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IBT托福_写作部分常用句型词组

IBT托福_写作部分常用句型词组
IBT托福_写作部分常用句型词组

TOEFL写作整理

首段写法:

1.背景句:(1)定义法句型:适用于物做主题的句型。

Topic, a/an+同位语(表本质)+定语从句,has become/ been popular/

indispensable/ essential/ crucial in people’s daily life(in every corner of

people’s life). (has aroused/ attached much attention/ popularity)

(2) 背景法:适用于各种句型。

a. It is generally/ commonly/ universally acknowledged that+主题+has

become/played an important/ significant/ essential/ indispensable role/

part in every corner of people's daily life.

b. Nowadays, it is fiercely/ popularly/ commonly/ widely/ universally

debated/ disputed/ discussed/ controversial/ debatable/ disputable/+about

that+主题。

c .伴随状语:With the considerable dramatic development/ advancement/

progress/ improvement/ promotion of/ in+(科学、教育、经

济、社会、安全),an increasing/ growing/ rising number/

amount of+主题+has/ have aroused/ attached public

concern.

d.倒装句:Recently/ presently/ currently, there is a popular debate/

argument/ dispute,/ controversy/ discussion about that/whether+

从句

e.被动句:Contemporarily/ in recent years, a great emphasis/ concern/

attention has been placed/ put on/ to+主题。

2. 过渡句:原则:改写题目观点。

方法:1.换词:同义词替代、词性转换。

2.换句型:主被动转换、强调句型、倒装句型。

常用句型:1. There is a perception/ perspective considering that……

2. Some people claim/ suggest/ indicate/ present that……,while

others argue/ proclaim/ advocate that……

3. Some people put/ hold that……,while a counter-argument presents

that……/while others object to/ reject it.

3. 主题句:表明立场:支持、反对、让步。

pros:(1)I completely/ extremely agree that……

(2)I am convinced that……

(3)I subscribe to the notion that……

(4)I concede to the opinion that……

(5)It is possible for me to accept that……

(6)It is obvious/ conspicuous/ apparent/ prominent/ reasonable that……

(7)There is much evidence to show that……

(8)There is a considerable possibility to support that……

cons:(1)I firmly/ totally disagreed that……

(2)I am unconvinced/ not convinced that……

(3)It’s difficult/ impossible for me to accept that……

(4)It’s unbelievable/ inconceivable/ incredible that……

(5)It’s unjustifiable/ unreasonable to say that……

(6)There is little/ no evidence to show/ support/ that……

(7)There is a slight possibility/ like hood/ probability that……

让步立场:(1)Although……have/ has certain positive effects in……to……,the negative

impacts in ……appears more prominent/ influential/

conspicuous.

(2)Although……have/ has certain positive effects in……to……,the negative

impacts in ……can never/ by no means / on no account be

ignored/ neglected.

(3)Although……have/ has certain positive effects in……to……,by no

means/ on no account/can the negative impacts in……be

ignored/ neglected.

(4)Although……have/ has certain positive effects in……to……,its negative

impacts in……have/ has/ receive/ arouse the priority.

中间段写法:

结构:a. Main idea.(one sentence only)

b. supporting sentences(3~4 sentences)

Main ideas:支持立场:正+正+正

反对立场:反+反+反

让步立场:正+反+反

Main idea 1: It can be noted that……

It is quite normal/usual/possible/common that……

It is not unbelievable/incredible/inconceivable that……

It is undoubted that/undeniable/indisputable that……

It is universally acknowledged that……

It is obvious/apparent/prominent/identifiable/conspicuous that……

Main idea 2: Meanwhile, there is no doubt that……

(Positive) Additionally, there is no denying the fact that……

In addition, there is much evidence to show/indicate/support that……

Furthermore, there is a considerable possibility/like hood/probability that……

Another significant factor to support/highlight……is that……

Main idea 3: Despite its importance/significance, I tend to concede that……

(Negative) On the negative side, we must admit/accept that……

By contrast, it has been agreed / admitted that……

In comparison, we have to recognize the fact that……

However, the strongest argument against……is that……

On the contrary, it can’t be neglected / ignored that……

Supporting ideas: Explaining解释法

Extending推理法

Exemplifying 举例论证法

Contrasting 正反对比论证法

Sorting 分类论证法

1.解释法:即解释中心句的具体含义:what/how/why

常用词:Precisely/specifically更精确的说

That is to say,

By this I mean that……

In other words,……

To be more precise,……

Here I am referring to the fact that……

2.推理法:即假如之上条件成立,会得出什么样的结果

常用词:In this case/sense,

If this is the case,

Indeed/in fact/actually/in actual fact

Naturally/apparently/obviously/prominently/remarkably/identificably,……

Generally/definitely/undoubtedly,……

Under the circumstance of……

With the importance/appearance/positive effect/impacts/influences of……

3. 举例论证法:即用具体的人或事来证明这一理论或观点。

常用词:Such as/just like/just as/namely/including/especially/particularly/

Peculiarly+短语(n.)

