外研版高中英语必修5 Cultural Corner逐句翻译
B5 M1 Cultural Corner逐句翻译
The Man Who Made Spelling Simple简化拼写的人
In English the spelling of words does not always represent the sound. 在英语中，单词的拼写并不总是能表现出发音。So people say /rait/ but spell it right, or write, or even rite. 因此人们发/rait/的音，却拼写为right，或是write，甚至rite。Combinations of letters (like ough) may be pronounced in a number of ways. 字母组合（像ough）可能会有好多种发音。And some words just seem to have too many letters.有些单词看起来有太多的字母。
For Americans things are a little bit easier, 对美国人来说，情况就较为简单，thanks to the work of Noah Webster, a teacher who graduated from Yale University in 1778.这多亏了诺亚﹒韦伯斯特的贡献，他是1778年毕业于耶鱼大学的一名教师。as a young man he had fought against the British in the American War of independence, and he felt that written English in the newly independent United States should have a distinctive “American”look.年轻的时候，他参加了反对英国的美国独立战争，并且他觉得英语的书写在新生的美国应该有一个独特的“美国式”面貌。
So he began his work on American English. 因此他开始了关于美国英语方面的工作。His first book, the Elementary Spelling Book, suggested simplifying the spelling of English words. 他的第一本书——《基础拼写》，提出了简化英语单词的拼写。The book was extremely popular. By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year, making it one of the most popular school books ever. 这本书极为畅销。到19世纪50年代，它的年发行量达到100万册，使它成为历史上最流行的校园读物之一。
Many of the suggestions were quickly adopted. 书中的很多建议很快就被采纳了。Center instead of centre, program instead of programme, and flavor instead of flavour. 如用center代替centre, program代替programme, flavor代替flavour。Others, however, such as removing silent letters like the s in island or the final e in examine, were not.如用center代替centre, program代替programme, flavor代替flavour。
Webster is best known for his American Dictionary of the English Language, which first appeared 1828.韦伯斯特最为著名的是他的《美式英语词典》，这本书是在1828年第一次出版的。it introduced lots of new American words, with information about their pronunciation and use, and, of course, the new spelling.书中介绍了很多新的美式单词，并且带有发音和用法，当然还有新式拼写。The British criticized the dictionary, but it quickly became a standard reference book in the States. Today, Webster’s dictionary is still the number one dictionary for American students.英国人批判这本词典，但是在美国它很快就成为一本标准的参考书。今天，韦伯斯特的词典仍然是美国学生的首选词典。
The Man Who Made Spelling Simple
In English the spelling of words does not always represent the sound. So people say /rait/ but spell it right, or write, or even rite. Combinations of letters (like ough) may be pronounced in a number of ways. And some words just seem to have too many letters.
For Americans things are a little bit easier, thanks to the work of Noah Webster, a teacher who graduated from Yale University in 1778. as a young man he had fought against the British in the American War of independence, and he felt that written English in the newly independent United States should have a distinctive “American”look.
So he began his work on American English. His first book, the Elementary Spelling Book, suggested simplifying the spelling of English words. The book was extremely popular. By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year, making it one of the most popular school books ever.
Many of the suggestions were quickly adopted. Center instead of centre, program instead of programme, and flavor instead of flavour. Others, however, such as removing silent letters like the s in island or the final e in examine, were not.
Webster is best known for his American Dictionary of the English Language, which first appeared 1828. it introduced lots of new American words, with information about their pronunciation and use, and, of course, the new spelling. The British criticized the dictionary, but it quickly became a standard reference book in the States. Today, Webster’s dictionary is still the number one dictionary for American students.
简化拼写的人
在英语中，单词的拼写并不总是能表现出发音。因此人们发/rait/的音，却拼写为right，或是write，甚至rite。字母组合（像ough）可能会有好多种发音。有些单词看起来有太多的字母。
对美国人来说，情况就较为简单，这多亏了诺亚﹒韦伯斯特的贡献，他是1778年毕业于耶鱼大学的一名教师。年轻的时候，他参加了反对英国的美国独立战争，并且他觉得英语的书写在新生的美国应该有一个独特的“美国式”面貌。
因此他开始了关于美国英语方面的工作。他的第一本书——《基础拼写》，提出了简化英语单词的拼写。这本书极为畅销。到19世纪50年代，它的年发行量达到100万册，使它
成为历史上最流行的校园读物之一。
书中的很多建议很快就被采纳了。如用center代替centre, program代替programme, flavor 代替flavour。但是其他的一些，例如去掉单词中不发音的一些字母，像island中的s和examine 中最后的e，都没有被采用。
韦伯斯特最为著名的是他的《美式英语词典》，这本书是在1828年第一次出版的。书中介绍了很多新的美式单词，并且带有发音和用法，当然还有新式拼写。英国人批判这本词典，但是在美国它很快就成为一本标准的参考书。今天，韦伯斯特的词典仍然是美国学生的首选词典。
B5 M2 Cultural Corner逐句翻译
Growing Jobs日益增长的工作
What sort of jobs will people de doing ten years from now? 从现在开始的十年里，人们将会从事什么样的工作？according to a survey published by an American university, the ten fastest growing jobs will be related to computers and health. 根据美国一所大学发布的一项调查结果，十种增长最快的工作将与电脑和健康有关。They include computer systems analysts, data analysts and database managers. 它们包括电脑系统分析师、数据分析师和数据库管理员。But there will also be a rise in the demand for health care professionals. 但是对健康护理专业人员的需求也会上升。其中的一些将会是新型职业。Some of these will be new jobs, such as bioinformaticians, who combine computer skills with knowledge of biology. 例如生物信息学人员，这些专业研究人员把电脑技能与生物知识结合起来。Others will be more traditional. For example, more home care nurses will be needed to look after the rapidly ageing population. 其他的职业将会比较传统。例如，将会需要更多的家庭护士照看迅速老龄化的人口。But many youngsters will need professional care, too: 但是很多年轻人也需要专业护理：14 million Americans suffer from speech or language problems, and six million of them are under the age of 18. 1400万的美国人有说话或语言障碍，其中有600万人年龄在18岁以下。the number of speech pathologists (who help people who have problems speaking) is expected to double by the year 2012.到2012年，语言病理学家（帮助有语言障碍的人们的人）的数量有望增加两倍。and social workers will continue to be in demand.对社会工作者的需求将继续增长。
Of course there will be plenty of other new jobs, some of which we probably can’t even guess.当然，还会有很多其他的新型职业，有些我们可能甚至猜不到。But for those who love the outdoor life, a good bet could be the leisure industry. 但是对那些喜欢户外活动的人来
说，最合适的可能是休闲产业。As more and more countries open up to tourism, more travel agents will be needed, 随着越来越多的国家对外开放旅游业，将会需要更多的旅行社。but the real demand will be for guides to take groups and even individuals on adventure holidays. 但是真正需要的将是能带领团队甚至还有为探险度假的个人做导游的人。For people doing this job, common sense, physical fitness and an outgoing personality are likely to be more important than computer skills.对于做这种工作的人，常识、健康的体格和外向的个性很可能会比电脑技能更重要。
Growing Jobs
What sort of jobs will people de doing ten years from now? according to a survey published by an American university, the ten fastest growing jobs will be related to computers and health. They include computer systems analysts, data analysts and database managers. But there will also be a rise in the demand for health care professionals. Some of these will be new jobs, such as bioinformaticians, who combine computer skills with knowledge of biology. Others will be more traditional. For example, more home care nurses will be needed to look after the rapidly ageing population. But many youngsters will need professional care, too: 14 million Americans suffer from speech or language problems, and six million of them are under the age of 18. the number of speech pathologists (who help people who have problems speaking) is expected to double by the year 2012. and social workers will continue to be in demand.
