专题三完形填空
第4讲说明文
[模拟演练]
Cloze 1
(2017·平顶山高三月考)(导学号 58210032)
Few Americans stay in one place for a lifetime.We__1__from the city to the suburbs，from high school to college in a different state，from a job in one region to a better job__2__，from the home where we__3__our children to the home where we plan to live in__4__．With each move we are__5__making new friends，who become part of our new life.
For many of us the__6__is a special time for forming new friendships.Today，millions of Americans go on vocation__7__，and they go not only to see new sights but also—in those places where they do not feel too__8__—with the hope of meeting new people.No one really__9__a vacation trip to produce a close friend，but the beginning of a friendship is possible.Surely in every country people__10__friendship.
The word“friend”to American people can be__11__to a wide range of relationships—to someone one has known for a few weeks in a new place，to a close business companion，to a childhood playmate，to a man or woman，to a__12__colleague.There are real__13__among these relations for Americans—a friendship may be__14__，casual，situational or deep and lasting.But to a European，who sees only our surface behavior，the differences are not clear.
As Europeans see it，all kinds of “friends”flow__15__of Americans'homes with little ceremony.They may be parents of the children's friends，house guests of neighbors，members of a committee，business associates from another town or even another country.__16__as a guest into an American home，the European visitor finds no__17__differences.The atmosphere is__18__．Most people，old and young，are called__19__first names.Americans' characteristic openness to different styles of relationship makes it possible for us to find new friends abroad with whom we feel__20__．
【语篇解读】本文介绍了美国人的生活。美国人一生当中总是在搬迁，或者是因为上学的缘故，或者是因为工作的原因，还有的是因为退休后找个好地方养老。如今，很多美国
人喜欢在夏天出国旅游，除了观光还希望能够开始一段友谊。
1．A.drive B．commute
C．move D．settle
解析：考查动词。A.drive“驾驶”；https://www.doczj.com/doc/bb4923090.html,mute“交换”；C.move“移动”；D.settle “解决，定居”。根据上句“Few Americans stay in one place for a lifetime.”(几乎没有一个美国人一生只留在一个地方)。可知下句：我们从城市到郊区，从高中到大学。故选C。
答案：C
2．A.abroad B．elsewhere
C．somewhere D．nowhere
解析：考查副词。A.abroad“在国外”；B.elsewhere“在别处”；C.somewhere“在某处”；D.nowhere“无处”。句意：从一个地区的一份工作到别处的更好的工作。故选B。
答案：B
3．A.deliver B．protect
C．educate D．raise
解析：考查动词。A.deliver“递送”；B.protect“保护”；https://www.doczj.com/doc/bb4923090.html,cate“教育”；D.raise “提高，养育”。句意：从养育孩子的家到计划退休居住的家。故选D。
答案：D
4．A.retirement B．death
C．illness D．sadness
解析：考查名词。A.retirement“退休”；B.death“死”；C.illness“疾病”；
D.sadness“伤心”。根据上题句意可知故选A。
答案：A
5．A.mostly B．mainly
C．rarely D．forever
解析：考查副词。A.mostly“多半地”；B.mainly“主要地”；C.rarely“几乎不”；
D.forever“永远”。句意：随着每次移动，我们永远交新朋友。故选D。
答案：D
6．A.winter B．summer
C．spring D．autumn
解析：考查名词。A.winter“冬天”；B.summer“夏天”；C.spring“春天”；D.autumn “秋天”。句意：对我们大多数人来说夏天是一个交友的特殊时候。故选B。
答案：B
7．A.along B．freely
C．together D．abroad
解析：考查副词。A.along“一起，向前”；B.freely“自由自在地”；C.together“在一起”；D.abroad“到国外”。句意：今天，数百万美国人到国外度假。故选D。
答案：D
8．A.alone B．strange
C．scared D．remote
解析：考查形容词。A.alone“独自的”；B.strange“奇怪的”；C.scared“害怕的”；
D.remote“遥远的”。句意：在度假的那些地方遇见新朋友他们并不感到太奇怪。故选B。
答案：B
9．A.allows B．desires
C．expects D．imagi nes
解析：考查动词。A.allows“允许”；B.desires“渴望”；C.expects“期盼”；D.imagines “想象”。句意：没有人真正地期盼在度假中交一个亲密的朋友。故选C。
答案：C
10．A.form B．develop
C．ignore D．value
解析：考查动词。A.form“形成”；B.develop“发展”；C.ignore“忽视”；D.value “评估，估价，珍惜”。句意：当然在每个国家都珍惜友谊。故选D。
答案：D
11．https://www.doczj.com/doc/bb4923090.html,ed B．applied
C．stuck D．dedicated
解析：考查动词。https://www.doczj.com/doc/bb4923090.html,ed“使用”；B.applied“应用”；C.stuck“卡住”；D.dedicated “把……用于”。句意：美国人能把“朋友”这个单词广泛地应用在人际关系中。故选B。
答案：B
12．A.kind B．generous
C．trusted D．helpful
解析：考查形容词。A.kind“和蔼的”；B.generous“慷慨的”；C.trusted“可信的”；
D.helpful“有益的”。句意：对一个诚实的同事。故选C。
答案：C
13．A.differences B．varieties
C．distinctions D．diversities
解析：考查名词。A.differences“区分，不同”；B.varieties“种类”；
C.distinctions“区别”；
D.diversities“多样性”。句意：对美国人来说上文提到的这些关系有真正的区分。故选A。
答案：A
14．https://www.doczj.com/doc/bb4923090.html,rmal B．reliable
C．shallow D．fragile
解析：考查形容词。https://www.doczj.com/doc/bb4923090.html,rmal“非正式的”；B.reliable“可靠的”；C.shallow“浅的”；D.fragile“易碎的”。句意：一种友谊可能是肤浅的，随便的，环境形成的或深厚的，永久的。故选C。
答案：C
15．A.in and out B．on and on
C．by and by D．up and down
解析：考查固定搭配。A.in and out“进进出出”；B.on and on“继续不停地”；C.by and by“不久，马上”；D.up and down“上上下下”。句意：正如欧洲人所看到的，各种各样的朋友进进出出美国家庭，毫无礼仪可言。故选A。
答案：A
16．A.Moving B．Flowing
C．Going D．Coming
