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10第二学期自主练(附答案final version)

10第二学期自主练(附答案final version)
10第二学期自主练(附答案final version)

Unit 1

Passage 1

Students often ask their teachers: ―What is the best way to study?‖ ―How can I learn faster?‖ Here are a few guidelines to help us to learn better.

The firs t guideline is ―Take it easy‖. Don‘t overdo it. When learning complex things, such as a foreign language or a science, it is advisable to take breathing spells (一段时间) between learning periods. Most beginners push themselves too long at a time. Instead of practicing for two solid hours, practice only one hour. Then take a breather before doing the second hour of practice of study. Such spaced practice or study is better for learning than continuous practice of the same total length.

Motivation (动机) is an important factor. People learn much faster when they really want to learn. Learning is more efficient when it is fun, less efficient when it is drudgery (辛苦烦人的工作).

The learner needs to be able to measure the progress made. This can be done by testing or by comparing present performance with past performances. Don‘t expect your learning skills to increase at the same rate. As you progress, the rate of increase slows down. Y ou mustn‘t be discouraged by this. The gains may be smaller, but they are still gains, small steps closer to perfection.

1.The best explanation of ―solid‖ in Para. 2 is ―________‖.

A) hard B) continuous C) strong D) long

2.Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A) Studying for two continuous hours will always make one feel tired.

B) A learner will study a subject more efficiently if he has interest in it.

C) It‘s good to compare your present performance with those in the past.

D) Spaced study is important for beginners.

3.It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

A) if you are not interested in study, you can not learn well

B) most beginners study too long at a time

C) beginners generally make more obvious progress

D) you can only make small progress in the course of study

4.According to the passage, if you want to study well, you have to ________.

A) enjoy the study B) work hard

C) be strict with yourself D) keep up with your classmates

5.An advanced learner will do anything but ________.

A) relax when learning B) find fun in studying

C) study efficiently D) increase skills at a great speed

Passage 2

Not everyone in the world requires the same amount of living space. The amount of space a person needs around him is a cultural difference, not an economic one. Knowing your own psychological space needs is important because they strongly affect your choices, including, for example, the number of bedrooms in the home. If you were brought up in a two-child family, and both you and your sister or brother had your own bedrooms, the chances are, if you have two children or more, that you also will offer separate bedrooms for them. In America, for example, they train people to want to have their own rooms by giving them their own rooms when they are babies. This is very rare in the world. In many other countries, the baby sleeps in the same bed with his parents or in a bed near them.

The space in the home also shows a lot about psychological space needs. Some families gather closer to each

other and the size of their house has nothing to do with it. Others have separate little corners where family members can be alone there.

Although it is true that psychological space needs are not decided by economic reasons, they sometimes have to be changed a little because of economic pressures. It is almost impossible, however, to completely change your psychological space needs.

6. The passage is chiefly concerned with ________.

A) American way of living

B) living conditions in different countries

C) space requirements in different cultures

D) space requirements and economic factors

7. According to the author, the amount of living space a person needs is decided by ________.

A) his cultural background

B) the relationship between the family members

C) his financial situations

D) how many rooms there are in his house

8. The example of American families seems to suggest that ________.

A) Americans are more eager to be alone when they are at home

B) psychological space needs are developed when one is very young

C) it is advisable to let the baby sleep with his parents

D) it is advisable to let the baby sleep in a separate room

9. Some families gather close to each other at home because ________.

A) they have limited living space

B) it satisfies their psychological space needs

C) they have been brought up in a small family

D) they haven‘t small corners for themselves

10. According to the author, psychological space needs ________.

A) will change as one‘s incomes are reduced

B) will change if you move to a smaller house

C) can be changed at will

D) can hardly be changed altogether

Unit 2

Passage 1

Next to air, water is the element most necessary for survival. A normal adult is 60-70 percent water. We can go without food for almost two months, but without water only a few days. Y et most people have no idea how much water they should drink. In fact, many live in a dehydrated (缺水的) state.

Without water, we‘d be poisoned to death by our own waste products. When the kidneys remove our body waste, these must be dissolved in water. If there isn‘t enou gh water, wastes are not removed as effectively and may build up as kidney stones. Water also is vital for chemical reactions in digestion and metabolism. It carries nutrients and oxygen to the cells through the blood and helps to cool the body through sweating.

We even need water to breathe: our lungs must be moist to take in oxygen and send out carbon dioxide. It is possible to lose a pint of liquid each day when we breathe.

So if you don‘t drink sufficient water, you can harm every aspect of your physiology. By not drinking enough water, many people have excess body fat, poor muscle tone and size, decreased digestive efficiency and organ

function, increased poisonous state in the body and muscle soreness.

To protect you from these problems, you are supposed to follow the following formula for daily water intake: 1/2 ounce per pound of body weight if you‘re not active(that‘s ten eight-ounce glasses if you weigh 160 pounds), and 2/3 ounce per pound if you’re athletic (13 to 14 glasses a day, at the same weight). Y our water intake should be spread throughout the day and evening.

1.What is the most important thing for people‘s survival?

A) Air. B) Water. C) Food. D) Medicine.

2.Water is important in digestion because ___.

A) it decreases the poisonous substances in the body

B) it dissolves the wastes and carries along the nutrients

C) it strengthens our kidney and stomach

D) it makes the kidney moist

3.Water is important in breathing because ____.

