1. Budget —预算an account of probable future income and expenditure during a stated, period, usu. a year used as a guide in making financial arrangements.
2. Return —回报the gain from an investment, either as income or yield or as profit on the sale of the investment.
3. Portfolio —证券投资组合the entire collection of investments in the form of stocks, bonds, or certificate of deposits for purposes other than controlling
4. Royalty —专利税money paid to the owner of a copyright for permission to publish copyright material and to the owner of a patent for permission to use a patented design, usu. at a greed percentage of the selling price of the product.
5. Patent —专利权a special right to an inventor to be the only person to make and sell, or to authorize others to make and sell a newly-invented machine or process.
6. Non-tariff barrier —非贸易壁垒all forms of man-made obstructions to international trade other than tariffs, including prohibitions and quotas, etc.
7. Franchise —经销权an arrangement by which a monopoly producer or owner gives another permission for the exclusive right to manufacture or sell the products in
a certain area.
8.Purchasing power —购买力of persons, the public, having the money to buy goods and services.
9. PPP —购买力平价purchasing power parity
10. tariff —关税tax levied by the customs
11.barriers to trade —贸易壁垒any action by a government to limit or prevent the free flow of goods in and out of its country.
12.primary commodities —初级产品those commodities not processed, or only slightly processed, usually farm produce or raw materials
13.drawback —退税duties paid on imported goods that are refunded when
re-exported
14.specific duties —从量税duties levied on the basis of quantity, weight, size etc. of the goods
15.ad valorem duties —从价税duties levied on the basis of the price of the goods
16.carriage —运费the price or cost of transportation
17.voluntary offer —主动发盘an offer made on the initiative of the offerer
18.contracting parties —缔约方signatories of an agreement
19.force majeure —[不可抗力] social or natural calamities that take place beyond the control of a contracting party
20.firm offer —持盘an offer whose terms and conditions are binding on the offer
21.offeree —受要约人the party to whom an offer is made
22.hyperinflation —极度通货膨胀soaring of prices beyond control
23.inflation —通货膨胀rise in prices brought about by the excess demand, expansion of money supply, credit etc.
24.protectionism —贸易保护主义the theory of the system of developing home countries through duties and other means imposed on competitive imports
25.bilateral —双边的of two sides
26.bundling—捆绑式销售the exchange of goods or services are tied together
27.creditors —债权人a person to whom one owns money
28.debtor —债务人a person who owes money
29.default —违约fail to carry out an obligation
30.draft —汇票an unconditional order to someone to pay a sum of money
31.remittance —汇款the sending of money or the money sent
32.drawe r —出票人the person who issues a draft, usually the exporter
33.drawee—受票人the person to whom a draft is drawn
34.credit-worthiness—资信being believed or accepted by others as reliable in making payment
35.applicant of an L/C —出口信用证the importer that goes to a bank for the establishment of an L/C
36.beneficiary —受益人the company that can make use of an L/C to get paid for its export
37.confirming bank —保兑行the bank that adds its own commitment to an L/C
38.reimburse—退款pay back to somebody for the expenses he has spent
39.clean credit —光票信用证a credit that does not require shipping documents for payment
40.sight credit —即期信用证a credit by which payment can be made upon presentation of the draft
41.middleman—中间商trader through whom goods pass between the producer and the consumer
42.consignee—收货人the party in the bill of lading to whom the goods are shipped
43.shipping marks —唛头what is printed on the outer packing of goods as symbol for identification in the course of transportation
44.insurance policy —保险单a document used for covering possible risks
45.title —抬头right to the possession of a position or property
46.insured—被保险人a person covered by an insurance policy
47.premium—保险费the amount paid by an insured for coverage under the contract
48.potential loss—潜在损失loss which is possible to incur
49.claim—索赔a payment demanded in accordance with an insurance policy
50.margin —利润amount above what is estimated as necessary
51.underwriter —保险公司a person who carries on insurance as a business
52.invoice —发票a document for the general description of the goods and the price
https://www.doczj.com/doc/db16017176.html,pensation —赔偿金something given or received as an equivalent for loss
54.pooling —联营a combination of funds formed for common advantage
55.multi-modal transportation —多式联运transport that combines road, rail, sea and air
56.redeem —兑换to repay or pay off, esp. loan stock, debentures and preference shares or stock
57.settlement —结算the act of paying a bill, debt, charge, etc
58.exchange rate —汇率the price at which one currency can be exchanged for another currency
59.money circulation —货币流通money in the hands of the public and being used to pay for goods and services
60.devaluation —货币贬值the act of a government in reducing by law the exchange value of its currency in units of gold or as compared with other currencies
61.reserve —储备金money held aside to meet future demand
62.investment —投资the act of putting money to use in something offering profitable returns
63.quota —配额a limit placed by a government on the amount of imports or commodity
64.VER —自动出口限制an agreement by a country’s exporters or government to limit their exports or government to limit their exports to another country
65.intellectual property —知识产权certain non-tangible assets held, principally covering the areas of patent protection, registered trade marks and designs, and
copy-right
66.tax holiday —免税期a period of time during which tax is not levied
67.joint venture —合资企业a business where the provision of risk capital is shared between two or more firms
68.gilts —金边债券stocks issued by government
69.cost-effective —成本效益好producing optimum results for the expenditure
70.anti-dumping —反倾销one form of action which may be taken by a government to protect industries from unfair competition by which goods are sold at a price lower than in the country where they are manufactured
71.mandate —授权authority given to perform a duty
72.contracting party —缔约国a country or firm that signs a legal agreement
73.Visible trade有形贸易 : The form of commodity trade, i.e. exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale
in another. (including cash transaction-by means of money and market, and counter trade)
74.Invisible trade无形贸易 : The form of transportation, communication, banking, insurance, consulting, information etc. is called invisible trade or service industries.
