高中英语语法(时态和语态)
一．动词的时态
时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有16种时态，但是常见的只有九种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。
(一）一般现在时（do / does）
1．具体用法
1) 表示经常性或习惯性动作
We always care for each other and help each other. 我们总是互相关心互相帮助。
He goes to school every day.
2)表示现在的特征或状态
He is very happy.
Do you sing? ----A little.
3)表示普遍真理
Light travels faster than sound. 光速比声速快。
Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜过言语。
* 常与一般现在时态连用的词或短语主要有：often, usually, sometimes, every day,
every morning/afternoon, on Sundays/weekends等等。
I often go to the cinema on Sundays. 我经常星期天去看电影。
He goes to work early every day. 他每天上班很早。
（二）一般过去时( did )
（1）表示过去某一特定时间所发生的、可完成的动作或状态，常与表示确切过去时间的词、短语或从句连用。例如：
We went to the pictures last night and saw a very interesting film.
（2）表示过去习惯性动作。例如：
He always went to class last.
I used to do my homework in the library.
（三）一般将来时( will / shall do)
1）表示将来打算进行或期待发生的动作或状态。例如：
I shall graduate next year.
2）一般将来时有时可以表示一种倾向或习惯性动作。如
Crops will die without water.
You won’t succeed with out their support.
3) 几种替代形式：
*be going to +v在口语中广泛使用，表示准备做或将发生的事情。例如：
I'm going to buy a house when we've saved enough money.
*be to +v表示计划安排要做的事，具有"必要"的强制性意义。例如：
I am to play tennis this afternoon.
*be about to +v表示即将发生的事情。例如：
He was about to start.
*be due to +v表示预先确定了的事，必定发生的事。例如：
The train is due to depart in ten minutes.
5）少数动词如：begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等的一般现在时可用来表示将来的动作。（多用来表示按计划事先安排好即将发生的动作，句中通常还有一个表示将来的时间状语）。例如：
The meeting begins at seven.
The train starts at nine in the morning.
（四）现在进行时( is / are doing)
1）表示现在某时或某段时间内正在进行的动作。常与现在进行时连用的词组
是now，right now，at the mother，for the time being，for the present, 或某个具体的时间（几点钟）。
He is writing a letter now.
She is visiting Beijing this week.
2）有时用来代替一般现在时态，表示一个经常性动作或状态，这时是为了表示
一种感情（如赞叹，厌烦，满意，不满等）
He is always thinking of his work. (表示赞许)
The boy is always talking in class. （表示不满）
3) 有时用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有一个表示未来的时间的状语）
We are leaving on Friday. 我们星期五动身。
How many of you are coming to the party?
（五）现在完成时（have / has done）
（1）现在完成时用来表示对目前状况仍有影响的，刚刚完成的动作（常与yet，already，just连用），或者过去某一时刻发生的，持续到现在的情况（常与for，since连用）。例如：
I have just finished my homework.
Mary has been ill for three days.
（2）常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：since, for, during, over等引导出的短语；副词already, yet, just, ever, now, before, often, lately, recently等；状语词组this week (morning, month, year), so far, up to now, many times, up to the present等。例如：
So far, she hasn't enjoyed the summer vacation.
There have been a lot of changes since 1978.
（3）完成时态可用在下列结构中：
*This (That, It) is (was) the first (second...) time +定语从句；
*This (That, It) is (was) the only (last) + n +定语从句；
*This (That, It) is (was) +形容词最高级+ n +定语从句。
如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词通常用现在完成时；如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时，从句谓语动词通常用过去完成时。例如：
（1）This is one of the rarest questions that have ever been raised at such a meeting.
（2）There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone had interrupted me that evening.
（六）过去进行时(was / were doing)
过去进行时表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生后，另一个过去的动作正在进行，或表示过去反复的习惯，常与always，continually，constantly等动词连用。例如：1）We were discussing the matter when the headmaster entered.
2）Whenever I visited him, he was always writing at the desk.
（七）过去完成时( had done)
（1）表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况，这个过去的时间可以用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示；或者表示一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成。例如：1）We had just had our breakfast when Tom came in.
2）By the end of last year they had turned out 5, 000 bicycles.
（2）动词expect, hope, mean, intend, plan, suppose, wish, want, desire等用过去完成时，表示过去的希望、预期、意图或愿望等没有实现。例如：
I had meant to take a good holiday this year, but I wasn't able to get away.
另外两种表示"过去想做而未做的事"的表达方式是：
1）was / were + to have done sth, 例如：
We were to have come yesterday, but we couldn't.
2）intended (expected, hope, meant, planned, supposed, wished, wanted, desired) + to have done sth, 如：
I meant to have told you about it, but I forgot to do so.
