词左右,20个空白,每道题0.5分,共10分,有选项。湖北联考完型填空的难度不大。

湖北联考完型填空的题目基本上是对基本功的测试与逻辑推理能力,出题选项主要是比较常见的词语,需要考生扎实掌握各类的语法难点和重点。具体的题目出处及文章体裁见表1-4。

表1-4 完型填空题目出处及文章体裁

13年 20 10% 经济学人 2014年投胎在哪个国家?

值分布没有变化,从文章的题目的出处及文章体裁的变化,我们可以很清楚地了解,湖北联考完型填空的题目难度有所上升,但文章主题也是我们所熟悉的内容,因此难度值不是很大。这就要求我们考生在备考时,一定要注意积累单词且要掌握正确的做题方法,才能在考试中取得满意的成绩。

2、备考方法

针对湖北联考完型填空难度有所增加的情况,我们考生应如何备考呢?

首先,单词是基础,考生需要至少浏览5遍《考博英语词汇10000词汇》上的核心词汇,熟练掌握其中的基础词汇,并会辨析固定词组搭配的词义。以华慧教育的“分级循环,识而不背”的学习方法为指导,以《考博英语词汇10000词汇》为材料,掌握基本的词汇量,并且每周坚持阅读China Daily和经济学人上的短文。

其次,听华慧网的课程“考博英语完型填空强化提高课程”,并将老师传授的方法应用于自己的实际做题中。掌握做完型填空的基本技巧,提高完型填空的得分率。

3、解题步骤

1) 细读首句,启示全文

完型填空的文章首句一般不会留空,且往往是主题句,因此它应该是了解文章全貌的“窗口”。细读首句可以帮助考生判断文章体裁,推测文章大意,对理解全文起着重要的启示作用。

2) 通读全文,掌握大意

在答题之前,要把短文从头到尾快速阅读一遍,以便从整体上感知全文,掌握大意。注意文中的暗示,努力抓住关键词,体验猜词的思路与方法。

3) 瞻前顾后,先易后难

瞻前顾后即前后观察,对空格前后句子作深入分析,确定空格在句中的意思。选择时,一般从以下几个方面着手:利用上下文线索或逻辑推理做出选择;根据所学的

语法规则、结构知识、习惯用法及修辞等做出选择;寻找信息词,包括上下文出现过的关键词;若碰到一时难以确定的选项,要放一下,先做其他题,后面可能会提供线索,或等全部做完以后,再回头解决;也可采用排除法或凭语感做出选择。

4)复核全文,消除疏漏

填空全部做完之后,再从头至尾把文章读一遍,从文章的整体结构出发检查一遍,从意义和语法两个角度仔细权衡,检查句与句之间、段与段之间是否一致、连贯,以便弥补疏漏。对于个别难度较大的空格,可以凭借自己的语感,坚持第一感觉选择的最佳答案。

(三)翻译

1、题型分析

该题型旨在考查考生用英语进行逻辑思维的能力和对英语表达方法掌握的熟悉程度,

因此其考查内容以语法和英语习惯表达方法为主。对考生语言基础知识(语法、词汇等)有较高要求。

这部分不仅考查考生的笔头翻译能力,也考查考生的理解文章或段落的能力。这一题型也是考生最头疼的部分。要想翻译得高分,除了掌握必要的翻译技巧,了解其院校题目的来源与题目主题是必不可少的。经过研究与总结,湖北联考翻译部分近4年英译汉部分的具体情况如表1-5。

表1-5 英译汉题目出处

年子

从题量上看,湖北联考的英译汉部分的试题一直是三个划线句子,分值为15%,一直保持不变;

从题目来源看,英译汉部分的题目主要出自于杂志文章,且注重当年的热点问题,因此,考生在备考时,一定要浏览经济学人等报刊杂志上面的文章;

就试题的难易程度而言,英译汉部分的试题难度变化不大,难点在于如何划分句子成分,了解句子结构,并转换语言思维,将英语用汉语准确地表达出来。

我们再看下汉译英部分的具体情况,见表1-6:

表1-6 汉译英题目主题与选材

从题量上看,湖北联考的汉译英部分为150-200字左右的段落翻译,分值是10%;

从题目主题与文章选材看,湖北联考汉译英部分主要是与我们的生活息息相关的一些内容;