75.FDI( foreign direct investments) is made of returns through controlling the enterprises or assets invested in a host country.
76.Portfolio investment证券投资 : Purchases of foreign financial assets for a purpose other than controlling.
77.Bonds债券: The papers issued by a government or a firm with promise to pay back the money lent or invested together with interest.
78.Licensing许可经营 : In licensing, a firm leases the right to use its intellectual property to a firm in another country. They choose licensing because they do not have to make cash payments to stat business, and can simply receive income in the form of royalty.
79.Franchising特许经营 : a firm called the franchisee, is allowed to operate in the name of another, called the franchiser who provides the former with trademarks, brand names, logos, and operating techniques for royalty.
80.Franchiser特许方 : A firm who provides the franchisee with trademarks, brand names, logos and operating techniques for royalty.
81.Franchisee被特许方 : A firm is allowed to operate in the name of another.
82.GNP国民生产总值 : Gross national Product. The market value of goods and services produced by the property and labor owned by the residents of an economy. 83.GDP国内生产总值 : Gross Domestic Product. The market value of all goods and services produced within the geographic area of an economy.
84.Per capita GDP人均国内生产总值 : It is calculated by dividing its total GDP by its population, which reveals the average income level of consumers.
85.Income distribution收入分布 : The proportions of its rich, middle income and poor people.
86.Free trade area自由贸易区 : The members remove barriers to trade among themselves while still adopts each own external policy
87.Customs union关税同盟 : The members remove barriers to trade among themselves and adopt the same external policy
https://www.doczj.com/doc/db16017176.html,mon market共同市场 : The members remove barriers not only to trade but also to factors of production and adopt the same external policy.
89.Economic Union (EU)经济同盟 : The members remove barriers not only to trade but also to factors of production, adopt the same external policy and harmonize their taxation, government expenditure, industry policies and use the same currency.
90.Parent MNC headquarter跨国公司母公司，总部 is the original investing multinational corporation . It is also the international headquarters of the MNE .
91.Home county母国 : The country where the headquarter of the investor is located.
92.Host country东道国 : The host country is a foreign country where the investor operates.
93.Absolute advantage绝对利益 : It holds that a commodity will be produced in the country where it costs least in terms of resources (capital, land and labor)
https://www.doczj.com/doc/db16017176.html,parative advantage比较利益 : Even if a country is less efficient than another in the production of both commodities, there is still a basis for mutually beneficial trade.
1..International trade国际贸易 : The exchange of goods and services produced in one country with those produced in another sufficient.
2.Import duties进口关税 : Tariffs levied on goods entering an area
3.Export duties出口关税 : Taxes levied on goods leaving an area
4.Most-favored-nation (MFN) treatment最惠国待遇 : A tariff treatment under which
a country is required to extend to all signatories any tariff concessions granted to any participating country
5.Inquiry / enquiry询盘、询价 : It is made by the buyers to get information about the goods to be ordered such as quantity, specifications, prices, time of shipment and other terms.
6.Quotation报盘 : Estimate of how much something will cost
7.Counter offer还盘: New offer made by the original offeree to the original offerer
8.inflation : Rise in prices brought about by the excess demand, expansion of money supply, credit etc
9.Barter易货贸易: The direct exchange of goods and services, which is completed in
a short period of time.
10.Counter purchase反向购买、互购贸易: The assumption by an exporter of a transferable obligation through separate but linked contract to accept as full or partial payment goods and services from the importer or importing country.
11.Buyback回购贸易: An agreement by an exporter of plant and equipment to take back in the future part of the output produced by these goods as full or partial payment.
12.Remittance 汇付: This method is always employed by the parties who are familiar with and trust each other
13.Documentary draft跟单汇票: The draft is accompanied by the relevant documents.
14.Documentary collection跟单托收: It is means of ensuring that the goods are only handed over to the buyer when the amount shown on a bill of exchange is paid or when the customer accepts the bill as a contract to pay by a specified date.
15.Sight draft即期汇票: The draft calls for immediate payment on presentation to the drawee.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/db16017176.html,ance draft远期汇票 Term draft = Tenor draft: The draft is payable at a later date on presentation to the drawee.