解析：考查动词。A.Moving“移动”；B.Flowing“流动”；C.Going“去”；https://www.doczj.com/doc/bb4923090.html,ing “来”。句意：作为一个客人来到美国家庭，欧洲游客会发现没有明显的区别。故选D。
答案：D
17．A.obvious B．heavy
C．explicit D．strong
解析：考查形容词。A.obvious“明显的”；B.heavy“重的”；C.explicit“明确的”；
D.strong“强壮的”。故根据上题句意可知选A。
答案：A
18．A.weird B．stressed
C．relaxed D．strange
解析：考查形容词。A.weird“怪异的”；B.stressed“紧张的”；C.relaxed“放松的”；
D.strange“奇怪的”。句意：气氛是放松的。故选C。
答案：C
19．A.with B．on
C．for D．by
解析：考查介词。句意：多数人，老人和年轻人，用名字称呼。因为是被动语态，故选D。
答案：D
20．A.at best B．at home
C．at heart D．at hand
解析：考查词组。A.at best“充其量”；B.at home“在家”；C.at heart“内心里”；
D.at hand“近在手边”。句意：美国人对不同类类型关系的开放性特征，使我们感觉到和新朋友在一起就像在家里一样。故选B。
答案：B
Cloze 2
(2017·桂林第十八中学高三模拟)
Footracing (竞走) is a popular activity in the United States.It is not only seen as a competitive sport，but also as a __1__ to exercise.Though __2__ runners may spend months training to compete，other runners and walkers might not train at all.__3__ not competing to win might run in an effort to __4__ their own time，or __5__ to enjoy the fun and exercise.People of all __6__，from those less than one year old to those in their 80s，__7__ into this sport.The races are held on city streets，on college campuses，__8__ parks，and in suburban areas，and commonly 5 to 10 kilometres in __9__．
The largest footrace in the world is the 12-kilometre Bay to Breakers __10__ that is held in San Francisco every spring.This race __11__ on the east side of the city near San Francisco Bay and ends on the __12__ side at the Pacific Ocean.In 1993 there were 80，000 people __13__ in this race through the streets and hills of San Francisco.In the __14__ are the serious runners who compete to win，and __15__ might finish in as little as 34 minutes.Behind them __16__ the thousands who take several hours to finish.In the back of the race are those who wear various clothing just for __17__．There was a group of firefighters who were all __18__ in a long line and were carrying a fire-hose (消防水龙带)．One year there was a wedding __19__，in which the bride dressed in a long white dress and the groom wore a tuxedo (晚礼服)．They __20__ flowers to by-standers，and were actually married at some point along the route.
【语篇解读】本文为说明文，说明了竞走在美国是一项流行的运动。
1．A.plan B．design
C．sport D．way
解析：上下逻辑题。根据前文的“not only”和“but also”可知竞走不仅是一种竞赛体育项目，而且是一种锻炼的方式。
答案：D
2．A.serious B．amateur
C．famous D．ordinary
解析：词义辨析题。根据下文的“training to compete”和“not train at all”判断应是“认真的、正式的”。
答案：A
3．A.Others B．These
C．Those D．Ones
解析：词义复现题。根据句意：那些参加比赛不是为了赢的人可能会跑以挤出时间，或者……
答案：C
4．A.save B．beat
C．waste D．value
解析：固定搭配题。beat one's time“挤出时间”。
答案：B
5．A.finally B．simply
C．partly D．certainly
解析：词义辨析题。……或者仅仅是为了享受乐趣或锻炼。simply“仅仅，简单地”。
答案：B
6．A.ages B．walks
C．sorts D．nations
解析：固定搭配题。of all ages“各个年龄段的”。
答案：A
7．A.turn B．look
C．break D．enter
解析：固定搭配题。enter into this sport“报名参加这项运动”。
答案：D
8．A.across B．over
C．through D．on
解析：上下逻辑题。根据空前后的介词短语判断应是这种运动可穿越公园。through“穿过”。
答案：C
9．A.size B．length
C．depth D．height
解析：上下逻辑题。根据前文提到的竞走运动，和空前的“5 to 10 kilometres”判断应是在长度上。
答案：B
10．A.race B．city
C．ground D．ceremony
解析：词汇复现题。根据前文的“footrace”和下句的“race”可知应选比赛(race)。
答案：A
11．A.holds B．goes
C．begins D．carries
解析：上下逻辑题。根据下文的“ends”判断是开始。
答案：C
12．A.north B．south
C．east D．west
解析：上下逻辑题。根据前文的“east side”判断此处是“west side”。
答案：D
13．A.signing B．helping
C．watching D．running
解析：上下逻辑题。根据前文的“race”，应是1993年，有80，000人参加这项比赛，穿越旧金山的街道和山脉。
答案：D
14．A.beginning B．front
C．course D．process
解析：固定搭配题。in the front在前面，相对于后面提到的Behind them和In the back of。
答案：B
15．A.who B．what
C．which D．as
解析：语法结构题。前文“who”引导的是定语从句，and连接的是并列的定语从句，后一个定语从句中也是缺少主语，也应用who引导。
答案：A
16．A.stay B．fall
C．are D．stand
解析：语法结构题。题干中是介词短语放在句首的倒装句，主语为the thousands，系动词应用are。
答案：C
17．A.fun B．medal
C．win D．prize
解析：固定搭配题。for fun“为了好玩”。根据前文的“various clothing”和前一段的“enjoy the fun”判断选A项。
答案：A
18．A.wrapped B．followed
C．separated D．tied
解析：词义辨析题。be tied in a line“一排并行”。
答案：D
19．A.dinner B．party
C．day D．invitation
解析：上下逻辑题。wedding party“婚礼”。
答案：B
20．A.sold B．presented
C．threw D．donated
解析：上下逻辑题。根据下文的“by-standers”判断是向旁观者扔花。
答案：C
Cloze 3
(2017·肇庆高三模拟)(导学号 58210033)
It is always interesting and inspiring to observe human behavior.Some behavior__1__to be true to form more often than not.In the past years，we have always held a Christmas gift exchange at our house with at least ten of our__2__．Each year，we all buy gifts__3__ in Christmas paper.When everyone is sitting around a__4__at home，all the gifts are piled in the middle of the floor.