Of course there will be plenty of other new jobs, some of which we probably can’t even guess. But for those who love the outdoor life, a good bet could be the leisure industry. As more and more countries open up to tourism, more travel agents will be needed, but the real demand will be for guides to take groups and even individuals on adventure holidays. For people doing this job, common sense, physical fitness and an outgoing personality are likely to be more important than computer skills.
日益增长的工作
从现在开始的十年里，人们将会从事什么样的工作？根据美国一所大学发布的一项调查结果，十种增长最快的工作将与电脑和健康有关。它们包括电脑系统分析师、数据分析师和数据库管理员。但是对健康护理专业人员的需求也会上升。其中的一些将会是新型职业。例如生物信息学人员，这些专业研究人员把电脑技能与生物知识结合起来。其他的职业将会比较传统。例如，将会需要更多的家庭护士照看迅速老龄化的人口。但是很多年轻人也需要专
业护理：1400万的美国人有说话或语言障碍，其中有600万人年龄在18岁以下。到2012年，语言病理学家（帮助有语言障碍的人们的人）的数量有望增加两倍。对社会工作者的需求将继续增长。
当然，还会有很多其他的新型职业，有些我们可能甚至猜不到。但是对那些喜欢户外活动的人来说，最合适的可能是休闲产业。随着越来越多的国家对外开放旅游业，将会需要更多的旅行社。但是真正需要的将是能带领团队甚至还有为探险度假的个人做导游的人。对于做这种工作的人，常识、健康的体格和外向的个性很可能会比电脑技能更重要。
B5 M3 Cultural Corner逐句翻译
The Life of Mark Twain马克﹒吐温的生平
Often the lives of writers resemble the lives fo the characters they create.作家的生活常常与他们所创作的人物很相似。Mark Twain, who wrote The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, was no exception. 《哈克贝利﹒芬历险记》与《汤姆﹒索亚历险记》的作者马克﹒吐温也不例外。To start with, the author’s name, Mark Twain, is itself an invention, or “pen name”. 首先，作者的名字，或者说“笔名”——马克﹒吐温本身就是创造的。Twain’s real name was Samuel Clemens. 马克﹒吐温的原名是塞缪尔﹒克莱门斯。“Mark Twain”, which means “watermark two”, was a call used by sailors on the Mississippi to warn shipmates that they were coming into shallow water. “马克﹒吐温”的意思是“水深二英尺（水深两浔）”，是密西西比河上水手的一个口号，用来警告同船的伙伴他们到了浅水区。
Like Huck, Mark Twain led an adventurous life. 像哈克一样，马克﹒吐温也曾有过冒险的生活。He left school early, and as an adolescent, determined to make his fortune in South America, set off from his home in Hannibal, Missouri, for New Orleans.他很早就离开了学校，青少年的时候，他决定到南美洲闯一闯，于是他从密苏里州的汉尼拔家里出发去了新奥尔良。He wanted to take a boat to the Amazon, where he thought he could get rich quickly. 他想坐船去亚马孙河，他认为在那里很快就会富起来。He arrived in New Orleans without a penny in his pocket only to find that there were no boats for South America.他身无分文地到了新奥尔良后才发现那里根本就没有去南美洲的船。Forced to change his plans, he worked for several years as a pilot on a steamboat, taking passengers up and down the Mississippi, the great river which flows from the north of the US near the Canadian border, down to the Gulf of Mexico.他被迫改变了计划，在密西西比河的一艘汽船上当了几年的领航员，带着乘客在这条河上来来往往。这条著名的河流从美国北部靠近加拿大边界的地方流出，最后注入墨西哥湾。
Later he became a journalist and began writing stories about life on the river. 随后，他当一
名新闻记者，并开始写有关在河上生活的故事。Twain’s vivid and often amusing descriptions of life on the river quickly became popular, and established the reputation he still enjoys today as one of America’s greatest writers.吐温对河上生活生动幽默的描述使得他的作品很快受到了欢迎，并且确立了他至今仍享有的美国最伟大的作家之一的美誉。
The Life of Mark Twain
Often the lives of writers resemble the lives fo the characters they create. Mark Twain, who wrote The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, was no exception. To start with, the author’s name, Mark Twain, is itself an invention, or “pen name”. Twain’s real name was Samuel Clemens. “Mark Twain”, which means “watermark two”, was a call used by sailors on the Mississippi to warn shipmates that they were coming into shallow water.
Like Huck, Mark Twain led an adventurous life. He left school early, and as an adolescent, determined to make his fortune in South America, set off from his home in Hannibal, Missouri, for New Orleans. He wanted to take a boat to the Amazon, where he thought he could get rich quickly. He arrived in New Orleans without a penny in his pocket only to find that there were no boats for South America. Forced to change his plans, he worked for several years as a pilot on a steamboat, taking passengers up and down the Mississippi, the great river which flows from the north of the US near the Canadian border, down to the Gulf of Mexico.