17.Draft汇票:= Bill of exchange . It is an unconditional order to a bank or a customer to pay a sum of money to someone on demand or at a fixed time in the future.
18.bill of exchange —汇票written order drawn by the beneficiary on the bank for the purpose of payment
19.Applicant (Opener or Principal)申请人: The person who instructs his bank to issue an L/C. (the importer)
20.applicant of an L/C :The importer that goes to a bank for the establishment of an
L/C
21.Opening bank (Issuing bank, Establishing bank)开证行: The bank that issues the credit.
22.Opening bank: the bank that issues the letter of credit is called the opening bank .
23.Beneficiary受益人 :The exporter in whose favor the credit is opened
24.Correspondent band往来行、关系行 :The bank in the exporter’s country, which the opening bank sends the credit to it
25.Advising bank通知行: The bank in the exporter’s country, which advises the exporter the L/C, is received.
26.Confirming bank保兑行: The bank adds its confirmation to the credit.
27.Paying bank付款行: The bank accepts or negotiates the bill of exchange.
28.Negotiating bank议付行: The bank buys the exporter’s draft submitted to it under
a credit.
29.The documentary credit跟单信用证: The credits that require shipping documents to be presented together with the draft.
30.Revocable credit可撤消信用证: The credits can be altered or even canceled without consulting with the beneficiary.
31.Irrevocable credit不可撤消信用证 : The credit that can not be amended or revoked without the consent of al the parties concerned.
32.Confirmed credit保兑信用证: The credit is confirmed by a bank other than the issuing bank
33.Unconfirmed credit不保兑信用：The credit isn’t confirmed by another bank
34.Sight credit即期信用证: The credit by which payment can be made upon presentation of the draft
https://www.doczj.com/doc/db16017176.html,ance credit (Term credit, Time credit)远期信用证: The credit by which payment cannot be made until a specific date or a specific time after the date of after sight.
36.Transferable credit可转让信用证: The credit can be transferred by the original beneficiary to one or more parties.
37.Non-transferable credit不可转让信用证: The credit can not be transferred.
38.Non-draft credit无汇票信用证: The credit that payment of to be made by presentation of the documents without the formality of drawing and presenting a draft.
39.Revolving credit循环信用证: The credit stipulated that its amount can be renewed or reinstated without specific amendment to the credit being made.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/db16017176.html,mercial invoice商业发票: The document is the general description of the quality and quantity of the goods and the unit and total price.
41.Legal holder合法持有人 is an owner of a property who is entitled to it by law
42.Packing list装箱单: The documents gives information such as the number, date, name and description of the goods, shipping marks, packing, number of packages, specific contents of each package and its net with and gross weight etc.
43.Straight bill of lading记名提单: It is made out so that only the named consignee is entitled to take delivery of the goods under the bill.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/db16017176.html,mon carrier公共承运人: It is privately or publicly owned companies committed to performing a movement service of the same quality for all shippers on an equal basis and without discrimination.
45.Contract carrier契约承运人: Individual contracts may be arranged between transportation users and carriers (the transportation company).
46.Insured被保险人，保户: The person who transfer risk.
47.Insurer承保人: The person or a company who assume risk (the insurance company, the underwriter).
48.Cargo insurance货物保险: It is an activity aimed at moving the burden of risk from the shoulders of the exports and importers, and placing it upon the shoulders of specialist risk-bearing underwriters.
49.Marine insurance海上保险: The insurance of ships and their cargoes.
50.Insurance保险: It is a social device in which a group of individuals transfer risk and provides for payment of losses from funds contributed by all members who transferred risk.
51.Direct quote / quotation（汇率）直接标价: A direct exchange rate is the price of a foreign currency in terms of the home currency. 1美元=6.8元外币为基准
52.Indirect quote / quotation（汇率）间接标价: An indirect exchange rate is the price of home currency in terms of a foreign currency.
53.Buying rate买入价: It refers to the rate by which a commercial bank buys a currency.
54.Selling rate卖出价: It is the rate by which a bank sells a currency.
55.Medial rate中间价 It is the average of the buying rate and the selling rate.
56.SDR特别提款权: Special Drawing Right. It is sometimes called paper gold and used to settle official transaction at the IMF.
57.Anti-dumping反倾销: to restrict the export expansion of other countries.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/db16017176.html, plan : 商业计划future actions to be taken by a company, concerning products, production, market, investment, etc.
59.collateral : property or an item of value acceptable as security for a loan or other obligation.
担保物：被接受作为抵押或其他义务担保的财产
60.stock exchange:证券交易市场a market where stocks and shares are bought and sold under fixed rules, but at prices determined by supply & demand.
61.retail :零售the sale of goods or commodities in small quantities directly to consumers.
62.tax deduction : an expense费用that a taxpayer is allowed to deduct from taxable income.
63.policy :保单the printed legal document stating the terms of insurance contract that is issued to the policyholder投保人by company.
