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CMM CMMI术语缩写一览表

CMM CMMI术语缩写一览表
CMM CMMI术语缩写一览表

术语一览表(按字母排序)

AB= Ability to perform (CMM KPA comon feature) AC=Activities to perform (CMM KPA comon feature

AD/Software Group=Application Development

AE=Adaptive Enterprise (HP) RTI AI=Assessment Instrument

APW=Action Planning Workshop

ARC=Appraisal Requirements for CMMI

ATQG=Aassessor Training and Qualifications Guide (ISO SPICE) ATW=Actiion Team Workshops

BAM=Business Activity Monitoring

BI=Business Intelligence

Bpel=Business Process Execution Language

BPFBPG=Baseline Practice Guide (ISO SPICE)

BPM=Business Process Management

BPM=Busiiness Process Maturity

BPMM=Business Process Maturity Mode

BPO=Business Process Outsourcing

BPR=Business Process Redesign

BSI=British Standards Institute (standard BS 15000) https://www.doczj.com/doc/d218090147.html,

CAPM=Certified Associate in Project Management

CAR=Causal Analysis and Resolution (CMMI process area)

CBA=CMM-Based Assessment

CBA IPI=CMM-Based Assessment for Internal Process Improvement

CBP=Competency Based Practices

CCB=Configuration Control Board

C-Commerce

CDG=Capability Determination Guide (ISO SPICE)

CEP=Complex Event Processing

CEU=Continuing Education Units

CII=Confederation of Indian Industries

CM=Configuration Management

CMM=Capability Maturity Model (also referred to as SWCMM). A model for improving the capability of software organizations.

CMMI=Capability Maturity Model-Integration (published by the Software engineering Institute at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh) https://www.doczj.com/doc/d218090147.html,/sei-home.html

(integrates 3 source models the SW CMM, SE CMM and the IPD-CMM)

CMU=Carnegie Mellon University

CO=Committement to perform (CMM KPA common feature)

COBit=Control Objectives for Information and Related Technology

COCOMO II=COnstructive COst MOdel II is a model that allows one to estimate the cost, effort, and schedule when planning a new software development activity.

CO=Commitment to Perform

COTS=Commercial off-the-shelf

CPM=Corporate Permormance Monitoring

CRADA=Cooperarive Research and Development Agreement

CRD=Career Recommendations Development

CRM=Customer Relationship Management

DAR=Decision Analysis and Resolution (CMMI process area)

DBA=Database Administrator

DELLTA=Danish Electronics Light & Acoustics

DI=Directing Implementation

DoD=Department of Defense

DP=Defect Prevention (CMM Process area)

DTIZC=Defense Technical Information Center

EAI=Enterprise Application Integration

EDA=Event Driven Architecture

EIA=Electronic Industries Alliance

EIT=Enterprise Information Integration

ELG=Executive Leadership Group

EPG=Engineering Process Group

EPIG=Engineering Process Improvement Group

ERP=Enterprise Resource Planning

ESB=Enterprise Service Buses

ESP=External Service Providers

ETL=Extraction Transformation Loading

ETVX format=Enty criteria, Tasks, Verification, and eXit criteria (CMMI) FAR=Functional Area Representative (term used in some assessments) FP=Function Point

FTE=Full-time Equivalent (measure of personnel availability)

GAO=General Accounting Office

GESP=Global External Service Providers

GG=Generic Goal

GP=Generic Practice

G-Q-M Approach=Goal Queston Metric technique

IC=Intergroup Coordination (CMM process Area)

IDEAL=Initiating-Diagnosing-Establishing-Acting-Leveraging; an improvement cycle often used for process improvement

IEC=International Electrotechnical Commission

IEEE=Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.. A professional organization

IESP=Indian External Service Providers

IG=Introductory Guide (ISO SPICE)

IM=Integrated Management (CMM process area)

IPD-CMM=Integrated Product Development Capability Maturity Model

IPM=Integrated Project Management (CMM process area)

IPPD=Integrated Product and Process Development

IPI=Internal Process Improvement

IPT=Integrated Product Team

ISACA=Information Systems Audit and Control Association https://www.doczj.com/doc/d218090147.html,

ISM=Integrated Software Management (CMM process area)

ISM=Integrated Supplier Management (CMMI process area)

ISO=International Organization fro Standardization (International Standards Organization)

IT=Integrated Teaming (CMM process area)

ITIL=Information Technology Infrastructure Library

JAD=Joint application design

JIT=Just in Time

JTCI=Joint Technical Committee on Information Technology KGI=Key Goal Indicators

KIPA=Korean IT Industry Promotion Industry

KP=Key practice

KPI's=Key Performance Indicator

KPA=Key Process Area

KSLOC=thousand source lines of code

MA (M&A)=Measurement and Analysis (CMM process area) MBNQA=Malcom Bridge National Quality Award

MDD=Method Description Document

ME=Measurement and Analysis (CMM KPA common feature) MOA=Memorandum of Agreement

MOM=Message Orientated Middleware

MQ=Maturity Questionnaire

MSG=Management Steering Group

MSMO=Microsoft Message Queue Server

MTBF-Mean Time Between Failures

OEI=Organizational Environment for Integration (CMMI process area)

OID=Organizational Innovation and Deployment (CMMI process area)

OO=Object Orientated

OOA&D=Object Orientated Analysis & Design

Ooda=Observe-Orient-Decide-Act

OPD=Organization Process Definition (CMM process area Level 3 KPA)

OPF=Organizational Process Focus (CMM process area Level 3 KPA)

OPF=Organizational Process Focus (CMMI process area)

OPM3=Organizational Project Management Model (Published by PMI in January, 2004)

OPP=Organizational Process Performance (OPF=Organizational Process Focus (CMMI process area)

