高考英语语法复习攻略
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经过对近五年的全国卷英语试题单项选择部分的总结，我们的出入下结论：全国卷的考题在知识广度上有很好的体现，对中学阶段要求学生掌握的语法项目都有较完整的覆盖面，而且试题对知识点的考查很细。这就要求考生在复习备考中应注意把握词汇的基本用法和基本句法知识，不能有遗漏现象，不能有侥幸心理，不能顾此失彼。
高考必考英语知识清单：
考点1 冠词考点2 名词
考点3 代词考点4 形容词/副词
考点5 定语从句考点6 状语从句
考点7 名词性从句考点8 时态、语态
考点9 非谓语动词考点10 情态动词
考点11 动词及动词短语辨析考点12 倒装语序
考点13 主谓一致关系、强调结构及其他考点14 日常交际用语
下面我们对部分考点给出具体的复习重点指导：
一、状语从句的一些引导词需要着重注意
1.before: …before I could say a word./It may be some time before the situation improves How long it’ll be before I can go back to work?
2.when: It was six o’clock when they arrived at the hotel.
3.since: It’s three years since I smoked.
4.as: Great as the difficulty was,../Much as I admire,…
5.where: They notice that plants don’t grow well where there is much shade. My doctor advised me to live where the air is fresher.
6.主将从现：
I can when my headache disappear thoroughly. If you go, so will I.
二、时态和语态是很重要的考点
have been painting all day/be always doing/I did lock it/will still be sleeping/will have left The papers are still being corrected/It is being served in the dining room. 三、注意情态动词对过去表示推测的用法
比如，couldn’t have done/might have done/needn’t have done/should/ought to have done 特别是shall的用法: No student shall go out of school without the teacher’s permission. Tell him that he shall have the wonderful book tomorrow afternoon. It is the rule that every driver shall obey in this city. Shall I/he book a table? 请别忽视某些情态动词的特殊含义，如：
must : If you must know her name, her name is Mabel. would: When I was young, I would sit under the old tree listening to grandpa tell me stories. should: It’s strange that Tom, the most excellent student in our grade should fail in the exam. may: May you succeed!/May you be happy! 四、你需要记住一些交际用语，比如：
Just in case!/Take your time!/Take it easy!/You can’t be serious/Up to you!/What if?/Can you make it?/What for?/What kept you?/Of what?/Exactly!/With pleasure!/That isn’t due yet./The early train is due to leave at 5:30 a.m./I’ll give you a lift./Why not?/You are wanted on the phone. 五、非谓语动词——注意分清谓语与非谓语，比如：
She went to the market, bought some bananas and visited her cousin. She said, and turning away from him, walked rapidly away. Go straight ahead, and you will see a hotel in front of you.
完形填空：高考完形填空临场技法，完形填空就是在一篇语意完整的短文中有目的地制造一些空白，造成信息链的中断，让考生在理解短文的基础上，综合运用所学知识和常识，对每个题的备选项做出尽可能合理的分析、判断，从中选出正确答案或最佳答案，使重新构建的文章主旨鲜明，文意畅达，逻辑严密。
要做好完形填空，考生须具备扎实的基础知识以及快速阅读和理解的能力，另外，良好的心理素质和思维品质也至关重要。
有些考生虽然具有一定的基础，但完形填空题的得分却总不尽如人意。他们的问题概括起来主要有以下几方面：
1. 不善于抓文章的主旨大意，并以此为中心展开对整篇文章的推理、判断，导致理解上出现偏差，甚至与文章的中心相悖。
2. 容易受定势思维的干扰，对文意分析不透，忽视特定语境中英语知识的运用。
3. 对完形填空怀有厌倦、恐惧心理，以至做完形填空时处于应付状态。
那么，怎样才能提高做完形填空的准确率呢?大家应从以下三个方面入手训练思维能力和解题技巧：抓准主旨、透析文意、理清逻辑。并在做题的过程中把这三方面与做完形填空
的三大步骤―浏览、细读和验证‖做到有机结合，明确每一步思维的主攻方向。
一、通览全文，抓准主旨
有的同学或是急于求成，总想"一步到位"，或是由于原文设置空格所造成的理解障碍，担心通读文章时不但抓不住大意反而浪费时间，未通览全文即边读边填，结果是就句论句，无法形成连贯的思路，或―见木不见林‖，理解偏离文章的中心，欲速则不达。
大家首先要克服不良心理，满怀信心，全神贯注，目光越过空格，注重把握文章的整体内容，注意能体现文章大意的关键词句。开始阅读时可能会有模模糊糊，类似―钻山洞‖的感觉，此时千万不可半途而废;再往下读，文意会逐渐显露，读完全文心里往往会有"豁然开朗"之感。另外，要重视文章首句的作用，一般情况下，首句不设空格，这就为大家窥视文章全貌提供了一个―窗口‖。通过文章的首句大家可以对文章进行比较准确的定位。
另外，大家要给文章准确定位，不仅要重视文章的首句，有时注意一下文章的结尾，首尾联系起来，对文章的定位会更准确。
抓住文章的主旨大意后，考生围绕主旨大意去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会收到事半功倍的效果。抓住了主旨，一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的选项也就起不到作用了。
二、细读全文，透析文意
有的考生在做完形填空题时，一看到一些自己比较熟悉的语法结构，如句子、短语等，便不假思索地去选，对特定的语境不去作深入的理解，导致―定势思维‖错误。
事实上，从NMET完形填空的出题特点看，其干扰项的设置均与―语法结构‖错误无关，重在文意的干扰，这是出题者近几年始终坚持的方向。NMET完形填空每个题的四个选项并不是一种单纯的词汇辨析，因为从语法的角度看每个选项都是正确的。因此是否能恰如其分地传达文意才是选择正确答案或最佳答案的唯一标准，要吃透文意，理解到位，大家应做到以下几点：
1. 注意上下文的内在联系
断章取义，就题论题，忽视上下文的信息提示是学生常犯的错误。考生在做完形填空的过程中，应学会边读边在大脑中储藏上下文的信息。信息提示有时出现在前面，有时出现在后面。如：
Eating spaghetti (意大利面条) caught my eye. The word "spaghetti" brought back the 36 of an evening at Uncle Alien’ s in Belleville (when) _37_ all of us were seated around the table and Aunt Pat (served) _38_ spaghetti for supper.(2004全国卷I)
36. A. memory B. thought C. knowledge D. experience 本题的信息提示出现在前面。做题的关键在于把握brought back与后面名词的搭配关系，即动词短语决定了名词的选择。bring back"把……带回来"，因此此处只能是"把过去的记忆带回来"，即"使人回忆起……"，因此答案只能是A。
