红烧狮子头：red lion head（红色狮子的头）、burnt lion's head（烧焦的狮子的头）
四喜丸子：Four glad meatballs（四个高兴的肉丸子）
皮蛋：100-year egg（一百年的蛋）
童子鸡：chicken without sexual life （没有性生活的鸡）
铁板烧：iron flooring cremation（铁做的板用来烧）
澳大利亚人杰克不久前和女友到四川旅游，在成都一知名川菜馆被服务员递上来的菜谱吓了一大跳。只见让人垂涎欲滴的川菜图片旁，赫然标注着Husband and wife's lung slice（丈夫和妻子的肺切片）、Bean curd made by a pockmarked woman（满脸雀斑的女人做成的豆腐）……这让他们感到反胃，立即逃离了这家川菜馆，并表示再也不吃川菜。
这样的情况将来可能不会再发生了。记者昨日获悉，受四川省委、省政府委托，四川省旅游局、省外事办、省对外友好协会，以及四川省烹饪高等专科学校、四川省美食家协会于2008年联合启动的“经典四川菜点菜名翻译”科研项目结出了硕果：大型图书《中国川菜》（中英文标准对照版）正式出版。该书共收纳经典川菜180道，用中英文对照的方式首次对川菜的英文译名进行了规范。
文化有差异川菜译名太难懂
据四川烹饪高等专科学校外语系老师张媛介绍，川菜的英文译名之所以出现偏差，主要源于中外文化的差异，以及中英文的表达差别。按照英语国家的习惯，菜名一般开门见山，如烤牛肉就直接用Roast（烤） beef（牛肉）来表达，而中国的菜名则较为艺术化，讲究意境，“比如中国的‘推纱望月’，就连很多中国人都难搞明白是一道
什么菜，更不用说外国人了。”
“一些高档酒店、餐馆推出的英文译名都是自己的工作人员翻译的。”张媛说，这导致川菜英文翻译常常出现词不达意的现象，以至于让外国人难以理解。
不用麻烦特色元素直接音译
对此，中国烹饪名师、四川烹专副教授、川菜发展研究中心副主任陈祖明说，英文可以直接音译成中文，中文也同样可以直接音译成英文。如今，川菜中的麻婆豆腐被直接音译成“Mapo tofu”，已得到外国人的普遍认同。按照这一规律，川菜中的麻辣、串串（串串香）、担担（担担面）、钵钵（钵钵鸡）等广为人知的特色元素在《中国川菜》中就被直接音译成了“mala”、“chuanchuan”、“dandan”、“bobo”。于是，夫妻肺片被直译为“Fuqi Feipian”，为让老外看懂，还加上了注解（Sliced beef &offal in chili sauce），意为“辣椒油拌牛内脏”……
据悉，省旅游局、省外事办、省对外友好协会等部门正筹划将这一标准进行推广。省美食家协会、省烹饪协会也已开始动员数百家餐饮企业和非餐饮企业参照标准逐步进行统一。此外，这一标准还被送到上海世博会，面向全国和世界推广这一标准译法。
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1.宫保鸡球Kung Pao Chicken
2.四川牛肉Szechuan Beef
3.四川虾Szechuan Prawns
4.鱼香茄子Braised Egg plant
5.麻婆豆腐Bean Sauce Tofu
头盘餐前小品Appetizers
1.各式刺身拼Sashimi Platter
2.锅贴Pot Sticker
3.辣汁脆炸鸡腿Fried Chicken Legs (Spicy Hot)
4.鸡沙律Chicken Salad
5.酥炸大虾Fried Prawns
6.酥炸生豪Fried Oysters
7.酥炸鲜鱿Fried Squid
8.海哲分蹄Smoked Jelly Fish
9.五香牛展Special Beef
10.白云凤爪Chicken Leg
11.琥珀合桃House Special Honey Walnuts
12.脆皮春卷Spring Rolls
13.蜜汁叉烧B.B.Q. Pork
汤羹类Soup
1.花胶鲍鱼火鸭丝羹Congee Pike Maw With Roast Duck
2.红烧鸡丝翅Chicken Shark's Fin Soup
3.竹笙烩生翅Bamboo Shark Fin Soup
4.粟米瑶柱羹Corn with Dry Scallops Soup
5.竹笙海皇羹Bamboo Seafood Soup
6.鸡蓉粟米羹Corn & Chicken Soup
7.酸辣汤Hot & Sour Soup
8.法国海鲜汤French Style Seafood Soup
9.法国杂菜汤French Style Vegetable Soup
10.杂锦云吞汤Combination Won Ton Soup
11.芥菜肉片咸蛋汤Mustard Green Salted Egg Soup
12.火鸭咸蛋芥菜汤Roast Duck Salt Egg / Mustard Green
13.西葫牛肉羹West Lake Beef Soup
14.三丝烩鱼肚Fish Soup
15.蝴蝶海参羹Sea Cucumber Soup
16.四宝豆腐羹Steam Tofu Soup
龙虾蟹类Seafood (Lobster, Shrimp, Crab)
1.法式咖喱焗龙虾French Curry Lobster
2.法式芝士牛油焗龙虾Cheese Lobster
3.上汤焗龙虾Special Style Lobster
4.蒜茸蒸龙虾Garlic Style Lobster
5.豉椒炒肉蟹Crab
6.上汤姜葱焗蟹Green Onion Crab
7.椒盐蟹Spicy Salt Crab
8.粉丝咖喱蟹煲Rice Noodle Curry Crab
虾鲜鱿贝类Seafood
1.菜远虾球Shrimp with Tender Green
2.白灼中虾Boil Shrimp
3.点桃虾球Walnut Shrimp
4.油泡虾球Crystal Prawn
5.柠檬虾球Lemon Prawn
6.咕噜虾Sweet & Sour Prawn
7.蒜茸蒸虾Steam Prawn w/ Garlic Sauce
8.四川虾球Szechuan Shrimp
9.豆瓣酱鲜鱿Fresh Squid
10.虾龙糊Shrimp w/ Lobster Sauce
11.韭王象拔蚌Gold Chive Geoduck
12.韭王花枝片Gold Chive Squid
13.椒盐鲜鱿Pepper Salt Fresh Squid
14.豉汁炒三鲜Mixed Seafood w/ Black Bean Sauce
15.马拉盏炒鲜鱿Special Fresh Squid
16.碧绿炒带子Tender Green Scallop
17.双菇鲜带子Mushroom Fresh Scallop
18.豉汁炒大蚬Clam w/ Black Bean Sauce
19.姜葱生豪Oyster w/ Ginger, Green Onion
20.豉汁炒青口Mussel w/ Black Bean Sauce
21.豉汁豆腐蒸带子Tofu Scallop w/ Black Bean Sauce 海鲜鱼类Seafood (Fish)
1.清蒸游水石斑Steam Live Rock Cod
2.清蒸蒜茸带子Steamd Scallop w/ Garlic Sauce
3.豉汁煎焗塘虱Catfish w/ Black Bean Sauce
4.清蒸龙利Flounder
5.清蒸海鲈Fomfret
6.蒸金钱片塘虱Steam Catfish
7.辣汁串烧鱼B & Q Fish Stick w/ Hot Sauce
8.西兰炒雪鱼球Pan Fried Snow Fish w/ Green
9.菜远石斑球Tender Green Rock Cod
10.豉汁石斑球Steam Rock Cod w/ Black Bean Sauce
11.油泡石斑球Crystal Rock Cod
12.川味石斑球Szechuan Rock Cod
13.骨香石斑球Fried Rock Cod Bone
14.咕噜石斑球Sweet & Sour Rock Cod
15.鱼腐扒菜胆Yu Fu w/ Vegetable
鸡鸭鸽Poultry
1.脆皮炸子鸡(半)Fried Chicken (Half)
2.红烧石岐项鸽Roast Pigeon
3.豉油皇乳鸽Pigeon w/ Soy Sauce
4.姜葱油淋鸡(半)Green Onion Chicken (Half)
5.北京片皮鸭Peking Duck
6.酸甜明炉烧鸭(半)Roast Duck (Half)
7.柠檬鸡球Lemon Chicken
8.西芹腰果鸡球Vegetable Cashew Chicken
9.咖喱鸡Curry Chicken
10.豉汁炒鸡球Chicken w/ Black Bean Sauce
11.四川炒鸡球Szechuan Chicken
12.菜远鸡球Chicken w/ Tender Green
13.宫保鸡球Kung Pao Chicken
14.豉汁黄毛鸡(半)Chicken w/ Soy Sauce
15.咕噜鸡Sweet & Sour Chicken
16.八珍发菜扒鸭(半)Combination Duck (Half)
17.子罗炒鸡片Ginger & Pineapple Chicken
18.游龙戏凤Chicken, Shrimp, Squid w/ Mixed Vegetable
19.龙凤琵琶豆腐Egg, Chicken, Shrimp, Steam Tofu
猪牛肉类Meat
1.酸甜咕噜肉Sweet & Sour Pork
2.菜远炒排骨Spareribs w/ Tender Green
3.豉椒排骨Spareribs w/ Black Bean Sauce
4.凉瓜炆排骨Bitty Melon Spareribs
5.京都骨Peking Spareribs
6.椒盐排骨Pepper Salt Spareribs
7.豉椒焖排骨Spareribs w/ Black Bean, Pepper
8.菜远炒牛肉Broccoli Beef
9.凉瓜炒牛肉Bitty Melon Beef
10.黑椒牛仔骨Black Pepper Short Rib
11.椒盐牛仔骨Pepper Salt Short Rib
12.中式牛柳Chinese Style Beef
13.四川牛肉Szechuan Beef
14.干扁牛柳丝String Beef
15.柠檬牛肉Lemon beef
16.麻婆豆腐Mar-Boh Tofu
煲仔类Clay Pot Style
