一、汉译英
原文:The recent developmentof various methods of modulation such as PCM and PPM which exchange bandwidth for signal-to-noise ratio has intensified the interest in a general theory of communication.
译文:各种调制方法，如PCM和PPM，能够完成带宽与信噪比的交换，它们的发展增强了通信理论的重要性。
原文:A basis for such a theory is contained in the important papers of Nyquist and Hartley on the subject.
译文:在本学科，Nyquist和Hartley的重要论文中包含了这种理论的基础。
原文:In this paper we will extend the theory to include a number of new factor, in particular the effect of noise in the channel, and the savings possible due to the statistical structure of the original message and due to the nature of the final destination of information.
译文:在本文中，我们将这些理论进行扩展，包括许多新的因素，尤其是信道中噪声的影响，以及可能由于原始信息的统计结构和信宿的特性所导致的信息存储。
原文:The fundamental problem of communication is that of reproducing at one point either exactly or approximately a message selected at another point.
译文:通信的基本问题是如何在一点精确或近似的再生来自另一点的消息。
原文: Frequently the messages have meaning, that is they refer to or are correlated according to some system with certain physical or conceptual entities.
译文:消息通常有具体含义，按照一定的物理或概念实体，其含义与这些系统相互关联。
原文:These semantic aspects of communication are irrelevant to the engineering problem. A significant aspect is that the actual message is one selected from a set of possible messages.
译文:这些通信的语义方面与工程问题不相干。一个重要的方面是那个实际的消息是从一组可能的消息中选出来的。
原文:The system must be designed to operate for each possible selection, not just the one which will actually be chosen since this is unknown at the time of design.
译文:系统必须被设计成为每个可能的选择进行运行，而不仅仅是那个实际上将被抽中的，因为这在设计时是未知的。
原文:If the number of messages in the set is finite then this number or any monotonic function of the number can be regarded as a measure of the information produced when one message is chosen from the set, all choices being equally like.
译文:如果集合中消息的数量是有限的，那么当一个消息被从所有的选择是等概的集合中抽出时，这个数或这个数的任何单调函数可被认为是信息的度量。
原文:As was pointed out by Hartley the most natural choice is the logarithmic function.
译文:如Hartley所指出的，最自然的选择是个对数函数。
原文: Although this definition must be generalized considerably when we consider the influence of the statistics of the message and when we have a continuous range of messages, we will in all cases use an essentially logarithmic measure.
译文:当考虑到这个消息统计的改变并且已知信息的连续范围，尽管这个定义必须相当广义，但不论什么情况下本质上我们都将使用对数测量。
原文:The logarithmic measure is more convenient for various reasons:
1.It is practically more useful. Parameters of engineering importance such as time, bandwidth, the number of relays,etc.,tend to vary linearly with the logarithm of the number of possibilities.
译文:对数度量非常方便，理由如下：
1.对数度量在实践中应用广泛。工程的重要参数随数据概率的对数而线性改变。如时间、带宽、继电器数，等等。
原文:For example, adding one relay to a group doubles the number of possible states of the relays. It adds 1 to the base 2 logarithm of this number. Doubling the time roughly squares the number of possible messages, or doubles the logarithm, etc.
译文:例如，加一个继电器到一个组中会使继电器组的可能状态的数量翻倍。因为增加了1到这个以2为底的数的对数。时间翻倍大约是消息概率的平方，或对数翻倍，等等。
原文:2. It is nearer to our intuitive feeling as to the proper measure. This is closely related to (1) since we intuitively measures entities by linear comparison with common standards.
译文:2.对数更接近我们本身的直观感受。这与（1）紧密相关，由于相比于通用标准我们是线性直观地测量实体对象。
原文:One feels,for example,that two punched cards should have twice the capacity of one for information storage, and two identical channels twice the capacity of one for transmitting information.
译文:这是一种感觉，例如，两张穿孔卡片比一张具有有两倍信息贮存量，以及两个单一信道比起单信道具有两倍的传输信息容量。
原文:3.It is mathematically more suitable. Many of the limiting operations are simple in terms of the logarithm but would require clumsy restatement in terms of the number of possibilities.
