第二课
参考译文
马拉喀什随笔
乔治·奥威尔
1. 一具尸体抬过，成群的苍蝇从饭馆的餐桌上一哄而起，追逐而上，几分钟后又嗡嗡地飞了回来。
2. 一支人数不多的送葬队伍——无论成人或孩子全是男性，没有女性——沿着集贸市场，迂回穿行于一堆堆石榴摊子、出租车和骆驼之间，一边走着一边反复地哀号着一曲短促的悲歌。真正吸引苍蝇成群追逐的是：这里的尸体从来都不装进棺木，只是用一块破布裹着，放在一个粗糙的木制陈尸架上，由死者的四位朋友抬着送葬。抵达安葬地后，先在地上挖出一个一两英尺深的长方形坑，随即将尸体往坑里一倒，再扔上一些像碎砖头一样的干土块。既没有墓碑，也没有留名，更没有任何身份标识。安葬地不过是一片巨大的土丘林立的荒原，恰似一块废弃的建筑工地。一两个月之后，谁也说不准自己的亲人究竟葬在何处。
3. 当你徒步经过这样的城镇——20万当地居民当中，至少有两万人除了一身聊以蔽体的破衣烂裳外，一无所有——当你看到那些人何以生存，又何以轻易地死去时，你永远难以相信自己是在人类当中穿行。事实上，这是所有殖民帝国赖以建立的基础。这里的人都有一张褐色的脸——而且，他们人数众多！他们果真和你一样同属人类吗？他们也有名有姓吗？或许他们只是像一群群彼此之间难以区分的蜜蜂或珊瑚虫一样的东西。他们生于土地，受苦受累，忍饥挨饿地过上几年，然后就被埋到无名的小坟丘下。没有人会注意到他们的离去，甚至那些小坟丘本身也会很快地夷为平地。有时，当你外出散步，穿过仙人掌丛时，你会感觉到脚下特别的凸凹不平，只有那起伏凹凸的固定形状使你意识到脚下踩的正是死人的骷髅。
4. 我正在公园里给一只瞪羚喂食。
5. 瞪羚几乎是唯一一种在存活时看上去能让人食欲大开的动物。实际上，人们光看到它的两条后腿就会联想到薄荷酱。我正在喂着的这只瞪羚似乎已看出了我的心思，尽管它在吃我手上递出去的面包，但显然对我并没什么好感。它迅速地咬了一小口面包，然后低下头，试图用脑袋顶我，然后又咬一口面包，又顶了一次。它大概以为：如果把我赶走，面包仍能悬在半空当中。
6. 一个正在附近小道上干活的阿拉伯民工放下笨重的锄头，羞怯地侧着身子慢慢向我们走过来。他诧异地看看瞪羚，又看看面包，看看面包，又看看瞪羚，好像他从未见过这样的情景。最终，他怯生生地用法语说：“我能吃点那面包就好了。”
7. 我撕下一块面包给他，他充满感激地把它藏到破衣裳贴身的地方。这个人是市政当局的一名雇工。
8. 当你经过犹太人居住区时，你就会了解中世纪的犹大人区大概是什么样子。在摩尔人的统治下，犹太人只可以在几个规定的区域内拥有土地，而且经过几个世纪的如此待遇之后，犹太人已经不再为拥挤不堪烦扰了。这儿的许多街道远不足6英尺宽；房屋完全没有窗户；眼睛红肿的孩子成群结队，四处可见，多得像一群群的苍蝇，令入难以置信。沿着街心常常尿流成河。
9. 在集市里，一大家子的犹大人都身着黑色长袍，头戴黑色瓜皮帽，在看起来像洞穴一般暗淡、苍蝇麋集的货摊里干活。一个木工双腿交叉坐在一架最原始的车床旁，正以飞快的速度旋制着椅子腿。他右手握弓开动车床，左脚引动旋刀。由于一辈子都保持这样的坐姿，他的左腿已经弯曲变形。旁边坐着他年仅六岁的小孙子，竟已开始帮着做些简单的活计了。
10. 我正要走过一家铜匠铺子，突然有人注意到我正在点一支香烟。刹那间，大批疯狂的犹太人从四面八方阴暗的洞穴里窜了出来。其中有很多胡子花白的老人，他们都叫喊着，要讨支香烟抽抽。甚至一位盲人听见讨烟抽的叫喊声后，也从铺子后面爬了出来，用手在空中摸索着。大约一分钟光景，我那一整包香烟就全分完了。我想这些人中，没有谁一天工作会少于12小时，可是他们每个人都把支香烟看成是一件十分难得的奢侈品。
11. 由于犹太人生活在一个自给自足的社区里，除了农业外，他们与阿拉伯人从事一样的行业。他们当中有水果贩、陶工、银匠、铁匠、屠夫、皮匠、裁缝、运水工、乞丐、脚夫——横看竖看，皆是犹太人。事实上，有13,000名犹大人都居住在这块仅几英亩大的土地上。幸运的是，希特勒并未光顾这里。但是，也许他曾经准备来的。你不仅能从阿拉伯人那里，而且还能从较为贫穷的欧洲人那里，听说有关犹太人的不利传言。
12. “是这样啊，我的老兄，他们把我的饭碗夺走，给了犹太人。这些犹太人！他们才是这个国家真正的主宰，知道吗？所有的钱被他们赚了。银行、财政———切都被他们控制了。”
13. “但是，”我说道，“大多数普通犹太人不也是为了大约一小时一便士的微薄工钱而辛勤工作的苦力吗？”
14. “噢！那不过是做做样子而已。他们其实都是惯于放债的高利贷者。奸诈得很，这些犹太人。”
15. 与此极其相仿的是，几百年前，常有些苦命的老太婆因耍巫术被活活烧死。但事实上，她们耍的巫术连一顿像样的饭菜钱都挣不到。
16. 所有靠自己双手劳动的人一般都不太引人注目，他们所干的活越是重要，就越不引人注目。然而，白皮肤总是比较显眼的。在北欧，当你看到一个农民在耕地，你可能会多看他一眼。而在一个热带国家，直布罗陀以南或者苏伊士运河以东，你很可能甚至连耕地的人都看不到。这种情况我已经注意到多次了。在热带地区，一切自然景色可以尽收眼底，唯独看不到人。人们可以看到干巴巴的土地、仙人掌、棕榈树，还有远处的群山，但往往遗漏了在地里锄地的农夫，其肤色与土壤的颜色一样，却远不及土壤中看。
17. 正因为此，被贫困所困扰的亚非国家反倒成了旅游胜地。没有人会想组织游客去贫民窟去旅游，尽管费用低廉。但在那些居住着褐色皮肤人群的地方，他们的贫困却完全无人注意。摩洛哥对法国人而言意味着什么呢？无非是一片橘园或者一份政府部门的差事。对于英国人呢？不过是骆驼、城堡、棕榈树、外国军团、黄铜托盘和土匪。就算在那儿居住多年的人们也有可能不曾注意到：对于当地百分之九十的居民而言，生活是一场为了从贫瘠的土地上榨出一点点食物而进行的永无停息、艰苦卓绝的抗争。