Later he became a journalist and began writing stories about life on the river. Twain’s vivid and often amusing descriptions of life on the river quickly became popular, and established the reputation he still enjoys today as one of America’s greatest writers.\
马克﹒吐温的生平
作家的生活常常与他们所创作的人物很相似。《哈克贝利﹒芬历险记》与《汤姆﹒索亚历险记》的作者马克﹒吐温也不例外。首先，作者的名字，或者说“笔名”——马克﹒吐温本身就是创造的。马克﹒吐温的原名是塞缪尔﹒克莱门斯。“马克﹒吐温”的意思是“水深二英尺（水深两浔）”，是密西西比河上水手的一个口号，用来警告同船的伙伴他们到了浅水区。
像哈克一样，马克﹒吐温也曾有过冒险的生活。他很早就离开了学校，青少年的时候，他决定到南美洲闯一闯，于是他从密苏里州的汉尼拔家里出发去了新奥尔良。他想坐船去亚
马孙河，他认为在那里很快就会富起来。他身无分文地到了新奥尔良后才发现那里根本就没有去南美洲的船。他被迫改变了计划，在密西西比河的一艘汽船上当了几年的领航员，带着乘客在这条河上来来往往。这条著名的河流从美国北部靠近加拿大边界的地方流出，最后注入墨西哥湾。
随后，他当一名新闻记者，并开始写有关在河上生活的故事。吐温对河上生活生动幽默的描述使得他的作品很快受到了欢迎，并且确立了他至今仍享有的美国最伟大的作家之一的美誉。
B5 M4 Cultural Corner逐句翻译
The Meaning of Carnival狂欢节的意义
Carnival today is an international, multicultural experience. 今天的狂欢节是一个国际性的、多元文化的体验。But how did it become so? 但是它是如何变成这样的呢？To understand what carnival is all about, we need to look at the history of America and the meeting of two cultures –European and African.想要全面了解狂欢节，我们需要看一下美国的历史和两种文化的碰撞——欧洲文化和非洲文化。
The arrival of Europeans in America, and the opening of huge farms and plantations to grow cotton, fruit and vegetables,欧洲人到达美洲，开辟了大农场和种植园，他们种棉花、水果和蔬菜，meant there was an immediate need for people to work on them.这意味着那里急需人手干活，This marked the beginning of the slave trade.这标志着奴隶贸易的开始。For more than two hundred years, until the beginning of the 19th century, when the trade was finally stopped, millions of people were taken by force from their homes in Africa and transported to the New World to work as slaves.经过200多年，直到19世纪初，当这种贸易最终结束时，有上百万的非洲人被迫离开他们的家园——非洲，作为奴隶被运送到了新大陆。Six million were taken to the Caribbean islands where there were British and French landowners. 有600万人被带到了加勒比海的群岛上，那儿有英国和法国的种植园主。
Naturally, the Europeans also imported their own festivals.自然，欧洲人也带来了他们的节日。So the slaves were forced to watch as their masters celebrated carnival with food, drink, and masked dances.所以奴隶们被迫观看他们主人用食物、喝酒，举行戴面具的舞会来庆祝狂欢节。In Trinidad, the slaves began to hold their own carnival celebrations: 在特立尼达岛，奴隶们开始举行自己的狂欢节庆祝仪式：they painted their faces white, imitating their masters and making fun of them.他们将脸涂成白色，模仿并且取笑他们的主人。But at the same time they
were continuing their own African traditions –such as walking round a village wearing masks and singing a custom which they thought would bring good luck.但在同时他们还保持他们自己非汴的传统——例如戴着面具唱着歌围着村庄行走——这是一种他们认为会给他们带来好运的习俗。
When the slave trade was abolished in 1838 the former slaves took over the carnival.当奴隶贸易在1838年被废除时，原先的奴隶们把狂欢节保留了下来。It became more colourful and more exciting than it had been before. 它变得比以前更加丰富多彩、更加激动人心。Magnificent costumes were made and musical bands created.它变得比以前更加丰富多彩、更加激动人心。Carnival became a celebration of freedom.狂欢节变成一个庆祝自由的节日。
With the passing of time, the white inhabitants of the island began to take part in the carnival, too –and they were welcomed by their former slaves.随着时间的流逝这，这个岛上的白种居民也开始参与到狂欢节中——并且还受到了他们以前的奴隶们的欢迎。Carnival became a way to unite different communities, as people forgot their everyday problems and enjoyed themselves eating, drinking, and dancing.狂欢节成为团结不同团体的一种方式，因为人们忘记了他们的日常烦恼，而开心地吃、喝并跳舞。Today, visitors from all over the world come to this small state in the Caribbean to join in the fun. Carnival has become a celebration of life itself.今天，全世界的参观者来到这个位于加勒比海的小国家来享受这份乐趣。狂欢节已经成为一种对生活本身的庆祝。
The Meaning of Carnival
Carnival today is an international, multicultural experience. But how did it become so? To understand what carnival is all about, we need to look at the history of America and the meeting of two cultures –European and African.
The arrival of Europeans in America, and the opening of huge farms and plantations to grow cotton, fruit and vegetables, meant there was an immediate need for people to work on them. This marked the beginning of the slave trade. For more than two hundred years, until the beginning of the 19th century, when the trade was finally stopped, millions of people were taken by force from
their homes in Africa and transported to the New World to work as slaves. Six million were taken to the Caribbean islands where there were British and French landowners.
Naturally, the Europeans also imported their own festivals. So the slaves were forced to watch as their masters celebrated carnival with food, drink, and masked dances. In Trinidad, the slaves began to hold their own carnival celebrations: they painted their faces white, imitating their masters and making fun of them. But at the same time they were continuing their own African traditions –such as walking round a village wearing masks and singing a custom which they thought would bring good luck.
When the slave trade was abolished in 1838 the former slaves took over the carnival. It became more colourful and more exciting than it had been before. Magnificent costumes were made and musical bands created. Carnival became a celebration of freedom.
With the passing of time, the white inhabitants of the island began to take part in the carnival, too –and they were welcomed by their former slaves. Carnival became a way to unite different communities, as people forgot their everyday problems and enjoyed themselves eating, drinking, and dancing. Today, visitors from all over the world come to this small state in the Caribbean to join in the fun. Carnival has become a celebration of life itself.
狂欢节的意义
今天的狂欢节是一个国际性的、多元文化的体验。但是它是如何变成这样的呢？想要全面了解狂欢节，我们需要看一下美国的历史和两种文化的碰撞——欧洲文化和非洲文化。
欧洲人到达美洲，开辟了大农场和种植园，他们种棉花、水果和蔬菜，这意味着那里急需人手干活，这标志着奴隶贸易的开始。经过200多年，直到19世纪初，当这种贸易最终结束时，有上百万的非洲人被迫离开他们的家园——非洲，作为奴隶被运送到了新大陆。有600万人被带到了加勒比海的群岛上，那儿有英国和法国的种植园主。
自然，欧洲人也带来了他们的节日。所以奴隶们被迫观看他们主人用食物、喝酒，举行戴面具的舞会来庆祝狂欢节。在特立尼达岛，奴隶们开始举行自己的狂欢节庆祝仪式：他们将脸涂成白色，模仿并且取笑他们的主人。但在同时他们还保持他们自己非汴的传统——例如戴着面具唱着歌围着村庄行走——这是一种他们认为会给他们带来好运的习俗。
当奴隶贸易在1838年被废除时，原先的奴隶们把狂欢节保留了下来。它变得比以前更加丰富多彩、更加激动人心。（他们）制作了华丽的服饰，并成立了乐队。狂欢节变成一个庆祝自由的节日。
随着时间的流逝这，这个岛上的白种居民也开始参与到狂欢节中——并且还受到了他们以前的奴隶们的欢迎。狂欢节成为团结不同团体的一种方式，因为人们忘记了他们的日常烦
恼，而开心地吃、喝并跳舞。今天，全世界的参观者来到这个位于加勒比海的小国家来享受这份乐趣。狂欢节已经成为一种对生活本身的庆祝。
B5 M5 Cultural Corner逐句翻译
Marathon: the Ultimate Olympic Event马拉松：奥林匹克运动会的最后项目
The final event in the Olympics is the marathon. It is also usually the most exciting. 奥林匹克运动会的最后一项赛事是马拉松赛跑，通常它也是最激动人心的一项。As the leader comes into the stadium to run the last few metres of the 42-kilometre race, the crowd rises to its feet to shout and cheer. 当第一名进入运动场完成这42千米的最后几米时，观众们都会站起来欢呼喝彩。The name of the race comes from a battle in Ancient Greece. According to the story, a soldier ran from the scene of the battle, Marathon, to Athens, to bring the news of a Greek victory against the Persians. 这项赛跑的名字来源于古希腊的一场战争。据说，一名士兵从马拉松的战场上跑回雅典，将希腊占用波斯的消息带了回来。He died just after arriving.他到达雅典后就死去了。
The marathon has been an Olympic event since the modern games started in 1896.马拉松赛跑是从1896年现代奥运会开始以后才成为奥运会的一项赛事的。At first the distance was 40 kilometres —the distance between Marathon and Athens.最初它的距离是40千米——从马拉松到雅典的距离。In 1908, however, at the London Olympics, it was changed. 但是在1908年，在伦敦奥运会上，它有了改变。The King of England wanted the runners to leave from his castle in Windsor and arrive in a new stadium in central London. 英国的国王希望选手从他的温莎城堡出发，最后到达伦敦市中心的一个新建的运动场。The distance was 26 miles —about 42 kilometres.距离是26英里——大约42千米。In fact, the 1908 marathon ended dramatically. 实际上，1908年的马拉松赛跑的结果很有戏剧性。When the leader, an Italian, entered the stadium he turned the wrong way and fell onto the ground.当第一名，一个意大利选手进入运动场时，他跑错了方向并摔倒在了地上。Officials picked him up and helped him to the finishing line, 几个官员将他扶起，帮助他跑向终点线。just as the second runner, an American, entered the stadium. 正在这时，第二个选手，一个美国运动员进入运动场。The Americans protested and in the end the American runner was declared the winner. 美国人对此表示抗议，最终美国选手被宣布为获胜者。Since then, there have been many more exciting marathons.从那时起，便有了很多更精彩的马拉松比赛。