With these words I began to (face) _36_ the problem, the problem of my telephone addiction. I used to call people _37_ , from the moment I woke up to
the time I went to sleep. I (waited) _38_ to be phoned, I wanted to phone. Just one more call.(2004全国卷Ⅱ)
37. A. now and then B. all the time C. at home D. at work 本题的信息提示出现在后面。空后的―从早晨醒来到上床睡觉‖说明前面的动作是―经常、不断的‖，因此答案只能是B。
2. 注意英汉两种语言的差异，不能简单地互译
出题者深知学生在英语学习过程中的弱点，往往从母语的角度设置干扰项来增加试题难度，考查学生的基本功和灵活运用能力，所以在平常的学习中，要逐渐培养自己的"语感"，不要受母语的影响。
It started socially —a few calls each day. It seemed (fine) _39_ , just a quick chat. Gradually though, the (situation) _40_ got worse. Soon it was _41_ use, until, finally, addiction. (2004全国卷Ⅱ)
41. A. frequent B. regular C. unusual D. particular 本题如果仅凭汉语思维"经常用"电话，很容易误选B, regular虽然也有"经常的"的意思，但侧重指"固定的，有规律的"，不是一个贬义词。因此此处表示最后作者打电话上瘾之前，打电话是一种"频繁的"行为，含有贬义，因此用"频繁的"，表示行为"过火"，答案为A。
3. 研读细节，准确认定语境
用学生平日常见的固定搭配来干扰学生对具体语境的认定，利用定势思维来增强试题的诱惑性。如：
I was phoning people and (leaving) _46_ messages to make sure _47_ calls would see me through the day. (2004全国卷Ⅱ)
47. A. long B. immediate C. enough D. surprising 本题仅看前面和后面介词短语的搭配，很容易误选A。但仔细推敲语境，此处并不表示电话的"长度"，而表示电话的"数量"，因此应选C。
4. 发挥逻辑思维能力，挖掘文章寓意、隐意
近几年NMET完形填空以叙事为主，有时加入一定的议论和说明，内容贴近生活，表层意思易于理解，所以很容易给学生造成一种"假象"，产生―轻敌‖心理，有些同学做完一篇完形填空以后，自我感觉不错，但一对答案错很多，原因是这些同学仅仅理解了文章的表层含义，而忽略了其深层含义。事实上，NMET完形填空文章大都包含一定的哲理、寓意，具备深层探询的可能性。这就要求考生不仅要明确文章的表层意义，还要挖掘出文章的深层含义，做到―表里一致‖。如：
_52_ laughed, then the whole class was laughing with open?hearted enjoyment. I did my best not to show (pleasure) _53_ , but what I was feeling was pure happiness. 52. A. People B. Nobody C. Somebody D. I 本题要求根据事情发展的逻辑关系来判定答案。答案是C，此处叙述作者的作文给全班同学带来欢乐的过程，先是―有人‖发笑，最后全班同学大笑，逻辑通顺。
5. 结合生活常识判断
At first, everyone on the team got _38_ playing time. Then the team moved up to the top division after winning all its games, and the _39_ started. Some parents, who had paid the coach extra so their daughters could have _40_ one?on?one training, got angry when she didn’t give them more playing time in our _41_ . The coach was replaced. (2004北京高考)
38. A. great B. equal C. right D. extra 39. A. business B. struggle C. attempt
D. pressure 40. A. free B. private C. good D. basic 41. A. matches B. courses C. lessons D. programs 本文介绍作者(一个少年女子足球队员)踢足球的经历。一开始，我们得到―平等的(38)‖踢球时间;然后当我们的队获得联赛冠军以后，怎样呢?结合生活常识判断，应是有了"压力(39)"。后面父母贿赂教练干什么呢?根据生活常识判断，应该是让自己的孩子得到―开小灶‖的机会，因此40应选B, private―私人的‖。41，父母生气是因为贿赂没有起作用，也就是在我们的―比赛‖中，他们的女儿没有得到更多的上场比赛的时间。
三、全面验证，理清逻辑
NMET完形填空所选文章都堪称精品，其逻辑必是上下贯通，其脉络也必是自然有序，令人信服。因此，做完一篇完形填空以后，大家对文章的线索、脉络以及主旨、寓意等心里也应该有一种很"明朗"的感觉;如果做完以后，还是似懂非懂，犹如"雾里看花"，那就证明你对文章的把握还有问题，还要复读全文，验证答案。大家可以从文章的内在逻辑入手，回味一下，看所选答案是否经得起推敲，是否能自然融入整个语篇，如果有游离于文章主旨之外或与整篇文章的逻辑相矛盾的答案，就需要重新理解、修正。有的同学做完完形填空以后，不加核查便草草"收场"，结果让很明显的错误从眼前跳过，造成考场上不应有的"遗憾"。
高中英语语法学习顺口溜
来源:未知| 作者:admin | 本文已影响1435 人
高中英语语法学习顺口溜
动词为纲―滚雪球‖难易编组抓循环
同类归纳印象深图示介词最直观
混淆多因形音义反义词语成对念
构词方法不可忘习惯用语集中练
词不离句法最好课外阅读莫间断
be 的用法口诀
我用am，你用are，is连着他，她，它；
单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。
变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。
变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。
疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。
时间名词前所用介词的速记歌
年月周前要用in，日子前面却不行。
遇到几号要用on，上午下午又是in。
要说某日上下午，用on换in才能行。
午夜黄昏须用at，黎明用它也不错。
at也用在明分前，说―差‖可要用上to，
说―过‖只可使用past，多说多练牢牢记，
莫让岁月空蹉跎。
记住f(e)结尾的名词复数
妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌；
躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。
巧记48个国际音标
单元音共十二，四二六前中后。
双元音也好背，合口集中八个整。
辅音共计二十八，八对一清又七浊，
四个连对也包括。有气无声清辅音，
有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握。
其他
非谓语动词的一些特殊用法后只接不定式作宾语的一些常用特殊谓语动词
动词后，不定式，want, hope和wish，
agree, decide, mean, manage, promise,
expect, pretend,且说两位算在此，
要记牢，要记住，掌握它们靠自己。
后接动词不定式做宾语补足语省略不定式符号―to‖的一些常用特殊动词
一些动词要掌握，have, let和make,
此三动词是使役，―注意‖―观察‖―听到‖see，
还有feel和watch，使用它们要仔细，
后接―宾补‖略去―to‖，此点千万要牢记
除此之外，还可以掌握―八字言‖，
一感feel,二听hear, listen to, 三让have, let, make,四看see, look at, observe, watch
后只接动名词做宾语的一些常用特殊动词
特殊动词接―动名‖，使用它们要记清，
―放弃‖―享受‖可―后悔‖，
―坚持‖―练习‖必―完成‖，
―延期‖―避免‖非―介意‖
掌握它们今必行。
动名词在句中的功能及其它
―动名‖语法其功能，名词特征有动、形，主宾表定都可作，―动名‖、―现分‖要认清，―现分‖不作―宾‖和―主‖，
动名作―状‖可不行。二词皆可作定语，混为一谈不允许，主谓关系视分词，―动名‖一词无此义。