1.北菇海参煲Mushroom Sea Cucumber Duck Feet
2.诸诸滑鸡煲Chicken Clay Pot
3.鸡粒咸鱼茄子煲Salt Fish Chicken Egg Plant Clay Pot
4.粉丝虾米杂菜煲Rice Noodle Vegetables Clay Pot
5.罗白牛腩煲Beef Stew w/ Turnip Clay Pot
6.支竹羊腩煲Dry Tofu Lamb Clay Pot
7.火腩生豪煲Roast Pig Oyster Clay Pot
素菜类Vegetarian
1.豪油冬菇Oyster Sauce Mushroom
2.什笙上素Bamboo Vegetable
3.红烧豆腐Fried Tofu
4.炒素丁Vegetable Roll
5.罗汉腐皮卷Vegetable Egg Roll
6.素咕噜肉Vegetarian Sweet and Sour
7.蒸山水豆腐Steam Tofu
8.鲜菇扒菜胆Mushroom Tender Green
9.炒杂菜Mixed Green Tender
10.清炒芥兰Chinese Green Tender
11.盐水菜心Salt Green Tender
12.干扁四季豆String Bean Western Style
13.上汤芥菜胆Mustard Green Tender
炒粉、面、饭Rice Plate
1.龙虾干烧伊面Lobster Teriyaki Noodle
2.上汤龙虾捞面Lobster Noodle
3.杨州炒饭Yang Chow Fried Rice
4.虾仁炒饭Shrimp Fried Rice
5.咸鱼鸡粒炒饭Salted Egg Chicken Fried Rice
6.蕃茄牛肉炒饭Tomato w/ Beef Fried Rice
7.厨师炒饭House Fried Rice
8.生菜丝炒牛肉饭Beef Fried Rice w/ Lettuce
9.招牌炒面House Chow Mein
10.鸡球炒/煎面Chicken Chow Mein
11.蕃茄牛肉炒面Tomato Beef Chow Mein
12.海鲜炒/煎面Seafood Chow Mein
13.虾子姜葱捞面Ginger Green Onion Noodle
14.干烧伊面Teriyaki Noodle
15.鸡丝上汤窝面Chicken Noodle Soup
16.菜远炒牛河Vegetable Beef Chow Fun
17.豉椒排骨炒河Sparerib w/ Black Bean Chow Fun
18.星洲炒米粉Singapore Noodle (Hot Spice)
19.鸳鸯馒头Shanghai Buns (12)
20.上汤水饺Dumpling Soup
21.上汤云吞Won Ton soup
22.丝苗白饭Steam Rice
甜品Dessert
1.雪哈红莲Bird Nest Red Bean Soup
2.椰汁炖雪哈Coconut Bird Nest
3.玫瑰红豆沙Red Bean Soup
4.椰汁西米露Coconut Tapioca
5.百年好合Red Bean Fresh Lily Bulb
厨师精选Luncheon Special
1.酸甜咕噜肉Sweet & Sour Pork
2.京都骨Peking Spareribs
3.豉椒排骨Sparerbis w/ Black Bean Sauce
4.凉瓜排骨Bitter Melon Spareribs
5.菜远炒排骨Spareribs w/ Tender Green
6.菜远炒牛肉Beef w/ Tender Green
7.豉椒炒牛肉Green Pepper Beef w/ Black Bean Sauce
8.柠檬牛肉Lemon Beef
9.四川牛肉Szechuan Beef
10.辣汁炸鸡腿Fried Chicken Leg w/ Hot Sauce
11.柠檬鸡球Lemon Chicken
12.杂菜鸡球Chicken w/ Mixed Vegetable
13.豉椒炒鸡球Chicken w/ Black Sauce
14.四川炒鸡球Szechuan Chicken
15.咖喱鸡球Curry Chicken
16.菜远炒鸡球Chicken w/ Tender Green
17.宫保鸡球Kung Pao Chicken
18.腰果鸡球Cashew Chicken
19.酸甜咕噜鱼Sweet & Sour Fish
20.酸甜咕噜虾Sweet & Sour Shrimp
21.柠檬炒虾球Lemon Shrimp
22.菜远炒虾球Shrimp w/ Vegetable
23.四川炒虾球Szechuan Shrimp
24.四川炒鲜鱿Szechuan Squid
25.豉椒炒鱿Squid w/ Black Bean Sauce
26.红烧豆腐Fried Tofu w/ Tender Green
27.炒杂菜Mixed Vegetable
特价小菜
1.豆腐虾Tofu & Shrimps
2.白灼虾Boiled Prawns
3.椒盐虾Spicy Slat Prawns
4.豉椒虾Black Bean Sauce Prawns
5.滑蛋虾Prawns with Eggs
6.油泡虾Crystal Prawns
7.时菜虾Vegetable Prawns
8.四川虾Szechuan Prawns
9.茄汁虾Prawns with Ketchup
10.豉汁炒蚬Clams Black Bean Sauce
11.时菜斑球Vegetable Rock Cod
12.豉汁斑球Black Bean Sauce Rock Cod
13.椒盐龙利球Pepper Salt Fried Flounder
14.香煎鲫鱼Pan Fried Fish
15.时菜鲜鱿Vegetable & Squid
16.椒盐鲜鱿Salt and Pepper Squid
17.豉椒鲜鱿Black Bean Sauce Squid
18.酥炸鲜鱿Deep Fried Squid
19.四川鸡Szechuan Chicken
20.宫保鸡Kung Pao Chicken
21.当红炸子鸡Crispy Fried Chicken
22.柠檬鸡Lemon Chicken
23.腰果鸡Cashew Nuts Chicken
24.甜酸鸡Sweet & Sour Chicken
25.时菜鸡Vegetable & Chicken
26.咖喱鸡Curry Chicken
27.豉椒鸡Black Bean Sauce Chicken
28.京都上肉排Peking Spareribs
29.椒盐肉排Pepper Salt Fried Spareribs
30.梅菜扣肉Preserved Vegetable & Pork
31.豉汁排骨Black Bean Sauce Spareribs
32.时菜排骨Vegetable & Spareribs
33.蜜汁叉烧B.B.Q. Pork
34.炸菜牛肉Pickled with Beef
35.蒙古牛肉Mongolian Beef
36.姜葱牛肉Ginger & Green Onion Beef
37.豪油牛肉Oyster Sauce Beef
38.时菜牛肉Vegetable & Beef
39.豆腐牛肉Tofu and Beef
40.四川牛肉Szechuan Beef
41.柠檬牛肉Lemon Beef
42.椒盐牛仔骨Pepper Salted Fried Beef Ribs
43.火腩塘虱煲Roasted Pork & Catfish Clay Pot
44.东江豆腐煲Tofu in Clay Pot
45.海鲜煲Seafood in Clay Pot
46.八珍煲Assorted Meat in Clay Pot
47.柱侯牛腩煲Stew Beef Basket
48.鱼香茄子煲Eggplant in Clay Pot
49.虾米粉丝煲Dried Shrimp & Noodle in Clay Pot
50.咸鱼鸡豆腐煲Salted Fish & Chicken Tofu in Clay Pot
51.蒸山水豆腐Steamed Tofu
52.红烧豆腐Braised Tofu
53.麻婆豆腐Bean Sauce Tofu
54.干烧四季豆Braised Green Bean
55.鱼香茄子Braised Egg plant
56.蒜茸豆苗Garlic Pea Greens
57.豉汁凉瓜black Bean Sauce & Bitter Melon
58.上汤芥菜胆Mustard Green
59.北菇扒菜胆Mushroom & Vegetable
60.清炒时菜Sautéed Vegetable
61.蒜茸芥兰Garlic & Broccoli
62.豪油芥兰Oyster Sauce Broccoli
63.豪油北菇Oyster Sauce Mushrooms
64.炒什菜Sautéed Assorted Vegetable
接下来附带所有食物名称及中西式食物名称
水果类（fruits）：
西红柿tomato 菠萝pineapple 西瓜watermelon 香蕉banana 柚子shaddock （pomelo）橙子orange 苹果apple 柠檬lemon 樱桃cherry 桃子peach 梨pear 枣Chinese date （去核枣pitted date ）椰子coconut 草莓strawberry 树莓raspberry 蓝莓blueberry 黑莓blackberry 葡萄grape 甘蔗sugar cane 芒果mango 木瓜pawpaw或者papaya 杏子apricot 油桃nectarine 柿子persimmon 石榴pomegranate 榴莲jackfruit 槟榔果areca nut （西班牙产苦橙）bitter orange 猕猴桃kiwi fruit or Chinese gooseberry 金橘cumquat 蟠桃flat peach 荔枝litchi 青梅greengage 山楂果haw 水蜜桃honey peach 香瓜，甜瓜musk melon 李子plum 杨梅waxberry red bayberry 桂圆longan 沙果crab apple 杨桃starfruit 枇杷loquat 柑橘tangerine 莲雾
wax-apple 番石榴guava
肉、蔬菜类（livestock家畜）：