A) it cools the body through sweating

B) it moistens our lungs

C) it brings into our body the oxygen

D) it carries the nutrients to our lungs

4.Which is NOT mentioned as a damage caused by not drinking enough water?

A) Excess body fat. C) Difficulty in breathing.

B) Pain in muscle. D) Poor digestion.

5.An athlete weighs 180 pounds should drink ____ eight-ounce glasses of water a day.

A) 12 B) 13 C) 14 D) 15

Passage 2

Gulliver‘s Travels is the most famous work of the Irish priest Jonathan Swift, and the first part of it, Gulliver in Liliput (小人国), has now been made into a BBC television series. It is often regarded as an adventure story or even a children‘s book. In fact Swift wrote it, in 1726, as a savage satire on the politics and customs of the day, and children‘s editions are usually adapted.

Many of the Liliputian celebrities are recognizable as powerful figures in the England of Swift‘s time; Treasurer Flimnap, for example, is Swift‘s old enemy, the politician Sir Robert Walpole. The satirist cuts them right down to size.

Swift wrote ironically, pouring forth poetry, letters and political pamphlets as well as satire. His rich sense of humor and sharply perceptive mind were affected by his early struggles in life and a chronic kidney complaint. The contradictions in his character resolved themselves in a love of irony, jokes, and humor; through his own weaknesses and struggles he had a profound understanding of human natures and recorded them as they were.

His acid eye and sharp pen made him popular with the wits of the day. His first satire, ―A Tale of a Tub‖, attacking the church, was well received. The society enthusiastically embraced the quiet Irish priest.

In 1745 Jonathan Swift died after five years of agony (痛苦) and madness.

6.Swift wrote Gulliver‘s Travels ____.

A) for the children

B) to criticize the politicians of his time

C) for the politicians

D) to express his ambition in politics

7.It can be inferred from the passage that ____.

A) the Gulliver‘s Travels that children read is different from the original

B) Swift was a narrow-minded person

C) Many adults don‘t like Gulliver‘s Travels

D) Swift wrote two versions of Gulliver‘s Travels

8.Swift‘s writing style was formed as a result from ____.

A) ambition in politics B) having many enemies in his life

C) severer training in the school D) not that smooth life when he was young

9.Which of the following statements about Swift is NOT true?

A) He had a deep understanding of human nature.

B) He died in pain and madness.

C) He always had a sense of well-being.

D) He was famous for his ironical and humorous writings.

10.Swift can be best described as a ____.

A) satirist B) priest C) politician D) mad man

Unit 3

Passage 1

Human cloning (克隆) technology could be used to reverse heart attacks. Scientists believe that they may be able to treat heart attack victims by cloning their healthy heart cells and injecting them into the areas of the heart that have been damaged, and other problems may be solved if human cloning and its technology are not forbidden.

1. With cloning, infertile couples could have children. Current treatments for infertility, in terms of percentages (百分比),are not very successful. Couples go through physically and emotionally painful procedures for a small chance of having children. Many couples run out of time and money without successfully having children. Human cloning could make it possible for many more infertile couples to have children than ever more.

2. We should be able to clone the bone marrow (骨髓) for children and adults suffering from leukemia (白血病). This is expected to be one of the first benefits to come from cloning technology.

3. We may learn how to switch cells on and off through cloning and thus be able to cure cancer.

4. Cloning technology can be used to test for and perhaps cure gene related diseases.

The above is just a few examples of what human cloning technology can do for mankind. This new technology promises unprecedented advancement in medicine if people will release their fears and let the benefits begin.

1.Heart attacks can be treated with human cloning technology by ___________.

A) removing the damaged part of the heart

B) replacing the old heart with a cloned one

C) repairing the heart with cells cloned from healthy ones

D) giving the patients injections of various medicines

2.The word ―infertile‖ (Line 1, Para.2) most probably means ―_________‖.

A) unable to give birth to a child B) with physical and emotional problems

C) short of time and money D) separated from each other for long

3.According to the passage, one of the first expected benefits from cloning technology may be in __________.

A) the treatment of heart attacks B) the bearing of babies

C) the cure of blood diseases D) the detection of gene related diseases

4.Cancer may be cured with the cloning technology by _________.

A) attacking the diseased called with healthy ones

B) controlling the growth of the cells

C) detecting disordered genes in the cancer cells

D) activating cancer cells by switching them on

5.According to the writer, the main problem with the development of human cloning technology is that

_______.

A) it may be out of human control B) it has brought about few benefits so far

C) people still know little about it D) people are afraid of such technology

Passage 2

For anybody who ever failed a maths test, something marvelous happened in Stockholm on December 10, 2000. A soft-spoken fellow from Kansas -a guy who was turned down by the prestigious Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) because his maths scores were too low and who never had much formal physics training -received the Nobel Prize in physics. This is slightly ironical, because Jack St Clair Kilby is not a physicist.

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences was willing to overlook that minor detail, though, because Kilby did, after all, come up with the most valuable invention of the past half-century: the microchip. Jack Kilby‘s idea sparked the information age. The tiny silicon chip at the heart of all digital devices has arguably become the most important industrial commodity since crude oil. Without the chip, there could be no personal computers or mobile phones, no Internet or Play-Stations. The semiconductor integrated circuit has changed the world as fundamentally as did the light bulb, the telephone and the horseless carriage. But somehow the man who made the microchip has never achieved the recognition that Edison, Bell and Ford enjoyed. Thanks to the Nobel Prize, at age 78, Jack Kilby finally received the attention he deserved.

