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2018 年高考英语全国卷I （含答案）
（考试时间 100 分钟满分： 120 分）
第一部分、听力（略）
第二部分、阅读理解（满分40 分）
第一节 (共 15 小题:每小题 2 分, 满分 30 分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、 B、 C 和 D四个选项中 , 选出最佳选项。
A
Washington, D. C Bicycle Tours
Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.
Duration:3 hours
This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world famous cherry
trees with beautiful flowers of Washington ， D.C. Your guide will provide a history
lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your
spot before availability-and the cherry blossoms-disappear ！
Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour
Duration: 3 hours(4 miles)
Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington,
D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide
shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.
Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D. C
Duration: 3 hours
Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.
C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington,
D.C. in a
healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will
entertain you with the most interesting stories
about Presidents ， Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and
a smooth tour route( 路线 )make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.
Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
Duration:3 hours (7 miles)
Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the
heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials
as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent
stops are made for photo taking as
your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.
Word 范文
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21.Which tour do you need to book in advance?
A.Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.
B.Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.
C.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,
D. C
D.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.
22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?
A.Meet famous people.
B.Go to a national park.
C.Visit well-known museums.
D.Enjoy interesting stories.
23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide ？
A.City maps.
B.Cameras.
C.Meals.
D.Safety lights.
B
Good Morning Britain's Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every
morning ， but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role - showing families how
to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget 。
In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the
help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing
recipes for under ￡ 5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says
she's been able to put a lot of what she's learnt into practice in her own home,
preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.
“We love Mexican churros so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway
restaurant, "she explains. "I pay ￡ 5 for a portion （份）， but Matt makes them for
26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy
takeaway food, but sometimes we 're not aware how cheaply we can make this food
ourselves. ”
The eight-part series( 系列节目 ), Save money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps
of I TV's Save Money ： Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value
from the vast range of health products on the market.
With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with
a different family each week. In tonight's Easter special they come to the aid of
a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the
family's long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.
24.What do we know about Susanna Reid ？
A.She enjoys embarrassing her guests.
B.She has started a new programme. Word 范文
.
C.She dislikes working early in the morning.
D.She has had a tight
budget for
her family.
25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna
A.He buys cooking materials for her.
B.He prepares food for her kids.
C.He assists her in cooking matters.
D.He invites guest families for
her.
26.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4 ？
A.Summarize the previous paragraphs.
B.Provide some advice for the
readers.
C.Add some background information. D: Introduce a new topic for
discussion.
27. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Keeping Fit by Eating Smart
B.Balancing Our Daily Diet
C.Making Yourself a Perfect Chef
D.Cooking Well for Less
C
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent
times
there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated
by hunter-gatherers ， small ， tightly knit( 联系 )groups developed their
own patterns
of speech independent of each other. Somelanguage experts believe that 10,000 years
ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they
spoke perhaps 12, 000
languages between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become
farmers,
and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries,
trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of
universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications
in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear,
and dominant languages such as
English ， Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking
over.
At present, the world has about 6, 800 languages. The distribution of these
languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few
languages, often spoken by many people, while hot wet zones have lots, often spoken
by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1, 000;
Africa 2, 400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea
Word 范文
.
alone accounts for well over 800.The median number( 中位数 ) of speakers is mere 6,000,
which that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6, 800 languages are close to extinction
( 消亡 ), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon
（eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United
States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of
these seems to have much chance of survival.
28. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?
A.They developed very fast
B.They were large in number
C.They had similar patterns
D.They were closely connected
29. Which of the following best explains "dominant" underlined in
paragraph 2？
https://www.doczj.com/doc/da14560901.html,plex
B.Advanced
C.Powerful.
D.Modern
30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present ？
A.About 6,800
B.About 3,400
C.About 2,400
D.About 1,200
31. What is the main idea of the text ？
A.New languages will be created.
B.People's lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C.Human development results in fewer languages.
D.Geography determines language evolution.
