Unit 4（20个）A.
1. contend [k?n'tend] vt.主张；为...斗争
2. mutilation [,mju:ti'lei??n] n. 毁损，毁坏；残缺
3. purchase ['p?:t??s] n. 购买；紧握；起重装置
4. possession [p?'ze??n] n. 财产；拥有；着迷
5. transfer [tr?ns'f?:] 转让；转移；传递；
6. dog-eared [d?ɡ,i?d] adj. （书页）折角的，卷页；
7. intact [in't?kt] adj. 完整的；原封不动的；无损的
8. indispensable [,indis'pens?bl] adj. 不可缺少的；
9. scratch pad草稿纸
10. sacred ['seikrid] adj. 神的；神圣的；宗教的
B．
1. bluntly ['bl?ntli] adv. 坦率地，直率地；
2. restrain [ri'strein] vt. 抑制，控制；约束；制止
3. dilapidated [di'l?pideitid] adj. 荒废的，破页的
4. scribble ['skribl] vt. 乱写；滥写；潦草地书写
5. unblemished [?n'blemi?t] adj. 无缺点的；清白的
6. crayon ['krei?n] n. 蜡笔，有色粉笔
7. symphony ['simf?ni] n. 交响乐；谐声，和声
8. typography [tai'p?ɡr?fi] n. 排印；印刷式
9. humility [hju:'mil?ti] n. 谦卑，谦逊
10. receptacle [ri'sept?kl] n. 容器；插座
Unit6 (Unit 5不考)（28个）A.
1. affect [?'fekt, '?fekt] vt. 影响；感染；感动；
2. consumer [k?n'sju:m?] n. 消费者；用户
3. creature ['kri:t??] n. 动物，生物；人；
4. carnivore ['kɑ:niv?:] n. [动] 食肉动物；食虫植物
5. prey upon掠夺，折磨；捕食
6. capture ['k?pt??] 捕获；战利品
7. superb [sju'p?:b, s?-] adj. 极好的；华丽的；宏伟的
8. host [h?ust] n. [计] 主机；主人；寄主
9. naturalist ['n?t??r?list] n. 自然主义者；博物学家
10. dramatically [dr?'m?tik?li] adv. 戏剧地；急剧性地
11. importation [,imp?:'tei??n] n. 进口；输入品
12. pore [p?:] n. 气孔；小孔
13. trunk [tr??k] n. 树干；躯干
14. colony ['k?l?ni] n. 殖民地，群体
B.
1. array [?'rei] 一系列
2. opportunist ['?p?tju:nist,] n. 机会主义者
3. prime [praim] adj. 主要的；年轻的
4. species ['spi:?i:z, -si:z] n. [生物] 物种；种类
5. detection [di'tek??n] n. 侦查，探测；发觉
6. reverse [ri'v?:s] n. 背面；相反；倒退；失败
7. organism ['?:ɡ?niz?m] n. 有机体；生物体
8. ad infinitum [,?dinfi'nait?m] 无限地；永久地；
9. deliberately [di'lib?r?tli] adv. 故意地；慎重地10. abandon [?'b?nd?n] vt. 遗弃；放弃
11. eliminate [i'limineit] vt. 消除；排除
12. association [?,s?usi'ei??n,] n. 协会，社团；
13. scrap [skr?p] n. 碎片；残余物；打架；
14. cell [sel] n. 细胞；电池
Unit 7 （22个）A.
1. scurry ['sk?ri, 'sk?:-] vi. 急赶；急跑
2. peer [pi?] vi. 凝视，盯着看；
3. jerk [d??:k] vi. 痉挛；急拉vt. 猛拉
4. twitch [twit?] n. 抽搐；抽动；痉挛
5. protest [pr?u'test, 'pr?u-] vi. 抗议；断言
6. anguish ['??ɡwi?] n. 痛苦；苦恼
7. ebbing散开，减少
8. pincers ['pins?z] n. 钳子
9. socket […s?k?t] n. 插座；窝，穴；
10. skull [sk?l] n. 头盖骨，脑壳
11. frisk [frisk] vi. 蹦跳；欢跃
12. sniff [snif] vi. 嗅；嗤之以鼻
B.
1. glistening ['gli:sni?] adj. 闪亮的；闪耀的；
2. rustling ['r?sli?] adj. 沙沙作响的
3. writhe [raie] vt. 扭曲；扭动
4. convulsively [k?n'v?lsivli] adv. 痉挛性地
5. interfere [,int?'fi?] vi. 干涉；妨碍；打扰
6. trickle ['trikl] vi. 滴；细细地流；慢慢地移动
7. skeleton ['skelit?n] n. 骨架，骨骼；
8. glittering ['glit?ri?] adj. 闪闪发光的
9. incredulously [in'kredjul?sli] adv. 不信地，怀疑地
10. exhilarated [ig'zil?reitid] adj. 振奋的；高兴的
Unit 8 （23个）A.
1. radiate ['reidieit] vt. 辐射；传播；散发
2. appreciate [?'pri:?ieit] vt. 欣赏；感激；了解
3. outweigh [,aut'wei] 超过
4. hemmed in包围；限制
5. habitation [,h?bi'tei??n] n. 居住；住所
6. obscure [?b'skju?, ?b-]adj. 模糊的；昏暗的
7. shatter ['??t?] vt. 打碎；破掉；破碎
8. haul up把…拖上来；迎风行驶；拉起
9. pore [p?:] n. 气孔；小孔
10. unveiling [,?n'veili?] v. 揭示；揭露
B.