南瓜（倭瓜）pumpkin cushaw 甜玉米Sweet corn 牛肉beef 猪肉pork 羊肉mutton 羔羊肉lamb 鸡肉chicken 生菜莴苣lettuce 白菜Chinese cabbage （celery cabbage）（甘蓝）卷心菜cabbage 萝卜radish 胡萝卜carrot 韭菜leek 木耳agarics 豌豆pea 马铃薯（土豆）potato 黄瓜cucumber 苦瓜balsam pear 秋葵okra 洋葱onion 芹菜celery 芹菜杆celery sticks 地瓜sweet potato 蘑菇mushroom 橄榄olive 菠菜spinach 冬瓜（Chinese）wax gourd 莲藕lotus root 紫菜laver 油菜cole rape 茄子eggplant 香菜caraway 枇杷loquat 青椒green pepper 四季豆青刀豆garden bean 银耳silvery fungi 腱子肉tendon 肘子pork joint 茴香fennel（茴香油fennel oil 药用）鲤鱼carp 咸猪肉bacon 金针蘑needle mushroom 扁豆lentil 槟榔areca 牛蒡great burdock 水萝卜summer radish 竹笋bamboo shoot 艾蒿Chinese mugwort 绿豆mung bean 毛豆green soy bean 瘦肉lean meat 肥肉speck 黄花菜day lily （day lily bud）豆芽菜bean sprout 丝瓜towel gourd (注：在美国丝瓜或用来做丝瓜茎loofah洗澡的，不是食用的)
海鲜类（sea food）：
虾仁Peeled Prawns 龙虾lobster 小龙虾crayfish（退缩者）蟹crab 蟹足crab claws 小虾（虾米）shrimp 对虾、大虾prawn （烤）鱿鱼（toast）squid 海参sea cucumber 扇贝scallop 鲍鱼sea-ear abalone 小贝肉cockles 牡蛎oyster 鱼鳞scale 海蜇jellyfish鳖海龟turtle 蚬蛤clam 鲅鱼culter 鲳鱼butterfish 虾籽shrimp egg 鲢鱼银鲤鱼chub silver carp 黄花鱼yellow croaker
调料类（seasonings）：
醋vinegar 酱油soy 盐salt 加碘盐iodized salt 糖sugar 白糖refined sugar 酱soy sauce 沙拉salad 辣椒hot（red）pepper 胡椒（black）pepper 花椒wild pepper Chinese prickly ash powder 色拉油salad oil 调料fixing sauce seasoning 砂糖granulated sugar 红糖brown sugar 冰糖Rock Sugar 芝麻Sesame 芝麻酱Sesame paste 芝麻油Sesame oil 咖喱粉curry 番茄酱（汁）ketchup redeye 辣根horseradish 葱shallot （Spring onions）姜ginger 蒜garlic 料酒cooking wine 蚝油oyster sauce 枸杞（枇杷,欧查果）medlar 八角aniseed 酵母粉yeast barm Yellow pepper 黄椒肉桂cinnamon (在美国十分受欢迎，很多事物都有肉桂料) 黄油butter 香草精vanilla extract(甜点必备) 面粉flour 洋葱onion
主食类（staple food）：
三文治sandwich 米饭rice 粥congee （rice soup）汤soup 饺子dumpling 面条noodle 比萨饼pizza 方便面instant noodle 香肠sausage 面包bread 黄油（白塔油）butter 茶叶蛋Tea eggs 油菜rape 饼干cookies 咸菜（泡菜）pickle 馒头steamed bread 饼（蛋糕）cake 汉堡hamburger 火腿ham 奶酪cheese 馄饨皮wonton skin 高筋面粉Strong flour 小麦wheat 大麦barley 青稞highland barley 高粱broomcorn （kaoliang ）春卷Spring rolls 芋头Taro 山药yam 鱼翅shark fin 黄花daylily 松花蛋皮蛋preserved eggs 春卷spring roll 肉馅饼minced pie 糙米Brown rice 玉米corn 馅儿stuffing 开胃菜appetizer 面粉flour 燕麦oat 白薯甘薯sweet potato牛排steak 里脊肉fillet 凉粉bean jelly 糯米江米sticky rice 燕窝bird's nest 粟Chinese corn 肉丸子meat balls 枳橙citrange 点心（中式）dim sum 淀粉starch 蛋挞egg tart
（dry fruits）干果类：
腰果Cashew nuts 花生peanut 无花果fig 榛子filbert hazel 栗子chestnut 核桃walnut 杏仁almond 果脯preserved fruit 芋头taro 葡萄干raisin cordial 开心果pistachion 巴西果brazil nut 菱角,荸荠water chestnut (和国内食用法不同，做坚果食用)
酒水类（beverage）：
红酒red wine 白酒white wine 白兰地brandy 葡萄酒sherry 汽水(软饮料) soda （盐）汽水sparkling water 果汁juice 冰棒
Ice-lolly 啤酒beer 酸奶yoghurt 伏特加酒vodka 鸡尾酒cocktail 豆奶soy milk 豆浆soybean milk 七喜7 UP 麒麟（日本啤酒kirin）凉开水cold boiled water 汉斯啤酒Hans beer 浓缩果汁concentrated juice 冰镇啤酒iced(chilled ) beer 札幌（日本啤酒）Sapporo 爱尔啤酒（美国）ale A级牛奶grand A milk 班图酒bantu beer 半干雪利dry sark 参水牛奶blue milk 日本粗茶bancha 生啤酒draft beer 白啤酒white beer <苏格兰>大麦酒barley-bree 咖啡伴侣coffee mate
零食类（snack）:
mint 薄荷糖cracker饼干, biscuit饼干, 棒棒糖bonbon 茶tea （沏茶make the tea）话梅prune candied plum 锅巴rice crust 瓜子melon seed 冰棒（冰果）ice（frozen）sucker 冰淇凌ice cream 防腐剂preservative 圣代冰淇淋sundae 巧克力豆marble chocolate barley 布丁pudding
与食品有关的词语（some words about food）:
炸fired 炝quick boiled 烩braise （烩牛舌braised ox tongue）烤roast 饱嗝burp 饱了饱的full stuffed 解渴quench thirst （形容食物变坏spoil spoilage）preservative 防腐剂expiration date 产品有效期（形容酒品好：a good strong brew 绝味酿）
应各位要求补充的中式西式食物
中式早點：
烧饼Clay oven rolls 油条Fried bread stick 韭菜盒Fried leek dumplings
水饺Boiled dumplings 蒸饺Steamed dumplings 馒头Steamed buns
割包Steamed sandwich 饭团Rice and vegetable roll
蛋饼Egg cakes 皮蛋100-year egg 咸鸭蛋Salted duck egg
豆浆Soybean milk
饭类：
稀饭Rice porridge 白饭Plain white rice 油饭Glutinous oil rice
糯米饭Glutinous rice 卤肉饭Braised pork rice 蛋炒饭Fried rice with egg
地瓜粥Sweet potato congee
面类：
馄饨面Wonton & noodles 刀削面Sliced noodles 麻辣面Spicy hot noodles
麻酱面Sesame paste noodles 鴨肉面Duck with noodles 鱔魚面 Eel noodles
乌龙面Seafood noodles 榨菜肉丝面Pork , pickled mustard green noodles
牡蛎细面Oyster thin noodles 板条Flat noodles 米粉Rice noodles
炒米粉Fried rice noodles 冬粉Green bean noodle
汤类：
鱼丸汤Fish ball soup 貢丸汤Meat ball soup 蛋花汤Egg & vegetable soup 蛤蜊汤Clams soup 牡蛎汤Oyster soup 紫菜汤Seaweed soup 酸辣汤Sweet & sour soup 馄饨汤Wonton soup 猪肠汤Pork intestine soup 肉羹汤Pork thick soup 鱿鱼汤Squid soup 花枝羹Squid thick soup
中餐：
bear's paw 熊掌* of deer 鹿脯beche-de-mer; sea cucumber 海参
sea sturgeon 海鳝salted jelly fish 海蜇皮kelp,seaweed 海带abalone鲍鱼shark fin鱼翅scallops干贝lobster龙虾bird's nest 燕窝roast suckling pig 考乳猪
pig's knuckle 猪脚boiled salted duck 盐水鸭preserved meat
腊肉barbecued pork 叉烧sausage 香肠fried pork flakes 肉松BAR-B-Q 烤肉
meat diet 荤菜vegetables 素菜meat broth 肉羹local dish 地方菜Cantonese cuisine 广东菜set meal 客饭curry rice 咖喱饭
