不规则动词过去式和过去分词归纳
A. 原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同.
cost---cost---cost cut---cut---cut put---put---put
let---let---let set---set---set 设置hit---hit---hit
shut-shut-shut hurt-hurt-hurt read-read-read 读音/e/ lie-lied-lied 说谎lay-laid-laid 放置，下蛋
lay--- lain 躺下，位于，平放
B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同
1. 过去式和过去分词中含有ought, aught, 读音是［:t］
bright--brought--brought think--thought--thought buy--bought--bought catch-caught-caught teach - taught -taught
2. 动词原形中的e变为o，变成过去式和过去分词。
Get---got---got sell---sold---sold tell---told---told
3. 动词原形中i变为a, … sit---sat---sat spit---spat---spat
4. 动词原形中i变为o, … win---won---won
shine---shone/ shined---shone / shined
5. 动词原形中an 变oo, stand-stood-stood understand-understood-understood
6. 动词原形中的ay为ai,… say---said---said pay---paid---paid
7. a）动词原形中的d为t,… send---sent---sent lend---lent---lent Spend---spent---spent build---built---built
b ) 动词原形最后一个字母改为t , smell---smelt---smelt
lose---lost---lost
c ) 动词原形后加一个t, learn---learnt---learnt mean---meant---meant
读音/e/
d ) 动词原形中的ee去掉一个字母e, 然后在词尾加t.字母e发音/e/
feel---felt---felt sleep---slept---slept
sweep---swept---swept keep---kept--- kept
其它
meet---met---met have---had---had
hold---held---held
make---made---made dig---dug---dug
hear--heard--heard
find---found---found hang---hung---hung
C.原型与过去分词相同
come--came--come run--ran--run become--became--become
D. 原形，过去式，和过去分词完全不同
1. 把动词原形中i改为a变成过去式，改成u变成过去分词．
begin -- began --begun drink--drank--drunk ring--rang--rung
swim--swam--swum sing--sang--sung
2. 把动词原形中o改为e变成过去式，在原形词尾加n变成过去分词．
blow--blew--blown grow--grew--grown
know--knew--known
throw -- threw -- thrown fly --flew /flu:/ --flown ( 和以上相似)
3. 以下动词的过去分词都以en结尾，故把它们分为一类．
a ) 把动词原形中i改为o变成过去式，在词尾加n变成过去分词．
drive--drove--driven rise--rose--risen
write--wrote--written (双写t ) ride--rode--ridden (双写d )
b ) 把动词原形中ea改为o, 在词尾加e变成过去式，在过去式后加n变成过去分词．
speak--spoke--spoken steal--stole--stolen break--broke--broken c ) 把动词原形中的个别字母或字母组合改为o变成过去式, 在过去式后加n变成过去分词．
wake----woke----woken freeze----froze----frozen
choose----chose----chosen forget----forgot----forgotten （双写t，加en ）d) 其它过去分词以en结尾的动词
eat----ate----eaten beat---- beat --beaten
fall----fell----fallen
give----gave----given see----saw----seen
take----took----taken
mistake---- mistook----- mistaken hide----hid----hidden （双写d ）
E. 没有过去分词的动词
can ----- could －may---- might －
shall---- should－will ---- would－
其它
am, is ---- was----- been are-----were--- been do-----did----- done draw-----drew----- drawn[dr??n]go-----went-----gone
show----showed----shown wear--- wore ---- worn
电话：66000200 初中英语开卷有益 ——————————————————————————————————————————————————— 励志语录: pain past is pleasure 过去的痛苦即快乐。纽威教育1 不规则动词巧记表 AAA型过去式、过去分词与原形一致 原形过去式过去分词词义 cut cut cut 切、割 shut shut shut 关、闭（门窗） put put put 放置 let let let 让 set set set 设置 hit hit hit 撞击 hurt hurt hurt 受伤；疼痛 cost cost cost 值…钱；花费 read [ri:d] read [red] read [red] 朗读；阅读 AAB型过去式与原形一致 beat beat beaten 击败 ABA型过去分词与原形一致 run ran run 跑步；逃跑 come came come 来 become became become 变得；成为 ABB型过去式与过去分词一致 1.buy bought bought 买 2.fight fought fought 打架；打仗 3.think thought thought 想；认为 4.seek sought sought 寻找；探究 5.bring brought brought 带来 6.catch caught caught 抓住；接住 7.teach taught taught 教；教书 8.lend lent lent 借出 9.send sent sent 送；派遣 10.spend spent spent 花费（时间、金钱） 11.build built built 建设；建立 12.feel felt felt 感觉；摸起来 13.leave left left 离开 14.keep kept kept 保持；保留 15.sleep slept slept 睡觉 16.oversleep overslept overslept 睡过头