1. distinctive [dis'ti?ktiv] 显着的
2. spectacular [spek't?kjul?] adj. 壮观的，惊人的；
3. phenomenon [fi'n?min?n, f?-] n. 现象；奇迹；
4. tenure ['tenju?, 'tenj?] n. 任期；占有
5. tempestuous [tem'pestju?s,]汹涌的
6. inclined [in'klaind] 倾向于
7. precipitation [pri,sipi'tei??n]降雨量
8. disintegrate [dis'intiɡreit] 分裂
9. granules [gr?nju:ls] 颗粒
10. mercury ['m?:kjuri] n. 水银；水银柱；精神
11. disrupt [dis'r?pt] 使分裂；使中断；
12. cushion ['ku??n] n. 垫子；
Unit 9 （22个）A.
1.brush house [br??] 茅草屋
2.pulsing and vibrating ['p?lsi?] ['vaibreiti?]颤动
3.strangle out ['str??gl]说出
4.sting [sti?] n. 刺痛；讽刺，刺激；
5.giggle ['ɡiɡl] vi. 傻笑；咯咯地笑
6.alms-giver [ɑ:m]施舍者
7.residue ['rezidju:] n. 残渣；剩余；滤渣
8.lust [l?st] vi. 贪求，渴望
9.withheld ['wie'held] v. 保留；扣留；抑制
10. venom ['ven?m] n. 毒液；恶意
B.
1.scramble ['skr?mbl] vi. 爬行，攀登
2.dart [dɑ:t] 飞镖；标枪；猛冲；飞奔
3.panting ['p?nti?] adj. 喘气的
4.foaming ['f?umi?] 起泡沫，泡沫的
5.baptize [b?p'taiz] 洗礼
6.judicious [d?u:'di??s] adj. 明智的；头脑精明的；
7.fat hammocks ['h?m?ks]肿眼眶
8.cackle ['k?kl] 咯咯地笑
9.semblance ['sembl?ns] 假装；类似，外表上像
10. squint [skwint] 斜视
11. speculation [,spekju'lei??n] 推测；思索；
12. distillate ['distil?t] n. 精华；蒸溜物；沉淀物
Unit 10. （26个）A.
1.sculptor [sk?lpt?] n. 雕刻家
2.function ['f??k??n] n. 功能
3.architect ['ɑ:kitekt] n. 建筑师
4.embody [im'b?di] vt. 体现，使具体化；
5.personality [,p?:s?'n?l?ti] n. 个性；品格；
6.mirror ['mir?] vt. 反射；反映n. 镜子；榜样
7.epoch ['i:p?k, 'ep?k]时期
8.musical notation乐谱；音乐符号
9.leeway ['li:wei] n. 余地
10. static ['st?tik]静态的
11. conventional [k?n'ven??n?l] adj.传统的；常见的
12. taste [teist] n. 味道；品味；审美
13. unprejudiced [,?n'pred?udist] adj.无偏见的
14. layman ['leim?n] n. 外行；门外汉B.
1. exterior [ik'sti?ri?] adj. 外部的；表面的
2. quintessential [,kwint?'sen??l] adj.精髓的，精萃的
3. streaked [stri:kt] adj. 有条纹的；不安的
4. frailty ['freilti] n. 虚弱；弱点；
5. assimilate [?'simileit] vi. 吸收；同化；了解
6. elucidation [i,lju:si'dei??n]n.说明；阐明
7. proficiency [pr?u'fi??nsi] 熟练；精通
8. transcription [tr?n'skrip??n,] n. 抄写；抄本，记录
9. tempo ['temp?u] 拍子，节奏
10. dynamics [dai'n?miks]音乐强度
11. bespeak [bi'spi:k] vt. 表示；预约；证明；
12. sensitivity [,sensi'tiviti] n. 敏感；灵敏度；过敏
Unit 12 (Unit 11不考)（24个）A.
1. microscope ['maikr?sk?up] n. 显微镜
2. fury ['fju?ri] n. 狂怒；暴怒
3. maladjustment [,m?l?'d??stm?nt] n. 失调，不适应
4. grimly ['grimli] adv. 可怕地；冷酷地；严格地
5. quiver ['kwiv?] vi. 颤抖；振动
6. specks [speks] n. 斑点；
7. squeal [skwi:l] vt. 告密；长声尖叫
8. lens [lenz] n. [摄] 镜头；透镜
9. means of transportation交通设施
10. propel [pr?u'pel] vt. 推进；驱使；驱动
11. appealingly [?'pi:li?li] adv.哀求地；吸引人地
12. locomotive [,l?uk?'m?utiv] n. 机车；火车头
B.
1. battery locomotive enrage [in'reid?] vt. 激怒；使暴怒
2. nebulous ['nebjul?s] 朦胧的，模糊的
3. clockwork ['kl?kw?:k] n. 发条装置；钟表装置
4. defer [di'f?:] vi. 推迟；延期；服从
5. genuinely ['d?enjuinli] adv. 真诚地；诚实地
6. variegated ['vε?ri?ɡeitid] adj. 杂色的；斑驳的；
7. constellation [,k?nst?'lei??n] n. [天] 星座；星群；
8. fleck [flek] n. 斑点；微粒，小片
9. adjoining [?'d??ini?] adj. 邻接的；毗连的
10. snap up突然的抬头
11. pursue [p?'sju: ] vt. 继续；从事；追赶；纠缠
12. medium ['mi:di?m] n. 方法；媒体；媒介；
Paraphrase异译Unit 4
1.I contend,quite bluntly,that marking up a book is not an act of mutilation but of love.
坦率地说，我认为，在书上涂抹标记不是一种损毁行为，而是爱。
=I argue plainly that making marks in a book is not something done to spoil it but to show its worth and value.
2.But this act of purchase is only the prelude to possession.