从试题难度来看,湖北联考汉译英部分为中等难度,内容理解起来难度不大,但是如何将其转换为英语,使用正确的英语句型、语法及短语表达是考生面临的最大的问题。

2、备考方法

考生备考时,一定要先将华慧教育的“考博英语翻译强化提高课程”与“考博英语语法强化提高课程”学完,然后自己要动笔练习,在练习中熟练掌握做翻译的基本方法与基本技巧,练习过程中可以做华慧教育《翻译专项》的练习,《翻译专项》的试题多来源于历年其他院校的考博真题与口译文章,且分析非常详细,非常适合初接触翻译的学员们。学员一定要将课程中提到的方法运用到自己的做题中,将理论与实践结合起来,提高自身的翻译水平。

3、解题步骤

在做翻译练习时。我们一定要谨记翻译的步骤:分三步走

1)阅读全文,全面理解:对文章有一个深入的理解,掌握文章的逻辑结构,了解文章的行文风格,明确文章的双关语、多义词等在文中的具体含义等;

2)英汉对照,精准表达:翻译切忌死译硬译,翻译要做到准确、无误、流畅;

3)检查核对,修饰润色:先对照原文,逐句查对;再脱离原作,重读译文。

(四)写作

1、题型分析

湖北联考的写作包括两个部分,一部分是应用文写作,分值为10%;另一部分是提纲作文,分值为15%。写作分值共为25%。应用文写作除了考查考生的基本语言功底外,还需要对应用文的格式问题特别注意,应用文的格式也是其考查的点。短文写作的目的是测试考生用英语表达思想或传递信息的能力及对英文写作基础知识的实际运用。

我们先来了解下湖北联考考查应用文写作的具体情况。

表1-7 应用文考查的题目类型

从表1-7,我们可以得出一个结论,湖北联考应用文写作主要考查信函写作,尤其是信函写作中的感谢信这一类型。因此,考生在备考过程中,一定要了解应用文写作中信函写作的基本格式及注意点。

表1-8主要分析的是湖北联考的短文写作,湖北联考短文写作主要为提纲作文。

表1-8 短文写作类型分析

析建议型,虽然类型各异,但都要求按照它给出的提纲写作;湖北联考的短文写作的题目内容与当前的社会热点挂钩。

2015年,湖北联考的写作部分变化的可能性不大,可能还是由应用文写作与短文写作两部分构成,分值的变化可能性也不大。

2、备考方法

建议考生要备考中,多练习写作,在学习完华慧网“考博英语写作课程”外,还要背诵华慧教育《写作专项》上的范文,基本一周需要背诵一篇范文,通过背诵范文,掌握写作中常见的句型,总结范文的写作思路等。当然,仅仅背诵范文是不够的,还需要每周练习写2-4篇英文作文。而英文作文的题目可选当今社会的热点问题。

3、解题步骤

1)认真审题;

作文第一步是仔细审题,考生要仔细阅读试题要求及相关信息,如图表,图画,数字等,准确把握出题者意图。考博作文忌信手拈来,提笔就写,根本不审题,想到哪儿就写到哪儿,或完全凭自己想象编故事,置考试要求于不顾,“下笔千言,离题万里”。有的同学没有审题习惯,或担心时间不够草草审题,最后发现文不对题,草草收场,这就影响了英语成绩,同时也会影响后两门考试的考试心情。

2)根据提纲列要点;

考试规定的时间是很有限的,要根据给出的提纲,初步罗列要写的要点。文章打算分几段写,每段大概怎样写,自数控制在多少,开头段落是道破主题,点名要旨,引人入胜还是先给出主题一般的背景情况和对主题进行浓缩的陈述呢,中间段落和结尾有怎样写呢。这些都要心中有数。

3)再次,开始写作。

写作一定要注意以下几点:一是语言要统一连贯;二是用词要准确,语法正确;三是一定要注意达到考试要求的字数,并且保持卷面整洁。

结束语

由以上我们可以看出,对于考生来说,如果了解了湖北联考的考博英语试题特点,考生的复习就会轻松不少,其复习效率就会无形中提高很多。

但根据华慧考博数年的教学经验来看:大部分考生对历年真题的重视程度往往仅限于做过该校的试题,并没有对该校的试题进行深入的分析。所以很难从历年真题中获得更多的收获。即使有些考生想去做一些分析,但是却不知道如何下手,限于英语水平和经验,考生一般很难对各年试题进行深度的剖析。华慧考博英语研究中心在多年的教学过程中体会到考生的这种痛苦,除了对历年的真题进行了详细的解析,编写成《考博英语一本通》,还开设了专门的“考博英语真题破译班”,该课程以各院校历年真题为核心展开,为考生如何轻松获取高分,如何选取复习资料,提升复习效率为核心进行规划与设计。考生听完华慧考博英语真题破译班后对各校的复习备考就能非常轻松地把握清楚方向,从而达到事半功倍的效果。

