当前位置:文档之家› 财经类翻译

财经类翻译

财经类翻译
财经类翻译

部分常用财经类术语

1绝对优势理论absolute advantage theory

2 贸易盈余trade surplus

3 原产地place of origin

4 可兑换货币convertible currency

5技术转让technology transfer

6 投资保护协定agreement on protection of investment

7避免双重征税协定double taxation relief treaty

8经济一体化economic integration

9 联合股份公司joint stock company

10假冒伪劣产品fake or poor quality commodities

11国有商业银行commercial state banks

12 出口退税制export tax refunding system

13金融危机financial crisis

14风险防范risk prevention

15金融脆弱financial fragility([fr?'d??l?t?])

16企业兼并重组company merger and restructuring

17对等贸易reciprocal trade ([ri'sipr?k?l]adj. 互惠的;相互的)

财经类文体汉译英5个句子

1中国已经颁布了《外商投资企业试点办法》,将试点地域扩大到了省会城市、直辖市、计划单列市和经济特区,同时开始在北京、天津、上海、重庆等地进行批发业外商投资的试点。(颁布enact;外商投资商业企业试点办法Foreign-invested Commercial Enterprises Pilot; 试点地域:pilot area; 省会城市:provincial capital ; 直辖市municipality ;计划单列市cities with independent planning;批发业外商投资wholesaling foreign-funded)

China has enacted the Foreign-invested Commercial Enterprises Pilot, expanding the pilot area into provincial capitals, municipalities, cities with independent planning and special economic zones and at the same time, carrying out wholesaling foreign-funded pilot in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Chongqing and other places.

2 近日,亚洲规模最大的通讯展览正在北京举行,来自世界12个国家和地区的数百家厂商与会参展,各大公司纷纷展示他们最新的产品技术,意欲占有更大的市场股份

(厂商manufacturer; 最新的产品技术the latest product technology)

Recently, the largest communication expo of Asia has being been held in Beijing, with the attendance of hundreds of manufacturers from 12 countries and areas in the world. Each big company presents their latest product technology, intended to occupy more market share.

3 华夏进出口公司是一家以进出口贸易为主业,以实业生产为依托,兼营国内贸易、仓储运输、国际货运代理、物业房地产等产业的大型专业进出口公司。公司注册资本8678万元,下属6家分公司、12家海内外全资和控股投资企业。

(华夏进出口公司China import and export corporation; a large-scaled professional import and export corporation

是以进出口贸易为主业,以实业生产为依托,兼营国内贸易、仓储运输、国际货运代理、物业房地产等产业的大型专业进出口公司

mainly focuses on import and export trade, based on industrial production and engaged in domestic trade, storage and transportation, international freight forwarders, real estate industries and so on

注册资本registered capital;8678万元86.78 million yuan;分公司branch company;下属6家分公司、12家海内外全资和控股投资企业the subordinate 6 branches and 12 wholly owned and holding enterprises at home and abroad)

China import and export corporation, which is a large-scaled professional import and export corporation, mainly focuses on import and export trade, based on industrial production and engaged in domestic trade, storage and transportation, international freight forwarders, real estate industries and so on. The company’s registered capital is 86.78 million yuan, with the subordinate 6 branches and 12 wholly owned and holding enterprises at home and abroad.

4 今后将适度放宽特区内进出口业务的经营权。对有实力、有专业人才和进出口业务量大的企业,经审批可给予特区内进出口业务经营权,充分发挥专业外贸公司、地方工贸企业,自营加工出口企业、三资企业、其他类型企业等5支外贸企业队伍的特长,共同推动外贸工作的发展。

From now on, the government will moderately relax the power of management of import and export business in the special zones. Through the examination and approval,the enterprises, with strength, professionals and large import and export business,can be given the power of management of import and export business in the special zones,which can give full play to the advantages of 5 foreign trade enterprise team of expertise—the professional foreign trade companies, local industry and trade enterprises, self-supporting export processing enterprises, foreign-funded enterprises and other types of enterprises to promote the development of foreign trade work.

5 中国改革开放和现代化建设取得了举世瞩目的成就,综合国力明显增强,近几十年来,中国年平均GDP 增长在百分之九以上,明显高于世界平均增长率。特别是在1997年发生金融危机以及近期世界经济增长前景不确定的情况下,中国政府通过实行积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策,扩大内需,避免了经济增长的

大起大落,保持了经济的持续快速健康发展。

China's reform and opening up and modernization construction have made remarkable achievements, the comprehensive national strength enhanced obviously.In recent decades,China's annual average GDP growth is over nine percent, significantly higher than the world

average.Especially in the financial crisis in 1997 and the situation of the uncertain prospects of recent world economic growth,the Chinese government, through implementing a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, expanded domestic demand, which avoided the ups and downs of economic growth, maintained the sustained, rapid and sound development of the economy.