但是，这种购买行为仅是拥有书的前提。
=Getting the book by payment is merely a preparatory step on the way to ownership.
3.Full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself.
只有你将它化为自己的一部分后，你才完全占有了它；
=Only when you have fully absorbed it can you say that you own the book completely.
4.The third has a few books or many - every one of them dog-eared and dilapidated, shaken and loosened by continual use, marked and scribbled in from front to back.
第三种人藏书或多或少—因不断使用，每本书都书角卷起，破旧不堪，装订破损，书页松散，全书从扉页至末页都画满了记号，涂满了字句。
=The third kind of book owners possess only a few or many books, but every one of them is worn, with the corners of the leaves folded over, and has become less tightly bound because of constant use. There are marks and informally written notes in each book from cover to cover. 5.I'd no more scribble all over a first edition of "Paradise Lost" than I'd give my baby a set of crayons and an original Rembrandt!
['rembrɑ:nt]
我决不会给我的孩子一套蜡笔，再交给他一幅伦勃朗的原作。
= I would never mark pages of a first edition copy of Paradise Lost, just as I would not give my baby a set of coloured pencils and a painting by Rembrandt in the original.
6.If your respect for magnificent binding or typography gets in the way, buy yourself a cheap edition and pay your respects to the author.
如果你割舍不下对美轮美奂的装订或版面的尊敬，你就应该买一种便宜的版本，将你的敬意献给作者。
=If the elaborate cover, style of printing or layout prevent you from marking up a book, then you’d better buy a cheap edition in which you can show your respect to the writer
7.The physical act of writing, with your hand, brings words and sentences more sharply before your mind and preserves them better in your memory.
亲手动笔写会使词语和句子更加鲜明地呈现在你的脑海里，更长久地储存在你的记忆里。
=If you write notes in the book yourself, the words and sentences will stand out more distinctly in your mind and last longer in your memory.
8.But don't let anybody tell you that a reader is supposed to be solely on the receiving end.
但不要轻信他人，以为读者只有全盘接受的份儿。
=Don’t believe that a reader is only expected to take in passively what is in the book.
9.Understanding is a two-way operation; learning doesn't consist in being an empty receptacle.
理解是一种双向活动。学习并不是往空的容器里装东西。
=Comprehension is a process involving both reception and production. If you remain a container ready only to receive, you cannot expect to learn very much.
Unit 10
1.He gives us, witho ut relation to exterior “events”, the quintessential part of himself—that part which embodies the fullest and deepest expression of himself as a man and of his experience as a fellow being.
他给我们的,与外界”事件”无关,是自己的精髓部分---最能完整而深刻地体现他自己作为人类的一员与其他人生经历的那一部分。
= He gives us not what is happening outside himself but the deepest, most essential expression of himself as a person and member of the human race.
2.For a composer, to be of any value, must have his own personality. It may be of greater or lesser importance, but, in the case of significant music, it will always mirror that personality.
对作曲家而言，要成为有价值的作曲家，就必须要有自己的个性，这或重要或不重要，但具有重大意义的音乐总是会反映出其作曲者的个性。
=If a composer wants to be in any way a great artist, he must have his own individuality. This may be very important or not important at all; but as far as significant music is concerned, it will reflect that individuality.
3.His character may be streaked with human frailties—like Lully?s or Wagner?s, for example—but whatever is fine in his music will come from whatever is fine in him as a man.
作曲家的特性或许带有人类的弱点—例如像吕利或瓦格纳，但其音乐的美妙之处来自于其人格的杰出部分。
=His personality may include many human weaknesses, as did Lully?s and Wagner?s, but excellence in his music will still stem from those aspects of his personality and his own period.
4.It is the interaction of personality and period that results in the formation of a composer?s style.
是个性和时代的相互影响形成了作曲家的风格
= A composer?s style is formed from the interrelationship between his personality and his own period.
5.The role of the interpreter leaves no room for argument.
演奏者的作用是毋庸置疑的。
=There is no need to argue about the part that an interpreter plays. 6.Most first-rate interpretive artists today possess a technical equipment that is more than sufficient for any demands made upon them.
大多数一流的演奏者所有的技术设备大大超过了他们的要求，
=Most contemporary first-class musicians have instruments which are very satisfactory for them to meet any challenge in a composition.
7.It cannot be, for it is too vague; it allows for too great a leeway in individual matters of taste and choice.
也不可能是。因为它太含糊不清；在个人和品位的选择方面，乐谱保留了大大的余地。
=The musical notation cannot be the exact transcription of a composer?s thought both because it is ambiguous ad because it provides freedom for personal taste and choice.
8.The combined efforts of composer and interpreter have meaning only in so far as they go out to an intelligent body of hearers.
只有被一群能够真正理解音乐的听众欣赏，作曲家和演奏者的共同努力才有意义。
=The joint efforts of composer and interpreter have significance only when they are appreciated by listeners who understand music. (or, Whether the joint efforts of composer and interpreter have meaning or not depends on whether they are understood by a number of sensible listeners.
9.That bespeaks a responsibility on the part of the hearer. 这也说明了听众的责任。
=That shows that the listener is duty-bound to fully appreciate or understand music.
10.By that bon mot,he meant to imply, no doubt, that only a listener who really involves himself is of importance to music or the makers of music.
这一奇妙的说法，他的意思是说，只有全身心的投入的听众才是对音乐或是对音乐创作者最为重要的。
=By that piece of wit, be undoubtedly wanted to suggest that only when a listener becomes truly concerned about music will he be of interest and value both to music and its composers.
