构词法对比练习题
1.(1)The flower is very beautiful. And it smells __________.
(2)We can guess from her face that the ___ news was really a pleasure to her.
(3)The __________ boss awarded Steven a prize for his excellent work.
A. pleasant
B. pleased
C. please
D. pleasing
2.(1)What’s the language _________ in Germany?
(2)Do you often practice speaking _______ English?
(3)Do you know how many _______ countries there are in the world?
A. spoken
B. speaking
C. speaking-English
D. English-speaking
3.(1)I’m busy now. I’m sorry I can’t help _______ the flowers.
(2)Whenever he comes to our garden, he can’t help _____ the flowers.
A. watering
B. watered
C. waters
D. to water
4.(1)Please turn off the__________ when you leave.
(2)Please pass me the __________ on the table.
(3)Which is___________, you or Mary?
(4)The young man________ a cigarette after he got off.
A. lit
B. lighter
C. light
D. lighting
5.(1)The story_____ moved the people present.
(2)The ________ of the pool is 5 meters
(3)Do frogs go_____ under the mud than snakes in winter?
A. depth
B. deeply
C. deeper
D. more deeply
6.(1)Is this mosquito(蚊子) on the wall _______or dead?
(2)Both plants and animals are________ things.
(3)Carl had a strange way of making his classes________ and interesting.
(4)It will be the largest _______concert the world has ever seen.
A. alive
B. live
C. living
D. lively
7.(1)What do you_______ by saying so?
(2)The little boy_________ to reach the apple on the table just now.
(3)What’s the_________ of the word?
(4)We think it is a very________ thing.
A. meaning
B. mean
C. meaningful
D. meant
8.(1)When I woke up, I found myself_____ in the hospital.
(2)Few people liked to visit that______ place.
(3) A_______ man lived in a____ house by the hillside.
(4)She was_______, but she didn’t feel_________.
A. alone
B. lonely
C. lone
D. A and B
9.(1)The teacher asked us to read the text________ in the morning.
(2)We could hear the students talking_________ in the classroom.
(3)Facts speak_______ than words.
A. aloud
B. louder
C. loudly
10.(1)What’s the__________ of the tower?
(2)The villagers speak_________ of the work.
(3)The villager climbed_____________ up the tree.
(4)The villager is about 1.7 meters_________.
A. high
B. highly
C. tall
D. height
11.(1)I hear that you haven’t been well_______.
(2)What’s the_________ news?
(3)I heard that you went to bed ________ last night.
(4)I shall call him again________.
A. late
B. later
C. lately
D. latest
12.(1)The shirt is______ small for him to wear.
(2)She is a__________ beautiful girl in town.
(3)It is _________ hotter today than it was yesterday.
A. very
B. much
C. too
D. much too
13.(1)Which do you like________, red or blue?
(2)This kind of beverage sells very __________.
(3)Which season do you like________, winter, spring, summer or autumn?
(4)Which newspaper do you like________ of all?
A. good
B. better
C. best
D. well
14.(1)The driver drives very________.
(2)You should take_______ of these flowers.
(3)It was_______ of you to make such mistakes.
(4)Compared with Jack, Mary is very_________ in study.
A. care
B. careless
C. careful
D. carefully
15.(1)It’s no _______ arguing with him about the question.
(2)We still have no idea of the ________of the medicine.
(3)TV advertisements lie to sell products that are sometimes bad or _____.
(4)Your advice might be _______ to other similar situations.
A. useful
B. useless
C. use
D. usage
16. (1) The USA is rich, and it is a__________ country.
(2) Though she’s made much progress, China is still a_______ country.
(3)The Olympic Games in China helps our country________ faster.
A. develop
B. developing
C. developed
D. be developed
17. (1)The question______ now at the meeting is very important.
(2)The question______ at the meeting last week is very important.
(3)The question______ at the meeting next week is very important.
A. to be discussed
B. being discussed
C. to discuss
D. discussed
18.(1)I hear that you’ve been to England _______ on business.
(2)I hear that _______ you go to England on business.
(3)I hear that you will go to England _______ on business.
(4)I hear that you are likely go to England on business _______this week.
A. anytime
B. some time
C. some times
D. sometimes
19. (1)To our_______, they wouldn’t like to cooperate with us.
(2)We found_______ they wouldn’t like to cooperate with us.
(3)We found in_______ they wouldn’t like to cooperate with us.
(4)That they wouldn’t like to cooperate with us is very__________.
(5)We were very_______ to find that they wouldn’t like to cooperate with us.
