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北京联合大学大学英语课程一课一练试卷(第二册Unit Three)(出题人:陈周云)

北京联合大学大学英语课程一课一练试卷(第二册Unit Three)(出题人:陈周云)
北京联合大学大学英语课程一课一练试卷(第二册Unit Three)(出题人:陈周云)

北京联合大学大学英语课程一课一练试卷(第二册Unit Three)(出题人:陈周云)

Part I Writing (30 minute)

注意:此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic The Prevalence of Western Holidays. Y ou should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

1. 中国传统节日受到冷遇,西方节日日益升温已成为趋势

2. 形成这种现象的原因

3. 你对这种现象的态度

The Prevalence of W estern Holidays

Part II Reading comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For question 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

Table Manners: a Cultural Difference

For many Westerners, the Chinese dinner table is a place where they have no idea how to act. There are no forks or knives for the Westerners to use. The Chinese people makes great, sweeping arm movements that go over large sections of the table, passing over both food and friends alike. The scene is fantastic(非常好的), but it leaves many foreigners at a loss(让……迷惑)for what to do.

In most Western restaurants and homes there are rules about how to talk, eat and sit that are highly restrictive(受限制的), and they create an environment that is completely different from what we find here in China. In my childhood home, dinner was enjoyed with soft voices, and the topics open for discussion were very much restricted. We were not allowed to bring up anything that was potentially upsetting; body functions(上洗手间), bugs, murder and crimes in general were all strictly forbidden topics. If I had to leave the table to use the toilet, I had to excuse myself without mentioning what I was really going to do. "May I be excused, please? I need to wash my hands." I would say.

My mother would say, "Sure." My father would often play a joke on us by saying, "Y our hands don't look dirty to me!"

As for eating, we did it quietly. No eating noises were allowed.

Everything must be done as quietly as possible. Therefore, we had to eat with our mouths closed. To make a loud noise was, perhaps, the worst offence possible. While drinking soup or coffee or wine, we had to try to be quiet. If any sound whatever was made when eating and drinking, it constituted bad manners! With that in mind, it was, of course, unthinkable to speak with one's mouth full of food, so speaking only occurred(发生)before or after one had taken in food and swallowed(吞咽)it.

How one sits at the table is also prescribed(被规定的). One is to sit up straight with the left hand below the table holding some paper or cloth and the right hand holding the fork or spoon. The only time one is allowed to have both hands on the table is when one is using a knife to cut something, but as soon as the cutting is done, the left hand goes back under the table. Also, elbows(肘)are not allowed on the table. Therefore, one leans the arm against the edge of the table just below the elbow. One should never reach for any food on the table; one should ask someone sitting near it to give it to you. "Would you please pass the potatoes?" "May I trouble you for the salt?" These are phrases that you are likely to hear on any given night of the week at a family dinner.

When a guest comes from the West to enjoy a meal with you, it would be a good idea for you to explain to your guest what will happen at dinner and to find out if a fork would be easier to use than chopsticks(筷子). In my time in China, I have come to enjoy Chinese table manners far more than those prescribed by my own culture, but for many it is impossible to adjust to. The best policy is to ask your guest questions to find out what he or she is comfortable with.

1.How do many foreigners feel when they sit at a Chinese dinner table?

A. fantastic

B. customary

C. confused

D. indifferent

2. Which of the following topic is not allowed at table according to Western manners?

A. school work

B. holidays

C. news

D. body functions

3. Which of the following movements is allowed in most Western restaurants and homes?

A. making great, sweeping arm movements

B. making a loud noise

C. speaking with one's mouth full of food

D. eating with one’s mouth closed

4. If a person wants to leave a western table to use the toilet, what will he say?

A. leaving without saying anything

B. “May I be excused, please? I need to wash my hands.”

C. “Excuse me, I want to go to the toilet.”

D. leaving the table is forbidden

5. When is a person allowed to speak at a western table?

A. speaking is forbidden

B. speaking in a low voice

C. speaking with one's mouth full of food

D. speaking before or after he had taken in food and swallowed it

6. In most Western restaurants and homes, when people want to get some food beyond reach on the table, what will they do?

A. reach for them himself

B. help themselves

C. let their neighbors to pass them

D. ask the hostess to fetch them

7. What can we infer from the passage?

A. The author likes Chinese table manners more than those in his/her own culture.

B. People enjoy the exchange of words at a western family dinner.

C. The author comes from a city in China.

D. Although different in table rules, Western and Chinese restaurants and homes have a somewhat similar environment.

8. In most Western restaurants and homes, making noise while eating is considered _____ to others.

9. In Western culture, it is _______ to put both hands on the dinner table unless when one wants to use a knife.

10. According to the author, many westerners find it _______ to adjust to Chinese table manners.

Part III Listening Comprehension (省略)

Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)

Section A

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

director of international ___47___. The company had just started a joint venture with a Japanese firm, and the American management needed someone to train the Japanese employees in its ___48___ technology. George’s ___49___ understanding of the equipment, its installation and use

made him the best-qualified employee for the job, so everyone was happy when George accepted a two-year contract for temporary __50__ to Japan.