1. scramble：The diary, whose copyright status was uncertain, became the object of a publishing scramble. 这本日记虽然不版权归属尚不确定，但已成了出版社炙手可热的争抢对象。 hectic: Things have been so hectic here his week, we hope they’ll simmer down after the holidays. 这个礼拜事情闹得沸反盈天，但愿假期过后情况会平静下来。 norm: Nowadays air-conditioned buses for tourists have become the norm. 如今游客作的客车都有空调，这已成为一种惯例。 dwindle: The ongoing investigation dwindled and died, finding no evidence that laws had been violated. 所作的调查没有发现任何人违法的证据，最后不了了之。 want for: She was kind enough to see that we wanted for nothing. 她很热心，尽量使我们什么都不缺。fraught: The field of corpus linguistics is fraught with unsolved questions. 语料库语言学领域有着许多尚未解决的问题。 let up: slow down The doctor has been working for fifty hours without letting up. 那医生已连续工作了50个小时没有休息。 disorient: He seems disoriented since he left the army, and doesn’t know what to do next. 自从退役以来，他似乎茫无头绪，不知下一步该做些什么。 carve out: He carved out a name/ place for himself in the engineering business. 他在工程技术领域干出了名气（争得了一席之地）。 burn out: Stop working and have a rest, or you’ll burn out. 停下来歇歇吧，不然要累垮的。 act out: psychiatry. to express unconsciously (a repressed impulse or experience ) in overt behaviour In the enclosed life of this small village, many passions are brought to the surface and acted out. 在这个与世隔绝的小村庄里，人们的七情六欲溢于言表，又表现得淋漓尽致。 dispense: The Red Cross dispensed food and clothing to the flood victims. 红十字会向水灾难民分发食品和衣物。 Druggists must dispense medicines with the greatest care. 药剂师配药必须一丝不苟。 2 modify: Human action can be modified to some extent, but human nature cannot be changed. 人类的行为可以作一定程度的改变，但人类的本性是不可变的。 provided: I’ll forgive her for her mistake provided that she apologizes to me. 只要她向我道歉，我就原谅她的过失。 atrophy: Skills atrophy from lack of practice. 技艺不练就荒疏。 diminish: Familiarity with the routine did not diminish his horror of living in prison. 尽管他对铁窗生活的一套常规耳熟能详，但也没有减轻身陷囹圄的恐惧感。 at heart: He seems friendly, but he is just a ruthless businessman at heart. 他看上去面善，但骨子里却是一个心狠手辣的商人。 precarious: The national leadership in the country was in precarious hands. 该国国家的领导权掌握在一些危险分子的手里。 predicate: The publicity predicated the novel’s success. 这部小说的成功取决于推广宣传。 embark: Our paper is embarking on a nation-wide campaign for increased circulation. 我们的报纸正在全国掀起一个扩大发行量的运动。 Mary embarked on her marriage with many hopes and fears. 玛丽怀着许多希望和忧虑开始了婚姻生活。actuality: A trip to the moon is now an actuality. 登月旅行现在已成为事实。 endow: Nature endowed her with beauty and wit. 她天生才貌双全。
Lesson 8 Three Cups of Tea (Excerpts) Translation 1. 当他被人从河里救出来时，几乎半死不活了。 2. 在我上一次访问这个村子时，那里还没有学校。现在一所小学已经屹立在山顶上。 3. 他恢复了知觉，睁开眼睛，想努力搞清楚发生了什么事，为什么他躺在那里。 4. 展览会上最吸引观众的是新奇的电子产品。 5. 温室里的许多奇花异草引起大家争先拍照。 6. 这位作家出生于一个大家庭，他的家谱可以追溯到十五代以前。 7. 当地少数民族在杀牲口前，先要举行一番宗教仪式，请求上苍允许他们杀生。 8. 村民们贫穷的事实并非说明他们就愚昧无知。 9. 志愿者们的共同努力使得项目开展起来了。 10. 登山者感到头晕，几乎站立不住，一是由于过度疲劳，也是因为太饥饿了。 参考译文 1. When he was saved from the river, he was more dead than alive. 2. On my previous visit, there was no school, but now one stands on the mountain. 3. As he came to himself, he opened his eyes, trying to figure out waht had happened and why he was lying there. 4. At the exhibition there were many novel electronic products that attracted the attention of visitors. 5. People were keen on taking pictures of the many exotic flowers and plants in the greenhouse. 6. This writer came from a large, prominent family whose genealogy streches back fifteen generations. 7. Before killing an animal, the indigenous ethnic people usually hold rituals to request permission from their God. 8. The fact that the villagers are poor doesn’t mean they are ignorant or stupid. 9. The volunteers made concerted efforts and got the project off the ground. 10. The climber felt so dizzy that he could hardly stand up, as much from over exhaustion as from starvation. 1.他把网上的流传当成一个笑话，不予理睬。（dismiss as） He dismissed the story circulating on the Internet as a joke. 2.马克?吐温的《竞选州长》是一篇着名的短篇故事。(run for) Mark Twain’s “Running for Governor” is a famous short story. 3.对于遭受灾难的人们，我们应该毫无保留地帮助他们。(reach out to) We should reach out to those who suffer from disasters without reservation. 4.考虑到他们没有经验，他们的工作成绩还是相当不错的。(given) Given their lack of experience, their work should be considered as quite good. 5.她是在华裔人占主导地位的社区里长大的。(predominantly) She grew up in a community where the inhabitants were predominantly of Chinese origin. 6.心情不好不能成为你对同事粗暴的理由。(justify) Being in a bad mood cannot justify your rude attitude toward your colleagues 7.警方把这件事视作“误解”而草草了事。(dismiss...as) The police dismissed the incident as a case of misunderstanding.
