Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?知识点和练习
附参考答案
一.教学内容：
［重点词汇及短语］
go out for dinner 出去吃饭
stay out late 在外面待到很晚
go to the movies 去看电影
get a ride 搭车
work on 从事
finish doing sth. 完成做某事
clean and tid y 干净整洁
do the dishes 洗餐具
take out the rubbish 倒垃圾
fold your/the clothes 叠衣服
sweep the floor 扫地
make your/the bed 整理床铺
clean the living room 打扫客厅
no problem 没问题
welcome sb. 欢迎某人
come home from school/ work放学/下班throw down 扔下
sit down 坐下
come over 过来
take sb. for a walk 带某人去散步
all the time 一直;总是
all day/evening 整曰/夜
do housework 做家务
shout back 大声回应
walk away 走开
share the housework 分担家务
a comfortable home 一个舒适的家
in surprise 惊讶地
get something to drin k 拿点喝的东西watch one show 观看一个节目
hang out 闲逛
pass sb. sth. 把某物传给某人
lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人
get sth. wet 使某物弄湿
hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事
do chores 做杂务
Help sb.(to)d o /with sth帮某人干某事bring a tent带顶帐篷来buy some snacks买些小吃
go to the store去商店
invite sb. to a party邀请某人参加聚会make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
enough stress足够的压力
waste of time浪费时间
in order to为了
get good grades取得好成绩
mind doing sth. 介意做某事
depend on依赖;依靠
develop children 's independence
发展孩子的独立性
look after/take care of 照顾；照看
do one’ s part in (doing ) sth.
做某人分内的事
二、重点句型
1. Could you please…..do sth. ? Could you please clean your room?
你能整理一下你的房间吗？
2. I have to do some work.
我必须干些活。
3. Could I+ do sth. ?
Could I use your computer?
我可以用一下你的电脑吗？
4. She won’ t be happy if she sees th is mess.
如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的。
5. For one week, she did not do any housework and
neither did I.
整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。
6. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front
of the T V .
我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。
7. hate + ( to do/ doing) sth.
I hate to do chores.
［语法要点］
1. 礼貌地提出请求：用could委婉地表示请求。
2. 礼貌地请求允许：用could委婉地请求许可。
3. make与do的区别。
［重点、难点讲评］
1. —Peter, could you please take out the trash?
—Sure, Mom.
—Could you please do the dishes?
—Sorry, I can’t. I have to do my homework.
（1）在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中，常用could代替can，以表示礼貌，委婉或不确定的语气，而can则不具备这些语气。这种情况下不能把could看作can的过去式。以上两句中用could是为了表示礼貌的请求。表示请求帮助或请求允许时，除了can, could 之外，还可以用may，句子的表达方式也各有不同，可以用不同的方式来表示同一个概念。例：
①Could/Can/May I use your car for a day?
②I wonder if I could use your car for a day?
③Do you mind if I use your car for a day?
对于①、②句所作允答可以各种各样，如同意可以说Yes，或Sure或Certainly，还可说Yes, (do) please. 或Of course. (you may/can). 或Go ahead, please. 或That’s OK/all right. 如果不同意，可以说I’m sorry you can’t. 或I’m really sorry, but I have to use it today. 要避免说No, you can’t. 这样显得很不礼貌。否定回答通常用委婉语气。对于句（3）所作回答可以说Never mind. /Not at all. 表“不介意”。不能用Yes. /Sure. /Of course. /Certainly.等。
无论肯定还是否定应答中，要避免使用could，要用can或may。因为应答须用确定的语气。而could在表请求的问句中是为了表示礼貌或委婉语气，用在应答中则成了不确定语气，与情理不符。所以应答中不说Yes, you could. 或No, you couldn’t. 而要说Yes, you can. 或Sorry. /No, you can’t.
（2）区别动词do和make。
“do”与动作及非实质性的事连用，与词尾是-ing的动作名词连用，如：do the dishes （洗餐具），do my homework（做我的家庭作业），do chores（做家务，处理琐事），do the laundry（洗衣），do the shopping（购物），do some reading（读书）
“make”表示“做、制造”、“整理”、“冲、泡（饮料）”等，如：
make your bed（铺床），make breakfast（做早餐），make dinner（做晚饭），make tea （泡茶，沏茶），make myself a cup of coffee（给自己冲一杯咖啡）
（3）take out 带出（人），取出（物）；take out of 从……里取出
2. Could I please use your computer?
Sorry, I’m going to work on it now.