18. 摩洛哥的土地大部分荒无人烟，在此能够存活的野生动物，最大者莫过野兔。大片曾被森林覆盖着的土地已变成寸草不生的荒野，土壤如同碎砖头一般。尽管如此，大片的土地仍被开垦了出来，其劳动强度十分惊人。这里所有的活儿都是手工完成的。排着长队的女人们弯着腰，像一个个倒过来的大写字母“L”一样，一面沿着田野慢慢往前走，一面用手拔掉带刺的野草。农民们在采集紫花苜蓿作牲口饲料时，不是用镰刀去割，而是用手一株株地拔起。这样收割的结果，一两英寸长的苜蓿根茎就不至于被浪费掉。这里的犁是木制的蹩脚货，完全不结实，一个人可以轻而易举地将其扛在肩上。犁的底部装着一个粗糙的铁叉，它可以翻地约四英寸深，这与拉犁牲口的力量旗鼓相当。通常是将一头牛和一头驴子套在一起拉犁。这是因为两头驴子拉不动，若改用两头牛的话，耗费的饲料会更多。农民们没有耙地用的耙，他们只是顺着不同的方向将地犁上几遍，弄出一道道不平的垄沟来，然后再用锄头把整块的地整理成一块块长方形小畦，用以蓄水。除了较为罕见的暴雨之后那一两天之外，其余时间这里都缺水。农民们沿着田边挖出一道道深达30或40英尺的沟渠，以便把深层土壤的涓涓细流汇聚起来。
19. 每天下午都有一队年老的妇人背着柴禾从我家门口的那条路上走过。她们由于上了年纪而叉饱经日晒，一个个变得像木乃伊似的干瘪，身驱是那么瘦小。在原始社会，妇女到了一定年龄后，身材通常会缩成孩子般大小。一天，一个身高不过四英尺的可怜妇人背着老大的一捆柴禾从我身边蹒跚而过。我拦住她，往她手中塞了一枚面值五个苏的钱币（略多于四分之一便士）。她的反应竟是一声近乎尖叫的惊呼，这喊叫部分是出于感激，但主要却是出于惊诧。我想，在她看来，我居然会注意到她，似乎是违反了自然法则。她业已接受了自己作为老妪的地位，也就是驮畜的地位。每当一家人出行时，通常可以看到父亲和已成年的儿子骑着驴子走在前面，而老妪则背着行囊步行尾随其后。
20. 然而，这些人的奇特就在于她们无影无形。好几个星期以来，每天几乎在同一个时间，这一队老妪背驮着柴禾在我房前蹒跚而过。尽管这一幕已映人了我的眼帘，但我仍然不能说果真看到了她们。成捆的柴禾从屋外缓慢掠过——这就是我所目睹到的。直到有一天我碰巧走在她们身后，一捆柴禾奇异地时上时下起伏着，我才注意到柴禾之下的人。这时我才第一次看到那些肤色如土、可怜的老妪的躯体，枯瘦得只剩皮包骨头、被沉重的负荷压得弯腰驼背的躯体。然而，我踏上摩洛哥国土还不到五分钟就注意到驴子的负荷过重，并为此感到愤怒。毫无疑问，这里的驴子受到了虐待。摩洛哥的驴子几乎和圣伯纳德救护大一样大小，可它驮负的货物重量在英国军队里让一头高约五英尺的大骡子来驮都嫌重，而且，它常常是一连几个星期都不卸驮鞍。尤其可怜的是，摩洛哥驴子是世界上最温顺的动物，如同狗一样听从主人的吩咐，不需要马勒或缰绳。拼命工作十几年后，它便猝然倒地死去，这时主人便把它随便扔进沟里，尸骨未寒，其五脏六腑早已被村子里的狗扒出来吃掉。
21. 这类事情令人义愤填膺。然而，总体而言，人的苦难却没有引起同样的反响。我并不是在乱发议论，而只是在指出一个事实：褐色人近乎无影无形。人人都会同情一头脊背磨伤的驴子，但若要注意到柴禾堆下的老妪，只能是因为某种偶然。
22. 白鹳展翅北飞时，黑人正行军南下——一列长长的、满面灰尘的行军队伍，步兵，炮兵，接着是人数更多的步兵，总共有四五千人，正靴声橐橐、车声辚辚地蜿蜒前进。
23. 他们是塞内加尔人，是非洲肤色最黑的黑人，黑得有时让人难以看清他们颈项上的毛发从何而生。他们健硕的身体上穿着旧的卡其布制服，脚上套着一双看上去像木板似的靴子，头上戴着码子似乎小一两号的的钢盔。天气炎热，这些黑人长途行军，已经疲惫不堪，背着沉重的行李，好奇敏感的脸颊上汗水闪闪发光。
24. 他们正走过时，一个身材高大、年纪很轻的黑人转过头，和我的目光相遇。他的神情完全出乎我的意料，既不带敌意，也不含轻蔑，更不是愠怒，甚至连好奇都不是。那是一种腼腆的、瞪圆双眼的黑人的目光，实际上就是一种表示深厚敬意的目光。我了解这种情况。这个可怜的小伙子，因为成了法国公民，所以被从森林里抓了壮丁送到军队驻扎的城镇去擦洗地板，后来染上了梅毒。事实上他对白种人充满敬意。别人给他灌输白人是主子的思想，他对此一直深信不疑。
25. 然而，无论哪个白人（哪怕是那些自称是社会主义者的人）在看到这群黑人军队从身边行军而过时，心中总会冒出这样一种想法：“我们还能继续愚弄这些人多久？他们倒戈还要多久？”
26. 真是怪有意思的，在场的每一个白人心里都潜藏着这种想法。我有，其他旁观者有；骑在汗涔涔的战马上的军官们有；走在行军队伍中的白人军士们也有。这个秘密，大家都明白，心照不宣；唯有那些黑人尚不知晓。的确，看到这列长达一两英里的队伍毫无言语地静静向前行进，就好像在观看一群被放牧的牛羊，而那掠过他们头顶的大自鹳正朝着相反的方向飞去，恰似一片片碎纸在空中泛着点点银光。
（选自卡罗琳什罗茨、克利福德·A·约瑟夫森及詹姆士·R·威尔逊合编的《修辞读物》）
高级英语第三版第一册课后英译汉答案 Unit1Paraphrase: 1.We’re23feet above sea level. 2.The house has been here since1915,andno hurricane has ever caused any damag e to it. 3.We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage. 4.Water got into the generator and put it out.It stopped producing electricity,so the lights also went out. 5.Everybody goes out through the back door and runs to the cars! 6.The electrical systems in the car(the battery for the starter)had been put out by w ater. 7.As John watched the water inch its way up the steps,he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee i nland. 8.Oh God,please help us to get through this storm safely 9.Grandmother Koshak sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew di mmer and finally stopped. 