People choose a(n)__5__from a bowl that tells him o r her when they can take their__6__to choose their gifts.The person with the number one can choose any__7__ and then，each person picks one in turns.Before they choose a gift，they have the__8__ of taking the gift from the former person.__9__ when all numbers have chosen a gift，the person__10__the first number can then take a gift away from any other person.
What is always interesting is__11__ each person as they choose a gift.What happens__12__usually happens more often than not.The biggest gift always gets chosen first.It is hardly the smallest gift，__13__is it the fanciest gift-wrapping.What does this tell us about most human__14__ ?
Is the__15__always the best or worth the most? Is it that we think that something small is not worth as much or cannot__16__ our expectations?
Human beings，in fact，appear__17__ all sorts of packaging and size.Some are bigger and some are smaller；some are dressed__18__ and some are dressed poorly.Behind every human trapping though__19__ unforeseen characteristics，talents，desires，hurts，pains and dreams.
Just as Terry Josephson，a motivational speaker，says，“__20__ thinking in terms of limitations and start thinking in terms of possibilities.”
【语篇解读】本文主要讲了通过在圣诞节的时候发礼物来观察每一个人的行为，这是很有趣的。
1．A.intends B．happens
C．seems D．remains
解析：考查动词以及对语境的理解。A.intends“打算”；B.happens“发生”；C.seems “似乎”；D.remains“仍然”。seem to be“似乎，好像”。故选C。
答案：C
2．A.audience B．family
C．class D．team
解析：考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.audience“观众”；B.family“家庭”；C.class “班级”；D.team“队”。根据语境可知是我们的家人家庭。故选B。
答案：B
3．A.covered B．piled
C．hidden D．wrapped
解析：考查动词以及对语境的理解。A.covered“环绕”；B.piled“堆积”；C.hidden “隐藏”；D.wrapped“缠绕”。根据语境可知是缠在圣诞树上的礼物。故选D。
答案：D
4．A.circle B．distance
C．direction D．table
解析：考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.circle“循环”；B.distance“距离”；C.direction “方向”；D.t able“桌子”。根据语境可知是每个人在家里坐着围成一圈。故选A。
答案：A
5．A.tip B．fortune
C．number D．item
解析：考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.tip“方法”；B.fortune“未来”；C.number“数量”；D.item“类别”。根据语境可知是人们选择一个数字。故选C。
答案：C
6．A.chances B．turns
C．measures D．time
解析：考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.chances“机会”；B.turns“转弯”；C.measures “方法”；D.time“时间”。take one's turn“轮流”，根据语境可知是轮流选择礼物。故选B。
答案：B
7．A.gift B．number
C．person D．bowl
解析：考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.gift“礼物”；B.number“数字”；C.person “人”；D.bowl“碗”。根据语境可知是选择礼物。故选A。
答案：A
8．A.desire B．patent
C．option D．talent
解析：考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.desire“愿望”；B.patent“父母”；C.option “选择”；D.talent“天赋”。have a option of“有……的选择权”。根据空后“taking the gift from the former person”可知选C。
答案：C
9．A.At the end B．In other words
C．By the way D．On the contrary
解析：考查短语以及对语境的理解。A.At the end“最后”；B.In other words“换句话说”；C.By the wa y“顺便说一下”；D.On the contrary“相反”。根据空后“when all number have chosen a gift”可知选A。
答案：A
10．A.counting B．holding
C．offering D．exchanging
解析：考查动词以及对语境的理解。A.counting“数”；B.holding“举行”；C.offering “提供”；D.exchanging“交换”。根据语境可知是拿着第一个号码的人。故选B。
答案：B
11．A.persuading B．accompanying
C．seeing D．watching
解析：考查动词以及对语境的理解。A.persuading“劝说”；B.accompanying“陪伴”；
C.seeing“看”；
D.watching“观看”。句意：有趣的是当他们选择礼物时观察每一个人。故选D。
答案：D
12．https://www.doczj.com/doc/bb4923090.html,st B．next
C．finally D．first
解析：考查副词以及对语境的理解。https://www.doczj.com/doc/bb4923090.html,st“最后”；B.next“接下来”；C.finally “最终”；D.first“首先”；句意：接下来发生的。故选B。
答案：B
13．A.and B．or
C．yet D．nor
解析：考查副词以及对语境的理解。由hardly可知，这里是否定句，所以这里需用nor。故选D。
答案：D
14．A.history B．mind
C．behavior D．custom
解析：考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.history“历史”；B.mind“想法”；C.behavior “行为”；D.custom“习俗”；根据语境可知是大多数人的行为，故选C。
答案：C
15．A.biggest B．smallest
C．cheapest D．heaviest
解析：考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A.biggest“最大”；B.smallest“最小”；
C.cheapest“最便宜”；
D.heaviest“最重的”。根据空后“always the best or worth the most”可知选A。
答案：A
16．A.catch up with B．live up to
C．get along with D．break away from
解析：考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A.catch up with“赶上”；B.live up to“达到”；C.get along with“和……友好相处”；D.break away from“打破”。句意：是不是小的东西达不到我们的期望。故选B。
答案：B
17．A.with B．on
C．in D．at
解析：考查介词以及对语境的理解。in all sorts of是固定搭配。故选C。
答案：C
18．A.privately B．wealthily
C．simply D．elegantly
解析：考查副词以及对语境的理解。A.privately“私下”；B.wealthily“富有地”；
C.simply“简单的”；
D.elegantly“优雅的”。这里的意思是：有些人穿得很优雅，有些
人穿得很破旧。故选D。
答案：D
19．A.lies B．contains
C．disappears D．occurs