Well, could I watch TV?
Yes, you can.
Could I/you please …？表示一种有礼貌的请求或提议，其后连接原形动词，比Can you /I…？语气更委婉。类似句型有：
Would you like + sth. / to do sth.?
May I + do sth. ?
Shall we + do sth.?
Would you mind + sth. /doing sth.?
What / How about + sth. /doing sth.?
肯定回答有Sure. /Of course. / Certainly. /OK. /Great. / Well. / Good idea. / I agree. 等。否定回答有Sorry …. / No, you can’t.等。
3. I hate to do chores.
—Do you like to do the laundry?
—No, It’s boring.
I don’t like doing the dishes because it’s boring.
（1）hate vt. “不喜欢，讨厌、恨”，没有进行时。hate后可接to do也可接doing，意义无大差别，只是to do更多表示具体的一次性的动作，而doing更多表示习惯性，经常的一般的动作。这与like后接to do或doing的用法一样。
（2）对比由动词加-ing和-ed构成的形容词：
动词加-ing构成的形容词可以指人或物，在句中作定语或表语；动词加-ed构成的形容词通常用来指人，作表语，通常不作定语。例：
boring—bored, relaxing—relaxed, surprising—surprised, exciting—excited, interesting—interested
4. Could I invite my friends to a party on Saturday?
invite vt. “邀请”，意同ask，但invite更正式。
①invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事。
e. g. They invited me to join their club.
②invite sb. to sth. / invite sb. for sth.
e. g. He invited us for the concert.
I want to invite my friends to a party.
③invitation n. 邀请
e. g. Thanks for your invitation.
Thank you for asking /inviting me.
5. Thanks for taking care of my dog.
“take care of”“照顾、照料、注意”，意思侧重于负责任的意思，后面的宾语可以是表示人或事物的名词或代词。
e. g. Mother takes good care of her children.
It’s not easy to take care of the sick.
Take good care of the books.
注：look after一般情况下可替换take care of，意思上强调看管或照料。
I have to look after my sick dog at home.
6. Play with him.
play with …“玩……；用……娱乐。”
e. g. Little girls like playing with dolls.
Tell children not to play with fire.
7. I’m going to move to a new house.
move to /into …搬到，搬入……
e. g. They moved into the new apartment last week.
Later his family moved to New York.
8. I need some help.
We need to clean the house.
help 作名词为不可数名词。
need作动词用法：need sth. /sb, need to do sth.
need还可用作情态动词，“必须”，否定形式“needn’t”，后跟动词原形。
need作名词时指“需要，必需”时为不可数名词，指“必需品，要求”时常用复数。
e. g. There’s no need to do that. 不需要做那事。
We have to work hard to meet the people’s needs.
You needn’t call him at once.
【模拟试题】
英汉互译。
1. play with ___________
2. have a test ___________
3. do chores ___________
4. take out ___________
5. make the bed ___________
6. sweep the floor ___________
7. 从……借___________ 8. 喂狗___________
9. 生气___________ 10. 照顾___________
11. 邀请某人到……___________ 12. 忙于/从事___________
13. 洗餐具___________ 14. 做饭___________
根据要求答题。
1. Could you help me clean the living room? （作肯定回答）
____________________, ____________________.
2. Thanks for taking care of my dog. （变同义句）
___________________________ for ___________________ my dog.
3. Remember to clean the bed. （改为同义句）
________ ________ to clean the door.
4. close the door. （变否定句）
________ ________ the door.
5. I need some help. （改为一般疑问句）
________ you ________ ________ help?
6. I like to wash the plates because it’s relaxing.（就划线部分提问）
________ ________ you ________ to wash the plates?
7. Can you lend your pen to me?
Can ________ ________ your pen?
二、（22分）英汉互译。
1. 玩……
2. 休息
3. 做家务
4. 取出，拿出
5. 整理床铺
6. 扫地
7. borrow…from… 8. feed the dog 9. get angry
10. take care of 11. invite…to 12. work on
13. do the dishes 14. make dinner
用could, can, may, mus t, needn’t填空。
1. A: ________ you answer the question in English?
B: Sorry, I ________. ________ I answer it in English?
A: No, you ________. You ________ answer it in Chinese.
2. A: ________ I ask a question?
B: Yes, you ________. But you ________ wait, a minute.