In fact, you don't have to wait for the Olympic Games to run or watch a marathon实际上，你不必等到奥运会才去参加或观看马拉松比赛，, as there are marathons in over sixty countries
and hundreds of cities around the world today.因为当今世界上有超过六十个国家和几百座城市都举行马拉松赛跑。One of the most famous marathons is in New York, and is watched by two million people around the streets and across the bridges of the city's five boroughs, and past New York's famous landmarks.其中最著名的马拉松比赛之一是在纽约举行的马拉松比赛，有二百万人观看这场比赛，这些人绕着街道，穿过城市的五个区的架桥并经过纽约市著名的地标。But perhaps one of the most beautiful and extraordinary marathons ever is the Great Wall Marathon, which most competitors find is the toughest course to run.但是，迄今为止也许最美丽、最特别的一场马拉松比赛是长城马拉松赛，大多数选手都认为它是最艰难的赛程。
The marathon is the final Olympic event because it is thought to be the hardest. 马拉松赛跑被安排为奥运会的最后一场赛事是因为人们认为它是最艰难的一场赛事。But experts believe that most people —even people who are not particularly good at sport —can run a marathon, if they train for it.但是专家们确信，如果进行专门的训练，大多数人——甚至是在体育方面不擅长的人，也可以参加马拉松比赛。
Marathon: the Ultimate Olympic Event
The final event in the Olympics is the marathon. It is also usually the most exciting. As the leader comes into the stadium to run the last few metres of the 42-kilometre race, the crowd rises to its feet to shout and cheer. The name of the race comes from a battle in Ancient Greece. According to the story, a soldier ran from the scene of the battle, Marathon, to Athens, to bring the news of a Greek victory against the Persians. He died just after arriving.
The marathon has been an Olympic event since the modern games started in 1896. At first the distance was 40 kilometres —the distance between Marathon and Athens. In 1908, however, at the London Olympics, it was changed. The King of England wanted the runners to leave from his castle in Windsor and arrive in a new stadium in central London. The distance was 26 miles —about 42 kilometres. In fact, the 1908 marathon ended dramatically. When the leader, an Italian, entered the stadium he turned the wrong way and fell onto the ground. Officials picked him up and helped him to the finishing line, just as the second runner, an American, entered the stadium. The Americans protested and in the end the American runner was declared the winner. Since then, there have been many more exciting marathons.
In fact, you don't have to wait for the Olympic Games to run or watch a marathon, as there are marathons in over sixty countries and hundreds of cities around the world today. One of the most famous marathons is in New York, and is watched by two million people around the streets and across the bridges of the city's five boroughs, and past New York's famous landmarks. But perhaps one of the most beautiful and extraordinary marathons ever is the Great Wall Marathon, which most competitors find is the toughest course to run.
The marathon is the final Olympic event because it is thought to be the hardest. But experts believe that most people —even people who are not particularly good at sport —can run a marathon, if they train for it.
马拉松：奥林匹克运动会的最后项目
奥林匹克运动会的最后一项赛事是马拉松赛跑，通常它也是最激动人心的一项。当第一名进入运动场完成这42千米的最后几米时，观众们都会站起来欢呼喝彩。这项赛跑的名字来源于古希腊的一场战争。据说，一名士兵从马拉松的战场上跑回雅典，将希腊占用波斯的消息带了回来。他到达雅典后就死去了。
马拉松赛跑是从1896年现代奥运会开始以后才成为奥运会的一项赛事的。最初它的距离是40千米——从马拉松到雅典的距离。但是在1908年，在伦敦奥运会上，它有了改变。英国的国王希望选手从他的温莎城堡出发，最后到达伦敦市中心的一个新建的运动场。距离是26英里——大约42千米。实际上，1908年的马拉松赛跑的结果很有戏剧性。当第一名，一个意大利选手进入运动场时，他跑错了方向并摔倒在了地上。几个官员将他扶起，帮助他跑向终点线。正在这时，第二个选手，一个美国运动员进入运动场。美国人对此表示抗议，最终美国选手被宣布为获胜者。从那时起，便有了很多更精彩的马拉松比赛。
实际上，你不必等到奥运会才去参加或观看马拉松比赛，因为当今世界上有超过六十个国家和几百座城市都举行马拉松赛跑。其中最著名的马拉松比赛之一是在纽约举行的马拉松比赛，有二百万人观看这场比赛，这些人绕着街道，穿过城市的五个区的架桥并经过纽约市著名的地标。但是，迄今为止也许最美丽、最特别的一场马拉松比赛是长城马拉松赛，大多数选手都认为它是最艰难的赛程。
马拉松赛跑被安排为奥运会的最后一场赛事是因为人们认为它是最艰难的一场赛事。但是专家们确信，如果进行专门的训练，大多数人——甚至是在体育方面不擅长的人，也可以参加马拉松比赛。
B5 M6 Cultural Corner逐句翻译
Cultural cultural
世界自然基金会
The WWF is the world's largest organisation for nature conservation. WWF是世界上最大的自然保护组织。It was founded in the UK in 1961 and opened an international office in Switzerland in the same year.它于1961年在英国成立，同年在瑞士开设了一个国际性的办事处。Its aim was to protect the natural habitats of wild animals in danger of extinction.它的目的是为了保护濒临灭绝的野生动物的自然栖息地。画家兼自然主义者的皮特﹒One of the founders, the painter and naturalist Peter Scott, designed the famous panda logo. 斯科特是WWF的创办者之一，他设计了著名的大熊猫会徽。The initials, WWF, stand for World Wide Fund for Nature. 缩略词WWF代表的是世界自然保护基金组织。Originally the name was World Wildlife Fund. 它原来的名字是World Wildlife Fund。Today the organisation has branches in 90 countries in all five continents. 今天，这个组织在五大洲的90多个国家设有分支机构。It has thousands of volunteers and more than five million supporters who help by giving money.它拥有上千名的志愿者和500万的支持者，这些支持者通过捐钱的方式来给予帮助。Since 1985 it has spent more than $1,000 million on 11,000 projects in 130 countries.从1985年开始，它在130个国家的11000项工程上花费了10亿多美元。
The focus of attention has changed, too.关注的焦点也发生了变化。In the 1980s the WWF became interested in all activities which have an effect on the environment, such as pollution and the way we use energy.20世纪80年代，世界自然基金会开始对任何对环境有所影响的活动都感兴趣，例如环境污污以及我们利用能源的方式。The WWF believes that our world has a future only if people learn to conserve nature and not waste energy.世界自然基金会相信只有人们学会保护自然并且不浪费能源，我们的世界才有未来。As a result, it started working with governments to introduce environmental education into schools.结果，它开始与政府合作，把环境教育引进学校。
The WWF has worked with the Chinese government since 1980, when Dr George Shaller arrived to work with Chinese scientists on the panda project.世界自然基金会从1980年开始与中国政府合作，当时乔治﹒山勒博士来到中国，与中国科学家们共同从事大熊猫的事业。For fifteen years WWF China staff had been based in Switzerland but came to China to monitor the project. 15年来，世界自然基金会的中国工作者一直是以瑞士的基地，但是要到中国关注这
一项目。Then, in 1995, the organisation set up an office in Beijing. 然后在1995年，该组织在北京设立了一个办事处。Today there are more than thirty staff working on twenty projects all over the country. 今天有30多位工作者在为全国20个项目工作着。They include work in forests, energy, and in environmental education for China's primary and secondary schools as well as saving the panda, of course.他们工作的领域包括森林、能源、中国中小学生的环境教育。当然，也包括对熊猫的拯救。
Cultural cultural
The WWF is the world's largest organisation for nature conservation. It was founded in the UK in 1961 and opened an international office in Switzerland in the same year. Its aim was to protect the natural habitats of wild animals in danger of extinction. One of the founders, the painter and naturalist Peter Scott, designed the famous panda logo. The initials, WWF, stand for World Wide Fund for Nature. Originally the name was World Wildlife Fund. Today the organisation has branches in 90 countries in all five continents. It has thousands of volunteers and more than five million supporters who help by giving money. Since 1985 it has spent more than $1,000 million on 11,000 projects in 130 countries.
