英语四六级考试8个六级英语常考语法重点
英语四六级 8个六级英语常考语法重点
英语语法知识点繁多，而六级常考语法仅8种。小编为你详细总结了历年六级真题中常考的8种语法。今天，跟大家讲一讲分词的用法。
(三)分词
常见题型：听力理解、选词填空、信息匹配、阅读多项选择、段落翻译、短文写作
常见搭配：
1.分词作定语(分词前置，分词后置)
真题解析：
①Asurprising thing for the man who runs one of the world smo st powerful economies to say?(16年6 月CET6,第一套)
对于一个统治世界上最强大国之一的人来说，说出这样的话很奇怪吗?
②Onlythree states, with a combined population not much larger than that of Brooklyn (16年6 月CET6,第一套)
只有在三个人口总数加起来不超过布鲁克林的州
③Itsbenefits outweigh the hazards inv olved. (16年6 月CET6,第二套)
它的好处远超过了它所涉及的危害。
④aretired member of the Public and Commercial Services Union (15年12月CET6,第三套)
一名公共及商业服务工会的退休成员
⑤ thefoods served are so diverse that guests cannot eat up all the dishes. (15年6月CET6,第一套)
端上的饭菜丰富多样，让客人吃不完。
⑥anastonishing number of exceptional colleges(15年6月CET6,第二套)
数量惊人的杰出的
2.分词作状语
真题解析：
①Chineseentrepreneurs have been working hard to become leading innovators, aiming atresponding to consumer market... (16年6 月CET6,第一套)
中国企业家也在努力争做创新的先锋，以适应消费市场
②Facingwater shortages and escalating fertilizer costs, farmers in developingcountries are using raw sewage to irrigate and fertilize nearly 49 millionacres of cropland. (16年6 月CET6,第二套)
面临水源短缺和不断上升的肥料成本的压力，发展国家的农民正在使用下水道污水对近四千九百万英亩的农田进行灌溉和施肥。
③Agricultureis a water-intensive business, accounting for nearly 70% of global fresh waterconsumption. (16年6 月CET6,第二套)
农业是大量用水的行业，约消耗全球近70%的淡水。
④Basedon the above imagination，we may conclude that (16年6 月CET6,第二套)
根据以上的情形,我们可以得出...
⑤Facedwith so much information, we re actually not competentenough to tell the useful information from the useless one. (15年12 月CET6,第二套)
面对如此多的信息，我们实际上并没有足够的能力辨别哪些是有用的，哪些是无用的。
⑥Viewedfrom s cientists standpoint, all the energy containedin fuel either now nor in the future becomes heat. (15年12月CET6,第二套)
科学家认为，燃料里所含的全部能源迟早都会变成热量。
3.分词作补语(通常在感官动词和使役动词之后)
真题解析：
①makeyour audience absorbed and involved
(15年6月CET6, 第一套)
让你的听众被吸引并且参与进来
4.分词作插入语
常见结构:
judging from 从判断
generally/strictlyspeaking 一般说来/严格说来 taking allthings into consideration 全面看来
四六级考试常考英语语法 一．定语从句 引导定语从句的有关系代词as，who，whom，whom，which，that和关系副词when，where，why等。 1.as引导定语从句 （1）as引导定语从句，相当于which。 如I am from shanghai，as/which you know。 但as引导的定语从句可以放在句首，而which不能； 例：As you know，I am from shanghai。 } （2）as可作为关系代词来引导定语从句，既可以单独引导从句，又可以与主句中的the same 或such 相呼应，从句中的谓语动词常省略。 2.关系代词that与which用法区别： （1）which可以引导一个非限制性定语从句，that则不能； （2）which之前可以有介词，that之前则不能； （3）只能用that，而不能用which的主要情形： ——当先行词是all，anything，few，little，much，none，nothing，something 等不定代词时； ——当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时； ——当先行词被the very，the only等词修饰时。 ; 例：Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems to which they have not found solutions so far。 二．状语从句 1. 让步状语从句
（1）由no matter + wh-疑问词【no matter what】和wh-疑问词+ever 【whatever】。但wh-疑问词+ever【whatever】引导的名词从句则不能用no matter替换。 Take the coat ，no matter what coat it is / whatever coat it is . （2）No matter whether…or…结构中可将no matter省略，形成whether…or…或whether…or not 引导选择条件句。 例；The substance does not dissolve in water whether {it is}heated or not。 2．条件状语从句 】 翻译条件状语从句时，要注意时态的选择。 例；Please come here at ten tomorrow morning if it is convenient for you。条件状语从句，用if引导；主句是祈使句，相当于将来时态，故从句应用一般现在时。 3. 时间状语从句 例；We do not know it until a doctor discovered it by chance。 4. 原因状语从句 常见引导原因状语从句的引导词有；because，as，now that/since， in that 等。 三．名词性从句 1. 主语从句 ） 汉语中的“的”字结构可译成英语的主语从句，用what引导，相当于the thing that。 例：What many people have not realized is that read books is a insteresting thing。 2. 表语从句 In my seventies，one change I notice is that I am more easily to get tired than before。