财经类文体汉译英短文

由于中国供给能力的提高,特别是农产品供大于求和农产品价格下降,使农民的消费能力增长收到抑制,中国在2001年至2002年期间出现了轻微的通货紧缩,2002年的消费物价增长为负0.4%。中国政府通过采取积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策,开发西部地区和增长基础建设投资,增加外汇储备,不仅迅速摆脱了亚洲金融风波的影响,而且通货紧缩情况得以改善,中国的物价水平在2002年下半年出现了逐月增长的局面,2003年年初的消费物价指数已经为正值。

Due to the enhancement of China's supply capacity , especially the oversupply of agricultural products and the fall of agricultural products prices, the growth of the farmer's consumption capability is suppressed. During 2001 to 2002, a slight deflation occurred in China, and the consumer price growth was minus 0.4% in 2002. The Chinese government, by adopting a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, developing the western region and increasing infrastructure investment and foreign exchange reserves, not only quickly got rid of the influence of the Asian financial turmoil, but also the deflation situation was improved. China's price level in the second half of 2002 increased month by month and at the beginning of 2003, the consumer price index had been positive.

从文体学的角度看翻译标准

从文体学的角度看翻译标准 万正发 (11湖南人文科技学院,湖南娄底 417000;21湖南工业大学,湖南株洲 412008)3 摘 要:翻译标准是翻译理论的核心,文体再现又是翻译标准的核心。对翻译标准文体理论的系统再认识,有利于再现原文的文体特征,从而明确文体学对翻译标准确立的意义。 关键词:翻译标准;文体特征;文体再现 On Tran sl a ti on St andards from the Angle of Stylisti cs Abstract:Regarding translati on standards,the key point of translati on theory,the p resent article syste m ically analyzes the theory of translati on standards in style.It points out rep r oducti on motivati on of stylistic characteristics in target language,and the significance of sty2 listic study t o translati on standards. Key words:translati on standards;stylistic characteristics;style rep r oducti on 中图分类号:H059 文献标志码:A 文章编号:100025757(2008)0920053202 1.引言 翻译标准和原则,在翻译界可谓众说纷纭,其中很多翻译标准都提到了对文体的要求。Tytler在Princi p les of Translati on中提出译文的风格和表达方式应与原文具有相同的特征;奈达在Translati on Theory and Practice中也提出:翻译要从语义到文体,用最贴近的自然对等语在接受语言中再现源语信息[1];我国学者严复的“信、达、雅”、鲁迅“要保留原文的风姿”等理论也表达了对翻译标准文体论的探讨。 2.文体探微 文体对我们来说可能是个比较模糊的概念,英语style 一词源于拉丁语的stilus,原指古人在蜡板上写字用的一种用金属或骨头制作的“笔”。随着时间的推移,style一词的词义不断扩大,以至《牛津英语词典》曾在该词下面列出26个义项。[2] 现英文Style既可指某一时代的文风,又可指某一作家使用语言的习惯;既可指某种体裁的语言特点,又可指某一作品的语言特色。它包含文体、语体和风格等方面的意思。因此stylistics这个词便译为“文体学”、“语体学”或“风格学”。 随着文体学的发展和完善,它已经成为研究翻译理论和翻译标准的重要理念。一些学者曾指出运用文体学确立翻译标准的意义,并作出了一些精辟论述,集中在语体、语言常规与变异以及语言结构与功能等方面。但笔者认为这些论述对文体所蕴涵的意义不够系统和全面。根据泰特勒、奈达等学者翻译标准中的要求,文体style至少应包括语体、文类体裁、功能文体、修辞与篇章等多个层面。 3.文体多层面对翻译的要求 3.1语体(f or mality) 语体表现人与人之间的交际距离,与语域即使用语言的主体、场合和情景相关。语体在作品中起着相当重要的作用。它可以描写话语环境、展示人物身份、反映社会文化、体现原作的文体风格等。译者应了解作者的语体使用意图,在译文中设法去再现这些方面的效果,以求获得语用等值。如:[3] a.H is bel oved parent has j oined the heavenly choice. b.H is dear father has passed a way. c.H is father died yesterday. d.H is old man has kicked the bucket. 根据所表达的拘谨、正式、商议及随意等不同文体,宜分别译为: 他慈父已登仙界。 他亲父已去世。 他父亲昨天过世了。 他的老家伙已经翘辫子了。 对语体的翻译须辨析词汇所归属的语体等级,以做到选词准确。词汇的语体色彩除了可以在相关词典中查找外,还可以根据语言环境推断,注意不同的情景和不同的语体使用相应的语言,完成不同语体之间的对应翻译。翻译标准文体理论体现在语体上贵在“信”,即保持原语与译语在语体上的一致性。 3.2.翻译与文类题材(types of writing or genre) 35 第24卷 第9期Vol.24 四川教育学院学报 JOURNAL OF SI CHUAN C OLLEGE OF E DUCATI O N 2008年9月 Sep.2008 3收稿日期:2008205211  作者简介:万正发(1982—),男,湖北监利人,助教,硕士研究生,研究方向:翻译理论与实践。