解析：考查动词以及对语境的理解。A.lies“位于”；B.contains“包含”；C.disappears “消失”；D.occurs“发生”。这里是位于的意思。故选A。
答案：A
20．A.Remember B．Begin
C．Keep D．Stop
解析：考查动词以及对语境的理解。A.Remember“记得”；B.Begin“开始”；C.Keep “保持”；D.Stop“停止”。这里的意思是：不要在想局限性，要首先想想可能性。故选D。
答案：D
Cloze 4
(2017·广州高三综合测试)(导学号 58210034)
Eco-tourism involves people traveling to beautiful but environmental sensitive places.Such trips are__1__ carried out with an experienced guide.Over recent years，this type of travel has been steadily gaining__2__ as more people search for new travel experiences.
Eco-tourism has many benefits.First，all the__3__spent by the tourists is used to__4__the important environmental spots they visit.Second，it helps__5__to better understand the environment，thereby__6__their knowledge of the world.Furthermore，this style of travel is also more__7__of the local culture.
Compared to__8__tourists，eco-tourists use energy more efficiently，save water and produce less rubbish by finding ways to__9__it.These behaviours have a__10__and lasting effect on the local environment.
Two things are needed to make eco-tourism a/an__11__.First，it should be done in small groups.And second，because it requires considerable effort，both eco-tourists and locals must be__12__ in their commi tment to improving the environment.
Green travel provides local people with jobs in parks，__13__and shops.One great achievement of eco-tourism has been the__14__of illegal hunting.Former hunters can
now work as guides to help keep the animals__15__in their natural surroundings.Green travel also__16__local people's quality of life，especially children's.
Peru is one country using eco-tourism to promote respect for the__17__．It's now able to take better care of its rainforests because of a/an__18__on more sustainable (可持续的) travel.__19__ this，local people's living-standards have improved.Many others are now following Peru's__20__ and using eco-tourism to preserve their environment for the future generations.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。近几年生态旅游越来越受到大家的青睐，文章重点陈述了生态旅游的好处。
1．A.finally B．usually
C．suddenly D．roughly
解析：根据下文“Over recent years，this type of travel has been steadily gaining”可知，这样的旅行通常在有经验的导游帮助下进行。A项意为“终于”；B项意为“通常”；C项意为“突然”；D项意为“粗糙地”。故B项正确。
答案：B
2．A.pleasure B．satisfaction
C．popularity D．freedom
解析：根据下文“more people search for new travel experiences”可知，更多的人寻求新的旅游体验，所以这种旅行受到大家的欢迎。A项意为“快乐，令人高兴的事”；B项意为“满意”；C项意为“普及，受欢迎”；D项意为“自由”。故C项正确。
答案：C
3．A.money B．time
C．energy D．effort
解析：根据下文“is used to________ the important environmental spots they visit”可知，游客所花的钱被用于重要的生态景点。A项意为“金钱”；B项意为“时间”；C项意为“精力”；D项意为“努力”。故A项正确。
答案：A
4．A.pollute B．protect
C．purchase D．explore
解析：根据语境并结合选项可知，游客所花的钱被用来保护生态景点。A项意为“污染”；B项意为“保护”；C项意为“购买”；D项意为“探索”。故B项正确。
答案：B
5．A.scientists B．hunters
C．guides D．visitors
解析：根据常识可知，应该是生态旅游有助于游客更好地了解自然环境。A项意为“科学家”；B项意为“猎人”；C项意为“向导”；D项意为“游客”。故D项正确。
答案：D
6．A.approving B．confirming
C．enriching D．supporting
解析：根据上文“better understand the environment，thereby”可知，生态旅游帮助游客更好地了解自然环境，因此能够丰富他们的知识。A项意为“批准”；B项意为“确认”；C项意为“丰富”；D项意为“支持”。故C项正确。
答案：C
7．A.respectful B．awar e
C．uncertain D．independent
解析：根据上文可知，生态旅游帮助游客了解、保护自然环境，对当地的文化是一种尊重。A项意为“尊敬的”；B项意为“意识到的，知晓的”；C项意为“不确信的”；D项意为“独立的”。故A项正确。
答案：A
8．A.rich B．curious
C．lazy D．normal
解析：根据空格前的“Compared to”及语境可知，此处指与一般游客相比，生态游客能更有效地使用资源、节约用水等。A项意为“富有的”；B项意为“好奇的”；C项意为“懒惰的”；D项意为“一般的，正常的”。故D项正确。
答案：D
9．https://www.doczj.com/doc/bb4923090.html,e B．recycle
C．copy D．restrict
解析：根据语境可知，他们想办法循环利用资源，目的是减少垃圾的产生。A项意为“使用”；B项意为“循环利用”；C项意为“复制”；D项意为“限制”。故B项正确。
答案：B
10．A.challenging B．disappointing
C．positive D．risky
解析：根据上文及空格后的“lasting effect on the local environment”可知，这些行为对当地环境有积极持久的意义。A项意为“具有挑战性的”；B项意为“令人失望的”；C项意为“积极的”；D项意为“危险的”。故C项正确。
答案：C
11．A.success B．adventure
C．tool D．symbol
解析：根据上文提到的两点可知，人们需要做到这两点才会让生态游成功。A项意为“成功的事/人”；B项意为“冒险”；C项意为“工具”；D项意为“象征”。故A项正确。
答案：A
12．A.polite B．sincere
C．doubtful D．grateful
解析：根据下文“their commitment to improving the environment”可知，生态游客和当地居民必须承诺在改善环境方面能够真诚。A项意为“礼貌的”；B项意为“真诚的”；C项意为“怀疑的”；D项意为“感激的”。故B项正确。
答案：B
13．A.mines B．factories
C．schools D．hotels
解析：根据常识并结合选项可知，绿色旅游给当地人提供了在公园、宾馆和商店工作的机会。故D项正确。
答案：D
14．A.ban B．result
C．decline D．appearance
解析：本段列举绿色旅游的好处。根据下文“Former hunters can now work as guides”可知，以前的狩猎者现在可以做导游了，所以生态旅游的一个成就就是非法狩猎行为有所减少。A项意为“禁令”；B项意为“结果”；C项意为“减少，下降，衰退”；D项意为“外表”。故C项正确。
答案：C
15．A.close B．safe
C．friendly D．active
解析：根据上文可知，生态旅游使非法狩猎行为减少了，以前的狩猎者现在做导游，这样有助于保证动物的安全。A项意为“亲密的”；B项意为“安全的”；C项意为“友好的”；D项意为“积极的”。故B项正确。
