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动词的被动语态
英语语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。主语是动作的执行者，叫做主动语态；主语是动作的承受者，叫做被动语态。
例如：
We swept the floor.
我们打扫了地板。（主动语态）
The floor was swept.
地板被打扫过。（被动语态）
1.1、被动语态的构成
1）被动语态是由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成的。
be有人称，数和时态的变化，其变化规则与其作为连系动词的be的变化完全一样。
a被动语态的肯定句
Apple trees are planted in the south.
苹果树不种在南方。
b被动语态的否定句
The building hasn't been completed.
这座建筑物没有竣工。
c被动语态的一般疑问句
被动语态的一般疑问句的结构是：Be+主语+过去分词（vt）+（by+宾语）
Are they made in China? Yes, they are.
它们是中国制造的吗？是的，是中国制造的。
Was the museum built in 1993? No, it was built in 1986.
这座博物馆是在1993年建成的吗？不，它是在1986年建成的。
d 被动语态的特殊疑问句
被动语态的特殊疑问句的结构是：疑问词+be+主语+过去分词（vt）。
What is the machine used for? It is used for making paper.
这台机器用来作什么？它是用来造纸的。
Where were the car made? They were made in China.
这些小汽车是哪里制造的？它们是中国制造的。
2）被动语态的几种时态形式（以动词ask为例）：
1．一般现在时
结构：主语＋am / is / are + 过去分词
主动句：She cleans her room every day.
被动句：Her room is cleaned (by her) every day. (肯定句）
否定句：Her room isn’t cleaned (by her) every day.
一般疑问句：Is her room cleaned (by her) every day?
注意：被动句的be助动词的变化应按被动句中新主语的人称和数而变化，其时态应与主动句的时态一致．
2.一般过去时
结构：主语＋was / were +过去分词
主动句：The workers made the VCD last week.
被动句：The VCD was made by the workers last week.(肯定句)
否定句: The VCD wasn’t made by the workers last w eek.
一般疑问句：Was the VCD made by the workers last week?
3. 一般将来时
结构：主语＋will be + 过去分词
主动句：My father will send me to America soon.
肯定句：I will be sent to America by my father soon.
否定句：I won’t be sent to America by my father soon.
一般疑问句：Will you be sent to America by your father soon?
4. 过去将来时
结构：主语＋would be + 过去分词
主动句：He said he would punish the naughty boy tonight.
肯定句：He said the naughty boy would be punished by him tonight.
否定句：He said the naughty boy wouldn’t be punished by him tonight.
5. 现在进行时
结构：主语＋am / is / are + being + 过去分词
主动句：He is telling a story now.
肯定句：A story is being told by him now.
否定句：A story isn’t being told by him now.
一般疑问句：Is a story being told by him now?
6. 过去进行时
结构：主语＋was / were + being + 过去分词
主动句：He was telling a story when I came in.
肯定句：A story was being told by him when I came in.
否定句：A story wasn’t being told by him when I came in.
一般疑问句：Was a story being told by him when I came in?
7. 现在完成时
结构：主语＋have / has +been + 过去分词
主动句: The boy has finished the work.
肯定句: The work has been finished by the boy.
否定句: The work hasn’t been finished by the boy.
一般疑问句: Has the work been finished by the boy?
8. 过去完成时
结构：主语+ had + been + 过去分词
主动句: They had built ten buildings by 2003.
肯定句: Ten buildings had been built by them by 2003.
否定句: Ten buildings hadn’t been built by them by 2003.
一般疑问句: Had ten buildings been built by them by 2003?
1.2、什么时候使用被动语态
1）在没有指明动作的执行者的情况下。
The meeting was held last week.
会议上周召开了。
English is taught in all middle schools.
所有中学都开设英语课。
2）要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时。
Teapots are used for drinking.
茶壶是饮水用的。
Where's cotton produced?
