思维导图
易考易错点总结
状语从句包括时间状语从句、地点状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、原因状
语从句、目的状语从句和结果状语从句。 对状语从句的考查主要集中在连接词上， 尤其要重
视as, until, before, since, when, in case 等连词的各种语义功能和语法功能。具体来说主要包 括：
1考查状语从句的连接词。要掌握各个连词的含义及其用法，还有它们之间的区别。
如: 时间状语的连词有 while, when , as , as soon as until , not …until , before, after, since 等；条件状语从句的连词有 if , uni ess, in case, on con diti on that, provided (that), suppos ing, suppose (that)等；结果状语从句的连词有
so …that(如此 .... 以至于),such …that(如此 ...... 以 至于)等。
2 ?考查固定搭配和习惯用法的连接词。
女口： no soon er …tha n …，hardly …whe n …，scarcely …before …，the mome nt/minute ,
directly 。
3. 考查不同性质的连词在不同的语境中所表达的不同意义。
女口： as 既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导原因状语从句和让步状语从句；
where 能引导
地点状语从句和定语从句等。
4. 考查状语从句的时态。
主要考查在时间、条件、让步状语从句中用一般现在时表将来及用一般过去时代替过去
将来时的用法。
5. 考查状语从句的省略。
在时间、原因、条件、方式、让步等状语从句中，常常省略相同的主语或作主语的代词
it 以及be 动词，保留现在分词、过去分词、介词短语、不定式等成分。如果从句中有“ it is
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The old lady treats the boy as if he were his own son.( ) 9. He is taller than I am.( 一. 时间状语从句 时间状语从句常用1) When, while, as, 2) as soon as, hardly…when/before , no soon er…tha n, scarcely...whe n, whe never3 sin ce(自从),o nee,, before, after ,till, un til, 4) the moment(the minute, the second, the instant, the day,the year ,)by the time, every time, each time,next time，any time . the first time ,the second time 5) immediately, instantly，directly), 等词来引导。 例如： It was raining hard ___ I got to school yesterday. ____ he was doing his homework, the telephone rang. _____ he walked along the lake, he sang happily. He had learned a little Chinese ___ he came to China. ___ he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory. He was ill _____ I saw him. No sooner had she heard the news ___ he cried. 1. 连接词when 的用法小结 1) when可用来引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”从句的谓语动词可以 是 __ ，也可以是____ 的。如： __ the film ended, they went back. ____ I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays. 2) . When 常用于下列句式：意为“就在那时”。如： was doing someth ing…whe n was about to do…whe n was on the point of doing sth... when… had done…whe n 3) when 可以表“既然”，如： How can I help them to understand ___ they wo'n t listen to me? 练习题-填空 1..We were swimming in the lake _____ suddenly the storm started. 2. He was about to tell me the secret _____ someone patted him on the shoulder. 3. He transplanted the little tree to the garden _____ it was the best time for it. 4. －Did Jack come back early last night? －Yes. It was not yet eight o'clock ____ he arrived home. 5. He was about halfway through his meal _____ a familiar voice came to his ears. 2. 连接词while 的用法小结 1. while可用来引导时间状语，意为“ _______ 引导的动作必须是—，如： Please don't talk so loud ___ others are working. 2. while 作为并列连词，意为“ _____ ”，表示对比。 Jane was dressed in brown _____ Mary was dressed in blue. 3. while也可用来引导让步状语，意为“ _____ ”；相当于— __ I admit that the problems are difficult , I don 't agree that they can't be solved. 4 趁…的情况赶紧做, 否则来不及了 Strike _____ the iron is hot. 练习 I. ______________________________________________________ The cost of livi ng in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britai n, _______________________ the quality of life is probably one of the highest. A. since B. whe n C. as D. while 2. ____ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the pers on. A. While B. Since C. Before D. U nless 3. ______ i t is true that a studen f s most important goal is to do well in his or her studies, it doesn t need to be the only goal. A whe n B As C While D Before 4. Mary made coffee _________ her guests were finishing their meal.全国） A. so that B. although C. while D. as if 3. as用法小结 1. 引导时间状语从句：强调同时发生或紧接着 发生，动作无先后。 ①当……时候②一边……一边……③随着 2. 引导原因状语从句：____ 3. 引导方式状语从句：___ 4. _____________________ 引导让步状语从句：,必须用 5. ______________________________ 引导比较状语从句：as…as… 6. 引导定语从句：____ 7. 介词：_____ 练习题一一猜测词义，as用法小结 1. As I left the house, I forgot the key. ______ 2. As I get older, I get more optimistic. _______ 3. He hurried home, look ing beh ind as he went. _____ 4. As the weather is so bad, we have to stay home. ______ 5. You can do it as you like. ____ 6. Old as he is, he is still energetic. ______ 7. He speaks En glish as flue ntly as a n ative speaker. _____ 注意事项： a. as, when引导短暂性动作的动词。例如： Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to m我一杀V车，有一个人向我走来。 b. 当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用whe n引导这个从句，不可 用as或while。例如： Whe n you have fini shed your work, you may have a rest. c. 从句表示"随时间推移"连词能用as,不用when或while。例如： As the day went on, the weather got worse.日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。 练习题-用while, when, as 填空： ①________ I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of the store. ②__________ John arrived, I was cooking lunch. ③ ____________ he grew older, he lost interest in everything except gardening. ④How can he get good grades __________ h e won ' t study?（他不好好学习却能得高分，他是 怎么做到的？When表示虽然） ⑤I was wandering through the street ________ I caught sight of a tailor ' s shop. ⑥________ the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them. 