10.Janis displayed the fear caused by the hurricanerather late. 1.每架飞机起飞之前必须经过严格的检查。（check out） Each and every airplane must be checked out thoroughly before taking off. 2.居民坚决反对在附近建立垃圾焚烧厂，因为他们担心工厂排放的气体会污染周围的空气。（waste incineration plant,concerned about） The residents were firmly against the construction of a waste incineration plant in th eir neighborhood because they were deeply concerned about the air pollution emitt ed by the plant. 3.在这个地区，生态工程的投资额高达数十亿。（mount to） In this area,investment in ecological projects mounted up to billions of yuan. 4.干枯的河道里布满了大大小小的石块。（strewn with） The dry riverbed was strewn with rocks of all sizes. 5.虽然战争给这个国家造成巨大的损失，但当地的文化传统并没有消亡。（perish）Although war caused great losses to this country,its local cultural traditi ons did not perish. 6.为了建筑现代化的高楼大厦，许多古老的、具有民族特色的建筑都被拆毁了。（demolish） To make space for modern high rises,a lot of ancient buildings with ethnic cultural fe atures had to be demolished. 7.在地震中多数质量差的房子的主体结构都散架了。（disintegrate） The main structures of most of the poor-quality houses disintegrated in the earthqua ke. 8.他为实现自己的目标付出了最大的努力，但最后美好的梦想还是化为了泡影。
Lesson 1 1．And it is an activity only of humans. And it is a human unique activity． 2．Conversation is not for making a point. Conversation is not to convince others． 3．In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are prepared to be lose. In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are willing to be lose. 4.Bar friends are not deeply involved in each other’s lives. Bar friends are not deeply concerned with each other’s private lives. 5....it could still go ignorantly on... The conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong． 6. There are cattle in the field, but we sit down to beef. These animals are called cattle in English, when they are alive and feeding in the fields；but when we sit down at the table to eat, we call their meat beef in French． 7. The new ruling class had built a cultural barrier against him by building their French against his own language. The new ruling class had caused the cultural contradictions between the ruling class and native English by regarding French superior to English. 8.English had come royally into its own. English had gained recognition by the King． 9．The phrase has always been used a little pejoratively and even facetiously by the lower classes. The phrase, the king’s English has always been used disrespectfully and made fun by the lower classes. 10. The rebellion against a cultural dominance is still there. There is still opposition to cultural monopoly. 