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：https://www.doczj.com/doc/d015759893.html,/ielts/xd.html（报名网址）1) The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. 形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the，副词最高级前可不用。 形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示"非常"。 It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem. 注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。 (错)Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. (对)Tom is the tallest of the three brothers. 2) 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almost This hat is nearly / almost the biggest. 注意： a.very可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。 This is the very best. This is much the best. b.序数词通常只修饰最高级。 Africa is the second largest continent. 3) 句型转换： Mike is the most intelligent in his class. Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class. 4) "否定词语+比较级"，"否定词语+ so…as"结构表示最高级含义。
A.从介词开始到其后跟的名词结束 B.从介词开始到动名词结束 C.从介词开始到动名词的宾语结束2018年12月大学英语四六级语法精讲课程讲义 一、识别句子成分必须记住的原理 1.衡量是否是一个句子的标准：是否有动词，有动词就是句子，反之不是句子。 2.英语构句原则规定：一个简单句中只能有一个谓语动词 3.长难句的构成：主句、从句、介词短语、非谓语动词 （1）主句的辨识：谓语动词 （2）从句的辨识：连词+与之匹配的谓语动词 （3）介词短语： （4）非谓语动词：4.衡量长难句划分是否正确的标准：整个句子中谓语动词的个数比连词多一个 5.长难句划分方法：连动切割法 ·连动切割法：将句子中的所有连词和动词（连词、动词的排列不分先后）作为切割长难句的基 础，断开主句和从句。 ·长难句划分的具体步骤： 【第一步】断开主句和从句 通读整个句子找出所有的连词或动词，并将连词和动词匹配起来（主要是针对从句而 言，主句不存在连词，从句连词和动词的匹配遵守就近原则），然后再给动词匹配主 语（主句的主语在谓语之前找；从句的主语在连词和与之匹配的谓语动词中间找，如 果它们中间没有任何词语，那么连词本身就是这个从句的主语。） 动名词（doing ） 动词不定式（to do ） 现在分词（doing ） 过去分词（done ）
【第二步】断开介词短语和非谓语动词 二、总结复习句子的主要成分 1、主语 （1）定义：主语是动作的发出者。 （2）位置：在谓语动词之前。 （3）什么可以充当主语： 2、谓语 （1）定义：述说主语的动作或状态。 （2）位置：在主语之后。（3）什么可以充当谓语：实意动词。 3、宾语 （1）定义：（2）位置： （3）什么可以充当宾语：4、表语 （1）定义：表述主语的身份特征，性质状态的 （2）位置：在系动词之后 （3）什么可以充当表语： A.名词： B.代词： C.介词短语： D.非谓语动词： E.句子：A.动作的承受者B.介词所联系的对象，即介词宾语（简称介宾） A.名词： B.代词： C.介词短语： D.非谓语动词： E.句子： A.名词： B.代词： C.形容词 D.介词短语： E.非谓语动词： F.句子：A.在谓语动词之后B.在非谓语动词之后C.在介词之后
2014年英语六级 英语六级语法重点剖析讲解 特殊的虚拟语气词——should 1）It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形， should 可省略。 句型： (1)suggested (2)It is important that…+ (should) do (3) a pity (1)suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted； + (should) do (2)important, necessary, natural, strange，a pity, a shame, no wonder (3)It is suggested that we (should) hold a meeting next week. It is necessary that he (should) come to our meeting tomorrow. 2）在宾语从句中的应用 在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + (should) do I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
He insisted that he (should ) be sent there. 注意：如suggest, insist不表示"建议" 或"坚持要某人做某事时"，即它们用于其本意"暗示、表明"、"坚持认为"时，宾语从句用陈述语气。 The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules. 判断改错: （错）You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill. (对) Your pale face suggests that you are ill. (错) I insisted that you ( should) be wrong. (对) I insisted that you were wrong. 3）在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用 在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。 My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference. I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 一般现在时代替完成时 2
大学英语六级语法 导学部分 误区： ●四六级不考语法 ●语法=单选题 语法？ ●语言的规矩和法则 ●连词成句 语言语法句子 四六级语法学什么？ 句子 句子的结构 一个句子多个句子的连接 （一件事）（多件事） 简单句并列句/复合句 第一章：简单句的核心 第一部分：简单句 第二章：简单句的补充 第二部分：并列句 基础语法 四六级语法第三部分：复合句 强调 第四部分：特殊用途的句子倒装 虚拟 真题应用长难句分析（全真题讲解） 第一部分：简单句 第一章：简单句的核心 一、简单句的核心构成 简单句一个句子（一件事） 世界是物质的，物质是运动的
n. + v. 主语+ 谓语 1 1 n. + 谓语v. 一主一谓，谓语动词的不同决定简单句的不同构成。 例子： I swim. I like English. 区分vt./vi. 1)意思 2)介词（prep.） ● I like English. ●The bride kissed the groom. ●Birds fly in the sky. ●We walked on the street yesterday. ●You look at me. 介宾结构 ● ●They offered a vacant post to me. I bought a present for you. I find HongKong ??? I find HongKong very beautiful. I find HongKong a place for shopping.