A. surprising
B. surprised
C. surprise
D. surprisedly
20. (1)She was so excited that she couldn’t fall __________.
(2)She was so tired that she felt __________ while driving.
(3)She didn’t go to __________ until 12:00 last night.
(4)She sat there watching her __________ baby.
A. sleep
B. sleeping
C. asleep
D. sleepy
21. (1)She looked _______ at her old and sick father.
(2)She looked _______ at the news that her old and sick father grew worse.
(3)From her _______ face I knew that her old and sick father grew worse.
(4)Her _______ face made us from bad to worse.
A. worry
B. worried
C. worriedly
D. worrying
22. (1) She was ill and _______ herself down in bed all day long.
(2) She found a wallet _______ on the ground when she passed the corner.
A. lay
B. lied
C. lying
D. laid
23. (1)I used to be a very delightful girl. I guess no human being could have passed _______ childhood.
A. a happy
B. a happier
C. the happier
D. the happiest
(2)Of the two sisters, Betty is _______ one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet.
A. a younger
B. a youngest
C. the younger
D. the youngest
(3) Your story is perfect; I’ve never heard _______ before.
A. the better one
B. the best one
C. a better one
D. a good one
(4) --- Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
--- Yes. I've never been to ________ one before.
A. a more excited
B. the most excited
C. a more exciting
D. the most exciting
(5) I don’t think this film is by far the most boring. I have seen ________.
A. better
B. worse
C. the best
D. the worst
24. (1)He spent as much time as he could _______ English.
(2)He spare as much time as he could _______ English.
A. to study
B. study
C. studied
D. studying
25. (1)What he enjoys _______ us very surprised.
(2) What he wants to do most is _______ us very surprised.
A. making
B. makes
C. make
D. to make
26. (1) --- Hi, Mike! Will you join us in the running?
--- Certainly I’ll come, but I am afraid I shall be _______.
A. a few minutes later
B. a few minutes late
C. later for a few minutes
D. late for a few minutes
(2)She has a _______ grandmother to look after.
(3) Her grandmother was _______.
A. seventy-five-year-old
B. seventy-five-years-old
C. seventy-five-year old
D. seventy-five years old
27. (1) They all think Tom to be a _______ boy.
(2) They all think Tom to be _______ at the sad news.
A. disappointing
B. disappointed
C. to disappoint
D. disappoint
28. (1) Time should be made full use of _______ hard.
A. to study
B. studying
C. study
D. studied
(2) She should be taken good care of _______ out the maths problems.
A. work
B. to work
C. working
D. worked
29. (1) He didn't allow us _______ in the office.
A. smoke
B. smokes
C. to smoke
D. smoked
(2) He didn't allow our _______ in the office.
A. smoke
B. smokes
C. smoking
D. smoked
(3) He didn't allow us _______ in the office.
A. smoke
B. smokes
C. smoking
D. smoked
30. (1) He will fly ____ to New York.
(2) ____ the manager criticized him.
A. direct
B. directly D. directness D. directy
31. (1)He listened to the teacher _______ and carefully.
(2)The new coat my mother bought for fit me _______ and well.
(3) The air today is ______ and clean
A. nice
B. good
C. fine
D. well
32. (1) Tom sat under a tree and seeing his friend, _______ up in no time.
(2) Tom sat under a tree, saw his friend, _______ up in no time.
A. to stand
B. standing
C. stood
D. and stood
33. (1) Culture refers to a group or community ____ we share common experiences that shape the way we understand the world.
A.with which
B.that
C.which
D.what
(2) There are two buildings, ____ stands nearly a hundred feet high.
A.the larger
B.the larger of them
C.the larger one that
D.the larger of which
34. (1) ― Could you do me a favor?― It depends on ____ it is.
(2) It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.
A. which
B. whichever
C. what
D. whatever
35. 1) The village students brought _______ they could —a bag of rice or a pig to pay the tuition.
A. whenever
B. wherever
C. however
D. whatever
2) All the reference books are here. You may borrow _______ (book) you like.
A. whatever
B. whichever
C. however
D. whenever
36.(1)The top of cave was ________ twenty feet high.
(2)There is _____ nothing interesting in his speech.
A. nearly
B. most
C. mostly
D. almost
371.(1)Who is the greatest poet _______ today?
(2)Is his grandfather still _______?
A. living
B. alive
C. to live
D. lived
38..(1)The streets are brightly _______ up.
(2)The ________ candle in the room gave poor light.
A. light
B. lighted
C. lit
D. B and C
39..(1)The flower is very beautiful. And it smells _______.