青年人的四种选择 Lesson 2: Four Choices for Young People 在毕业前不久，斯坦福大学四年级主席吉姆?宾司给我写了一封信，信中谈及他的一些不安。 Shortly before his graduation, Jim Binns, president of the senior class at Stanford University, wrote me about some of his misgivings. 他写道：“与其他任何一代人相比，我们这一代人在看待成人世界时抱有更大的疑虑 ,, 同时越 来越倾向于全盘否定成人世界。” “More than any other generation, ” he said, “ our generation views the adult world with great skepticism, there is also an increased tendency to reject completely that world. ”很 明显，他的话代表了许多同龄人的看法。 Apparently he speaks for a lot of his contemporaries. 在过去的几年里，我倾听过许多年轻人的谈话，他们有的还在大学读书，有的已经毕业，他 们对于成人的世界同样感到不安。 During the last few years, I have listened to scores of young people, in college and out, who were just as nervous about the grown world. 大致来说，他们的态度可归纳如下：“这个世界乱糟糟的，到处充满了不平等、贫困和战争。 对此该负责的大概应是那些管理这个世界的成年人吧。如果他们不能做得比这些更好，他们又能拿 什么来教育我们呢？这样的教导，我们根本不需要。” Roughly, their attitude might be summed up about like this:“ The world is in pretty much of a mess, full of injustice, poverty, and war. The people responsible are, presumably, the adults who have been running thing. If they can’ t do better than that, what have they got to teach our generation? That kind of lesson we can do without. ” 我觉得这些结论合情合理，至少从他们的角度来看是这样的。 There conclusions strike me as reasonable, at least from their point of view. 对成长中的一代人来说，相关的问题不是我们的社会是否完美（我们可以想当然地认为是这 样），而是应该如何去应付它。 The relevant question for the arriving generation is not whether our society is imperfect (we can take that for granted), but how to deal with it. 尽管这个社会严酷而不合情理，但它毕竟是我们惟一拥有的世界。 For all its harshness and irrationality, it is the only world we’ ve got. 因此，选择一个办法去应付这个社会是刚刚步入成年的年轻人必须作出的第一个决定，这通 常是他们一生中最重要的决定。 Choosing a strategy to cope with it, then, is the first decision young adults have to make, and usually the most important decision of their lifetime. 根据我的发现，他们的基本选择只有四种： So far as I have been able to discover, there are only four basic alternatives: 1）脱离传统社会
Bazaar (n.) (东方国家的)市场，集市cavern (n．) 洞穴，山洞(尤指大洞穴，大山洞) shadowy (adj.)模糊的；朦胧的consonant(音调)和谐的，悦耳的throng (n.)人群；群集conceivable (adj.)可想象的，想得到的din (n.)喧闹声，嘈杂声muted (adj.)(声音)减弱的 vaulted ( adj．)arched穹窿形的；拱形的sepulchral(n．)洞穴，山洞guild ( n．) 互助会；协会trestle (n.)支架；脚手台架；搁凳impinge (v．) 撞击，冲击，冲撞；对具有影响fairyland (n.) 仙境；奇境burnish ( v．)h擦亮；磨光；抛光brazier ( n.)火盆；火钵 dim ( v．)(使)变暗淡；(使)变模糊rhythmic /rhythmical ( adj．)有韵律的；有节奏的bellows (单复同)风箱intricate错综复杂的；精心制作的exotic 奇异的；异常迷人的sumptuous 豪华的；奢侈的；昂贵的maze ( n.) 迷津；迷宫；曲径honeycomb ( v．)使成蜂窝状mosque 清真寺；伊斯兰教堂 caravanserai 东方商队(或旅行队)的客店disdainful ( n.) 轻视的，轻蔑的；傲慢的bale ( n.) 大包，大捆linseed ( n.) 亚麻籽somber ( adj．)阴沉的；昏暗的pulp ( n.) 浆 ramshackle 要倒塌似的，摇摇欲坠的．dwarf 使矮小；使无足轻重；使(相形之下)显得渺小；使相形见绌 vat ( n.)大缸；大桶nimble ( adj．) 灵活的；敏捷的girder ( n.)大梁trickle ( n.细流；涓流 ooze ( v．)渗出；慢慢地流runnel小溪；小沟；小槽glisten (v．)(湿的表面或光滑面)反光；闪耀，闪光taut ( adj．)(绳子等)拉紧的，绷紧的thre ad one’s way小心，缓慢地挤过(不断地改变方向) follow suit赶潮流，学样narrow down缩小(范围，数字等) beat down(与卖主)往下砍价 make a point of认为是必要的take a hand帮助，帮忙 throw one’s weight on to (sth．)使劲压在(某物)上set…in motion使…一运动，移动 (选自埃德?凯编播的美国广播节目) 词汇(V ocabulary) reportorial ( adj.)报道的，报告的kimono和服preoccupation ( n.)令人全神贯注的事物 oblivious ( adj.) 忘却的；健忘的(常与of或to连用) bob ( v．) 上下跳动，晃动；行屈膝礼 ritual ( adj.) 仪式的，典礼的facade ( n.)(房屋)正面，门面lurch ( v．)突然向前(或向侧面)倾斜intermezzo ( n.)插曲；间奏曲gigantic ( adj.)巨大的，庞大的，其大无比的usher ( n.)门房；传达员 heave (v．) (费劲或痛苦地)发出(叹息、呻吟声等) barge ( n.) 大驳船；(尤指用于庆典的)大型游艇moor ( v．) 系泊；锚泊arresting (adj.)引人注目的；有趣的beige ( adj.) 米黄色；浅灰黄色的tatami ( n.) 日本人家里铺在地板上的稻草垫，榻榻米 stunning ( adj.) [口]极其漂亮的；极其出色的twinge ( n.) 刺痛，剧痛；痛心，懊悔，悔恨，内疚 slay ( v.) 杀害；毁掉linger ( v．) 苟延；历久犹存agony ( n.) (精神上或肉体上的)极度痛苦 inhibit ( v．) 抑制(感情等)；约束(行动等) spinal ( adj. ) d脊背的；脊柱的；脊髓的 agitated颤抖的；不安的，焦虑的；激动的reverie 梦想；幻想；白日梦heinous极可恨的极可恶的极坏的cataclysm ( n.)