3. A: ________ I use your eraser, Bill?
B: Sorry. I don’t have one. Ask Mary. She _________ have one.
4. A: ________ you help me do the shopping.
B: OK, Sure.
5. A: ________ you sweep the floor?
B: But I ________ finish my homework first.
A. Could I invite my friends to my birthday party on Saturday, Mom?
B. Of course! ____1____.
A. Yeah, Um… ____2____.
B. What for?
A. ____3____.
B. Well, I am shopping tomorrow. And I can buy some drinks and snacks for you.
A. Oh, good. Thank you, Mom.
B. You’re welcome. Oh, could you clean your room?
A. ____4____.
B. You need to clean it again for your party.
A. Ok, but I need to do my homework first.
B. That’s right. After you finish your homework, let’s clean the room. I can sweep the floor and do the dishes.
A. ____5____.
B. Yes, sure.
单项填空。
1. —What a dirty room! You shouldn’t throw your waste things everywhere.
—Oh, I am sorry, I am going to ________ and put them in the waste box.
A. fold my clothes
B. take out the trash
C. watch TV
2. —Could you please go to the movies with me tonight?
—Sorry, my mother is ill in bed, and I have to ________ her.
A. take care of
B. take a walk with
C. take over
3. Don’t _________ the dog. it’s dangerous, it’ll bite you.
A. play with
B. play
C. play for
4. —Jim, come out. Let’s go to play football.
—Sorry. I’m _______ a maths problem.
A. working out
B. working on
C. working for
5. —Mum, Could I go shopping with you?
—Yes, ________ But you have to finish your homework first.
A. you can
B. you could
C. you can’t
6. My mother often ________ my little sister _________ of the house and plays with her in the garden.
A. take…out
B. takes…out
C. takes … to
7. I _________ doing the dishes because it’s boring.
A. hates
B. hate
C. like
8. I _________ some money from him, but I’ll _______ it to him in a few days.
A. borrow, return
B. lend, borrow
C. borrow, keep
9. ________ the young trees is our duty.
A. Taking good care of
B. Take good care of
C. Takes good care of
七、单项填空。
1. B
2. A
3. A
4. B
5. A
6. B
7. B
8. A
9. A
八、阅读理解
（A）
We all know that there are many pyramids （金字塔） in Egypt （埃及）, but most of us don’t know the people of Mexico（墨西哥）in the old times also built pyramids. They did not build the pyramids for tombs（坟墓）. They built a pyramid and they built a temple（庙）on top of it. The pyramids of Mexico are not as high as those in Egypt, but they are big. Each pyramid has a wide stairway（楼梯）that goes from the bottom（底部）to the top. There is nothing inside the pyramid, only earth and stone.
Scientists think it took 10,000 men more than ten years to build the great pyramid Teochuacan（特奥帝瓦坎）. It’s 2,000 years old. On the top they built a temple to
the sun. The temple is no longer there. How did the people of old times build the pyramids? No one knows.
根据短文内容判断正（T）误（F）。
1. There are many pyramids in Mexico, too. （）
2. People in Mexico invited people in Egypt to build the pyramids for them. （）
3. The pyramids in Mexico are higher than those in Egypt. （）
4. There are some old tombs inside the pyramids in Mexico. （）
5. Scientists don’t know how the people of old times build the pyramids in Egypt, either. （）
（B）
阅读短文，判断正误。正确写T，错误写F。
Betty,
I hope you’re well. I’m on holiday in London with my friend Jenny. We arrived by plane last Monday and took a taxi to our hotel. I went for a walk in Hyde Park but Jenny didn’t come with me because she was tired.
Then on Tuesday we saw the clock, Big Ben, and Buckingham Palace. Queen Elizabeth lives in the Palace, but we didn’t see her! I bought some presents but Jenny didn’t buy anything!
The next day we visited the British Museum and had dinner in a Chinese restaurant! On Thursday morning we relaxed. Then we went to Tower Bridge on the River Thames and looked at the city. It’s very big!
Finally today I did some shopping and Jenny listened to a concert in the park.
I came back to the hotel and read the newspaper. Then I wrote some postcards and sent some emails. I took lots of photos and I’m sending them with this email to you!
Tomorrow we’re going to fly home. It was a short holiday, but it was great! Say hello to Mum and Dad.