译文:3.它在数学上更合适。许多受限操作在对数上是简单的，然而是数的概率需要笨拙的描述。
二、汉译英（网上只找到了中文，大家自己拖到网上用软件翻译吧）
微电子学主要是使常规电路微型化。比如一个运算放大器，包括许多彼此互连的分立器件，有二极管，电阻，象这样一个完整的电路，可以制作在一个很小的基片上。这个完整的微型化的电路就称之为集成电路（IC）
IC体积小，重量轻，坚固耐用，稳定可靠。它们比同等宏观电路（分立元件电路）需要更少的功耗和更低的电压。因此，它们可以工作在更低的温度下，而在这种温度下，分立器件可能都不能正常工作，因为温度没有达到正常工作温度范围。相应地，几乎不会产生寄生电容和延时，因为在IC中，器件之间地互联非常短。维护起来跟简单，因为，如果在一个IC 里边地器件坏了，通常用一个新的IC来替换坏的。表面技术的大规模生产技术已经降低了
许多IC的成本，因此，它们就跟单个晶体管一样便宜。最后的结果就是，大部分常用的分立器件电路被IC所取代。
大多数的电路都是由有源器件组成，比如，晶体管、二极管，还有电阻和电容，电阻起偏置、集电极负载以及阻抗变换的作用，电容起隔直通交的作用。每一个器件能够被制作在一个适合于IC的形状里边，这种形状是有限制的，比如，电容就不能太大。一些器件，像电感或大的电容，制作在一个合适的形状里边就很困难。通常，一些可以替代的电路形式可以被设计，可以去掉以上那些不宜集成的器件，否则这些器件只能作为集总元件放在IC的外部。
专业英语词汇 Unit 1TEXT A ： Chemical Reactions and Group Reactions customary a. 通常的，惯例的 handle n.柄vt.触摸 handling n.处理，管理 derive vt.取得，得到，衍生 oxidate vt.使氧化oxidation n. satisfactory a.令人满意的，符合要求的 rapid a.快的，迅速的，动作快的 combustion n.燃烧 somewhat pron. ad. 一点点，几分，有点 effort n.努力 commercial a.商业的，商务的 undesirable a不.合需要的，不受欢迎的，讨厌的 retard vt.延迟，放慢，使停滞 transformer n.变压器 transform vt.改变，转变 automotive a.自动的，机动的，汽车的 cracked裂化的 sluge n.软泥，淤泥 stiff a.硬的，强烈的 extent 广度，程度 distillation n.蒸馏distill vt.vi. unrefined a.未精致，未提炼的 acidity n.酸味，酸性acidify vt. Vi. Involve vt. 包缠，卷缠 Fell=following Individual a.个人的，个体的 Presumable a可.假定的，可推测的 Destruction n.破坏，毁灭 Overall n。 a.全面的，综合的 Exceed 超过，胜过 Isolate vt.隔离，孤立，使离析iso—构词成分“均匀”“异构”“苯”Analyse vt. 分析，分解 Carbonyl 羰基 Carboxyl羧基 Hydroxyl羟基 Decomposition分解 Alkyl烷基，烃基
, 每小题2分，共
20分） 1、 NaCN Sodium cyanide 2、 Ba(OH)2 Barium hydroxide 3、 KMnO 4 Potassium permanganate 4、 H 2SO 4 Sulfuric acid 5、 ZnSO 4 zinc sulfate or zinc sulphate 6、 FeS Iron (II) sulfide or Ferrous sulfide 7、 H 3PO 4 phosphoric acid 8、 H 2SO 3 Sulfurous acid 9、 HClO 4 Perchloric acid 10、FeCl 3 iron (III) chloride or ferric chloride 二、给下列有机化合物的英语名称（共5小题, 每小题4分，共20分） 1. 甲乙醚 ethyl methyl ether 2. 对甲基苯酚 4-methyl phenol 3. 苯乙烯 styrene 4. CH 3CH ＝C(CH 2CH 3) CH 2 OH 2-ethyl-2-buten-1-ol 5. (CH 3)3CCH 2CH 2OH 4,4-dimethyl-1-butanol or 4,4-dimethyl butanol 三、英译汉（共10小题, 每小题4分，共40分） 1、 Carbon-sodium and carbon-potassium bonds are largely ionic in character; carbon-lead, carbon-tin, carbon-thallium and carbon-mercury bonds are essentially covalent. 碳-钠键和碳-钾键有较大的离子性，碳-铅键，碳-锡键，碳-铊键和碳-汞键基本上属于共价键。 2、 The reactivity of organometallic compounds increases with the percent ionic character of the carbon-metal bond. 金属有机化合物的反应活性随着碳金属键中离子性所占的百分数的增大而增强。 3、 Organometallic compounds of lithium and magnesium are of great importance in organic synthesis. 锂和镁的金属有机化合物在有机合成上有重大的意义。