（3）过去完成时常用于以下固定句型：
1）hardly, scarcely, barely + 过去完成时+ when + 过去时。例如：
Hardly had I got on the bus when it started to move.
2）no sooner +过去完成时+ than +过去时。例如：
No sooner had I gone out than he came to see me.
3）by (the end of ) +过去时间，主句中谓语动词用过去完成时。例如：
The experiment had been finished by 4 o'clock yesterday afternoon.
(八)一般过去将来时
1. 一般过去将来时的形式
Should / would+ 动词原形
was / were + 动词-ing形式
2. 一般过去将来时常用于宾语从句中，其主语的谓语动词为过去时态，可表示从过去某时看来将要发生的事情，如：
He said that he would speak at the meeting.
He was sixty-eight. In two years he would be seventy.
（九）现在完成进行时( has / have been doing)
现在完成进行时表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直延续到过去某一时刻。例如：
I have been looking for my lost book for three days, but I still haven't found it.
运用动词时态要注意的几个问题
（一）在时间和条件等状语从句中不要用将来时态，如
We’ll give him the book if he wants it.
He decided to fight back if he was hit again.
I’ll call you as soon as I’ve finished my work.
(二) 时态的一致（时态的呼应），如
We saw that the smoke was coming from a window.
I didn’t know if she would come.
He admitted that he had been on the march.
*不进行时态调整的情况：
1）从句说的是一种普遍真理，如：
Long ago, people didn’t know the earth moves round the sun.
2）当从句的谓语改成过去时可能造成误会，如
Did he say that the train leaves at 5:30?
（三）瞬间动词在完成时态中的使用，如：
误：I have received her letter for three months.
正：I received her letter three months ago.
正：It is three months since I received her letter.
（四）注意某些要求一定时态的句型
* was/ were doing sth. when …did sth.
I was reading a book when the bell rang
* was/were about to do sth. when … did sth.
We were about to leave when the telephone rang.
She was about to go out when it started to rain
* 表示做事做了第几次或共几次，要用完成时态，如：
It’s the first time I’ve seen her.
We have been there three times.
* It is / has been… since…
It is (has been) two weeks since I came here.
She said it was five hours since she had finished her work.
* hardly…when…
We had hardly got in the crops when it began to rain.
Hardly had we got in the crops when it began to rain.
* no sooner…than…
I had no sooner come into the room than the door was closed.
No sooner had I come into the room than the door was closed.
二．动词的语态
语态也是动词的一种形式，英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
1）We use electricity to run machines.（主动语态）
2）Electricity is used to run machines.（被动语态）
1．不能用于被动语态的动词和短语
（1）在英语中，不及物动词不能用于被动语态，但有些不及物动词（包括短语）容易引起误用。如：appear, belong, belong, die, escape, fall, happen, last, remain, succeed, occur, come true, take place, consist of。
（2）某些表示状态或特征的及物动词，如：become, contain, cost, fit, have, resemble, suit 也没有被动语态。
2．被动语态的时态形式
常用的被动语态有下表所列的几种时态形式。
时间一般时进行时完成时
现在am asked am being asked
is asked is being asked
are asked are being asked
过去was be asked was being asked
were be asked were being asked
将来shall be asked shall have been asked
will be asked will have been asked
过去should be asked should have been asked
将来would be asked would have been asked
3．短语动词的被动语态
短语动词转换为被动语态时，通常被看作是一个动词，后面的介词或副词不能拆开或省略。例如：
1）So far no correct conclusion has arrived at.
2）All the rubbish should be got rid of.
4．"get + -ed分词"的被动语态
"get + -ed分词"结构强调动作的结果，而非动作本身，常用来表示突发性的，出乎意料的偶然事件。例如：
The boy got hurt on his way home from work.
另外，"get + -ed分词"还可用于谈论为自己做的事，是主动的行为而不是被动的行为。例如：
get dressed（穿衣服）get divorced（离婚）
get engaged（订婚）get confused（迷惑不解）
get lost（迷路）get washed（洗脸）
get married（结婚）
5．被动语态与系表结构的区别
（1）The novel was well written.（系表结构）
（2）The novel was written by Diskens.（被动语态）
6．不能用于被动语态的及物动词，如：have, fit, hold, lack, cost…
I have a computer.
The hall can hold 200 people.
7. 主动性式表被动意义
①当feel、look、smell、taste、sound等后面接形容词时；当cut、read、sell、wear、write等词带状语修饰语时；当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”等意义时。
This kind of cloth washes easily.这种布易洗。
These novels won’t sell well.这些小说不畅销。
My pen writes smoothly.我的钢笔写起来很流畅。
The door won’t lock.门锁不上。
The fish smells good.鱼闻起来香。
②当break out、take place、shut off、turn off、work out等动词表示“发生、关闭、制定”等意思时。
The plan worked out successfully.