Love,
Gran
1. They arrived last Sunday. （）
2. They went for a walk in Hyde Park. （）
3. They bought lots of presents. （）
4. On Wednesday they saw Big Ben and Buckingham Palace. （）
5. On Thursday they saw the River Thames and visited Tower Bridge. （）
6. Today they spent the day at the hotel. （）
7. She did some shopping on Friday. （）
8. Jenny went for a walk in the park. （）
九、完型填空。
（A）
It was Christmas, and there was a big party in the house. Guests （客人） come
and went, but the party went on. Then t he bell rang. Several people shouted, “Come in!” A small man open the front door and came in. Nobody knew him but the host （主人） went to meet him and took him to have a drink. The man sat there happily for an hour and a half and drank. Then suddenly （突然） he stopped and looked at the host. “Do you know?” he said. “Nobody asked me to this party. I don’t know you.
I don’t know your wife and I don’t know any of your guests. My wife and I wanted to go out in our car, but one of your guests’ cars was in front of o ur gate, so I came here to find him and my wife is waiting in our car for me to come back.”
根据短文内容每空填一个英语单词。
It was Christmas Day. There was a ___1___ in the room. When the well rang, the guests were ___2___ ___3___. A short man ___4___ in. The host ___5___ him to ___6___ a ___7___. The short man knew ___8___ of the people. He came to the house to ___9___ a man, the man’s car was in front of his car. The short man’s wife was ____10____ in their car, perhaps she got very angry.
（B）
There is a p ark near my home. But I don’t go there very often. One afternoon I went into ___1___ and found it was really small. In the park, there were two different ways. One was wide and clean. There were ___2___ flowers on both sides. ___3___ was narrow （狭窄的） and dirty. Grass grew everywhere. But finally I decided to follow the dirty way.
Ah! There was a small ___4___ there. It was the most beautiful garden I had ever seen. There were trees, flowers and chairs. I thought it was ___5___ part of the park.
Many people ___6___ me that there is nothing to see in the park. Now I tell them ___7___ they follow the right way, they would feel differently. When I’m telling them ___8___ just smile at me without answering. I know they don’t believe me. My trip to the park that day made me understand something about ___9___. Don’t be ___10___ to choose a different way. Be brave. You may get a big surprise!
1. （） A. the school B. the park C. the zoo D. the house
2. （）A. lots of B. a lot C. much D. any
3. （）A. another B. Other C. The other D. Others
4. （） A. chair B. lake C. river D. garden
5. （）A. the best B. better C. good D. nice
6. （） A. tell B. told C. tells D. telling
7. （）A. if B. when C. after D. before
8. （）A. we B. they C. I D. you
9. （）A. study B. school C. family D. life
10. （） A. happy B. lucky C. afraid D. worried
试题答案
一、（5分）连词成句，注意标点符号的使用。
1. He gets really angry when his son forgets to wash the face.
2. Can I borrow your dictionary? Mine is at home.
3. I don’t like doing the shopping because it’s boring.
4. I like to wash the dishes because it’s relaxing.
5. My parents and I are going vacation tomorrow.
二、（22分）英汉互译。
1. 玩……
2. 休息
3. 做家务
4. 取出，拿出
5. 整理床铺
6. 扫地
7. borrow…from…8. feed the dog 9. get angry
10. take care of 11. invite…to 12. work on
13. do the dishes 14. make dinner
三、（6分）根据课文内容填空。
1. taking
2. do
3. for
4. feed
5. with
6. forget
四、（17分）根据要求答题。
1. Yes, Sure.
2. Thank you, looking for
3. don’t forget
4. Don’t close
5. Do, need any
6. Why do, like
7. I borrow
五、（5分）用could, can, may, must, needn’t填空。
1. Can, can’t, Must, needn’t, can/may
2. May, can, must
3. May, may
4. Could
5. Could, must
六、（5分）从框中选择适当的句子补全对话。
1. C
2. B
3. D
4. A
5. E
七、单项填空。
1. B
2. A
3. A
4. B
5. A
6. B
7. B
8. A
9. A
八、阅读理解
（A）
1. T
2. F
3. F
4. F
5. T （B）
1. F
2. F
3. F
4. F
5. T
6. F
7. T
8. F
九、完型填空。
（A）
1. party
2. drinking
3. happily
4. came
5. took
6. have
7. drink
8. none
9. find 10. waiting
（B）
1. B
2. A
3. C
4. D
5. A
6. B
7. A
8. B
9. D 10. C