一般情况下:动词的过去分词就是这个动词的过去式形式 规则动词的过去式变化如下： 一般情况下，动词词尾加 -ed ，如：worked played wanted acted 以不发音的 -e 结尾动词，动词词尾加 -d，如： lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped 以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i 再加-ed，如： studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 -ed，如： stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped 注：不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。 go - went make - made get - got buy - bought come - came fly-flew
动词过去式,过去分词不规则变化AB型 can could shall should will would may might AAA型 cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt let let let must must must put put put set set set shut shut shut read read read AAB型 beat beat beaten ABA型 become became become come came come run ran run
动词 1. A---A---A型（原形、过去式和过去分词同形） bet-----bet-----bet 打赌 broadcast-----broadcast-----broadcast 广播 burst-----burst-----burst 爆发 cost----- cost----- cost 花费 cut----- cut----- cut 割，切 hit----- hit--- hit 打 hurt-----hurt-----hurt 伤 let----- let----- let 让 put----- put----- put 放下 read----- read----- read 读 shut----shut----shut 关上，停业 set----set----set 点燃，凝固 spread-----spread-----spread 传播 upset----upset-----upset 心烦，扰乱 2.A---A---B型（现在式和过去式同形） beat----- beat----- beaten 打 3.A---B---A型（现在式和过去分词同形） come----- came----- come 来 become----- became----- become 变 run----- ran----- run 跑 4. A---B---B型 （1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t或直接加-ed构成过去式或过去分词。burn----- burnt----- burnt 燃烧 deal-----dealt-----dealt 处理 dream-----dreamed-----dreamed 梦想 hang-----hanged-----hanged 悬挂 hear-----heard-----heard 听见
1. A---A---A 型（原形、过去式和过去分词同形） bet——bet——bet 打赌 broadcast——broadcast——broadcast 广播 burst——burst——burst 爆发 CoSt—— cost—— cost 花费 CUt——CUt——CUt 害割,切 hit——hit--- hit 打 hurt——hurt——hurt 伤 let—— let—— let 让 PUt—— PUt—— PUt 放下 read——read——read 读 shut----shut----shut 关上，停业 Set—Set—Set 点燃，凝固 SPread——SPread——SPread 传播 UPSet----UPSet——UPSet 心烦，扰舌L 2. A---A---B 型（现在式和过去式同形） beat——beat——beate n 打 3. A---B---A 型（现在式和过去分词同形） Come——Came——Come 来 become——became——become 变 run—— ran—— run 跑 4. A---B---B 型 （1 ）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母 d 或t或直接加-ed 构成过去式或过去分词burn——burnt——burnt 燃烧 deal——dealt——dealt 处理 dream——dreamed——dreamed 梦想 hang——hanged——han ged 悬挂
hear——heard——heard 听见
学习 Iight- --lighted--- --lighted 照亮 mea n- ----meant- ----meant 意思 Shine- ----Shin ed-- ----Shi ned 擦亮，照耀 smell- - ---smelled ——smelled 嗅，闻 spell-- - --spelled-- ---spelled 拼写 spill---- -SPiIIed---- -spilled 流出，使溢出 spoil--- --spoilt — — -spoilt 溺爱，掠夺 Iearn ——Iearned/learnt ——Iear ned/lear nt Wake —Waked / Woke —Waked / Woke 醒着 (2 ) 把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“ d ” 改为“t bend ——bent ——bent 弯曲 构成过去式或过去分词 Ien d--- --Ien t--- -Ient 借给 Sen d-- ---se nt- ---- Sent 