现在分词形式及在句子中的作用（包括过去分词的作用）：现在分词真好记，动词后面ING。它的作用真不小，可以充当定状表。
还有宾语补足语，忘记此项不可以。
分词做定语的位置及其它
―定分‖位置有二条，词前词后定分晓。
单个分词在词前，有时此规有颠倒。
分词短语在词后，―定从‖和它互对照。
―现分‖动作进行时，―过分‖动作完成了。
（注：―定分‖：做定语的分词；―定从‖：定语从句；―现分‖：现在分词；―过分‖：过去分词。）分词做状语在句子中所表示的意义
分词做状语，概有七意义。―
时间‖和―原因‖，―结果‖与―目的‖。
―方式‖加―伴随‖，―条件‖常出席。
且谈其主语，谓语头前的*。
欲要记住它，必须常练习。（*指句子的主语）
独立主格结构
独立结构要认清：名、代之后副或形。
或是分词或―介短‖，with结构不可轻，
名代二词是其―主‖，句子结构必分明。
独立结构好掌握句中作用只一个：
千变万化皆做―状‖，其中意义也不多。
―时间‖―条件‖和―原因‖，―方式‖―伴随‖没别的。
―状从‖和其前三个，可以互变不难学。
牢牢抓住事态语态高考英语动词备考方案
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动词是句子的眼睛，把动词作为考查重点是历年单项填空试题的特点。那么考生在复习中应重点关注动词哪些方面的内容呢？在此帮助考生制定了单选中动词的备考方案，那就是牢牢抓住动词的时态语态，非谓语动词，情态动词等，让考生拨云见日，信心备考。
在时态语态试题中，吴老师要求考生注意以下三点：一)在语境中灵活运用时态，切不
可以仅根据题干中的时间状语盲目选择时态。二)注意一些特殊句式中时态的固定用法。如―主将从现‖、―祈使句+and/or+将来时单句‖、―make sure that-clause‖等。三)注意英语与汉语的差异，要有使用被动语态的意识。另外要掌握被动语态在各种时态中的构成形式。如下面一题：
He ____ football regularly for many years when he was young。
A. was playing
B. played
C. has played
D. had played
在主句中出现了时间状语for many years，但是从句说了在他年轻的时候，所以这里踢球几年指的是过去的动作。was playing指过去进行，has played与现在有关，但题干中仅仅说当他年轻的时候与现在无关。had done强调过去的过去。所以选B 非谓语动词考点一般只要求考生在不定式，动名词，分词的一般式中做出选择，即在to do, doing，done中做出选择。有时试题的考点要求考生选择非谓语动词的被动式或完成式，但很少考查被动完成式。吴老师告诉考生选择的依据有两点：一是固定搭配，二是在句中的作用。看下面两个例子：
The teacher doesn't permit _____in class。
A. smoke
B. smoking
C. to smoke
D. smoked
这题考查的就是固定搭配，permit doing. permit sb. to do。
The young man has the habit of smoking but ______ tea or coffee。
A. not drink
B. not to drink
C.not drinking
D.not to drinking
这个小伙儿有吸烟的习惯没有喝茶或咖啡的习惯。吸烟和喝茶或咖啡都是作为of的宾语，由连词but唉连词，所以形式一致，用drinking, 非谓语动词的否定在非谓语动词前加not. 故选B。
吴老师给考生总结出了三个情态动词的考点，那就是：一)常用情态动词用法和意义的辨析。如：must do 与have to do, can do 与be able to do, used to do与would do的区别。二)情态动词后接do, be doing, have done的不同含义。三)情态动词在省略情况下的形式。
The room is in a terrible mess; it _____cleaned。
A. can't have been
B. shouldn't have been
C. mustn't have been
D. wouldn't have been
房间乱得不得了，它一定没被打扫。can't have done对过去情况否定推测，mustn't 不能表示推测，故也不会有mustn't have done 这样的搭配。
考生能牢牢把握吴老师所总结出的动词的考点的话，解答相关的试题就游刃有余。
虚拟语气-高中英语语法精讲精练
来源:未知| 作者:admin | 本文已影响1634 人
虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜测建议或与事实不符的假设。虚拟语气可分为三种：（1）一般虚拟（2）混合虚拟（3）特殊句式
一．一般虚拟的构成：(省略if, 要将should/were/had 提到句首)
(1). 对现在的虚拟：If +S.+ did/were sth., S.+ would/could/should +do
If I had time, I would attend the meeting.
If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad.
(2) 对过去的虚拟：If +S.+had + p.p, S.+ would/could/should have + p.p
If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exam.
(3) 对将来的虚拟：
If + S. + did/were/should do/were to do, S + would/should/could do sth.
If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.
If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.
If he should not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next day.
注意：Had we made good preparations, we might have succeeded.
Had it not rained, we would have gone out for a walk.
Were I you, I would not do such a thing.
二．混合虚拟：
（1）不同时间的虚拟：If he had listened to me, he would not be in trouble now.
If he had told me yesterday, I should know what to do now.
(2) 虚拟与陈述的混合：
He could have passed the exam, but he wasn’t careful enough.
You should have come earlier, the bus left a moment ago.
三．特殊句式：
(1).suggest, advise, recommend, propose, order, command, request, require, demand + that –clause (should do/do )
He suggested that we (should) save money for the future.(insist的判断)
(2) It is suggested/advised/ordered/requested/required that –clause(should do/do)(主语从句)
(3) My advice/suggestion/request/requirement is that-clause (should do /do) （表语从句）
His suggestion/advice/request/requirement that –clause(should do/do ) is.. （同位语从句）
(4) It is natural/necessary/strange that-clause (should do/do)表惊奇、怀疑、惋惜、不满、理应如此等。
It’s strange that he should have missed the train. （表竟然）
It is important that we should learn from others.（表理应如此）
It is a pity that he should not go with us.(表惊讶、不满)
（5）wish + that clause (did/were 与现在相反)
wish + that clause (would/could/might + do与将来相反)
wish + that clause ( had done 与过去相反)
I wish I could go with them tomorrow.