期期末测试题 Ⅰ、Translate The Following Terms Into Chinese 、 1、entity concept 主题概念 2、depreciation折旧 3、double entry system 4、inventories 5、stable monetary unit 6、opening balance 7、current asset 8、financial report 9、prepaid expense 10、internal control 11、cash flow statement 12、cash basis 13、tangible fixed asset 14、managerial accounting 15、current liability 16、internal control 17、sales return and allowance 18、financial position 19、balance sheet 20、direct write-off method Ⅱ、Translate The Following Sentences Into Chinese 、 1、Accounting is often described as an information system、It is the system that measures business activities, processes into reports and communicates these findings to decision makers、 2、The primary users of financial information are investors and creditors、Secondary users include the public, government regulatory agencies, employees, customers, suppliers, industry groups, labor unions, other companies, and academic researchers、 3、There are two sources of assets、One is liabilities and the other is owner’s equity、Liabilities are obligations of an entity arising from past transactions or events, the settlement of which may result in the transfer or use of assets or services in the future、 资产有两个来源，一个就是负债，另一个就是所有者权益。负债就是由过去得交易或事件产生得实体得义务，其结算可能导致未来资产或服务得转让或使用。 4、Accounting elements are basic classification of accounting practices、They are essential units to present the financial position and operating result of an entity、In China, we have six groups of accounting elements、They are assets, liabilities, owner’s equity, revenue, expense and profit (income)、会计要素就是会计实践得基础分类。它们就是保护财务状况与实体经营
一．中古英语时期 ?Beowulf is the oldest poem in the English language, and the most important specimen (范例、典范)of Anglo-Saxon literature, and also the oldest surviving epic in the English language. ?The romance is a popular literary form in the medieval period（中世纪）. It uses verse or prose to sing knightly adventures or other heroic deeds. ?Geoffrey Chaucer, one of the greatest English poets, whose masterpiece, The Canterbury Tales（《坎特伯雷故事集》）,was one of the most important influences on the development of English literature. ?Chaucer is considered as the father of English poetry and the founder of English realism. 二．文艺复兴Renaissance ?Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries. It marks a transition(过渡) from the medieval to the modern world. ?It started in Italy with the flowering of painting, sculpture（雕塑）and literature, and then spread to the rest of Europe. ?Humanism is the essence of Renaissance -----Man is the measure of all things. ?This was England’s Golden Age in literature. Queen Elizabeth reigned over the country in this period. The real mainstream of the English Renaissance is the Elizabethan drama. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England ? ?“Of Studies” is the most popular of Bacon’s 58 essays. ?Thomas More ——Utopia ?Edmund Spenser——The Faerie Queene 相关练习 ? 1. Which is the oldest poem in the English language? ? A. Utopia B. Faerie Queene ? C. Beowulf D. Hamlet ? 2. _____ is the father of English poetry. ? A. Edmund Spenser B. William Shakespeare ? C. Francis Bacon D. Geoffrey Chaucer ? 3. ____ is not a playwright during the Renaissance period on England. ? A. William Shakespeare B. Geoffrey Chaucer ? C. Christopher Marlowe D. Ben Johnson 三．莎士比亚William Shakespeare ?“All the world 's a stage, and all the men and women merely players.”——William Shakespeare ?William Shakespeare is considered the greatest playwright in the world and the finest poet who has written in the English language. Shakespeare understood people more than any other writers. He could create characters that have