fried rice 炒饭plain rice 白饭crispy rice 锅巴
gruel, soft rice , porridge 粥—noodles with gravy 打卤面
plain noodle 阳春面casserole 砂锅chafing dish,fire pot火锅meat bun肉包子
shao-mai烧麦preserved bean curd 腐乳bean curd豆腐
fermented blank bean 豆豉pickled cucumbers 酱瓜
preserved egg 皮蛋salted duck egg 咸鸭蛋dried turnip 萝卜干
西餐与日本料理：
menu 菜单French cuisine法国菜today's special 今日特餐chef's special 主厨特餐buffet 自助餐fast food 快餐specialty 招牌菜continental cuisine 欧式西餐aperitif 饭前酒dim sum 点心French fires炸薯条baked potato烘马铃薯mashed potatoes马铃薯泥omelette 简蛋卷pudding 布丁pastries 甜点pickled vegetables 泡菜kimchi 韩国泡菜crab meat 蟹肉prawn 明虾conch 海螺escargots 田螺braised beef 炖牛肉bacon 熏肉poached egg 荷包蛋sunny side up 煎一面荷包蛋over 煎两面荷包蛋fried egg 煎蛋
over easy 煎半熟蛋over hard 煎全熟蛋scramble eggs 炒蛋
boiled egg 煮蛋stone fire pot 石头火锅sashi 日本竹筷sake 日本米酒
miso shiru 味噌汤roast meat 铁板烤肉sashimi 生鱼片butter 奶油
中国美食小吃的中英文翻译对照 中式早點 烧饼Clay oven rolls 油条Fried bread stick 韭菜盒Fried leek dumplings 水饺Boiled dumplings 蒸饺Steamed dumplings 馒头Steamed buns 割包Steamed sandwich 饭团Rice and vegetable roll 蛋饼Egg cakes 皮蛋100-year egg 咸鸭蛋Salted duck egg 豆浆Soybean milk 饭类 稀饭Rice porridge 白饭Plain white rice 油饭Glutinous oil rice
糯米饭Glutinous rice 卤肉饭Braised pork rice 蛋炒饭Fried rice with egg 地瓜粥Sweet potato congee 面类 馄饨面Wonton & noodles 刀削面Sliced noodles 麻辣面Spicy hot noodles 麻酱面Sesame paste noodles 鴨肉面Duck with noodles 鱔魚面Eel noodles 乌龙面Seafood noodles 榨菜肉丝面Pork , pickled mustard green noodles 牡蛎细面Oyster thin noodles 板条Flat noodles 米粉Rice noodles 炒米粉Fried rice noodles 冬粉Green bean noodle 汤类
鱼丸汤Fish ball soup 貢丸汤Meat ball soup 蛋花汤Egg & vegetable soup 蛤蜊汤Clams soup 牡蛎汤Oyster soup 紫菜汤Seaweed soup 酸辣汤Sweet & sour soup 馄饨汤Wonton soup 猪肠汤Pork intestine soup 肉羹汤Pork thick soup 鱿鱼汤Squid soup 花枝羹Squid thick soup 甜点 爱玉Vegetarian gelatin 糖葫芦Tomatoes on sticks 长寿桃Longevity Peaches 芝麻球Glutinous rice sesame balls 麻花Hemp flowers 双胞胎Horse hooves
中国菜谱英语翻译：主食小吃（一） 1、X.O.炒萝卜糕：Turnip Cake with XO Sauce 2、八宝饭：Eight Treasure Rice 3、白粥：Plain Rice Porridge 4、XO酱海鲜蛋炒饭：Stir-fried Rice with Assorted Seafood in XO Sauce 5、鲍鱼丝金菇焖伊面：Stir-fried Noodles with Mushrooms and Shredded Abalone 6、鲍汁海鲜烩饭：Boiled Seafood and Rice with Abalone Sauce 7、鲍汁海鲜面：Seafood Noodles with Abalone Sauce 8炒肝：Stir-fried Liver Beijing Style 9、鸡汤馄饨：Wonton in Chicken Soup 10、炸酱面：Noodles with Bean Paste 、 11、碧绿鲜虾肠粉：Fresh Shrimps in Rice Flour Noodles with Vegetables 12、冰糖银耳炖雪梨：Stewed Sweet Pear with White Fungus 13、菜脯叉烧肠粉：Steamed Rice Rolls with Preserved Vegetables 14、菜盒子：Stir-fried Crispy Cake Stuffed with Vegetable 15、菜肉大馄饨：Pork and Vegetable Wonton 16、菜肉饺子：Dumplings Stuffed with Minced Pork and Vegetable 17、参吧素菜卷：Sweet Dumplings Stuffed with Cream and Mixed Fruits 18、草菇牛肉肠粉：Steamed Rice Noodle Rolls with Mushrooms and Minced Beef 19、叉烧包：Barbecued Pork Bun 20、叉烧焗餐包：Barbecued Pork Dumpling 21、叉烧酥：Cake with Barbecued Pork
比较全的食物英文翻译 水果类（fruits）： 西红柿tomato 菠萝pineapple 西瓜watermelon 香蕉banana 柚子shaddock （pomelo）橙子orange 苹果apple 柠檬lemon 樱桃cherry 桃子peach 梨pear 枣Chinese dat e （去核枣pitted date ）椰子coconut 草莓strawberry 树莓raspberry 蓝莓blueber ry 黑莓blackberry 葡萄grape 甘蔗sugar cane 芒果mango 木瓜pawpaw或者papay a 杏子apricot 油桃nectarine 柿子persimmon 石榴pomegranate 榴莲jackfruit 槟榔果areca nut （西班牙产苦橙）bitter orange 猕猴桃kiwi fruit or Chinese gooseberry 金橘cumquat 蟠桃flat peach 荔枝litchi 青梅greengage 山楂果haw 水蜜桃honey p each 香瓜，甜瓜musk melon 李子plum 杨梅waxberry red bayberry 桂圆longan 沙果crab apple 杨桃starfruit 枇杷loquat 柑橘tangerine 莲雾wax-apple 番石榴guava 肉、蔬菜类： 南瓜（倭瓜）pumpkin cushaw 甜玉米Sweet corn 牛肉beef 猪肉pork 羊肉mutton 羔羊肉lamb 鸡肉chicken 生菜莴苣lettuce 白菜Chinese cabbage （celery cabbage）（甘蓝）卷心菜cabbage 萝卜radish 胡萝卜carrot 韭菜leek 木耳agarics 豌豆pea 马铃薯（土豆）potato 黄瓜cucumber 苦瓜balsam pear 秋葵okra 洋葱onion 芹菜celery 芹菜杆celery sticks 地瓜sweet potato 蘑菇mushroom 橄榄olive 菠菜spinac h 冬瓜（Chinese）wax gourd 莲藕lotus root 紫菜laver 油菜cole rape 茄子eggpla nt 香菜caraway 枇杷loquat 青椒green pepper 四季豆青刀豆garden bean 银耳sil very fungi 腱子肉tendon 肘子pork joint 茴香fennel（茴香油fennel oil 药用）鲤鱼c arp 咸猪肉bacon 金针蘑needle mushroom 扁豆lentil 槟榔areca 牛蒡great burdock 水萝卜summer radish 竹笋bamboo shoot 艾蒿Chinese mugwort 绿豆mung bean 毛豆green soy bean 瘦肉lean meat 肥肉speck 黄花菜day lily （day lily bud）豆芽菜bean sprout 丝瓜towel gourd (注：在美国丝瓜或用来做丝瓜茎loofah洗澡的，不是食用的) 海鲜类（sea food）： 虾仁Peeled Prawns 龙虾lobster 小龙虾crayfish（退缩者）蟹crab 蟹足crab claws 小虾（虾米）shrimp 对虾、大虾prawn （烤）鱿鱼（toast）squid 海参sea cucumber 扇贝scallop 鲍鱼sea-ear abalone 小贝肉cockles 牡蛎oyster 鱼鳞scale 海蜇jellyfish 鳖海龟turtle 蚬蛤clam 鲅鱼culter 鲳鱼butterfish 虾籽shrimp egg 鲢鱼银鲤鱼ch ub silver carp 黄花鱼yellow croaker 调料类（seasonings）： 醋vinegar 酱油soy 盐salt 加碘盐iodized salt 糖sugar 白糖refined sugar 酱soy sauce 沙拉salad 辣椒hot（red）pepper 胡椒（black）pepper 花椒wild pepper Chin ese prickly ash powder 色拉油salad oil 调料fixing sauce seasoning 砂糖granulated sugar 红糖brown sugar 冰糖Rock Sugar 芝麻Sesame 芝麻酱Sesame paste 芝麻油Sesame oil 咖喱粉curry 番茄酱（汁）ketchup redeye 辣根horseradish 葱shallot （S