I wish I had never met him.
(6) It is (high/about) time + clause (did, should do )
It is (high/about) time we went home.
(7) would rather + clause (did 与现在或将来相反)；（had done 与过去相反）
I would rather you came tomorrow. I would rather you hadn’t told her the news.
(8) If only + clause ( did/were与现在相反) ((would/could/might + do与将来相反)
( had done 与过去相反) ―要是。。。就好了―
If only he would come tomorrow! If only I had taken her advice!
If only I were ten years younger!
(9) as if + clause (did/were 与现在相反) (would/could/might + do与将来相反)
( had done 与过去相反)
She treats Kate as if she were her own daughter.
They talked as if they had been friends for years.
(10) would like/was/were to have done something
I would like to have attended the party, but one of my friends came to see me.
(11) without/but for + n.= if it were not for +n./if it hadn’t been for + n. (otherwise后从句同)
I would not have passed the exam without your help.(=if it hadn’t been for your help)
四。虚拟巩固练习：
1. The plant is dead. I ___more water.
A. will give
B. would have given
C. must give
D. should have given
2. I insist that a doctor ___ immediately.
A. has been sent for
B. send for
C. will be sent for
D. be sent for
3. If you the doctors advice, you would have already recovered.
A. follow
B. followed
C. would follow
D. had followed
4. I wish I ___ you yesterday.
A. seen
B. did see
C. had seen
D. were to see
5. What would you have done last night, if you to write your homework.
A. hadn’t
B. haven’t had
C. didn’t have
D. hadn’t had
6. ---Did you catch the plane?
-----No, if I had hurried, I .
A. would
B. would have
C. could
D. did
7. Without electricity human life ____ quite different today.
A. is
B. will be
C. would have been
D. would be
8. --- Shall we go skating or stay at home? ---Which____ do yourself?
A. do you rather
B. would you rather
C. will you rather
D. should you rather
9. --- We could have walked to the station, it was so near.
---Yes, a taxi ___ at all necessary.
A. wasn’t
B. hadn’t been
C. wouldn’t
D. won’t be
10. If you early tomorrow morning, you would be there by noon.
A. have started
B. were start
C. were to start
D. had started
11. Tom ought not to ____ me your secret, but he meant no harm.
A. have told
B. tell
C. be telling
D. having told
12. ---If he ____, he ___ that food.
--- Luckily he was sent to hospital immediately.
A. was warned, would not take
B. had been warned, would not have taken
B. would be warned, had not taken D. would have been warned, had not taken
13. ---- Are you thinking about going to Dalian for the vacation?
-----No, but if I time, I very glad to go there.
A. have, will be B, had had, would have been
C. had, would be
D. had had, would be
14. If you George, would you please tell him to ring me?
A. saw
B. were to
C. have seen
D. see
15. You didn’t let me drive. If we ____ in turn, you ____ so tired.
A. drove, didn’t get
B. drove, wouldn’t get
C. were driving, wouldn’t get
D. had driven, wouldn’t have got
16. I am sure he hasn’t sent the letter. If he it, I .
A. sent, got
B. sent, have got
C. sent, would go
D. had sent, would have got.
17. The two strangers talked as if they ____ friends for years.
A. should be
B. would be
C. have been
D. had been
18. Jane’ pale face suggested that he ____ ill, and her parents suggested that she ____ a medical examination.
A. be, should have
B. was, have
C. should be, had
D. was, has
19. _____ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.
A. Were
B. Should
C. Would
D. Will
20. When he was there, he ____ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.
A. would
B. should
C. had better
D. might
21.____ for the free tickets, _____ I would not have gone to the films so often.
A. If it is not
B. Were it not
C. Had it not been
D. If they were not
22. There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You ____ come, but why didn’t you?
A. must have
B. should
C. need have
D. ought to have
23. I should have been there, but I ___ not find the time.
A. would
B. could
C. might
D. should
24. If he ____ quietly as the doctor instructed, he wouldn’t suffer so much now.
A. lies
B. lay
C. had lain
D. should lie
25. How I wish every family ___ a large house with a garden.
A. has
B. had
C. will have
D. had had
26. I thought you ____ like something to read , so I have brought you some books.
A. might
B. may
C. could
D. must
27. There was plenty of time. She ____.
A. needn’t have hurried
B. couldn’t have hurried
C. must not hurry
D.
mustn’t have hurried
28. It was necessary that he about what had happened.
A. be told
B. was told
C. should tell
D. tell
29. It was strange that we short of water in the country where it was always raining.
A. are
B. be
C. should be
D. both B and C
30. You any difficulty now, if you had made a more careful plan.
A. won’t meet with
B. would not meet with
C. would not have met with
D. have not met with
31. .He did his best in everything, he would not have seen what he was.
A. and
B. but
C. otherwise
D. but that
32. ---You should have gone to the show with us yesterday. It is very good.
----I wished I , but I was busy with my report.
A. had
B. did
C. would have
D. were
33. ---- Would you have told him the answer, if possible?
-----Yes, I would have, but I very busy.
A. had been
B. were
C. was
D. would be
34. If only I his advice, but I am sorry I did.
A. would not take
B. would not have taken
C. did not take
D. had not taken
35. It is time we to the concert. A. went B, go C. will go D. should go
36. ---I’d like to get a job in that computer shop.
---I would much rather you ___at home and ___ care of the children.
A. stay, take
B. stayed, took
C. should stay, took
D. stayed, take
37. If we ___ birth control earlier, China ___ such a large population.
A. had begun, wouldn’t have
B. had begun, wouldn’t have had
C. began, wouldn’t have
D. should begin, wouldn’t have had
38. They treats the granny as if she ____ their own mother. A> is B. was
C. were
D. had been
39. ---What do you think of the food here? ---Oh, wonderful! WE ___ a better place.
A. won’t find
B. mustn’t have found
C. can’t find
D. couldn’t have found
40. We ___ last night, but we went to the concert instead.
A. must have studied
B. might study
C. should have studied
D. would study
41. It was suggested that the match ___ because of the weather.
A. would be put off
B. should put off
C. must be put off
D. be put off
42.If only I ___ to your advice and returned home in time.
A. listened
B. had listened
C. would listen
D. would have listened
43. ___, there would be no industry.
A. Without steel
B. If there is not steel
C. There would be no steel
D. If there was not steel
44.---Would you like to go to the cinema tonight? ---I wish I ___, but I ___ study for a test.