64.public relations :公关PR, the activity of keeping good relationships between an organization and the people outside it.
65.depression : a period of drastic decline in a national or international economy, characterized by decreasing biz activity, falling prices, and unemployment. 萧条，不景气：国家（或国际）经济不景气的一段时期，其特征是商业活动减少、价格下降、失业
66.Trade deficit :贸易逆差imports minus exports of goods and services.
67.trade surplus:贸易顺差exports minus imports of goods and services.
68.Balance of trade 贸易支付差额the value of country’s exports minus the value of its imports.
69.trade sanction : use of a trade policy as a sanction, most commonly an embargo禁运imposed against a country for violating human rights.
70.trade reciprocity贸易互惠: the practice by which governments extend similar concessions 让步to each other, as when one gov’t lowers its t ariffs or other barriers impeding its imports in exchange for equivalent concession from a trading partner on barriers affecting its exports.
71.venture capital : Money made available for investment in innovative enterprises or research, especially in high technology, in which both the risk of loss and the potential for profit may be considerable. Also called risk capital
风险资本：投放在富革新精神的企业或研究的资金，尤指用于高科技，其中亏损的风险和赢利的潜力可能都会很大也作risk capital
72.start-up: a biz or undertaking事业that has recently begun operation.
73.balance sheet 资产负债表, 缩写B.S.: a financial statement that reports the assets and equities of a company at a particular time. 一个公司或机构在指定日期的资产、负债和所有者投资的列表说明
74.re-capitalization资本额的调整the act or process of changing the capital structure of a company.
75.stock market : a place where stocks, bonds, or other securities are bought and sold.
76.cash flow : The cash receipts or net income from one or more assets for a given period, reckoned after taxes and other disbursements, and often used as a measure of corporate worth.
现金流出量：在特定的一段时间内来自一项或数项财产，扣除税收和其它支付金额外所得的现金收入或净收入，常用来衡量公司的价值
https://www.doczj.com/doc/db16017176.html,bor-intensive : requiring or having a large expenditure of labor in comparison to capital.
78.market share : the proportion of total sales volumes of a certain market that a company captures.
79.intellectual capital : assets or capital in the form of knowledge patent or technology, etc.
80.publicly traded companies (PTC) : companies whose shares are traded in stock markets.
81.emerging markets 新兴市场: markets which are newly formed or have just come into prominence.
82.portfolio investment(有价)证券投资: investment in securities such as bonds and stocks with the aim to earn interest and dividends rather than participate in the management of companies.
83.stock turnover: 库存[商品]周转率the number of times a particular stock of goods is sold and restocked during a given period of time.
84.lead time订货至交货的时间：the period of time between the actual ordering of parts or equipment and the delivery of them.
85.dealerships ：A franchise to sell specified items in a certain area.商品代理权：在某一区域内出售某特定商品的特许权
86.economic recession : An extended decline in general business activity, typically three consecutive quarters of falling real gross national product.衰退：经济活动普遍而持续地衰败，尤指三个连续季度的社会总产品净值的下降
87.depression : A period of drastic decline in a national or international economy, characterized by decreasing business activity, falling prices, and unemployment.
88.liquidity squeeze流动性逃避: financial pressure caused by shortages of narrowing economic margins.
89.reverse merger(借壳上市) ：it is a special kind of acquisition that enables a private company to get publicly-listed in a relatively short time period. a reverse merger occurs when a private company that has strong prospects and is eager to raise financing buys a publicly-listed shell company(空壳公司)。
90..money market : The trade in short-term, low-risk securities, such as certificates of deposit and U.S. Treasury notes.短期资金市场：一种短期、低风险的证券经营买卖市场，如银行存单和美国短期公债。
91.bull market：a market, especially securities market, that is going up or expected to go up.
92.margin : The difference between the cost and the selling price of securities or commodities. 盈余：证券或商品的成本与销售价之间的差额
93.real estate : Land, including all the natural resources and permanent buildings on it.不动产：土地，包括土地上的所有自然资源和永久性建筑
94.hedge fund 对冲基金公司：an investment company that uses high-risk techniques, such as borrowing money and selling short, in an effort to make extraordinary capital gains.
95.sell short : To contract for the sale of securities or commodities one expects to own at a later date and at more advantageous terms.
卖空：订立合同出售自己在以后的某个时间才会拥有的证券或商品以便获得较有利的条款
96.Acceptance承兑An acceptance credit call for drafts to be drawn at a tenor for acceptance by the issuing bank or any drawee nawed in the credit.汇票承兑信用证要求汇票按规定在一定期限内由开证行或者其他在信用证上签名的收款人来检验。
97.collection托收entrust banks as intermediaries to collect the money for the goods 委托银行作中间人收取款项
98.Bill票据a statement of money owed for goods or services; demand payment
tax 税收charge against a citizen's person or property or activity for the support of government; levy a tax on
99.option期权the right to buy or sell property at an agreed price; the right is purchased and if it is not exercised by a stated date the money is forfeited在外汇交易中，以契约形式规定的在某一特定日期或在未来某一日期，按规定的价格买（看涨期权）或卖（看跌期权）特定数量的基础票据权利。
100.future期货A currency future,also FX future or foreign exchange future.is a futures contract to exchange one currency for another at specified date in the future at a price(exchange rate 买卖双方约定于未来某一特定日期，以约定价格买卖的约定数量的商品。
1.foreign exchange汇率,外汇price by one currency for other currency;means the system utilized in financing international payments.一个用于支付国际金融付款的
系统。
2.tax break减税，所得税宽减额a tax deduction that is granted in order to encourage
a particular type of commercial activity
3.monopoly垄断one seller but many buyers.