1.Kilby is a(n) ____.

A) American B) Frenchman C) Swedish D) Englishman

2.Kilby won the Nobel Prize for ____.

A) his great research done in MIT

B) he is an excellent physicist

C) he has had much formal training in physics

D) he invented the microchip

3.It was the invention of ____ that brought about the information age.

A) telephone B) microchip C) light bulb D) assembly line

4.Before the invention of the microchip, ____ was the most important industrial commodity.

A) telephone B) light bulb C) automobile D) crude oil

5.The achievements made by Kilby were finally recognized ____.

A) by his winning of Nobel Prize C) after he died

B) after the widespread of computers D) when he was admitted by MIT

Unit 4

Mountain climbers around the world dream about going up Mount Everest (珠穆朗玛峰). It is the highest mountain in the world. But many people who have climbed the mountain have left waste material that is harming the environment.

A team of Americans is planning the largest clean-up effort ever on Mount Everest. They will make the risky trip up the mountain next month.

The team of eight Americans will be guided by more than twenty Sherpas of Nepal (尼泊尔夏尔巴人). Their goal is to remove all the trash (废物,垃圾) they see. They will spend two months cleaning up the mountain by gathering oxygen bottles, fuel containers, batteries, drink cans, human waste and other kinds of trash. They are expected to remove at least three tons of trash in large bags.

Team leader Robert Hoffman is making his fourth trip up the mountain. He says he hopes to bring Everest to the condition it was in before the first successful climb fifty years ago. He says he hopes the effort will influence other people to clean up the environment.

Human waste on Everest is a major concern. So the clean-up team will take along newly developed equipment to collect and treat human waste. Over the years, the waste articles have polluted the mountain. In the warm season when ice melts, the polluted water flows to Nepali villages below. The problem has gotten worse in recent years because climbing Everest has become more popular.

1.What are those Americans concerned about when they are planning the trip up Mount Everest?

A) The environmental pollution of the mountain.

B) The success in climbing up the mountain.

C) The equipment for their trip to the mountain.

D) The risks facing the climbers of the mountain.

2.From the passage we can learn that the clean-up effort__________.

A) is opposed by the local people

B) is the largest one supported by Nepal

C) is encouraged by the American government

D) is the greatest one ever made on Mount Everest

3.What does the American team plan to do on the trip up the mountain?

A) To make Everest even cleaner than it was.

B) To tell climbers not to leave waste materials.

C) To take away all the trash they could find there.

D) To collect and treat human waste before the ice melted.

4.Team leader Mr. Hoffman hopes to turn Mount Everest into ____________.

A) its former state a few years ago

B) its original condition half a century ago

C) a place with no pollution at all

D) the cleanest mountain in the world

5.What is probably the best title for this passage?

A) A Risky Trip Up Mount Everest.

B) Pollution on Mount Everest.

C) Mount Everest——Clean-up Effort.

D) Robert Hoffman and His Clean-up Team.

Passage 2

Reading, so we‘re told, is fundamental to a child‘s education. But trying to get good books ― not just the classics but also worthy contemporary works ― into young hands is increasingly providing a bit of problems. Spotty teacher training, lack of library assistance (if not lack of libraries themselves) and fear of controversy all help push teachers toward outdated or inadequate book choices. Those who fight back have to take the risk of losing their jobs or even being taken to court. And the old reliab le volumes aren‘t necessarily a shelter either. Such classics as The Grapes of Wrath and Catcher in the Rye are still frequently the object of parental protests.

Supporters of more contemporary and challenging books say they energize kids and spur disc ussions about social realities that may already be affecting the classroom or community. Y et where should the line be drawn? Debbi Grizzi was stunned when she opened her 12-year-old‘s backpack and discovered A Need to Kill, a graphic account of a child kil ler who fantasizes about murdering boys. ―There has to be some check on what children are reading,‖ she argues.

Y et even the books parents love are gradually losing their universality. Mary Brigid Barrett, a famous writer, says she always has to stop a nd explain Charlotte‘s Web to teaching students, since half of them tend not to know it. ―What is shocking is that nobody in education is willing to say there are writers, poems, essays and books all Americans should read,‖ says education expert Diane Ravi ch. And less incentive for adventurous teachers to look for new ones.

6.It is implied in the first paragraph that ____.

A) it‘s difficult to find a proper book for children nowadays

B) some teachers dare not to use new contemporary books

C) some parents are against the use of some classic books

D) it‘s reliable to use those classic books

7.Teachers who venture to use some new books may ____.

A)be scolded by the parents

B)do better in their teaching

C)be taken to court

D)ttract more students

8. “Spotty‖ in the fi rst paragraph means ____.

A) unevenly done B) dirty C) inadequate D) poor

9. “They‖ in the second paragraph refers to ____.

A) supporters

B) teachers

C) more contemporary and challenging books

D) classic works

10. It can be inferred that Charlotte‘s Web used to be ____.

A) very popular among children

B) a book parents loved to read

C) a book prohibited by the government

D) very difficult to understand

Unit 5

Passage 1

The U.S. automakers still have great difficulty making inroads into the Japanese market, although Japan does not impose any tariffs (关税) on foreign cars and has eliminated nearly all non-tariff barriers to automobile trade. One major, yet little known, reason is in the way cars are sold in Japan. Unlike the United States where customers visit car dealers, a majority of cars are peddled (沿街贩卖) by door-to-door salespeople in Japan, much the same way A von representatives sell personal care and beauty products.