送 SPe nd ——SPent ——SPe nt 花费 (3)其他 bring-- ---brought ——brought 带来 buy--- -bought ——bought 买 CatC h- ----caught ——CaUght 赶上，抓住 dig---- -dug---- -dug 挖 feed--- --fed--- --fed 喂养 feel--- -felt---- -felt 感觉 fight--- --fought ——fought 斗争 fin d---- -found- ----found 发现 get---- -got----- got 得到 have-- ---had- - ---had 有 hang-- --- hung ——hung 悬挂 hold--- --held- - ---held 支持, 拥有 lay —— laid —— laid 躺下 lead--- --led —— -led 引导 build ——built ——built 建筑 leave ——left ——left 离开
动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则：动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 规则变化: 1. 一般情况直接加ed，如ask—asked, work—worked 2. 以不发音的e结尾，只加d，如love—loved, dance—danced 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变为i，再加ed，如try—tried, study—studied 4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结 尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped, permit—permitted 现在分词的变化规则： 1、一般在词尾加-ing（一般-ing）。例如：going，playing，knowing 2、以不发音的字母e结尾，先去e再加-ing（去e）。例如：making，arriving，coming 3、以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing（重闭单辅先双写）。例如：running，stopping，preferring 4、以-ie结尾，先将-ie改成y，再加-ing。例如：tying，dying, lying 口诀：现在进行ing,以e 结尾要去e，除去几个特殊词，系住tie-tying死去die-dying要躺下lie-lying，直接ie变成y, 一元一辅双写辅（单音节的词）。 把原形变单数第三人称方法 1、一般情况加S 2、以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的加es 3、y前是辅音改y为i加es 4、特殊情况have变has 规则的可数名词的复数变化规则： 1.一般情况加s ：book-- books mouth---mouths house---houses girl---girls 2.以s 、sh 、ch 、x结尾的加es ：class--- classes box----boxes match----matches 3.辅音字母+ y结尾的变y为i加es：city---cities country----countries party----parties factory----factories 4.以o 结尾的词+es的只有以下词：heroes Negroes tomatoes potatoes zeroes/zeros 以o 结尾并且词尾有两个元音字母+s radios, zoos, bamboos ,(pianos ,kilos photos) 5.以f，fe 结尾的变f或fe为v +es ：
原形过去式过去分词原形过去式过去分词原形过去式过去分词begin began begun be was/were been feel felt felt bring brought brought swim swam swum fight fought fought buy bought bought sweep swept swept find found found catch caught caught take took taken fly flew flown come came come teach taught taught get got got cut cut cut tell told told give gave given do did done think thought thought go went gone draw drew drawn throw threw thrown grow grew grown drink drank drunk understa nd understoo d understo od have had had drive drove driven wear wore worn hear heard heard eat ate eaten write wrote written know knew known put put put run ran run leave left left read read read say said said lose lost lost ride rode ridden see saw seen make made made ring rang rung sell sold sold meet met met rise rose risen send sent sent spend spent spent shut shut shut set set set stand stood stood sing sang sung sweep swept swept sleep slept slept sit sat sat speak spoke spoken 原形过去式过去分词原形过去式过去分词原形过去式过去分词begin began begun be was/were been feel felt felt bring brought brought swim swam swum fight fought fought buy bought bought sweep swept swept find found found catch caught caught take took taken fly flew flown come came come teach taught taught get got got cut cut cut tell told told give gave given do did done think thought thought go went gone draw drew drawn throw threw thrown grow grew grown drink drank drunk understa nd understoo d understo od have had had drive drove driven wear wore worn hear heard heard eat ate eaten write wrote written know knew known put put put run ran run leave left left read read read say said said lose lost lost ride rode ridden see saw seen make made made ring rang rung sell sold sold meet met met rise rose risen send sent sent spend spent spent