The focus of attention has changed, too. In the 1980s the WWF became interested in all activities which have an effect on the environment, such as pollution and the way we use energy. The WWF believes that our world has a future only if people learn to conserve nature and not waste energy. As a result, it started working with governments to introduce environmental education into schools.
The WWF has worked with the Chinese government since 1980, when Dr George Shaller arrived to work with Chinese scientists on the panda project. For fifteen years WWF China staff had been based in Switzerland but came to China to monitor the project. Then, in 1995, the organisation set up an office in Beijing. Today there are more than thirty staff working on twenty projects all over the country. They include work in forests, energy, and in environmental education for China's primary and secondary schools as well as saving the panda, of course.
世界自然基金会
WWF是世界上最大的自然保护组织。它于1961年在英国成立，同年在瑞士开设了一个国际性的办事处。它的目的是为了保护濒临灭绝的野生动物的自然栖息地。画家兼自然主义者的皮特﹒斯科特是WWF的创办者之一，他设计了著名的大熊猫会徽。缩略词WWF代表的是世界自然保护基金组织。它原来的名字是World Wildlife Fund。今天，这个组织在五大洲的90多个国家设有分支机构。它拥有上千名的志愿者和500万的支持者，这些支持者通过捐钱的方式来给予帮助。从1985年开始，它在130个国家的11000项工程上花费了10亿多美元。
关注的焦点也发生了变化。20世纪80年代，世界自然基金会开始对任何对环境有所影响的活动都感兴趣，例如环境污污以及我们利用能源的方式。世界自然基金会相信只有人们学会保护自然并且不浪费能源，我们的世界才有未来。结果，它开始与政府合作，把环境教育引进学校。
世界自然基金会从1980年开始与中国政府合作，当时乔治﹒山勒博士来到中国，与中国科学家们共同从事大熊猫的事业。15年来，世界自然基金会的中国工作者一直是以瑞士的基地，但是要到中国关注这一项目。然后在1995年，该组织在北京设立了一个办事处。今天有30多位工作者在为全国20个项目工作着。他们工作的领域包括森林、能源、中国中小学生的环境教育。当然，也包括对熊猫的拯救。
【推荐】2020年外研版高中英语必修一（全册）精品教案汇总 第一学期高一英语讲义1 Book 1 Module 1 My First Day at Senior High 课时1词汇; 课型A（基础）；课长30分钟 一、词汇互译 1.____________________ 换句话说 2. ____________________ 期待, 盼望 3. ____________________ 在……开始的时候 4. ____________________ 在……结束的时候 5. ____________________ 上大学 6. ____________________ 被（划）分成…… 7. take part in ____________________ 8. ____________________ 理科 9. ____________________ A 与 B 之间的区别 10. be similar to … ____________________ 11. ____________________ 对…的态度 12. teaching method ____________________ 13. ____________________ 写下, 记下 14. nothing like ____________________ 15. have fun ____________________ make fun of … ____________________ 16. 倍数表达法：
A is three times____________________ B. A is three times ____________________B. A is three times ____________________B. 17. ____________________ 不同于… 18. ____________________ 和…一样 二、词汇运用 1.the differences between A and B 你知道英语和美语有什么区别吗？ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2.one’s attitude to \ towards sth. (doing sth.) 对于学习英语, 你的态度是怎样的？ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3.behave oneself/behave badly 老实点！ _______________________________________________________________________________ 4.be friendly to 他对待别人总是很友好。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 5.introduce A to B\oneself 首先请允许我介绍一下自己。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 6.in other words 你明天不用来上班了。换句话说, 你被炒了。 ______________________________________________________________________________
单词 1 across prep. & adv. 横过，穿过；从一边到另一边；在对面 come across 偶然遇到 get across 通过；使被理解；解释清楚 10 meters across 宽10米 【词语辨析】 across, through和 over across表示从一定范围的一边到另一边，且在物体的表面上或沿着某一条线的方向而进行的动作，其含义常与on 有关；through表示动作在空间内进行，其含义常与in有关；over表示“越过”，指越过较高物体，从一侧到另一侧。 【活学活用】 (1)My house is just ________the street. 我的房子就在马路对面。 2 face n. 脸；表面；(物体的)正面，表面 v. 面对，面向；面临；应付，应对 lose one's face 丢脸；丢面子 make a face 做鬼脸 in the face of 面对 be faced with 面临；面对 face to face 面对面 face south/the park 面向南方/公园 face the fact 正视现实 3 range n. [C]山脉；列；排；(变动或浮动的)幅度；[C，U](知识、知觉、听觉等的)范围；(枪支、导弹等的)射程，最大航程 v. (在一定范围内)变化，变动；安排；徘徊 be in/within range 在范围以内 be beyond/out of range 超出范围；在范围以外 a wide/broad range of 范围广泛的 range from…to…从……到……不等 4 situated adj. 坐落(某处)的；位于(某处)的 situate v. 使位于；使处于 situation n. 情形；位置；境遇 be situated/located/at/in/on＋n. 位于；坐落于 be well/badly/situated 处境很好/困难5 opposite prep. 在……对面 adj. 相对的；对面的；对立的；相反的 n. 对立面；反面 just/quite the opposite 恰恰相反 in the opposite direction 朝相反的方向 the man opposite 对面的那个人 on the opposite side of the street 在街的对面 【词语辨析】 opposite和contrary (1)opposite指位置、方向、地位、性质、意义等的对 立、相反。 (2)contrary指“两物朝相反的方向发展”，含有“相 互冲突，不一致”的意思。on the contrary“正相反”，经常用来引出相反的观点或事实。 6 sign v. 签署；签字；签约；雇佣；做手势(示意) n. 迹象；征兆；手势；信号；标志；指示牌；符号 sign to sb to do sth 示意某人做某事 sign up 经报名参加 sign in/out 签到/签名登记离开 sign for 签收 sign on 签约受雇(或入伍) sign an agreement 签署协议 road signs 路标 短语 1 work on 从事，忙于 work at 研究，努力学习 work out 计算，算出，找到答案； 弄懂；制订出；锻炼，健身； 按某种方式发展，结果 work as 作为……工作 at work 在上班 【短语辨析】 work on和work at work on往往指做某种具体的工作，翻译起来比较灵活；而work at更倾向于“钻研”或“努力学习”。 如： He is working on a new novel. 他正在写一本新的小说。 The little boy was working on a branch with a knife to make a toy gun. 小男孩正在用刀子削树枝做玩具手枪。 He is working at English grammar. 他正在努力学习英语语法。 (2)根据语境选择work out恰当的英语释义 a．to calculate sth b．to train the body by physical exercise c．to develop in a particular way, turn out d．to find the answer to sth; to solve sth; to understand e．to plan or think of sth 1