4.withholding tax代扣所得税are those imposed by governments on dividend interest and royalty payments to foreign investors.代扣所得税是政府向国外投资者的股息、利息和特许权使用费的收入征收的税。
5.value-added tax增值税this tax is typically levied on the value added at each stage of production每一个产品增加的价值or distribution
6.balance of payments 国际收支平衡accounts keep track of both its payments to and its receipts from other countries.
暑期学习阶段测试三 （基础知识与商务英语衔接卷） （总分：100分）得分：一、词汇（20） （1）按要求写词语 low（反义词）----- full（反义词）---- beautiful（比较级）------- fat（最高级）----- 304（英文）------ in the 1290s（中文）----- 第二十九（英文）------ 第五（英文）---- one to one（用数字表时间）----- Three quarters past twelve （用数字表时间）------ 10:11（英文表示时间）----- 在七月一日（英文）----- ten point 0 two（小数）----- a quarter（分数）------ (2)翻译下列短语或词语 take a message ----- place an order---- Russia ----- New Zealand------ Peru---- M oscow---- 二句子应用（2’*10=20） 中译英 1.这不是我的行李，是她的。
2.我会尽快让他知道这个消息。 3.弹钢琴对我来说是很容易的。（It's +adj. for sb. to do sth.） 4.越快越好。 5. 你知道他什么时候回来吗？ 英译中 6.Do I need a reservation for the dining car? 7. Which would you prefer, a smoking seat or a non-smoking seat? 8. May I see a timetable? 9 Could you tell me my reservation number, please? 10 Will this flight leave on time? 三英语应用及常识题（30’） 中英互译1 Water boils at one hundred degrees centigrade．
初级商务英语阅读理解试题 为了让大家更好的准备商务英语BEC考试，给大家整理了初级商务英语阅读理解试题,下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 初级商务英语阅读理解试题(1) A friend of mine was fond of drawing horse. He drew the horses very well,but he always began the tail. Now it is the Western rule to begin at the head of the horse, that is why I was surprised. It struck me that it could not really make any difference whether the artist begins at the head or the tail or the belly(肚子) or the foot of the horse, if he really knows his business. And most great artists who really kn ow their business do not follow other people’s rule.They make their own rules. Every one of them does his work in a way peculiar(奇特的) to himself; and the peculiarity means only that he finds it more easy to work in that way. Now the very same thing is true to literature(文学). And the question, "How shall I begin?" only means that you want to begin at the head instead of beginning at the tail or somewhere else. That is,
商务英语常用术语 airway bill/(A/B) 空运提单 abstract of title 产权说明书，产权证据摘要acceptance bank 承兑银行 acceptance credit 承兑信贷 accident insurance 意外险，事故保险 account paid 已付款，帐款已付 account payable 应付帐款 account sales(A/S) 承兑帐，寄信销售清单 account transfer memo 转帐通知单 accounting firm 会计事务所 actual market 现货交易 adaption of budget 核定预算 advance freight 预付运费 advance payment 预付货款 affilianted company 联营公司，附属公司 against all risks (A.A.R) 保一切险 allotment advice 拨款通知 arbitrated par 股票交易比例定价，股票票面公断定价arrival notice 到货通知，抵港通知 bank check 银行支票 bank draft 银行汇票 bank reference 银行征信，银行资信证明书 bearer check 无记名支票 bearer share (stock) 无记名股票 bilateral trade 双边贸易 bill broker 票据经纪人，证券经纪人 bill of exchange 汇票 bill of lading 提单，提货单 blue chip 热门股票 board of directors 董事会， board of directors 理事会 bonded area 保税区 bottom price 最低价格 business forecasting 商情预测 buying rate 买入汇率 capital turnover 资本周转 cargo marking 货物标志 cash against documents 凭单付现 cash with order 定货付现 certificate of origin 原产地证书 civil debt 民事债务 clean bill 光票
Hostile takeover An acquisition of a firm despite resistance by the target firm's management and board of directors. Total quality control A philosophy and set of guiding concepts that provides a comprehensive means of improving total organization performance and quality by examining each process through which work is done in a systematic, integrated, consistent, organization-wide manner. Abbreviated TQM. Motivation theory/need hierarchy theory Psychological discipline that attempts to describe why people or animals behave as they do solely in terms of internal needs that drive behavior, rather than attributing any influence to external stimuli. theory X and theory Y assumption T h e o r y X With Theory X assumptions, management's role is to coerce and control employees. o People have an inherent dislike for work and will avoid it whenever possible. o People must be coerced, controlled, directed, or threatened with punishment in order to get them to achieve the organizational objectives. o People prefer to be directed, do not want responsibility, and have little or no ambition. o People seek security above all else. T h e o r y Y With Theory Y assumptions, management's role is to develop the potential in employees and help them to release that potential towards common goals. o Work is as natural as play and rest. o People will exercise self-direction if they are committed to the objectives (they are NOT lazy). o Commitment to objectives is a function of the rewards associated with their achievement. o People learn to accept and seek responsibility. o Creativity, ingenuity, and imagination are widely distributed among the population. People are capable of using these abilities to solve an organizational problem. o People have potential.