有机化学专业英语词汇常用前后缀 acetal 醛缩醇 acetal- 乙酰 acid 酸 -al 醛 alcohol 醇 -aldehyde 醛 alkali- 碱 allyl 烯丙基 [propenyl(丙烯基)] alkoxy- 烷氧基 -amide 酰胺 amino- 氨基的 -amidine 脒 -amine 胺 -ane 烷 anhydride 酐 anilino- 苯胺基 aquo- 含水的 -ase 酶 -ate 含氧酸的盐、酯 -atriyne 三炔 azo- 偶氮 benzene 苯 bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐 bis- 双 -borane 硼烷 bromo- 溴 butyl 丁基 -carbinol 甲醇 carbonyl 羰基 -carboxylic acid 羧酸 centi- 10-2 chloro- 氯代 cis- 顺式 condensed 缩合的、冷凝的 cyclo- 环 deca- 十 deci 10-1 -dine 啶 dodeca- 十二
-ene 烯 epi- 表 epoxy- 环氧 -ester 酯 -ether 醚 ethoxy- 乙氧基 ethyl 乙基 fluoro- 氟代 form 仿 -glycol 二醇 hemi- 半 hendeca- 十一 hepta- 七 heptadeca- 十七 hexa- 六 hexadeca- 十六 -hydrin 醇 hydro- 氢或水 hydroxyl 羟基 hypo- 低级的，次 hyper- 高级的，高 -ic 酸的，高价金属 -ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰 -imine 亚胺 iodine 碘 iodo- 碘代 iso- 异，等，同 -ite 亚酸盐 keto- 酮 ketone 酮 -lactone 内酯 mega- 106 meta- 间，偏 methoxy- 甲氧基 methyl 甲基
2012—2013学年度第一学期 应用化学专业《专业英语》课程试卷（A ） 注意事项：1. 考生务必将自己姓名、学号、专业名称写在指定位置； 2. 密封线和装订线内不准答题。 一、词汇填空 （写出下列每个词汇对应的英 汉单词）（共20小题，每空1分，共20分） 1、化学性质 （chemical property ） 2、物理性质 （physical property ） 3、溶解度 （solubility ） 4、密度 （density ） 5、沸点 （boiling point ） 6、熔点 （melting point ） 7、反应 （reaction ） 8、无机的 （inorganic ） 9、有机的 （organic ） 10、化合物 （c ompound ） 11、烷烃 （alkane ） 12、乙醇 （ethanol ） 13、烯烃 （alkene ） 14、炔烃 （alkyne ） 15、ester （ 酯 ） 16、ether （ 醚 ） 17、acetone （ 丙酮 ） 18、formaldehyde （ 甲醛 ） 19、ammonia （ 氨 ）
20、benzene （ 苯 ） 二、给下列无机化合物的英语名称（共10小题, 每小题2分，共20分） 1、CaO calcium oxide 2、HClO 4 perchloric acid 3、CuSO 4 copper sulfate 4、NaBr sodium bromide 5、NaCl sodium chloride 6、HNO 3 nitric acid 7、HNO 2 nitrous acid 8、Al 2O 3 aluminum oxide 9、KNO 3 potassium nitrate 10、FeBr 3 ferric bromide 三、给下列有机化合物的英语名称（共5小题, 每小题4分，共20分） 1.辛烷 octane 2.CH 2=CHCH 2CH 3 1-butene 3.CH 3CH 2CH 2CH 2OH butanol 4.CH 3CH 2OCH 3
《财会专业英语》期终试卷 I.Put the following into corresponding groups. (15 points) 1.Cash on hand 2.Notes receivable 3.Advances to suppliers 4. Other receivables 5.Short-term loans 6.Intangible assets 7.Cost of production 8.Current year profit 9. Capital reserve 10.Long-term loans 11.Other payables 12. Con-operating expenses 13.Financial expenses 14.Cost of sale 15. Accrued payroll II.Please find the best answers to the following questions. (25 Points) 1. Aftin Co. performs services on account when Aftin collects the account receivable A.assets increase B.assets do not change C.owner’s equity d ecreases D.liabilities decrease 2. A balance sheet report . A. the assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity on a particular date B. the change in the owner’s capital during the period C. the cash receipt and cash payment during the period D. the difference between revenues and expenses during the period 3. The following information about the assets and liabilities at the end of 20 x 1 and 20 x 2 is given below: 20 x 1 20 x 2 Assets $ 75,000 $ 90,000 Liabilities 36,000 45,000 how much the owner’sequity at the end of 20 x 2 ? A.$ 4,500 B.$ 6,000 C.$ 45,000 D.$ 43,000
化学化工专业英语试卷 及答案 标准化管理部编码-[99968T-6889628-J68568-1689N]
2011年春季学期应用化学专业 《08级化学化工专业英语试卷答案》 1. state-of-the-industry 中文：工业发展水平（1分） 2. alkyl ether sulfate中文：烷基醚硫酸盐（酯）（分） 3. W/O 英文： water in oil，(oil emulsion) ；中文：油乳胶（油包水）（分） 4. 2,6-Dimethy-2,7-octadien-6-ol 画出结构式： （4分） 5. The inherent tendency of the whole or a part of a molecule to pass out of or not to penetrate into a water phase. 英文： Hydrophoby ；中文：疏水性（亲油性）分) 6. A substance which, when introduced in a liquid, increases its wetting tendency. 英文： Wetting agent ；中文：润湿剂分) 7. The process by which soil is dislodged from the substrate and bought into a state of solution or dispersion. 英文： Detergency ；中文：去污性（力）分) 8. An attribute which is related to benefit not directly but through association or suggestion. 英文： Signal attribute ；中文：信号属性分) 9. A colorless gas with a characteristic pungent odor, consisting of nitrogen and hydrogen.
ACCOUNTING ENGLISH Middle-of-term Test Papers PartⅠ.Translating the following terms 1、Notes to financial statements 2、Accounting elements 3、Variable costs 4、Economic entity 5、Depreciation expense 6、Deferred income taxes 7、Nominal accounts 8、ROA 9、LIFO 10、Work in process 11、现金收支 12、原材料 13、制造费用 14、相关性 15、持续经营 16、复式记账 17、优先股 18、预付费用 19、购货退回与折让 20、永续盘存制
PartⅡ.True or False 1、 The accounting process generates financial reports for both “internal ”and “external”users. 2、The balance sheet reflects the basic accounting equation and the means of financing the organization's assets. 3、The existence of Accounts Receivable on the Balance Sheet indicates that the company has one or more creditors. 4、Liabilities are classified and presented in increasing order of liquidity. 5、Working capital equals current assets less current liabilities. 6、Declaration of dividends reduces the retained earnings portion of the owners' equity of the corporation and creates a liabilities called Dividends Payable. 7、A chart of accounts is a listing of the titles of all accounts. 8、The cash basis of accounting often violates the matching rule. 9、Closing entries convert real and nominal accounts to zero balance. 10、The work sheet is published with the balance sheet and income statement, as a supplementary statement. 11、A company's sustainable growth rate is the highest growth rate in sales it can attain without issuing new stock. 12、Only rapidly growing firms have growth management problems.