The lamps on the wall turn off.
③want, require, need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义。
④be worth doing用主动形式表示被动含义。
⑤在“be + 形容词+ to do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。
This kind of water isn’t fit to drink.
The girl isn’t easy to get along with.
另外：be to blame(受谴责)，be to rent（出租）也用主动形式表被动。
Choose the right answer
1. They _____ friends since they met in Shanghai.
A. have made
B. have become
C. have been
D. have had
2. The secretary is going to report to the manager as soon as he ______.
A. will arrive
B. arrives
C. is going to arrive
D. is arriving
3. We all know that ice ______.
A. feel cold
B. is felt sold
C. is feeling cold
D. feels cold
4. ---This cloth _____ well and _____ long.
--- OK. I’ll take it.
A. washes ; lasts
B. is washed; lasted
C. washes, is lasted
D. is washing, lasting
5. Helen _____ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _____ home.
A. has left; comes
B. left; had come
C. had left; came
D. had left; would come
6. It _____ every day so far this week.
A. is raining
B. rained
C. rains
D. has been raining
7. --- Are you going to the movies tonight?
--- Yes, I ______ my work by that time.
A. will finish
B. finish
C. am going to finish
D. will have finished
8. --- Was the driving pleasant when you vacationed in Mexico last summer?
--- No, it _____ for four days when we arrived, so the roads were very muddy.
A. was raining
B. would be raining
C. had been raining
D. has rained
9. You won’t know if the coat fits you until you _____ it on.
A. will try
B. are trying
C. tried
D. have tried
10. My dictionary _______, I have looked for it everywhere but still _______.
A. has lost; don’t find
B. is missing; don’t find
C. has lost; haven’t found
D. is missing; haven’t found
11. --- How long ______ each other before they _____ married?
--- For about a year.
A. have they known; get
B. did they know; were going to get
C. do they know; are going to get
D. had they known; got
12. --- Come in, Peter, I want to show you something.
--- Oh, how nice of you. I _____ you _____ to bring me a gift.
A. never think; are going
B. never thought; were going
C. didn’t think; are going
D. hadn’t thought; were going
13. When Jack arrived he learned Mary _______ for almost an hour.
A. had gone
B. had set off
C. had left
D. had been away
14 --- I’m sorry to keep you waiting.
--- Oh, not at all. I ______ here only a few minutes.
A. have been
B. had been
C. was
D. will
15. The police found that the house _______ and s lot of things ______.
A. has broken into; has been stolen
B. had broken into; had been stolen
C. has been broken into; stolen
D. had been broken into; stolen
16. --- Have you moved into the house?
--- Not yet. The rooms ________.
A. are being painted
B. are painting
C. are painted
D. are being painting
17. If the city noises _______ from increasing, people ______ shout to be heard at the dinner table 20 years from now.
A. are not kept ; will have to
B. are not kept; have to
C. do not keep; will have to
D. do not keep, have to
18. --- ________ the sports meet might be put off.
--- Yes, it all depends on the weather.
A. I’ve been told
B. I’ve told
C. I’m told
D. I was told
19. I don’t think J im saw me; he ______ into space.
A. just stared (凝视)
B. was just staring
C. has just stared
D. had just stared
20. --- _______ my glasses?
--- Yes, I _______ them on your bed a minute ago.
A. Do you see; saw
B. Had you seen; have seen
C. Have you seen; saw
D. Would you see; saw
21. --- We could have walked to the station; it was so near.
--- Yes. A taxi _______ at all necessary.
A. wasn’t
B. hadn’t been
C. wouldn’t be
D. won’t be
22. --- Who is Jerry Cooper?
--- ______? I saw you shake hands with him at the meeting.
A. Don’t you meet him yet
B. Hadn’t you met him yet
C. Didn’t you meet him yet
D. Haven’t you met him yet
23. --- Nancy is not coming tonight.
--- But she _______!
A. promises
B. promised
C. will promise
D. had promised
24. _______ it with me and I’ll see what I can do.
A. When left
B. Leaving
C. If you leave
D. Leave
25. It is clear that his poor education _______ him back.
A. has been held
B. is holding
C. will be held
D. had held
26. --- How are you planning to travel to Shanghai?
--- I ____ yet, but I ______ taking a train.
A. haven’t decided; am considering
B. haven’t decided, consider
C. didn’t decided; am considering
D. hadn’t decided; have considered
27. The pen I _______ I _______ is on my desk, right under my nose.
A. think, lose
B. thought , had lost
C. think , had lost
D. thought, have lost
28. --- Have you heard about the new school?
--- No, when and where to build the new one _______ yet.