From the start, George was well accepted by all the Japanese employees. Japanese managers often ____51___ anyone sent to ____52___ US

owners, but George was so ____53____ nonassertive that no one could see him as a ___54___ to their careers. So they felt comfortable asking his

advice on a wide ___55___ of matters, including the odd behavior of their partners across the ocean. Engineers throughout the company ____56____ George’s expertise and his friendly and capable help, and they got into the habit of turning to him whenever they had a probl em — any problem. And

the secretaries in the office were eager to help this nice bachelor learn Japanese.

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some

questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Y ou should decide on the

best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

Food preferences are perhaps the most familiar aspect of ethnocentrism(种族中心主义). Every culture has developed preferences for cert ain

kinds of food and drink, and equally strong negative attitudes toward others. It is interesting to note that much of this ethnocentrism is in our heads

and not in our tongues, for something can taste delicious until we are told what it is. We have all heard stories about people being fed a meal of snake

or horse meat or something equally repugnant in American culture and commenting on how tasty it was--until they were told what they had just eaten, upon which they turned green and hurriedly asked to be excused from the table.

Certain food preferences seem natural to us. We usually do not recognize that they are natural only because we have grown up with them; they

are quite likely to be unnatural to someone from a different culture. In Southeast Asia, for example, the majority of adults do not drink milk. To many

Americans it is inconceivable that people in other parts of the world do not drink milk, since to us it is a "natural" food. In china, dog meat is a

delicacy; but the thought of eating a dog is enough to make most Americans feel sick. Yet we can see how this is a part of a cultural pattern. Americans feel sick. Y et we can see how this is a part of a cultural pattern. Americans keep dogs as pets and tend to think of dogs as almost human. Therefore, we would not dream of eating dog meat. Horses, too, sometimes become pets, and horse meat is also rejected by most Americans, although not because of its taste. Y ou may have eaten it without knowing it, and you probably would not recognize it if someone didn't tell you were eating. On the other hand, we generally do not feel affection for cows or pigs, and we eat their meat without any feeling of regret. In India a cow receives the kind of care that a horse or a dog receives in our country, and the attitude of Indians toward eating beef is similar to our feeling about eating dog meat. On the other hand, in china dogs are not treated as kindly as they are in the United States. Since they are not pets, the attitude of Chinese people toward dogs is similar to our attitude toward cows.

57. When it comes to food preferences, ethnocentrism is generally less related to the taste of certain food than ________.

A. its smell

B. its color

C. people’s attitude towards it

D. the way in which it is cooked

58. The word “repugnant” could best be replaced by which of the following?

A. unpleasant

B. delicious

C. pleasing

D. natural

59. Most Americans may NOT feel sick at the thought of eating ________

A. dog meat

B. snake meat

C. horse meat

D. cow meat

60. What’s the average Indians’ attitude towards eating beef?

A. delicious

B. tasty

C. sick

D. natural

61. What’s Chinese attitude towards dogs?

A. They have no affection for dogs.

B. They keep dogs as pets.

C. They treat dogs as their family members.

D. They eat dog meat with the feeling of regret

Passage Two

Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

The communicative Style of Americans

Another way of describing differences between people from diverse cultural backgrounds, besides comparing their values, is comparing their communicative styles. When people with differing communicative styles interact, they frequently feel ill at ease, and they often misjudge or misunderstand each other. To help understand why that happens, and to try to reduce communication problems that arise when it does happen, it is helpful if foreigners know something about the communicative style of the local people, and the way it compares with their ow n communicative style. With that knowledge, the foreigner will be better able to understand what is happening when they dealing with the local people, and will know some of the ways in which the local people are likely to misunderstand and misjudge them. Here are some generalizations about the communicative

style of Americans.

In casual conversation (called “small talk”), Americans prefer to talk about the weather, sports, jobs, people they both know, or past experiences, especially ones they have in common. As they grow up, most Americans are warned not to discuss politics or religion, at least not with people they do not know rather well, because politics and religion are considered controversial topics. Sex, bodily functions, and perceived personal inadequacies are considered very personal topics, and they are likely to be discussed only between people who know each other very well. By contrast, people in some other cultures are taught to believe that politics and/or religion are good conversation topics and they may have different ideas about what topics are too “personal” to discuss with others.

In the typical conversation between Americans, no one talks for very long at a time. Participants in conversation “take turns”frequently, usually after the speaker has spoken only a few sentences. Americans prefer to avoid arguments; if argument is unavoidable, they prefer it to be restrained, carried on in a normal conversational tone and volume. Americans are generally rather impatient with “ritual” (例行的) conversational exchanges. (Only a very few of them are common: “How are you?”“Fine, thank you, how are you?”“Fine.”“It was very nice to meet you.”“I hope to meet you again.”)