OSSP=Organization's Set of Standart Practices

OT=Organizational Training OPF=Organizational Process Focus (CMMI process area)

OUSD/AT&L=Office of the Under Secretary of Defense, Acquisition , Technology and Logistics

PA=Process Area

PAIS=Process Appraisal Information Systems (Record of Entry Form for CBA IPIs) PAG=Process Assessment Guiide (ISO SPICE)

PAT=Process Action Team

PC=Process Change (Management (CMM Level 5 KPA)

PCA's=Pacaged Composite Applications

PCAR=People CMM Assessment Repository (Record of Entry Form for a PCMM Assessment)

PCB's=Process Capability Baselines-a documented characterization of the range of expected results

PCM=Process Change Management (CMM Level 5 KPA)

PCMM=People Capability Maturity Model (CMM Level 3 KPA)

PD=(Organization) Process Definition

PDCA=Plan-Do-Check-Act; an improvement cycle often used for process improvement

PDU=Professional Development Unit

PE=(Software) Project Engineering (CMM Level 3 KPA)

PF=(Organization) Process Focus (CMM Level 3 KPA)

PI=Product Integration

PII=Process Improvement Indicator

PII=Practice Implementation Indicators

PIID=Practice Implementation Indicator Data (used for SCAMPI)

PIG=Process Improvement Guide (ISO SPICE)

PIP=Packaged Integration Processes

PM=Project Management

PMAT=appears in COCOMO II model shows the benefit of process maturity on and estimate of effort for a software project. CMM Level 2 to Level 3 noted improvements. 4-11%

PMBoK=Product Management Body of Knowledge

PMC=Project Monitoring and Control (CMMI process area)

PMC=Process Management Capability

PMI=Project Management Institute

PMM=People Maturity Model

PMM=Process Maturity Model

PMP=Project Management Professional

PMO=Project Management Office

PP=(Software) Project Planning (CMM Level 2 KPA)

PP=Project Planning

PI=Product Integration (CMMI process area)

PPBs=Process Performance Baselines-a documented characterization of the actual results achieved by following a process.

PPM=Process Performance Model (CMMI)

PPQA=Process and Product Quality Assurance (CMMI process area) PSM= Practical Software and Systems Management

PSM= Practical Software and Systems Measurement (https://www.doczj.com/doc/d218090147.html,) PSP/TSP=Personal Software Process/Team Software Process

PT=(Software) Project Tracking (and Oversight) (CMM Level 2 KPA) PTO=Project Tracking and Oversight (CMM Level 2 KPA)

QA=(Software) Quiality Assurance (CMM Level 2 KPA)

QFD=Quality Function Deployment

QM=(Software) Quality Management (CMM Level 4 KPA)

OO=Object Orientated

Ooa&D=Object Orientation Analysis and Design

QP=Software Quality Process (Management (CMM Level 4 KPA)

OPD=Organizational Process Defiinition

QPM=Quantitative Process Management (CMM process area)

QPM=Quantitative Project Management (CMMI process area)

RAI=Research Access Inc.

RD=Requirements Development (CMMI process area)

RE=Requirements Engineering

REQM=Requirements Management (CMMI process area)

RM=Requirements Management (CMM Level 2 KPA)

RM=Risk Managment

ROI=Return On Investment

RPG=Report Program Generator

RSKM=Risk Management (CMMI process area)

RTE=Real Tme Enterprise

RTI=Real Time Infrastructure

RTM=Requirements Traceability Matrix

SA-CMM=Software Acquisition Capability Maturity Model

SAM=Supplier Agreement Management (CMMI process area)

Software Acquisition Management (CMM process area)

SAP=Over the course of three decades, SAP has evolved from a small, regional enterprise into a world-class international company. Today, SAP is the global market leader in

collaborative, inter-enterprise business solutions. The company now employs over 28,900 people

SC7=Subcommittee 7 (ISO JTC1 subcommittee on software engineering)

SCAMPI=Standard CMMI Appraisal Method for Process Improvement

SCCB=Software Configuration Control Board

SCE=Software Capability Evaluations

SCM=Software Configuration Management (CMM Level 2 KPA) SDD=Software Design Document

SDF=Software Development File

SDLC=Software Development Life Cycle

SDP=Software Development Plan (also known as Project Plan) SE CAMM=Software Engineering Capability Assessment Model SECM=Software Engineering Capability Model

SE CMM=Software Engineering Capability Maturity Model

SEI=Software Engineering Institute (at Carnegie Mellon University) SEPG=Software Engineering Process Group

SEPI=Systems Engineering Process Initiative

SERP=Software Engineering Process Group

SG=Specific Goal

SLA=Service Level Agreement

SLOC=Source Line of Code

SM=Senior Management

SM=(Software) Subcontract Management (CMM Level 2 KPA)

SME=Subject Matter Expert

SOA=Service Orientated Architecture

SOAP=Simple Object Access Protocol

SOW=Statement of Work

SP=Specific Practice

SPA=Software Process Assessment (SEI project; now CMM-based appraisals) software process assessment (method)

SPC=Statistical Process Control

SPC=Software Product Consortium

SPE=Software Product Engineering (CMM Level 3 KPA)

SPI=Software Process Improvement

SPICE=Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination

SPIN=Software Proess Improvement Network

SPM=Software Process Mearurement (SEI project)

SPP=Software Process Program; Software Project Planning (CMM Level 2 KPA)

SPPT=Software Project Tracking and Oversight (CMM process area)

SPTO=Software Project Tracking and Oversight

SQA=Software Quality Assurance (CMM Level 2 KPA)

SQM=Software Quality Management (CMM Level 4 KPA)

SRS=Software Requirements Specification (also known as Requirements Document)

SS=Supplier Sourcing

SSM=Software Subcontract Management (CMM Level 2 KPA)

STP=Straight Through Processing

SW-CMM=Software Capability Maturity Model

TC176=Technical Committee 176 (ISO technical committee on quality managemetn systems)

TCM=Technology Change Management

TCO=Total Cost of Ownership

TM=Technology (Change) Management (CMM Level 5 KPA)

TP=Training Program (CMM Level 3 KPA)

TQM=Total Quality Management TQM can be defined as the application of quantitative methods and human resources to improve the materials and services provided as inputs to an organization an to improve all of the processes within the organization. The goal of TQM is to meet the needs of the customer, now and in the future.