答案：B
16．A.influences B．examines
C．balances D．improves
解析：本段列举绿色旅游的好处。根据最后一段中的“local people's living-standards have improved”可知，绿色旅游也可以提升当地居民的生活质量。A项意为“影响”；B项意为“检查”；C项意为“平衡”；D项意为“改善，提高”。故D项正确。
答案：D
17．A.environment B．law
C．economy D．hosts
解析：根据下文“following Peru's________ and using eco-tourism to preserve their environment”可知，提升对环境的尊重意识。A项意为“环境”；B项意为“法律”；C项意为“经济”；D项意为“主人”。故A项正确。
答案：A
18．A.effect B．theory
C．focus D．discussion
解析：根据语境可知，此处指秘鲁将重点放在可持续旅游上。A项意为“影响”；B项意为“理论”；C项意为“中心点，焦点”；D项意为“讨论”。故C项正确。
答案：C
19．A.But for B．Acco rding to
C．In spite of D．In addition to
解析：根据语境可知，此处指除了能更好地保护雨林之外，生态游还有一个优势，即提高了当地人的生活水平。A项意为“要不是”；B项意为“根据”；C项意为“尽管”；D项意为“除……之外”。故D项正确。
答案：D
20．A.example B．rule
C．advice D．tradition
解析：根据语境可知，此处指许多国家都效仿秘鲁，利用生态游保护环境。follow one's example意为“仿效某人”，符合语境。故A项正确。B项意为“规则”；C项意为“建议”；D项意为“传统”，均不符合语境。
答案：A
专题十名词性从句 1.【2015·湖南】26.You have to know ________ you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there. A. what B. that C. where D. who 【答案】C 【考点定位】考查宾语从句. 【名师点睛】判断是什么句子最关键，这个句子是由know引导的宾语从句，宾语从句的连接词有连接代词和连接副词.因为从句部分缺少状语成分，答案就出来了.正确解答该题需要理解句意以及注意上下文（you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.）的表达. 2.【2015·北京】3 3.I truly believe ______beauty comes from within. A. that B. where C. what D. why 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：我很相信美丽源自于内心! 本题考查宾语从句.从句部分不缺少任何成分，因此用that起到连接作用，也可以省略.从句部分不缺少任何成分，因此用that起到连接作用，也可以省略.故选A. 【考点定位】考查名词性从句. 【名师点睛】名词性从句分多种，宾语从句在考试中也是很常见的，要注意宾语是句子的一个重要成分，它可以由名词、代词、名词短语或句子充当.当一个句子充当宾语时，这个句子就称之为宾语从句.一般情况下，宾语从句可作谓语的宾语，也可做主语的宾语.根据所选空在句中所作的成分来判断出是何种名词性从句. 3.【2015·安徽】25.A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not ______ ships are built
2018届高三常用词词性转换及派生 词义动词v. 名词n. 形容词adj. 反义词其他派生词使能够enable ability/disability able disable disabled/unable 不正常的abnormal normal 缺席absence absent 学术的academy academic 加速accelerate acceleration 接受accept acceptance acceptable unacceptabl e 接进access access accessible 住宿accommoda te accommodation 积累accumulate accumulation 陪伴accompany company 精确的accuracy accurate inaccurate 达到，获得achieve achievement achievable 获得，习得acquire acquisition 表演，行动act action /act /activity active inactive actual/actually 适应，改编adapt adaptation 增加，add addition additional
足够adequacy adequate 调整/使适 应 adjust adjustment 敬佩admire admiration admirable 承认admit admission 收养，采纳adopt adoption adopted 前进advance advance advanced 好处advantage disadvantag e 事故accident accidentally 使上瘾addict addition addicted /addictive addict 做广告advertise advertisement advertiser 影响,打动affect effect 机构agent agency 侵略，侵犯aggression aggressive aggressor 农业agriculture agricultural 同意agree agreement agreeable disagree disagreement 分配allocate allocation 允许allow allowance allowable 使吃惊amaze amazement amazing/am azed
2019高考英语二轮阅读理解精选（01）及解析 A (·湖北卷，A) Honesty，mymumalwaysusedtotellme，isthebestpolicy.Ofcourse，thisdidn'tincludeherwhenshetoldmethatifIdidn'teatallmyvegetablesFatherChristmas wouldfindoutandwouldn'tgivemeanypresents. Butwhenitcomestomedicine，Ihadassumeditwasimportanttoalwaysbehonestwithmypatients.Afterall，thedoctor-patientrelationshipisbasedontrust，andthereforehonestyisessential.OrsoIthought. Ihadjuststartedworkingingeriatrics(老年病科)、Mr.McMahonwasbroughtinwhenhisbellywasfoundveryswollen.Itookamedicalhistoryfromh isdaughterwho'daccompaniedhimintheambulance.She'dbeenhismaincarerforyears.Istoo dlookingathimasshegaveadetailedhistory.“Hashelostanyweightrecently？”Iasked，“Well，it'sfunnyyoushouldmentionthat，butyes，”shesaidslowly.Therewassilenceforafewmoments.“Why?Whatareyouworriedabout？”sheasked，Ihesitated.ShewasobviouslyveryinvolvedinhiscareanditwasonlyfairthatItoldherthet ruth.“Well，weneedtoproveit'snotcancer.”IsaidandtalkedbrieflyaboutsomeofthetestsIwasgoingtoorder. Halfanhourlater，anursecalledme:“Mr.McMahon'sdaughterbrokedown—shesaidyoutoldherhehadcancer.”Myheartsank.BythetimeIarrivedattheward，myconsultantwasalreadythere，explainingthatwestillhadtorunlotsoftestsandthatitwasbynomeansconfirmedthathehad cancer.Istoodsilentlyattheendofthebed.Myconsultantwasobviouslyangrywithmeandasw eleftMr.McMahon，sheturnedtome.“Whyonearthdidyoudothat？”sheaskedindisbelief.Ilookedatherandbitmylip.“SheaskedmewhatIwasworriedaboutandItoldher.”Isaid，hanging_my_head.“Andgivehermoretoworryabout？”repliedmyconsultant.