People from other countries may be more accustomed to speaking and listening for longer periods when they are in a conversation; they may be accustomed to more ritual interchanges (about the health of family members, for example) than Americans are. They may enjoy arguing, even vigorous arguing, of a kind that Americans are likely to find unsettling.

62. The passage previous to this one is probably about ________.

A. a comparison between people living in different areas

B. a comparison of cultural backgrounds of different people

C. a comparison of people’s different values

D. a comparison of people’s different communicative styles

63. In causal conversation, Americans prefer to talk about the following except ___.

A. politics

B. sports

C. past experiences

D. jobs

64. The purpose in comparing people’s different communicative styles is to ____.

A. make people feel ill at ease.

B. compare people’s values

C. compare them with one’s own communicative style

D. reduce communication problems

65. In the typical conversation between Americans, _______.

A. it is not usual for one person to talk very long at a time

B. it is common for people to argue with each other

C. heated discussion is frequently adopted to argue with each other

D. “ritual” conversational exchanges are very common

66. People from countries other than U. S. may get used to the following except ___.

A. speaking very long at a time

B. restrained argument

C. ritual conversational exchanges

D. fierce argument

Part V Cloze (15 minutes)

Directions: T here are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. Y ou should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line

Part VI Translation (5 minutes)

Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.

87. _________________________________________________________, George accepted a permanent job.(当那份临时性的工作结束时)

88. __________________________________________________________________________________, the American companies need cultural translators even more than language translator.(为了确保他们在日本的合资企业赢利)

89. Somehow or other, George persuaded the America n manager to go along with the Japanese accountant’s decision, _____________________________.(从而缓解了两人之间的冲突)

90. All the Japanese employees, the personnel manager included, appreciated___________________________________.(乔治在他们遇到的众多问题上所给予的经常帮助)

91. He tried to ________________________________________________________________. (辨明给这位职员高薪是合理的)

Part VII Multiple Choice

2.Y ou made a good decision, and I thoroughly _____ of it.

3.They arrived at the stadium three hours early to _____ that they’d get good seats.

4.The company is now _____ thanks to the skillful management and outstanding technology.

5.The directors’ disagreement rapidly _____ into a fight, so t he meeting became more exciting than anyone had expected.

6.As a junior member of the school’s teaching staff, Janet didn’t feel _____ to discuss the issue with the principal.

7.The 20-year-old tennis player’s dream is to _____ China at the next Olympics.

8.It w as becoming _____ that the elderly chemist’s skills were no longer needed.

9.I don’t understand how you can _____ spending money on space exploration when there are hungry children in the world.

10.Many of the _____ that spring from cultural differences can be avoided if you keep an open mind.

11.In some ________ “mad” means “foolish”, in some “angry”, and in others “insane”.

12.If you have a sore throat ______ by a fever, you should see a doctor.

13.The hope of making further discoveries led the scientists to _______ deep into the uninhabited forest.

14.The merchant used to do anything that was _______ for him without worrying about the effects on other people.

15.As engineer-in-chief, he is in charge of the ________ and maintenance of equipment.

Part VIII Matching

Part IX Blank-filling

Directions:Fill in each of the blanks in the following sentences with a proper preposition or adverb.

1.Y ou don’t have to go along _______ his plan if you think it’s crazy.

2.Oh, stop complaining about the rain! It’s good _______ the farmers’ viewpoint.

3.Another joint venture in auto manufacturing has run _______ financial problems.

4.Rosemary picked ________ the basics of Chinese very quickly because she used the language at every opportunity.

5.Once he’d gotten _____ the habit of eating with chopsticks, he preferred them to a knife and fork.

6.Seeing that she had nothing to say after brief greetings, I tried my best to smooth _______ the awkwardness of the first meeting.

7.Faced ______ severe financial problems, the company had to lay off some of the workers.

8.He left the company ______ his son’s hands and went to Austria for a visit.

https://www.doczj.com/doc/ec6161396.html,st night he was visited by a woman ______ the name of Nancy, who said she was his long-lost cousin.

10.I think you were quite justified _______ refusing the extra work.

Part X Translation

Directions:Translate the following into English.

1. 可能会升级成为情感大战的许许多多的小事情

2. 这些冲突主要是由于文化差异造成的。

3. 对他们职业的一种威胁

4. 就广泛的各类问题征求他的意见

5. 一家赢利、兴旺、日益壮大的企业

6. 他与日本文化的情缘

7. 努力使他留任

8. 结果情况恰恰相反。

第三版大学英语 1 一课一练 Unit 1

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新视野大学英语第三版读写教程1课后翻译答案

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