(2)We can guess from her pleased face that the ______ news was really a pleasure to her.
A. pleasant
B. pleased
C. please
D. pleasing
40.(1) I want ___ your bag.
(2)Your eyes want ___.
(3)The boy said, "I don't want ___ . Let me be.
(4)I want my eyes ___ this afternoon.
A. examined
B. to examine
C. to be examined
D. examining
41.(1) Weather ___, we'll go and pay a visit to your school.
(2)If weather ____, we'll go and pay a visit to your school.
A. permits
B. permitted
C. permitting
D. is permitted
42.(1) Which do you find ___ to learn, Japanese or English?
(2)I find ___ to learn English than Japanese.
(3)Marked with numbers, the books can be found ___.
A. easy
B. easier
C. more easily
D. it much easier
43.(2) He spent the whole vacation ____ the novel.
(3) You should have made good use of the time you spent together ___ the matter.
A. discuss
B. discussed
C. discussing
D. to discuss
44. (1) She______ that Mike is sick in bed.
(2) It______ that Mike is sick in bed.
(3)_______is believing.
(4) Mike_______ to be sick in bed.
A. saying
B. says
C. is said
D. say
45. (1) I noticed an old lady__________ the street just now.
(2) An old lady was noticed__________ the street just now.
(3) Be careful while_________.
A. crossing
B. cross
C. to cross
D. crossed
46. (1) We are to _______ the machine this afternoon.
(2)The machine is to____________ this afternoon.
(3) The machine needs________.
(4) After_______, the machine can be reused.
A. repaired
B. repairing
C. be repaired
D. repair
47. (1) They__________ the question from 5 to 6 o’clock yesterday afternoon.
(2) The questions__________ from 5 to 6 o’clock yesterday afternoon.
(3) This is the question ________at the meeting yesterday.
(4) They ____________ the questions from 5 to 6 o’clock tomorrow afternoon.
A. were being discussed
B. will be discussing
C. were discussing
D. discussed
48. (1) The boy is ____ asleep.
(2) He is ____ serious about the matter.
(3) They gave the enemy a ____ blow.
A. dead
B. deadly
C. deadness
D. deady
49. (1)We had thought that we did ________ him.
(2)We had thought we did give him a _______ reply.
A. satisfying
B. satisfaction
C. satisfied
D. satisfy
50. (1)Hearing the _________ news they all jumped.
(2)They were singing and dancing when we saw these ______ students.
A. exciting
B. excited
C. excite
D. to excite
51. (1)Soon he has got used to ________ in such a climate.
(2)He used to ________ in such a climate when he was in the army.
A. living
B. lived
C. having lived
D. live
52. (1)He did what he could _____ down the weeping woman.
(2)He said he could _____ down the weeping woman.
A. to calm
B. calm
C. calming
D. calmed
53. (1) I’m sorry I can’t make myself__________.
(2) I’m sorry I can’t make you__________ me.
A. understand
B. understood
C. understanding
D. understand
54. (1)He went to a party without________.
(2) He went to a party alone without_____________ anyone else.
A. inviting
B. invited
C. being invited
D. invite
55. (1) _____ by Hank, we entered the dining room.
(2) ____ Hank, we entered the dining room.
(3) _____________ Hank, and we entered the dining room.
A. Follow
B. Followed
C. Following
D. To follow
56. (1)We had thought what we did ______him.
(2)We had thought that we did_____ him.
A. satisfying
B. satisfaction
C. satisfied
D. satisfy
57. (1)He will ________ the Atlantic Ocean on his own.
(2)I’d like you to buy a round ________ for me.
(3)The Great Canyon is a day’s ________ by car from here.
(4)Mr. Smith has made up his mind to ________ all the countries in Asia in search of novelty.
A. journey
B. trip
C. travel
D. voyage
58. (1)I was in great need of money, so I __________ 200 yuan for my bike.
(2)I was in great need of a bike, so I __________ 200 yuan buying one.
A. paid
B. spent
C. cost
D. took
59. (1)After a day’s hard work, the man came ho me ________.
(2)After a day’s hard work, the man came home, ________.
A. tired and hungry
B. tiring and hungry
C. tiredly and hungrily
D. being tired and hungry
60.