保险专业英语常用词汇

保险英语,保险词汇共享: acceptance policy 英文翻译:核保政策accounting period 英文翻译:结算期aggregate limit 英文翻译:累积限额aggregated loss 英文翻译:累积损失antiselection 英文翻译:逆选择 ART (Alternative Risk Transfer)英文翻译:新型风险转移 balance 所欠款项 barrages 堰坝 captive pools 自保组合 catastrophe risk 巨灾风险 ceiding company 分出公司 cession limit 分保限额 claim-prone 容易出险 claims assistance 理赔协助 clean cut 结清方式 coinsurance 共保 commencement and termination 起讫cover 承保 cover 责任额 deposit premium 预付保费 destroyed 毁坏 earth caves 土坏房屋 EPA event limit 事件限额 ex gratia payments 通融赔款 excess loss 超额赔款 exclusion 除外责任 exposed areas 风险承受区域 facultative reinsurance 临时分保fault zone 断层区 finite risk 有限制的风险 flash floods 骤发洪水 flooding of rivers 洪水泛滥 frame structure 框架结构 full coverage 全额承保 full insurance value 足额保险价值 full liability 全部责任 Geophysics Institute 地球物理研究所GNPI 总净保费收入 hailstorm 雹暴 heavy damage 严重破坏4保险英语词汇翻译 险种及险别 险种 health insurance 疾病保险,健康保险 sickness insurance 疾病保险 insurance during a period of illness 疾病保险insurance for medical care 医疗保险 "major medical" insurance policy 巨额医药费保险 life insurance 人寿保险 endowment insurance 养老保险 insurance on last survivor 长寿保险 social insurance 社会保险 personal property insurance 个人财产保险 insurance of contents 家庭财产保险 险别 Free from Particular Average(F.P.A.)平安险 With Particular Average (W.P.A.)水渍险 All Risks 一切险 risk of breakage 破碎险 risk of clashing 碰损险 risk of rust 生锈险 risk of hook damage 钩损险 risk of contamination (tainting) 污染险 insurance against total loss only (TLO) 全损险 risk of deterioration 变质险 risk of packing breakage 包装破裂险 risk of inherent vice 内在缺陷险 risk of normal loss (natural loss) 途耗或自然损耗险risk of spontaneous combustion 自然险 risk of contingent import duty 进口关税险 insurance against war risk 战争险 Air Transportation Cargo War Risk 航空运输战争险overland Transportation Insurance War Risk 陆上运输战争险 insurance against strike, riot and civil commotion (SRCC) 罢工,暴动,民变险 insurance against extraneous risks, insurance against additional risks 附加险 risk of theft, pilferage and nondelivery (TPND) 盗窃提货不着险 risk of fresh and/of rain water damage(wetting) 淡水雨淋险 risk of leakage 渗漏险 risk of shortage in weight/quantity 短量险

时代周刊翻译

…Back to Sleep?: Why Are 2,500 U.S. Babies Still Dying of SIDS Each Year? ‘用背部睡觉’:为什么美国每年都有2500个婴儿死于婴儿猝死综合症 Putting babies on their back to sleep has dramatically reduced the number of SIDS deaths, but thousands of babies still die each year. A look at the key risk factors. 让婴儿用背部睡觉戏剧性的减少了婴儿猝死综合症的死亡数量,但每年还是有上千数量的婴儿死亡。这有一种对于关键的风险因素的看法。 There?s no doubt that the Back to Sleep campaign launched in 1994 to get parents to stop putting babies to sleep on their tummies has been a success. In the 1970s and 1980s, the rate of infant deaths per 1,000 live births was 1.5; it?s now 0.5. 无需置疑的是,1994年发起的用背部睡觉的运动,旨在阻止父母让婴儿用肚子睡觉是成功的。在20世纪70到80年代,婴儿死亡率为每一千名安全出生婴儿中有1.5,现在是0.5。 Within a generation, most babies are now put to bed on their backs, and yet 2,500 U.S. infants still die each year in the U.S. Researchers trying to understand why have noticed a curious byproduct of the trend toward back-sleeping: as fewer babies were being put to sleep on their bellies, more babies were documented engaging in other pediatric no-nos — sleeping with their parents, for example — which is another risk factor for SIDS. 在一代人中,大部分婴儿现在都用背部放在床上,但美国每年依然有2500个婴儿死亡。研究员正试图弄明白为什么人们会注意到用背部睡觉这种趋势的奇怪的副产品:越来越少的婴儿用腹部睡觉,越来越多的婴儿被证明参与到了一些儿科禁止的事情中——例如,和父母一起睡——这是婴儿猝死综合症的另一个风险因素。 A study published Monday in the journal Pediatrics takes a look at how risk factors for SIDS have evolved over the years. In an analysis of the 954 babies who died suddenly and unexpectedly in San Diego County between 1991 and 2008 — 568 of these deaths were attributed to SIDS — researchers found that