A. had, will have to
B. would, had to
C. did, have to
D. could, have to
45. He spoke as if he ___ in space at that moment.
A. had walked
B. were walking
C. would walk
D. walked
46. I would do it in a different way ___ it.
A. were I do
B. were I to do
C. should I to do
D. had I done
47. But for his help, they ___ over the mountain in such a short time.
A. had not run
B. have not run
C. couldn’t have run
D. can’t have run
48. There is nothing left. I wish I ___ so much money on clothes.
A. haven’t spent
B. hadn’t spent
C. couldn’t have spent
D. not spend
49. ---Why are you late? ---I got caught in traffic; otherwise I ___ here on time.
A. would have been
B. was
C. were
D. had been
50. ---What happened to the trees planted last spring?
---The trees ___ well. But they didn’t take good care of them.
A. would grow
B. shall have grown
C. would have grow
D. might grow
51. He would have died ___ that doctor.
A. hadn’t it been
B. it id had been
C. were it for
D. had it not been for
52. What would you do if you __ a house on fire? A. saw B. see C. have seen
D. had seen
五．参考答案：
1-5 DDDCD 6-10 BDBAC11-15 ABCAD
16-20 DDBBA 21-25 CDBCB 26-30 AAADB
31-35 CCCDA 36-40BACDC 41-45DBADB
46-52BCBACDA
动词的时态和语态高考考点及解题指导来源:未知| 作者:admin | 本文已影响1294 人
一、考点聚焦
综观近年来的高考单项填空题,动词成为考查的热点,在15个单项选择中，考查动词时态的题一般不少于2道，动词的时态常和语态、主谓一致结合在一起进行考查。然而,英语时态多达16种,常用的也有8种之多,且近几年的高考在考查时态时,形式灵活多样,多体现在上下文语境中,且融多个考点于一题, 这样无形中增加了试题的难度。其实，纵观近几年的时态语态题，我们不难发现其命题的三个角度：一是直接给定时间状语，考生可直接根据所给时间状语作出选择；二是给定时间状语，但所给时间状语有着较强的干扰性和迷惑性，考生不能直接根据时间状语进行选择；三是题干中不提供任何时间状语，而给出一个上下文情景或一个结构较为复杂的句子，考生必须仔细分析语境，才能作出判断并选择最佳答案。
二、真题再现与技巧点播
答题时，研读题干，搜索出尽可能多的―时间参考信息‖，如：haven’t said, was doing 等，这些表达中都含有时间信息，发现和有效利用这些信息是解决问题的关键。解决时态和语态问题，要遵循如下解题思路：
①这个动作可能发生在什么时间？题干句中可参照的时间信息有那些？
②这个动作处于什么时态，是进行中，还是已经结束（完成）？限制或修饰这个动作的状语信息有哪些？
③这个动作与主语的关系，是主动还是被动？
只要全面细致地考虑了这些问题的答案，试题的正确答案也就水落石出了。具体技巧如下：
（一）根据题干中的时间标志词选择时态
1．---The window is dirty.
--- I know. It ________ for weeks. (04全国卷III)
A．hasn’t clean B．didn’t clean
C．wasn’t cleaned D．hasn’t been cleaned
答案：D 根据时间状语for weeks可知道用现在完成时，表示已经有好几周没擦窗了。并且主语It (即the window)与clean 是被动关系，故选D
2．Scientists think that the continents always where they today. （05北京）
A．aren’t; are B．aren’t; were C．weren’t; are D．weren’t; were 答案：C 本题考查时态。由第二个空后的时间状语today可知第二个空应使用现在时态，故淘汰B、D两项，又因为句子内容是在不同时期的continents的位置进行对比，因此，应选择C项。
3．They on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we it as no good results have come out so far. （05江苏）A．had been working; are still working B．had worked; were still working
C．have worked; were still working D．have worked; are still working
答案：A 此题考查的是时态问题。从before引导的从句中的过去时态可知主句的时态应为过去完成时。故排除C、D。now一词提示用现在进行时，表示―他们一直工作了一周‖，强调动作的连续。故答案为A。
4．The country life he was used to greatly since 1992. （05山东）
A．change B．has changed C．changing D．have changed
答案：B句中有since引导时间状语，这说明主句应为完成时，淘汰A、C。又因主语life为单数，淘汰D项，故选B。
5．With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth each year. （05山东）
A．is washing away B．is being washed away
C．are washing away D．are being washed away
答案：D句意为―随着更多森林被毁，每年有许多良田被冲‖。本题考查主谓一致及被动语态问题。a large quantity of /large quantities of 后既可以加不可数名词也可以加复数名词，其谓语动词与quantity的数保持一致。
6．--________David and Vicky ________married?
--For about three years．(2003北京)
A．How long were；being B．How long have；got
C．How long have；been D．How long did；get
答案C 从答语For about three years判断，该题问的是动作持续了多久，用现在完成时，排除A、D选项。get married强调的是结婚这一动作，不能延续，排除B。be married 表示已婚的状态，可以延续。
[命题角度]
动词时态须与句中时间状语一致。高考题常在题干中加入具体情景,以测试考生对动词时态知识的实际运用能力。
[应对策略]
敏锐捕捉时间标志词,并结合具体的语境,选择出正确的动词时态。
（二）根据主从句时态呼应的原则选择时态
7．When the old man to walk back to his house, the sun itself behind the mountain. （05湖北）
A．started; had already hidden B．had started; had already hidden
C．had started; was hiding D．was starting; hid 答案：A 此题考查的是时态问题。此题句意为―当老人开始往家走时，太阳已经下山了‖。太阳落山的动作发生在开始往家走之前，即从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。故选A。
8．--- What would you do if it tomorrow? （05全国）
--- We have to carry it on , since we’ve got everything ready .