It is therefore quite clear that the problem of how to enter the market is central to marketing. It is the last but the most important step for a multinational (跨国的) company to sell its products to its overseas consumer. In the above case, the Big Three (the three biggest automakers in the U.S.) have difficulty cracking into the Japanese market. As for the market entry options, corporations can choose direct sell or to sell through distributor channel. And if it chooses to sell through the distributor channel, it has to decide how many and what kind of distributors it should find. The decision should be based on the nature of the product, the consuming habits in the target market.

1.The passage is most probably adapted from ________.

A) an introduction to Japanese auto market

B) a case study in marketing

C) a comparison between American and Japanese auto market

D) an introduction to door-to-door selling

2.The problem with the American car manufacturers is ________.

A) their products are of lower quality

B) their products are not liked by the Japanese

C) they don‘t send salespeople to do door-to-door selling

D) their products are too expensive

3.A von is mentioned to ________.

A) give the readers a vivid concept of Japanese‘s way of car sell ing

B) explain the advantages and disadvantages of American‘s way of car selling

C) compare cars to beauty and personal care products

D) show that Japanese cars are much cheaper than American cars

4.The second paragraph mainly tells us ________.

A) how can the big threes enter the Japanese auto market

B) how products are distributed to overseas customers

C) how to enter an overseas market

D) how to find qualified distributors

5.Which is NOT listed as a factor one should consider when entering a foreign market?

A) The distributor channel.

B) The features of the products.

C) The purchasing way of the consumers.

D) The natural environment there.

Passage 2

The human body has developed its millions of nerves to be highly aware of what goes on both inside and outside of it. This helps us adjust to the outside world. Without our nerves and our brain,which is a system of nerves,we couldn‘t know what’s happening. But we pay for our sensitivity. We can feel pain when the slightest thing is wrong with any part of our body. The history of torture(折磨) is based on the human body being open to pain.

But there is a way to handle pain. Look at the Indian fakir(苦行僧) who sits on a bed of nails. Fakirs call put a needle right through an arm,and feel no pain. This ability that some humans have developed to handle pain should give us ideas about how the mind can deal with pain.

The big thing in withstanding pain is our attitude toward it. If the dentist says,“Tiffs will hurt a little,”it helps us to accept the pain. By staying relaxed,and by treating the pain as an interesting sensation(感觉),we can handle the pain without falling apart. After all,although pain is an unpleasant sensation,it is still a sensation,and sensations are the stuff of life.

6.The human body has developed a system of nerves that enables us to_________.

A) stay relaxed B) avoid pain

C) stand torture D) feel pain

7.What does the writer mean by saying ―we pay for our sensitivity‘‘ in the first paragraph?

A) We have to take care of our sense of pain.

B) We suffer from our sense of feeling.

C) We should try hard to resist pain.

D) We are hurt when we feel pain.

8.When the author mentions the Indian fakir,he shows that_________.

A) fakirs possess magic power

B) Indians are not afraid of pain

C) people Call learn to cope with pain

D) some people are born without a sense of pain

9.What is essential for people to stand pain according to the writer?

A) Their relaxation. B) Their interest. C) Their nerves. D) Their attitude.

10.The author believes that_________________.

A) feeling pain is part of our life

B) pain should be avoided at all costs

C) feeling pain can be an interesting thing

D) magic power is essential for reducing pain

Unit 6

Passage 1

In many countries in the process of industrialization, overcrowded cities present a major problem. Poor conditions in these cities, such as lack of housing, inadequate sanitation(卫生) and lack of employment, bring about an increase in poverty, disease and crime.

The over-population of towns is mainly caused by the drift of large numbers of people from the rural areas. These people have become dissatisfied with the traditional life of farming, and have come to the towns hoping for better work and pay.

One possible solution to the problem would be to impose registration on town residents. Only officially registered residents would be allowed to live in the towns and the urban population would thus be limited .In practice, however ,registration would be very difficult to enforce (推行) ;it would cause a great deal of resentment(不满) ,which would ultimately lead to violence .

The only long -term solution is to make life in the rural areas more attractive ,which would encourage people to stay there .This could be achieved by providing encouragement for people to go and work in the villages .Facilities in the rural areas, such as transport ,health and education services should be improved. Education should include training in improved methods of farming and other rural industries ,so as to develop a more positive attitude towards rural life. The improvement of life in the villages is very important ,because the towns themselves cannot be developed without the simultaneous or previous development of the rural area .

1.What does the word "urban "(Line 2,Para 3) mean

A ) Of the city

B ) Out of work

C ) In a bad condition

D ) Of enormous size

https://www.doczj.com/doc/eb13057271.html,rge numbers of farmers have poured into towns because ______

A ) they can hardly support their families on farms

B ) they are unhappy with their life in the country

C ) the rural areas are too crowded with people

D ) they hope to have their own business

3.In the author 's view ,solving the cities ' problem of overcrowding by strict registrations is ______.

A ) practical B) possible C ) not realistic D) not sufficient

4.According to the writer ,the problem with crowded cities will be solved if ______.