A. is not decided
B. are not decided
C. hasn’t decided
D. haven’t decided
29. --- Sorry, I’m late.
--- That’s OK. I _____ long.
A. haven’t waited
B. don’t wait
C. haven’t been waiting
D. didn’t wait
30. --- Nancy sat in the front seat on the left side of the classroom.
--- Oh! I thought she ______ in the back.
A. will sit
B. had sat
C. is sitting
D. has sat
31. I ______ my face when suddenly someone ______ at the door.
A. washed, knocked
B. washed, was knocking
C. was washing, was knocking
D. was washing, knocked
32. I ______ at the station half an hour ago, but the train _____ yet.
A. arrived, hadn’t come
B. was arriving, hadn’t co me
C. arrived, hasn’t come
D. had arrived, didn’t come
33. --- Why did you come by taxi?
--- My car broke down last week and I still _______ it repaired.
A. haven’t had
B. didn’t have
C. don’t have
D. won’t have
34. I’m surprised to find you here looking well and playing tennis, Jim. Ann said that you _____
sick.
A. are
B. were
C. would be
D. had been
35. The price _________, but I doubt whether it will remain so.
A. went down
B. will go down
C. has gone done
D. was going down
36. --- Did you go to Qingdao for vacation last August?
--- I _______ to go, but I got sick at the last minute.
A. was planning
B. had been planning
C. planned
D. have planned
37. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life _____ so happy.
A. did I feel
B. I felt
C. I had felt
D. had I felt
38. --- How are you today?
--- Oh, I ________ as ill as I do now for a very long time.
A. didn’t feel
B. wasn’t feeling
C. don’t feel
D. haven’t felt
39. The reporter said the UFO ______ east to west when he saw it.
A. was travelling
B. travelled
C. had been travelling
D. was to travel
40. --- I think that you need ______ practice on playing the violin.
--- ______ violin lessons every two weeks, b ut I think I’ll make it every week from now on.
A. less; I have
B. less; I’ve taking
C. more; I have
D. more; I’ve been having
41. I remember ______ for the job, but I forget the exact number.
A. to be paid
B. being paid
C. get paid
D. that I receive pay
42. By this time you come, I ______ the task ______ to me last month.
A. have finished, given
B. will have finished, to be given
C. will have finished, given
D. have finished, to be given
43. There was a knock at the door. It was the second time that someone ______ me that evening.
A. to have interrupted
B. would have interrupted
C. had interrupted
D. to interrupt
44. ---- It is a long time ______ I saw you last.
---- Yes. And it will be a long time ______ we see each other again.
A. before, since
B. since, before
C. then, then
D. when, when
45. We ______ that you would be able to visit us, but you did not.
A. hope
B. hoped
C. had hoped
D. are hoping
46. Mary felt both unprepared and nervous about the interview which she ______ the next day.
A. was bout to face
B. is going to face
C. will face
D. was to face
47. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they ______.
A. have survived
B. are to survive
C. would survive
D. will survive
48. ---- Are you member of the club?
---- ______. It’s ten years since I ______ a member of the club.
A.Yes, was
B. No, became
C. Yes, had been
D. No, was
49. She ______ law the moment she has finished high school.
A. is going to study
B. is to study
C. is about to study
D. will be studying
50. The bikes produced in that factory are of high quality. So they ______ well both at home and abroad.
A. sell
B. are sold
C. may be sold
D. are to be sold
（精选+详解）高三英语名校试题汇编（第4期）专题7 动词的时 态和语态（教师版） 1.【苏锡常镇四市高三教学情况调研（一）】3 2. It’s true that we don’t know what we’ve got until we lose it, but it’s also true that we don’t know what we ________ until it arrives. A. had missed B. missed C. have been missing D. will have missed 2.【盐城市高三二模】2 3. Since the recent river pollution in Shanxi Province, people ____ more and more attention to the water quality. A. pay B. are paying C. have paid D. have been paying 【考点定位】考查动词的时态和语态。 3.【盐城市高三二模】33. —Can you get me some of the novels?
—By all means. All but one of them ____ in our company. A. published B. was published C. were p ublished D. had been published 4.【南京市二模】28. Since the band announced the release of their new album, the phone hasn’t stopped ringing. Many fans ________ to ask about the exact time. A. were calling B. had called C. are calling D. call 5.【南京市二模】22. —The heavy snow hasn’t caused my inconvenience to people in Nanjing, has it?