常用动词的过去式、过去分词不规则变化的规律 （史上最全） 一、A—A—A型，即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。（共9个） 1. cost[k?st]—cost—cost---costing['k?st??]---costs[k?sts] n.价格, 成本, 费用；代价, 损失 vi.价钱为; 花费 vt.付出(代价), 失去；估价 2. cut[k?t]—cut—cut---cutting['k?t??]---cuts vt. & vi.切, 剪, 割, 削 vt.削减；挖成; 刻成；使(某人)感到疼痛或痛苦；(直线)与(另一条直线)相交；不出席, 不到场；灌制(唱片) n.切, 割, 砍; 用刀等割的破口；减少, 降低; 删减；裁剪样式；伤感情的话或行为 3. hit[hit]—hit—hit---hitting---hits vt. & vi.打, 打击；碰撞 vt.伤害, 殃及 n.一击, 击中；成功而风行一时的事物 4. hurt[h?:t]—hurt—hurt---hurting---hurts vt.使受伤; 伤害；vi.疼痛 vt. & vi.对…有害; 对…有不良影响 n.肉体上的伤害[痛苦]；精神上的痛苦[创伤] 5. let[let]—let—let ---letting vt.让, 使；放掉, 松掉；vt. & vi.出租 6. put[put]—put—put---putting vt.放; 置；使处于(某种状态)；表达, 叙述, 说明 7. read[ri:d]—read—read ---reading vt. & vi.读; 看懂, 理解；vt.显示; 标明 8. set[set]—set—set---setting---sets vt.放, 搁置；vi.(日、月等)落, 下沉；(植物)结子, 结果 n.(一)套, (一)副；收音机; 电视机 adj.固定的; 指定的；不变的 9. shut[??t]—shut—shut ---shutting---shuts vt. & vi.关, 关上
八年级英语动词过去式及过去分词归纳choose 选择chose- chosen （分类）build （建造）built- built forget forgot-forgotten （1）AAA 型（动词原形、过去式、lend （借出）lent -lent freeze （结冰）froze- frozen 过去分词同形）send （传送）sent -sent speak （说）spoke -spoken cost （花费）cost cost spend （花费）spent -spent wake （醒）woke- woken cut （割）cut cut lose （丢失）lost- lost drive （驾驶）drove- driven hit （打）hit hit burn （燃烧）burnt -burnt eat （吃）ate- eaten hurt 伤害）hurt hurt learn （学习）learnt- learnt fall （落下）fell- fallen let （让）let let mean （意义）meant -meant give （给）gave- given put （放）put put catch （抓住caught- caught rise （升高）rose -risen read （读）read read teach （教）taught- taught take （取）took- taken hide spread （伸展/ 传播） spread bring（带来brought- brought hide （躲藏）hid -hidden spread fight （战斗）fought- fought buy （买）bought- bought ride （骑）rode- ridden write （写）wrote- written （2）AAB 型（动词原形与过去think （想）thought -thought do （做）did -done 式同形）hear （听见）heard -heard go （去）went -gone beat （跳动）beat beaten sell （卖）sold- sold tell （告诉） told -told lie （撒谎/躺）lay- lain see （看见）saw- seen （3）ABA 型（动词原形与过去find （找到）found found wear （穿）wore- worn 分词同形）have/has（有） had had tear （撕裂）tore - torn become-became -become make （制造）made made bear （生育，忍受） bore- born come- came- come run- ran -run stand （站）stood stood leave （离 开）left- left feel （感觉）felt- felt be （ am, is, are ）（是）was, were been （4）ABB 型（过去式与过去分smell （闻）smelt- smelt 词同形）smell （闻）smelled smelled dig （挖）dug -dug spell（拼写）spelt- spelt get- got- got forget forget spell（拼写）spelled-spelled forget-forgot-foegot understand-understood- understood hang 吊死hanged hanged hang （悬挂）hung- hung （5）ABC 型（动词原形、过去 hold （抓住）held- held 式与过去分词三者不同形） lay （产卵） laid- laid said- begin （开始）began- begun pay （付款）paid-paid drink （喝）drank drunk sink say （说）said- said sink （沉下） sank-snuk shine （照耀）shone -shone ring （铃响）rang- rung sit （坐）sat- sat sing （唱）sang- sung win （赢）won -won swim （游泳）swam- swum meet （遇见）met- met feed blow （吹）blew- blown feed （饲养）fed- fed draw （画）drew- drawn keep （保持）kept- kept fly （飞）flew- flown sleep （睡）slept- slept grow （生长）grew- grown sweep （扫）swept- swept know （知道）knew- known feel （感觉）felt- felt throw （投掷）threw- thrown smell （闻）smelt- smelt show 出示showed- shown leave （离开）left- left break （打破）broke- broken