A ) traditional methods of farming are well kept

B ) conditions in rural areas are much improved

C ) the government can provide more jobs

D ) violence could be controlled in cities

5.Which factor is most important for people to be attracted to live in the country?

A ) Their expectations

B ) Their interests

C ) Their income

D ) Their attitude

Passage 2

Of many problems in the world today, none is as widespread, or as old, as crime. Crime has many forms, including crimes against property, person, and government. Crime, in all its forms, penetrates every layer of society and touches every human being. Y ou may never have been robbed, but you suffer the increased cost of store-bought items because of other‘s shoplifting and you pay higher taxes because of other‘s tax evasion. Perhaps your house is not worth as much today as it was a few years ago because of the increased crime rate in your neighborhood, or maybe your business is not doing as well as it used to because tourism is down due to increased terrorism in your part of the world. Whatever you do, wherever you go, you are a victim of crime whether you like it or not, whether you know it or not.

Crime, especially violent crime, has risen to a point where many people are afraid to walk alone in their own neighbourhoods, afraid to open their door after dark.

Expert argues whether the number of crimes committed is actually on the rise. This issue is particularly true in cases of family violence, the abuse of husbands, wives or children. Throughout much of history, cases of family violence and neglect often went unreported because of the attitude of society, which considered family matters to be private.

6.Which description about crime is NOT correct, according to the passage?

A) It is the most widespread problem.

B) It has the most distant origin.

C) It has many forms.

D) It has very little to do with ordinary people.

7.‖Tax evasion‖ in the first paragraph means ____.

A) ―not paying due taxes‖B) ―imposing taxes on others‖

C) ―collecting taxes‖D) ―paying overdue taxes‖

8.According to the author, people became victims of crime ____.

A) only when they are robbed or kidnapped

B) even they are not directly involved in any crime

C) when they witness some crime scenes

D) because they tend to commit certain crime

9.Violent crime nowadays ____.

A) is most widespread C) is severer than ever before

B) arouses greatest attention D) makes people less self-confident

10.It can be inferred from the passage that ____.

A) cases of family violence are on the rise

B) there have been more cases of family violence than those recorded

C) cases of family violence are fewer than those of other crimes

D) victims of family violence don‘t report for fear of losing face

Unit 7

Passage 1

In 1801, Thomas Jefferson was the first president to take the oath of office in the nation‘s permanent capital, Washington D.C. Although Washington was a new city, it was already familiar to President Jefferson. In fact, Jefferson had helped plan the capital‘s streets and public buildings. Besides being a city planner and architect, the new President was a writer, a scientist, and the inventor of several tools.

Jefferson lived in the Presidential Palace. The Palace was more than a home; it contained offices for the President and some of his staff and advisors. It also included dining and reception rooms, where the President could entertain congressmen. However, President Jefferson did not give many formal parties. This was partly because there was no First Lady. Jefferson‘s wife had died in 1782. But it was also because Jefferson liked to live in a simple fashion. Once, he showed up for an important meeting wearing old clothes and slippers! Neither Washington nor Adams would ever have dressed so casually.

Jefferson was different from the first two Presidents in other ways, too. He disagreed with them about how the country should be run, and about what part a President should play in running it.

1.According to the passage, the Presidential Palace was built to be ________.

A) an office building and home B) a meeting place for congressmen

C) a home D) an office building

2.According to the passage, Thomas Jefferson was all of the following except ________.

A) a writer

B) a city planner

C) the third president of the United States

D) a carpenter

3.Thomas Jefferson did not entertain very often in Washington D.C. because ________.

A) he did not have new clothes

B) the food there was bad

C) he did not enjoy carefully prepared parties and there was no First Lady

D) his wife did not like it

4.Which of the following statements about Washington D.C. is TRUE?

A) It was not the first capital of the United States.

B) All the American presidents took the oath of office in Washington D.C.

C) There were many old streets in Washington D.C. before 1801.

D) Washington D.C. was planned by Thomas Jefferson.

5.It can be inferred from the passage that George Washington and John Adams both ________.

A) lived in the Presidential Palace

B) were rather formal gentlemen

C) were different from Thomas Jefferson only in how to run the country

D) dressed casually

Passage 2

In Britain there is a National Health Service(NHS) which is paid for by taxes and National Insurance,and in general people do not have to pay for medical treatment. Every person is registered with a doctor in his or her local area,known as a general practitioner(全科医生) or GP. This means that their names are on the GP’s list,and they may make an appointment to see the doctor or may call the doctor out to visit them if they are ill. People sometimes do have to pay part of the cost of drugs that the doctor prescribes. GPs are trained in general medicine but are not specialists in any particular subject. If a patient needs to see a specialist doctor,they must first go to their GP and then the GP will make an appointment for the patient to see a specialist at a hospital or clinic.

Although everyone in Britain can have free treatment under the NHS,it is also possible for him to have treatment done privately,for which he has to pay. Some people have private health insurance to help them pay for private treatment. Under the NHS,people who need to go to hospital may have to wait for a long time on a waiting list for their treatment. Anyone who is very ill can call an ambulance(救护车) and get taken to hospital for free urgent medical treatment. Ambulances are a free service in Britain.

6.In Britain,the National Health Service refers to_______.

A) a local hospital B) a medicine supplier

C) a medical care system D) an insurance company

7.Under the National Health Service,British citizens_______.