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英语专题讲座（一） 词汇的分类和构词法 一、复习要点阐述 我们学习的语言的每一篇文章都是由句子构成的。每一个句子都是由或多或少的词构成的。单词是语言构成的最基础内容，教英语的老师通常会说“一个学生记住的词汇是与他的英语成绩成正比。”这句话说明了一件事，就是词汇量的重要性。就像我们自己的国语中文，一个孩子从小到大，在日常生活中记住了大量的词汇，所以运用起来很自如。如何能记好英语的单词及其他们的用法，了解英语的词类和构词法对于一个考生来说是很重要的。所以在今天的专题中，我们将复习英语的词类和初中阶段我们所要掌握的几种构词法，使同学们对英语的词类及其简单的用法有一定的了解，并能正确的使用词汇。 二、要点复习的策略及技巧 （一）英语的词类 英语中的词类根据其语法功能分为名词、冠词、代词、数词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词、动词十类。根据意义又可以分为实词和虚词。实词指具有实际意义并能单独作句子成分的词。这些词是名词、数词、代词、形容词、副词和动词六类。虚词指没有实际意义或实际意义不明显、不能在句子中单独作句子成分的词。这些词是冠词、介词、连词和感叹词四类。 下面我们就词汇的分类、名称、作用及例词列表。
从上面的表格中我们简要地讲解了英语十大词类的基本用法。同学们可以仔细的体会一下此表的内容。这将有助于你们对句子和文章的理解。 （二）构词法 语言的基本要素之一是词汇。在语言发展的最初阶段，人们使用的是少量而简单的词汇，这些词汇只表示日常简单的事物和概念，构成语言最基本的词，称为原生词，也叫基本词或词根词。英语里的原生词大都是单音节的。如：sun, man, head, foot, fish, see, run等，其数量是有限的。随着社会的发展与进步，语言的扩充与融合使语言变得复杂，原有的原生词已不够用，人们便创造了一些新词来表示新有的事物与概念，按照语言一定的规律创造新词的方法，就是我们所说的构词法。在初中阶段我们学习了下列构词法，了解了这些构词法，我们对词的用法就更方便一些。 1. 合成法 合成法至今保持着旺盛的生命力，在现代英语中不少新词都是借助原有的词合成的。 1)名词+名词→名词 basket(篮子)+ball(球)→basketball篮球book (书) +shop(商店) → bookshop书店 book(书) + store(商店) → bookstore书店house(房子) +work(劳动) → housework家务劳动 home(家庭) + work(工作) → homework家庭作业 2) 形容词+名词→名词 black(黑色的)+board(木板)→ blackboard黑板English(英国的)+man(人)→ Englishman英国人 loud(大声的)+speaker(说话者) → loudspeaker扬声器 3)动词的-ing形式＋名词
派生词专项训练100题 1.I wrote him a letter to show my___(appreciate) of his thoughtfulness. 2.The first tomb was built at the___(begin) of the 15th century. 3.Painting is a ___(create) process. 4.For our homework tonight, we have to write a ___(describe) of the street where we live. 5.The ___ (discover) of gold on their land made the people rapidly rich. 6.I’d just like to ___ (emphasis) how important it is for people to learn foreign language. 7.My grandfather is as___(energy) as a young man and hates sitting around doing nothing at all. 8.The first lesson was very___(enjoy)---I like it a lot! 9.These discoveries proved the___(exist)of a human species who lived in the area between 700,000 and years ago. 10.A smile is the universal___(face) expression---it is intended to put people at ease. 11.Those who change mobile phones frequently will pay a heavy price for being___(fashion). 12.The committee is discussing the problem right now. It will___(hope) have been solved by the end of next week. 13.The accused man proved his___(innocent) of the crime. 14.The government’s new scheme is designed to help the___(job). 15.The days start to___(long) in March. 16.___(Luck), Peter didn’t get the job. 17.The old man had no child so he suffered a lot from___(lonely). 18.Stop you ___(mean) chatter, boys. You are wasting time. 19.How lucky he was! He won the lottery and now he is a ___(million). 20.They had the ___(fortune) to be hit by a violent storm. 21.He lives in a ___(mountain) district, where traffic is extremely inconvenient. 22.I am so full that I couldn’t eat another ___(mouth). 23.We must pay special attention to the___(mystery) stranger. 24.Try to act___(nature), even if you are tense. 25.Public spending___(necessary) affects the economy. 26.After the race, I felt my heart beating___(violence). 27.The baby was sleeping___(peace). 28.He showed us ___(person) around the factory. 29.It gives me great___(pleasure) to welcome our speaker. 30.___(polite) costs nothing and gains everything. 31.The___(popular) of professional sports has been increasing
英语构词法练习题基础 篇精编版 MQS system office room 【MQS16H-TTMS2A-MQSS8Q8-MQSH16898】