棉花产于何地？
1.3、主动语态变为被动语态的方法
1）将主动句里的宾语成分变为被动句里的主语成分。把主动句里的宾格人称代词改为主格形式。
2）把主动结构的谓语动词改为be+过去分词形式。
3）将主动句的主语变为介词by的宾语。
例如：
People use radios for listening to the news.（主动）
→Radios are use for listening to the news by people.（被动）
I posted a letter last week.（主动）
→A letter was posted by me last week.（被动）
注意：在make, let, see, hear, notice, watch, feel等动词后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to，但这种句子如果变为被动语态时，则应加上to。
例如：We heard her sing an English song.（主动）
→She was heard to sing an English song by us.（被动）
1.4、主动语态变为被动语态的主要类型
1）谓语动词只有一个宾语的。
例如：
The workers are building a ship.（主动语态）
→The ship is being built by the workers.（被动语态）
I have finished the exercises.（主动语态）
→The exercises have been finished by me.（被动语态）
2）谓语动词有两个宾语的，其中一个变为被动句的主语，另一个仍作为宾语，称为保留宾语。
例如：
I sent him a present. （主动语态）
→He was sent a present by me.（被动语态）
A present was sent to him by me.（被动语态）
注意：a）在主动句中有些动词，如ask, answer, teach等变成被动句时，一般将间接宾语（指人的）改成被动句的主语。
例如：
He asked us a lot of questions.（主动语态）
→We were asked a lot of questions by him.
b)在主动句中有些动词，如build, buy, choose等变成被动句时，将直接宾语（指物的）改成被动句的主语。
例如：
My father bought me a new bike.（主动语态）
→The new bike was bou ght for me by my father.（被动语态）
3）谓语动词后跟复合宾语，只把宾语改为被动句的主语，宾语补足语不变。
例如：
He left the door open.（主动语态）
他让门开着。
→The door was left open by him.（被动语态）
门由他打开着。
4）许多由不及物动词加介词构成的短语动词，相当于一个及物动词，可以有宾语，因而也可以有被动语态。但应注意：短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。
例如：
We must take good care of our books.（主动语态）
→Our books must be taken good care of.（被动语态）
我们应该保管好我们的书本。
我们的书本应保管好。（被动）
5）谓语动词含有情态动词时，只变及物动词为被动语态，构成为：情态动词+be+过去分词（vt.）例如：
We must finish it at once. （主动语态）
我们必须马上做完这件事。
→It must be finished at once（被动语态）
这件事必须马上做完。
6）带有be going to结构的被动语态，被动结构表现在不定式上。结构为：sth be going to be done。
例如：
I am going to close the door.（主动语态）
我将去关门。
→The door is going to be closed.（被动语态）
门将要关上。
1.5、被动语态中应注意的几个问题
1）在被动语态句子中要注意主语与谓语在人称和数方面要保持一致。
2）主动语态不能变为被动语态的情况：
a．have（有）以及和have构成的短语动词不能用于被动语态
b．不及物动词没有动作的承受者，不能用被动语态。
c．主动句的宾语是each other或反身代词时，不能变成被动句的主语。
d．主动句的宾语是不定式或动词的-ing形式时，不能变成被动句的主语。
3）注意有时用主动语态表示被动意义的情况。
例如：
This kind of cloth washes very well.
这种布很禁洗。
The machine made in China sell well abroad.
中国制造的机器在国外畅销
被动语态专项练习
1. Good books ____ again and again.
A. should be readed
B. should be read
C. must read
D. ought to read
2. The children ____ by the nurse.
A. were looked
B. looked after
C. were looked after
D. looked
3. He ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them.
A. gave, didn't listen
B. was given, wasn't listened
C. give, wasn't listened
D. was given, didn't listen
4. When____ the accident _____ ?
A. was, happen
B. did, happen
C. is, happen
D. was, happened
5. The question ____ by us soon.
A. is going to discuss
B. will discuss
C. is going to be discussed
D. has been discussed
6. The lab ____ about five years ago.
A. was builded
B. was built
C. builds
D. has been built
7. A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years.
A. have set up
B. have been set up
C. were set up
D. set up
8. They ____ printing 500 copies by the end of last month.
A. had finished
B. have finished
C. had been finished
D. have been finished
9. Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown.
A. is…grown
B. is…grew
C. was…grew
D. was…grown
10. He ____ by the teachers.
A. is always praised
B. praises
C. have been praised
D. always is praised
11. Great changes ____ place. Many new schools____ .
A. have taken, have been opened
B. take, are open
C. are taken, open
D. have been taken, are opened
12. The picture______ in October, 1996.
A. was taking
B. had been taken
C. was taken
D. had taken
13. We can't use the bridge now, because it______ .
A. has been repaired
B. is repairing
C. is repaired
D. is being repaired
14. I ______the way to the railway station by a policeman.
A. was shown
B. showed
C. have shown
D. was showing
15. The war______ in 1941.
A. broke out
B. had been broken out
C. was broken out
D. had broken out
16. When water______ , it will be changed into vapour.
A. is heated
B. heating
C. has heated
D. heats
17. We can't enter the room because its door______ .
A. locked
B. locks
C. is locked
D. is locking
18. They ______day and night.
A. are made work
B. are made to work
C. made to be worked
D. are making to work
19. Chang'an Road is ______of people.
A. filled
B. fill
C. full
D. fulled
20. Man-made satellites ______into space by many countries.
A. was sent up
B. is sent up
C. have been sent up
D. has been sent up
21. This English song _____ often _____ by the children.
A. is, singing
B. is, sung
C. will, sing
D. was, sung
22.The windows of our house _____once a week.