A) are all registered with a general practitioner

B) do not need to buy private health insurance

C) can only go to see a general practitioner

D) cannot call in a general practitioner

8.People buy private health insurance in order to_______.

A) pay for the ambulance service

B) receive free urgent treatment

C) see a general practitioner

D) have private treatment

9.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A) People in Britain do not have to pay for any kind of medical care.

B) People in Britain may wait long for their free medical treatment.

C) In Britain you have to pay for ambulance service.

D) Britain private medical insurance is free.

10.What is this passage mainly about?

A) Private medical care in Britain.

B) Roles of general practitioners.

C) Taxes and free medical care.

D) Health services in Britain.

Unit 8

Passage 1

CHICAGO(AP) On Jan.1,an order went into effect requiring that every checked bag at more than 400 of the nation’s commercial airports be screened(扫描检查) for bombs and weapons.

Sunday was expected to be the heaviest travel day since Jan.1.Yet spot checks on Sunday at several of the nation‘s airports showed no major delays caused by the new security measures.

At the international terminal for Northwest Airlines at John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York, passengers waited up to 30 minutes longer than usual. Their bags were sent through giant screening machines and workers tore open taped boxes and searched through their contents before closing them up again.

Most travelers simply accepted stricter screening developed since the terrorist(恐怖分子的) attacks on Sept.11,2001,before which only 5 percent of the roughly 2 million bags checked each day were screened for bombs. The U.S. government has put an additional 23,000 people into airports to carry out the new order. Sonny Salgatar,a 23-year-old college student flying home to San Diego from Chicago,was told by an airport officer after the first pass that one of his bags was “hot”,meaning there was something he couldn‘t identify and he wanted to open the bag for an inspection. The “hot”item turned out to be Salgatar‘s clothing iron. “Listen,anything they want to do for security is OK for me,”Salgatar said.

1.The new measure was adopted to guard against______________.

A) terrorist attacks B) luggage damage C) flight delays D) air crash

2.The word “hot”(Line 2,Para.6) most probably means_______.

A) heated B) popular C) expensive D) suspicious

3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A) Major delays were caused after the security order went into effect.

B) Most passengers regard the new measure as necessary.

C) Passengers complain about longer delay at the airport.

D) There will be more and stricter security measures.

4.What was the attitude of Sonny Salgatar towards the security measure taken?

A) He was annoyed. B) He had no objection.

C) He thought it was useless. D) He didn‘t worry about it.

5.The best title of the passage might be______________.

A) Fear of Terrorist Attacks B) Latest Screening Technology

C) New Security Measures Adopted D) Inspection of Bombs and Weapons

Passage 2

Scientists have established that influenza viruses taken from man can cause the disease in animals. In addition, man can catch the disease from animals. In fact, a great number of wild birds seem to carry the viruses without showing any evidence of illness. Some scientists conclude that a large family of influenza viruses may have evolved in the bird kingdom, a group that has been on the earth for 100 million years and is able to carry the viruses without contracting the disease. There is even convincing evidence to show that virus strains are transmitted from place to place and from continent to continent by migrating birds.

It is known that two influenza viruses can recombine when both are present in an animal at the same time. The result of such recombination is a great variety of strains containing different H and N spikes (尖状物). This raises the possibility that a human influenza virus can recombine with an influenza virus form a lower animal to produce an entirely new spike. Research is underway to determine if that is the way that major new strains come into being. Another possibility is that two animal influenza strains may recombine in a pig, for example, to produce a new strain which is transmitted to man.

1.According to the passage, scientists have discovered that influenza viruses _________.

A) cause ill health in wild birds

B) do not always cause symptoms in birds

C) are rarely present in wild birds

D) change when transferred from animals to man

2.What is known about the influenza virus?

A) It was first found in a group of very old birds.

B) All the different strains can be found in wild birds.

C) It existed over 100 million years ago.

D) It can survive in many different places.

3.According to the passage, a great variety of influenza strains can appear when ________.

A) H and N spikes are produced

B) animal and bird viruses are combined

C) different types of viruses recombine

D) two viruses of the same type are contracted

4.New strains of viruses are transmitted to man by __________.

A) a type of pig B) diseased lower animals

C) a group of migrating birds D) a variety of means

5.It can be inferred from the passage that all of the following are ways of producing new strains of influenza

viruses EXCEPT _________.

A) two influenza viruses in the same animal recombining

B) animal viruses recombining with human viruses

C) two animal viruses recombining in one animal

D) two animal viruses recombining in a human

Unit 9

Passage 1

College is a place to explore many possibilities;you really can’t do it all-unless you manage your time wisely. Here are some tips I have found very helpful for managing my time and maximizing my study efforts:

1.Determine your goals. What do you want to get out of a college education? Academic(学术的) knowledge? Leadership experience within a club? Decide what is most important to you. Then devote proportionate(成比例的)

amounts of time to those efforts.

2. Plan ahead. Y ou may think you Can keep everything in your head, but as the activities on your schedule start piling up, making a schedule can really help organize even little tasks.

3.Study at strategic(关键的) times. Don’t wait until you’re falling asleep to study. Study first. Save those e —mails to check later, because tasks that don’t require much energy and attention can still be done when you’re tired.

4.Motivate(激励) yourself! Y ou know that TV show you’ve been dying to see, or that game of chess you’ve been waiting all week to challenge your friend to. These and many other special activities can be used for motivation. Promise yourself that you’ll force yourself to work efficiently.(Don‘t rush through the assignment, though.)