不同文体的篇章翻译

匆匆 在逃去如飞的日子里,在千门万户的世界里的我能做些什么呢?只有徘徊罢了,只有匆匆罢了;在八千多日的匆匆里,除徘徊外,又剩些什么呢?过去的日子如轻烟,被微风吹散了;如薄雾,被初阳蒸融了。我留着些什么痕迹呢?我何曾留着像游丝样的痕迹呢?我赤裸裸来到这世界,转眼间也将赤裸裸地回去罢?但不能平的,为什么偏要白白走这一遭啊 Haste In these swiftly escaping days, what can I do in this world amongst thousands of households? I can do nothing but hesitate and hurry. In these over eight thousand hurried days, what has been left to me besides hesitation? The past days like light smoke are blown away with the breeze or like a thin layer of mist evaporate with the morning sun. And what marks have left in the world? When have I ever left a mark as tiny as a hairspring? I came to this world naked, soon I’ll leave here naked, too. But, it’s unfair to me…why did I come to this world for nothing?

科学美国人的中文翻译

2012年1月4日星期三 雌激素是新的“利他林”吗? ——性激素能让一部分女性思维敏捷,却也让一部分迟钝 大考即将来临?无法集中注意力?尝试一点雌激素吧。 加州大学伯克利分校的神经系统科学家在最近的一项研究中报道称,女性生理周期中的荷尔蒙波动可能会如咖啡因、甲基苯丙胺或最常见的兴奋剂利他林一样影响其大脑。 近年来的研究表明,工作记忆(短期信息处理能力)是依赖于化学物质多巴胺的。事实上,像利他林这样的药物可以模仿多巴胺帮助人们集中注意力。在老鼠身上的研究显示,雌激素似乎可以诱发多巴胺的释放。但是伯克利这次的新研究是首次把认识能力和人的雌激素水平联系起来,这也就解释了为什么有些女性会在她们生理周期的不同时间点有着或好或坏的认识能力。 这只研究团队对24名健康女性进行了检测。通过基因测试,她们中有些天然多巴胺水平高,而有些天然低。不出所料,多巴胺水平低的女性对于处理复杂的工作记忆问题有困难,比如将一串五个数字反着背出来。但当测试在排卵期中进行,雌激素水平最高时(一般是月经期的10~12天后)这些女性的表现显著改善,有大约10%的进步。令人惊讶的是,多巴胺水平天然高的女性处理复杂问题的能力,却在排卵期中雌激素水平最高的时候有很明显的下降。 根据组织此次研究的Ph.D Emily Jacobs说,脑中的多巴胺是“classic Goldilacks scenario”。对于多巴胺水平最低的25%女性来说,在月经期多巴胺水平的增加会增强她们的认识能力,而对于多巴胺水平最高的25%女性来说,月经期多巴胺水平的增加可能会使她们的多巴胺水平超过一个上限,从而减弱她们的认识能力。而剩下的50%女性都处在这两类女性水平之间,不在研究的范围内。 这项研究有着重大的意义。Jacob说,像咖啡因、利他林这种诱发多巴胺释放的药物对于特定时期的女性是无效,甚至是损害性的。而且,她还希望提醒科学家们注意,在研究脑部疾病时,男女大脑虽然天赋相同但是并不完全一样。 Jacob说,这之间有很大区别,只有我们能知道他们在正常状态下的区别,我们才能预测他们在疾病状态下的区别。 毁约——脑扫描揭示誓言什么时候会不被遵守 新郎说“我愿意”而又和别人有一腿的时候,他脑中发生了什么?朋友承诺还钱却一直不还,他的脑中又发生了什么?一项最新研究显示,毁约是一项很复杂的神经生物学事件。而且脑扫描可以在毁约发生前预测出谁将要毁约。 瑞士苏黎世大学的科学家运用核磁共振技术把大脑比喻成了一场投资游戏。投资者必须决定是否承诺与受托者分享利益。如果投资,会使得账户中的资金增加,但如果受托者选择不分享,结果也会是投资者受损失。几乎所有投资者都说会把钱给受托者,但最后并不会所有人都守约。 通过核磁共振的扫描,研究者可以在他们有机会毁约前预测出他们会不会毁约。毁约者脑部的一些区域的活动会更加活跃,包括分管在压抑诚实回应时自我控制的前额皮质层,和标志

