21 世纪大学英语读写教程（第四册）课后答案
TEXT A
II
1.He defines greatness as the lasting contribution which a person makes or has made to human civilization.
2.The example of Churchill shows the importance of persistence and dedication in achieving greatness.
3.Firstborns and only children tend to make good leaders in times of crisis, but middle- born children are better peacetime leaders.
4.A 20th century politician should be an effective public speaker and a social person.
5.Intelligence seems to be less important than other factors, such as the ability to communicate effectively.
6.The ability to overcome traditional ways of thinking is also crucial.
7.They simply don’t devote the amount of time required.
8.The study showed that enjoying one ’ s work is the best form of motivation.
2
IV
1.chat
2.acknowledge
3.motivated
4.charcteristic
5.despite
6.influential
7.cited
8.obstacle
9.intrinsic 10.criteria 11.obsession 12.innate
13.contribution(s) 14.contemporary 15.submitted 16.morale
V
1.left behind
2.rise
3.made history
4.were endowed
with
5.put up with
6.going nowhere
7.ifocuses on
8.be built on
9.put in https://www.doczj.com/doc/cd18302733.html,e up with 11.take charge 12.set...apart
efficiency emergency fluency frequency
proficiency tendency urgency sufficiency
1.fluency
2.proficiency
3.emergency
4.Efficiency
5.tendency
6.frequency
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VII
1.For some students, it's not that they don't put in enough time — it's that they don't have good study habits.
2.Children perform differently at school. It's not that they have different
IQs — it's that they are brought up in different environments.
3.The company is not very productive. It's not that its staff aren't talented — it's that their energy hasn't been channeled effectively.
4.I'm really sorry. It's not that I don't want to go to the cinema with you
— it's that I have to finish my paper tonight.
5.You have a stomachache. It's not that the food was bad — it's probably that you have too much stress from your work.
VIII
1.President Wilson didn't try to bring the US back to economic and political isolation. Instead, he believed in international cooperation through an association of nations.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/cd18302733.html,puters don't teach students in groups. Instead, they can help them learn effectively according to their 4
different needs.
3.We shouldn't focus on minor points. Instead, we should try to solve the problem of the greatest urgency at present.
4.He dosen't get anybody else to help him. Instead, he likes to attend to
everything himself.
5.Teaching success shouldn't be measured by the scores the students receive on tests. Instead, it should be measured by whether the students
have internalized the ability and desire to learn.
IX
BCBAD DCABA DABCA
X
西蒙顿说，如果事业上取得巨大成就者具有什么共性的话，那就是一种持续不断地追求成功的动力。“人们往往认为他们天生具有一些超常非凡的东西，”他解释
道。“但研究结果表明，有的伟人并没有惊人的智力。有的只是程度上的差异而已。伟大是建立在大量的学习、实践和献身精神的基础之上的。”他举出二战时期的英国首相温斯顿?丘吉尔作为一个永不放弃的冒险者的典范。丘吉尔在全国上下士气最为低落的时候被推上台，并出色地领导了英国人民。在1940 年盟军敦刻尔克大撤退之后的一次演讲中，他的话激励了全国人民，“我们绝不会衰退、失败。我们将坚持到底……我们永远不会屈服。”
5
XI
1.Americans tend to define people by the jobs they have/do. Such characteristics as their family and educational backgrounds are considered less important.
2.His uncompromising personality explains why he could no longer put up with his employer and eventually submitted his resignation.
3.If you really want to learn English well, you must put in a lot of time and energy, or you'll go nowhere. The same can be said of other subjects.
4.Some actors fame is built on their innate beauty, but despite his short stature, Dustin Hoffman rose above and it is his excellent acting that set him apart.
5.After he took charge, we discovered that there were striking differences between him and his predecessor. He had the drive and passion, came up with many new ideas, and focused his work on how to raise our morale.
6.Deng Xiaoping made history when he declared China's reform and opening-up policy. Despite tremendous obstacles, he made lasting contributions to our country's modernization with his unrelenting efforts.