中国特色美食地道英文翻译 白菜豆腐焖酥肉：Braised Pork Cubes with Tofu and Chinese Cabbage 鲍鱼红烧肉：Braised Pork with Abalone 鲍汁扣东坡肉：Braised Dongpo Pork with Abalone Sauce 百叶结烧肉：Stewed Pork Cubes and Tofu Skin in Brown Sauce 碧绿叉烧肥肠：Steamed Rice Rolls with BBQ Pork Intestines and Vegetables 潮式椒酱肉：Fried Pork with Chili Soy Sauce，Chaozhou Style 潮式凉瓜排骨：Spare Ribs with Bitter Melon，Chaozhou Style 豉油皇咸肉：Steamed Preserved Pork in Black Sauce 川味小炒：Shredded Pork with Vegetables, Sichuan Style 地瓜烧肉：Stewed Diced Pork and Sweet Potatoes 东坡方肉：Braised Dongpo Pork 冬菜扣肉：Braised Pork with Preserved Vegetables 方竹笋炖肉：Braised Pork with Bamboo Shoots 干煸小猪腰：Fried Pig Kidney with Onion 干豆角回锅肉：Sautéed Spicy Pork with Dried Beans 干锅排骨鸡：Griddle Cooked Spare Ribs and Chicken 咕噜肉：Gulaorou (Sweet and Sour Pork with Fat) 怪味猪手：Braised Spicy Pig Feet 黑椒焗猪手：Baked Pig Feet with Black Pepper 红烧狮子头：Stewed Pork Ball in Brown Sauce 脆皮乳猪：Crispy BBQ Suckling Pig 回锅肉片：Sautéed Sliced Pork with Pepper and Chili
1. 元宵节：Lantern Festival 2. 刺绣：embroidery 3. 重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival 4. 清明节：Tomb sweeping day 5. 剪纸：Paper Cutting 6. 书法：Calligraphy 7. 对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets 8. 象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters 9. 人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow 10. 四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle 11. 战国：Warring States 12. 风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen 13. 铁饭碗：Iron Bowl 14. 函授部：The Correspondence Department 15. 集体舞：Group Dance 16. 黄土高原：Loess Plateau 17. 红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals 18. 中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day 19. 结婚证：Marriage Certificate 20. 儒家文化：Confucian Culture 21. 附属学校：Affiliated school 22. 古装片：Costume Drama 23. 武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie 24. 元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup) 25. 一国两制：One Country, Two Systems 26. 火锅：Hot Pot 27. 四人帮：Gang of Four 28. 《诗经》：The Book of Songs 29. 素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education 30. 《史记》：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian 31. 大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Movement) 32. 《西游记》：The Journey to the West 33. 除夕：Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival 34. 针灸：Acupuncture 35. 唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery 36. 中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics 37. 偏旁：radical 38. 孟子：Mencius 39. 亭/阁：Pavilion/ Attic
中国菜名的英文翻译 头盘餐前小品Appetizers 1.各式刺身拼Sashimi Platter 2.锅贴Pot Sticker 3.辣汁脆炸鸡腿Fried Chicken Legs (Spicy Hot) 4.鸡沙律Chicken Salad 5.酥炸大虾Fried Prawns 6.酥炸生豪Fried Oysters 7.酥炸鲜鱿Fried Squid 8.海哲分蹄Smoked Jelly Fish 9.五香牛展Special Beef 10.白云凤爪Chicken Leg 11.琥珀合桃House Special Honey Walnuts 12.脆皮春卷Spring Rolls 13.蜜汁叉烧B.B.Q. Pork 汤羹类Soup 1.花胶鲍鱼火鸭丝羹Congee Pike Maw With Roast Duck 2.红烧鸡丝翅Chicken Shark's Fin Soup 3.竹笙烩生翅Bamboo Shark Fin Soup 4.粟米瑶柱羹Corn with Dry Scallops Soup 5.竹笙海皇羹Bamboo Seafood Soup 6.鸡蓉粟米羹Corn & Chicken Soup
7.酸辣汤Hot & Sour Soup 8.法国海鲜汤French Style Seafood Soup 9.法国杂菜汤French Style Vegetable Soup 10.杂锦云吞汤Combination Won Ton Soup 11.芥菜肉片咸蛋汤Mustard Green Salted Egg Soup 12.火鸭咸蛋芥菜汤Roast Duck Salt Egg / Mustard Green 13.西葫牛肉羹West Lake Beef Soup 14.三丝烩鱼肚Fish Soup 15.蝴蝶海参羹Sea Cucumber Soup 16.四宝豆腐羹Steam Tofu Soup 龙虾蟹类Seafood (Lobster, Shrimp, Crab) 1.法式咖喱焗龙虾French Curry Lobster 2.法式芝士牛油焗龙虾Cheese Lobster 3.上汤焗龙虾Special Style Lobster 4.蒜茸蒸龙虾Garlic Style Lobster 5.豉椒炒肉蟹Crab 6.上汤姜葱焗蟹Green Onion Crab 7.椒盐蟹Spicy Salt Crab 8.粉丝咖喱蟹煲Rice Noodle Curry Crab 虾鲜鱿贝类Seafood 1.菜远虾球Shrimp with Tender Green 2.白灼中虾Boil Shrimp
烧饼Clay oven rolls 油条Fried bread stick 韭菜盒Fried leek dumplings 水饺Boiled dumplings 蒸饺Steamed dumplings 馒头Steamed buns 割包Steamed sandwich 饭团Rice and vegetable roll 蛋饼Egg cakes 皮蛋100-year egg 咸鸭蛋Salted duck egg 豆浆Soybean milk 饭类： 稀饭Rice porridge 白饭Plain white rice 油饭Glutinous oil rice 糯米饭Glutinous rice 卤肉饭Braised pork rice 蛋炒饭Fried rice with egg 地瓜粥Sweet potato congee 面类： 馄饨面Wonton & noodles 刀削面Sliced noodles 麻辣面Spicy hot noodles 麻酱面Sesame paste noodles 鴨肉面Duck with noodles 鱔魚面 Eel noodles 乌龙面Seafood noodles 榨菜肉丝面Pork , pickled mustard green noodles 牡蛎细面Oyster thin noodles 板条Flat noodles 米粉Rice noodles 炒米粉Fried rice noodles 冬粉Green bean noodle 汤类： 鱼丸汤Fish ball soup 貢丸汤Meat ball