保险业常见的英语单词

acceptance policy 英文翻译:核保政策 accounting period 英文翻译:结算期 aggregate limit 英文翻译:累积限额 aggregated loss 英文翻译:累积损失 antiselection 英文翻译:逆选择 ART (Alternative Risk Transfer)英文翻译:新型风险转移balance 所欠款项 barrages 堰坝 captive pools 自保组合 catastrophe risk 巨灾风险 ceiding company 分出公司 cession limit 分保限额 claim-prone 容易出险 claims assistance 理赔协助 clean cut 结清方式 coinsurance 共保 commencement and termination 起讫 cover 承保 cover 责任额 deposit premium 预付保费 destroyed 毁坏 earth caves 土坏房屋 EPA event limit 事件限额 ex gratia payments 通融赔款 excess loss 超额赔款 exclusion 除外责任 exposed areas 风险承受区域 facultative reinsurance 临时分保 fault zone 断层区 finite risk 有限制的风险 flash floods 骤发洪水 flooding of rivers 洪水泛滥 frame structure 框架结构 full coverage 全额承保 full insurance value 足额保险价值 full liability 全部责任 Geophysics Institute 地球物理研究所 GNPI 总净保费收入 hailstorm 雹暴 heavy damage 严重破坏 hollow brick wall 空斗砖结构 hour clause 小时条款 hurricane 飓风

新时代英语传统文化翻译

英语翻译 Unit 1Book 3. 中国传统节日以中国的农历为依据。农历年的岁首称为春 节,俗称“过年”,有祈年等多种习俗,是中国人民最隆重的传统节日, 象征团结兴旺。其他主要的节日有元宵节、清明节、端午节、七夕节、 中秋节、重阳节、冬至节、腊八节等等。各个节日都有其来源讲究和风 俗习惯。农历节日与农历中的二十四节气不同。农历节日是中华民族凝 聚力和生命力的体现 Traditional Chinese festivals are usually fixed to the Lunar calendar. January 1st on the lu Seventh Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival, the Double- Ninth Festival, the Winter Solstice, and the Eight Day of the Twelfth Lunar Month, etc. Ea Lunar calendar. They embody China's cohesion and vitality. Unit 3Book3. 中国古代四大艺术“琴棋书画” 的画特指国画。其绘画形式 是用毛笔蘸水、墨、颜料作画于绢、帛、宣纸之上,古代称之为水墨丹 青。为区别于西方的油画而称之为“中国画”,简称“国画”。其题材有人 物、山水、花鸟等。技法可分为工笔和写意。国画的艺术特质在于“笔 墨”,强调以形写神,画尽意在。国画在艺术创作上反映了中化民族的 审美意识和情趣。 The four art forms in ancient China are guqin, chess, penmanship, and painting. And paint painting.” In order to distinguish it from Western oil-paintings, the Chinese people term their works “traditional Chinese painting” ( hand brushwork. The artistic characteristics lie in “the writing brush and ink.” Chinese pai 5. 中国石窟 中国石窟组要反映的是佛教文化艺术。敦煌莫高窟、大同云冈石窟、洛 阳龙门石窟、天水麦积山石窟,号称中国四大石窟艺术景观。佛教石窟 随山雕凿、彩绘,形象生动自然,将崇尚美与世俗情融为一体,把天然 造化与人工创造有机结合,是由建筑、绘画、雕塑等组成的博大精深、 绚丽夺目的综合艺术殿堂。其艺术成就为世界瞩目,已成为重要的世界 文化遗产。 Chinese Grottoes Chinese grottoes mainly reflect the art of Buddhist culture. In China, there are four major art landscape of grottoes:the Mogao Grottoes at Dunhuang, the Yungang Grottoes at Datong, the Longmen Grottoes at Luoyang, and the Maijishan Grottoes at Tianshui. Carved and painted on mountains, the Buddhist grottoes mingle both sublimity and secular feelings together, presenting us a vivid and natural appearance. They embody the systematic combination of both the exceptional artistry of great nature and the extremely fine craftsmanship of mankind. The Chinese Buddhist Grottoes are regarded