TS=Technical Solution

TTM=Time to Market

TTT=Train the Trainer

TVO=Total Value of Opportunity

UAN=Universal Application Network

UAT=user Acceptance Test

UDDI=Universal Desciption, Discovery and Integration

VAL=Validation (CMMI process area)

VB=Visual Basic

VE=Verifying implementation (CMM KPA common feature)

VER=Verification (CMMI process area)

WBS=Work Breakdown Structure

WG10=Working Group 10 (ISO/IEC JTC1/SC7 Working Group on software process assessment)

WG7=Working Group 7 (ISO/IEC JTC1/SC7 Working Group on software life cycle processes)

WiMAX=Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access. 802.11. 70MB Wireless connectivity over 30 miles

WP=Workforce Planning

WS=Web Services

WSDL=Web Services Descriptive Language

XML=Extensible Markup Language

xMM=Maturity Models for different business models (SW, I, P)

XSL=Extensible Stylesheet Language

ZLE=Zero Latency Enterprise

财务专业术语中英文对照表

财务专业术语中英文对照表 英文中文说明 Account Accounting system 会计系统 American Accounting Association 美国会计协会 American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会 Audit 审计 Balance sheet 资产负债表 Bookkeepking 簿记 Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测 Certificate in Internal Auditing 部审计证书 Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书 Certificate Public Accountant注册会计师 Cost accounting 成本会计 External users 外部使用者 Financial accounting 财务会计 Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会 Financial forecast 财务预测 Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则 General-purpose information 通用目的信息 Government Accounting Office 政府会计办公室 Income statement 损益表 Institute of Internal Auditors 部审计师协会 Institute of Management Accountants 管理会计师协会 Integrity 整合性 Internal auditing 部审计 Internal control structure 部控制结构 Internal Revenue Service 国收入署 Internal users部使用者 Management accounting 管理会计 Return of investment 投资回报 Return on investment 投资报酬 Securities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会

专业术语缩写

专业术语缩写 ERP Enterprise Resource Planning 企业资源计划 MRP Material Requirement Planning物料需求计划 SRP Single-material Requirement Planning单项物料需求计划BRP Batch-material Requirement Planning批量物料需求计划BOM Bill Of Material 物料清单 CAD Computer Aided Design 计算机辅助设计 CRM Customer Relationship Management客户关系管理 UFO User Friend Office用友报表 PMI Purchasing Managers’Index经理采购指数 SOA service-oriented architecture面向服务的体系结构 HCM human capital management人力资本管理 PLM Product Life-cycle Management产品生命周期管理 BI Business Intelligence商业智能 OA Office Automation 办公自动化 MA Management Automation管理自动化 SNS Social Networking Services社会性网络服务 MPS Master Production Schedule 主生产计划 LRP Logistics resource planning物流资源计划 DRP Distribution requirements planning配送需求计划 PDM Product Data Management产品数据管理 GMP Good Manufacturing Practice 良好作业规范

六西格玛术语中英文对照

六西格玛术语中英文对照 $k——Thousands of dollars千美元 $M——Millions of dollars百万美元 % R & R——Gage % Repeatability and Reproducibility % 重复性和再现性ANOVA——Analysis Of Variance 方差分析 AOP——Annual Operating Plan年度运营计划 BB——Black Belt黑带 A process improvement project team leader who is trained and certified in the Six Sigma breakthrough methodology and tools, and who is responsible for project execution.经“六西格玛”方法论和工具使用培训并认证的过程改进项目的项目负责人,负责项目的执行。BOD——Board of Directors董事会 BPM——Business Process Management商业流程管理BTS——Breakthrough Technology Solution 突破性改进解决方案 C & E——Cause and Effects matrix因果矩阵 CAP——Change Acceleration Process加速变革流程 Capability——能力 The total range of inherent variation in a stable process. It is determined by using control charts data.在稳定过程中全部内在固有变化的改变范围。它由控制图的数据来确定。 CapabilityIndex——能力指数

(完整版)放疗专业术语中英文对照表

Chemntherapeutic agents 化学疗法 thus xue fiao fa) Chemothcrjipy 化学疔,Z (hija xue Aaa fa) hns the goal of killing or stopping rhe development nf rapidly dividing cells. Examples are Cisplatin, Carboplat in, Bkomycin I 博来霉嗪1 (ftd l3f Sg S-fltinrncjrao 5 氟尿瞪喘(ft/ HiAO m dfinfl), mrthotrExate 甲員媒时{Jia 的 did /ioffk Vincristine fifr chun xJTj/a^, Vinblastine 衣祚碱 (chang chun ;ian}. Taxol and Tawiuvirtn .木戟题(SSfi ben 阳ng 钠* Since the sanK nicchanism (hat kilh malignant cdl or blocks de vela pment of a malignant cell cm have similar effects on a nnrnuil, rap idly dividing celt any of LhcNt agents ciin hax r c btid side clfccts. Some terms of cancer ircitLcd with chemcthera 卩、may cjus,e ihe cancer (o "disappear