武汉大学2017博士英语

武汉大学 2017年攻读博士学位研究生外语综合水平考试试题 (满分值100分) 科目名称:英语科目代码:1101 注意:所有的答题内容必须写在答案纸上,凡写在试题或草稿纸上的一律无效。 Part I Reading Comprehension (2’×20 = 40 points) Directions:In this part of the test, there will be 5 passages for you to read. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements, and each question or unfinished statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are to decide on the best choice by blackening the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage One Mr Gordon is right that the second industrial revolution involved never-to-be-repeated changes. But that does not mean that driverless cars count for nothing. Messrs Erixon and Weigel are also right to worry about the West’s dismal recent record in producing new companies. But many old firms are not run by bureaucrats and have reinvented themselves many times over: General Electric must be on at least its ninth life. And the impact of giant new firms born in the past 20 years such as Uber, Google and Facebook should not be underestimated: they have all the Schumpeterian characteristics the authors admire. On the pessimists’ side the strongest argument relies not on closely watching corporate and investor behavior but rather on macro-level statistics on productivity. The figures from recent years are truly dismal. Karim Foda, of the Brookings Institution, calculates that labor productivity in the rich world is growing at its slowest rate since 1950. Total factor productivity (which tries to measure innovation) has grown at just 0.1% in advanced economies since 2004, well below its historical average. Optimists have two retorts. The first is that there must be something wrong with the figures. One possibility is that they fail to count the huge consumer surplus given away free of charge on the internet. But this is unconvincing. The official figures may well be understating the impact of the internet revolution, just as they downplayed the impact of electricity and cars in the past, but they are not understating it enough to explain the recent decline in productivity growth. Another, second line of argument that the productivity revolution has only just begun is more persuasive. Over the past decade many IT companies may have focused on things that were more “fun than fundamental” in Paul Krugman’s phrase.But Silicon Valley’s best companies are certainly focusing on things that change the material world.

西安交通大学考博英语试题及其解析

西安交通大学考博英语试题及其解析 I.In each question,decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET,(15points) EXAMPLE: I was caught_the rain yesterday. A.in B.by C.with D.at ANSWER:(A) l.Those two families have been quarrelling__each other for many years. A.to B.between C.against D.with 2.There are many things whose misuse is dangerous,bur it is hard to think of anything that can be compared___ A.in B.with C.among D.by 3."How often have you seen cases like this?"one surgeon asked another."Oh,__times,I guess,"was the reply. A.hundred of B.hundreds C.hundreds of D.hundred 4.Give me your telephone number__I need your help. A.whether B.unless C.so that D.in case 5.You sang well last night.We hope you'll sing__. A.more better B.still better C.nicely D.best 6.Those people__a general understanding of the present situation. https://www.doczj.com/doc/b13125024.html,ck of B.are lacking of https://www.doczj.com/doc/b13125024.html,ck D.are in lack 7.Alone in a desert house,he was so busy with his research work