保险专业词汇英汉对照

保险专业词汇英汉对照 acceptance policy 核保政策 accounting period 结算期 aggregate limit 累积限额 aggregated loss 累积损失 antiselection 逆选择 ART (Alternative Risk Transfer) 新型风险转移balance 所欠款项 barrages 堰坝 captive pools 自保组合 catastrophe risk 巨灾风险 ceiding company 分出公司 cession limit 分保限额 claim-prone 容易出险 claims assistance 理赔协助 clean cut 结清方式 coinsurance 共保 commencement and termination 起讫 cover 承保 cover 责任额 deposit premium 预付保费 destroyed 毁坏 earth caves 土坏房屋 EPA event limit 事件限额 ex gratia payments 通融赔款 excess loss 超额赔款 exclusion 除外责任 exposed areas 风险承受区域 facultative reinsurance 临时分保 fault zone 断层区 finite risk 有限制的风险 flash floods 骤发洪水 flooding of rivers 洪水泛滥 frame structure 框架结构 full coverage 全额承保

full insurance value 足额保险价值 full liability 全部责任 Geophysics Institute 地球物理研究所GNPI 总净保费收入 hailstorm 雹暴 heavy damage 严重破坏 hollow brick wall 空斗砖结构 hour clause 小时条款 hurricane 飓风 individual losses 单一损失 insurability 可保性 insured losses 保险损失 intensity 烈度 layering 层次 less exposed 损失可能性小 liability 责任 light damage 轻度破坏 line slips 分保条 loading 附加费 loss occurrence 损失发生 loss occurring basis 损失发生基础 loss participation 分担损失 loss settlement 损失赔付 magnitude 震级 malicious damage 恶意损害 moderate damage 中度破坏 multi-story building 多层建建筑 Munich Re 慕尼黑再 net retained lines 净自留额 net retained losses 损失净自赔额 no profit commission 无纯益风险 non-proportional reinsurance 非比例再保险notification 告知 object 标的 obligatory reinsurance 固定分保 original deductibles 原始免赔额 original rate 原始费率 paid-up capital 已付资本

地层时代中英文对照

圭亚那盆地地层时代中英文对照 Cainozoic 新生界 Tertiary 第三纪 Pleistocene 第三纪更新世 Miocene 第三纪中新世 Lower Miocene 第三纪下中新世 Oligocene 第三纪渐新世 Eocene 第三纪始新世 Middle Eocene第三纪中始新世 Lower Eocene第三纪下始新世 Paleocene 第三纪古新世、古近系 Cretaceous 白垩纪 Senonian 森诺阶 Campanian 坎帕阶 Santonian 桑托阶 Coniacian 科尼亚克阶(晚白垩纪第三期)Turonian 白垩纪土仑阶(晚白垩纪第二期)Cenomanian 森诺曼阶 Albian 阿尔比阶 Aptian 阿普第阶 Barremian 巴列姆阶 Precambrian 前寒武纪地层

Cainozoic 新生界 Quaternary 第四系Quaternary period 第四纪Paleocene 第三纪古新世、古近系 Mesozoic中生界 Cretaceous 白垩系 Jurassic 侏罗系 Triassic 三叠系 LateTriassicepoch 晚三叠世 Paleozoic 古生界 Permian 二叠系 LatePermianepoch Early Permian 早二叠世 Carboniferous 石炭系石炭纪 Late Carboniferous Devonian 泥盆系泥盆纪upperDevonionseries 上泥盆统 siluric 志留系Silurian 志留纪 Ordovician 奥陶系奥陶纪 Cambrian 寒武系寒武纪 Proterozoic era 元古代