原形过去式过去分词baby-sit临时照顾baby-sat baby-sat be(am/is/are)是was/were been beat 击打beat beaten become 变成became become begin 开始began begun bend 使弯曲bent bent bet 赌bet bet bite 咬bit bitten/bit blow 吹blew blown break 打破broke broken bring 拿来brought brought build 建造built built burn 燃烧burnt/burned burnt/burned buy 买bought bought can 能could cast 抛cast cast catch 捕捉caught caught choose 选择chose chosen come来came come cost花费cost cost cut割cut cut deal 分配dealt dealt dig挖dug dug do /does做did done draw画拉拖drew drawn dream 做梦dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt drink 喝drank drunk drive驾驶drove driven eat吃ate eaten fall 掉落fell fallen feed喂fed fed feel 触摸felt felt fight作战fought fought find 找出found found fly 飞flew flown forbid 禁止forbade/forbad forbidden forget 忘记forgot forgot/forgotten forgive原谅forgave forgiven freeze 结冰froze frozen get 得到got got give给gave given
arise出现arose arisen awake 醒来awoke awaked / awoken baby-sit 临时照顾baby-sat baby-sat be(am/is/are) 是was / were been beat 击打beat beaten become 变成became become begin 开始began begun bend 使弯曲bent bent bet 赌bet bet bite 咬bit bitten / bit blow 吹blew blown break 打破broke broken bring 拿来brought brought build 建造built built burn 燃烧burnt / burned burnt / burned buy 买bought bought can 能could cast 抛cast cast catch捕捉caught caught choose 选择chose chosen come来came come cost 花费cost cost cut 割cut cut deal 分配dealt dealt dig 挖dug dug do / does 做did done draw 画，拉，拖drew drawn dream 做梦dreamt / dreamed dreamt / dreamed drink 喝drank drunk drive驾驶drove driven eat 吃ate eaten fall掉落fell fallen feed 喂fed fed feel 触摸felt felt fight作战fought fought find找出found found ( found 建立founded founded ) fly 飞flew flown forbid禁止forbade / forbad forbidden forget忘记forgot forgotten / forgot forgive原谅forgave forgiven freeze结冰froze frozen get 得到got got give 给gave given go去went gone grow 成长grew grown hang悬挂hung hung have / has 有had had hear听到heard heard hide隐藏hid hidden / hid hit打hit hit hold 拿住held held hurt 受伤hurt hurt keep 保持kept kept know 知道knew known lay铺，放，下蛋laid laid lead 引导led led
不规则动词过去式和过去分词归纳 不规则动词过去式和过去分词 A. 原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同. cost----cost----cost cut----cut----cut put----put----put let----let----let set----set----set hit----hit----hit shut----shut----shut hurt---hurt----hurt read---read----read lie---lied---lied 说谎lay---laid---laid 放置，下蛋 lay--- lain 躺下，位于，平放 eg. The hens don’t _______eggs during such cold weather. She _____ her books on the table. ____ B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同 1. 过去式和过去分词中含有ought, aught, 读音是［:t］ bright----brought----brought think----thought----thought buy----bought----bo ught catch----caught----caught teach ---- taught ----taught 2. 动词原形中的e为o，变成过去式和过去分词。 get----got----got sell----sold----sold tell----told----told 3. 动词原形中i为a, …sit----sat----sat spit----spat----spat