高中英语语法(时态和语态) 一．动词的时态 时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有16种时态，但是常见的只有九种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。 (一）一般现在时（do / does） 1．具体用法 1) 表示经常性或习惯性动作 We always care for each other and help each other. 我们总是互相关心互相帮助。 He goes to school every day. 2)表示现在的特征或状态 He is very happy. Do you sing? ----A little. 3)表示普遍真理 Light travels faster than sound. 光速比声速快。 Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜过言语。 * 常与一般现在时态连用的词或短语主要有：often, usually, sometimes, every day, every morning/afternoon, on Sundays/weekends等等。 I often go to the cinema on Sundays. 我经常星期天去看电影。 He goes to work early every day. 他每天上班很早。 （二）一般过去时( did ) （1）表示过去某一特定时间所发生的、可完成的动作或状态，常与表示确切过去时间的词、短语或从句连用。例如： We went to the pictures last night and saw a very interesting film. （2）表示过去习惯性动作。例如： He always went to class last. I used to do my homework in the library. （三）一般将来时( will / shall do) 1）表示将来打算进行或期待发生的动作或状态。例如： I shall graduate next year. 2）一般将来时有时可以表示一种倾向或习惯性动作。如 Crops will die without water. You won’t succeed with out their support. 3) 几种替代形式： *be going to +v在口语中广泛使用，表示准备做或将发生的事情。例如： I'm going to buy a house when we've saved enough money. *be to +v表示计划安排要做的事，具有"必要"的强制性意义。例如： I am to play tennis this afternoon. *be about to +v表示即将发生的事情。例如： He was about to start. *be due to +v表示预先确定了的事，必定发生的事。例如： The train is due to depart in ten minutes. 5）少数动词如：begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等的一般现在时可用来表示将来的动作。（多用来表示按计划事先安排好即将发生的动作，句中通常还有一个表示将来的时间状语）。例如： The meeting begins at seven.
八：动词时态和语态 1. When I saw Mary, she ______ on the piano. A. is playing B. plays C. was playing D. played 2. She ______ the door before she goes away. A. had locked B. is locking C. has locked. D. was locking. 3. A hunter is a man who ______ animals. A. catch B. catches C. will catch D. was catching 4. What _____ if I drink this? A. happens B. is happening C. will happen D. is happened 5. I will visit you if Father ______ me. A. let B. lets C. is letting D. will let 6. Look out! That tree _____ fall down. A. is going to B. will be C. shall D. would 7. My uncle _____ to see me. He'll be here soon. A. comes B. is coming C. had come D. came 8. They can't leave until they _____ their work. A. did B. are doing C. have done D. has done 9. "Has he seen this film?" " Yes. He ______ it several days ago. " A. saw B. has seen C. had seen D. was seeing 10. Now Mike isn't here. He ______ Mr. Green's. Perhaps he ______ back in a few minutes. A. went to; is coming B. has gone to; will come C. has been to; will be D. is going to; has come 11. That day he ._______ his clothes before he came to see me. A. has washed B. washed C. had been washing D. was washed 12. I haven't finished my composition. I ______ for two hours and a half. A. have written it B. have been writing it C. wrote it D. am writing it 13. I will take my daughter with me when I _____ Shanghai, A. go to B. will go to C. have been to D. have gone to 14. This bright girl ______ the truth in front of the enemy. A. didn't say B. couldn't speak to C. said D. didn't tell
高中英语动词时态和语态专项练习题 1 (2002全国高考题)—You haven’t said a word about my new coat，Brenda.Do you like it? —I’m sorry I ________ anything about it sooner.I certainly think it’s pretty on you. A.wasn’t saying B.don’t say C.won’t say D.didn’t say 2.(2002全国高考题)I wonder why Jenny ________us recently.We should have heard from her by now. A.hasn’t written B.doesn’t write C.won’t write D.hadn’t written 3.(2003北京春季高考题)—When will you come to see me，Dad? —I will go to see you when you ________ the training course. A.will have finished B.will finish C.are finishing D.finish 4.(2003北京春季高考题)—How long ________ at this job? —Since 1990. A.were you employed B.have you been employed C.had you been employed D.will you be employed 5.(2003上海春季高考题)By the end of last year，another new gymnasium ________ in Beijing. A.would be completed B.was being completed C.has been completed D.had been completed 6.(2002北京高考题)The little girl ________her heart out because she ________ her toy bear and believed she wasn’t ever going to find it. A.had cried; lost B.cried; had lost C.has cried; has lost D.cries; has lost 7.(2002北京高考题)—Excuse me，sir.Would you do me a favor? —Of course.What is it? —I ________ if you could tell me how to fill out this form. A.had wondered B.was wondering C.would wonder D.did wonder 8.(2002上海高考题)He will have learned English for eight years by the time he ________ from the university next year. A.will graduate B.will have graduated C.graduates D.is to graduate 9.(2002上海高考题)I feel it is your husband who ________for the spoiled child. A.is to blame B.is going to blame C.is to be blame D.should blame 10.He has been writing the composition the whole morning and he still ________. A.has been B.does C.has D.is 11.If city noises ________ from increasing，people ________ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now. A.are not kept; will have to B.are not kept; have to C.do not keep; will have to D.do not keep; have to 12.The price ________，but I doubt whether it will remain so. A.went down B.will go down C.has gone down D.was going down 13.—How long ________ each other before they ________ married? —For about a year. A.have they known; get B.did they know; get C.do they know; are going to get D.had they known; got 14.You can’t move in right now.The house ________. A.has painted B.is painted C.is being painted D.is painting