各种文体的特点及翻译策略

一、旅游文本的特点及翻译策略 特点:(1)汉语旅游文体常引经据典,而英语则直扣主题; (2)汉语旅游文体多用华丽的修辞,而英语则用客观描述; (3)汉语旅游文体大量使用四字结构,而英语则善于用树杈性结构。 策略:1、适当的增译,添加适当的理解原文内容所必需的背景知识; 2、偏译法,在不损害原文内容的前提下,不拘泥于原文,对不不符合译文语言表达习惯的语句、语 序进行必要的结构性改动和调整,重新组合编辑,使译文更好的适应外国游客的审美心理。 二、科技文本的特点及翻译策略 特点:1、词汇大量使用专业术语;非限定动词的使用,多用纯科技词汇、通用科技词汇、派生词和缩略词; 2、句法,多名词化结构,广泛使用被动语态; 3、语篇,大量使用条件句、省略句,多用长句和复合句; 4、修辞,常用单调且出现频率较低的修辞,时态变化较少。 策略:1、强调术语翻译的准确性和专业性; 2、科技文英语时态变化不明显,故汉译英时多采用一般现在时; 3、科技文较少使用人称句,而是大量使用被动语态,翻译时应进行必要的时态转换。 常用的翻译法:增译法,省略法,此类转换法,结构调整法。 三、广告文体的特点及翻译策略 特点:1、词汇,用于简单,具有口语化倾向,仿造新词,使用缩略语; 2、句法,多用简单句,口语性强,多用并列结构,较少使用主从结构,少否定,多祈使 3、多用修辞(比喻、拟人、排比、押韵、反复、双关) 4、语篇,多并列,少主从。 策略:1、翻译时应考虑文化背景不同和审美习惯的差异,遵从“从主原则”,即“客从主便,入乡随俗” 2、翻译时不必拘泥于语言层面的对应,而应力求功能相似,效果相似,一般采用直译、意译、省译、 创译等译法。 四、文学文本的特点及翻译策略 特点:1、词汇,丰富多次啊,模糊性和不确定性,给读者广阔的想象空间; 2、句法,大量修辞增强了语言的艺术性和音乐性,遣词造句体现作家写作风格; 3、修辞,使用大量修辞(比喻、你人、夸张、排比、双管、反语、反拟、回环、委婉) 4、语篇,由单个的“象”如事物、动作、场景、情节等就可产生一个完整的意境—意象结构—借物抒情。策略:1、疑问的语言应具有形象、生动、抒情、象征性和韵律感等特征; 2、不求形似,但求神似,风格再现; 3、译文应具有信息功能、表情功能和美感功能。 五、新闻文体的特点及翻译策略 特点:1、词汇,常用具有新闻色彩的词,且用词新奇,大量缩略词、临时词、次一转变及旧词新意; 2、句法,使用简短句;直接引语和间接引语大量使用; 3、语篇,较多使用省略句和扩张的简单句,用一般现在时和现在进行时;已提供事实或消息为目的, 避免使用带有个人感情或倾向性的语言;时态不求一致,往往主句用动词过去式,从句使用一般现在时。 策略:1、直译,一定要与原文取向一致,切不可自作主张; 2、翻译中适当添加注释行词语; 3、尽量再现原文修辞特点; 4、增译,使意义完整; 5、套用中外诗词熟句。

科学翻译

第12页 0903060136 梁潇 0903060137 黄浩 0901014108 黄瑞尧 5.3性能分析 通信开销:在和平时期,验证和密钥协商协议的要求只有三路之间的网状路由器和网络用户和双向沟通网络用户之间。这是最低的通信回合要实现相互认证,因此,和平招致降低认证延迟。此外,通过设计,和平带来最低的额外因为它们可能对网络用户的通信开销如掌上电脑和智能手机进行的移动客户端比其他笔记本电脑访问无线网状网。这些移动客户端要少得多强大相比,网状路由器考虑到他们的沟通能力。在消息(M.1),(M.1),(M.2),网络用户只需要发送一组签名履行认证功能。作为我们立足本集团上签字的变化计划[8]中提出,签名的包括两个G的元素五个元素的Z带够。当使用[19]中描述的曲线,可以首要采取p到170位并使用G组1,其中每个元素是171位。因此,总群签名的长度为1192位或149字节。有了这些参数,安全性是大致相同作为一个标准的1024位RSA签名,这是128个字节[8]。也就是说,群签名的长度几乎是作为一个标准的RSA-1024的签名相同。 计算开销:在和平,最昂贵的计算操作的签名生成和验证。签名生成需要两个同构的应用中。同构计算,需要大约同时,作为一个在G1幂(使用快速计算的轨迹图)[8]。因此,签名生成需要约八幂(或multiexponentiations)和两个双线性映射计算。验证签名需要六个幂和3+2|网址|双线性映射计算。按照设计,和平采用会话认证的不对称对称的混合方法,降低计算成本。网络实体(Mesh 路由器和网络用户)执行昂贵的组签名操作相互验证,只有当建立一个新的会话,所有同一会话的后续数据交换是通过高效的基于MAC的方法进行验证。 更具体地说,和平需要进行相互认证,为建立一个新的会话时,执行一个签名生成和签名验证的网络用户。由此可以看出,签名验证的实际成本计算取决于一致资源定址器的大小,而签名的发电成本是固定的。和平可以主动控制的一致资源定址器的大小。此外,可以采取一种更为有效的吊销检查算法,其运行的时间是一致资源定址器的独立[8]中描述了对用户的隐私有点牺牲。这种技术可以进一步带来的总成本六幂和5个双线性映射计算的签名验证。另一方面,和平需要一个网状路由器进行相互认证其覆盖范围内的每个网络用户每每灯塔消息不同的会议和标志定期播出。 存储开销:在和平中,网络用户可以携带资源约束的普及设备,如掌上电脑和智能手机访问的无线网状网。因此,存储每个网络用户的开销应该是负担得起的现代普及设备。在我们的计划显示说明,在和平中的每个网络用户需要存储两个信息:他的小组的私钥及相关系统参数。该组的私钥为每个用户包含1组元素的G1和2个Z元素。如果我们首要选择p到170位,并使用G组1每个组171位的元素,每个组私钥用户只需消耗511位的内存,这是微不足道的现代普及设备。大多数的内存消耗部分是系统参数,其中可能包括代码来形容双线性组(G