(完整版)中科院06-16博士英语十年真题

中国科学院博士研究生入学考试英语试卷构成 试卷一:小计110分钟65分 Ⅰ 词汇15分钟10分Ⅰ 完形填空15分钟15分Ⅰ 阅读80分钟40分 试卷二:小计70分钟35分 Ⅰ 英译汉30分钟15分Ⅰ 写作40分钟20分 2006年3月 PAPER ONE PART I VOCABULARY (15 minutes, 10 points, 0.5 point each) 1. The problem is that most local authorities lack the to deal sensibly in this market. A. anticipation B. perception C. prospect D. expertise 2. Awards provide a(n) for young people to improve their skills. A. incentive B. initiative C. fugitive D. captive 3. The profit motive is inherently with principles of fairness and equity. A. in line B. in trade C. at times D. at odds 4. Oil is derived from the of microscopic sea creatures, and is even older, according to most geologists. A. layouts B. reminders C. remains D. leftovers 5. Successful students sometimes become so with grades that they never enjoy their school years. A. passionate B. involved C. immersed D. obsessed 6. Apparently there were between police reports taken from the same witnesses at different times. A. distortions B. discrepancies C. disorders D. distractions 7. It had been a terrible afternoon for Jane, at about six o’clock in her father’s sudden col unconsciousness. A. converging B. culminating C. finalizing D. releasing 8. The 12-year-old civil war had 1.5 million lives. A. declared B. proclaimed C. claimed D. asserted 9. The tribe has agreed to contribute 2 percent of net to charitable activities in the county. A. expenses B. revenues C. budgets D. payments 10. This will make schools more directly and effectively to parents, and more responsive to their criticisms and wishes. A. accountable B. submitted C. subjected D. available 11. Make up your mind that whatever the short-term temptations may be, you will never from the highest standards of honor. A. deviate B. escape C. derive D. refrain 12. They teach the vocabulary of the English used in computer science, which is also listed in the glossary. A. in sum B. in total C. in general D. in full 13. This brings a feeling of emptiness that can never be filled and leaves us with a for more. A. scarcity B. command C. hunger D. request 14. Job fairs are usually very lively and informal, and you can roam , surveying what is on offer and gathering literature on jobs you might not have considered in the everyday run of things. A. at peace B. at leisure C. at rest D. at speed 15. The closest to English and Welsh grammar schools are called grammar secondary schools; they can, however, accept some fee-paying pupils. A. equality B. equation C. equivalent D. equity 16. At first the university refused to purchase the telescope, but this decision was_____ revised. A. consecutively B. consequently C. successively D. subsequently 17. He us as consistently fair and accurate about the issues we are concerned about. A. confuses B. regards C. strikes D. knocks

江南大学考博英语历年考题汇总附答案

Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions:There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage: When Kathie Gifford ’s face was splashed across the newspapers in 1996 after her lucrative line of Wal mart clothing was exposed as the work of underpaid laborers in New York City ’s Chinatown, the Department of Labor and the White House teamed up to condemn such practices. With much fanfare, President Clinton’s administration launched the “No Sweat” campaign, which pressured retailers and manufacturers to submit to periodic independent inspection of their workplace conditions.; This campaign urged manufacturers to sign the Workplace Code of Conduct, a promise to self regulate that has since been adopted by a handful of retailers and many of the nation ’s largest manufacturers, including Nike and L.L. Bean. However, the Department of Defense, which has a $ 1 billion garment business that would make it the country’s 14th largest retail apparel outlet, has not signed the Code of Conduct. In addition, it has not agreed to demand that its contractors submit to periodic inspections.; Because the Department of Defense has not agreed to adhere to the code, the job of stopping public sector sweatshops falls to the Department of Labor. Federal contractors that persist in violating wage laws or safety and health codes can lose their lucrative taxpayer financed contracts. But Suzanne Seiden, a deputy administrator at the Department of Labor, says that to her knowledge, the department has never applied that rule to government apparel manufacturers. “I just assume that they are adhering to safety and health requirements,” she says. According to records obtained by Mother Jones, through a Freedom of Information Act request, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration has cited Lion 32 times for safety and health violations in the past 12 years. 21.What is this passgage mainly concerned with? A)The functions of the Department of Labor in America. B)A serious problem threatening American economy. C)The successful attempt of regulating sweatshops in America. D)The seriousness of the problem of sweatshops in America. 22.According to the passage, Kathie Gifford ____. A) was one of the underpaid laborers in New York City’s Chinatown B) was one of the well paid laborers in New York City ’s Chinatown C) made much money from cheap laborers in New York City’s Chinatown D) wrote a newspaper article exposing the practice of employing cheap laborers 23.The underlined p hrase “to submit to” is closest in meaning to ____. A) to accept unwillingly B) to refuse coldly C) to welcome warm heartedly D) to blame strongly 24.Which of the following statements about the Department of Defense is true? A) It will become the count ry’s 14th largest retail apparel manufacturer. B) It hasn’t acted according to the Workplace Code of Conduct. C) It has demanded its contractors to sign the Workplace Code of Conduct. D) It has teamed up with the Department of Labor to launch a campaign. 25.What was the purpose of President Clinton’s administration launching the “No Sweat” campaign? A) To urge manufacturers to obey the Workplace Code of Conduct. B) To remind the manufacturers of the Workplace Code of Conduct. C) To urge the Department of Labor to take its responsibility. D) To urge the Department of Defense to inspect manufacturers. Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage: The term investment portfolio conjures up visions of the truly rich-the Rockefellers, the Wal Mart Waltons, Bill Gates. But today, everyone-from the Philadelphia firefighter, his part time receptionist wife and their three children, to the single Los Angeles lawyer starting out on his own-needs a portfolio.; A portfolio is simply a collection of financial assets. It may include real estate, rare stamps and coins, precious metals and even artworks. But those are for people with expertise. What most of us need to know about are stocks, bonds and cash (including such cash equivalents as money market funds).; How do you decide what part of your portfolio should go to each of the big three? Begin by understanding that stocks pay higher returns but are more risky; bonds and cash pay lower returns but are less risky.; Research by Ibbotson Associates, for example, shows that large company stocks, on average, have returned 11.2 percent annually since 1926. Over the same period, by comparison, bonds have returned an annual average of 5.3 percent and cash, 3.8 percent.; But short term risk is another matter. In 1974, a one year $1000 investment in the stock market would have declined to $735.; With bonds, there are two kinds of risk: that the borrower won’t pay you back and that the money you’ll get won’t be worth very much. The U.S. government stands behi nd treasury bonds, so the credit risk is almost nil. But the inflation risk remains. Say you buy a $1000 bond maturing in ten years. If inflation averages about seven percent over that time, then the $1000 you receive at maturity can only buy $500 worth of today’s goods.; With cash, the inflation risk is lower, since over a long period you can keep rolling over your CDs every year (or more often). If inflation rises, interest rates rise to compensate.; As a result, the single most imortant rule in building a portfolio is this: If you don’t need