第一单元友谊 Reading 安妮最好的朋友 你是不是想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友呢？或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？安妮·弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，于是她就把日记当成了她最好的朋友。 安妮在第二次世界大战期间住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是犹太人，所以他们不得不躲藏起来，否则他们就会被德国纳粹抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了两年之后才被发现。在这段时间里，她唯一的忠实朋友就是她的日记了。她说，“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把我这个朋友称作基蒂”。安妮自从1942年7月起就躲藏在那儿了，现在，来看看她的心情吧。 亲爱的基蒂： 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。我记得非常清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。自从我来到这里，这一切都变了。 ……比方说，有天晚上天气很暖和，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打开窗户。还有一次，就在五个月以前的一个晚上，我碰巧在楼上，窗户是开着的。我一直等到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。漆黑的夜晚，风吹雨打，雷电交加，我全然被这种力量镇住了。这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚…… ……令人伤心的是……我只能透过脏兮兮的窗帘观看大自然，窗帘悬挂在沾满灰尘的窗前，但观看这些已经不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。
Using Language Reading, listening and writing 亲爱的王小姐： 我同班上的同学有件麻烦事。我跟我们班里的一位男同学一直相处很好，我们常常一起做家庭作业，而且很乐意相互帮助。我们成了非常好的朋友。可是，其他同学却开始在背后议论起来，他们说我和这位男同学在谈恋爱，这使我很生气。我不想中断这段友谊，但是我又讨厌人家背后说闲话。我该怎么办呢？Reading and writing 尊敬的编辑： 我是苏州高中的一名学生。我有一个难题，我不太善于同人们交际。虽然我的确试着去跟班上的同学交谈，但是我还是发现很难跟他们成为好朋友。因此，有时候我感到十分孤独。我确实想改变这种现状，但是我却不知道该怎么办。如果您能给我提些建议，我会非常感激的。 第二单元世界上的英语 Reading 通向现代英语之路 16世纪末期大约有5百万到7百万人说英语，几乎所有这些人都生活在英国。后来，在17世纪英国人开始航海征服了世界其它地区。于是，许多别的国家开始说英语了。如今说英语的人比以往任何时候都多，他们有的是作为第一语言来说，有的是作为第二语言或外语。 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以互相交流。请看以下例子： 英国人贝蒂：“请到我的公寓（flat）里来看看，好吗？” 美国人艾米：“好的。我很乐意到你的公寓（apartment）去。” 那么，英语在一段时间里为什么会起变化呢？事实上，当不同文化互相交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所发展，有所变化。首先，在公元450年到1150年间，人们所说的英语跟今天所说的英语就很不一样。当时的英语更多地是以德语
. ;. 外研版高中英语单词表必修一 1.academic 学术的adj 2.province 省 n 3.enthusiastic 热心的 adj 4.amazing令人吃惊的；令人惊讶的adj https://www.doczj.com/doc/ef5406667.html,rmation 信息 n 6.website 网站；网址 n 7.brilliant （口语）极好的 adj https://www.doczj.com/doc/ef5406667.html,prehension 理解；领悟 n 9.instruction （常作复数）指示；说明 n 10.method 方法n 11.bored厌倦的；厌烦的adj 12.embarrassed尴尬的；难堪的adj 13.attitude态度n 14.behaviour行为；举止n 15.previous以前的；从前的adj 16.description记述；描述n 17.amazed吃惊的；惊讶的adj 18.embarrassing令人尴尬的；令人吃惊的adj 19.technology技术n 20.impress使印象深刻vt 21.correction改正；纠正n 22.encouragement鼓励；激励n 23.enjoyment享受；乐趣n 24.fluency流利；流畅n 25.misunderstanding误解n 26.disappointed失望的adj 27.disappointing令人失望的adj 28.system制度；体系；系统n 29.teenager少年n 30.disappear消失vi 31.move搬家vi 32.assistant助手；助理n 33.cover包含vt 34.diploma文凭；毕业证书n 35.in other words 换句话说 36.look forward to 期待；盼望 37.at the start of在……开始的时候 38.atthe end of在……结束的时候 39.go to college 上大学 40.be divided into 被（划）分成…… 41.take part in 参加 42.attitude to/towards 对……的态度 43.amusing有趣的；可笑的adj 44.energetic精力充沛的adj 45.intelligent聪明的adj 46.nervous紧张的；焦虑的adj https://www.doczj.com/doc/ef5406667.html,anised有组织的；有系统的adj 48.patient耐心的adj 49.serious严肃的adj 50.shy害羞的；羞怯的adj 51.strict严格的；严厉的adj 52.impression印象n 53.avoid（故意）避开vt 54.hate讨厌；不喜欢vt 55.incorrectly不正确的adv https://www.doczj.com/doc/ef5406667.html,pletely十分的；完全的adv 57.immediately立即；即刻adv 58.appreciate欣赏；感激vt 59.admit承认vt 60.scientific科学的adj 61.literature文学n 62.loudly大声的adv 63.wave挥（手）；招（手）vt 64.joke玩笑；笑话n 65.summary总结；摘要；提要n 66.respect尊敬；尊重vt&n
外研版高中英语必修三课文 3.1 Great European Cities Paris Paris is the capital and largest city of France, situated on the River Seine. It is one of the most beautiful cities in the world and is visited by more than eight million tourists every year. The most popular place for tourists is the Eiffel Tower, the famous symbol of Paris. One of the world's largest art galleries, the Louvre, is also located in Paris. The city is also famous for its restaurants, cafés and theatres. About two-thirds of France's artists and writers live in Paris. Barcelona Barcelona is the second largest city of Spain and is situated on the northeast coast, about five hundred kilometres east of the Spanish capital, Madrid. One of Barcelona's most famous landmarks is the Church of the Sagrada Familia, which was designed by an architect called Antonio Gaudi. Gaudi worked on the project from 1882 until his death in 1926. The church hasn't been finished yet! Florence Florence is an Italian city which became famous because of the Renaissance, a great artistic movement which began in the 1300s and lasted for three hundred years. During the Renaissance, some of the greatest painters of all time lived and worked in Florence. Many of Florence's most beautiful paintings and sculptures were produced by great artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. Florence is visited each year by about a million tourists who come to see the art galleries, churches and museums. The Uffizi Palace is the most famous art gallery in the city. Athens Athens, the capital of Greece, is known as the birthplace of western civilisation. Two thousand four hundred years ago, it was the world's most powerful city. Buildings such as the Parthenon on the Acropolis Hill