英语构词法练习题 一、基础练习 A:名词后加“y”变成形容词 sun---_________()wind---__________()cloud---__________() rain---________()snow---__________()fun---__________() health---________()noise---__________()salt---__________() luck---__________()sleep---__________()sand---__________() B:名词后加“-ful”“-less”变成形容词 care---__________()__________()use---__________()__________() colour---__________()_________()help---__________()__________() hope---__________()__________()harm---__________()__________() success---________()wonder---_______()peace---__________() sleep---__________()home---__________()value---__________() C:名词后加“-ern”变成形容词 east---______()west---_______()south---_______()north---__________() D:名词后加“-al”变成形容词 person---__________()education---__________()tradition---__________()medicine-- -__________()music---__________()nature---__________() E:名词后加“-ly”变成形容词 friend---___________()love---___________()week---__________() F:名词后加“--ous”变成形容词 danger---___________()mystery---___________()fame---__________() G:名词后加“-en”变成形容词 wool---___________()wood---___________()gold---__________() H:名词转化为形容词的不规则变化 energy---___________()athlete---___________()hunger---___________()pride--- ___________()death---___________()science---___________() knowledge---___________()anger---___________()Africa---___________()America--- ___________()Asia---___________()Australia---___________() I:动词变名词 ①work---________(工作者)sing---________(歌手)teach---_________(教师)drive--- _________(司机)write---________(作家)dance---_________(舞蹈家)win--- _________(获胜者)run---___________(赛跑者)swim---_________(游泳者)act--- _________(演员)collect---__________(收藏家)direct---___________(主管) visit---_________(参观者)invent---_________(发明家)translate---________(翻译家) ②educate---___________(教育)describe---___________(描述)predict--- ___________(预言)
重点专题构词法归纳 1．派生法 （1）前缀 ①表示否定意义的前缀： a. 纯否定前缀： un-: unable, unemployment（失业）, unload（卸载）, uncover（揭开）, unhappy, untrue, unlike （不像）, unrest（不安的，动荡的）, unfair, unknown, unhealthy, unusual, uncertain, unclear（不清楚的）, unequal, unlucky, unreal, unkind, uncomfortable, uneasy（心情不安的）, uninteresting, unimportant, unnecessary, unpleasant, undivided, unreserved（无保留的） dis-: dislike（不喜欢）, disarm, disconnect, disagree, disappear, disadvantage, dishonest, disability, discover（发现）, disobey in-, im-, il-, ir-: incapable, inability, incomplete, incorrect, inconvenient, inexpensive, impossible, immoral（不道德的）, illegal（非法的）, illogical（不合乎逻辑的）, irregular, irrelative non-: non-smoker, non-stop, non-violent（非暴力的）, nonwhite, non-member, nonparty（无党派）, nonsense（无意义） b. 表示错误的意义： mis-: mistake, mislead（误导）, misunderstanding, misuse, mis-spell, mistrust, mistreat c. 表示“反、防、抗”的意义： anti-: antiknock（防震）, antiforeign（排外的）, anti-war, antitank（反战车的）, anti-pollution ②表示空间位置、方向关系的前缀： a- 表示“在……之上”，“向……”：aboard, aside de- 表示“在下，向下”：decrease（下降）, degrade en- 表示“在内，进入”：encage（入笼）, enbed（上床） ex- 表示“外部，外”：exit, expand（扩张）, export fore- 表示“在前面”：forehead, foreground, foreleg, forefoot in-, im- 表示“向内，在内，背于”：inland, inside, indoor(s), import inter- 表示“在……间，相互”：international, interaction, internet, interview mid- 表示“中，中间”：midposition out- 表示“在外部，在外”：outline, outside, outward(s), outdoor(s) over- 表示“在上面，在外部，向上”：overlook, overhead, overboard, overcoat, overdress, oversea(s)(海外) post- 表示“向后，在后边，次”：postscript（附言） pre- 表示“在前，在前面，提前”：prefix（前缀）, preface（前言）, preposition（介词）super- 表示“在…..之上，超级”：superstructure, supernatural, superpower, superman trans- 表示“移上，转上，在那一边”：translate, transform（转移）, transplant（移植）, transportation（交通） under- 表示“在…..下面，下的”：underline, underground, underwater, undershirt up- 表示“向上，向上面，在上”：upward(s), uphold, uphill（上坡） auto- 表示“自己，独立，自动”：automobile（自动车）, autobiography（自传） tele- 表示“远离”：television, telephone , telegram（电报）, telegraph（电报，抽象名词）, telescope（望远镜）