A．rain B．rains C．will rain D．is raining
答案：B 在条件状语从句（if，as long as，even if）、时间状语从句（when，until，before，the moment…）中往往用一般现在时表示将来。
9．They on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we it as no good results have come out so far. （05江苏）A．had been working; are still working B．had worked; were still working C．have worked; were still working D．have worked; are still working 答案：A 此题考查的是时态问题。从before引导的从句中的过去时态可知主句的时态应为过去完成时。故排除C、D。now一词提示用现在进行时，表示―他们一直工作了一周‖，强调动作的连续。故答案为A。
10．As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when and see him. （05北京）
A．you will come B．will you come C．you come D．do you come
答案：A本题考查宾语从句的语序和时态。根据宾语从句应使用陈述语序，淘汰B、D 两项，又因为宾语从句come和see发生的时间为将来的动作就直接选用将来时态。只有在状语从句中才可以用一般现在时表示将来的动作，而宾语从句中不可，因此淘汰C。
[命题角度]
近年来的高考试题一般不再单纯考查主从句的时态呼应,而是将其放在真实的并且符合实际的语境中进行考查,也会结合强调结构等其它语法现象进行考查。
[应对策略]
在根据时态呼应原则解题时,要把握好以下几点:
①在时间、条件等状语从句中,用一般现在时态表示一般将来时态,一般过去时态表示过去将来时态,用现在完成时态表示将来完成时态。
②正确认定主句动词及从句动词两个动作发生的时间,并认真体会命题者所给出的语境。
③解答宾语从句与主句时态呼应题时,考生应熟知以下规则: 如果主句动词为现在时态,则从句动词可根据需要使用任何时态; 如果主句动词为过去时态,则从句动词须用合适的过去的某种时态(表示客观真理时使用一般现在时态)。
（三）根据具体的语言环境选择时态
11．Years ago we didn’t know this, but recent science_________ that people who don’t sleep well will soon get ill.（05广东）
A．showed B．will show C．has shown D．is showing
答案：C用现在完成时，关键词是recent。
12．The coffee is wonderful! It doesn’t taste like anything I before. （05全国卷II）
A．was having B．have C．have ever had D．had ever had 答案：C在句子的情景中,表示―从来没有尝过这么美味的咖啡‖。故选C
13．（05全国）The hero’s story differently in the newspapers.
A．was reported B．was reporting C．reports D．reported
答案：A句意为―那位英雄的故事与在报纸上报道的不一样‖。根据句意可判断英雄的事迹被报道为过去的事，所以用过去时的某个语态，排除C项；B、D两项为主动语态，不符合题干要求。
14．Now that she is out of job, Lucy ______ going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet. (04北京)
A．had considered B．has been considering
C．considered D．is going to consider
答案：B 根据所提供的情景but she hasn’t decided yet 说明了Lucy 还在考虑这件事，要用现在完成进行时，表示动作还在继续。
[命题角度]
近年来高考试题对时态考查的要求越来越高,大部分试题趋向情境化、实际化。
[应对策略]
捕捉信息,理解情境,综合运用,灵活答题。
主谓一致[Agreement]-高中英语语法精讲精练来源:未知| 作者:admin | 本文已影响1241 人
主谓一致Agreement
知识要点：
在英语的句子中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。如何判定，则要看句子的意思。多数情况下，根据句子的主语形式就能判定，但有的则要看整句的意思，及强调的内容。下面我们就常用的、易混的几种情况作一下解释。
1、以单数名词或代词、不定式、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：
1）The book is on the table.
2）He is reading English.
3）To work hard is necessary.（It is necessary to work hard.）
4）How you get there is a problem.
2、复数主语跟复数动词。如：
Children like to play toys.
3、在倒装句中，动词的数应和它后面的主语的数一致。如以here,there开头，be 动词与后面第一个名词一致。如：
1）There is a dog near the door.
2）There were no schools in this area before liberation.
3）Here comes the bus.
4）On the wall were two famous paintings.
5）Here is Mr Brown and his children.
4、and连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。如果主语后跟有with, together with, except, but, perhaps , like, including, as well as, no less than, more than, rather than等引起的短语，谓语动词仍与短语前的主语的形式保持一致。如：1）Jane, Mary and I are good friends.
【英语】高考英语总复习--英语语法填空 一、高中英语语法填空 1．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 A few months ________(early), Stephanie Heller, had finished her workout in the gym when she ________(notice)a woman in the parking lot struggling to bend down. Ms. Heller offered to help her. The woman blamed old age for her incapacity, ________(explain)that she was 70. But Ms. Heller was 71. "This woman felt every bit her age." she recalled. "I don't let age stop me. I need a good mood, really. I love singing and dancing with all the young friends I ________ (make)over the years. I'm only as old as I feel." Each of us has ________actual age, the number we celebrate on birthdays. But some 50-, 60-and 70-year-olds look and feel ________(youth), while others do not. Scientists measure these differences by looking at age-related things like skin elasticity, blood pressure and so on, finding some ________(connect)among them. People ________a healthy lifestyle and a fortunate genetic inheritance(继承)tend ________(score) "younger" on these assessments. When scientists ask, "How old do you feel, most of the time?" the answer can reflect the state of people's physical and mental health. The age given is a virtual one, ________is called "subjective age". 【答案】earlier；noticed；explaining；have made；an；youthful/young；connection/connections；with；to score；which 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，有的人看起来比实际年龄小，是因为健康的生活方式，好的遗传基因让人看起来更年轻，研究发现一个人的心态可以反应他的主观年龄。（1）考查形容词。根据后文的had finished过去完成时，可判断事情发生在过去之前，a few months earlier“几个月之前”，可以和过去完成时连用，故填earlier。 （2）考查时态。根系句子可知此处是从句谓语动词，此处考查固定句型had done…when(从句用一般过去时)刚做完某事突然就……，故填noticed。 （3）考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知此处是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语the woman和explain（解释）之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填explaining。 （4）考查时态。分析句子可知此处是定语从句谓语动词，根据下文的over the years(在过去几年里)判断该句为现在完成时，主语为I，故填have made。 （5）考查冠词。age的可数名词，此处是泛指，应用不定冠词，又actual是元音音素开头，故填an。 （6）考查形容词。此处应填形容词作为feel的表语，youth的形容词是young和youthful，故填young/youthful。 （7）考查名词。此处应填名词作为finding的宾语，connect的名词形式connection为可数名词，some可以理解为“一些/某个”，故此处可以用名词单数形式，也可用复数形式，故填connection/connections。 （8）考查介词。句意：拥有健康生活方式和好的遗传基因的人倾向于在这些评价中获得高分。分析句子可知此处应填介词，再结合句意表示“有”的介词是with，故填with。（9）考查非谓语动词。tend to do sth固定短语，“倾向于做某事”，故填to score。
高考英语语法专题复习 三、代词 知识要点： 代词是代替名词、名词短语或句子的词。代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、连接代词、关系代词等九类。 一、人称代词 人称代词在句中可以用作主语(用主格，如I, you, he, she, it, we, they, 等)和宾语(用宾格，如me, you, him, her, it, us, them等)： 人称代词的用法: 注：(1)在电话中或It is/was...that/who...强调句型中被强调部分做主语时，用主格： ---Is that Mr. Li? ---Yes. This is he. It’s I who did it. 这是我干的。 (2)单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格： “I’m tired.” “Me too.” “我累了。”“我也累了。”“Who wants this?” “Me.” “谁要这个？”“我要。” (3)有时用主格或宾格会导致意思的变化： I like you better than he. 我比他更喜欢你。为I like you better than he likes you. I like you better than him. 我喜欢你胜过喜欢他。为I like you better than I like him. (4)人称代词的排列顺序：单数人称代词通常按“二三一”排列，即you, he and I； 复数人称代词通常按“一二三”排列，即 we, you and they：You, he and I are of the same age. 你，他和我都是同一年龄。 We , you and they are all good citizens. 我们，你们和他们都是好公民。 但若用于承担责任或错误等场合，则可把第一人称 I 置于其他人称代词之前： Tom and I hope to go there. 汤姆和我想去那儿。I and Tom are to blame. 我和汤姆该受批评。 但是，you and I 是固定结构，语序通常不宜颠倒。 (5)人称代词后跟名词同位语。有些人称代词后有时可跟同位语： These small desks are for us students. 这些小课桌是给我们学生的。 We girls often go to the movies together. 我们女孩子常一起去看电影。 He asked you boys to be quiet. 他要你们男孩子安静些。 二、物主代词 物主代词分形容词性物主代词(my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their)和名词性物主代词(mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs)。形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，置于名词前，作定语；名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语：His son is taller than hers. 他的儿子比她的儿子高。 Ours is a great country. 我们的国家是一个伟大的国家 Her son is a friend of ours. 她的儿子是我们的朋友。 This is your pen. Mine is in the box. 这是你的铅笔，我的在铅笔盒里。 注：(1) a friend of mine (ours, yours, hers, his, theirs)结构 (2) 物主代词与own 连用。表强调。也可用of one’s own置于名词后作定语： Mind your own business. 别管闲事。