A. must clean
B. have cleaned
C. is cleaned
D. are cleaned
23. When ______ the People's Republic of China_____ ?
A. was, found
B. was, founded
C. did, found
D. does, found
24. Mary's radio ______ by my brother just now.
A. will be mended
B. has mended
C. was mended
D. mended
25. Your exercise books _____ after class.
A. will hand in
B. must hand in
C. handed in
D. must be handed in
26. Some trees may ______ at other times of the year.
A. be planted
B. plant
C. are planted
D. will be planted
27. The sun _____ at night as usual.
A. can be seen
B. can't see
C. can't be seen
D. doesn't see
28. A new English play _____ there next week.
A. will put on
B. will be put on
C. is going to put on
D. will be putted on
29. A strange thing _____ in our school yesterday.
A. was happened
B. has been happened
C. happened
D. was going to happen
30. The glass ______ . It _____ by little Tom this morning.
A. broke, is broken
B. is broken, was broken
C. was broken, broke
D. has been broken, broken
参考答案
1. B
2. C
3. D
4. B
5. C
6. B
7. B
8. A
9. A 10. A
11. A 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. A
16. A 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. C
21.B 22. D 23.B 24. C 25.D
26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. B
一.相关知识点精讲
1. let 的用法
1）当let后只有一个单音节动词，变被动语态时，可用不带to 的不定式。例如：
They let the strange go.他们放陌生人走了。
---> The strange was let go.
2）当let 后宾补较长时，let 通常不用被动语态，而用allow或permit 代替。例如：
The nurse let me go to see my classmate in the hospital. 那护士让我去探望住院的同学。
----> I was allowed / permitted to see my classmate in the hospital.
3. 表示"据说"或"相信" 的词组，基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等组成。例如：
It is said that…据说
It is reported that… 据报道
It is believed that…大家相信
It is hoped that…大家希望
It is well known that… 众所周知
It is thought that…大家认为
It is suggested that…据建议
It is taken granted that…被视为当然
It has been decided th at… 大家决定
It must be remember that… 务必记住的是
4. 不用被动语态的情况
1）不及物动词或不及物动词短语，如appear, die disappear, end（vi. 结束）, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place等没有无被动语态。
2）不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语，如fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to等。例如：
This key just fits the lock. 这把钥匙只配这把锁。
Your story agrees with what had already been heard. 你说的与我们听说的一致。
3）系动词无被动语态，如appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn等。例如：It sounds good. 听上去不错。
4）带同源宾语的及物动词如die/death, dream/dream，live/life等，以及反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态。例如：
She dreamed a bad dream last night. 她昨晚做了个恶梦。
5）当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。例如：
（对）She likes to swim.
（错）To swim is liked by her.
5. 主动形式表示被动意义
1）wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell等。例如：
The book sells well.这本书销路好。
This knife cuts easily.这刀子很好用。
2）blame, let（出租）, remain, keep, rent, build等。例如：
I was to blame for the accident. 事故发生了，我该受指责。
Much work remains. 还有许多活要干。
3）在need, require, want, worth （形容词）, deserve后的动名词必须用主动形式。例如：
The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired. 门该修了。
This book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。
4）特殊结构：make sb. heard / understood （使别人能听见/理解自己）等。例如：
Explain it clearly and make yourself understood. 解释清楚些，让别人理解你的话。
6. 被动形式表示主动意义，如be determined, be pleased, be graduated （from）, be
prepared （for）, be occupied （in）, get married等。例如：
He is graduated from a famous university. 他毕业于一所有名的大学。
注意：表示同某人结婚，用marry sb. 或get married to sb.均可。例如：
He married a rich girl. 他与一个富妞结婚了。
He got married to a rich girl.