2006华政博士英语基础试题

华东政法学院 2006年博士研究生入学考试英语试卷 Part One: Grammar & Vocabulary (20%) Directions: Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence and then mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET. 1. The evening was beginning to as we waited. A. extend B. prolong C. drag D. delay 2. Please us with your plans. A. acquaint B. inform C. tell D. notify 3. The book’s significance him. A. failed B. missed C. escaped D. deluded 4. She said she would be late, she arrived on time. A. anyhow B. yet C. however D. accordingly 5. L et’s this room a bit. A. cheer up B. inspire C. stimulate D. liven up 6. amounts of noxious wastes were dumped into the Songhuajiang River. A. Appreciated B. Appreciable C. Appreciative D. Appreciating 7. Their demand for a pay raise has not the slightest______ of being met. A. prospect B. prediction C. prosperity D. permission 8. As your teacher, I’m just curious what difficulties any of you may come when writing in English. A. up with B. up against C. round to D. in on 9. Amid fears of a global flu pandemic, Roche has decided to up production of Tamiflu, the only drug that may be able to treat the illness. A. pull B. play C. turn D. step 10. Scientists, archaeologists and historians are trying to the mystery of Egypt's sunken cities. A. unbind B. untangle C. unwind D. unravel 11. They walked through the warmth of late September to a cafe across the street. A. remaining B. delaying C. loitering D. lingering 1