灾变(尤指洪水、地震等) demolish ( v拆毁，拆除；破坏，毁坏formaldehyde ( n.)[化]甲醛ether ( n.) [化]醚；乙醚humiliate ( v．)使受辱，使丢脸genetic (adj.)遗传的 have a lump in one’s throat如哽在喉，哽咽(因压制激动的情绪所致，如爱、悲伤等) on one’s mind占领某人的思绪，一直在想的(尤指忧虑的来源) rub shoulders with与(人们)联系，交往 set off:开始(旅行，赛跑等) flash by／alorig／past／through:急速向某方向运动 by trade:以…为谋生之道(尤指以制造某物为业) sink in: (指话语等)完全理解 horde ( n.) 群，人群croquet 槌球游戏luncheon ( n.)午餐；午宴；午餐(聚)会 Nazi (adj. & n.)德国国社党的，纳粹党的；纳粹党党员，纳粹分子cow ( v恫吓，吓唬，威胁indistinguishable ( adj. ) 不能区别的，不能辨别的，难区分的devoid ( adj.) 完全没有的，缺乏的(后接of) excel ( v优于；胜过ferocious ( adj.)凶猛的，残忍的；凶恶的unsay ( v)取消(前言)；收回(前言)
1、这家公司是由几名有事业心得年轻人创立的。 This company was started by a couple of enterprising young men. 2、那是他唯一一次自己在午夜前睡觉的，因为他实在太累了。 It was the only time when he went to bed of his own accord before midnight, because he was really too tired. 3、经过长时间的仔细酝酿，书才得以完成。 Many hours of meticulous preparation have gone into writing the book.. 4、她从头到脚穿着一身黑。 She was attired from head to foot in black. 5、为攒我们去度假的钱，我节衣缩食整整一年。 I have been scrimping and saving all the year to pay for our holiday. 6、我知道他是好意，但我希望他别来管我们。 I know he is well-meaning, but I wish he’d leave us alone. 7、当有人指出他犯错误时，他非常生气。 He became very indignant when it was suggested he had made a mistake. 8、说了多少次了，安东尼，刀子和叉子要放入中间的抽屉。 I have told you for umpteen th times, Anthony, knives and forks go in the middle drawer. 9、缝纫恐怕不是我的专长。 I am afraid sewing is not my forte. 10、观众热烈的欢迎使她十分高兴。 She was buoy ed by the warm reception her audience gave her. 1、他一直努力把自己重新塑造成一名演员。 She kept trying to reinvent herself as an actress. 2、导演的新片回归到早期的电影风格。 The director’s latest film harks back to the early years of cinema. 3、教授指出了那位博士提出的新理论中一些内在的缺陷。 The professor pointed out some of the inherent defects of the new theory proposed by that doctor. 4、即便是在今天，有些传统风俗在农村地区仍然流行着。 Even today, some of the traditional customs still prevail in rural areas. 5、禁烟运动对年轻人产生了不小的影响。 The anti-smoking campaign made quite an impact on young people. 6、她的报道文章言简意赅。 Her newspaper articles are terse and to the point. 7、这一事件引发了一场两国之间的外交争端。 The incident sparked a diplomatic controversy between the two countries. 8、他的英语作文错误很多，因为他是在截止日期前匆匆写出来的。 There are many mistakes in his English composition ,because he had dashed it off just before the deadline. 9、所有的售货员似乎都带着同样假惺惺的微笑。 All sales people seem to have the same phony smile. 10、你有没有想过从事工程师这一行。 Have you ever thought of taking up engineering? 1、她欣然接受了那笔钱。 She accepted the money with alacrity.
这是我整理的，希望对大家有用。蓝色部分是重点词汇。 第一课 1、一条蜿蜒的小路隐没在树荫深处。 A winding path loses itself in the shadowy distance of the woods. 2、集市上有许多小摊子，出售的货物应有尽有。 At the bazaar, there are many stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold. 3、我真不知道到底是什么事让他如此生气。 I really don’t know what it is that has made him so angry. 4、新出土的铜花瓶造型优美，可有精细、复杂的传统图案。 The newly unearthed bronze vase is pleasing in form and engraved with delicate and intricate traditional designs. … 5、在山的那一边是一望无际的大草原。 Beyond the mountains there is a vast grassland that extends as far as the eye can see. 6、他们决定买那座带有汽车房的房子。 They decided to buy that house with a garage attached. 7、教师们坚持对学生严格要求。 The teachers make a point of be ing strict with the students. 8、这个小女孩很喜欢她的父亲。 The girl is very much attached to her father. 9、为了实现四个现代化，我们认为有必要学习国外的先进科学技术。 To achieve the four modernization, we make a point of learn ing from the advanced science and technology of other countries. | 10、黄昏临近时，天渐渐暗下来了。 As dusk fell, daylight faded away. 11徒工仔细地观察他的师傅，然后照着干。 The apprentice watched his master carefully and then followed suit. 12、吃完饭弗兰克常常帮助洗餐具。 Frank often took a hand in the washing-up after dinner.