D
We may think we ’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old
devices ( 装置 )well after they go out of style.
That ’s bad news for the environment-
and our wallets - as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer
ones that do the same things.
To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her
colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the
environmental costs for each product throughout its life - from when its minerals
are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how
home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s.Devices were grouped by
generation.
Desktop computers ， basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital
cameras arrived on the scene in 1997.And WP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002 ， before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.
Word 范文
.
As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn't throw out our old ones. "The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids ’room, and suddenly one day ，you have a TV in every room of the house, ”said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007.
We’re not just keeping these old devices - We continue to use them. According to
the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray
tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to
greenhouse gas emissions ( 排放 ) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.
So what' s the solution( 解决方案 )? The team' s data only went up to2007 ， but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products
with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word
processing and TV viewing. They found that m ore on-demand entertainment viewing on
tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.
32. What does the author think of new devices?
A.They are environment-friendly.
B.They are no better than the old.
C.They cost more to use at home.
D.They go out of style quickly.
33.W hy did Babbitt's team conduct the
research? A.To reduce the cost of
minerals.
B.To test the life cycle of a product.
C.To update consumers on new technology.
D.To find out electricity consumption of the devices.
34.W hich of the following uses the least energy?
A.The box-set TV.
B.The tablet.
C.The LCD TV.
D.The
desktop computer.
35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic
devices? A.Stop using them B.Take them apart C.Upgrade them.
D.Recycle them.
第二节( 共 5 小题：每小题2 分, 满分 10 分)
根据短文内容 , 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Color is fundamental in home design-something you’ll
always have in every room.
A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces in one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in. Do you want a room that's full of life? Professional ?
Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 36 ___, color is the
key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel
Word 范文
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Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help
designers approach this important point. 37 ， they c an get a little complex.
But
good news is that there ’re really only three kinds of decisions you
need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones,
and the large ones.
___38__ ， They‘re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color
choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.
Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner
tables or bookshelves. 39 .They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors.
Whether you're looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense
put into it are significant. 40__ .
A. While all of them are useful
B. Whatever you're looking for
C. If you're experimenting with a color
D. Small color choices are the ones we ’re most familiar
with E. it's not really a good idea to use too many small
color pieces
F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small
ones in two major ways
第二部分、语言知识运用（共两节，满分45 分）
第一节完形填空( 共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和 D 四个选项中 , 选出可以填入空白处的最佳
选项。
During my second year at the city college,I was told that the education department was offering a “free ”course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits.
I 41 the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn ’t want to 42 a few
dollars? More than that, I ’d always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I
weren’t 43 enough about free credits, news about our 44 was appealing enough to
Word 范文
.
me. He was an international grand master, which 45 I would be learning from one
of the game ’s 46 I could hardly wait
to 47 him.
Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to
teach, and this 48 was no game for him ; he meant business. In his introduction, he made
it 49 that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to 50 the class among
other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class
to our futur e professions and 52 .to our lives . I managed to get an A
in that 53 and leaned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 54 .
Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I' m still putting
to use what
he 55 me ： “the absolute most
important
56 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good 57 . On every single move you have to 58 a situation, process what your opponent ( 对手 ) is doing and 59 the best move from among all your
options. ”These
words still ring true today in my 60 as a journalist. 41.A.put forward B.jumped at C.tried out D.turned down
42.A.waste
B.earn
C.save
D.pay
43.A.excited B.worrie d C.moved D.tire
d 44.A.ti tl
e https://www.doczj.com/doc/da14560901.html,petito r C.textboo k D.instruct or 45.A.urged
B.demanded
C.held
D.meant
46.A.fastest B.easies
t C.best D.rarest 47.A.intervie w B.meet C.challenge D.beat
48.A.chance B.qualificat
ion C.honor D.job 49.A.real B.perfect C.clear D.possible
50.A.attend
B.pass
C.ski
p D.observe
51.A.add B.expose C.apply https://www.doczj.com/doc/da14560901.html,pare
52.A.eventual ly B.natural ly C.direct ly D.normally
53.A.game B.presentation C.cours
e D.experiment 54.A.criterio n B.classroom C.department D.situation 55.A.taught B.wrote C.questioned D.promised
56.A.fact
B.step
C.manner
D.skill
57.A.grades B.decision
s
C.impression
s https://www.doczj.com/doc/da14560901.html,ments
58.A.analyze B.describ
e
C.rebuil
d D.control
59.A.announce B.signal C.block D.evaluate
60.A.role B.desire C.concern D.behavior
. 第二节、语法填空(共 10小题 ;每小题
1.5 分, 满分 15 分)
Word 范文
.