高中英语语法复习讲义——动词的时态 一. 概念: 时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式，表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态.英语中的时态是通过动词形式本身的变化来实现的.英语有16种时态，但中学阶段较常用的有十种:一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，过去将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，将来进行时，过去完成时，英在完成时和现在完成进行时. 二.相关知识点精讲 1.一般现在时的用法 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语：every…，sometimes，at…，on Sunday。例如： I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如： The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 3) 表示格言或警句。例如： Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如： I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。 I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。 2. 一般过去时的用法 1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday，last week，an hour ago，the other day，in 1982等。例如： Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了? 2)表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如：
高考英语语法专题复习动词时态和语态 Document number：PBGCG-0857-BTDO-0089-PTT1998
高考英语语法复习专题：动词时态和语态 一、考点聚焦 1、动词时态考查要点简述 （1）一般现在时考点分析 ①表示客观事实或普通真理（不受时态限制） The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. Water boils at 100o C. ②表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用 动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。 Ice feels cold. We always care for each other and help each other. ③表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等。如： I know what you mean. Smith owns a car and a house. All the students here belong to Middle School. ④在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示时态。 If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.如果你愿意接受并参加我们的舞会，我的家人会非常高兴。 ⑤少数用于表示起止的动词如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、pen、close、end、stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示一 个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。当be表示根据时间或事先安排，肯定会出现的状态，只用一般现在时。 The shop closes at 11:00 . every day. Tomorrow is Wednesday.
2020届高三好教育精准培优专练 培优点一动词的时态和语态 一、真题在线 1.（2019·江苏卷·单项选择）A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ___________ in love with the people and culture there. A. would fall B. had fallen C. has fallen D. fell 【答案】D 【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：他到中国几个月后，就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。发生在had arrived 之后的动作或状态应用一般过去时。故选D。 2.（2019·江苏卷·单项选择）They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals _________ by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics. A. will install B. will have been installed C. are installed D. have been installed 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：他们正努力确保在2022年北京冬奥会之前安装5G终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作，用将来完成时。“5G终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选B。 3.（2019·江苏卷·单项选择）The musician along with his band members ___________ ten performances in the last three months. A. gives B. has given C. have given D. give 【答案】B 【解析】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由in the last three months可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，故排除AD选项。本句主语为the musician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的along with his band members是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。 4.（2019·天津卷·单项选择）___________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it. A. had hoped B. am hoping C. have hoped D. would hope
高中英语语法（时态语态篇）练习题精选 ( ) 1. –Where is the morning paper?–I ________ for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get ( ) 2. ________ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are ( ) 3. If they come, we ________ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have ( ) 4. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll go roller-skating. A. isn’t rain B. won’t rain C. doesn’t rain D. doesn’t fine ( ) 5. Tomorrow he ________ a kite in the open air first, and then ______ boating in the park. A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go ( ) 6. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be ( ) 7. They ________ an English evening next Sunday. A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have ( ) 8. Sorry, I can’t open the door, for I the key to it. A. lost B. lose C. had lost D. have lost ( ) 9. —It’s good to see you again, Agnes. —This has been our first chance to visit since from Iran. A. you return B. you returned C. you have returned D. returning ( ) 10. — Did you expect Frank to come to the party? — No, but I had hoped . A. him coming B. him to come C. that he comes D. that he would come ( ) 11. — Bob must be very wealthy. — Yes, he more in one day than I do in a week.