化学专业英语复习题
1.构成原子最重要的的粒子是质子，中子和电子，原子的质量是由核中质子和中子数近似确定的： The most important constitute atomic particles are protons, neutrons and electrons. The total mass of an atom is determined. Very nearly by the total number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus. 2、在元素周期表中,元素的性质是随着原子数周期性变化的，每个周期以活泼的金属元素开始，活泼的非金属结束。从左到右，非金属性逐渐增强，金属性逐渐减弱。 In the periodic table ，the nature of elements changed cyclically with atomic number ,each period begins with a very reactive metal right ,elements show decreasing metallic character and increasing metallic character . 3．当需要在一个官能团化合物的某一个活性选择性的进行反应时，其他活性基团暂时性的被保护起来。很多保护基已经或正在发展用于这个目的。 When a chemical reaction is to be carried out selectively at one reactive site in a multifunctional compound, other reactive sites must be temporarily blocked, many protective groups have been, and are being developed for this purpose. 4、常温下，烷烃和浓硫酸，沸硝酸等不发生化学反应。但在光的引发下易发生氯化反应。该反应是一个自由基键反应，包括链引发，链增长，链终止三个步骤。
化学专业英语试卷 学号：姓名：成绩: 一：把下列单词或词组译成英文（本题共30 分，每小题 1 分） 1. Ni(ClO4)2 nickel perchlorate 3. FeCl2 iron(2)chloride 5. Al(NO3)3 aluminum nitrate 7. MnO2 manganese dioxide 9. N2O3 dinatrogen trioxide 11. NaClO sodium hypochloride 13. P2O5 diphosphorous pentaoxide 15. KMnO4 patassium permangate 17. 盐酸hydrochloric acid 19. KCN patassium cyanide 21. 5-甲基-4-丙基壬烷5-methyl-4-propylnonaane 23. 四氯化碳carbon tetrachloride 25. 中和neutralize 27. 比热容specific heat capacity 29. 酸酐anhytride 2. CuSO4 copper sulfate 4. CoCO3 cobalt carbate 6. Ca(C2H3O2)2 calcium acetate 8. H2SO4 10. 六氰合铁（Ⅱ）酸钾 12. Ag2SO3 sliver sulfite 14. 草酸铅lead cyanate 16. Zn(OH)2 zinc hydroxide 18. 磷酸根phosphate 20. 2,3-二甲基戊烷 2,3-dimethylpentane 22. 2,3,7-三甲基-5-乙基辛烷2,3,7-trimethyl-5-ethyloctane 24. 石蕊试纸litmus paper 26. 滴定titration 28. 非电解质electrolyte 30. 配位化合物complex compound 三. 把下列短文译成汉语（本题共40 分，每小题10 分） 1. Without chemistry our lives would be unrecognisable, for chemistry is at work all around us. Think what life would be like without chemistry - there would be no plastics, no electricity and no protective paints for our homes. There would be no synthetic fibres to clothe us and no fertilisers to help us produce enough food. We wouldn’t be able to travel because there would be no metal, rubber or fuel for cars, ships and aeroplane. Our lives would be changed considerably without telephones, radio, television or computers, all of which depend on chemistry for the manufacture of their parts. Life expectancy would be much lower, too, as there would be no drugs to fight disease. 没有化学反应我们的生活将会大变样,化学就在我们周围。没有化学生活会是什么样子——没有塑料,,家里没有电,也没有防护漆。不会给我们合成纤维,没有化肥帮助我们生产足够的食物。我们不能旅行,因为不会有金属、橡胶或燃料汽车、船只和飞机。我们的生活将会大大改变了没有电话、收音机、电视或电脑,所有这些依赖化学生产的部分。没有药物来抵抗疾病，预期寿命将低得多。 2．The first and second laws of thermodynamics and the meaning of entropy will be discussed. and expanded upon in this lesson. It will be shown that energy transformations on a macroscopic scale — that is, between large aggregates of atoms and/or molecules — can be understood in terms of a set of logical principles. Thus thermodynamics provides a model of the behavior of matter in bulk. The power of