专业术语及常用缩写含义

机械专业术语Cylinder 气缸/顶缸 Shaft 导向轴 Linear_bushing 直线轴承 Slide_guide 直线导轨 Locating_Pin 定位销 Screw 螺栓 Spring 弹簧 Caster 脚轮 Tolerance 公差 Vacuum anemometer 压力开关 Lever 把手 Pull 拉手 Assembly drawing 装配图 Beam 横梁 Bending moment 弯矩 Bending stress 弯曲应力Chamfering 去角斜切 Channel 凹槽 Chattering 颤动 Coefficient of friction 摩擦系数Distortion 扭曲变形 Draft taper 拔模锥度 Draw out 拉拔 Fit tolerance 配合公差 Flexible rigidity 弯曲刚性 Hatching 剖面线 Plane strain 倒角应力 Repeated load 重覆载荷 Sketch 草图 Straightness 直度 Surface roughness 表面粗度 Tapping 攻螺丝 Toughness 韧性

Flap 盖板 Pointer chuck 指针筒 Mask 前框 Backcover 后壳 Nut 螺母 Screw cap 螺帽(用于盖住螺丝表面的小零件,多为塑料 制品,区别于螺母) 常见缩写 AP Advanced Purchaser APQP Advanced Product Quality Planning (先期产品质量策划) CAN Control Area Network CEOS CP Control plan DFMEA Design Failure Mode and Effects Analysis DTP Data to production DTC Design to cost DV Design Validation EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility (电磁兼容性) EOP End of Production FMEA Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (潜在失效模式分 析) FPC Flexible Printed Circult (柔性印刷线路板) FPY First Pass Yield (一次交检合格率) MCA M achine C apablity A nalysis (设备能力分析) MDS Master data system MES Manufacturing Execute System MFU Maschinenf?higkeitsuntersuchung

六西格玛(6σ)涵义

六西格玛(6σ)涵义 ■σ在统计学上的涵义 σ是希腊字母,英文表达sigma,汉语译音为“西格玛”。术语σ用来描述任一过程参数的平均值的分布或离散程度。 ■σ应用到商务或制造过程中的涵义 对商务或制造过程而言,σ值是指示过程作业状况良好程度的标尺。σ值越高,则过程状况越好。σ值用来测量过程完成无缺陷作业的能力,因为缺陷在任何情况下都会导致客户的不满意。换言之,σ值指示了缺陷发生的频度,σ值越高;过程不良品率越低。当σ值增大时,不良品率降低、品质成本降低,过程周期时间缩短,客户满意度提高。当σ值达到6时,即6σ的品质,表示“每百万单位只有3.4个不良率”,品质长期达标率为99.99966%。相对而言,当σ值只有3时,即3σ品质,表示“每百万单位有66807个不良品’,合格率为93.32%。 σ作为一种测量标尺,具有普遍的适用性,它测量的是“每单位缺陷数”,这个单位可以代表各种任务或实体,如:组件、原材料、表格、时间段、产品、一个小时的工作、一份文件等等。基于此,我们认为6σ可以作为一切工作、活动的基准。例如,我们说一部收音机具有3σ的品质,则说明它低于平均品质。一般地说,全球各大公司的产品、服务平均品质水平约为4σ,即合格率已达到99.37%,但是即使当σ值达到4时,以下事件仍然会持续在美国发生:每年有20,000次配错药事件,每年有超过15,000婴儿出生时会被抛落地

上,每年平均有9小时没有水、电、暖气供应,每星期有500宗做错手术事件,每小时有2000封信邮寄错误。可见,上述品质远远不能让客户满意。因此,6σ成为新的品质标准,成为全球各大公司追求的目标。 6σ品质理论融合了当代统计技术的最新成果,使评价过程能力和作业绩效成为可能,是评价每一个供应商、客户、产品或服务品质的基准。 ■6σ的引申涵义 6σ是追求“完美品质”的动力:6σ品质理论告诉我们目前自己产品、服务和过程的真实水准如何,最重要的是我们知道自己的努力方向和如何才能到达目的。换言之,6σ帮助我们建立了目标和测试客户满意度的标尺。我们知道,如果我们的过程具有的6σ能力时,可以肯定它是世界上最好的。由于大多数人不相信存在绝对的完美,因此当100万单位只有大约3件不良品出现的机会,我们认为是已经接近完美的品质。 6σ是一种竞争策略:它将极大地帮助我们在竞争中占取先机。原因很简单,当改进了过程之σ值,产品品质改善,客户满意度自然上升,成本下降;企业效益自然上升。 6σ是一种工作哲学:它提供了一种业务方法,特别是它能使工作更精确,使我们在做任何事时将失误降到最低。持续地发现和避免不利因素,σ值上升,表明过程能力的改善和缺陷的减少或消除。

专业术语中英文对照表

语文课程与教学论 名词术语中英文对照表 the Chinese Course and Teaching and Learning Theory in Chinese and English Teaching materials editing teaching materials /Chinese Teaching Materials /edit teaching materials /Uniformed Chinese Teaching Materials /Experimental Teaching Materials /Mother Tongue Teaching Materials /Teaching Materials of the New Course *textbook *reading book *teaching reference book *exercises book *studying plan Technology /Educational Technology /Modern Educational Technology /Educational Technology in Chinese Teaching /multi-media technology /net technology /cloud serving technology *white board *net meeting *chat room *blog Teaching Basic Theory of the Teaching teaching aim teaching task teaching objective teaching model teaching tactics teaching principle teaching program teaching reform teaching case Courseware teaching resources teaching experiment /mother tongue teaching A Term List of 1. 教材( JC ) 教材编写 /语文教材 /编写教材 / 统编教材 /实验教材 /母语教材 /新课程教材 * 课本 * 读本 * 教学参考书(教参) * 练习册 *学案 2. 技术( JS ) / 教育技术 /现代 教育技术 /语文 教育技术 /多媒 体技术 / 网络 技术 /云服务技 术 * 白板 *网 络会议 *聊天室 * 博克 3. 教学 (JX ) 教学基本理论 教学目的 教学 任务 教学目标 教学模式 教学 策略 教学原则 教学大纲 教学 改革 教学案例 教学课件 教学 资源 教学实验 /母语教学