金融英语口语:保险类翻译词汇

金融英语口语:保险类翻译词汇risk of mould 发霉险 on deck risk 舱面险 保险业词汇 Terms used in insurance industryaccident 意外事故险 actuarial method 精算法 Advance Loss Profits (ALOP) 预期利润损失险,利损险 Advance profit 预期利润 broker 经纪人 Business Interruption Insurance (BI) 营业中断险 captive 自保公司 casualty 意外伤害险

catastrophe 巨灾险 ceding company 分出公司 claim 索赔 claim settlement 理赔 combined ratio 综合赔付率 Consequential Loss (CL facultative business 临分保 IBRN Incurred but not reported losses 已发生但未报的损失IBRN reserve IBRN 储备金 indemnity period/limit 赔期/期限 inflated claim 超额索赔

insurance capacity 承保水平 insured property 参保物业 Kobe 神户 Lloyd 劳合社 long-tail 长尾 Loss of profit 利损险 Machinery (Breakdown) Insurance 机器(损坏〕险,机损险 mail/sub-contractor 主/分承包商 maintenance 保证期 multiple claim 多次(重复)索赔 non-life

大数据时代英文翻译

Era of Big Data is a woman's age; women in the gene can accumulate and deal with big data/ women are born to accumulate and deal with big data. Many men and children, in fact, have been wondering about this special ability of women. Like, as a child, just as soon as you entered the house your Mother said immediately in a suspicious tone: “Liu zhijun, you didn’t do well in the exam today, did you.” Another example, you just have a glance at the mobile phone, your wife laughs: “Does Er gou the next door ask you to play games?” One more ex ample, when you close the door and make a phone call, your girlfriend will cry: “Who are shot in bed?” They are sometimes right, sometimes wrong. However, On the whole, the accuracy rate is higher than chance level. When they are wrong, men would sneer women always give way to foolish fancies; when they are right, men would say women are sensitive animal maybe with more acute sensory organs. Anyway, that is a guess. It has already scared man that overall accuracy rate is higher than the random level. In order to adapt to this point, the male also developed a very strong skills against reconnaissance. This part is beyond the scope of this article, so no more details about it. Some studies, such as Hanna Holmes’s paper, have indi cated that the white matter of the female’s brain is higher than that of the male. So they have very strong imagination of connecting things together. Some recent studies have shown that women are better than men in the "date" memory. That is the reason why they are able to remember all the birthdays, anniversaries, and even some of the great day of unimportant friends. No matter whether these results are true or not, I am afraid that this is not women's most outstanding ability. Women's most remarkable ability is a long-term tracking of some seemingly unimportant data to form their own baseline and pattern. Once the patterns of these data points are significantly different from the baseline she is familiar with, she knows something unusual. In their daily life, women do not consider the difference between causality and correlation. They believe in the principle: "There must be something wrong out of something unusual." People who talk about big data often take Lin Biao as an example. Lin Biao recorded some detailed and unimportant data after a battle. Such as seized guns, the proportion of rifles and pistols, the age levels of war prisoners, seized grain, whether they are sorghum or millet, etc., all of which were unavoidably recorded in the book. Others laughed at him. But later, he determined where the enemy headquarters were according to these data. What women do is almost the same. A girl A has a secret crush on boy B, but she usually doesn’t contact him directly. Two days later, I asked her if she wanted to ask him to have dinner together. She said he was playing. I wondered “how do you know that?” She said that boy B usually is on the line Gmail at 8:00 am, away status at8:30am, for he goes out to buy coffee and breakfast, on line again at 9:00am, busy status, for he is at work, away again at12:30am for lunch, on line for whole evenings, maybe for reading or playing games. His buddy C is on line at10:00 am, still online till 2:00am next day. He is a boy who gets up late and stays up late. His buddy D is on line for the most of the day. However, the most important pattern is that there are 2-3 days per week, during which they would be offline or away for 3-4 hours together. Conclusion: they are playing together.

相关主题
文本预览
相关文档 最新文档