高级英语第二册课文翻译 Unit1 Pub Talk and the King's English 酒吧闲聊与标准英语 亨利?费尔利 人类的一切活动中，只有闲谈最宜于增进友谊，而且是人类特有的一种活动。动物之间的信息交流，不论其方式何等复杂，也是称不上交谈的。 闲谈的引人人胜之处就在于它没有一个事先定好的话题。它时而迂回流淌，时而奔腾起伏，时而火花四射，时而热情洋溢，话题最终会扯到什么地方去谁也拿不准。要是有人觉得“有些话要说”，那定会大煞风景，使闲聊无趣。闲聊不是为了进行争论。闲聊中常常会有争论，不过其目的并不是为了说服对方。闲聊之中是不存在什么输赢胜负的。事实上，真正善于闲聊的人往往是随时准备让步的。也许他们偶然间会觉得该把自己最得意的奇闻轶事选出一件插进来讲一讲，但一转眼大家已谈到别处去了，插话的机会随之而失，他们也就听之任之。 或许是由于我从小混迹于英国小酒馆的缘故吧，我觉得酒瞎里的闲聊别有韵味。酒馆里的朋友对别人的生活毫无了解，他们只是临时凑到一起来的，彼此并无深交。他们之中也许有人面临婚因破裂，或恋爱失败，或碰到别的什么不顺心的事儿，但别人根本不管这些。他们就像大仲马笔下的三个火枪手一样，虽然日夕相处，却从不过问彼此的私事，也不去揣摸别人内心的秘密。 有一天晚上的情形正是这样。人们正漫无边际地东扯西拉，从最普通的凡人俗事谈到有关木星的科学趣闻。谈了半天也没有一个中心话题，事实上也不需要有一个中心话题。可突然间大伙儿的话题都集中到了一处，中心话题奇迹般地出现了。我记不起她那句话是在什么情况下说出来的——她显然不是预先想好把那句话带到酒馆里来说的，那也不是什么非说不可的要紧话——我只知道她那句话是随着大伙儿的话题十分自然地脱口而出的。 “几天前，我听到一个人说‘标准英语’这个词语是带贬义的批评用语，指的是人们应该尽量避免使用的英语。” 此语一出，谈话立即热烈起来。有人赞成，也有人怒斥，还有人则不以为然。最后，当然少不了要像处理所有这种场合下的意见分歧一样，由大家说定次日一早去查证一下。于是，问题便解决了。不过，酒馆闲聊并不需要解决什么问题，大伙儿仍旧可以糊里糊涂地继续闲扯下去。 告诉她“标准英语”应作那种解释的原来是个澳大利亚人。得悉此情，有些人便说起刻薄话来了，说什么囚犯的子孙这样说倒也不足为怪。这样，在五分钟内，大家便像到澳大利亚游览了一趟。在那样的社会里，“标准英语”自然是不受欢迎的。每当上流社会想给“规范英语”制订一些条条框框时，总会遭到下层人民的抵制 看看撒克逊农民与征服他们的诺曼底统治者之间的语言隔阂吧。于是话题又从19世纪的澳大利亚囚犯转到12世纪的英国农民。谁对谁错，并没有关系。闲聊依旧热火朝天。 有人举出了一个人所共知，但仍值得提出来发人深思的例子。我们谈到饭桌上的肉食时用法语词，而谈到提供这些肉食的牲畜时则用盎格鲁一撒克逊词。猪圈里的活猪叫pig，饭桌上吃的猪肉便成了pork(来自法语pore)；地里放牧着的牛叫cattle，席上吃的牛肉则叫beef(来自法语boeuf)；Chicken用作肉食时变成poultry(来自法语poulet)；calf加工成肉则变成veal(来自法语vcau)。即便我们的菜单没有为了装洋耍派头而写成法语，我们所用的英语仍然是诺曼底式的英语。这一切向我们昭示了诺曼底人征服之后英国文化上所存在的深刻的阶级裂痕。 撒克逊农民种地养畜，自己出产的肉自己却吃不起，全都送上了诺曼底人的餐桌。农民们只能吃到在地里乱窜的兔子。兔子肉因为便宜，诺曼底贵族自然不屑去吃它。因此，活兔子和吃的兔子肉共用rabbit
Lesson 1: The Middle Eastern Bazaar bazaar (n.) : (in Oriental countries)a market or street of shops and stalls(东方国家的)市场，集市 cavern (n．) : a cave，esp．a large cave 洞穴，山洞(尤指大洞穴，大山洞) shadowy (adj.) : dim；indistinct模糊的；朦胧的 FONT style="BACKGROUNDCOLOR: cornflowerblue" color=white>harmonious (adj．) : having musical tones combined to give a pleasing effect；consonant(音调)和谐的，悦耳的／harmoniously adv． throng (n.) :a great number of people gathered together；crowd人群；群集 conceivable (adj.) : that can be conceived，imagined 可想象的，想得到的 din (n.) : a loud，continuous noise喧闹声，嘈杂声 muted (adj.) : (of a sound)made softer than is usual(声音)减弱的vaulted ( adj．) : having the form of a vault；arched穹窿形的；拱形的 sepulchral(n．) : （声音）低沉忧郁的 a sepulchral voice 低沉忧郁的嗓音 阴森的，阴沉的a sepulchral look 阴沉的脸色 a rather sepulchral atmosphere in the room 房间里颇为阴沉的气氛 shadowy (adj.) : suggestive of the grave or burial；dismal；gloomy坟墓般的；阴森森的 guild ( n．) : any association for mutual aid and the promotion of common interests互助会；协会 trestle (n.) :a frame consising of a horizontal beam fastened to two pairs of spreading legs，used to support planks to form a table，platform，etc．支架；脚手台架；搁凳 impinge (v．) : strike，hit，or dash；have an effect撞击，冲击，冲撞；对……具有影响
高英答案翻译
Lesson10 The Trial That Rocked the World I． 1)In the 1920s，when he was a teacher at a secondary school in Dayton，a little town in the mountains of Tenessee，he was charged with teaching evolution and had to be present in the court．The trial。however，rocked the world．After the trial，he studied at the University of Chicago and became a geologist for an oil company later． 2)The struggles were in fact struggles between ignorance and wisdom．religion and science．That showed the spread of science and truth was no easy task．3)Because the result would effect the whole country，even the world． 4)Darrow and Malone thought that the Bible could co—exist with the Evolution Theory and it was acceptable for a Christion to be an evolutionist．Besides，the Bible should not be interpreted and accepted literally．Bryan just thought the opposite way. 5) The trial began with prayer by a local