●我非常高兴。 ●I very happy. ??? I am very happy. 主系表 系动词 1.be动词（单独） 2.“变得” get become turn go grow 3.感官动词look sound smell taste feel “看/ 听/ 闻/ 尝/ 感觉起来……” 4.keep remain / seem appear 1. I ask you a question. 主谓双宾 2. You answer. 主谓 3. I love you. 主谓宾 4. You make my life complete.主谓宾补 5. I am happy. 主系表 主语+ 谓语 二、简单句的核心变化 （一）谓语动词的变化： 1. 时态：
英语六级常考语法知识解析 动名词 1. 某些动词后要接动名词 某些及物动词后能用动名词而不能用不定式作宾语，其中最常用动词的有admit, avoi d, appreciate, complete, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, forgive, involve, imagine, can’t help, mind, miss, postpone, p ractise, prevent, quit, resent, risk, resist, suggest等。 She suggested spending another day in the mountain area. There’s no way to escape doing the work. She is considering asking her employer for a rise. Note: ① 在need、want、require、deserve等动词后的动名词相当于不定式的被动式 The clock needs/wants repairing. (=The clock needs/wants to be repaired) The disabled deserve respecting. (=The disabled deserve to be respected.) ② 在like、hate、prefer等动词后,如果表示一般倾向,则用动名词作宾语；如果指具体的某次发生在将来的行动，则要用不定式。 I like reading books of this kind, but I don’t like to read that book. She prefers walking to cycling. I prefer to stay at home today. ③ 在remember、forget、regret等动词后,如果用动名词作宾语，则表示该宾语的动作发生在动词谓语的动作之前；如果用不定式作宾语，则表示宾语的动作发生在动词谓语的动作之后 I remembered locking the door. (=I remembered that I had locked the door.) I remembered to lock the door (=I remembered that I was to lock the door.) I regret telling you about it. (=I regret that I told you about it.) I regret to tell you he has fallen ill. (=I regret that I am to tell you he has fallen ill.) 2. 动名词作介词的宾语 动名词可作介词的宾语，与介词一起构成介词短语，在句中作定语、状语或表语。 His dream of becoming a successful writer has come true. She left without saying goodbye to us. 动名词作介词的宾语常用在某些词组后面。这类常用的词组主要有：be accustomed t o, believe in, confess to, dream of, feel like, give up, insist on, be interest ed in, look forward to, object to, have an (no) objection to, pay attention to, put off, be responsible for, succeed in, be tired of, be (get) used to, worry about,等。 He is used to living on his own. He has made up his mind to give up smoking. 3. 带逻辑主语的动名词 动名词可以有逻辑主语，其构成形式为“名词或代词的所有格+动名词”。带逻辑主语的动名词又称为动名词的复合结构，在句中用作主语,宾语,表语和介词的宾语。在非正式语
大学四六核心语法 引言： 1.为什么学语法？ 语法（英语：Grammar）是指任意自然语言中控制子句、词组以及单词等结构的规则。 2.怎么学语法？ at table at the table in prison in the prison at school at the school out of question out of the question We have been roasting the chicken for over 30 years. I really can't imagine how crisp it will be.