货代常用术语缩写

船务术语简缩语:主要贸易术语: (1)FCA (Free Carrier) 货交承运人 (2)FAS (Free Alongside Ship) 装运港船边交货 (3)FOB (Free on Board) 装运港船上交货 (4)CFR (Cost and Freight) 成本加运费 (5)CIF (Cost,Insurance and Freight) 成本、保险费加运费 (6)CPT (Carriage Paid To) 运费付至目的地 (7)CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To) 运费、保险费付至目的地 (8)DAF (Delivered At Frontier) 边境交货 (9)DES (Delivered Ex Ship) 目的港船上交货 (10)DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay) 目的港码头交货 (11)DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid) 未完税交货 (12)DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) 完税后交货 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 主要船务术语简写: (1)ORC (Origin Recevie Charges) 本地收货费用(广东省收取) (2)THC (Terminal Handling Charges) 码头操作费(香港收取) (3)BAF (Bunker Adjustment Factor) 燃油附加费 (4)CAF (Currency Adjustment Factor) 货币贬值附加费 (5)YAS (Yard Surcharges)码头附加费 (6)EPS (Equipment Position Surcharges) 设备位置附加费 (7)DDC (Destination Delivery Charges) 目的港交货费 (8)PSS (Peak Season Sucharges) 旺季附加费 (9)PCS (Port Congestion Surcharge) 港口拥挤附加费 (10)DOC (DOcument charges) 文件费 (11)O/F (Ocean Freight) 海运费 (12)B/L (Bill of Lading) 海运提单 (13)MB/L(Master Bill of Lading) 船东单 (14)MTD (Multimodal Transport Document) 多式联运单据 (15)L/C (Letter of Credit) 信用证 (16)C/O (Certificate of Origin) 产地证 (17)S/C (Sales Confirmation)销售确认书(Sales Contract) 销售合同 (18)S/O (Shipping Order)装货指示书 (19)W/T (Weight Ton)重量吨(即货物收费以重量计费) (20)M/T (Measurement Ton)尺码吨(即货物收费以尺码计费) (21)W/M(Weight or Measurement ton)即以重量吨或者尺码吨中从高收费 (22)CY (Container Yard) 集装箱(货柜)堆场 (23)FCL (Full Container Load) 整箱货 (24)LCL (Less than Container Load) 拼箱货(散货) (25)CFS (Container Freight Station) 集装箱货运站 (26)TEU (Twenty-feet Equivalent Units) 20英尺换算单位(用来计算货柜量的多少) (27)A/W (All Water)全水路(主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式) (28)MLB(Mini Land Bridge) 迷你大陆桥(主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式)

六西格玛术语

六西格玛术语 ANOVA 方差分析:将因素对质量特性的影响与误差对质量特性的影响加以区分并做出估计,然后进行比较,分析、推断哪些因素或哪些因素间的交互作用对质量特性有显著影响。 Attribute Data 计数数据:通过计数得到的不能连续取值的离散型数据。Benchmarking 水平对比:将过程、产品和服务质量同公认的处于领先地位的竞争者进行比较,从而找到改进机会或确定突破目标。 Black Belt 黑带:来自企业各个部门,经过6西格玛改进过程和工具的全面培训,熟悉6西格玛改进过程,具有较强的组织与协调能力,指导或领导6西格玛改进项目的进行。 Bottom Line 底线:账面上的利润,是产品/服务的销售成本和费用的函数。Box - plot 箱线图:同时展示每个子群分布特征的5个统计量的坐标图。Business Culture 企业文化:区别于其他组织的价值、观点、期望、准则和行为。 Cause-Effect Diagram 因果图:也称“石川图”、“鱼刺图”,是揭示质量特性波动与潜在原因的关系,即表达和分析因果关系的一种图表。 Continuous Data 计量数据:通过测量得到的可任意取值的连续型数据。Continuous Improvement 持续改进:逐步的、永无止境的不断改进循环。Control Chart 控制图:以统计推断理论为基础,设置统计控制限,按时间坐标显示独立测量值、平均值或其他统计值的折线图。 COPQ (Cost Of Poor Quality)不良质量成本损失:由于缺陷或不良质量造成的成本损失。 CTQ (Critical to Quality)关键质量特性:满足关键的顾客要求或过程要求的产品或过程特性。 Defect 缺陷:不满足CTQ规范的任何事件。 DOE (Design of Experiment)实验设计:析因实验和相应的改进方法。DPMO (Defect Per Million Opportunity)百万缺陷机会缺陷数 DPO (Defect Per Opportunity)单位机会缺陷数 DPU (Defect Per Unit)单位缺陷数 FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis)失效模式与影响分析:用来分析产品或服务及其过程由于失效导致风险的方法。FTY (First Time Yield)首次产出率 Histogram 直方图:用宽度相同的矩形表示数据分布的图形工具。 KPIV (Key Process Input Variables)关键过程输入变量 Long – Term Capability 长期能力 Mini-Tab 6西格玛常使用的一种统计软件 MSA (Measure System Analysis)测量系统分析 Multi-Vari Chart 多变量图:直观地提供过程各影响因素之间的关系以及它们对过程输出影响的坐标图。 Null – Hypothesis 零假设,缩写为H0 Pareto Chart 排列图:也称帕累托图,由一个横坐标、两个纵坐标、几个按高低顺序排列的矩形和一条累积百分比折线组成的分析图表。 Process Mapping 过程图解 p-Value p值:偏离零假设的概率,是可能拒绝原假设而接受备择假设的显著性水平。 Regression Analysis 回归分析:变量间关系的分析方法。 R&R (Repeatability & Reproducibility)测量系统的重复性与再现性 RTY (Rolled Throughput Yield)滚动产出率 Run Chart 运行图:按时间坐标显示统计量的折线图。 QFD (Quality Function Deployment)质量功能展开:将顾客的语言转换为企业内部技术术语的工具。 Scatter Plot 散布图:研究两变量间相关性的图形工具。 Short – Term Capability 短期能力 SPC (Statistical Process Control)统计过程控制:用控制图监控和改进过程的方法。 SSD (Smart Simple Design)聪明简单设计 Team Charter 立项陈述报告 Top Line 顶线:真实表达顾客对企业满意的收入。 Z 西格玛水平:描述过程满足顾客要求能力的参数。 Zst (Z Short Term)短期西格玛水平/过程短期能力。 Zlt (Z Long Term)长期西格玛水平/过程长期业绩。