11. There is always a great danger that “words will harden into things for us” We tend to make the mistake that we regard the things as they represent. 12. Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips and slides in conversation. Even the most educated and literated people will not always use the formal English in their conversation．Lesson 2 1. The burying--ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. The burying-ground is just a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth, looking like a deserted construction land. 2.All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact. All colonial empires are built by exploiting the local people. 3. They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard. They are born. Then they work hard without enough food for a few years. Finally they die and are buried in the hills graves without any mark to identify them. 4. A carpenter sits crosslegged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lighting speed. A carpenter sits crossing his legs at an old-fashioned lathe, making round chair-legs very fast. 5. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews. Immediately, Jews rushed out of their dark hole-like rooms nearby in a frenzy madness. 6.every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less impossible luxury. Every one of these Jews considers the cigarette as a somewhat piece of luxury which they can not possibly afford. 7. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous. However, a white-skinned European is easy to notice in a fair way. 8. In a tropical landscape one’s eye takes in everything except the human being. Against the background of a tropical landscape, people could notice everything but they cannot see local people. 9. No one would think of running cheap trips to the Distressed Areas No one would propose the cheap trips to the slums． 10．...for nine-tenths of the people the reality of life is an endless, back-breaking struggle to wring a little food out of an eroded soil. The real life of nine-tenths of the people is that there is no end to their extremely hard work in order to get a little food from an eroded soil． 11. She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast of burden. She took it for granted that as an old woman she should work like an animal． 12.People with brown skins are next door to invisible. People who have brown skins are almost invisible． 13. Their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms... The soldiers wore second—hand khaki uniforms which covered their beautiful well—built bodies． 14. How long before they turn their guns in the other direction? How long will it take for them to attack us? 15. Every white man there had this thought stowed somewhere or other in his mind. It is certain that every white man realized this. Lesson3