Unit 1 友谊 P2 Reading 安妮最好的朋友 你是不是想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友呢？或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？安妮·弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，于是她就把日记当成了她最好的朋友。 安妮在第二次世界大战期间住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是犹太人，所以他们不得不躲藏起来，否则他们就会被德国纳粹抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了两年之后才被发现。在这段时间里，她唯一的忠实朋友就是她的日记了。她说，“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把我这个朋友称作基蒂”。安妮自从1942年7月起就躲藏在那儿了，现在，来看看她的心情吧。 亲爱的基蒂： 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。我记得非常清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。自从我来到这里，这一切都变了。 ……比方说，有天晚上天气很暖和，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打开窗户。还有一次，就在五个月以前的一个晚上，我碰巧在楼上，窗户是开着的。我一直等到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。漆黑的夜晚，风吹雨打，雷电交加，我全然被这种力量镇住了。这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚…… ……令人伤心的是……我只能透过脏兮兮的窗帘观看大自然，窗帘悬挂在沾满灰尘的窗前，但观看这些已经不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。 P6 Using Language Reading, listening and writing 亲爱的王小姐： 我同班上的同学有件麻烦事。我跟我们班里的一位男同学一直相处很好，我们常常一起做家庭作业，而且很乐意相互帮助。我们成了非常好的朋友。可是，其他同学却开始在背后议论起来，他们说我和这位男同学在谈恋爱，这使我很生气。我不想中断这段友谊，但是我又讨厌人家背后说闲话。我该怎么办呢？P7 Reading and writing 尊敬的编辑： 我是苏州高中的一名学生。我有一个难题，我不太善于同人们交际。虽然我的确试着去跟班上的同学交谈，但是我还是发现很难跟他们成为好朋友。因此，有时候我感到十分孤独。我确实想改变这种现状，但是我却不知道该怎么办。如果您能给我提些建议，我会非常感激的。
高一英语必修一重点词组 Module 1 1.Junior High school 初中 2.Senior High school 高中 3.be far from…离…远 4.capital city 省会城市 5.be amazed at/by 对…感到惊讶 6.method of teaching 教学方法 7.teaching method 教学方法 8.用这种方法：in this way, with this method, by this means 9.Introduce…to…向…介绍… 10.More than+数词：超过 11.More than+名词：不仅仅,不只是 12.More than +adj./v./从句：非常，岂止 13.More than +can/could: 超过某人所能 14.More… than…: 与其说是后者，不如说是前者 15.in other words 换句话说 16.in a word 总之 17.keep one’s word 遵守诺言 18.look forward to (doing) sth.期盼(做)某事 19.be impressed with…对…印象深刻 20.be fluent in 在……（方面）流利 21.speak Chinese with fluency = be fluent in Chinese 流利地说汉语 22.at the start/beginning of 在……开始的时候 23.at the end of 在……结束的时候 24.go to college/university 上大学 25.be divided into 被（划）分成…… 26.take part in 参加 27.be similar to 与……相似 28.sb’s attitude to/towards…某人对某物的看 法 29.summer holiday/vacation 暑假 30.winter holiday/vacation 寒假 31.receive the high school diploma 获得高中的文凭 Module 2 1.make sure 确保，确认 2.It doesn’t matter.没关系 3.first impression 第一印象 4.be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心 5.be patient of sth. 能忍受、忍耐… 6.with patience=patiently 耐心地 7.have the patience to do sth. 有耐心做某事 8.be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格 9.be strict in… 在……方面要求严格10.be strict about sth. 对某事要求严格 11.can’t help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 12.suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 13.avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 14.keep doing sth. 不停地做某事 15.make great progress 取得很大进步 16.I would appreciate it if sb could do sth. 如果……，我将不胜感激。 17.appreciate doing sth. 感激某人做某事 18.admit doing/ sth. 承认做过某事 19.admit sb. to/into/in 允许某人进入 20.scientific experiment 科学实验 21.as a result 所以 22.as a result of 由于…，作为…的结果 23.tell a joke/jokes 讲笑话 24.remember to do sth. 记得要做某事 25.remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 26.forget to do sth.忘记要做某事 27.forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 28.try doing sth. 试着做… 29.try to do sth. 尽力做… 30.regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事 31.regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事 32.喜欢做A 而不愿做B： Prefer to do A rather than do B =Prefer doing A to doing B =Prefer A to B 33.宁愿做A也不做B： Would rather do A than do B. Would do A rather than do B. 34.European countries 欧洲国家 35.State school=public school 公立学校 36.Private school 私立学校 Module 3 1.get on 上（公车、船） 2.get off 下（公车、船） 3.get into 上（汽车、的士） 4.get out of 下（汽车、的士）；离开… 5.refer to指的是；参考，查阅；提到，涉及 6.refer to a dictionary 查字典 =look up sth in a dictionary 7.in the distance 在远处，在远方 8.at a distance 从远处 9.花费： It takes sb time/money to do sth. Sb spend time/money on sth. Sb spend time/money (in) doing sth. Sth cost money. Sb pay money for sth. 10.dark red 深红色 11.abandoned farms 废弃的农田 12.long long ago =a long time ago =once upon a time 很久以前 13.be short for …是……的缩写/简称 14.be short of…缺少，缺乏 15.in short 总之；简言之 16.not … any more 不再 17.in the 1920s 在20世纪20年代 18.allow doing sth. 允许做某事 19.out of date 过时 20.up to date 最新的，最近的 21.at a speed of…以……的速度 22.pay a visit to …参观… 23.我可以看看你的车票吗? Would you mind showing me your ticket? =Would you mind if I saw your ticket? = Could I see your ticket? =Excuse me, can I see your ticket? 24.Swimming pool 游泳池 25.wild animal 野生动物 26.be frightened of doing sth 不敢做某事 27.the opening ceremony 开幕式 28.world record 世界纪录 Module 4 1.apartment block 公寓大楼 2.on the second floor在二楼 3.five-storey 五层楼的 4.in the south在南方 5.in the south of…在…的南方 6.in the countryside 在农村 7.be made of…由…组成（能看出材料） 8.be made from…由…组成（看不出材料） 9.put up 搭建；修建；张贴；举起; 提高 10.It has been six years since we last saw each other. 自从我们上次见 面已经有六年了。 11.This is the first time that I have visited your hometown.这是我第一 次参观你的家乡。 12.By the seaside = on the coast在海边 13.It is fortunate for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是幸运的。 14.What is the climate like there? 那里的气候如何？ 15.so far 到目前为止=up to now 16.sound like…听起来像… 17.sound as if…听起来好像，似乎… 18.safe and sound 安然无恙 19.high-rise building 高层建筑 20.shopping mall=shopping centre 购物商场 21.get away from…摆脱…… 22.a great many 许多（后加名词复数）