一、选择题 1、The four-stroke cycle operates in which order __C__. A. intake, exhaust, power, compression B. intake, power, compression, exhaust C. intake, compression, power, exhaust 2、With the piston at the bottom of the cylinder, the ___C____ valve ___________ to allow the burned exhaust gas to be expelled to the exhaust system. A.intake, closes B. exhaust, closes C. exhaust, opens 3、A car engine's job is to ___B__ A. Convert fuel into heat B. Convert fuel into motion C. Convert fuel into exhaust 4、When the crankshaft completes four revolutions for a four-cycle engine, each cylinder will have gone through ____B____intake stroke(s). A.one B. two C. Three 5、___C___ is the life-blood of the engine. A. gas B. water C. Oil 6、What is the core of a car's engine___C___ A.The spark plug B. exhaust C. The cylinder 7、What determines the size and the placement of the engine block____C____ A. The number of spark plugs B. The number of pistons C. The number of cylinders 8、In the standard engine, each cylinder has ___A___. A.four valves B. two valves C. one valve 9、A crankshaft's job in an engine is to ___C___ A. Deliver fuel to the cylinders B. Keep cylinder heads in place C. Change linear motion into rotational motion 10、The _____C___ system on an internal combustion engine provides the spark that ignites the combustible air/fuel mixture in the combustion chamber. A.starting B. fuel C. igniting 二、填空题 1.Today’s average car contains more than 15000 separate, individual parts that must work together. These parts can be grouped into four major categories: body，engine，chassis and electrical system . 2.The direction motion of vehicle is controlled by a steering system. A basic steering system has 3 main parts: steering control mechanism ，steering gear and steering linkage mechanism which connecting wheels and steering gear . 3.The location of the driving axle determines whether the vehicle is classified as rear-wheel?drive ，front-wheel?drive ，four-wheel?drive and all-wheel drive. 4.The modern clutch9 is a single plate, dry disc . It consists of five major parts: flywheel, clutch disc , pressure plate assembly, throw-out bearing , and clutch linkage.
专业英语期末考试试卷A卷标准答案及评分标准（2009-2010第二学期） 一、Translate the following speciality vocabulary into Chinese (20×1=20) 标准答案：1.电气工程 2. 正电荷 3 .信道 4.家庭自动化 5.桌面应用软件 6.下降沿 7.波特率 8.红外线传感器9 数字信号10.激光技术 11光纤12.微处理器13振荡器14.半导体15.远程控制 16触发器17.阴极射线管18 代码错误19.波导管20.通信工程 评分标准：得分=做对的个数×1 二、Translate the following speciality vocabulary into English(10×1=10) 1.circuit 2.voltage 3.diode 4.triode 5.microwave oven 6.watchdog 7.sensor或transducer 8.current 9.transistor 10. magnifier或amplifier 评分标准：得分=做对的个数×1 四、Multiple choices. (2×10=20） 1-5 BCDBD 6-10 BAAAC 评分标准：得分=做对的个数×2 五、Translate the following sentences into Chinese (5×2=10) 1、电源有两种：电流源与电压源。 2、电子元器件分为有源元件与无源元件两类。 3、激光技术是用来测量物体的存在、传感器到物体之间的距离以及物体尺寸的一种技术。 4、计算机的“大脑”被称为微处理器。 5、串行口有四种工作模式。 六、Choose the right statements according to the following passage .（true(T) or false (F) (5×2=10)） P1: 1-5 T F T F T 评分标准：得分=做对的个数×2 七、Reading Comprehension(5×2=10)） 1-5 B C A D C 评分标准：得分=做对的个数×2