阅读下面短文 , 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three
years __61__(long) than non-runners, You don't have to run fast or for long _62__(see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of _63__(die) early by running.
While running regularly can ’tmake you live forever ， the review says
it _64___(be)more effective at lengthening life _65__ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014__66___showed a mere five to 10 minute a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all __67___（ cause ） .
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise...it's
probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to ___68__(strength) your leg muscles ( 肌肉 ), avoid hills and get
good running shoes. Running is cheap , easy and it's always_69___(energy). If you are time poor , you
need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we
should all give____70_ a
try. 第三部分书面表达（共两节，满
分
35 分） . 第一节 短文改错 ( 共 10 小题;每小题 1分,满分 10 分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文， 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。 文中
共有 10 处语言错误 , 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加 : 在缺词处加一个漏字符号 ( ∧), 并在其下面写出该加
的词。删除 : 把多余的词用斜 线（ ）划掉。修改 : 在错的词下划一横线 , 并在该词下面写出修
改后的词。注意 :1 每处错误
及其修改均仅限一词； 2 只允许修改 10 处 , 多者 ( 从第 11 处起 ) 不计分。
During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit
my grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were
living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I
went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also
had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned
quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the
end of our trip ， I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but
he agreed.
第二节书面表达 ( 满分 25 分)
Word 范文
假定你是李华, 你的新西兰朋友Terry 将去中国朋友家做客, 发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件 , 内容包括：
1.到达时间
2.合适的礼物
3.餐桌礼仪
注意 :1 词数 100 左右；
2 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
.
温馨提醒各位高考考生：网上核对答案估分应以正规官方教育部网站发布的答案为标准！
2018 年高考英语全国卷（一）试题与参考答案
（说明；此答案仅供参考）
第一部分、听力（略）
第二部分、阅读理解（共两节，每小题 2 分，满分40 分）：
第一节（满分 30 分）： A 篇： ADD.； B 篇： BCCD； C篇： BCBC； D 篇： ADBA 第二节（满分 10 分）： BADGF
第三部分、语言知识运用（共两节，满分45 分）
第一节、完形填空（每小题 1.5 分，满分30 分）： BCADD； CBDCB； CACBA； DBADA Word 范文
第二节、语法填空：（每小题 1.5 分分，满分 15 分） 61.longer; 62.to see; 63.dying; 64.is; 65.than;
66.that/which;
67.causes;
68.strengthen;
69.energetic;
70.it/running
第四部分、作文（满分 35 分）
第一节、短文改错（每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）： 1. 在 countryside 前加 the ； 2.find 改为 found ； 3.another 改
为 other ；4 把
again 前的 .here 改为 there ；5.chicken 改为 chickens; 6. 在 which 前加 in
或把 which
改为 where ； 7. sell 改为 selling ； 8.happily
改为 happy 9.but 改为
and .
第二节、书面表达（满分 25 分）。 【参考范文】
Dear Terry,
How are you doing? In your last letter, you asked me about being a guest to a
Chinese friend ’s home. Now, I am writing to inform you of some relevant
details.
To begin with, according to our tradition, you are supposed to arrive
early, so tha t you can help the famil y prepare the dinner, which is meaningful and interesting. Besides , you ’d better bring some gifts, like a book or a Chinese knot. What ’s more, when you are enjoying the meal, you need to avoid making noises while chewing food.