对比练习 1. We were about to leave ___ it bega n to rain. 2. She thought I was talk ing about her son, ___ , in fact, I was talk ing about my son. 3. Hardly had I fini shed my compositi on __ t he bell rang. A. whe n B. while C. as D. duri ng 5. 引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有： till, until 和not …until 1..until/till从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动作，意为" ___________ ”。如：We waited un til/till he came. 2. 用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，意为" _____________ ”。如：He won ' t go to bed un til her father retur ns. 3. till 不可以置于句首，而un til 可以。如：Un til you told me I had no idea of it. 4. not…until句型中的强调和倒装说法： It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. Not un til you told me did I have any idea of it. 练习题 1. —Was his father very strict with him whe n he was at school? —Yes. He had n ever praised him _____ he became one of the top stude nts in his grade. A. after B. uni ess C. un til D. whe n 2. (03 上海) A good storyteller must be able to hold listeners ' curiosity ______ he reaches the end of the story. A. when B. unless C. after D. until 3. It was not _____ she took off her dark glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star. A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then 6. 连接词before 的小结 说出before 含义 1．We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. ___________ 2．We hadn't run a mile before he felt tired. _______________ 3．Please write it down before you forget it. ______________ 4．Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.___________ before 的有关句型 1) ............................................................................... It will be/ +段时间+ before…“还要过多久才 .......................................... ” It will be two years before he leaves the country. 2) It was +时间段+before从句 (动作已发生) It was three weeks before he came back 3) ........................................................................ It will not be long before …“不多久就会 .......................................... ” It won't be long before she comes back 4) .................................................................... It was n ot Io ng before …“不多久就了” 如：It wasn't long before he left the country. 5) It is + 时间+ si nee ??如： It is three years since she was in the army. It is three years sinee she joined the army. 7. si nee的用法 1 ) . I have returned home four times sinee I eame here. 2) . She has been working here sinee he left sehool. 3) . I have seen her twiee sinee he lived here. 4) . It is three years sinee the war broke out. 5) . It was years sinee I had seen her. 译： _______________________________________ 总结： It is +some time + sinee + did. It was +some time + sinee+ had done. 练习题 1. He made a mistake, but then he eorreeted the situation _____ it got worse. A. until B. when C. before D. as 2. Seientists say it may be five or six years ____ it is possible to test this medieine on human patients. A. sinee B. after C. before D. when 3. －Why didn't you tell him about the meeting? －He rushed out of the room ____ I eould say a word. A. before B. until C. when D. after 4. It is almost five years _____ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C. after D. Because 对比练习 1. It will be years ___ we meet again. 2. It is ten years __ I came to this town. 3. It is ten years ago ___ I came to this town. A. when B. that C. before D. since 8. hardly / scarcely … Whefore , no sooner …than, as soon表示一...... 就” , once（—旦）.如果hardly 或no sooner或scarcely 置于句首，句子必 须倒装。 Hardly /scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. I have finished it , I'll give you a call. you show any fear, he will attack you. We had hardly got into the country _____ it began to rain.= __________________ when it began to rain用部分倒装） No sooner had he arrived / He had no sooner arrived ____ she started complaining. 9. directly, immediately,instantly , the moment, the minute … 一……就 He made for the door _____ he heard the knock. 10. 一些含有time 的名词短语，如the first /second/last time,every time, each time, next time, by the time 等，也可引导时间状语从句。 The first time I drove the car, I felt very nervous. Next time you come, please bring your composition. 注意：表示未来情况，主句用将来时，从句用现在时。 在时间和条件从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示一般将来或者用现在完成表示将来完成。 e.g. We'll go outing if it doesn't rain tomorrow. I'll write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai. Don' t get off the bus un til the bus has stopped . 练习题 1. －Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? －Yes. I gave it to her ______ I saw her. A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. although 2. I thought her nice and honest _____ I met her. A. first time B. for the first time C. the first time D. by the first time 3. ____ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report. A. He hardly had B. Had he hardly C. Hardly had he D. Hardly he had 二. 条件状语从句 引导状语从句的连接词有: If “如果”，unless相当于if not “除非，如果不” ,as /so long as只要，in case假使,女口果,provided/providing( that),彳假女口Suppose/supposing( that)假如, on condition that 条件是…As (so) far as ---据........................ 所知 give n ( that),鉴于、考虑 1.if “如果”，表示正面的条件.“祈使句+ and (or)+ 陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：
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