7.need/want/require/worth
当need, want, require, be worth后面接doing时，表示的是被动意义。例如：Your hair wants cutting.你的头发该理了。
The floor requires washing. 地板需要冲洗。
（英语）英语动词被动语态练习题及答案 一、动词被动语态 1． ________of the relaxing time for Chinese people every day ________in watching TV. A. Two thirds; are spent B. Two thirds; is spent C. Two third; are spent D. Two third; is spent 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意为：中国人每天有2/3的休闲时间花在看电视上。英语中分数的表达为：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，序数词应加s。由于本句主语是“time（时间）”，是动作的承受者，应用被动语态，故选B。 【点评】考查序数词及被动语态。 2．The students of Class One_________ how to do the experiment in class yesterday． A. taught B. was taught C. were taught 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意是：在昨天的课堂上学生们被教了怎样做实验。根据句意可知用被动语态，主语students 是名词复数形式，be 动词用 were，故选C。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态的用法。 3．—Why did you leave that position? —I ______a better position in another factory. A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——你为什么离开那个职位？——另一家工厂给我提供了更好的工作。根据助动词did，可知是一般过去时描述过去，offer和主语I是被动关系，故是一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。 【点评】考查时态和语态，注意一般过去时的被动语态的用法。 4．In Chinese culture, children born in the Year of the Monkey ______ to be smart. A. say B. said C. will be said D. are said 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：在中国文化中，据说猴年出生的孩子很聪明。分析句子结构，主语children与say是被动关系，叙述客观事实，可知用一般现在时的被动语态，由be （am，is are）+过去分词构成，根据主语children，可知系动词用are，因此用are said，故选D。 【点评】此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据主语和谓语之间的主动和被动关系确定句子的语态。 5．Hangzhou ________ as the City of Silk. Tourists like shopping for silk there.
【英语】英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．Louis Cha (金庸) passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, “He ______ the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.” A．could have been rewarded B．must have been rewarded C．should be rewarded D．need have been rewarded 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词+have done用法。句意：金庸去世了，至于他的成就，有这样的评论：他本能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻译成了英语的著作。A. could have been rewarded本可以被授予；B. must have been rewarded一定被授予；C. should be rewarded应该被授予；D. need have been rewarded本必要被授予。根据语境，A选项正确。 【点睛】 could have done可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实际未做，有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意，通常译为“本来可以”“本来能”，也可以表示对过去动作的推测，常可译为“可能（已经)”。本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖，但却没有获得的惋惜。故A选项正确。 2．—Are we about to having dinner? —Yes, it ________ in the dining room. A．serve B．is serving C．is being served D．has been serving 【答案】C 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——我们准备去吃饭吗？——是的，饭菜正在餐厅被供应。it是指饭菜，和动作serve之间是被动关系，且动作正在进行，四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态，故选C。 3．The affairs of each country should be by its own people. A．elected B．settled C．developed D．contained 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词。句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知，选settle，意为“解决”。elect选举；develop 发展；contain 包含，控制。故选B。 4．—Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow? —Pity he ______ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher. A．was sent B．has been sent C．had been sent D．would be sent
【精品】英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．The house, which _____ last night, ____ my aunt but she doesn’t live there any more. A．was broken into; is belonged to B．broke into; is belonged to C．broke into; belonging to D．was broken into; belongs to 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查被动语态和主动语态。句意：这所房子昨晚被拆了，它属于我的姑妈，但她已经不在那里住了。第一空，根据last night 及句意可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，break into“破门而入”，答案为was broken into；第二空，belong to“属于”，无进行和被动语态，结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态，答案为belongs to。故选D。 2．(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly. A．will be published B．have been published C．had been published D．are published 【答案】A 【解析】 考查时态。shortly不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。 答案：A 3．At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what ______ in science and technology. A．has discovered B．has been discovered C．had discovered D．had been discovered 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在东京举行的颁奖仪式上，科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。科学家们感到惊讶是过去式，故科学技术发现用过去完成时，what于动词discover是被动关系，故选D。 4．The si nger’s music video nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago. A．viewed B．has viewed C．was viewed D．has been viewed 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：考查动词时态与语态辨析。A. viewed，一般过去式；B. was viewed过去式的被