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7.Why could someone with a genius IQ be left behind by a hardworking person with an average IQ? It has to be acknowledged that besides
one's IQ, many other factors have much to do with one's achievements.
8.This teacher is really remarkable in first motivating her students so she
can really teach them something. It's not that she is talented, it's that she focuses completely or drawing their full attention in class.
第二单元
TEXT A
II
1.He got no thanks for returning a wallet, though he deserved to.
2.He wants to show how much people need gratitude to keep up a
spirit of kindness and cooperation.
3.She saved up for two years, went to
Normandy in person, and gave
her son's gold wristwatch to the woman.
4.He send a short recording expressing his appreciation of the author's thoughtfulness and sent it to the author.
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5.A patient whose life was saved by a blood transfusion came back again and again to donate his blood anonymously so that more patients could be saved.
6.He does it by citing W.H. Hudson's gratitude for his wife's day-to-day heroism.
7.Those people who do little things for us all year round.
8.It can make people take infinite pains with their work.
9.Gratitude is needed all the time and none of us can give too much of it.
III
1.intention
2.sincere
3.glaring
4.sore
5.trace
6.render 4.denial 5.proof
9.tribute 7.conventional 11.generous 12.gratitude
13.slammed 14.agreeable
IV
1.caught/took my fancy
2.a mistake on John's part
3.take for granted
4.think twice
8
5.saved up
6.referred to
7.boast about 8.took pains with
9.refrain from 10.something of
11.in one way or another 12.fed up
V
1.altitude
2.aptitude
3.attitude
4.longitude
5.fortitude
6.mulitiude
https://www.doczj.com/doc/cd18302733.html,titude
8.solitude
VI
1.coordination
2.coexist
3.co-workers
4.co-owners
5.co-authored
6.Cooperation
7.Coeducation
8.copilot
VII
1.no sacrifice for the education of the young was too great
2.No price is too high to pay in order to save their lives
3.cannot be too careful in performing an experiment
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4.They cannot praise him too much
5.can not be overemphasized
6.cannot be overestimated
VIII
BACDD BABCD BADCA
IX
一些人不愿表达感激之情，因为他们觉得这不会受欢迎。我的一个病人在出院几个星期后回到医院感谢他的护士。“我没有更早地回来，”他解释说，“是因为我
猜想你们对于人们的感激一定厌烦得要命。”“ 正好相反，”她回答说，“我很高兴
你来。很少有人意识到我们多么需要鼓励，我们从那些鼓励我们的人身上获得了多大的帮助。”我们所给予的感激永远不会过多。因为我们身边的人在构筑他们的人生哲学时所依据的正是这些微笑、我们所表示的感谢和我们表示欣赏的各种小小的示意动作。
X
1.He glared at John and was annoyed by his refusal to cooperate.
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2.John's sincere speech shows his gratitude to the people who rendered him generous help when he was in difficulty.
3.He is something of a stamp collector. The fact that once he saved up for two years to buy a rare stamp is proof of it.
4.The beauty of these roses could not be overstated. They took/caught all the visitors fancy in one way or another.
5.At first he took it for granted that they should build more highways in
this area. Then a careful calculation of the expenditure compelled him to think twice before he made the final decision.
6.Each time he receives a gift from me, no matter how small, my friend Bill never fails to acknowledge it.
7.The journalist has decided to trace the young man referred to in the old couple's letter, which is a tribute to the young man's effort at improving their living conditions.
8.Though he was fed up with the salesmen who knocked at his door
and boasted about their products every day, he refrained from slamming the door in their face.
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第三单元
TEXT A
II
1.He changed his perspective and observed people who did not have smallpox.
2.He wants to give a good example of lateral thinking.
3.He compares the human brain to a computer and the change of one's point of view to the reprogramming of the computer.
4.It is to fight it.
5.He calls it vertical thinking.
6.He used the technique of lateral thinking.
7.The key is to make a shift in emphasis instead of fighting the problem head-on.
8.They should change their point of view and regard themselves as their body's keeper.
9.Very often lateral thinking yields much better results than vertical thinking.
10.It is approaching the target from a sideways point of view instead of 12
approaching it directly.
III