商务英语名词翻译 Unit 1 CICSC United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, 是《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》的简称。 trade terms 交易条款 sales contract 销售合同 price list 价格单 reference price 参考价 name of commodity 品名；商品名称 quantity 数量 withdrawal of offer 撤回发盘 revocation of offer 撤销发盘 termination of offer 终止发盘 inquiry 询盘 offer 发盘；报盘；实盘 offeror 发盘人 offeree 受盘人 firm offer 实盘 non-offer 虚盘 indefinite offer 虚盘 counter-offer 还盘 accept 承诺 contract 合同（契约） termination of a contract 合同的终止 suspension of a contract 合同的中止 Unit 2 claim damages 损害索赔 claim clause 索赔条款 compensation 补偿 the party in the breach 违约方 difference 差额 interest 利息 bona fide party 当事人 Unit 3 WTO World Trade Organization, 世界贸易组织 the Final Act 指乌拉圭回合多边谈判的最终议案 Uruguay Round 乌拉圭回合 accountable 负责的，需要解释的 ground-rule 基本准则 decision-making body 决策机构 the General Council 总理事会 the Dispute Settlement Body 争端协调机构
期末商务英语试题库 I 判断题 1.First impression is very important since you never get a second chance to make a first impression. Hair should be well maintained. Unshaved look does not work for others. Ties should be correctly tied. Pants should not drag on the floor. Shoes should be polished and in good condition. T 2.Basically when you see someone whose name you can't remember, just wait him or her to give their names first and then respond in kind. T 3.With the American style, you hold the fork in your right hand and the knife in your left hand to cut your meat or vegetables. F 4.There is a formal toast that the host offers at the beginning of the meal to welcome his guests. The other is more informal and comes near the end of the meal, usually during dessert. Champagne will be served. After each toast, everyone raises a glass and takes a sip of champagne. T 5.Whether you are on the phone or have someone in your cubicle, speak softly. You need to ask permission before entering someone's cubicle. T 6.When you select the suit, the shade of gray is professional looking. Blacks and browns are good choices for a business suit. T 7.If you had waited to get on the elevator, you would have been near the front and push your way through the crowd to exit. F 8.American guys do give each other a light kiss on the cheek. It's considered friendly and is not sexual in any way. T 9.In the West, discussing salary amounts or how much you paid for something is an acceptable conversation topic. F 10.It is always good to imitate the way the highest level executives dress. We Americans have a saying about business attire: "Dress for the job you want, not the job you have." T 11.Social introduction rule is that a woman is always introduced to a man. F 12.Business rule is that people of less authority are introduced to people of great authority. T 13.Clients and officials are always more important than people in your company. T 14.Punctuality is less important in American business. F 15.In business greetings, if you are unable to shake hands because of illness or injury, you are expected to apologize and explain immediately. T 16.With American table manners, you hold the folk in your right hand and the knife in your left hand. F 17.When you have finished eating, and to let others know that you have, place your
【外贸必备】外贸术语中英对照 在国际贸易过程中，我们会遇到很多相关行业术语，英文不太好的小伙伴们总是傻傻搞不清，今天我帮大家整理了一些外贸术语中英文介绍，英文不好也不用怕了。美国海关申报费 AMS fee 海运燃油附加费 BAF Bunker Adjustment Fee 并单费combinaton bill of lading fee 出口报关费export customs declaration fee 订舱费booking fee 包干费all in charges 保险费insurance premium 保证金deposit 仓储超期费warehouse overdue fee 仓储费warehouse storage fee 产地证certificate of original 卡车费frucking fee 冲港费special wharf charge
出口操作费export handing charges 重签费reseal fee 拆箱费devanning fee 查验费customs inspection fee 操作费handing charges 超重费over weight charges 堆存费overtime strage charges 目的港手续费destination delivery charges 代垫费用other charges 电放费surrender charges 到付佣金collect commission 地面服务费ground agent service fee 文件费document fee 待时费waiting fee 倒箱费exchange container fee 附加费additional charges
Деловой перевод. Forms of ownership: –Sole Proprietorship—a business owned and operated by a single individual. –Partnership---- партнёрство— a business owned by two or more people. –Limited Company—a company where ownership is represented by company＇s shares. 1. Board of directors---.Cовет директоров —the officials elected by shareholders who rule the company 2. Current liabilities—the money that a company during which certain goods are produced. 3. Dividends—company profits paid to shareholders. 4. Entrepreneur-- Предприниматель—person who sets up a new commercial enterprise to make a profit. 5. Indebtedness -- задолженность– amount of debts 6. Initial funds --funds used in starting a business. 7. Liabilities -- Обязательства– the amount of debt that must be paid. 8. Shareholders-- акционер–those who own shares of a company＇s stock. 9. Accounting –бухгалтерия---- the action or process of keeping financial accounts. Is a system of gathering , summarizing and communicating financial information for a business firm, government or other organizations. 10. Balance sheet –Балансовый отчёт - is a statement which describes the companies resources and indicates where these resources have come from.