常见不用被动态形式的短语动词 1. agree with 相符, 适合 Our action must agree with our words. 我们必须言行一致. Rich food doesn’t agree with me. 他不易吃油腻的食物. 2. belong to 属于 The future belongs to the younger generation. 未来属于年轻人. As a writer, he really belongs to the 18th century. 3. break out 爆发,突然开始 The Iraqi War broke out in March 2003. 伊拉克战争爆发于2003年2月. A quarrel broke out between them. 4. come about 发生, 产生, 实现 It came about in this way. 他是这样发生的. How much has come about from the consultation? 5. come across 偶然遇到, 留下印象 I came across him first in Beijing. 我是在北京第一次遇见他的. 6. come into being 形成, 产生 About 200 companies come into being every year. 每年大约有200家公司成立. New ways of thinking have come into being. 新的思想方法形成了. 7. come out 出版, 出来 The book will come out in September. 该书将于9月份出版. My tooth has just come out. 我的牙齿刚长出来. 8. come true 实现 His dream has come true. 他的愿望实现了. 9. come up 被提出, 发芽 The question came up at the meeting. 会议上提到了那个问题. The seeds haven’t come up yet. 种子还没有发芽. 10. consist of 由…组成 Man consists of soul and body. 人由灵魂和肉体组成. 11. date from 始于 The idea of floating continents dates from 1910. 大陆漂游学说始于1910年. This custom dates from the 16th century. 该风俗始于16世纪. 12. do with 忍受 We can’t do with such carelessness.我们不能忍受这种粗枝大叶的作风. 13. give out 用完, 耗尽 He plans to stay there until his money gives out. 他计划在那里呆到钱花完为止. 14. go against 不利, 相反 The situation is going against them. 情势越来越对他们不利. Events went against them.情况发展与他们的意愿相反. 15. go down 被接受, 被记录在案 The idea went down badly. 这个想法不受欢迎. That remark will go down in history. 那番评论将载入史册. 16. go down 发生, 消失 That sort of thing goes on all the time. 那类事一直都在发生.
【英语】英语动词被动语态练习题含答案及解析 一、动词被动语态 1．The telephone ________ in 1876. A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:电话是在1876年被发明的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。一般过去式的被动语态构成was/were done该句的主语和谓语之间是动宾关系，动作发生在过去，所以用被动语态的一般过去时态，故选D。 2．----Don't smoke here, Dad. Smoking _____ in public places. ----Oh, sorry. I'll stop right now. A. isn't allowed B. aren't allowed C. doesn't allow 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:----不要在这儿吸烟，爸爸。在公共场所不允许吸烟。----哦，对不起，我马上停止。“不允许吸烟”，吸烟smoking在句中作主语，用被动语态。动名词短语smoking作主语，谓语用三人称单数.故选A 3．Some people think trees____ on Tree Planting Day only. A. should plant B. should be planted C. should be plant D. should be planting 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：一些人们认为种树应该只在植树节。其中trees和plant是被动关系，且句中有情态动词should，则此处应用含情态动词的被动语态should be done，故选B。 【点评】此题考查被动语态。注意含有情态动词的被动语态的结构。 4．Smart phones ______ by Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world. A. made B. making C. to make 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：由华为制造的智能手机在全世界正在变得越来越受欢迎。根据句意可知 ______ by Huawei做前面phones的定语，并且表示被动，所以用动词过去分词做名词定语，即made，故选A。 【点评】考查动词过去分词做名词定语，注意平时识记，理解句意。
英语被动语态总结与练习 一、被动语态的构成形式 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2) has /have been done 现在完成时 All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时 A new cinema is being built here． 4) was/were done 一般过去时I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5) had been done 过去完成时By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 6) was/were being done 过去进行时 A meeting was being held when I was there. 7) shall/will be done 一般将来时Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8) should/would be done 过去将来时The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）The project will have been completed before July. 10) should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用） He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1) 带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。 His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
初中英语语法专项练习——被动语态和短语动词 1. Many cities became ________in the following months. A. liberation B. liberating C. liberate D. liberated 2. The book ________. We all like it very much. A. was well written B. well written write C. is well written D. well wrote 3. He ________to going to bed early. A. has got used B. has used C. has been using D. has using 4. A quarrel ________between Xiao Hong and Xiao Fang last night. A was broken out B. broken out C. broke out. D. is broken out 5. This kind of cloth ________very well. A. washes B. is washed C. washed D. is being washed 6. It ________that the meat cooks well. A. seems B. is seemed C. was seemed D. seemed 7. She is a very nice person ________. A. to be worked with B. to be working with C. to work with D. working with 8. The boy ________stealing a pocket-radio from the shop. A. caught B. was caught C. caught in D. was catching in 9. Brooke is so lazy that he ________very soon.