初中英语过去式过去分词归类大全 一、 AAA 型 原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 bet bet bet赌 cut cut cut切，割 cast cast cast抛 cost cost cost花费，值 hit hit hit打、撞、击 hurt hurt hurt使??伤痛 let let let让 put put put放 read read read读 set set set安排 bite bit bit/bitten叮、咬 quit quit/quitted quit/quitted放弃 rid rid/ridded rid/ridded免除 spit spat/spit spat/spit吐出 wet wet/wetted wet/wetted淋湿 二、 ABA 型 原形→过去式原形汉语意思 become became become成为 come came come来 run ran run跑 三、 ABC 型 1.i+1 辅+e过去式 i→o原形 +n give，hide 除外 drive drove driven驾驶 write wrote written写 ride rode ridden骑 1/3 rise rose risen升高 arise arose arisen出现 2.原形 ow→过去式→ ew原形→ own汉语意思 blow blew blown吹 grow grew grown生长 show showed shown展示 know knew known知道 throw threw thrown投掷 fly flew flown飞 3.原形 i→i→ a i→ u汉语意思 begin began begun开始 drink drank drunk喝 sing sang sung唱 swim swam swum游泳 ring rang rung打电话 spring sprang/sprung sprung跳跃 4.原形→原形 +(e)d原形 +(e)n汉语意思 saw sawed sawed/sawn锯 sew sewed sewed/sewn缝合 sow sowed sowed/sown种植 prove proved proved/proven证明 5.无规律过去式过去分词汉语意思 break broke broken打破 speak spoke spoken说 steal stole stolen偷 awake awoke awaked/woken醒来 choose chose chosen选择
常用不规则动词表过去式、过去分词 序号Infinitive原型Pasttense过去式Pastparticiple过去分词 1 baby-sit临时照顾baby-sat baby-sat 2 be(am/is/are)是was/were been 3 beat击打beat beaten 4 become变成became become 5 begin开始began begun 6 bend使弯曲bent bent 7 bet赌bet bet 8 bite咬bit bitten/bit 9 blow吹blew blown 10 break打破broke broken 11 bring拿来brought brought 12 build建造built built 13 burn燃烧burnt/burned burnt/burned 14 buy买bought bought 15 can能could 16 cast抛cast cast 17 catch捕捉caught caught 18 choose选择chose chosen 19 come来came come 20 cost花费cost cost 21 cut割cut cut 22 deal分配dealt dealt 23 dig挖dug dug 24 do/does做did done 25 draw画\拉\拖drew drawn 26 dream做梦dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt 27 drink喝drank drunk 28 drive驾驶drove driven 29 eat吃ate eaten 30 fall掉落fell fallen 31 feed喂fed fed 32 feel触摸felt felt 33 fight作战fought fought 34 find找出found found 35 fly飞flew flown 36 forbid禁止forbade/forbad forbidden 37 forget忘记forgot forgot/forgotten 38 forgive原谅forgave forgiven
初中常用动词的过去式、过去分词不规则变化的规律一、A—A—A型，即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。（共9个） ⑴cost[k?st]—cost—cost---costing['k?st??]---costs[k?sts vi.价钱为; 花费 ⑵cut[k?t]—cut—cut---cutting['k?t??]---cuts vt. & vi.切, 剪, 割, 削 ⑶hit[hit]—hit—hit---hitting---hits vt. & vi.打, 打击；碰撞vt.伤害, 殃及 ⑷hurt[h?:t]—hurt—hurt---hurting---hurts vt.使受伤; 伤害 ⑸let[let]—let—let ---letting vt.让, 使；放掉, 松掉 ⑹put[put]—put—put---putting vt.放; 置；使处于(某种状态)；表达, 叙述, 说明 ⑺read[ri:d]—read—read ---reading vt. & vi.读; 看懂, 理解 ⑻set[set]—set—set---setting---sets vt.放, 搁置 ⑼shut[??t]—shut—shut ---shutting---shuts vt. & vi.关, 关上 二、A—B—B型，即过去式、过去分词相同。（共41个） 1 过去式和过去分词都含有-ought。（3个） ⑴bring[bri?]—brought[br?:t]—brought ---bringing---brings vt.带来, 拿来, 带…到某处, 取来 ⑵buy [bai]— bought [b?:t]—bought ---buying vt. & vi.购买, 购得；做出牺牲以获得 ⑶think [θi?k]—thought [θ?:t]— thought ---thinging vt. & vi.想, 思索；以为; 认为 2 词尾有-ild，-end时，只需把d变为t。