高考英语语法复习专题（2）名词性从句(附参考答案) 1、名词性从句中连接词的运用 名词性从句中的连接词有连词that / whether / as if，连接代词what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。 （1）that的用法。 ①主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。如： That they are good at English is known to us all. The problem is that we don’t have enough money. She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day. ②宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：（A）当that 从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略；（B）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，that不能省；（C）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。如：He judged that,because he was a child, he did not understand wine Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. ③that从句作主语和宾语时，可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。 (A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/surprising that… （B）It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that ...（C）It is said/reported/ believed/known/thought/suggested that … （D）It seems/happens that。如： It happened that I went out last night. It is said that China will win in the World Cup. ④that和what的区别。 that 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不以当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的先行词+ 关系代词即常说的先行词+ that。如： It’s shame that he has made such a mistake. Do what he says. ⑤同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别。 同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词that在句中做宾语或主语，宾语与先行词有修饰关系。如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词that而不能用which.同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后解释名词的含义或内容，如以下名词：news、fact、suggestion、truth、plan、belief、doubt、possibility、idea等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。如： They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.(同位语从句) The hope she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.（定语从句） 选择填空 1._____________ you have done might do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This 2. They have no idea at all ____________. A. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place he has gone D. where he has gone 3. _____________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who 4. _____________ the Games will be held in Beijing is not known. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 5. _____________ you like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 6. _____________ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 7. —Do you remember ____________ he came? —Yes, I do, he came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if 8. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _____________ shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 9. ____________ we can’t get seems better than ____________ we have. A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what 10. _____________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 11. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____________ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
一 第二节语法填空(共10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分15 分) Once there lived a rich man 31 wanted to do something for the people of his town. 32 first he wanted to find out whether they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed 33 very large stone. Then he 34 (hide ) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow. “Who put this stone in the centre of the road? ”said the d o i l d d n m o a t n t r,y b t u o t r h e e m o v e the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way. 35 man came along and did the same thing; then another came ,and another. All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove 36 . Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 37 (say) to himself: “Thenight 38 (be) very dark. Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone. ”Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 39 (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 40 the stone, he found a bag of money. 第二节语法填空 31. who 32. But 33. a 34. hid 35. Another 36. it 37. saying 38. will be 39. strength 40. Under 二 第二节：语法填空（共10小题，每小题 1.5分，满分15分） The Internet is an amazing information resource. Students, teachers, and researchers use it as __31_ investigative tool. Journalists use it to find information for stories. Doctors use it to learn more about unfamiliar diseases and the 32_ (late) medical development. Ordinary people use it for shopping, banking, bill-paying, and communicating with family and friends. People all over the world use it to connect with individuals from _33 countries and cultures. However, __34____there are many positive developments __35__ (associate) with the Internet, there are also certain fears and concerns. __36___ concern relates to a lack of control over__37__ appears on the Internet. With television and radio there are editors to check the accuracy or appropriateness of the content of programs, and with television there are 38 (restrict) on what kinds of programs can __39__ (broadcast) and at what times of the day. With the Internet, parents cannot check a published guide to determine what is suitable __40____ their children to see. 第二节语法填空（共10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分15 分） 31. an 32. latest 33.other/different 34. while 35.associated 36. One 37. what 38. restrictions 39. be broadcast(ed) 40.for 三 第二节：语法填空(共10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分15分) Crying marriage? 31 (surprise), isn ’t it? Factually, the custom of crying marriage existed a long time ago in many areas of Southwest China ’Ssichuan Province, and 32 (remain) in fashion 33 the end of the Qing Dynasty. Though not so popular as before, the custom is still observed by people in many places, especially Tujia people, who view it as a 34 (necessary) to marriage procedure. It is very much 35 same in different places of the province. According to elderly people, every bride had to cry at the wedding. 36 , the bride ’nesighbors would look down upon 37 as a
高考英语语法填空专题练习含答案 阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号的相应位置. 〔1〕 In the United States, there were 222 people 1.__________〔report〕to be billionaires〔亿万富翁〕in 2003. The 2.__________of these is Bill Gates, worth at least $ 41 billion, who made his money 3. 4. 5. __________the time he was 6.__________, there are still some other people who have made lots of money at even 7.__________〔young〕ages. Other young people who have struck it rich include Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple. 8.__________of these child actors made over a million dollars 9.__________〔act〕in movies before they were 14. But 10. __________ youngest billionaire is Albert von Thurn und Taxis of Germany, who, in 2001, inherited 〔继承〕a billion dollars when he turned 18! 〔2〕 Finishing their shopping at the mall, a couple discovered that their new car 1.__________〔steal〕. They filed a report 2.__________the police station and a detective drove them 3.__________to the parking lot to look for evidence. To their 4.__________〔amaze〕, the car had been returned 5.__________there was a note in it that said: “I apologize for taking your car. My wife was having a baby and I had to rush her to the 6.__________. Please forget the inconvenience. There are two tickets 7.__________tonight's M ania Twain concert.” Their faith in humanity restored. The couple attended 8.__________concert. But when they returned home, they immediately found. 9.__________their house had been ransacked 〔洗劫〕. On the bathroom mirror was 10.__________note: “I have to put my kid through college somehow, don't I?” 〔3〕 People 1.__________〔live〕in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred 2.__________in the world. Each contains many thousands of words. A very large dictionary, for example, contains four 3.__________ five hundred thousand words. But we do not need 4.__________these. To read short stories you need to know only about two thousand words. 5.__________you leave school, you will learn only one thousand or more.