Hopefully, these suggestions would be helpful for you. I have the confidence that you will have a great time.
Best wishes!
Yours, Li Hua 欢迎您的光临 ，w or d 文档 下载后可以修改编辑 。双击 可以删 除页眉脚。谢！
单纯的课本内容，并不 能满足学生的 需要，通过补充，达到内容 的完善
Word 范文
2018年全国普通高等学校统一考试 英语试题 （本试卷共12页。时间：120分钟总分：150分） 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡ 19. 15 B. ￡ 9. 18 C. ￡ 9. 15 答案是C。 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What does John find difficult in learning German? A. Pronunciation. B. V ocabulary. C. Grammar. 2.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 3.Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a bank. B. At a ticket office. C. On a train. 4.What are the speakers talking about? A. A restaurant. B. A street. C. A dish. 5.What does the woman think of her interview? A. It was tough. B. It was interesting. C. It was successful. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语 （考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）（略） 第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Summer Activities Students should read the list with their parents/careers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalised, parents/careers will be asked to sign to confirm their child’s choices. 1 / 18
2 / 18
21.Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping? A.OUT. B.WBP. C.CRF. D.POT. 22.What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson? A. Travel to London. B. See a parade and fireworks. C. Tour central Paris. D. Visit the WWI battlefields. 23.How long does Potty about Potter last? A. Two days. B. Four days. C. Five days. D. One week. B Many of us love July because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels form British Columbia’s fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection. Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have 3 / 18
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷2） 理科数学 一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。1． 12i 12i + = - A． 43 i 55 --B． 43 i 55 -+C． 34 i 55 --D． 34 i 55 -+ 2．已知集合() {} 223 A x y x y x y =+∈∈ Z Z ，≤，，，则A中元素的个数为 A．9 B．8 C．5 D．4 3．函数()2 e e x x f x x - - =的图像大致为 4．已知向量a，b满足||1 = a，1 ?=- a b，则(2) ?-= a a b A．4 B．3 C．2 D．0 5．双曲线 22 22 1(0,0) x y a b a b -=>>3 A．2 y x =B．3 y x =C． 2 y=D． 3 y= 6．在ABC △中， 5 cos 2 C 1 BC=，5 AC=，则AB= A．2B30C29 D．25 7．为计算 11111 1 23499100 S=-+-++- …，设计了右侧的程序框图，则在空白 框中应填入 A．1 i i=+ B．2 i i=+ C．3 i i=+ D．4 i i=+ 8．我国数学家陈景润在哥德巴赫猜想的研究中取得了世界领先的成果．哥德巴赫猜想是“每个大于2的偶数可以表示为两个素数的和”，如30723 =+．在不超过30的素数中，随机选取两个不同的数，其和等于30的概率是 开始 0,0 N T == S N T =- S 输出 1 i= 100 i< 1 N N i =+ 1 1 T T i =+ + 结束 是否
〖解密〗2018年高考英语全国III卷真题解析 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A