（英语）英语动词被动语态试题经典及解析 一、动词被动语态 1．John can't go to the party on Thursday because he to go out on school nights. A. allowed B. is allowed C. isn't allowed 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】be+动词的过去分词构成被动语态，其否定形式为be+not+动词过去分词，句意：John不能参加周四的聚会，因为他在工作日的晚上不被允许外出。故选C。【点评】考查被动语态的用法。 2．—It's reported that 31 of the brave young men ________ in a big forest fire in Sichuan. —I don't know who they are, but I know who they are for. A. were killing B. were killed C. killed D. had killed 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——据报道，31名勇敢的年轻人在四川的一场森林大火中丧生。——我不知道他们是谁，但我知道他们是为了谁。根据 It's reported 据报道，可知动作为过去发生；再根据主语men和动词kill之间的动宾关系可知，本句应用一般过去时的被动语态were+过去分词，kill的过去分词为killed。故选A。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意掌握一般过去时的被动语态were/was+过去分词，表“过去被……”。 3．This book ________________ by children. A. loves B. loved C. is loved 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：这本书深受孩子们的喜爱。主语this book和动词love是被动关系，可知此句是一般现在时的被动语态，其构成为am/ is/ are done，主语是the book，用is，故选C。 【点评】此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。注意一般现在时被动语态的结构。 4．Look at the picture. The top five TV plays ________ in it. A. list B. are listed C. will list D. will be listed 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：看这张图片，最好的五个电视剧在上面列出了。The top five TV plays应该是被列出来的，用被动语态被+过去分词；由“Look at the picture”得知是一般现在时，因此为一般现在时的被动语态，故答案选B。 【点评】考查动词的时态和语态。注意主语与谓语动词之间的关系。 5．Last year, five Chinese teachers to a school in the UK to teach the British students in Chinese style for four weeks.
【英语】高三英语被动语态试题经典及解析 一、单项选择被动语态 1．Various efforts ________ in the past decades to protect the environment. A．had made B．have made C．were made D．have been made 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的几十年里，为保护环境做出了各种努力。根据in the past decades可知句子用现在完成时态，efforts是句子主语，复数形式，和谓语动词make之间是被动关系，所以此处用现在完成时态的被动语态，故答案为D。 2．—Are we about to having dinner? —Yes, it ________ in the dining room. A．serve B．is serving C．is being served D．has been serving 【答案】C 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——我们准备去吃饭吗？——是的，饭菜正在餐厅被供应。it是指饭菜，和动作serve之间是被动关系，且动作正在进行，四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态，故选C。 3．Many subway stations, including the one near our school, ________ at present for a better transport in the city. A．are constructing B．are being constructed C．is constructing D．is being constructed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：许多地铁站，包括我们学校附近的地铁站，目前正在建设中，以便有更便利的交通。此处表示动作正在进行，句中主语Many subway stations和动词construct是被动关系，所以此处用现在进行时的被动，与主语一致，故选B. 【点睛】 现在进行时的被动结构：be + being+过去分词 A number of Dongfeng trucks are being shipped abroad.一批东风卡车正被运往国外。 1）“be being done” 中的动词be应随主语作相应的变化。 2）将现在进行时的主动语态变为现在进行时的被动语态的关键是：把be doing变为be being done. 例1. The students are cleaning the classroom now. →The classroom is being cleaned now. 现在学生们正在打扫教室。 (are cleaning变为is being cleaned) 例2. The boy is counting some sheep. →Some sheep are being counte d. 那男孩正在数羊。 (is counting 变为 are being counted)
【英语】动词被动语态知识点总结 一、动词被动语态 1．— I wonder if we ________ four days off by the end of this month. — I hope so. But if our task ________ finished, we'll have to work overtime. A. will have；won't B. have；won't C. will have；isn't D. have；doesn't 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：—我想知道我们在这个月底是否将会有四天的假期。—我希望如此，但是如果我们的任务没有完成，我们就将会加班。will have将会有；have有，一般现在时；won't是will not的缩写形式，表示将来；isn't是is not的缩写，是一般现在时；doesn't是does not的缩写，是一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。第一个空前if的意思是是否，引导宾语从句，从句中表示将来的事情，故用一般将来时态；第二个空前的if是如果，引导条件状语从句，从句中用一般现在时态代替一般将来时态，主句用一般将来时态，从句中的主语our task和动词finish构成被动语态，故应用be+过去分词形式，选C。【点评】本题是对时态，语态的综合考查。难点在于两个if ，第一个是引导宾语从句，表示将来的动作用将来时态。但第二个是引导状语从句，用一般现在代替一般将来。注意对这些知识点的熟练掌握。 2．----Don't smoke here, Dad. Smoking _____ in public places. ----Oh, sorry. I'll stop right now. A. isn't allowed B. aren't allowed C. doesn't allow 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:----不要在这儿吸烟，爸爸。在公共场所不允许吸烟。----哦，对不起，我马上停止。“不允许吸烟”，吸烟smoking在句中作主语，用被动语态。动名词短语smoking作主语，谓语用三人称单数.故选A 3．In Chinese culture, children born in the Year of the Monkey ______ to be smart. A. say B. said C. will be said D. are said 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：在中国文化中，据说猴年出生的孩子很聪明。分析句子结构，主语children与say是被动关系，叙述客观事实，可知用一般现在时的被动语态，由be （am，is are）+过去分词构成，根据主语children，可知系动词用are，因此用are said，故选D。 【点评】此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据主语和谓语之间的主动和被动关系确定句子的语态。 4． -- Lily, will you go to Jenny's birthday party this Saturday?