航空术语英文略写

航空术语英文略写 缩写 ABBREVIATION LIST A A/C air conditioning 空气调节 A/G air/ground A/L autoland 自动落地 A/P autopilot 自动驾驶 A/S airspeed 空速 A/T autothrottle自动油门, adjustment/test 调整/测试ABNORM abnormal 不正常的 AC alternating current 【电】交流电 ACARS ARINC Communications Addressing and Reporting System ACCEL acceleration, accelerate 使增速 ACM air cycle machine 空气循环机 ADC air data computer 大气资料电脑 ADF automatic direction finder 自动方位寻找器 ADI attitude director indicator 姿态指示器 ADP air driven pump, air driven hydraulic pump 气动液压泵ADV advance 推进 AFCS automatic flight control system 飞控系统 AGL above ground level 地标位 AI anti-ice 防冰 AIDS aircraft integrated data system 整合资料系统 AIL aileron 副翼 ALT altitude 高度 ALTM altimeter 高度计 ALTN alternate 交替的 ALTNT alternate 交替的 AMB ambient 环绕的 AMM Airplane Maintenance Manual 修护手册 ANN announcement 通告

各种专业名称英语词汇中英文对照表

各种专业名称英语词汇中英文对照表

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各种专业名称英语词汇中英文对照表 哲学Philosophy 马克思主义哲学Philosophy of Marxism 中国哲学ChinesePhilosophy 外国哲学ForeignPhilosophies ?逻辑学Logic?伦理学Ethics 美学Aesthetics 宗教学Science of Religion?科学技术哲学Philosophy of Science andTechnology?经济学Economics?理论经济学Theoretical Economics ?政治经济学PoliticalEconomy ?经济思想史History ofEconomic Thought ?经济史History of Economic 西方经济学WesternEconomics?世界经济World Economics ?人口、资源与环境经济学Population,Resources andEnvironmentalEconomics 应用经济学Applied Economics 国民经济学National Economics?区域经济学Regional Economics ?财政学(含税收学)Public Finance (includingTaxation) 金融学(含保险学) Finance (including Insurance)?产业经济学Industrial Economics ?国际贸易学International Trade 劳动经济学Labor Economics ?统计学Statistics ?数量经济学Quantita tive Economics ?中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称 国防经济学National Defense Economics?法学Law 法学Science of Law ?法学理论Jurisprudence?法律史Legal History ?宪法学与行政法学Constitutional Law and Administrative Law 刑法学Criminal Jurisprudence 民商法学(含劳动法学、社会保障法学)Civil Law and Commercial Law (i ncluding Science of LabourLawand Science ofSocial Sec urityLaw)?诉讼法学Science of ProcedureLaws ?经济法学Sc ience ofEconomic Law ?环境与资源保护法学Science ofEnvironment andNatural Resources Protection Law 国际法学(含国际公法学、国际私法学、国际经济法学、)Internationallaw (including International Public law, International PrivateLaw a

常见的重要电脑专业术语及其缩写

常见的重要电脑专业术语及其缩写 常见的重要电脑英语及其缩写 PC : Personal Computer ,个人计算机、个人电脑,又 称微型计算机或微机。 NC: Network Computer ,网络计算机。 MPC: Multimedia Personal Computer ,多媒体个人电脑。 MMX:是MultiMedia eXtensions(多媒体扩展)的缩写,是第六代CPU芯片的重要特点。MMX技术是在CPU中加入了特地为视频信号(Video Signal),音频信号(Audio Signal)以及图像处理(Graphical Manipulation)而设计的57条指令,因此,MMX CPU极大地提高了电脑的多媒体(如立体声、视频、三维动画等)处理功能。 Intel Pentium 166MHz MMXTM: Intel Pentium是英特尔(Intel)公司生产的“奔腾”CPU意为 “ Registered ” (注册商标166MHz指CPU时钟频率,MHz 即Mega Hertz的缩写。MMXTM 中的TM是“ Trade Mark ”的简写意为“注册商标”。 OOP: Object Oriented