第一课 1)一条蜿蜒的小路淹没在树荫深处。 A zig-zag path loses itself in the shadowy distance of the woods. 2）集市上有许多小摊子，出售的货物应有尽有。 At the bazaar there are many stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold. 3）我真不知道到底是什么事让他如此生气。 I really don't know what it is that has made him so angry. 4）新出土的铜花瓶造型优美，刻有精细、复杂的传统图案。The newly unearthed bronze vase is pleasing in form and engraved with delicate and intricate traditional designs. 5）在山的那边是一望无际的大草原。 Beyond the mountains there is a vast grassland that extends as far as the eye can see. 6）他们决定买那座带有汽车房的房子。 They decided to buy that house with. a garage attached. 7）教师们坚持对学生严格要求。 The teachers make a point of being strict with the students. 8）这个小女孩非常喜欢他的父亲。 This little girl is very much attached to her father. 9）为实现四个现代化，我们认为有必要学习外国的先进科学技术。 To achieve the four modernization, we make a point of learning
《高级英语》课文逐句翻译（12） 我为什么写作 Lesson 12：Why I Write 从很小的时候，大概五、六岁，我知道长大以后将成为一个作家。 From a very early age，perhaps the age of five or six，I knew that when I grew up I should be a writer. 从15到24岁的这段时间里，我试图打消这个念头，可总觉得这样做是在戕害我的天性，认为我迟早会坐下来伏案著书。 Between the ages of about seventeen and twenty-four I tried to adandon this idea，but I did so with the consciousness that I was outraging my true nature and that sooner or later I should have to settle down and write books. 三个孩子中，我是老二。老大和老三与我相隔五岁。8岁以前，我很少见到我爸爸。由于这个以及其他一些缘故，我的性格有些孤僻。我的举止言谈逐渐变得很不讨人喜欢，这使我在上学期间几乎没有什么朋友。 I was the middle child of three，but there was a gap of five years on either side，and I barely saw my father before I was eight- For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely，and I soon developed disagreeable mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my schooldays. 我像一般孤僻的孩子一样，喜欢凭空编造各种故事，和想像的人谈话。我觉得，从一开始，我的文学志向就与一种孤独寂寞、被人冷落的感觉联系在一起。我知道我有驾驭语言的才能和直面令人不快的现实的能力。这一切似乎造就了一个私人的天地，在此天地中我能挽回我在日常生活中的不得意。 I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories and holding conversations with imaginary persons，and I think from the very start my literary ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of being isolated and undervalued. 我知道我有驾驭语言的才能和直面令人不快的现实的能力。这一切似乎造就了一个私人的天地，在此天地中我能挽回我在日常生活中的不得意。 I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing unpleasant facts，and I felt that this created a sort of private world in which I could get my own back for my failure 还是一个小孩子的时候，我就总爱把自己想像成惊险传奇中的主人公，例如罗宾汉。但不久，我的故事不再是粗糙简单的自我欣赏了。它开始趋向描写我的行动和我所见所闻的人和事。
Lesson 1 adulation 过分赞扬，奉承amphitheater 圆形露天剧场baptismal 洗礼的bewilderment 迷惑；慌乱，不知所措 clown 小丑 coliseum 体育场 conceive 设想，想出，想像crunch 发出嘈杂声地走disaffection 不满editorialize 报刊发表评论embody 表达embodiment 体现，表示gasp 喘气 ghoul 食尸鬼 guillotine 断头台 jug 有柄的水罐 lyrics 歌词；抒情诗onstage 在台上，上台piety 虔诚 pilgrimage 朝圣 rambler 漫步者；漫谈者rebellion 造反，叛乱，反抗reverence 崇敬，尊敬 sociological 社会的，社会学 的 sociologist 社会学家 sprinkle 喷，撒，洒 swelter 热气逼人，汗流浃背 variety show 歌舞杂耍表演， 演出 surge 汹涌，彭湃 Lesson Two affluent 富裕的，富有的 antecedent 先例，祖先 barricade 障碍，路障 batten on 靠损害他人养活自 己 bucolic 田园的，农村生活的 cancerous 似癌症的，癌症 的 charismatic 具有超凡魅力的 cleanse 彻底清洁 to be cleansed of something 彻底清除 disillusionment 幻想破灭，醒 悟 clod 泥块 clutter 使杂乱，散乱 distasteful 令人讨厌的 dwindling 减少，缩小 exasperating 令人气恼的，恼 人的 expedient 权宜之计，应急措施 flee 逃走，逃离，逃避 formidable 令人畏惧的 guise 伪装，假装 hallucinogen 幻觉剂 hard-faced 面貌严厉的 holocaust 大屠杀，浩劫 idealistic 理想主义者的 insoluble 无法解决的 insuperable 无法克服的 irrationality 不合理