动词的被动语态 考点一：被动语态的构成及用法 词的被动语态 英语语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。主语是动作的执行者，叫做主动语态；主语是动作的承受者，叫做被动语态。 例如： We swept the floor. 我们打扫了地板。（主动语态） The floor was swept. 地板被打扫过。（被动语态） 1.被动语态的构成 (1) 被动语态是由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成的。 be有人称，数和时态的变化，其变化规则与其作为连系动词的be的变化完全一样。 a被动语态的肯定句 Apple trees are planted in the south. 苹果树种在南方。 b被动语态的否定句 The building hasn't been completed. 这座建筑物没有竣工。 c被动语态的一般疑问句 被动语态的一般疑问句的结构是：Be+主语+过去分词（vt）+（by+宾语）Are they made in China? Yes, they are. Was the museum built in 1993? No, it was built in 1986. d 被动语态的特殊疑问句 被动语态的特殊疑问句的结构是：疑问词+be+主语+过去分词（vt）。 What is the machine used for? It is used for making paper. Where were the car made? They were made in China. (2) 被动语态的几种时态形式： a．一般现在时 结构：主语＋ am / is / are + 过去分词 主动句：She cleans her room every day. 被动句：Her room is cleaned (by her) every day. (肯定句） 否定句：Her room isn’t cleaned (by her) every day. 一般疑问句：Is her room cleaned (by her) every day?
英语动词被动语态练习全集 一、动词被动语态 1．Paper first about two thousand years ago in China by Cai Lun. A. is; inventing B. is; invented C. has; invented D. was; invented 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：造纸术是在两千年前被中国的蔡伦发明的。纸和发明是被动关系，应使用被动语态，根据 two thousand years ago ，可知应使用一般过去时，故答案是D。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意根据主语与动词之间的关系确定语态，根据时间状语确定时态。 2．He has ordered a watch on line for his father and it _______ to him before Father's Day. A. send B. will be sent C. was sent D. sent 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：他在网上为父亲订了一块表。将在父亲节前寄给他。It指代的是“表”，作主语，与谓语动词send是逻辑上的动宾关系，it是其承受者，用被动语态；从时态上看，表将在父亲节前寄给他，用一般将来时态，故选B。 3．Over $30,000 ______ for a children's hospital by a British girl several months ago. A. is raised B. was raised C. will be raised D. has been raised 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意:几个月以前，一个英国女孩为一所儿童医院筹集了三万多美元。ago 多久以前，过去的时间，根据several months ago可知用一般过去时态;主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态。所以选择一般过去时态的被动结构，故选B。 4．Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic _________each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea. A. is created B. was created C. creates 【答案】 A
被动语态总结以及易错点 一、单项选择被动语态 1．More than one worker ______ dismissed. A．have been B．are C．has been D．has 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查主谓一致和语态。句意：不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由"many a,more than one ＋单数名词"构成，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式，故排除A和B，“工人”和“解雇”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选C。 2．(桂林部分学校高三质量检测)The wet weather will continue tomorrow，when a cold front________to arrive. A．will be expected B．is expecting C．expects D．is expected 【答案】D 【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：预计将有一股冷锋到来，因此潮湿的天气明天将会继续。a cold front与expect之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，expect是发生在现在的动作，要用一般现在时，故选D项。 答案：D 3．Her own story ________ and this book is expected to come out next week. A．had been written B．has been written C．had written D．has written 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：她自己的故事已经被写出来了，这部书有望下周出版。由句意可知，应该用现在完成时的被动语态。故选Ｂ。 4．The new library ________; it will be open next year. A．had been built B．was built C．was being built D．is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。