（暗喻） 1)Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans. 2) .. those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside. 3) But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. 4)And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house. 5)..we renew our pledge of support: to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective to strengthen its shield f the new and the weak. 6)And if A beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicion. 7)The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world （对照） A)United there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative venture Divided, there is little we can do. 2)If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us. And So, my fellow Americans; ask not what your country can do for you;ask you can do for your country. （排比） 1)..that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by hard and biter peace, proud of our ancient heritage, and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed.
On Getting Off to Sleep by J.B. Priestley 课后练习(Exercises on the text) A. 1. The author thinks that humor: can save grace of us and weshould die of vexation without it. 2.Yea. 3.No. . 4. No. 5. No. 6. The author thinks that the matter of sleep can best illustrate the contrariness of things. 7. He can do anything but sleep when he lies between the sheets at a late hour. 8. The author thinks that the best way of inducing sleep is to imagine a dialogue with a friend, whose task ,without anything like fancy and wit, is boring. B. 1．人是一个矛盾的集合体！ 2．我们的思想和头脑中的意象是完全有形的东西。 3．我过去常常怀着惊奇的心情去读那些吹捧好战的超人的故事…… 4．人为的催眠法有很多，但都不灵。 5．当她的大脑对这种单调的生活感到厌倦时，睡眠自然就会来。 6．她最喜欢的方法就是想象一幅画在墙上没挂正，她去把它弄正。 7．但是我还没有放弃寻找加快睡眠的方法。 8. 今天晚上，我就要抛弃诸如数跳羊和扶歪画之类的想象。 C. 1. clenched 2. refreshed 3. straighten 4. remonstrated 5. of no avail 6. eventual 7. meditated 8. inhuman D. 1. contradiction 2. dim 3. tormented
第三课酒肆闲聊与标准英语 1人类的一切活动中，只有闲谈最宜于增进友谊，而且是人类特有的一种活动。动物之间的信息交流，不论其方式何等复杂，也是称不上交谈的。 2闲谈的引人人胜之处就在于它没有一个事先定好的话题。它时而迂回流淌，时而奔腾起伏，时而火花四射，时而热情洋溢，话题最终会扯到什么地方去谁也拿不准。要是有人觉得“有些话要说”，那定会大煞风景，使闲聊无趣。闲聊不是为了进行争论。闲聊中常常会有争论，不过其目的并不是为了说服对方。闲聊之中是不存在什么输赢胜负的。事实上，真正善于闲聊的人往往是随时准备让步的。也许他们偶然间会觉得该把自己最得意的奇闻轶事选出一件插进来讲一讲，但一转眼大家已谈到别处去了，插话的机会随之而失，他们也就听之任之。 3或许是由于我从小混迹于英国小酒馆的缘故吧，我觉得酒瞎里的闲聊别有韵味。酒馆里的朋友对别人的生活毫无了解，他们只是临时凑到一起来的，彼此并无深交。他们之中也许有人面临婚因破裂，或恋爱失败，或碰到别的什么不顺心的事儿，但别人根本不管这些。