Programming, 面向对象的程序设计。所谓“对象”就是一个或一组数据以及处理这些数据的方法和过程的集合。面向对象的程序设计完全不同于传统的面向过程程序设计,它大大地降低了软件开发的难度,使编程就像搭积木一样简单,是当今电脑编程的一股势不可挡的潮流。 28VGA: 28 是指彩色显示器上的黄光网点间距(点距),点距越小的显示器,图像就越细腻、越好,这是因为彩色屏幕上的每个像点都是由一组红、绿、蓝光汇聚而成的,由于在技术上三束光还不能100% 地汇聚在一点上,因此会产生一种黄光网点的间隔,这种间隔越小,屏幕上显示的图像越清晰。VGA 是Video Graphics Array(视频图形阵列)的缩写。 FAT :Allocation Table, 文件分配表,它的作用是记录硬盘中有关文件如何被分散存储在不同扇区的信息。 EPA :Environmental Protection Agency 的简称,美国环境保护署。EPA 于1992 年宣布了“能源之星” (Energy Star)计划,并得到了国际社会的积极响应。只要启动电脑,过不了几秒钟就能见到屏幕上出现“能源之星”的标志。能源之星的目标是当电脑系统的各个部件不活动时自动进入低功耗状态,当部件的能动性恢复(即当键盘、鼠标等被使用)时,电脑系统自动回到完全清醒的状态。对于符合能源之星 规范的产品,EPA 将发给能源之星标志“ EPA

六西格玛专业术语

六西格玛专业术语 ANOVA方差分析:将因素对质量特性的影响与误差对质量特性的影响加以区分并做出估计,然后进行比较,分析、推断哪些因素或哪些因素间的交互作用对质量特性有显著影响。 计数数据:Attribute Data 通过计数得到的不能连续取值的离散型数据。 水平对比:Benchmarking 将过程、产品和服务质量同公认的处于领先地位的竞争者进行比较,从而找到改进机会或确定突破目标。 黑带:Black Belt 来自企业各个部门,经过六西格玛改进过程和工具的全面培训,熟悉六西格玛改进过程,具有较强的组织 与协调能力,指导或领导六西格玛改进项目的进行。 Bottom Line底线():服务的销售成本和费用的函数。账面上的利润,是产品/ Box - plot箱线图:5个统计量的坐标图。同时展示每个子群分布特征的BPR):(Business process reengineering业务流程再造 Cause-Effect Diagram因果图:,是揭示质量特性波动与潜在原因的关系,即表达和分析因果关系的一种图表。在””“也称石川图、“鱼刺图 矩阵表达。六西格玛项目多用C&E (C&E MatrixCause and Effect Matrix)因果矩阵六西格玛工具之一 计量数据:Continuous Data通过测量得到的可任意取值的连续型数据。 Continuous Improvement持续改进:逐步的、永无止境的不断改进循环。 控制图:Control Chart以统计推断理论为基础,设置统计控制限,按时间坐标显示独立测量值、平均值或其他统计值的折线图。 )不良质量成本损失:Cost Of Poor Quality(COPQ由于缺陷或不良质量造成的成本损失,也叫劣质成本。 )关键质量特性:(CTQ Critical to Quality满足关键的顾客要求或过程要求的产品或过程特性。 Defect 缺陷:规范的任何事件。CTQ不满足

航空专业术语

航空专业术语 A-E ATIS Airport Terminal Information Service 机场终端信息服务 ATIS Automated(automatic) Terminal Information Service 自动终端情报服务 ATM Air Traffic Management 空中交通管理 ATN Aeronautical TelecommunicationsNetwork 航空电信网 ATNP (ICAO)Aero nautical Telecommu nication Network Pa nel (国际民航组织)航空电 信网专家组 ATO Actual Time Over实际经过时间 ATRK Along-Track Error 沿航线误差 ATS Air Traffic Services空中交通服务 ATSC Air Traffic Services Communication 空中交通服务通信 ATT Attitude 姿态 AUSSAT Australia n Satellite 澳大利亚卫星

AUTODIN Automated Digital Network 自动化数字网络

AUTOVON Automatic Voice Network 自动化话音网络 AUX Auxiliary 辅助 AVOL Aerodrome Visibility Operational Level 机场能见度运行等级 AVPAC Aviation VHF Packet Communications 航空甚高频分组通信 AVS Aviatio n Sta ndards 航空标准 AWANS Aviation Weather And NOTAM System 航空气象和航行通告系统AWOP (ICAO) All Weather Operations Panel (国际民航组织)全天候运行专家组AWOS Automated Weather Observi ng System 自动化气象观测系统 AWP Aviatio n Weather Processor 航空气象处理器 AWS Aviation Weather Service 航空气象服务 AZ Azimuth transmitter 方位台 B BARO Barometric 气压 BAZ Back Azimuth后方位,背航道 BER Basic En codi ng Rules 基本编码规则

变形金刚常用术语与缩写常识

我们经常在淘宝/论坛上看到一些对TF玩具的缩写称呼,现整理部分如下,以供大家参考: 出品变形金刚产品的公司: Hasbro 孩之宝美版变形金刚玩具的出品商简称:孩记/孩社/H社Takara Tomy 日版变形金刚玩具的出品商简称:TT社(2006年,TAKARA被TOMY吞并,并改名TAKARA TOMY。往后的日版都由这个“双T社”出品。俗称TT社) 常见缩写 TF(TRANSFORMERS):变形金刚 Autobot:博派日版动画里对应的叫法是 Cybertron Decepticon:狂派日版动画对应的叫法是 Destron OP(OPTIMUS PRIME):擎天柱 Z版:正版玩具 D版:盗版玩具 RP (repaint):重涂版,同样的模具重新上色 PRE TF :TF之前的玩具原型如微星小超人,diaclone等PROTOTYPE:玩具原模统称 K.O (KNOCK OFF):非合法仿制品 TESTSHOT:试作版 [见NFS] NFS:Not For Sale,非卖品。一般是厂商的试作品,用来测试模具生产质量,测试玩具安全性,或给分销商的样品用的。很多会成为散货流出。这种非卖品上都会有Not For Sale的“烙印"