soup 蛋花汤Egg & vegetable soup 蛤蜊汤Clams soup 牡蛎汤Oyster soup 紫菜汤Seaweed soup 酸辣汤Sweet & sour soup 馄饨汤Wonton soup 猪肠汤Pork intestine soup 肉羹汤Pork thick soup 鱿鱼汤Squid soup 花枝羹Squid thick soup 甜点： 爱玉Vegetarian gelatin 糖葫芦Tomatoes on sticks 长寿桃Longevity Peaches 芝麻球Glutinous rice sesame balls 麻花Hemp flowers 双胞胎Horse hooves 冰类： 绵绵冰Mein mein ice 麦角冰Oatmeal ice 地瓜冰Sweet potato ice 紅豆牛奶冰Red bean with milk ice 八宝冰Eight treasures ice 豆花Tofu pudding 果汁： 甘蔗汁Sugar cane juice 酸梅汁Plum juice 杨桃汁Star fruit juice 青草茶Herb juice 点心： 牡蛎煎Oyster omelet 臭豆腐 Stinky tofu (Smelly tofu) 油豆腐Oily bean curd 麻辣豆腐Spicy hot bean curd 虾片Prawn cracker 虾球Shrimp balls 春卷Spring rolls 蛋卷Chicken rolls 碗糕 Salty rice pudding 豆干Dried tofu 筒仔米糕Rice tube pudding 红豆糕Red bean cake 绿豆糕Bean paste cake 糯米糕Glutinous rice cakes 萝卜糕Fried white radish patty 芋头糕Taro cake 肉圆Taiwanese Meatballs 水晶饺Pyramid dumplings 肉丸Rice-meat dumplings 其他： 当归鸭Angelica duck 槟榔Betel nut 火锅Hot pot
传统翻译的理论分析 作为凝结数代人智慧结晶的宝藏，中国传统翻译理论一直闪耀着独特的光芒。回顾对传统翻译理论的研究，从最初的自得，到强烈的反思倾向，再到积极研究，它的价值，尤其是现代价值，逐渐为人们所挖掘、接受。 一、中国传统翻译理论 中国传统翻译理论中，严复的“信达雅”说，傅雷的“神似”论，以及钱钟书的“化境”说较负盛名。不同时期翻译理论的内在联系使我国传统翻译理论形成一个较为完整的结构体系，即“案本—求信—神似—化境”。 严复在《天演论》中，提出自己经典的翻译理论:“译事三难:信、达、雅。”这一理论要求译者在翻译时做到:忠于原文，强调原文内容的准确传递，即信;意思表达准确流畅，强调译文的可接受性，即达;文笔优美，富有文采，强调文章的可读性，即雅。三者是个完整的原则体系，是严复结合了古代佛经翻译基础和自己的实践提出的。 傅雷的“神似”说见于“《高老头》重译本序”，“以效果而论，翻译应该象临画一样，所求不在形似而在神似。”“神韵全部抓握住了，才
能放大胆子。”他认为翻译在于“得其精而忘其粗，在其内而忘其外”。神行皆具最佳，当神似与形似无法两全时，就不该拘泥于字面，应使译文成为纯粹的目的语，能朗朗上口。为求神韵，而稍略形色。而精读熟读原文，对原文透彻理解，是“神似”的前提条件。 在前两个翻译理论的基础上，钱钟书又提出了“化境”论。 “文字翻译的最高理想可以说是‘化’。把作品从一国文字转变成另一国文字，既能不因语文习惯的差异而露出生硬牵强的痕迹，又能完全保存原有的风味，那就算得入于化境。”十七世纪有人将这一翻译的造诣，“比为原作的投胎转世，躯壳换了一个，而精神姿致依然故我”。终于原作而又生动自然。 二、中国传统翻译理论的现代价值 (一)人文主义价值。现代社会中，人文关怀和人性价值已经成为一种时尚的价值名词。我国传统翻译理论中对读者的重视反映出传统理论对人的重视。在翻译中，以读者的理解和享受为先，以人为本，重视读者，反映了传统理论的现代人文价值。 严复的“信达雅”，首者“信”，对原文意思的准确传递有助于读者更好的从文字里领会原文的意思，可以满足读者阅读需要;而“达、雅”，
中国食物的英文翻译 中式早點 烧饼Clay oven rolls 油条Fried bread stick 韭菜盒Fried leek dumplings 水饺Boiled dumplings 蒸饺Steamed dumplings 馒头Steamed buns 割包Steamed sandwich 饭团Rice and vegetable roll 蛋饼Egg cakes 皮蛋100-year egg 咸鸭蛋Salted duck egg 豆浆Soybean milk 饭类 稀饭Rice porridge 白饭Plain white rice 油饭Glutinous oil rice 糯米饭Glutinous rice 卤肉饭Braised pork rice 蛋炒饭Fried rice with egg 地瓜粥Sweet potato congee 面类 馄饨面Wonton & noodles 刀削面Sliced noodles 麻辣面Spicy hot noodles 麻酱面Sesame paste noodles 鴨肉面Duck with noodles 鱔魚面Eel noodles 乌龙面Seafood noodles 榨菜肉丝面Pork , pickled mustard green noodles 牡蛎细面Oyster thin noodles 板条Flat noodles 米粉Rice noodles 炒米粉Fried rice noodles 冬粉Green bean noodle 汤类
鱼丸汤Fish ball soup 貢丸汤Meat ball soup 蛋花汤Egg & vegetable soup 蛤蜊汤Clams soup 牡蛎汤Oyster soup 紫菜汤Seaweed soup 酸辣汤Sweet & sour soup 馄饨汤Wonton soup 猪肠汤Pork intestine soup 肉羹汤Pork thick soup 鱿鱼汤Squid soup 花枝羹Squid thick soup 甜点 爱玉Vegetarian gelatin 糖葫芦Tomatoes on sticks 长寿桃Longevity Peaches 芝麻球Glutinous rice sesame balls 麻花Hemp flowers 双胞胎Horse hooves 冰类 绵绵冰Mein mein ice 麦角冰Oatmeal ice 地瓜冰Sweet potato ice 紅豆牛奶冰Red bean with milk ice 八宝冰Eight treasures ice 豆花Tofu pudding 果汁 甘蔗汁Sugar cane juice 酸梅汁Plum juice 杨桃汁Star fruit juice 青草茶Herb juice 点心 牡蛎煎Oyster omelet 臭豆腐Stinky tofu (Smelly tofu) 油豆腐Oily bean curd 麻辣豆腐Spicy hot bean curd
1.香囊(scented sachet)，古代也称“香袋”，通常是用布缝制或彩色丝线编织的袋子，里面塞满香草(aromatic herbs)。香囊最初用来吸汗、驱虫和避邪。香囊不仅有用，而且可作装饰品。它们的形状和大小各异，有圆形、椭圆形和其他形状。它们通常配有精致的图案，每个图案都象征着特别的含义。例如，双鱼或成对蝴蝶图案象征男女之爱;莲花或牡丹花(peony flower)等图案象征女性;松树和仙鹤图案象征长寿;石榴(guava)图案象征很多孩子。漂亮的香囊不仅是装饰品，而且含有丰富的文化和历史内涵。 翻译：Scented sachets, also called “fragrant bags” in ancient times, are bags usually sewed with cloth or weaved with multicolor silk threads and stuffed with aromatic herbs. The fragrant bags were originally used for absorbing sweat, repelling insects and warding off evils. Scented sachets are not only useful, but also ornamental. They come in different shapes and sizes, such as round, oval and many others. And they are normally decorated with elaborate patterns, with each pattern symbolizing a special meaning.For instance,a double-fish or double-butterfly pattern smybolizes the love between a man and a woman;patterns like lotus or peony flowers symbolize women;pine and crane patterns symbolize longevity and a guava pattern is the symbol of lots of children.A nice scented sachet is not just an ornament,but more of something that contains cultural and historical richness. 2.中国民间艺术与中国哲学统一于“阴阳(yin-yang)生万物”这一理念。这一理念源于中国原始社会，是对人类的人生感悟的哲学注解。中国人祖先的哲学论断是“近看自己，远观他人”。要理解中华民族民间艺术的原始艺术，这一结论必不可少。人类的本能欲望是生存并通过繁衍(propagation)继续存在。人生来的首要本能是求生，然后是长寿。从原始社会到今天，阴阳和永生的观念始终贯穿中国的社会生活和民族文化。中国民间艺术反映了社会的所有基本哲学理念。 