他们就像大仲马笔下的三个火枪手一样，虽然日夕相处，却从不过问彼此的私事，也不去揣摸别人内心的秘密。 4有一天晚上的情形正是这样。人们正漫无边际地东扯西拉，从最普通的凡人俗事谈到有关木星的科学趣闻。谈了半天也没有一个中心话题，事实上也不需要有一个中心话题。可突然间大伙儿的话题都集中到了一处，中心话题奇迹般地出现了。我记不起她那句话是在什么情况下说出来的——她显然不是预先想好把那句话带到酒馆里来说的，那也不是什么非说不可的要紧话——我只知道她那句话是随着大伙儿的话题十分自然地脱口而出的。 5“几天前，我听到一个人说…标准英语?这个词语是带贬义的批评用语，指的是人们应该尽量避免使用的英语。” 6此语一出，谈话立即热烈起来。有人赞成，也有人怒斥，还有人则不以为然。最后，当然少不了要像处理所有这种场合下的意见分歧一样，由大家说定次日一早去查证一下。于是，问题便解决了。不过，酒馆闲聊并不需要解决什么问题，大伙儿仍旧可以糊里糊涂地继续闲扯下去。 7告诉她“标准英语”应作那种解释的原来是个澳大利亚人。得悉此情，有些人便说起刻薄话来了，说什么囚犯的子孙这样说倒也不足为怪。这样，在五分钟内，大家便像到澳大利亚游览了一趟。在那样的社会里，“标准英语”自然是不受欢迎的。每当上流社会想给“规范英语”制订一些条条框框时，总会遭到下层人民的抵制。 8看看撒克逊农民与征服他们的诺曼底统治者之间的语言隔阂吧。于是话题又从19世纪的澳大利亚囚犯转到12世纪的英国农民。谁对谁错，并没有关系。闲聊依旧热火朝天。 9有人举出了一个人所共知，但仍值得提出来发人深思的例子。我们谈到饭桌上的肉食时用法语词，而谈到提供这些肉食的牲畜时则用盎格鲁一撒克逊词。猪圈里的活猪叫pig，饭桌上吃的猪肉便成了pork(来自法语pore)；地里放牧着的牛叫cattle，席上吃的牛肉则叫beef(来自法语boeuf)；Chicken用作肉食时变成poultry(来自法语poulet)；calf加工成肉则变成veal(来自法语vcau)。即便我们的菜单没有为了装洋耍派头而写成法语，我们所用的英语仍然是诺曼底式的英语。这一切向我们昭示了诺曼底人征服之后英国文化上所存在的深刻的阶级裂痕。 10撒克逊农民种地养畜，自己出产的肉自己却吃不起，全都送上了诺曼底
大学高级英语第一册第11课译文及课后答案： 篇一：高级英语第一册课后答案 Lesson 1 The Middle Eastern Bazaar I． 1)A bazaar is a market or street of shops and stands in Oriental countries．Such bazaars are likely to be found in Afghanistan，the Arabian Peninsula，Cyprus，Asiatic Turkey and Egypt． 2)The bazaar includes many markets：cloth—market，copper—smiths’market．carpet—market，food—market，dye—market，pottery —market，carpenters’market，etc．They represent the backward feudal economy． 3)A blind man could know which part 0f the bazaar he was in by his senses of smell and hearing．Different odours and sounds can give him some ideas about the various parts 0f the bazaar． 4)Because the earthen floor，beaten hard by countless feet，deadens the sound of footsteps，and the vaulted mudbrick walls and roof have hardly and sounds to echo. The shop-keepers also speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers follow suit. 5)The place where people make linseed oil seems the most picturesque in the bazaar. The backwardness of their extracting oil
高英课内考点：第一课：Paraphrase 1、we’re elevated 23 feet. Our house is 23 feet above sea level. 2、The place has been here since 1915,and no hurricane has ever bothered it. The house was built in 1915,and since then no hurricane has done any damage to it. 3、We can batten down and ride it out. We can make the necessary preparation and survive the hurricane without much damage. 4、The generator was doused,and the lights went out. Water got into the generator,it stopped working.As a result all lights were put out. 5、Everybody out the back door to the cars! Everyone go out through the back door and get into the cars! 6、The electrical systems had been killed by water.