“Youdon'tsaytheword‘cancer’untilit'sconfirmed.Evenifyoususpectit，thinkverycarefullybeforeyoutellpeople.” Asitturnedout，itwasn'tcancer.ButIdidlearnthatwhensomeoneisstressedandworriedabouttheirlovedon ethey'resometimesselectiveinwhattheyhear—andasadoctorit'simportanttobemindfulofthis.Inbeingtruthful，I'dmadethesituationworse. 原本在一位医生的心目中，诚实是第一位的；而且在工作中也是奉行诚实本分的处世原那么。可是因为一次说了不够确切的实话，却让一位病人受到了打击，这件事让这位医生得出了一个结论：诚实有时候也会出错。 1、Thepurposeofthefirsttwoparagraphsistoshowthattheauthor________. A、misunderstoodthedoctor-patientrelationship B、wasanxioustoreceiveChristmasgifts C、regardedhonestyasthebestpolicy D、hadanunhealthyeatinghabit 答案：C。作者意图题。从两个段落的第一句话，字里行间“thebest”“important”都透露出作者对于honesty的看法。 2、Theauthor'sconsultantwasangrywithhimbecause________. A、hetoldthedaughterwhathesuspected B、hedelayedrunningthenecessarytests C、hefailedtoconfirmthepatient'sdisease D、heforgotwhattheconsultanthadadvised
阅读七选五专练(一) A (2017·安徽百所重点高中二模) All of us know that a balanced diet strengthens the immune system. __1__. The following strategies will help you to jumpstart healthy eating habits. Morning must-haves Researchers at Harvard Medical School discovered that people who took daily breakfast were a third less likely to become obese (肥胖的) than those who skipped this meal. To enjoy the most benefits, the researchers recommended eating whole-grain foods for breakfast as they are rich in fiber. __2__. Main meal wisdom If you need to consume meat, choose fish instead of red meat. Studies have linked high consumption of red meat with cancers such as breast and colorectal cancer as well as heart disease mainly because red meat is very high in saturated (饱和的) fats. __3__. Food preparation __4__. As such, cooking methods such as steaming, baking, grilling, boiling or stir-frying are advised. __5__ Some people like to eat a large meal after a hard day's work. However, large meals late at night can cause indigestion that influences sleep. So it is a very good idea to have a low-calorie fiber drink just before leaving the office. It is also not a good idea to regularly have a late-night meal as this could overburden the digestive system. Remember, minor changes in our eating habits can lead to major changes in our health. A．Light nights B．Fewer night snacks C．Fish, in contrast, contains more heart-healthy fats D．Drinking bean milk supplies the body with plant protein E．Experts always suggest preparing food with as little oil as possible F．But most of us fail to obtain adequate nutrients (营养) due to our troubled lifestyles
七选五专题练习（附参考答案） 一 The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. __1__ By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. 1．Curiosity Your children need to be deeply curious. __2__ Ask kids, “ What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time？”and then try them out. Did those ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time? 2．Creativity True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. __3__ There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity. 3．Interpersonal Skills Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what's going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. __4__ “Why do you think she's crying？”“Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face？”“If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel？” 4．Self Expression __5__ There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas—music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another. A．Encourage kids to cook with you. B．And we can't forget science education. C．We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways. D．So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don't yet exist? E．Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill. F．We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories. G．Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill. 文章大意：本文为一篇说明文。就如何帮助孩子为还未存在的工作做好准备给出了很好的建议。 答案： 1．D前面提到．..have not yet been invented。既然是没被发明，接下来的应该是D项：我们应该如何帮助我们的孩子为还没存在的工作做好准备呢？
绝密★启用前 2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标全国I卷) 英语 （考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡ 19. 15. B. ￡ 9. 18. C. ￡ 9. 15. 答案是C。 1.what will James do tomorrow ? A.Watch a TV program. B.Give a talk. C.Write a report. 2.What can we say about the woman? A.She's generour. B.She's curious. C.She's helpful. 3.When does the traif leave?https://www.doczj.com/doc/bb4923090.html, A.At 6:30. B.At8:30. C.At 10:30. 4.How does the wonar sRwr?m A.By car. B.On foot. C.By bike 5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Classmates. B.Teacher and student. C.Doctor and patient. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.What does the woman regret? A.Giving up her research. B.Dropping out of college. C.Changiny her major.