人教版高中英语必修二 知识点梳理 重点题型（常考知识点）巩固练习 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 概念引入： He is a person who never gives up. 他是个永远不服输的人。 I found him in the woods, where has a well-known tree. (我是在树林里找到他的，那里有一棵很有名的树。) Our guide,(who was a Frenchman, ) was an excellent cook. 我们的导游是个很优秀的厨师，他是个法国人 She was not on the train which arrived just now。 她没在刚刚到达的那辆车上 语法点拨 什么是定语从句？ 修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做定语从句。引导定语从句的关系词有： 关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that 关系副词：when, where, why 我们把下面两个句子组合成一个复合句： 1. This is our school. It is beautiful. →This is our school which is beautiful. 2. This is our school. We study in our school. →This is our school which we study in. →This is our school in which we study. →This is our school where we study. 3. Do you know the room? It is made of amber. →Do you know the room which is made of amber? 4. I have read the newspaper. It carries the important news. →I have read the newspaper which carries the important news. 从上述定语从句的组合我们可以看出： 先行词和关系词的关系：关系代词实际上是先行词的复指；关系词whose 实际上是先行词的所有格。 1. A plane is a machine that can fly. the machine = that 2. The boy who broke the window is called Wangkai. the boy =who 3. The boy whose parents are working outside was brought up by his grandfather. the boy’s =whose 【高一英语语法（二）定语从句（二）356521限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句】
高考英语——动词的时态和语态（专项练习题） 单句语法填空 1．We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite，rather than ________ (divide) us. 2．Silk ________(become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. 3．When the time came to make the final decision for a course，I decided to apply for the one that ________(reflect) my interest. 4．More efforts，as reported，________(make)in the years ahead to accelerate the supply－side structural reform. 5．Dashan，who ________ (learn)crosstalk，the Chinese comedic tradition，for decades，wants to mix it up with the Western stand－up tradition. 6．When walking down the street，I came across David，whom I ________ (see) for years. 7．Two years ago，while Cathy ________ (watch) the Olympics，a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer. 8．Jack ________(work)in the lab when the power cut occurred. 9.I ________(read)half of the English novel，and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend. 10．The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ________ (reward)success in the end. 11．—Excuse me，which movie are you waiting for? —The new Star Wars.We ________ (wait)here for more than two hours. 12．Secret codes keep messages private.Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information ________ (send)by computer. 13．People in this area are in fact French citizens because it________(be) a colony of the French Republic since 1946.
教学过程 一、复习预习 教师引导学生复习上节课所学的知识点，（以提问、回顾的形式进行），针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑 二、知识讲解 考点/易错点1 1.主要时态的考查 1．一般现在时 (1)表示现在的状态以及经常性或习惯性的动作。
He often gets up at six in the morning. 他经常早上6点起床。 (2)表示客观事实或普遍真理。 As we know, light travels faster than sound. 众所周知，光比声音传播得快。 (3)在时间、条件或让步状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来。 As long as it doesn't rain tomorrow, we'll have a trip on schedule. 只要明天不下雨，我们就按原计划旅行。 (4)常用来表示按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作，只限于表示起止的动词如go，come，arrive, leave，start，fly，return等。 The live football match starts at 9 o'clock this evening.足球实况转播今晚9点钟开始。 2．一般过去时 (1)表示过去的事情、动作或状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。 Long long ago, there was a war between birds and beasts. 很久很久以前，鸟类和兽类发生过一场战争。 (2)表示说话人原来没有料到、想到的事。 I didn't know you were here. How long have you been here？我不知道你在这里，你来了多久了？ 3．一般将来时 (1)表示将来的动作或状态常用will/shall＋动词原形，will还表示临时做出的决定。 —The light is still on. 灯还亮着。
2012届新课标高三第二轮专题讲解 动词是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词，在历年高考题中动词所占比例最大。设题时给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词及其短语意义的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中。 英语中的时态共有十六种，但是常考的或较常用的有十一种。见下表： （一）一般现在时 1.表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用行为动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用 We always care for each other and help each other. 2.表示客观事实或普遍真理(不受主句时态的限制) The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.
1.表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，只用一般现在时； The plane takes off at 10:00 a.m.飞机上午10点起飞。 2.在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从 句中有时可以用shall或will表“意愿”，不表示时态； I’ll go there after I finish my work. If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased. 3.以here, there开头的句子里，go, come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。 There comes the bus.汽车来了。 Here she comes.她来了。 （二）一般过去时 1.过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或存在的状态 He lived in Beijing when he was young.他年轻时生活在北京。 2.表达过去发生的动作 We visited the factory last Friday.上周五我们参观了那家工厂。 1.有些动词如：think, want, plan等用在一般过去时中常常译为“原来认为/以为，原来想，原计划”。 I thought the film would be interesting, but it isn't.我原以为这部电影是很有趣的，但是事实并非如此。 2.考生有时用现在完成时代替一般过去时 Hello, I _______you were in London. How long _________here? A. don’t know; were you B. hadn’t known; are you C. haven’t known; are D. didn’t know; have you be en 【解析】非常容易误选B。其实答案为D，因为“didn’t know” 强调的是见面前不知道，即指过去不知道。 （三）一般将来时