高考总复习——英语必考语法汇总 虚拟语气 1）概念 表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议等。可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句,非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况.通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。 2）虚拟语气的使用范围 主要用于if条件状语从句。也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。 3）法则：“后退一步法” 从句：①与过去事实相反，在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。 ②与现在事实相反，在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。 ③与将来事实可能相反，在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。 主句：用情态动词would, should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。 例：If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him. If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn’t go out. 4）If虚拟语气的具体分析： 1. 表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的用动词的过去式(或were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形。 1) If places ______ a like, there would be little need for geographers(地理学家).
（are） 2) If I _____ the meaning of the word, I wouldn't have to look it up.(know) 2. 表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句用过去完成时即had＋过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词。 We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we _____ him, A) would have telephoned B) must have telephoned C) would telephone D) had telephoned 3. 表示对将来实现的可能性很小的或不确定的假设。If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用动词过去式/were to / should +动词原形，主句用would / should /could/ might +动词原形。 Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she ______ a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often. (get) 4. 省略if 采用倒装语序的条件句 if条件句中如有were, should, had，可以省去if，将had , should, were等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构。（这种结构在口语中很少使用）。 Had he worked harder, he _____ the exams. (get through) 5）宾语从句中的虚拟语气 一、wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气。按“后退一步法”处理从句的谓语动词。 二、表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气从句中用“should + 动词原形”构成 三、would rather ＋从句,在这种结构中，从句的位于动词用过去形式表示虚拟。 6）主语从句中的虚拟语气
教育学习K12 高考感悟 1．(2013·北京高考)Hurry up! Mark and Carol ______ us. A．expect B．are expecting C．have expected D．will expect 2．(2013·陕西高考)On Monday mornings it usually ________ me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles. A．takes B．is taking C．took D．will take . 高考感悟 1．(2013·全国卷Ⅰ)When I first met Bryan I didn't like him, but I ________ my mind. A．have changed B．change C．had changed D．would change 2.Look at that little boy wandering about — perhaps he _____ his mother. A. will lose B. is losing C. had lost D. has lost 3. I ____ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the New Year. A. will play B. have played C. played D. play 高考感悟 1．(2013·江苏高考)—What about your self-drive trip yesterday? —Tiring! The road is being widened, and we ________ a rough ride. A．had B．Have C．would have D．have had 2．Could I have a table by the window? —Sorry, sir. All of them ________ . A．were booked B．had been booked C．are being booked D．have been booked 3. —I want to give Mary this gift. __ Oh, sorry. She ______. A. left B. has left C. leaves D. had left 4. ___You seem to be familiar with London. ___I ________ there for three years. It's great to be back. A．lived B．had lived C．have lived D．live 高考感悟 1．(2013·辽宁高考)He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he ________ it for a very long time. A．has had B．had had C．has D．had 2．(2013·安徽高考)I'm calling about the apartment you ________ the other day. Could you tell me more about it? A．advertised B．had advertised C．are advertising D．will advertise 3. __ I’ve brought a box of chocolates for our daughter. —Oh, how good a dad! But she doesn’t like sweet things. _____ that? A. Don’t you know B. Haven’t you know C. Didn’t you know D. Hadn’t you know n
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总 一、冠词The Article 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library. A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如： a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine. 2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： Where is the teacher? Open the window, please. 3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如： There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby was thin. 4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如：
高中英语语法填空练习（24篇） 阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号的相应位置。 （1） In the United States, there were 222 people 1.__________（report）to be billionaires（亿万富翁）in 2003. The 2.__________of these is Bill Gates, worth at least $ 41 billion, who made his money 3.__________starting the company Microsoft. Mr. Gates was only 21 years old 4.__________he first helped to set up the company in 1976. He was a billionaire 5. __________the time he was 6.__________, there are still some other people who have made lots of money at even 7.__________（young）ages. Other young people who have struck it rich include Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple. 8.__________of these child actors made over a million dollars9.__________（act）in movies before they were 14. But10.__________ youngest billionaire is Albert von Thurn und Taxis of Germany, who, in 2001, inherited （继承）a billion dollars when he turned 18! （2） Finishing their shopping at the mall, a couple discovered that their new car 1.__________（steal）. They filed a report 2.__________the police station and a detective drove them 3.__________to the parking lot to look for evidence. To their 4.__________（amaze）, the car had been returned 5.__________there was a note in it that said: “I apologize for taking your ca r. My wife was having a baby and I had to rush her to the 6.__________. Please forget the inconvenience. There are two tickets 7.__________tonight's Mania Twain concert.” Their faith in humanity restored. The couple attended8.__________concert. But when they returned home, they immediately found. 9.__________their house had been ransacked （洗劫）. On the bathroom mirror was 10.__________note: “I have to put my kid through college somehow, don't I?” （3） People 1.__________（live）in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred 2.__________in the world. Each contains many thousands of words. A very large dictionary,
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 高考英语语法总复习(共15个专题附练习及答案) 语法复习专题一——名词.①抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。 如：一、考点聚焦抽象名词（不可数）具体化（个体名词，可数名词）1.可数名词单、复数变化形式in surprise 惊讶地a surprise 一件令人惊讶的事（1）规则变化。 win success 获得成功a success 一个(件)成功的人(事)①单数名词词尾直接加-s。 如：boy — boys, pen — pens。 win honor 赢得荣誉an honor 一个(件)引以为荣的(事)①以 s、x 、ch 、sh 结尾的单词一般加-es。 如：glass —glasses,box—boxes,Failure(失败)is the mother of successa failure 失败者watch —watches, brush —brushes。 失败是成功之母。 特例：stomach — stomaches。 by experience 靠经验an experience 一次经历①以”辅音字母+ y”结尾的变“y”为“i”再加“-es”。 如：youth 青春a youth 一个青年人baby — babies, lady —ladies, fly — flies。 have pity on sb.怜悯某人a pity 可惜的事情①以“o”结尾的多数加-es。 1/ 146