For example/instance, take……as an example/illustration+句子

A typical/standard/reasonable/identifiable example of this is that……举例不宜情况:不要列举数据,除非表明出处——数据应模糊化。

不要写自己或朋友的生活经历——个人改为整体、

中国式的例子(古代名人、事迹或现象)——个别现象应该为普遍现象。总结:举例要有概括性,不能太具体。

4.正反对比论证法:即把中心句分成正反两方面对比论证。

常用词:In comparison, by/I n contrast

On the contrary, on the other hand/side

On the counter part, however/nevertheless/contrarily

5. 分类法:即将论点按一定标准分类说明。

常用词:首先:initially/on the one hand/first of all/in the first place/to begin with

其次:subsequently/on the other hand/in addition/for another

thing/following this

再次:besides/additionally/moreover/furthermore

结论段:

原则:总结主体部分main ideas:

1.重申立场

2.提出建议或解决办法

3.让步法总结分支观点

4.不要加入新观点

结尾常用连贯词:In conclusion/summary/brief/short/general/a word

To conclude/sum up/summarize

Briefly/consequently/finally/ultimately/overall

重申法句型:1. To sum up, from what has been discussed/analyzed above, we may safely draw(reach/come to/arrive at), the conclusion that……

In summary, taking into account all these factors,……

Consequently, judging from all evidence offered,……

2. In brief, all the evidence (analyze) supports (justifies/confirms/warrants/points to)

an unshakable/unmistakable conclusion that……

建议法句型:1. It is high time that……placed(put/attached) great(special/considerable) emphasis on the improvement(development/advancement/increase/promotion/progress)

of……(主题)

2. There is little doubt (no denying the fact) that serious

(special/adequate/immediate/further) attention/concern must be

called(paid/devoted) to doing……

让步法句型:1.Indeed, A is superior to B in ……,but A pales as compared with B in ……

2.Despite/in spite of the fact that A has made a great difference/contribution to……

(has given variety/rise/a push to……),it means/sounds nothing when compared

with B in some aspects.

3.Although……has some/certain positive effects in……,its negative impacts

appear more prominent in……

格式:顶格写;段落之间空一行。

高考英语常用词组

All(a.,pron.&n.) all by oneself 独立,单独 above all 首先,特别是,最重要的是after all 到底,毕竟 first of all 首先 in all 总共 most of all 最最 all at once 突然,同时,马上 all of a sudden 突然 all right 好吧,行,情况不错 all sorts of 各种各样的 all kinds of 各种各样的 all the best 万事如意 all the more 更加 all the same 尽管如此,仍旧(照样)all the year round 一年到头 AS(conj.,adv.& pron.)as…as…与。。。。。。一样 as a matter of fact 事实上 as a rule 通常 as a result 结果 as a whole 总的来说 as if(as though) 好象 as follows 如下 as for 就。。。。。。而言 as(so) long as 只要 as soon as 一。。。。。。就 as soon as possible 尽快 as usual 象往常一样 as well 也,还 as well as 同。。。。。。一样 might(may) as well 不妨 so as to 以便 At(prep.) at a time 一次,每次 at breakfast 早餐时,正在吃早饭 at first 最初 at home 在家 at last最后,终于 at least 至少 at (the) most至多,不超过 at one time 以前,曾经 at once 立刻,马上 at night 在夜里,在晚上 at midnight 在半夜 at present 目前,现在 at times有时候 at sea在大海上,在航行 at one’s own expense 自费 at the bottom 在底端 at the end (of) 最后,尽头at the latest 最迟 at the mercy of 在……的支配下 at the head of 在……的前头 at the moment 此刻 at the same time 同时 at work 在工作 laugh at 嘲笑 throw at向……扔去 work hard at 努力工作(学习) By(prep.) by accident偶然地 by air(sea,bus…)乘飞机(乘船,乘公共汽车……) by chance 碰巧,偶然地 by day(night) 在白天(夜晚) day by day 一天天地 by and by 不久 by far得多,最最 learn (know)by heart 记熟,背诵 by mistake 错误地,由于疏忽所致 by oneself 独自地 one by one 一个一个地 by the way 顺便说(问) by turns 轮流 side by side 肩并肩,并排,一起 by the side of 在……附近 Break(v.) break away from 摆(逃)脱,脱离,改掉,破除 break down (机器、车辆等)坏了,(身体)垮了,中断,压倒,分解 break forth 迸发,突然 break in 强行进入,插嘴,打岔,使驯服,使习惯 break into破门而入,打断,占用 break off突然停止(中断),打断,折断break out爆发,突然发生 break through 突破,打破 break up 散会,驱散,停课,腐蚀,打破Bring(v.) bring about 引起,实现,使发生 bring down 使倒下,使下降,击落,推翻bring forth 引起,使产生 bring in 收(庄稼),提出,(使)得到(收入),引入,增加,把。。。。。。扯起来 bring on 使发生,引起 bring out 说明,阐明,出版 bring to an end 结束 bring up 提出,抚养,培养,呕吐 Call(v.) call at (a place) 访问(某地)

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10. All evidence … 11. leads me to conclude that… 12. 13. fact that… A. … 2.as A is, … For one thing, it … For another, it… 3.The effect of 4.Although A advantage …, it cannot compete with B in… 5.A’s advantage when B’s advantages are

is 7. Although everyone believes that … I 8. I that … 9. Although the is that … 10. to …is , one may still wonder whether …is fair. 11. They may be right about … the fact that … 12. Although it is that … , it is unlikely to be true that … 13. but that … 14. It would be to that …, that …to believe that … 15. reason for us to that …

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