第一章动词概述 一、谓语动词 1.英语时态 The first president of the US was George Washington, the second was John Adams, the third was Thomas Jefferson, and the sixteenth was Abraham Lincoln. Who is the president of the US? A.George Washington B.Abraham Lincoln C.Thomas Jefferson D.None of the above 某一时间某一动作所呈现的状态。 我们学英语。 我们学过英语。 我们在学英语。 我们将学英语。
一般进行完成完成进行 现在do/does is/am/are doing have/has done have/has been doing 过去did Was/were doing Had done Had been doing 将来will do Will be doing Will have done Will have been doing 过去将来0would study Would be doing Would have done Would have been doing 一般现在时
2015年6月英语四六级语法提高练习 1.Mary has a _______ view of our future. But nobody believes what she said. A. portable B. primary C. possession D. positive 2.Nobody knows his _______ for helping us. A. motive B. motion C. mood D. moral 3.Both sides agree to establish a _______ zone between the south and north. A. midst B. mild C. mention D. neutral 4.This is a _______ moment for our research. We should be careful. A. critical B. belt C. conscience D. copper 5.This textbook is for the _______ students, not for the beginners. A. observation B. transportation C. advanced D. transfer 6.When I read the newspaper, I always read the _______ first. A. headlines B. headquarters C. heaven D. horizon 7.They _______ our house at $10,000. A. count B. vanish C. weave D. assess 8.When he studied at college, Jack was supported by a _______. A. treatment B. assistance C. scholarship D. protein 9.Even as _______, he made several wonderful inventions. A .a stock B. a representative C. an undergraduate D. a gulf 10.An emergency _______ is very important in case of fire. A. exit B. deposit C. discharge D. elaborate 1.D 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.A 1.He drove very fast to _______ that red car. A. scatter B. overtake C. site D. sponsor 2.Slides are sometimes called ________ film.
洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌 1.This watch is _______ by hand, not by machine, so it is very expensive. A. flat B. coined C. bored D. manufactured 2.These two horses look so much alike that we can not _______ one from the other. A. differ B. detail C. distinguish D. defeat 3.The president of that company was very calm during the political _______. A. failure B. fashion C. proceed D. crisis 4._______ is usually the chief enemy of the camera lens. A.Oxxasion B. vain C.Moisture D.Deck 5.The _______ left the ship after sixty hours of hard struggle. A. dash B. cell C. crew D. gay 6.On our way to Beijing, we visited Xi’an, a city of two million _______, and stayed there for two days. A. insects B. human C. inhabitants D. flights 7.One of the main reasons for air pollution is that many cars _______ smoke into the atmosphere. A. gather B. hire C. discharge D. escape 8.Don’t forget to _______ to let us know you arrived safely. A. cable B. cage C. border D. bay 9.She gave him a _______ that she could not come to his party. A. mistress B. shoot C. neck D. hint
大学英语四六级考试语法精要(五) partt-cet 2009年12月28日13:53 来源：考试大点击682次 虚拟语气 1. 表示现在/过去/将来情况的虚拟条件句 虚拟条件句主要有三种结构： 1)表示与现在情况相反：主句谓语用“would / could / might +动词原形”，从句谓语用“动词的一般过去时”（动词be的过去式一律用were）。 If I were you, I would not accept his offer. If I had time, I would certainly go to the cinema with you. 2) 表示与过去情况相反：主句谓语用“would / could / might + have +过去分词”，从句谓语用过去完成时。 If I had got up a little earlier, I wouldn’t have missed the train. If I had been more careful, I might have passed that exam. 3) 表示与将来情况相反：主句谓语用“would / could / might +动词原形”，从句谓语用“were +动词不定式”或“should +动词原形”。 If I were to do the job, I would not be able to have enough time to study. If it should rain tomorrow, I would not go out with you. 2. 虚拟条件句连接词if的省略 如果虚拟条件句的从句中含有were, had, should, could等词时，可以省略连接词if，但这时必须把were, had, should, could等词移到主语前面，形成倒装。这种句型主要用于书面形式。 Were I to do the job, I would finish doing it within two weeks. Had it not been for his help, we couldn’t have arrived there on time. Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home. 3. wish后宾语从句中的谓语构成 动词wish后的宾语从句表示未实现的或不可能实现的愿望，其宾语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，有以下三种构成形式。 1) 表示现在不可能实现的愿望，宾语从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时。（be的过去式为were）。 I wish I had enough money to buy a car. I wish I were as young and energetic as you. 2) 表示过去未能实现的愿望，宾语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时（had +过去分词）或“would / could + have +过去分词”。 I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake. I wish I could have done it better. 3) 表示将来不可能实现的愿望，宾语从句中的谓语动词用“would / should (could, might) +动词原形”。 I wish I would not get old. I wish I could travel around the world one day. 4. 某些动词后的宾语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气 在一些动词后面的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟语气。这时，谓语动词用动词原形或should +动词原形。这类动词一般表示命令，要求，决定，建议，主张等概念，主要有：advise, ask, command, decide, demand, desire, direct, insist, move, order, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest,等。 The workers demanded that their wages (should) be raised by 10 per cent. The teacher decided that you do the experiment first. 5. 某些名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气 在一些名词后面的表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟语气。这时，谓语动词用动词原形或should +动词原形。这类名词一般表示命令，要求，决定，建议，主张等概念，主要有：advice, idea, instruction, motion, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion,等。 My suggestion is that we (should) send for a doctor immediately. He gave the order that they (should) do the experiment again. 6. 错综时间条件句
英语六级语法大全：动词 动词可分为四类，分别是：实义动词（Notional Verb）、系动词（Link Verb）、助动词（Auxiliary Verb）、情态动词（Modal Verb）。 1）表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。 2）根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是：实义动词（Notional Verb）、系动词（Link Verb）、助动词（Auxiliary Verb）、情态动词（Modal Verb）。 说明：有些情况下，有些动词是兼类词，例如： We are having a meeting. 我们正在开会。（having是实义动词。） He has gone to New York.他已去纽约。 （has是助动词。） 3）动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词（Transitive Verb）、不及物动词（Intransitive Verb），缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。 说明：同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用作不及物动词。例如： She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。（sing在此用作不及物动词。） She can sing many English songs.考试大－全国最大教育类网站(www．Examda。com) 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing用作及物动词。） 4）根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制，可分两类，分别是：限定动词（Finite Verb）、非限定动词（Non-finite Verb）例如： She sings very well. 她唱得很好。（sing受主语she的限制，故用第三人称单数形式sings。） She wants to learn English well. 她想学好英语。（to learn不受主语she的限制，没有词形变化，是非限定动词。说明：英语中共有三种非限定动词，分别是：动词不定式（Infinitive）、动名词（Gerund）、分词（Participle）。 5)根据动词的组成形式，可分为三类，分别是：单字词（One-Word Verb）、短语动词（Phrasal Verb）、动词短语（Verbal Phrase）例如： The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases. 英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。（contains是单字动词。） Students should learn to look up new words in dictionaries. 学生们学会查字典。（look up是短语动词。） The young ought to take care of the old. 年轻人应照料老人。（take care of是动词短语。） 6）动词有五种形态，分别是：原形（Original Form）、第三人称单数形式（Singular From in Third Personal）、过去式（Past Form）、过去分词（Past Participle）、现在分词（Present Participle）。
四六级语法 第一部分句子的构成 一、简单句 （一）简单句的核心 1.谓语动词的变化 So Charles was ahead of the game there, too. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section A) The marketers are also seeing big opportunities. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 2) 这些以竹为食的动物正面临许多威胁。 (CET 4, 2014.12, Translation) … the process of urbanization will only accelerate in the decades to come… (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 1) But the Internet’s tremendous impact has only just begun. (CET 4, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 1) The royal environmentalist has been promoting radical ideas for most of his adult life.
(CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section A) … we can reduce urbanization’s impact on the environment. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 1) They are only limited by their curiosity and ambition. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 2) Silicon Valley executives are being shamed into adding women to their boards. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 2) The urbanization wave can’t be stopped… (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 1) 土豪和大妈可能会被收入新版牛津（Oxford）英语词典。 (CET 6, 2014.06, Translation) 2.主语的变化 Many students… have weak skills in mathematics. (CET 4, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section A)
英语四六级复习语法 关系型what引导名词性从句的五种用法 一、用法归纳 1. 表示“……的东西或事情”： They’ve done what they can to help her. 他们已经尽力帮助了她。 He saves what he earns. 他赚多少，积蓄多少。 What Mary is is the secretary. 玛丽的职务是秘书。 2. 表示“……的人或的样子”： He is no longer what he was. 他已经不是以前的那个样子。 He is what is generally called a traitor. 他就是人们通常所说的叛徒。 Who is it that has made Fred what he is now? 是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这个样子的? 3. 表示“……的数量或数目”： Our income is now double what it was ten years ago. 我们现在的收入是10年前的两倍。 The number of the students in our school is ten times what it was before liberation. 现在我校学生的数量是解放前的10倍。
4. 表示“……的时间”： After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile. 似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。 The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for what seemed like hours. 小女孩吓得不敢说话，在那儿站了几个小时。 5. 表示“……的地方”： This is what they call Salt Lake City. 这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。 In 1492, Columbus reached what is now called America. 1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。 二、用法说明 (1) 这样用的what相当于“先行词+关系代词”，所以其前不能有先行词： 你喜欢什么就拿什么吧。 正：You can have what you like. / You can have everything (that) you like. 误：You can have everything what you like. (2) 有时what 可用作限定词，其后修饰一个名词： I gave him what books I had. 我把我所有的书都给他了。
动词可分为四类，分别是：实义动词（Notional Verb）、系动词（Link Verb）、助动词（Auxiliary Verb）、情态动词（Modal Verb）。1）表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。 2）根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是：实义动词（Notional Verb）、系动词（Link Verb）、助动词（Auxiliary Verb）、情态动词（Modal Verb）。说明：有些情况下，有些动词是兼类词，例如： We are having a meeting. 我们正在开会。（having是实义动词。） He has gone to New York.他已去纽约。 （has是助动词。） 3）动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词（Transitive Verb）、不及物动词（Intransitive Verb），缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。 说明：同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用作不及物动词。例如： She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。（sing在此用作不及物动词。） She can sing many English songs.考试大－全国最大教育类网站(www．Examda。com) 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing用作及物动词。） 4）根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制，可分两类，分别是：限定动词（Finite Verb）、非限定动词（Non-finite Verb）例如： She sings very well. 她唱得很好。（sing受主语she的限制，故用第三人称单数形式sings。） She wants to learn English well. 她想学好英语。（to learn不受主语she的限制，没有词形变化，是非限定动词。 说明：英语中共有三种非限定动词，分别是：动词不定式（Infinitive）、动名词（Gerund）、分词（Participle）。 5)根据动词的组成形式，可分为三类，分别是：单字词（One-Word Verb）、短语动词（Phrasal Verb）、动词短语（Verbal Phrase）例如： The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases. 英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。（contains是单字动词。） Students should learn to look up new words in dictionaries. 学生们学会查字典。（look up是短语动词。） The young ought to take care of the old. 年轻人应照料老人。（take care of是动词短语。） 6）动词有五种形态，分别是：原形（Original Form）、第三人称单数形式（Singular
大学英语六级语法精华汇总 1.被动时态 被动语态是大家十分熟悉的一种语法现象，由be+ ved 分词构成。有时候用介词短语by 表明执行者。关于被动语态应注意的几个方面： 1 、不及物动词seat 的用法。例：When I______, the play started. A. was seated B. seated C. was seating D. was being seated 在这道题里，不及物动词seat 的用法十分特殊，当表示坐下、就座、坐着的意思时，只能用be+ed 结构，这里它看似被动语态，实际上并不表示被动，而是一个形容词化了的动词。所以正确答案是A 。 2 、没有被动语态的及物动词。例：the book I bought yesterday ________me twenty dollars. A. is costed B. costing C . costs D . was costed 这里的正确答案为C ，因为有些及物动词并没有被动语态。所以当这些词表示动作或状态时不能用被动语态而需要使用主动语态。这些词还有：beg ，contain ，become ，cost ，equal, fail ，fit ，have ，hold ，lack ，possess ，resemble 等。此外，还有一些及物动词短语如result from ，belong to 和
consist of 等，也没有被动语态。 2.虚拟 在虚拟语气中，除了记住一套与时态相对应的规范用法之外，以下几点也是不容忽视的： l 、名词性从句中要用过去时或should+ 动词原型构成虚拟语气。如：It is time we went home . 2 、would rather ，had rather 后的从句动词用相当于陈述语气的过去时来表示现在或将来发生的动作。如：I would rather you went with her .我宁愿你跟她走。只有当would rather 后面动作的主体与前面主语一致时才可以用不带to 的动词不定式，如：I d rather take the important letter with me .在这个句子中，rather 后面的主语为I ，和前面的主语一致，所以用的不是过去式，而是不带to 的动词不定式。 3 、在it is important / suggested / necessary / proposed 等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气表示应该做什么事情，即用动词原形或should+ 动词原型，如：It is important that you(should)be here on time .再如： It is of the utmost importance that you _______here on time . A . be B . shall be C . are to be D . must be 这个知识点是上文中的第三点，显然答案是 A ，其中的should 被省略了。类似的可以引起主语从句为虚拟语气的形容词