初中英语构词法练习题 1.That man was________enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job. A.care B.careful C.careless D.carelessness 2.The soldier died for saving the child，so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai. A.die B.dead C.died D.death 3.The child looked________at his brother who was badly wounded. A.sadly B.sadness C.sadly D.sad 4.He is an expert at chemistry.We all call him a ________. A.chemistry B.chemical C.chemist D.physician 5.The three- ________chair isn’t suitable for a young ch ild.He may fall off. A.legging B.legged C.legs D.leged 6.Stephenson became the________railway engineer in the world. A.lead B.leader C.leading D.leadership 7.When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem，Jack looked________about at his classmates. A.proud B.proudly C.pride D.pridely 8.To everyone’s ________，the girl finished the job quite well. A.satisfied B.satisfactory C.satisfying D.satisfaction 9.—What are you doing here? —Oh，my teacher asked me to write a passage about ________in English. —You can write________passage in English? A.600 words；a 600-words B.600-word；a 600-words C.600 words；a 600-word D.600 words；a 600-words 10.No one should enter the spot without the________of the police. A.permit B.permission C.permitting D.permittence 11.You must come with us to the police ________.Our head is waiting for you. A.headquarters B.headline C.headmaster D.headache
初中英语构词法练习题 1、请根据句意，并用其适当形式填空，使句子通顺。 1. __________ (careless) will be a disaster not only to ourselves but also to patients. 2. ______________________ To break the (silent), the teacher told a joke and the students all laughed right away. 3. My grandfather still stays healthy in his (ninety). 4. They often meet and share their (think), feelings and experiences. 5. ______________________ There are two (dictionary) on that shelf. 6. He is not afraid of making a (speak) in front of many people. 7. _________________________________________ You should talk to your teacher when ___________________________ (feel) sad. 8. He has made little progress (simple) because he is crazy about computer games. 9. ___________________________ When I saw him, he (wait) for the bus at the bus stop. 10. _______________________ Danial would rather (wear) green than red.Red is a girl's colour.
高考能力测试构词法W o r d F o r m a t i o n 一．合成 Compounding 两个或更多的词合成一个词。 方式：1. 直接写在一起。 2. 用连字符(-)连接。 3. 由两个分开的词构成。 (1)合成adj
(2)合成动词 (3)合成n (4)合成 adv however, maybe, wherever, whenever, forever (5)合成代词whoever,, whatever, everyone, nobody, myself, something, anything, （6）合成介词 inside在……里
date, hand, study, 2. 形容词转化为动词 perfect完美的——使完善 3.名词转化为形容词(副词) front前面——前面的 4.形容词转化为名词 chief 主要的——首领 训练要旨：构词法是英语学习的一个重点，也是近年来常考的项目。特别是在词语辨析的综合运用中，对词汇掌握的要求越来越高。检测 构词法，在阅读理解中，已不把这种词汇看作生词，而是把这类词的理解看作学生通过对构词法知识的学习，应该具备的一种能力。如有的 生词，只要其词根是学生们该掌握的或熟悉的,只是加上了前缀或后缀，再者或是合成词等，命题人就认为不必再注出汉语注释。 1.That man was________enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job.A.care B. careful C. careless Dcarelessness 2.The soldier died for saving the child，so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai. A. die B. dead C. died D. death 3.The child looked_______ at his brother who was badly wounded. A. sadly B. sadness C. sadly D. sad
英语构词法中的派生法 派生法：在词根加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫作派生法。 一、前缀前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性（除少数前缀外）； 后缀一般改变词类，而不引起词义的变化。 (1) 表示否定意义的前缀常用的有： dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mis-, non-, un- 。 disable disadvantage disagree disappear disapprove disclose discolour disconnect discontinuous discontinue discount discourage disorder illegal impossible inaccurate inactive inadaptable inapplicable inconstant inconvenient incredible incurable independent ineffective informal invisible irregular irremovable irrespective irresponsible misfortune misguide midinterpret mislead misread mistrust misunderstand misuse nonmetal noncooperation noninvolvement unable unacceptable unaware unbalance unbreakable uncertain unchangeable uncomfortable undecided unemployed undetermined undeveloped unearth uneconomical unfold unpack untie (2) 表示其他意义的前缀常用的有： a.前缀anti anti-fascist anti-gas anti-imperialist anti-Japanese War b.前缀auto autobiography autography c.前缀bi- bicentury bilingual