（4个） ⑴build [bild]—built [bilt]—built ---building---builds vt. & vi.修建, 建造；开发, 创建 ⑵lend [lend]—lent [lent]— lent---lending vt. & vi.把…借给 ⑶send [send]—sent [sent]—sent ---sending vt.送, 寄; 派遣；使…猛然[迅速]移动 ⑷spend [spend]—spent [spent]— spent ---spending vt. & vi.用钱, 花钱vt.度过; 用尽 3．过去式、过去分词都含有-aught。（2个） ⑴catch [k?t?]—caught [k ?:t]—caught ---catching---catches vt.接住；逮住, 抓住；偶然撞见；赶上, 追上；患病;；理解, 听懂, ⑵teach [ti:t?]—taught [t?:t]—taught ---tesching vt. & vi.教 4．把-eep变为-ept。（3个） ⑴keep [ki:p]—kept [kept]—kept---keeping---keeps vt. & vi. & link v.(使)保持; (使)继续 ⑵sleep [sli:p]—slept[slept]—slept ---sleeping---sleeps v.睡眠 ⑶sweep[swi:p]—swept[swept]—swept ---sweeping---sweeps vt. & vi.扫, 打扫, 拂去；扫视 5 把-ell变为-old。（2个） ⑴tell[tel]—told[t??ld]—told ---telling['tel??] vt.讲, 告诉；吩咐, 命令；表明, 显示vt. & vi.分辨, 辨别 ⑵sell[sel]—sold[s??ld]—sold ---selling[…seli?] vt. & vi.卖; 售; 销 6．过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。（4个） ⑴smell[smel]—smelt—smelt---smelling---smells vt.闻到; 嗅出 ⑵ spell[spel]—spelt[spelt];spelled—spelt;spelled---spelling vt. & vi.拼写, 拼读 ⑶feel[fi:l]—felt[felt]— felt---feeling vt.触, 摸vt. [感觉到]；觉得, 认为 ⑷spill[spil]—spilt[spilt];spilled—spilt;spilled---spilling vt. & vi.溢出; 泼出 7．过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。（3个） ⑴learn[l?:n]—learnt[l ?:nt];learned—learnt;learned---learning vt. & vi.学习; 学; 学会；得知; 获悉; 听说 ⑵mean[mi:n]—meant[ment]—meant---meaning vt.表示…的意思；本意是, 原意为; 意味；怀有某目的; 打算； ⑶spoil[sp?il]—spoilt[sp?? lt]—spoilt---spoiling---spoils[sp?ilz] vt.损坏; 毁掉；溺爱, 宠坏 8．过去式、过去分词词尾是d。（4个） ⑴say[sei]—said[sed]—said---saying vt. & vi.说; 讲 ⑵pay[pei]—paid[pe?d]—paid---paying vt. & vi.付给; 付款；有利可图; (对…)有利, (对…)值得 ⑶lay[lei]—laid[le?d]—laid---laying vt.放置；压倒, 使躺下, 放倒vt. & vi.生蛋, 产卵⑷hear [hi?]—heard [h?:d]—heard---hearing vt. & vi.听到, 听见 9．改变元音字母。（11个） ⑴meet [mi:t]—met [met]—met---meeting vt. & vi.遇见, 碰见, 相见；认识, 结识vt.迎接； ⑵get [ɡet]—got [g?t]—got;gotten ['ɡ?tn]---getting vt.得到, 收到；具有；使得；(去)拿来；vt. & vi.到达, 来, 往 ⑶sit [sit]—sat [s?t]—sat---sitting vt. & vi.(使)坐 ⑷find [faind]—found [faund]—found---finding---finds(单三形式) vt.找到, 发现；发觉, 感到 ⑸hold [h?uld]—held [held]—held---holding---holds(单 三形式) vt.拿, 抱, 握住；认为, 相信；包含; 容纳 ⑹spit [spit]—spat [sp?t];spitted—spat;spitted---spitting vt. & vi.吐痰; 吐出； ⑺shine [?ain]—shone [??? n];shined—shone;shined---shining---shines vi.发光; 反射光; 照耀；表现突出, 出众vt.照射； 〈美〉擦亮 ⑻win [win]—won [w?n, w??n]—won---winning---wins vt. & vi.(在…中)获胜, 赢, 战胜(对手) ⑼hang [h??]—hung [h ??]; hanged—hung; hanged ---hanging ['h????] vt. & vi.悬, 挂, 垂下；(被)绞死, 吊死；贴, 固定, 安装 ⑽dig [diɡ]— dug [d?g]—dug vt. & vi.挖, 掘 ⑾lose [lu:z]—lost [l?:st, l?st]—lost vt.遗失; 失去 10．改变辅音字母。（1个） make [meik]—made [me?d]—made---making---makes vt.做; 制造; 被制造；做出, 制定, 产生；使, 使得； 11 改变元、辅音字母。（4个） ⑴leave [li:v]—left [left]—left vt.把…留下; 遗忘；听任, 让；交托, 委托vt. & vi. 离去, 离开; 出发; ⑵stand [st?nd]—stood [st? d]—stood---standing---stands vt. & vi.站立, (使)直立, 站着 ⑶have [h?v]—had [h?d]—had---having------has[h?z] (have 的第三人称单数现在式) vt.有；持有，具有；含有；吃；喝 ⑷understand[,? nd?'st?nd]—understood—understood---understanding vt. & vi.懂; 理解 三、A—B—C型，即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。 （共35个） 1 i—a—u变化。（6个） 1