☆常用： ppm: parts per million ppb: parts per billion pH: potential of hydrogen 1. 化合物的命名：规则：金属(或某些非金属)元素+阴离子名称 (1)MgCl2 magnesium [m?ɡ’ni:zj ?m] chloride (2)NaNO2 sodium nitrite [‘naitrait] (3)KNO3 potassium[p ?’t?si ?m] nitrate [‘naitreit] (4)硝酸 nitric acid (5)NaHCO3 sodium hydrogen carbonate 练习： ? FeBr2 ? (NH4)2SO4 ? NH4H2PO4
?KMnO4 ?亚硫酸 ?sulfurous acid ?H2S ?NO 2 有机物命名 ?Hydrocarbon ?{Aliphatic hydrocarbon; Aromatic Hydrocarbon} ?Aliphatic hydrocarbon (脂肪烃) ?{Alkane (烷); Alkene(烯); Alkyne(炔)} ?Alcohol 醇 ?Aldehyde 醛 ?Ketone [‘ki:t?un] 酮 ?Carboxylic acid 羧酸 ?Aromatic hydrocarbon(芳香烃) ?{benzene (苯) hydroxybenzene(酚) quinone(醌) 无机物中关于数字的写法 mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- hexa-, hepta-, octa-, nona-, deca- 一，二，三，四，五，六，七，八，九，十 有机物中关于数字的写法 meth-, eth-, prop-, but-, pent-, hex-, 甲乙丙丁戊已 hept-, oct-, non-, dec-, cyclo-, poly- 庚辛壬葵环聚 练习 ?甲烷乙炔 ?丙酮丁醇 ?戊烷己烯 ?庚醛辛烷 ?2-甲基壬酸 3,5-二乙基癸醇
化学专业英语化学专业英语课期末考试试卷含 答案 文档编制序号：[KKIDT-LLE0828-LLETD298-POI08]
化学专业英语试卷 学号：姓名：成绩: 一：把下列单词或词组译成英文（本题共 30 分，每小题 1 分） 1. Ni(ClO4)2 nickel perchlorate 3. FeCl2 iron(2)chloride 5. Al(NO3)3 aluminum nitrate 7. MnO2 manganese dioxide 9. N2O3 dinatrogen trioxide 11. NaClO sodium hypochloride 13. P2O5 diphosphorous pentaoxide 15. KMnO4 patassium permangate 17. 盐酸hydrochloric acid 19. KCN patassium cyanide 21. 5-甲基-4-丙基壬烷5-methyl-4-propylnonaane 23. 四氯化碳carbon tetrachloride 25. 中和neutralize 27. 比热容specific heat capacity 29. 酸酐anhytride 2. CuSO4 copper sulfate 4. CoCO3 cobalt carbate 6. Ca(C2H3O2)2 calcium acetate 8. H2SO4 10. 六氰合铁（Ⅱ）酸钾 12. Ag2SO3 sliver sulfite 14. 草酸铅 lead cyanate 16. Zn(OH)2 zinc hydroxide 18. 磷酸根 phosphate 20. 2,3-二甲基戊烷2,3-dimethylpentane 22. 2,3,7-三甲基-5-乙基辛烷2,3,7-trimethyl-5-ethyloctane 24. 石蕊试纸litmus paper 26. 滴定titration 28. 非电解质electrolyte 30. 配位化合物complex compound 三. 把下列短文译成汉语（本题共 40 分，每小题 10 分） 1. Without chemistry our lives would be unrecognisable, for chemistry is at work all around us. Think what life would be like without chemistry - there would be no plastics, no electricity and no protective paints for our homes. There would be no synthetic fibres to clothe us and no fertilisers to help us produce enough food. We wouldn’t be able to travel because there would be no metal, rubber or fuel for cars, ships and aeroplane. Our lives would be changed considerably without telephones, radio, television or computers, all of which depend on chemistry for the manufacture of their parts. Life expectancy would be much lower, too, as there would be no drugs to fight disease. 没有化学反应我们的生活将会大变样,化学就在我们周围。没有化学生活会是什么样子——没有塑料,,家里没有电,也没有防护漆。不会给我们合成纤维,没有化肥帮助我们生产足够的食物。我们不能旅行,因为不会有金属、橡胶或燃料汽车、船只和飞机。我们的生活将会大大改变了没有电话、收音机、电视或电脑,所有这些依赖化学生产的部分。没有药物来抵抗疾病，预期寿命将低得多。 2． The first and second laws of thermodynamics and the meaning of entropy will be discussed. and expanded upon in this lesson. It will be shown that energy transformations on a macroscopic scale — that is, between large aggregates of atoms and/or molecules — can be understood in terms of a set of logical principles. Thus thermodynamics provides a model of the behavior of matter in bulk. The power of such a model is that it does not depend on atomic