The electrical systems in the cars had been destroyed by water. 7、John watched the water lap at the steps,and felt a crushing guilt. As John watched the water inch its way up the steps,he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the family by making the wrong decision not to flee inland. 8、Get us through this mess,will You? Oh,God,please help us to get through this dangerous situation. 9、She carried on alone for a few bars;then her voice trailed away. She sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew dimmer and stopped. 10、Janis had just one delayed reaction. Janis didn’t show any fear on the spot during the storm,but she revealed her feelings caused by the storm a few nights after the hurricane by getting up in the middle of the night and crying softly. 英译汉： 1、But,like thousands of others in the coastal communities,John was reluctant to abandon his home unless the family----his wife,Janis,and their seven children,aged 3 to 11---was clearly endangered.
第二课 广岛——日本“最有活力”的城市 (节选) 雅各?丹瓦“广岛到了!大家请下车!”当世界上最快的高速列车减速驶进广岛车站并渐渐停稳时，那位身着日本火车站站长制服的男人口中喊出的一定是这样的话。我其实并没有听懂他在说些什么，一是因为他是用日语喊的，其次，则是因为我当时心情沉重，喉咙哽噎，忧思万缕，几乎顾不上去管那日本铁路官员说些什么。踏上这块土地，呼吸着广岛的空气，对我来说这行动本身已是一个令人激动的经历，其意义远远超过我以往所进行的任何一次旅行或采访活动。难道我不就是在犯罪现场吗? 这儿的日本人看来倒没有我这样的忧伤情绪。从车站外的人行道上看去，这儿的一切似乎都与日本其他城市没什么两样。身着和服的小姑娘和上了年纪的太太与西装打扮的少年和妇女摩肩接踵；神情严肃的男人们对周围的人群似乎视而不见，只顾着相互交淡，并不停地点头弯腰，互致问候：“多么阿里伽多戈扎伊马嘶。”还有人在使用杂货铺和烟草店门前挂着的小巧的红色电话通话。 “嗨!嗨!”出租汽车司机一看见旅客，就砰地打开车门，这样打着招呼。“嗨”，或者某个发音近似“嗨”的什么词，意思是“对”或“是”。“能送我到市政厅吗?”司机对着后视镜冲我一笑，又连声“嗨!”“嗨!”出租车穿过广岛市区狭窄的街巷全速奔驰，我们的身子随着司机手中方向盘的一次次急转而前俯后仰，东倒西歪。与此同时，这
座曾惨遭劫难的城市的高楼大厦则一座座地从我们身边飞掠而过。 正当我开始觉得路程太长时，汽车嘎地一声停了下来，司机下车去向警察问路。就像东京的情形一样，广岛的出租车司机对他们所在的城市往往不太熟悉，但因为怕在外国人面前丢脸，却又从不肯承认这一点。无论乘客指定的目的地在哪里，他们都毫不犹豫地应承下来，根本不考虑自己要花多长时间才能找到目的地。 这段小插曲后来终于结束了，我也就不知不觉地突然来到了宏伟的市政厅大楼前。当我出示了市长应我的采访要求而发送的请柬后，市政厅接待人员向我深深地鞠了一躬，然后声调悠扬地长叹了一口气。 “不是这儿，先生，”他用英语说道。“市长邀请您今天晚上同其他外宾一起在水上餐厅赴宴。您看，就是这儿。”他边说边为我在请柬背面勾划出了一张简略的示意图。 幸亏有了他画的图，我才找到一辆出租车把我直接送到了运河堤岸，那儿停泊着一艘顶篷颇像一般日本房屋屋顶的大游艇。由于地价过于昂贵，日本人便把传统日本式房屋建到了船上。漂浮在水面上的旧式日本小屋夹在一座座灰黄色摩天大楼之间，这一引人注目的景观正象征着和服与超短裙之间持续不断的斗争。 在水上餐厅的门口，一位身着和服、面色如玉、风姿绰约的迎宾女郎告诉我要脱鞋进屋。于是我便脱下鞋子，走进这座水上小屋里的一个低矮的房间，蹑手蹑脚地踏在柔软的榻榻米地席上，因想到要这样穿着袜子去见广岛市长而感到十分困窘不安。
1.Metaphor（暗喻） 1)Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans. 2) .. those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside. 3) But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. 4)And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house. 5)..we renew our pledge of support: to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective to strengthen its shield f the new and the weak. 6)And if A beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicion. 7)The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world 2.Antithesis（对照） A)United there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative venture Divided, there is little we can do. 2)If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us. And So, my fellow Americans; ask not what your country can do for you;ask you can do for your country. 3.Parallelism（排比） 1)..that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by hard and biter peace, proud of our ancient heritage, and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed. 2)Together let us explore the stars, conquer the-deserts, eradicate disease, tap the ocean depths and encourage the arts and commerce. 3) .. a struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease and war itself.