Welcome to Holker Hall & Gardens Visitor Information How to Get to Holker By Car: Follow brown signs on A590 from J36, M6. Approximate travel times: Windermere — 20 minutes, Kendal — 25 minutes, Lancaster — 45 minutes, Manchester — 1 hour 30 minutes. By Rail: The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports. Opening Times Sunday —Friday (closed on Saturday) 11:00am —4:00pm, 30th March —2nd November. Admission Charges Hall & Gardens Gardens Adults: ￡12.00 ￡8.00 Groups: ￡9.00 ￡5.50 Special Events Producers’ Market13th April Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas. Holker Garden Festival 30th May The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening. National Garden Day 28th August
绝密★启用前 2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1. What will James do tomorrow? A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report. 2. What can we say about the woman? A. She’s generous. B. She’s curious. C. She’s helpful. 3. When does the train leave? A. At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30. 4. How does the woman go to work? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 英语试题第1页（共14页）
2018年高考全国卷Ⅱ理综试题 1．下列关于人体中蛋白质功能的叙述，错误的是 A．浆细胞产生的抗体可结合相应的病毒抗原 B．肌细胞中的某些蛋白质参与肌肉收缩的过程 C．蛋白质结合Mg2+形成的血红蛋白参与O2运输 D．细胞核中某些蛋白质是染色体的重要组成成分 2．下列有关物质跨膜运输的叙述，正确的是 A B C D 3 A B C D 4 A B C D 5 A B．T2 C．HIV D 6．在致癌因子的作用下，正常动物细胞可转变为癌细胞，有关癌细胞特点的叙述错误的是A．细胞中可能发生单一基因突变，细胞间黏着性增加 B．细胞中可能发生多个基因突变，细胞的形态发生变化 C．细胞中的染色体可能受到损伤，细胞的增殖失去控制 D．细胞中遗传物质可能受到损伤，细胞表面的糖蛋白减少 7．化学与生活密切相关。下列说法错误的是 A．碳酸钠可用于去除餐具的油污 B．漂白粉可用于生活用水的消毒
C．氢氧化铝可用于中和过多胃酸 D．碳酸钡可用于胃肠X射线造影检查 8．研究表明，氮氧化物和二氧化硫在形成雾霾时与大气中的氨有关（如下图所示）。下列叙述错误的是A．雾和霾的分散剂相同 B．雾霾中含有硝酸铵和硫酸铵 C．NH3是形成无机颗粒物的催化剂 D．雾霾的形成与过度施用氮肥有关 9．实验室中用如图所示的装置进行甲烷与氯气在光照下反应的实验。 光照下反应一段时间后，下列装置示意图中能正确反映实验现象的是 10．W、X、Y 序数的3 A．X B．Y C D．W 11．N A A B C D 12 A B C? D? 13
二、选择题：本题共8小题，每小题6分，共48分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，第14~18题只有一项符合题目要求， 第19~21题有多项符合题目要求。全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错的得0分。 14．如图，某同学用绳子拉动木箱，使它从静止开始沿粗糙水平路面运动至具有某一速度，木箱获得的动能一定 A ．小于拉力所做的功 B ．等于拉力所做的功 C ．等于克服摩擦力所做的功 D ．大于克服摩擦力所做的功 15．高空坠物极易对行人造成伤害。若一个50g 的鸡蛋从一居民楼的25层坠下，与地面的撞击时间约为2ms ， A ．16．2018年，假设 A ．5?C ．5?17．用波长为10-34 J·s， A ．1?18．i 随时间t 19．t 2时 A B ．t 1C D ．乙车的加速度大小先减小后增大 20．如图，纸面内有两条互相垂直的长直绝缘导线L 1、L 2，L 1中的电流方向向左，L 2中的电流方向向上；L 1的正上方有a 、 b 两点，它们相对于L 2对称。整个系统处于匀强外磁场中，外磁场的磁感应强度大小为B 0，方向垂直于纸面向外。 已知a 、b 两点的磁感应强度大小分别为 013B 和01 2B ，方向也垂直于纸面向外。则 A ．流经L 1的电流在b 点产生的磁感应强度大小为07 12B B ．流经L 1的电流在a 点产生的磁感应强度大小为0112B C ．流经L 2的电流在b 点产生的磁感应强度大小为0112B D ．流经L 2的电流在a 点产生的磁感应强度大小为0712 B