MISB:全新未开封的盒装玩具 Mint In Sealed Box MIB:仅仅开封的盒装玩具 Mint In Box MOSC:全新未开封的纸板玩具 Mint On Sealed Card MOC:仅仅开封的纸板玩具 Mint On Card AIB:主体配件齐全的盒装玩具 AFA:这是一个国际评级机构。专门对送去的东西进行评级,然后用个玻璃盒子封起来,再贴上分数,以作收藏价格参考。 MADE IN CHINA :中国制造。地球上人类社会里80%的玩具都有这个烙印,变形金刚也在其中。不管是美版还是日版还是欧版,只要是正版的变形金刚,都必定出自我们祖国大陆的多个玩具厂。 补充:(2011年起孩之宝/TT社开始将部分变形金刚生产线搬迁至越南) Fansmade、3rd-party、第三方产品:自2007年真人电影的热潮后涌现了大量同人产品(由迷友团体自己设计,小批量生产的变形金刚周边和机器人产品),大部分均未有取得孩之宝正式授权———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— 地区产品分类:

航空术语缩写一览表

航空术语缩写一览表

航空术语缩写一览表

轮档挡好-- Chocks in 地面电源设备接好--Ground power connected 收到-- Roger 现在关闭发动机--Shutting down engines 准备牵引-- Ready for pushback 所有舱门已关好--All doors checked closed 松刹车-- Brakes off 松刹车-- Release parking brakes 刹车已松-- Brakes off 刹车已松-- parking brake Released 可以牵引 --Clear for pushback 23号跑道起飞--Runway( or face)two three 05号跑道起飞--Runway( or face)zero five 牵引完成 --Pushback complete 刹车 --Brakes on 刹车 --Set parking brake 刹车刹好 --Brakes on 刹车刹好-- Parking brake set

准备启动1(或2)号发动机--Start number one(or two) 可以启动1(或2)号发动机--Clear number one(or two) 已经供气(如需气源车)--Pressure on 启动结束 --Start complete 断开地面设备-- Disconnect ground equipment 插销移开 --Ping Removed 稍等 --Standby 稍等启动-- Standby for start 稍等推出-- Standby for pushback 在左(或右)方打手势--Hand signal on the left(or right) aircraft crew, air crew 机组, 机务人员 pilot 驾驶员, 机长 co-pilot, second pilot 副驾驶员 navigator 领航员 steward 男服务员 stewardess, hostess 空中小姐 radio operator 报务员

制药行业术语中英文对照

术语表 Acceptance Criteria–接受标准:接受测试结果的数字限度、范围或其他合适的量度标准。Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient(API)(or Drug Substance)-活性要用成分(原料药)旨在用于药品制造中的任何一种物质或物质的混合物,而且在用于制药时,成为药品的一种活性成分。此种物质在疾病的诊断,治疗,症状缓解,处理或疾病的预防中有药理活性或其他直接作用,或者能影响机体的功能和结构。 API Starting Material–原料药的起始物料:用在原料药生产中的,以主要结构单元被并入该原料药的原料、中间体或原料药。原料药的起始物料可能是在市场上有售,能够根据合同或商业协议从一个或多个供应商处购得,或者自己生产。原料药的起始物料通常有特定的化学特性和结构。 Batch(or Lot)-批:有一个或一系列工艺过程生产的一定数量的物料,因此在规定的限度内是均一的。在连续生产中,一批可能对应与生产的某以特定部分。其批量可规定为一个固定数量,或在固定时间间隔内生产的数量。 Batch Number(or Lot Number)-批号用于标识一批的一个数字、字母和/或符号的唯一组合,从中可确定生产和销售的历史。 Bioburden–生物负载:可能存在与原料、原料药的起始物料、中间体或原料药中的微生物的水平和种类(例如,治病的或不治病的)。生物负载不应当当作污染,除非含量超标,或者测得治病生物。 Calibration–校验:证明某个仪器或装置在一适当的量程范围内测得的结果与一参照物,或可追溯的标准相比在规定限度内。 Computer System–计算机系统:设计安装用于执行某一项或一组功能的一组硬件元件和关联的软件。 Computerized System–计算机化系统与计算机系统整合的一个工艺或操作。Contamination–污染:在生产、取样、包装或重新包装、贮存或运输过程中,具化学或微生物性质的杂质或外来物质进入或沾染原料、中间体或原料药。 Contract Manufacturer–协议制造商:代表原制造商进行部分制造的制造商。 Critical–决定性的:用来描述为了确保原料药符合规格标准,必须控制在预定范围内的工艺步骤、工艺条件、测试要求或其他有关参数或项目。 Cross-Contamination–交叉污染:一种物料或产品对另一种物料或产品的污染。 Deviation–偏差:对批准的指令或规定的标准的偏离。 Drug(Medicinal)Product–药品:经最后包装准备销售的制剂(参见Q1A) Drug Substance–药物见原料药 Expiry Date(or Expiration Date)-有效期:原料药容器/标签上注明的日期,在此规定时间内,该原料药在规定条件下贮存时,仍符合规格标准,超过这以期限则不应当使用。 Impurity–杂质:存在与中间体或原料药中,任何不希望得到的成分。 Impurity Profile–杂质概况:对存在于一种原料药中的已知和未知杂质的描述。 In-Process Control(or Process Control)-中间控制:生产过程中为监测,在必要时调节工艺和/或保证中间体或原料药符合其规格而进行的检查。 Intermediate–中间体:原料药工艺步骤中生产的、必须经过进一步分子变化或精制才能成为原料药的一种物料。中间体可以分离或不分离。 Manufacture–制造:物料的接收、原料药的生产、包装、重新包装、贴签、重新贴签、质量控制、放行、贮存和分发以及相关控制的所有操作。 Material–物料:原料(起始物料,试剂,溶剂),工艺辅助用品,中间体,原料药和包装及贴签材料的统称。

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