高考英语语法时态复习教案 君山区第一中学杨春霞 Step 1：导入（用一个小幽默故事导入时态复习） The Father and His Son Father: You know, Tom, when Lincoln ___(be) your age, he ___(be) a very good pupil. In fact, he ___(be) the best pupil in his class. Tom: Yes, Father. I ____ (know) that. But when he ____(be) your age, he____ (be) President of the United States. Step2：高考命题思路 动词的时态和语态是历年高考英语测试的重中之重，每年试题一般不低于两道。命题思路有三种： 一是直接给出标志性时间状语，考生能根据其作出选择； 二是给出时间状语，但所给时间状语有较强的干扰性，考生不能直接根据时间状语作出选择，而需要结合语境进行判断； 三是没有任何时间状语，需要借助于上下文语境，才能作出正确判断。 Step 3 应考策略 高考命题中往往不会涉及单一的时态，而是更多地侧重于时态的交叉使用和时态干扰。 考生答题时要认真研读题干，寻找尽可能多的“时间参照信息”，尤其是句中其他动词的时态，以及修饰动词的状语信息等等。关于被动语态题，做题时应首先根据主语与谓语的关系确定是否是被动关系，然后再根据有关时间信息确定用哪种时态。 Step 4： 最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配 一般现在every …, sometimes,at …, on Sunday 现在进行now, 现在完成for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past years, always, recently 一般过去yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now
高中英语语法复习学案教师版——动词的时态和语态 动词的时态 一、一般体考点 （一）一般现在时 1. The geography teacher told us that the earth moves (move) around the sun. 2. Water boils (boil) at 100 ℃. 3.The careless driver has just been fined $ 10 for stopping his car at a sign that reads (read) “NO PARKING”. 4. Whatever you say (say), I will not change my mind. 5. Don’t try to run before you begin (begin) to walk. 6. I’ll go with you if I finish (finish) my work. 【总结】 1．定义：表示现在的经常性、习惯性的动作或状态。 时间状语：every day; often; usually; always; seldom; sometimes 2. 一般现在时可以表示客观事实或普通真理。 3. 在让步、时间和条件状语从句中以及主语是祈使句时常用一般现在时代替将来时。 （二）一般过去时 1. --- Nancy is not coming tonight. --- But she promised (promise)! 2. My uncle didn’t marry (marry) until he was forty-five. 3. --- You haven’t said a word about my new car, Brenda. Do you like it? --- I’m sorry I didn’t say (not say) anything about it sooner. I certainly think it’s pretty on you. 4. --- Come on in, Peter. I want to show you something. --- Oh, how nice of you! I never thought (think) you were (be) going to bring me a gift. 5. --- Your phone number again! I didn’t catch (not catch) it. --- It’s 9598442. 【总结】 定义：过去某一时间发生的动作或所处的状态。含有“刚才，在过去”之意，暗示现在已经不这样。 时间状语：then; at that time; just now; three days ago; yesterday; when 或while 引导的表示过去的时间状语从句（三）一般将来时
必修一 语法点一：Be+v.ing表将来 use the present continuous tense for future plans In English, we have lots of ways of talking about the future. The most common ways of talking about the future we encounter use ‘will’ or ‘be going to’ followed by an infinitive（动词原形）, and we tend to use ‘be going to’ most often for talking about future plans. Sometimes, we also use the present continuous tense to talk about future plans. Ex. ①we are going to Mexico next Sunday. ② Are you coming to the cinema? ③ He is leaving for London in two hours. ④ We are spending next winter in Australia. Only some verbs can be used in this situation, such as: go, arrive, come, leave, start, stay, return, play, have, work, wear, spend, see, meet, etc. 扩展： What’s the difference between using ‘be going to’ and the present continuous to talk about future plans? Let’s look at some more examples: “I’m going to play football on Saturday” You have made a plan in your head but possibly not taken any real action to confirm it. Also, playing football on Saturday is probably not a regular event for you. “I’m playing football on Saturday” You have made a plan and taken some real action to confirm it (e.g. called your friends or booked a place to play). In this case, it’s likely that playing football on Saturdays is a common activity for you. 语法点二：Direct speech and indirect speech(直接引语和间接引语) Let's first define the terms, then look at how to talk about what someone said, and how to convert speech from direct to indirect or vice-versa. You can answer the question What did he say? in two ways: by repeating the words spoken (direct speech) by reporting the words spoken (indirect or reported speech). Direct speech repeats, or quotes, the exact words spoken. When we use direct speech in writing, we place the words spoken between quotation marks (" ") and there is no change in these words. Reported or indirect speech is usually used to talk about the past, so we normally change the tense of the words spoken. We use reporting verbs like 'say', 'tell', 'ask', and we may use the word 'that' to introduce the reported words. Quotation marks are not used. 1、declarative sentence陈述句 ①Change in pronoun:The pronoun (subject) of the reported speech is changed according to the pronoun of reporting verb or object (person) of reporting verb (first part of sentence). Sometimes the pronoun may not change. In following example the pronoun of reported speech is “I” which will be changed