2018年高考理综真题及答案(全国卷) 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。学·科网 可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 Li 7 C 12 N 14 O 16 Na 23 S 32 Cl 35.5 Ar 40 Fe 56 I 127 一、选择题：本题共13个小题，每小题6分。在每小题给出的四个 选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。 1．生物膜的结构与功能存在密切的联系。下列有关叙述错误的是A．叶绿体的类囊体膜上存在催化ATP合成的酶 B．溶酶体膜破裂后释放出的酶会造成细胞结构的破坏 C．细胞的核膜是双层膜结构，核孔是物质进出细胞核的通道D．线粒体DNA位于线粒体外膜上，编码参与呼吸作用的酶2．生物体内的DNA常与蛋白质结合，以DNA—蛋白质复合物的形式存在。下列相关叙述错误的是 A．真核细胞染色体和染色质中都存在DNA—蛋白质复合物B．真核细胞的核中有DNA—蛋白质复合物，而原核细胞的拟核
中没有 C．若复合物中的某蛋白参与DNA复制，则该蛋白可能是DNA 聚合酶 D．若复合物中正在进行RNA的合成，则该复合物中含有RNA 聚合酶 3．下列有关植物根系吸收利用营养元素的叙述，错误的是 A．在酸性土壤中，小麦可吸收利用土壤中的N2和NO-3 B．农田适时松土有利于农作物根细胞对矿质元素的吸收 C．土壤微生物降解植物秸秆产生的无机离子可被根系吸收D．给玉米施肥过多时，会因根系水分外流引起“烧苗”现象4．已知药物X对细胞增值有促进作用，药物D可抑制药物X的作用。 某同学将同一瓶小鼠皮肤细胞平均分为甲、乙、丙三组，分别置于培养液中培养，培养过程中进行不同的处理（其中甲组未加药物），每隔一段时间测定各组细胞数，结果如图所示。据图分析，下列相关叙述不合理的是 A．乙组加入了药物X后再进行培养 B．丙组先加入药物X，培养一段时间后加入药物D，继续培养C．乙组先加入药物D，培养一段时间后加入药物X，继续培养D．若药物X为蛋白质，则药物D可能改变了药物X的空间结构
2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语Ⅲ卷 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40 分） 第一节（共15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分30 分） A Welcome to Holker Hall & Garden Visitor Information How to Get to Holker By car: Follow brown signs on A590 from. J36, M6. Approximate travel times: Windermere--20 minutes, Kendal--25 minutes, Lancaster-- 45 minutes, Manchester-- l hour 30minutes By rail: the nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth. Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports. Opening times Sunday-Friday（closed on Saturday） 11:00 am-4;00pm, 30 March-2nd November. Admission Charges Hall & Gardens Gardens Adults: ￡12.00 ￡8.00 Gropes: ￡9.00 Special Events Producers Market 13th April Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas. Holker Garden Festival 30th May The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in the gardening. National Garden Day 28th August Holker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide. Winter Market 8th November This is an event for all the family! Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment. 21. How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester? A. 20 minutes. B. 25 minutes. C.45 minutes. D. 90 minutes. 22. How much should a member of a tour group pay a visit to Hall & Gardens? A. ￡12.00. B. 9￡.00. C. ￡8.00 D. ￡5.50 23. Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show? A. Producers Market. B. Holker Garden Festival C. National Garden Day. D. Winter Market B Cities, usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped
2018年高考全国卷1语文试题及答案 1 2 3 35 39 1~3题。 这一过程至今仍没有终结。 诸子之学的内在品格是历史的承继性以及思想的创造性和突破 体展开为世界文化的建构与发展过程。中国思想传统与西方思想传统 为其重要前提 了新的内涵与新的形态。 无助于思想的创 https://www.doczj.com/doc/da14560901.html,应地内含“照着讲”。“新子学”应追求“照着讲”与“接着讲”的统 一。 13 A
当代思想癿组成部分。 B 上思想家癿思想内涵。 C 下形成创造性癿思想。 D 既有思想演进癿过程。 23 A 子之学癿差异。 B 癿关系进行论证。 C 癿必要和可能。 D 实癿顺序推进癿。 33 A 上是互相隔膜癿。 B 国和世界文化癿建构。 C 劣亍促进新思想生成。 D 逐渐过渡到“接着讱”。 315 4~6题。 赵一曵女士阿成 他人的风度。 赵一曼女士率领的抗联活动在 寒……战士们哟”……这些都给躺在病床上的赵一曼女士留下清晰回忆。 赵一曼女士喜 丁香花现在已经成为这座城市的“市花”了。 对赵一曼女士进行了严刑拷 很没面子。