英语构词法练习题 一、基础练习 A：名词后加“y”变成形容词 sun---( sunny ) wind ---( windy ) cloud ---( cloudy ) rain ---( rainy ) snow ---( snowy ) fun---(funny ) health ---( healthy ) noise ---( noisy ) salt---( salty ) luck ---( lucky ) sleep ---( sleepy ) sand ---( sandy ) B：名词后加“-ful” “-less”变成形容词 care ---( careful )_( careless ) use---_(useful )( useless ) colour---( colourful ) ( colourless ) help---( helpful ) ( helpless ) hope ---( hopeful )_( hopeless ) harm ---(harmful ) ( harmless ) success---( successful ) wonder---(wonderful ) peace---( peaceful ) sleep ---(sleepless ) home---(homeless ) value---(valueless ) C：名词后加“-ern”变成形容词 east--( eastern )west ---( western )south---( southern ) north---(northern ) D：名词后加“-al”变成形容词 person---( personal )education---(educational )tradition---(traditional) medicine---( medical ) music ---(musical ) nature---( natural ) E：名词后加“-ly”变成形容词 friend---( friendly ) love---(lovely ) week---( weekly ) F：名词后加“--ous”变成形容词 danger---( dangerous mystery---( mysterious ) fame---( famous ) G：名词后加“-en”变成形容词 wool---( woolen ) wood--( wooden ) gold---( golden ) H：名词转化为形容词的不规则变化 energy---( energetic) athlete---( athletic ) hunger---(hungry ) pride---( proud ) death---( dead ) science---( scientific ) anger---( angry ) Africa---(African ) America---(American ) Asia---( Asian ) Australia---( Australian ) I：动词变名词 ①work---__worker_(工作者) sing---_singer___(歌手) teach---____teacher__(教师) drive---___driver____(司机) write---_writer_(作家) dance---_dancer(舞蹈家) win---____winner__(获胜者) run---___runner___(赛跑者) swim---__swimmer(游泳者)act---___acter(演员) collect---collector(收藏家) direct---___director(主管) visit---__visitor(参观者) invent---_inventor(发明家) translate---____translator(翻译家) ②educate---____education(教育) describe---__description(描述) predict---prediction(预言)
词汇进阶-----词根词缀构词法汇总1.常见的词根(转自无优雅思) 常见的词根 1) aer, ar, 含义是“空气，大气” aer oplane, aerial, 2) ag, act, ig, 含义是“做，动作” a ctive, agent, reaction, 3) alt, 含义是“高”，altitude, 4) alter, altern, altr, 含义是“其它，变更” alternate, 5) bio, bi, bion, 含义是“生物，生命” biology, bionics(仿生学) 6) brev, bri, brief, 含义是“短” brie f, abbreviation, abridge(节略) 7) cap, capt, cept, cip, 含义是“取，获” capture, except, concept, capacity 8) ced, ceed, cess, 含义是“行，让 步” proceed, succeed, excess(过度) 9) centr, centr, 含义是“中心” conc entrate, eccentric(偏心的) 10) clain, clam, 含义是“呼喊” claim, proclaim, exclaim 11) clos, clud, 含义是“闭合” conclud e, enclose, include 12) col, cult, 含义是“耕耘” colony, c ultivate, agriculture 13) cor, cord, 含义是“心” cordial, re cord, accord 14) curr, cur, cour, 含义是“跑，动作”current, occur, concurrence(同时发生) 15) dic, dict, 含义是“说，示” dictate, edit, indicate, predict 16) doc, doct, 含义是“教” doctor, do cument． 17) duc, duct含义是“引导，传导” int roduce, produce, conduct, deduct( 推论) 18) fact, fac, fect, dic, dit, 含义是“做，创造” factory, effect, profit, fac ulty, perfect 19) fend, fens, 含义是“打，击” defen ce, offence 20) fer, 含义是“搬运，移转” ferry, tr ansfer, defer(迟延) 21) fin, finit, 含义是“终，极” final, f inish, confine 22) firm, 含义是“坚固” firm, confirm, affirm(断定) 23) fix, 含义是“固定” prefix, affix (附加) 24) flect, flex, 含义是“弯曲” flexible, reflex 25) flor, flour, flower, 含义是“花” fl ower, flourish 26) form, 含义是“形” uniform, formu la, transform, reform, deform 27) forc, fort, 含义是“力，强度” forc e, enforce, effort 28) gen, genit, 含义是“生产，发生” g enerate, generation 29) gram, graph, 含义是“书写，记录”telegram, diagram, photograph 30) grad, gress, gred, gree, 含义是“步，阶段” gradually, degree, progres s 31) hab, habit, hibit, 含义是“保持，住” inhabit, exhibit, prohibit 32) her, hes, 含义是“粘附” adhere, c ohesion 33) ject, jet, 含义是“抛射” project, i nject 34) jour, 含义是“日，一天” journal(日记), journey, adjourn(延期) 35) jug, junct, 含义是“结合，连合” c onjunction, junction(连合) 36) labour, labor, 含义是“劳动，工作”labourer, elaborate, collaborate 37) lect, leg, lig, 含义是“挑选，采集”collect, select, lecture 38) lif, liv, 含义是“生活，生存” life, alive, live 39) loc, 含义是“场所，位置” location, dislocate(脱位)