5. Take a nap. Sometimes even a 20-minute nap in the afternoon will give you the extra energy you need to get through the day.

1. We need to plan ahead in order to ________ .

A) keep a record of all the events

B) better organize our activities

C) store everything in our head

D) pile up little tasks neatly

2. Strategic times are best for us to ________ .

A) save energy B) check e-mails

C) study efficiently D) organize activities

3. Which of the following could be used as a motivation to do our assignments?

A) Remembering our urgent tasks.

B) Any activi ties we‘re eager to do.

C) Taking a break in the afternoon.

D) The promise to study efficiently.

4. What can help us to keep refreshed throughout the day?

A) Doing some physical exercise.

B) Taking a short nap in the afternoon.

C) Rushing through some assignments.

D) Playing a game of chess with a friend.

5. Which of the following could be the best title for this article?

A) Study Habits and Time Management

B) Business Management and Leadership

C) University Education and Campus Life

D) Life Goals and Academic Development

Passage 2

Until the 1980s, the American homeless population comprised mainly older males. Today, homelessness strikes much younger part of society. In fact, a 25-city survey by the U. S. Conference of Mayors in 1987 found that families with children make up the fastest growing part of homeless population. Many homeless children gather in inner cities; this transient(变化无常的) and frequently frightened student population creates additional problems —both legal and educational —for already overburdened urban school administrators and teachers.

Estimates of the number of homeless Americans range from 350,000 to three million. Likewise, estimates of the number of homeless school children vary radically. A U.S. Department of Education report, based on state estimates, states that there are 220,000 homeless school-age children, about a third of whom do not attend school on a regular basis, But the National Coalition for the Homeless estimates that there are at least two times as many homeless children, and that less than half of them attend school regularly.

One part of the homeless population that is particularly difficult to count consists of the ―throwaway‖ youths who have been cast of their homes. The Elementary School Center in New Y ork City estimates that there are 1.5 million of them, many of whom are not counted as children because they do not stay in family shelters and tend to live by themselves on the streets.

Federal law, the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act of 1987, includes a section that addresses the educational needs of homeless children. The educational provisions of the Mckinnev Act are based on the belief that all homeless children have the right to a free, appropriate education.

6.It is implied in the first paragraph that ____.

A) the writer himself is homeless, even in his eighties

B) many older homeless residents are going on strike in 25 cities

C) there is a serious shortage of academic facilities

D) homeless children are denied the opportunity of receiving free education

7.The National Coalition for the homeless believes that the number of homeless children is _____.

A) 350,000B) 1,500,000C) 440,000D) 110,000

8.One part of the homeless population is difficult to estimate. The reason might well be ____.

A) the homeless children are too young to be counted as children

B) the homeless population is growing rapidly

C) the homeless children usually stay outside school

D) some homeless children are deserted by their families

9.The McKinney Act is mentioned in this passage in order to show that ___.

A) the educational problems of homeless children are being recognized

B) the estimates on homeless children are hard to determine

C) the address of grade-school children should be located

D) all homeless people are entitled to free education

10.The passage mainly deals with ____.

A) the legal problems of the homeless children

B) the educational problems of homeless children

C) the social status of older males

D) estimates on the homeless population

Unit 10

Passage 1

Upon reaching an appropriate age (usually between 18 and 21 years), children are encouraged, but not forced, to ―leave the nest‖ and begin an independent life. After children leave home they often find social relationship and financial support outside the family. Parents do for their children, nor do children usually ask permission of their parents to get married, Romantic love is most often the basis for marriage in the United States; young adults meet their future spouses (配偶) through other friends, at jobs, and in organizations and religious institutions, Although children choose their own spouses, they still hope their parents will approve of their choices.

In many families, parents feel that children should make major life decisions by themselves. A parent may try

to influence a child to follow a particular profession but the child is free to choose another career. Sometimes children do precisely the opposite of what their parents wish in order to assert their independence. A son may deliberately decide not to go into his father‘s business because of a fear that he will lose his autonomy in his father‘s workplace. This independence from parents is not an indication that parents and children do not love each other. Strong love between parents and children is universal and this is no exception in the American family Coexisting with such love in the American family are cultural values of self – reliance and independence.

1. The writer discusses the marriage of young adults in order to show which of the following?

A) They enjoy the freedom of choosing their spouses.

B) They want to win the permission of their parents.

C) They have a strong desire to become independent.

D) They want to challenge the authority of their parents.

2. Most young adults in the U.S. get married for the sake of ____.

A) love

B) financial concern

C) their parents

D) family background

3. Based on the passage, it can be assumed that ______.

A) American young adults are likely to follow the suit of their parents

B) most American people never make major decisions for their children

C) American young adults possess cultural values of independence

D) once a young person steps into his twenties, he will leave his home permanently

4. A son is unwilling to work in his father‘s busine ss mainly because _____.

A) he wishes to make full use of what he has learnt in school

B) he wants to prove his independence

C) he wishes to do the opposite of what his parents approve of

D) he wants to show his love for his parents

5. The subject matter of this selection is _____.

A) family values

B) marriage arrangements

C) the pursuit of a career

D) decision making

Passage 2

Today, as in every other day of the year, more than 3000 U.S. adolescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime, it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered, 30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweighs all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.

Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 percent, smoking rates among youth have declined. While the decline is impressive, several important issues must be raised.