模块八动词的被动语态 (1)被动语态定义：被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。 如果主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事),便叫主动语态； 如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被动语态。 主动与被动的区别不是词序的区别,而是主语与谓语意义上的区别。 在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。 (2)英语中被动语态由“助动词be +动词的过去分词”构成。助动 词be有时态、人称和数的变化。被动语态后的by短语有时可 (1) 被动语态的用法： ①不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态,省 略by短语。 如：A man was killed in the accident.(一个人死于事故) This window was broken yesterday.(这扇窗子是昨天被打破的) ②不说或者众所周知是谁做时,用被动语态,省略by短语。 如：Rice is also grown in this place.(这个地方也种水稻) A railroad will be built here in three years.(三年之后这里
将要修建一条铁路) ③强调动作的承受者,句尾加by短语。 如：It was written by Lu Xun.(它(书)是鲁迅写的) A pet dog is never killed by its owner.(宠物狗是不会被主 人宰杀的) (2) 主动语态如何改写为被动语态： + 受者) + (动作的承受者) (be +过去分词) (动作的执行者) (3) 注意点： ①“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时,可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。如： His teacher gave him a dictionary. →He was given a dictionary by his teacher.(老师给他一本字典 →他得到老师一本字典) 也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语,但是需用to或者for引出 原句的间接宾语。 如：His teacher gave him a dictionary. →A dictionary was given to．． him by his teacher.(老师给他一本 字典→一本字典由老师送给了他) /His father made him a kite. →A kite was made for ．．．him by his father.(他的父亲给他做了一个风筝→一个风筝由他的父亲做给了他) ②“动词+宾语+动词原形”改为被动时,动词原形前要加to. 如：The boss made the poor man work 12 hours a day. →The poor man was made to．． work 12 hours a day.(老板让这个可怜的人一天工作12小时→这个可怜人被迫一天工作12小时)
英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．More than one worker ______ dismissed. A．have been B．are C．has been D．has 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查主谓一致和语态。句意：不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由"many a,more than one ＋单数名词"构成，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式，故排除A和B，“工人”和“解雇”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选C。 2．________sco res of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation. A．Having explained B．Having been explained C．Though it was explained D．It was explained 【答案】D 【解析】 因为有连词but，前面应是完整的句子，排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用，所以选D。 3．—Have you heard about that school bus accident? —Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________. A．were saved B．was saved C．have saved D．has been saved 【答案】A 【解析】 考查动词时态和语态。句意为：——你有没有听说那起校车事故？——嗯，幸运的是，车上所有的人包括司机都获救了。由题干中的Have you heard...可知，事故发生在过去，且all 为主语，和save逻辑上构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案A符合语境。 4．The new library ________; it will be open next year. A．had been built B．was built C．was being built D．is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。
动词被动语态知识点总结1 一、动词被动语态 1．—Lucy, what have you learnt from this history class? —Paper __________fast __________about 2,000 years ago in China. A. is; invented B. was; invented C. is; inventing D. was; inventing 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——Lucy，从这节历史课你已经学到了什么？——在中国大约2000年前纸被迅速发明。根据about 2,000 years ago，可知时态是一般过去时，排除A、C。主语paper 是动作invent 的承受者，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were+动词过去分词，invent的过去分词是invented，故选B。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态，注意平时识记，理解句意。 2． Chinese ______by more and more people around the world. A. spoken B. is spoken C. spoke D. speak 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：全世界越来越多的人讲汉语。全世界的人讲汉语，表示通常的状况，用一般现在时态；主语Chinese是谓语动词speak的承受者，用被动语态。故选B。 3．— I enjoy walking on the clean streets in the morning. — You know they by the hard-working cleaners every day. A. clean B. are cleaned C. are cleaning D. will clean 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——我喜欢早上在干净的街道上散步。——你知道他们每天都被辛勤工作的清洁工打扫。A一般现在时主动语态，B一般现在时被动语态，C现在进行时，D一般将来时，根据by the hard-working cleaners every day，可知是一般现在时被动语态，故选B。 【点评】考查时态和语态，注意一般现在时被动语态的用法。 4．You throw it away. It can . A. needn't; recycle B. needn't; be recycled C. don't need; be recycled 【答案】 B