Lesson 1The Middle Eastern Bazaar 1)一条蜿蜒的小路淹没在树荫深处 2)集市上有许多小摊子，出售的货物应有尽有 3)我真不知道到底是什么事让他如此生气。 4)新出土的铜花瓶造型优美，刻有精细、复杂的传统图案。 5)在山的那边是一望无际的大草原。 6)他们决定买那座带有汽车房的房子。 7）教师们坚持对学生严格要求。 8）这个小女孩非常喜欢他的父亲。 9）为实现四个现代化，我们认为有必要学习外国的先进科学技术。 10）黄昏临近时，天渐渐地暗下来了。 11）徒工仔细地观察他的师傅，然后照着干。 12）吃完饭弗兰克常常帮助洗餐具。Frank often took a hand in the washing-up after dinner. Lesson 2 Hiroshima-the Livest city in Japan 1)礼堂里一个人都没有，会议一定是延期了。 2)那本书看上去很像个盒子。
3)四川话和湖北话很相似，有时很难区别。 4)一看见纪念碑就想起了在战斗中死去的好友。 5)他陷入沉思之中，没有例会同伴们在谈些什么。 6)他干的事与她毫无关系。 7)她睡不着觉，女儿的病使她心事重重。 8)这件事长期以来一直使我放心不下。 9)他喜欢这些聚会，喜欢与年轻人交往并就各种问题交换意见。 10)大家在几分钟以后才领悟他话中的含义。 11)土壤散发着青草的气味。 12)我可以占用你几分钟时间吗？ 13)你能匀出一张票子给我吗？ 14)那个回头发上了年纪的人是铜匠。 Lesson 4 Everyday Use for your grandmama 1.一场大火把贫民区三百多座房子夷为平地。 2.只要你为人正直，不怕失去什么，那你对任何人都不会畏惧。
高级英语第1册修辞练习第3版 Point the rhetorical devices used in the following sentences Lesson 1 1.We can batten down and ride it out. (Metaphor ) 2.Wind and rain now whipped the house. ( Metaphor ) 3.Stay away from the windows. (Elliptical sentence ) 4.--- the rain seemingly driven right through the walls. ( Simile) 5.At 8:30, power failed. (Metaphor ) 6.Everybody out the back door to the cars. (Elliptical sentence ) 7.The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. ( Simile ) 8…the electrical systems had been killed by water.( metaphor ) 9.Everybody on the stairs. ( elliptical sentence) 10.The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. ( simile ) 11. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet though the air. ( personification ) 12…it seized a 600,000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles away. ( personification ) 13.Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.( simile ) 14.Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point. ( Transferred epithet ) 15. Up the stairs --- into our bedroom. ( Elliptical sentence ) 16.The world seemed to be breaking apart. ( Simile ) 17. Water inched its way up the steps as first floor outside walls collapsed. (Metaphor ) 18.Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees.. (Metaphor ) 19…and blown-down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the road.( simile ) 20…household and medical supplies streamed in by plane, train, truck and car. (metaphor ) 21.Camille, meanwhile, had raked its way northward across Mississippi, dropped more than 28 inches of rain into West.( metaphor ) Lesson2 1 Hiroshima—the”Liveliest”City in Japan.—irovy 2 That must be what the man in the Japanese stationmaster’s uniform shouted,as the fastest train in the world slipped to a stop in Hiroshima Station.—alliteration 3 And secondly.because I had a lump in my throat and a lot of sad thoughts on my mind that had little to do with anything in Nippon railways official might say.—metaphor 4 Was I not at the scene of crime?—rhetorical question 5 The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt.—synecdoche,metonymy