翻译：Chinese folk art and Chinese philosophy are unified in the belief that yin-yang produces all living things in the world. Originated in Chinese primitive society, this was the philosophical explanation of human's perception of life. Chinese ancestors philosophical conclusion was to “look at oneself up close and other creatures from afar”，which is essential to the understanding of the primitive art to the folk art of the nation. To live and to continue life through propagation are the two instinctive desires of human. From birth, a person's first instinct is to survive, and then to live a long life. From primitive society to the present day, the view of yin-yang and perpetual life has permeated in all aspects of social life and the national culture of Chinese society.Chinese folk art reflects all of the basic philosophical concepts. 3.象棋(Chinese chess)两人玩的棋盘游戏，源于春秋战国时期的军事战略。早期的象棋由三部分组成:棋子、骰(dice)和棋盘。现代象棋没有骰子,它在棋子和棋盘方面与古代不同。棋盘有9行宽、10行长，共90个交叉点，构成方形网格(grid)。棋子在交叉点上落子或移动。对弈者在棋盘进行象征性的军很战争，部署马匹、战车，根据自己对棋局和游戏规则的理解组织军队。目前，中国象棋已传至全世界，进一步传承、发扬中国传统文化。
蔬菜与调味品 string bean 四季豆 bean sprout 豆芽 cabbage 包心菜; 大白菜celery 芹菜 leek 韭菜 caraway 香菜 spinach 菠菜 carrot 胡萝卜 loofah 丝瓜 pumpkin 南瓜 bitter gourd 苦瓜 cucumber 黄瓜 white gourd 冬瓜 needle mushroom 金针菇tomato 番茄 eggplant 茄子 potato, 马铃薯 lotus root 莲藕 agaric 木耳 vinegar 醋 peanut oil 花生油 soy sauce 酱油 ginger 生姜 scallion,青葱 green pepper 青椒 pea 豌豆 bamboo shoot 竹笋seasoning 调味品 green soy bean 毛豆 soybean sprout 黄豆芽 mung bean sprout 绿豆芽 kale 甘蓝菜 broccoli 花椰菜 mater convolvulus 空心菜 dried lily flower 金针菜mustard leaf 芥菜 tarragon 蒿菜 beetroot 甜菜根 lettuce 生菜 preserved szechuan pickle 榨菜salted vegetable 雪里红lettuce 莴苣 asparagus 芦荟
dried bamboo shoot 笋干 water chestnut 荸荠 long crooked squash 菜瓜 gherkin 小黄瓜 yam 山芋 taro 芋头 champignon 香菇 dried mushroom 冬菇 white fungus 百木耳 garlic 大蒜 onion 洋葱 wheat gluten 面筋 miso 味噌 caviar 鱼子酱 barbeque sauce 沙茶酱 tomato ketchup, tomato sauce 番茄酱mustard 芥末 salt 盐 sugar 糖 sweet 甜 sour 酸 bitter 苦 lard 猪油 餐类 breakfast 早餐 to have breakfast 吃早餐 lunch 午餐 to have lunch 用午餐 afternoon tea 下午茶(4-5点钟) high tea 午茶,茶点(下午黄昏时) dinner, supper 晚饭 to dine, to have dinner, to have supper 吃晚饭soup 汤 hors d\'oeuvre (正餐前的)开胃食品 entree 正菜 main course 主菜 sweet, dessert 甜食 snack 点心,小吃 helping, portion 份,客 sandwich 三明治,夹肉面包 食品和调味品
翻译理论与实践热点问题的新探讨 ——第四届全国典籍英译研讨会述评 黄中习 翻译理论与实践的关系历来是翻译界关心的主要话题，也是于2007年4月20-22日在广州召开的第四届全国典籍英译研讨会的重要议题。来自全国54个高等院校、科研院所和出版社的100多名代表从不同视角探讨了典籍英译理论与实践的方方面面。如果说刚刚在北京落幕的“中译外——中国走向世界之路”高层论坛是一次官方组织的专业论坛，本届研讨会则是一次中国典籍英译的专题研讨，也可以视为前者的一个“分会场”。与会代表正是带着强烈的“译经意识”①，为传译和弘扬蕴藏在我国历代典籍中的中华文化精髓的目的参与研讨，为发展中国典籍英译事业献技献策。 一、承前启后，出谋划策 典籍英译的学科建设和人才培养是本届研讨会的重要主题。苏州大学博士生导师汪榕培教授在大会开幕辞中简要回顾了中国典籍英译的历史与现状，指出了典籍英译存在的问题，并就翻译学的学科建设、翻译专业人才培养等诸多问题提出了许多建设性意见和建议。他认为，目前的中国典籍英译事业正处于历史上最佳时期。本科翻译专业的设置，翻译学硕士点和博士点的增多，都说明翻译学作为一个独立学科已经得到了学界的认可。翻译专业不同层次的人才培养已经实现了对接，同时也为翻译人才培养质量的提高创造了有利条件。我国从事典籍英译的资深人士已渐入高龄，而中年人才又严重匮乏，因而典籍英译研究出现了断层，这是制约中国典籍英译事业进一步发展的瓶颈。他建议教育主管部门采取积极措施，重视翻译学科建设；人才培养部门要遴选和培养有一定翻译经验、对汉译英感兴趣、热心于典籍英译的学生，强化汉译英翻译实践，有计划培养一批汉译英的专门翻译人才。 华东师范大学博士生导师潘文国教授在会上畅谈了目前我国典籍英译的良好机遇和发展典籍英译事业一系列对策中的“一个认识、两个理论和四个工程”。“一个认识”指的是中译外究竟应该由中国人做还是由外国人做的问题，即译入还是译出的问题；“两个理论”是指由于语言上的巨大差异性，“中西互译”与“西西互译”需要两种不同的翻译理论作为指导；“四个工程”是指以《大中华文库》为代表的具体翻译工程、翻译研究工程、工具书和资料的编撰工程和翻译人才培养工程。基于中西语言有较大差异，外国人学习汉语有较大困难，“中译外”与“外译中”之间有着很大的专业差别。他呼
Unit 1 Book3 中国传统节日 中国传统节日以中国的农历为依据。农历年的岁首称为春节，俗称“过年”，有祈年等多种习俗，是中国人民最隆重的传统节日，象征团结兴旺。其他主要的节日有元宵节、清明节、端午节、七夕节、中秋节、重阳节、冬至节、腊八节等等。各个节日都有其来源讲究和风俗习惯。农历节日与农历中的二十四节气不同。农历节日是中华民族凝聚力与生命力的体现。 Traditional Chinese Festivals Traditional Chinese festivals are usually fixed according to the lunar calendar. January 1st on lunar calendar has been designated as the Spring Festival (generally referred to as guonian). There are several customs during the Spring Festival, such as praying for a good harvest, etc. The Spring Festival is the most ceremonious traditional festival in China and symbolizes unity and prosperity. Some other significant Chinese festivals include the Lantern Festival, the Pure Bright Festival, the Dragon Boat Festival, the Double-seventh Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival, the Double-Ninth Festival, the Winter Solstice, and the Eighth Day of the Twelfth Lunar Month, etc. Each festival has its own unique origin and custom. These Chinese festivals that follow the lunar calendar are different from the 24 Solar Terms in the lunar calendar. They embody China’s cohesion and vitality. Unit 3 Book3 中国画 中国古代四大艺术“琴棋书画”的“画”特指国画。其绘画形式是毛笔蘸水、墨、颜料作画于绢、帛、宣纸之上，古代称之为水墨丹青。为区别于西方的油画而称之为“中国画”，简称“国画”。其题材有人物、山水、花鸟等。技法可分为工笔和写意。国画的艺术特质在于“笔墨”，强调以形写神，画尽意在。国画在艺术创作上反映了中华民族的审美意识和情趣。 Traditional Chinese Painting The four art forms in ancient China are guqin, chess, penmanship, and painting. And painting particularly refers to traditional Chinese painting. Traditional Chinese painting is done with a brush dipped into black or colored ink and is painted on silk or xuan paper. In ancient China, it was called “ink-painting”. In order to distinguish it from Western oil-paintings, the Chinese people term their works “traditional Chinese painting” (abbreviated to “Chinese painting”). The subjec t matters of Chinese paintings are typically figures, landscapes, birds and flowers. The drawing skills and techniques employed by the Chinese painters can be divided into two forms：