2019高考英语黄冈中学二轮练习资料：阅读表达（解析） (一) (2017·天津卷) In college，Spring Break (春假) is usually associated with the beach，parties and sleepless nights，bringing about relaxation，free time and friends. Students who wish to spend their break doing something productive and rewarding，however，may choose to participate in the Alternative Break Program.It places college students in communities both at home and abroad. The Program allows students to take part in various projects dealing with issues such as literacy (识字) ，homelessness and the environment.It includes helping kids with their lessons，raising money for families in need and collecting data for environmental research. The hope is that，by getting themsevles involved in different environments，students will have the opportunity to learn about members of communities and broaden their view.In turn，they will incorporate(融合) their experiences and lessons learned into their own communities.In a word, the Program aims to encourage students to be active citizens and engage themselves in making a difference in society. In the spring of 2006，about 36,000 students in the USA participated in the Alternative Break Program. Samantha Giacobozzi，now director of the Program，has been on five alternative break trips herself，including trips to New Orleans，India and the Dominican Republic.“I was a student who went on alternative break trips and had my life totally transformed by that experience，” she said. “Every year, we meet many students who have attended the Program. You can see changes in their life that are connected with their alternative break experiences.” The Program began in 1991.Today，it has become increasingly popular with college students in the United States. 1．Who may choose to participate in the Alternative Break Program？(No more than 10 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 2．What is the aim of the Program？(No more than 15 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 3．What is the meaning of the underli ned word“transformed” in Paragraph 5？(1 word) ________________________________________________________________________ 4．What is Samantha's attitude toward the Program？(No more than 10 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 5．If you take part in the Program，which project are you interested in？And why？(No more
( 细节理解题专练(一) A (2017·衡水中学全国高三大联考) Discovering the beauty of the science and math that shape our everyday lives, an experience in WonderLab will fuel your imagination and inspire you to see the world around you in new and exciting ways. Come and enjoy yourself! What to see Spread across seven different zones, there're loads of opportunities to get hands on with real scientific phenomena. Observe live experiments at our Chemistry Bar, see lightning strike before your eyes, play with forces on giant slides or travel through space under a canopy 苍穹) of stars. You can also take part in explosive science demonstrations led by our talented team of explainers. With 50 mindblowing wonders of science to enjoy, WonderLab is an experience unlike any other. Besides, a selection of shows will be performed daily in WonderLab's beautiful new show space. They are free of charge and last 20 minutes. Tickets ◆Day pass ：￡6 per person. This ticket gives you dayl ong access to WonderLab, perfect whether you're planning a special trip to the Museum or simply passing through London and want to feed your curiosity. ◆Annual pass ：￡10 per person. For less than the price of two visits, give yourself a year packed full of wonder, curiosity and breathtaking experiences. Opening times Open seven days a week, 10：00 — 18：00 (last entry 17：15). WonderLab will be closed on December 24,25 and 26 and will be open as usual from December 27. During school holidays our opening hours are 10：00—19：00 (last entry 18： 15). Please note that in peak periods (from midday onwards) we are experiencing long queues due to the gallery's popularity. 体裁：应用文 题材：新闻广告 主题：科技展 【语篇导读】 文章介绍了 WonderLab 的活动、票价及时间安排等信息，吸引大家前去 参观游玩。 1．What can you do in WonderLab?