考博英语(阅读理解)历年真题试卷汇编3.doc

考博英语(阅读理解)历年真题试卷汇编3 (总分:40.00,做题时间:90分钟) 一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数:4,分数:40.00) The United Nations Population Fund has picked October 31 as the day the world will be home to 7 billion people. For better and worse, it's a milestone. And there will be more milestones ahead. Fourteen years from now, there are expected to be 8 billion people on the planet. Most of the growth will occur in the world's poorer countries. Proportionally, Europe's population will decline, while Africa's will increase. At around the same time, India will overtake China as the most populous nation on Earth. The growing global population is just one side of the coin. A recent report from the World Health Organization signaled the seriousness of the human population explosion: more than 3 billion people — about half the world's population — are malnourished. Never before have so many, or such a large proportion, of the world's people been malnourished. And in a growing number of countries there is a seemingly unstoppable march toward sub-replacement fertility, whereby each new generation is less populous than the previous one, and population aging. As a result of declining fertility and increasing longevity, the populations of more and more countries are aging raging rapidly. Between 2005 and 2050, a rise in the population aged 60 years or over will be visible, whereas the number of children(persons under age 15)will decline slightly. Population aging represents, in one sense, a success story for mankind, but it also poses profound challenges to public institutions that must adapt to a changing age structure. The latest national census in China shows the number of elderly people in the country has jumped to more than 13. 3 percent of the population, an increase of nearly 3 percentage points on the percentage from the previous census in 2000. A quarter of the country's population will be over 65 by 2050, according to the National Population and Family Planning Commission. The growing number of elderly is a challenge that the government needs to tackle, we can't rely on the ever-increasing population to support them or maintain the nation's economic growth. Better solutions are needed, such as raising retirement ages to reflect the greater longevity and working capability of today's older adults and making adjustments so pension programs are more accessible. It was heartening to hear the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security spokesperson announced in Beijing on Tuesday that the government will take retirement policy seriously and proactively. Shanghai began testing a flexible retirement system last October. Eligible employees in the private sector are allowed to postpone retirement until the age of 65 for men and 60 for women. Public servants, however, will continue to retire under the present system age 60 for men and 55 for women.(分数:10.00) (1).According to the passage, India will______in 14 years.(分数:2.00) A.be a poorer country B.be the most populous country C.decline in population D.increase investment in Africa (2).What problem will result from the global population explosion?(分数:2.00) A.Population aging. B.Increasing longevity. C.Declining fertility. D.Expanding malnourishment. (3).Population on aging represents the following EXCEPT______.(分数:2.00) A.rapid economic development B.challenge to public in institutions C.success story of mankind

华东师范大学2006年博士研究生入学考试英语试题

华东师范大学2006年招收攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题 考试科目:英语 Paper One 注意:答案请做在答题卡上,做在试题上一律无效 Part I Vocabulary and Structure (20%) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the center. 1. Police believe that many burglars are amateurs who would flee if an alarm sounded or lights A. came out B. came on C. came to D. came down 2. Mr. Jenkins drove along at his usual high speed for police cars in his mirror from time to time to make sure he was safe. A. pulling out B. running through C. going ahead D. watching out 3. Miss Tracy moved to New York in the early 1960s, apparently to escape jealous friends who were becoming increasingly of her success. A. delightful B. graceful C. resentful D. respectful 4. In theory, governments are free to set their own economic policies; in practice, they must conform to a global economic model or risk being by the market. A. replaced B. overlooked C. saturated D. penalized 5. Mrs. Black finds that her piano has always had the magic power of taking her away from the grim realities of daily life and her to fairyland of her own once she started to play. A. transforming B. transporting C. transplanting D. transcending 6. It is hard to think of a field in which it is not important to what is likely to happen and act accordingly. A. look out B. figure out C. turn out D. point out 7. At about the same time, some black Christians walked in protest out of churches where they were forced to worship in sections. A. segregated B. sustained C. connected D. engaged 8. San Francisco climbs and falls over numerous hills, which provides views of the wide bay and the Golden Gate Bridge. A. flashy B. transient C. breathtaking D. ambiguous 9. Martin Luther King, Jr. persuaded his followers to bring the of the American Negroes to the attention of the United Nations, but they did not act very effectively. A. conspiracy B. pledge C. plight D. compulsion 10. Even though strong evidence has proved the nicotine to be , the tobacco company still insists that its products are harmless. A. soluble B. deficient C. addictive D. skeptical 11. Prof. Flynn found no students in the lecture hall when he arrived. Only then did he realize that he came A. too much B. so much C. much too D. much so 12. I wanted to be sure a sudden emergency that we gave the right advice. A. on account of B. in case of C. at the risk of D. in spite of 13. in India, the banana was brought to the Americas by the Portuguese who found it in Africa. A. Originally cultivated B. Having originally cultivated C. Originally being cultivated D.Although it originally cultivated 14. It was the end of my exhausting first day as a waitress, and I really appreciated time to relax. A. to have B. having C. to have had D. of having 15. We’ve just installed central heating, should make a tremendous difference to the house next winter. A. what B. that C. it D. which 16. So fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. A.has light traveled B.light travels C.does light travel D.travels light 17. she was living in Paris that she met her husband Terry.

相关主题
相关文档 最新文档