中餐菜名中英文对照翻译2753 Beverages 凉菜类 1、白菜心拌蜇头Marinated Jellyfish and Chinese Cabbage in V inaigrette 2、白灵菇扣鸭掌Mushrooms with Duck Feet 3、拌豆腐丝Shredded Tofu with Sauce 4、白切鸡Boiled Chicken with Sauce 5、拌双耳Tossed Black and White Fungus 6、冰梅凉瓜Bitter Melon in Plum Sauce 7、冰镇芥兰Chinese Broccoli with Wasabi 8、朝鲜辣白菜Korean Cabbage in Chili Sauce 9、朝鲜泡菜Kimchi 10、陈皮兔肉Rabbit Meat with Tangerine Flavor 11、川北凉粉Clear Noodles in Chili Sauce 12、刺身凉瓜Bitter Melon with Wasabi 13、豆豉多春鱼Shisamo in Black Bean Sauce 14、夫妻肺片Pork Lungs in Chili Sauce 15、干拌牛舌Ox Tongue in Chili Sauce 16、干拌顺风Pig Ear in Chili Sauce 17、怪味牛腱Spiced Beef Shank 18、红心鸭卷Sliced Duck Rolls with Egg Y olk 19、姜汁皮蛋Preserved Eggs in Ginger Sauce 20、酱香猪蹄Pig Feet Seasoned with Soy Sauce 21、酱肘花Sliced Pork in Soy Sauce 22、金豆芥兰Chinese Broccoli with Soy Beans 23、韭黄螺片Sliced Sea Whelks with Hotbed Chives 24、老北京豆酱Traditional Beijing Bean Paste 25、老醋泡花生Peanuts Pickled in Aged V inegar 26、凉拌金针菇Golden Mushrooms and Mixed V egetables 27、凉拌西芹云耳Celery with White Fungus 28、卤水大肠Marinated Pork Intestines 29、卤水豆腐Marinated Tofu 30、卤水鹅头Marinated Goose Heads 31、卤水鹅翼Marinated Goose Wings 32、卤水鹅掌Marinated Goose Feet 33、卤水鹅胗Marinated Goose Gizzard 34、卤水鸡蛋Marinated Eggs 35、卤水金钱肚Marinated Pork Tripe 36、卤水牛腱Marinated Beef Shank 37、卤水牛舌Marinated Ox Tongue 38、卤水拼盘Marinated Meat Combination 39、卤水鸭肉Marinated Duck Meat 40、萝卜干毛豆Dried Radish with Green Soybean 41、麻辣肚丝Shredded Pig Tripe in Chili Sauce 42、美味牛筋Beef Tendon 43、蜜汁叉烧Honey-Stewed BBQ Pork 44、明炉烧鸭Roast Duck 45、泡菜什锦Assorted Pickles 46、泡椒凤爪Chicken Feet with Pickled Peppers 47、皮蛋豆腐Tofu with Preserved Eggs 48、乳猪拼盘Roast Suckling Pig 49、珊瑚笋尖Sweet and Sour Bamboo Shoots 50、爽口西芹Crispy Celery 51、四宝烤麸Marinated Bran Dough with Peanuts and Black Fungus 52、松仁香菇Black Mushrooms with Pine Nuts 53、蒜茸海带丝Sliced Kelp in Garlic Sauce 54、跳水木耳Black Fungus with Pickled Capsicum 55、拌海螺Whelks and Cucumber 56、五彩酱鹅肝Goose Liver with White Gourd 57、五香牛肉Spicy Roast Beef 58、五香熏干Spicy Smoked Dried Tofu 59、五香熏鱼Spicy Smoked Fish 60、五香云豆Spicy Kidney Beans 61、腌三文鱼Marinated Salmon 62、盐焗鸡Baked Chicken in Salt 63、盐水虾肉Poached Salted Shrimps Without Shell 64、糟香鹅掌Braised Goose Feet in Rice Wine Sauce 65、酿黄瓜条Pickled Cucumber Strips 66、米醋海蜇Jellyfish in V inegar 67、卤猪舌Marinated Pig Tongue 68、三色中卷Squid Rolls Stuffed with Bean, Ham and Egg Y olk 69、蛋衣河鳗Egg Rolls Stuffed with Eel 70、盐水鹅肉Goose Slices in Salted Spicy Sauce 71、冰心苦瓜Bitter Melon Salad 72、五味九孔Fresh Abalone in Spicy Sauce 73、明虾荔枝沙拉Shrimps and Litchi Salad 74、五味牛腱Spicy Beef Shank 75、拌八爪鱼Spicy Cuttlefish 76、鸡脚冻Chicken Feet Galantine 77、香葱酥鱼Crispy Crucian Carp in Scallion Oil 78、蒜汁鹅胗Goose Gizzard in Garlic Sauce 79、黄花素鸡V egetarian Chicken with Day Lily 80、姜汁鲜鱿Fresh Squid in Ginger Sauce 81、桂花糯米藕Steamed Lotus Root Stuffed with Sweet Sticky Rice 82、卤鸭冷切Spicy Marinated Duck 83、松田青豆Songtian Green Beans 84、色拉九孔Abalone Salad 85、凉拌花螺Cold Sea Whelks with Dressing 86、素鸭V egetarian Duck 87、酱鸭Duck Seasoned with Soy Sauce 88、麻辣牛筋Spicy Beef Tendon 89、醉鸡Liquor-Soaked Chicken 90、可乐芸豆French Beans in Coca-Cola 91、桂花山药Chinese Y am with Osmanthus Sauce 92、豆豉鲫鱼Crucian Carp with Black Bean Sauce 93、水晶鱼冻Fish Aspic 94、酱板鸭Spicy Salted Duck 95、烧椒皮蛋Preserved Eggs with Chili 96、酸辣瓜条Cucumber with Hot and Sour Sauce 97、五香大排Spicy Pork Ribs 98、三丝木耳Black Fungus with Cucumber and Vermicelle 99、酸辣蕨根粉Hot and Sour Fern Root Noodles 100、小黄瓜蘸酱Small Cucumber with Soybean Paste 101、拌苦菜Mixed Bitter V egetables 102、蕨根粉拌蛰头Fern Root Noodles with Jellyfish 103、老醋黑木耳Black Fungus in Vinegar 104、清香苦菊Chrysanthemum with Sauce 105、琥珀核桃Honeyed Walnuts 106、杭州凤鹅Pickled Goose, Hangzhou Style 107、香吃茶树菇Spicy Tea Tree Mushrooms 108、琥珀花生Honeyed Peanuts 109、葱油鹅肝Goose Liver with Scallion and Chili Oil 110、拌爽口海苔Sea Moss with Sauce 111、巧拌海茸Mixed Seaweed 112、蛋黄凉瓜Bitter Melon with Egg Y olk 113、龙眼风味肠Sausage Stuffed with Salty Egg 114、水晶萝卜Sliced Turnip with Sauce 115、腊八蒜茼蒿Crown Daisy with Sweet Garlic 116、香辣手撕茄子Eggplant with Chili Oil