2018高考英语专题---短文改错 压轴题高分策略之错词 一、考点规律分析 短文改错中，错词所占比重最高，常占整篇短文改错10题中的的6个小题左右。错词的情况也最为复杂，常见的有：动词错误；名词错误；连词错误；冠词错误；形容词和副词错误；代词错误；非谓语动词常见错误；介词错误；习惯用法错误以及逻辑上的错误等。矚慫润厲钐瘗睞枥庑赖。 1. 动词的常见错误 ①一般现在时与一般过去时错用； ② and前后动词时态不一致； ③主谓不一致； ④缺少动词，特别是be动词； ⑤第三人称单数形式错用； ⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。 They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies.聞創沟燴鐺險爱氇谴净。 【答案】did改为do As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. 残骛楼諍锩瀨濟溆塹籟。 【答案】visiting改为visited 【思路分析】 通读全句可知，句子的整个时态为一般过去时，有三个并列的谓语动词，分别为fed，visiting和told。很明显，并列连词and前后的动词时态应该保持一致，所以应该把visiting改为visited。酽锕极額閉镇桧猪訣锥。 One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out.彈贸摄尔霁毙攬砖卤庑。
1.学生了解高考中名词的考查方向:可数/不可数;名词单复数;词形转换及所有格 2.学生识记常见的不可数名词 3.学生掌握名词变复数的基本规则及常见不规则变化名词 4.学生能熟练转换词形 Teaching emphasis and difficulties: 1.易考的不可数名词。 2.名词的单复数变化及其特例。 3.名词词性变化。 Teaching procedures: Part 1 感知高考 1.Finish the following exercises: (2018全国卷1)a mere five to ten minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all __________ (cause) (2017 全国卷1) This trend ...has had some unintended side __________ (effect）such as overweight and heart disease. (2018全国卷1)They had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. (2017 全国卷1) The instructor kept repeating the word “ speed up !” “ slow down!” 2.Present learning goals. Part 2 考点剖析 考点一：常见的不可数名词 1.advice 2.equipment 3.baggage/luggage 4. work(工作) 5. homework 6.housework 7.furniture 8. poetry诗歌总称 9.air 10. water 11.hair 12.knowledge https://www.doczj.com/doc/bb4923090.html,rmation 14.money 15.news 16.progress 17.traffic 18.music 19.weather 20.permission 21.behavior Exercises:单句改错 (16.全国II) If we go on a trip abroad we can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. (16.四川) Mom has a full-time job but she has to do most of the houseworks. (15.全国I) The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier
2018届高考英语二轮复习专题 mother died ____ hungry and cold Afrom,of Bof,from Cfrom,from Dofof 6 If you run ____ two hares you will catch neither Ainto Bafter Coff D out of 7 This is a mon mistake ____ students A between Bover C among D about 8 My father began to work ____ a bus driver when he was twenty years old Afor Bto Cat Das 9 _____ hearing the news, I was wild ____ joy A At, in B On, with C After, by D /, over 10I don’ t think Xiao Li is ____ the other students ____ mathematics A after, on B after, with C behind, in D behind, at 11 Nobody knows it ____ me A except for B except that C besides D but 12 The windois never opened ____ in summer A but B except C except for D but for 13 It happened ____ the Long March A during Bin Cat Dfor 14 We go to school ____ a bike Ain Bon Cby Dove 15 It’s very kind____ you to repair the bike ____ me Aforfor Bof,of Cof,forDfor,of 16 Fresh air is good ____ your health Aat Bfor Cof Dto 17The boy is waiting ____ his sister and they will go to
2018年高考英语真题专题汇编 从句 1.【2018·北京】 2. _________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone. A. Although B. While C. If D. Until 【答案】C 点睛：条件状语从句通常由引导词if或unless引导。条件是指某一件事情实现之后（状语从句中的动作），其它事情（主句中的动作）才能发生，通常译作“假如”。 2.【2018·北京】5. She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.[来源:https://www.doczj.com/doc/bb4923090.html,] A. which B. who C. as D. that 【答案】A 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于她们保持健康。“____ helps them keep fit” 是非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中做主语，故该从句应用关系代词which 引导。A选项正确。 点睛：非限制性定语从句即可修饰主句的一部分，也可以修饰整个主句。其引导词的选择和限制性定语从 句的判断规则一致，即：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。需要注意的是，that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。 3.【2018·北京】8. In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need. A. press B. to press C. pressing D. pressed 【答案】A 【解析】考查祈使句。句意：在任何不安全的情况下，仅仅摁一下这个按钮，一个训练有素的特工就会使 你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词，连接并列结构，and后面是一个句子，那么，前面也应是句子，选项中 只有动词原形可以构成祈使句，其余的都是非谓语动词，无法构成句子。故A选项正确。 点睛：祈使句+and/or+陈述句是一种常见结构。当前后两部分间为承接关系时，用and；前后意思为相反关 系时，用or。该句式中的陈述句部分常用一般将来时态。
徐老师 2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt？ A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C. 1. What will James do tomorrow？ A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report. 2. What can we say about the woman？ A. She’s generous. B. She’s curious. C. She’s helpful. 3. When does the train leave？ A. At 6：30. B. At 8：30. C. At 10：30. 第1页
4. How does the woman go to work？ A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers？ A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman regret？ A. Giving up her research. B. Dropping out of college. C. Changing her major. 7. What is the woman interested in studying now？ A. Ecology. B. Education. C. Chemistry. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the man？ A. A hotel manager. B. A tour guide. C. A taxi driver. 9. What is the man doing for the woman？ A. Looking for some local foods. B. Showing her around the seaside. C. Offering information about a hotel. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where does the conversation probably take place？ A. In an office. B. At home. C. At a restaurant. 11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening？ A. Go to a concert. B. Visit a friend. C. Work extra hours. 12. Who is Alice going to call？ A. Mike. B. Joan. C. Catherine. 第2页