可能澄清中共与苏联的关系。 1936 《滨江省警务厅关于赵一曼的情况》扼要地介绍了赵一曼女士从 市立医院逃走和被害的情况。 赵一曼女士是在6月28 点了一颗烟。 道上山。 20天时间。 幼年丧母、恋 情的、甜蜜的。 韩护士真诚地 20 一曼、韩勇义、董 赵一曼女士淡淡的笑了。 赵一曼女士是在珠河县被日本宪兵枪杀的。 一 些松树。 前夕了。
!赶快 地下的母亲!我最亲爱的孩子啊!母亲不用千言万 的! 一九三六年八月二日 4 3A 引起了读者癿注意。 B 到有价值癿回答。 C 曵仍活在人们癿记忆里。 D 了赵一曵癿英雄本色。 5 6 6 6 312 79题。 科学实验卫星提前并圆 引领世界量子通信研究奠定了坚实的基础。通信安全是国家信息安全和人类经济社会生活的基本需求。千百 突破经典信息技术的瓶颈。” 量子通信主要研究内容包括量子密钥分发和量子隐形传态。量于 2017年8月10
英语 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(功5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5短对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.what does john find difficult in learning German? A.Pronunciation B.Vocabulay C.Grammar 2.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Colleagues B.Brother and sister C.Teather and student 3.Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a bank B. At a ticket coffee C. On the train 4. What are the speakers talking about? A.A restaurant B.A street C.A dish 5. How does this woman think of her interview? A.It was tough B. It was interesting C It was Successful 第二节(功15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5短对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话或独白后，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.When will Judy go to the party? A.On Monday B.On Tuesday C.On Wednesday 7.What will Max do next? A. Fly a kite B. Read a magazine C. Do his homework 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 语文 （河南、河北、山西、江西、湖北、湖南、广东、安徽、福建使用） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和座位号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、现代文阅读（35分） （一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分） 阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。 诸子之学，兴起于先秦，当时一大批富有创见的思想家喷涌而出，蔚为思想史之奇观。在狭义上，诸子之学与先秦时代相联系；在广义上，诸子之学则不限于先秦而绵延于此后中国思想发展的整个过程，这一过程至今仍没有终结。 诸子之学的内在品格是历史的承继性以及思想的创造性和突破性。“新子学”，即新时代的诸子之学，也应有同样的品格。这可以从“照着讲”和“接着讲”两个方面来理解。一般而言，“照着讲”主要是从历史角度对以往经典作具体的实证性研究，诸如训诂、校勘、文献编纂，等等。这方面的研究涉及对以往思想的回顾、反思，既应把握历史上的思想家实际说了些什么，也应总结其中具有创造性和生命力的内容，从而为今天的思考提供重要的思想资源。 与“照着讲”相关的是“接着讲”，从思想的发展与诸子之学的关联看，“接着讲”接近诸子之学所具有的思想突破性的内在品格，它意味着延续诸子注重思想创造的传统，以近代以来中西思想的互动为背景，“接着讲”无法回避中西思想之间的关系。在中西之学已相遇的背景下，“接着讲”同时展开为中西之学的交融，从更深的层次看，这种交融具体展开为世界文化的建构与发展过程。中国思想传统与西方思想传统都构成了世界文化的重要资源，而世界文化的发展，则以二者的互动为其重要前提。这一意义上的“新子学”，同时表现为世界文化发展过程中创造性的思想系统。相对于传统的诸子之学，“新子学”无疑获得了新的内涵与新的形态。
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国II卷) 英语答案（详细解析版） 第一部分听力（略） 第二部分阅读理解 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Summer Activities Students should read the list with their parents/careers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalised, parents/careers will be asked to sign to confirm their child’s choices.
21. Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping? A. OUT. B. WBP. C. CRF. D. POT. 22. What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson? A. Travel to London. B. See a parade and fireworks. C. Tour central Paris. D. Visit the WWI battlefields. 23. How long does Potty about Potter last? A. Two days. B. Four days. C. Five days. D. One week. 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. A 【解析】本文是一篇广告布告类说明文。文中讲述了家长和孩子一起挑选可以参加的活动。文中分别对这些活动的名称，活动内容，活动特色和活动组织工作人员还有活动的价格进行了详细的描述。 21. 细节理解题。根据题干中的go camping，我们可以迅速浏览到第一个活动当中的wild camping (野外露营)这个关键信息。故选A。
英语试卷 第1页（共22页） 英语试卷 第2页（共22页） 绝密★启用前 2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英 语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt ？ A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C . 1. What will James do tomorrow ？ A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report. 2. What can we say about the woman ？ A. She’s generous. B. She’s curious. C. She’s helpful. 3. When does the train leave ？ A. At 6：30. B. At 8：30. C. At 10：30. 4. How does the woman go to work ？ A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers ？ A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman regret ？ A. Giving up her research. B. Dropping out of college. C. Changing her major. 7. What is the woman interested in studying now ？ A. Ecology. B. Education. C. Chemistry. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the man ？ A. A hotel manager. B. A tour guide. C. A taxi driver. 9. What is the man doing for the woman ？ A. Looking for some local foods. B. Showing her around the seaside. C. Offering information about a hotel. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where does the conversation probably take place ？ A. In an office. B. At home. C. At a restaurant. 11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening ？ A. Go to a concert. B. Visit a friend. C. Work extra hours. 12. Who is Alice going to call ？ A. Mike. B. Joan. C. Catherine. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why does the woman meet the man ？ A. To look at an apartment. B. To deliver some furniture. C. To have a meal together. ------------在 --------------------- 此--------------------- 卷--------------------- 上--------------------- 答--------------------- 题--------------------- 无-------------------- 效------------ ---- 姓名________________ 准考证号_____________
〖解密〗2018年高考英语全国II卷真题解析 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Summer Activities Students should read the list with their parents / carers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are
21. Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping? A. OUT. B. WBP. C. CRF. D. POT. 22. What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson? A. Travel to London. B. See a parade and fireworks. C. Tour central Paris. D. Visit the WWI battlefields. 23. How long does Potty about Potter last? A. Two days. B. Four days. C. Five days. D. One week. 1. 基督教堂学院（Christchurch）是牛津大学最大学院。基督教堂学院享有不称为College 的特权，在牛津它通常被称为“The House”。基督教堂学院与英国政治渊源很深，曾在 内战时作为查理一世的临时首都，在近200年内产生了16位英国首相。这里也是电影《哈 利﹒波特》的重要取景地。 2. 查韦尔河（River Cherwell）是泰晤士河（River Thames）位于英格兰中部的主要支流， 全长40英里，流经牛津大学城，最终在牛津西南方汇入泰晤士河。
英语 2018年高三试卷 英语 阅读理解（本大题共小题，每小题____分，共____分。） 第一节(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 A Washington, D. C Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. Duration:3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington，D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability-and the cherry blossoms-disappear！ Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hours(4 miles) Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D. C Duration: 3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线)make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
绝密★启用前 2018年全国普通高等学校统一考试（全国2卷）
英语试题 第二部阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Summer Activities Students should read the list with their parents/carers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalised, parents/ carers will be asked to sign to confirm their children’s choices.
21. Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping? A. OUT. B. WBP. C. CRF. D.POT. 22. What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson? A. Travel to London B. see a parade and fireworks. C. Tour central Paris. D. Visit the WWI battlefields. 23. How long does Potty about Potter last? A. Two days. B. Four days C. Five days D. One week. B Many of us love July because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colorful and sweet jewels from British Columbia’s fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection. Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein(蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into Vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries(樱桃), they are so delicious who care? However, they are rich in Vitamin C. When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruits shakes and low fat “ice cream”. For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.