高考能力测试构词法Word Formation 一．合成Compounding 两个或更多的词合成一个词。 方式：1. 直接写在一起。 2. 用连字符(-)连接。 3. 由两个分开的词构成。 (4)合成adv however, maybe, wherever, whenever, forever (5)合成代词whoever,, whatever, everyone, nobody, myself, something, anything, （6）合成介词inside在……里二、派生Derivation
三、转化 Conversion : 指一个词不变化词形，而由一种此类转化为另一种词类或几种词类。 1. 名词和动词之间的转化telephone 电话—打电话, mirror 镜 子—像镜子一样反映, drink 喝—饮料, record 录音—记录, name, date, hand, study, 2. 形容词转化为动词 perfect 完美的——使完善 3.名词转化为形容词(副词) front 前面——前面的 4.形容词转化为名词 chief 主要的——首领 训练要旨：构词法是英语学习的一个重点，也是近年来常考的项目。特别是在词语辨析的综合运用中，对词汇掌握的要求越来越高。检测构词法，在阅读理解中，已不把这种词汇看作生词，而是把这类词的理解看作学生通过对构词法知识的学习，应该具备的一种能力。如有的生词，只要其词根是学生们该掌握的或熟悉的,只是加上了前缀或后缀，再者或是合成词等，命题人就认为不必再注出汉语注释。 1.That man was________enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job.A.care B. careful C. careless Dcarelessness 2.The soldier died for saving the child ，so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai. A. die B. dead C. died D. death 3.The child looked_______ at his brother who was badly wounded. A. sadly B. sadness C. sadly D. sad 4.He is an expert at chemistry. We all call him a ________. A. chemistry B. chemical C. chemis D. physician 5.The three- ________chair isn’t suitable for a young child. He may fall off. A. legging B .legged C. legs D.leged 6.Stephenson became the________railway engineer in the world. A. lead B. leader C. leading D. leadership 7.When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem ，Jack looked_______about at his classmates. A.proud B.proudly C.pride D. pridely 8.To everyone ’s ________, the girl finished the job quite well. A.satisfied B.satisfactory C.satisfying D.satisfaction 9.—What are you doing here? —Oh ，my teacher asked me to write a passage about ________in English. —You can write______ _passage in English? A.600 words ；a 600-words B.600-word ；a 600-words C.600 words ；a 600-word D.600 words ；a 600-words 10.No one should enter the spot without the________of the police. A.permit B.permission C.permitting D.permittence 11You must come with us to the police _______.Our head is waiting for you.A.headquarters B.headline C.headmaster D.headache 12.Letting that animal escape was no accident ；you did it ________.A.intend B.intention C.intentionally D.intentional 13.The shop owner welcomed all the guests with a________smile. A.practice B.practise C.practical D.practiced 14.The_______ordered him to pay a $100 fine. A.judger B.judgment C.judge D.judgement 15.My TV is out of order.Can you tell me what is the________news about Iraq War? https://www.doczj.com/doc/b912041744.html,tely https://www.doczj.com/doc/b912041744.html,test https://www.doczj.com/doc/b912041744.html,ter https://www.doczj.com/doc/b912041744.html,tter 16.The Great Wall is more than 6000 li in ________. A.longer B.length C.long D.longing 17.To my ________，I passed the exam easily. A.joy B.joyful C.joyless D.joyness 18.Canada is mainly an________country. A.English-speaking B.speak-English C.spoken-English D.English-spoken 19.How________ he is! He is always acting________.He is really a ________. A.foolish ；foolishly ；fool B.fool ；foolish ；fool C.foolish ；fool ；fool D.foolishly ；foolish ；fool 20.The necklace that she lost is very expensive.It’s of great ________. A.valuable B.value C.valueless D.unvaluable