一、单项选择题 1. Those planes are for charter. A. available B. useful C. handful D. helpful 2. You must pay fare, because there is no discounts for this flight. A. complete B. all C. enough D. full 3. Is there any flight that leaves on Sunday? A. toward B. unchanged C. direct D. straight 4. The observation group traveled from South Africa to Oxford eight other African countries. A. with B. via C. by D. through 5. The baggage allowance for is kg. A. a minor traveling unaccompanied (20) B. an infant tra veling with his parents (10) C. an adult flying C class (40) D. an adult traveling economy with discount fare (20) 6. All applicable flight restrictions conditions must be coded in the ticket box. A. endorsement B. fare C. name D. address 7. Could you please me through San Francisco though I can’t set off tomorrow? A. route B. reroute C .arrange D. send 8. The ticket indicates Air China as your carrier form San Francisco to Shanghai. A. pointed B. recognized C. designated D. thought 9. Chairman Hu Jingtao’s in United States is Obama. A. position B. role C. same D. counterpart 10. We'll you the full cost of your trip, if you are not satisfied with our service. A. refund B. repay C. give back D. send back 11. Generally speaking, the excess baggage is charged at . A. per kg. 1% of the OW, normal, direct adult F class through fare B. 1% of the economy class OW fare per kg. C. 1.5% of the one-way normal, direct adult F class fare per kg. D. per kg. 1.5% of the return normal, direct adult Y class fare 12. A baby is defined by most airlines as a child A. who should be accompanied by parents B. whose age is limited by airlines C. who has not yet had a second birthday D. who is not entitled to a seat 13. Baby service is available on most airlines but should be arranged A. during the check in B. when the seats are confirmed C. before boarding D. as soon as passengers board the flight
Unit 17 Problems, problems 17.1Dealing with problems (1)\ Listening and speaking Listen to someone talking about office problems. Offer to help by phoning the correct department. Use the words in the box to help you like this: VOICE 1: We need some more envelopes, (beep) YOU: m phone the Purchasing department VOICE 2: m phone the Purchasing department* (repeat) Accounts Service Purchasing Marketing (2)Grammar Underline the correct future form in italics. A: Hello. David Watkins speaking. B: Oh, rm trying /Tll try (1) to reach Ms North. A: She's in a meeting. Could I help? B: I want to place a large order and I'd like to discuss discount and delivery terms. Could I arrange a meeting with her for next week? A: Of course. Vm checking / Til check (2) her diary. When would you like to see her? B: Is next Tuesday at 3 OK? A: She's going /She'll go (3) to the new factory that afternoon. How about Wednesday at 10? B: That's fine. Wednesday at 10. A: Could I have your name please? B: Yes, it's Jenkins. Sandra Jenkins. A: Fine, I'm sending /Til send (4) you a letter to confirm the meeting. B: By the way, could you send me a copy of your catalogue? A: Yes, of course. I'm sending /Til send (5) you a copy today. B: I'd also like information about prices. A: OK. I'm enclosing /Tll enclose (6) a copy of our price list. B: Thanks very much. 1 look forward to seeing Ms North next week. Goodbye. A: Goodbye. (3)Writing What will you do? Write the offer you would make in each of these situations. 1BOSS: I'm going away next week and I need a plane ticket. YOU: I'll【)h(me the travel age/iL 2COLLEAGUE: I've got a lot of filing to do. YOU: ______________________________________ 3BOSS: I need a table at the restaurant for Thursday night next week. YOU: ______________________________________ 4CLIENT: rd like to make an appointment to discuss my account. YOU: ______________________________________ 5FRIEND: I'm not feeling very well, and I can't get out to go shopping. YOU:
Unit 1 1. 显著经济增长、significant economic growth 2. 将银行业与汽车业国有化nationalizing the banking and car industries 3. 削减房贷cut back on housing loans 4. 收购国内外资产buying up new assets at home and abroad 5. 大幅提升盈利能sharply raising profitability 6. 获得动力gain momentum 7. 小幅升值a modest appreciation 8. 下岗工人laid-off workers 9. 摸着石头过河crossing the river by feeling for stones 10. 可持续增长的支柱the backbone of sustainable growth 11. 资金密集型行业capital-intensive sector 12. 放宽信贷loosen credit 13. 减少对出口的依赖reducing China's dependence on exports 14. 战略思考strategic thinking 15. 燃油补贴fuel subsidies 16. 解除价格管制deregulated prices 17. 休克疗法shock therapy 18. 支撑经济增长bolster economic growth 19. 经济刺激一揽子计划stimulus package 20. 精明（娴熟）的管理savvy management 21. 边远地区remote areas 22. 回应个人投诉answer individual complaints 23. 取消印花税scrapping the stamp tax 24. 振兴股市revive the stock market 25. 繁荣与稳定prosperity and stability 26. 内幕交易insider trading 27. 进行民意测验conduct public polls 28. 遭遇信贷危机experiencing a credit crisis Unit 2 1.The great depression in the 1930s 1930年的经济大萧 条 2.The old industrial economies 老工业经济体 3.The global economic and political elite 全球经济与 政治精英 4.Amass great wealth 产生巨大财富 5.Welfare states福利国家 6.Emerging economies 新兴经济体 7. A beggar-thy-neighbor populism 以邻为壑民粹主义 8.Double-dip recession 双底衰退 9.Sovereign-debt crisis 主权债务危机 10.The worst-case scenarios 最糟糕的情况 11.Bitter social unrest 激烈的社会动荡 12.Cutting public budgets 削减公共预算 13.Excessive stimulus 过度刺激计划
a.我们从……获知贵公司的名称，不知贵公司对这一系列的产品是否有兴趣。your name has been given by…and we like to inquire whether you are interested in these lines. b.我们新研制的……已推出上市，特此奉告。we are pleased to inform you that we have just marketed our newly-developed…. c.我们盼望能成为贵公司的……供应商。we are pleased to get in touch with you for the supply of…. d.我们的新产品刚刚推出上市，相信您乐于知道。you will be interested to hear that we have just marketed our new product. e.相认您对本公司新出品的……会感兴趣。you will be interested in our new product……. a.请容我们自我介绍，我们是……首屈一指的贸易公司。let us introduce ourselves as a leading trading firm in… b.本公司经营这项业务已多年，并享有很高的国际信
誉。our company has been in this line of business for many years and enjoys highinternational prestige. c.我们的产品质量一流，我们的客户一直把本公司视为最可信赖的公司。our products are of very good quality and our firm is always regarded by our customers as the most reliable one. 如何推销新产品？ Introduction of New Products We think you will be interested in the new formula soap powder we have just introduced to the market. Half dozen samples of both have been shipped to you by UPS. The product are the result of years of research, and are likely to revolutionize all the chemical methods in use at present. A trial will convince you of their merits. And we send them to you for your test and criticism. Enclosed is a copy of our latest catalog with price list. We hope that you’ll take this opportunity to try it.
Acceptance承兑P119 An acceptance credit call for drafts to be drawn at a tenor for acceptance by the issuing bank or any drawee nawed in the credit.汇票承兑信用证要求汇票按规定在一定期限内由开证行或者其他在信用证上签名的收款人来检验。 a letter of credit信用证P116 A banker’s document letter of credit is a credit instrument.A common means of payment in international trade.一种在国际贸易中常见的支付手段。Containing a writer undertaking in the part of the issuing bank to pay a certain amount to a third party against the surrender of stipulated documents. collection托收P133 entrust banks as intermediaries to collect the money for the goods 委托银行作中间人收取款项 Bill票据 a statement of money owed for goods or services; demand payment tax 税收P197 charge against a citizen's person or property or activity for the support of government; levy a tax on hedge套期保值P144 capture slight differences in price; foreign exchange markets perform four major functions:tranfer of payments;provision of credits;payment at a distance;allowing hedging against exchange risk.外汇市场主要从事四种功能：转移支付；提供信贷；异地支付；提供外汇风险防范。 arbitrage套汇P139 buy at the lower price and sells at the higher price; Is the use of discrepancies in currency exchange rates to transform one unit of a currency into more than one unit of the same currency.利用不同的外汇市场各种货币在同一时刻的汇率和汇率上的差异，同时买进和卖出有关货币的现汇和期汇，以赚取汇率或利率上的差价收益的交易。 option期权P144 the right to buy or sell property at an agreed price; the right is purchased and if it is not exercised by a stated date the money is forfeited在外汇交易中，以契约形式规定的在某一特定日期或在未来某一日期，按规定的价格买（看涨期权）或卖（看跌期权）特定数量的基础票据权利。 future期货 A currency future,also FX future or foreign exchange future.is a futures contract to exchange one currency for another at specified date in the future at a price(exchange rate 买卖双方约定于未来某一特定日期，以约定价格买卖的约定数量的商品。 foreign exchange汇率,外汇 price by one currency for other currency; means the system utilized in financing international payments.一个用于支付国际金融付款的系统。