一小测验 Ⅰ.课标单词 1. __________ adj. 热心的，热情的→enthusiasm n. 热心；热情 2. __________ adj. 令人惊异的→ _______ v. 使吃惊→ ________ adj. 感到吃惊的→ amazement n. 惊愕，惊异 3. __________ n. 信息→ inform vt. 通知，告知 4. __________ n. 指示，用法说明→ instruct v. 教导，命令，指示 5. _________ adj. 令人厌烦的→ _______ adj. (对某人/事物)厌倦的，烦闷的→ ______ vt. 使厌烦 6. ___________ adj. 尴尬的，难堪的→ __________ v. 使困窘，使局促不安→ _____________ adj. 令人为难的→ embarrassment n. 窘迫；为难 7. __________ n. 行为，举止→behave v. 举动，举止 8. __________ n. 描述；形容；描写→ describe vt. 描写，记述 9. _______ vt. 使(人)印象深刻；使铭记→ __________ n. 印象，感想→ impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的 10. __________ n．纠正，改正→correct adj.正确的→ _______ v．改正，纠正，批改 11. __________ v. 鼓励，激励→ __________ adj. 鼓舞人心的→ ___________ adj. 受到鼓舞的，更有信心的→ encouragement n. 鼓励，奖励 12．enjoyment n. 享受，乐趣→ _______ v. 享受，喜欢→ ________ adj. 令人愉快的，有乐趣的 13．fluency n. 流利，流畅→ _______ adj. 流利的，流畅的 14. _____________ adj. 失望的→ ______________ adj. 使人失望的，令人失望的→ disappoint vt. 使失望→ _____________ n. 失望 15. _________ n. 助手，助理→ assist v．帮助 Ⅱ.常用短语 1．____________________________________与……相似 2．____________________________________某人对(做)某事的态度 3．____________________________________离……远，远非 4．____________________________________一点不像，与……完全不同 5．____________________________________玩得很开心 6．____________________________________起初，一开始 7．____________________________________换句话说 8．____________________________________期待；盼望 9．____________________________________对……印象深刻 10．____________________________________在……开始的时候 11．____________________________________在……结束的时候 12．____________________________________被(划)分成…… 13．____________________________________参加
外研版高中英语必修三单词表（带音标） 课本单元单词音标中文 必修３1across[?'kr??s]prep.横过；穿过 必修３1boot[bu?t]n.长统靴；皮靴 必修３1continental[?kɑnt??nentl]adj.大陆的；大洲的 必修３1face[fe?s]vt.面向；面对 必修３1range[re?nd?]n.山脉 必修３1landmark[?l?nd?mɑrk]n.标志性建筑 必修３1gallery[?ɡ?l?ri]n.美术馆；画廊 必修３1situated[?s?t?u?e?t?d]adj.坐落/位于(某处)的必修３1symbol[?s?mb(?)l]n.象征；符号 必修３1located[l???ke?t?d]adj.位于 必修３1architect[?ɑ?k?tekt]n.建筑师 必修３1project[?pr?d?ekt]n.计划；项目；工程 必修３1sculpture[?sk?lpt??]n.雕刻；泥塑 必修３1birthplace[?b??θple?s]n.发源地 必修３1civilisation[?s?v?la??ze???n]n.文明 必修３1ancient[?e?n??nt]adj.古代的 必修３1opposite[??p?z?t]prep.在…对面 必修３1sign[sa?n]vt.签署 必修３1agreement[??ɡri?m?nt]n.协议；契约 必修３1whereabouts[?we?r??ba?ts]adv.在哪里 必修３1govern[?ɡ?v(?)n]vt.统治；治理 必修３1head[hed]n.领袖；领导人 必修３1representative[repr??zent?t?v]n.代表 必修３1parliament[?pɑ?l?m?nt]n.国会；议会 必修３1region[?ri?d??n]n.地区；区域 必修３1geographical[?d?i???ɡr?f?k(?)l]adj.地理的 必修３1feature[fi?t??]n.特点 必修３1produce[pr?'dju?s]n.产品；农产品 必修３2hunger[?h??ɡ?]n.饥饿 必修３2income[??nk?m]n.收入 必修３2poverty[/?p?v?ti ]n.贫穷 必修３2human['hju?m?n]n.(与动物等对比的)人必修３2development[d??vel?pm?nt]n.发展 必修３2index[??ndeks]n.指数 必修３2measure[?me??]vt.测定；测量；评估 必修３2goal[g??l]n.目标 必修３2expectancy[?k?spekt?nsi](根据概率得出的)预期数额必修３2position[p??z??(?)n]n.位置 必修３2educate[?edj?ke?t]vt.教育；培养；训练 必修３2figure[?f?ɡ?]n.数字 必修３2household[?ha?s?h??ld]n.一家人；家庭 必修３2homeless['h??ml?s]adj.无家可归的 必修３2charity['t??r?ti]n.慈善团体 必修３2crowded[?kra?d?d]adj.拥挤的 必修３2freeway[?fri?we?]n.高速公路 必修３2inhabitant[?n?h?b?t?nt]n.居民 必修３2similarity[?s?m??ler?ti]n.类似；相似 必修３2unfortunate[?n?f?rt??n?t]adj.不幸的；遗憾的 必修３2location[l??'ke???n]n.位置；所在地 必修３2tourism[?t??r?z(?)m]n.旅游业 必修３2transport[tr?ns?p??t]n.交通工具 必修３2industrial[?n?d?stri?l]adj.工业的 必修３2polluted[p?'lu?t?d]adj.受到污染的 必修３2smart[smɑ?t]adj.漂亮的;整洁的;时髦的必修３2vast[vɑ?st]adj.巨大的;庞大的;浩瀚的必修３2entertainment[ent??te?nm?nt]n.娱乐 必修３2exchange[?ks?t?e?nd?]n.交换 必修３3disaster[d??zɑ?st?]n.灾难 必修３3flood[fl?d]n.洪水
必修1 第一单元 ANNE’S BEST FRIEND Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend. 安妮最好的朋友 你想不想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友？或者你会不会担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？安妮?弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，所以她把的日记视为自己最好的朋友。 Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II. Her family was Jewish so she had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis. She and her family hidden away for two years before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, ―I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.‖ Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942. 在第二次世界大战期间，安妮住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是犹太人，所以他们不得不躲藏起来，否则就会被德国的纳粹分子抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了25个月之后才被发现。在那段时期，她的日记成了她唯一忠实的朋友。她说：―我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把我的日记当作自己的朋友，我把我的这个朋友叫做基蒂。‖现在，来看看安妮自1942年7月起躲进藏身处后的那种心情吧。 Thursday 15, June, 1944 Dear kitty, I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That’s changed since I was here. For example, when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn’t dare open a window. Another time some months ago, I happened to be upstairs one evening when the window was open. I didn’t go downstairs until the window had to be shut. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face… Sadly…I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows. It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.