First, in the past several years, smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second, in the late 1970s, smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent. The statistic is reversing. Third, several recent studies have indicated that high school dropouts have excessively high smoking

rates, as much as 75 percent.

Finally, though significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade, no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effective measures to reduce smoking levels among youth.

6. According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.

A) traffic accidents

B) smoking-related disease

C) murder

D) all of these

7. Every day there are over _____high school students who will become regular smoker.

A) 75 B) 23 C) 30 D) 3000

8. By "dropout" the author means______.

A) students who failed the examination

B) students who left school

C) students who lost their way

D) students who were driven out of school

9. The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.

A) NCI has taken effective measures

B) smoking is prevented among high school seniors

C) there are many smokers who have died of cancer

D) none of these

10. What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.

A) smoking rates among youth have declined very little

B) there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniors

C) high smoking rates are due to the increase in wealth

D) smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds

Unit 11

Passage 1

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet

.For questions 1-7,mark

Y(for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;

N(for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;

NG(for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.

For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

Looking into a Traditional Western Wedding

It all begins with the engagement. Traditionally, a young man asks the father of his sweetheart for permission to marry her. If the father agrees, the man later proposes to her. Often he tries to surprise her by ―popping the question‖ in a romantic way.

Sometimes the couple just decides together that the time is right to get married. The man usually gives his fiancée a diamond ring as a symbol of their engagement. They may be engaged for weeks, months or

even years. As the big day approaches, bridal showers and bachelor‘s parties provide many useful gifts.

Today many couples also receive counseling during engagement. This prepares them for the challenges of married life.

At last it‘s time for the wedding. Although most weddings follow long-held traditions, there‘s still room for American individualism. For example, the usual place for a wedding is in a church. But some people get married outdoors in a scenic spot. A few even have the ceremony while skydiving or riding on horseback! The couple may invite hundreds of people or just a few close friends. They choose their own style of colors, decorations and music during the ceremony. But some things rarely change. The bride usually wears a beautiful, long white wedding dress. She traditionally wears ―something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue.‖ The gr oom wears a formal suit or tuxedo. Several close friends participate in the ceremony as attendants, including the best man and the maid of honor.

As the ceremony begins, the groom and his groomsmen stand with the minister, facing the audience.

Music signals the entrance of the bridesmaids, followed by the beautiful bride. Nervously, the young couple repeat their vows. Traditionally, they promise to love each other ―for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health.‖ But sometimes the couple has composed their own vows. They give each other a gold ring to symbolize their marriage commitment. Finally the minister announces the big moment: ―I now pronounce you man and wife. You may kiss the bride!‖

At the wedding reception, the bride and groom greet their guests. Then they cut the wedding cake and feed each other a bite. Guests mingle while enjoying cake, punch and other treats. (Usually at a reception a dinner is served) Later the bride throws her bouquet (一束)of flowers to a group of single girls. Tradition says that the one who catches the bouquet will be the next to marry. During the reception, playful friends ―decorate‖ the couple‘s car with tissue paper, tin cans and a ―Just Married‖ sign. When the reception is over, the new lyweds run to their ―decorated‖ car and speed off. Many couples take a honeymoon, a one-to-two-week vacation trip, to celebrate their new marriage.

1.T raditionally, a young man proposes a girl and then asks her father for permission. ( )

2.A fter engagement, the couple holds the wedding immediately. ( )

3.T he bachelor has a party receiving gifts before getting married. ( )

4.P eople usually hold their weddings in a church. ( )

5.T he wedding ceremony will have the best man of the world as the attendant. ( )

6.T he vows at the ceremony are always the same. ( )

7.A single girl who receives the bouquet of flowers thrown by the bride must get married next. ( )

8.T he party in which the girls are given gifts before marriage is called______________.

9.T he important girl that attends the bride is called___________________.

10.T he man gives the girl a diamond ring as______________________.

小学语文五年级下学期期末考试试卷[人教版]

小学五年级(第十册)语文期末综合能力测验卷 (90分钟完成满分100分) 同学们,经过五年小学语文的学习,你一定有不少收获吧!下面的题目,会让你对自己的学习有一个全面的评价,仔细审题,认真答题,你就会有出色的表现,相信自己的实力。请你快速浏览一下试题,确定你本次的测试目标是。好,那就请沉着地动笔吧,不过,希望你的试卷有一张清秀的面孔。祝你成功! 一、听一听(完成1、2题),说一说(完成第3题)(10分) 1、 2008年奥运会将在举行。所有参赛的运动员只有一个共同的目标:、 、。(2分) 2、你对祖国这次成功申办奥运会有哪些梦想呢?(3分) 3、同学们,这个学期你们一定看了不少课外书,赶快向同学们介绍一下,你最近读了哪些文章,读后有哪些体会,哪些收获吧!相信你的话语一定能激励更多的同学加入到读书的行列。(5分) 二、基础知识(18分) 1、读拼音,写汉字(6分) jīé 2、现在,给你一双火眼金睛,仔细判断,把每题正确答案的序号填写在括号里。(4分)(1)在下面三组词语中,只有一组完全正确,你能找出来吗?()

A、鹏成万里龙骧虎步绝处缝生 B、临危不俱急中生智草长鹰飞 C、唇亡齿寒冰消雪融镇定自若 (2)“亲爱的爷爷,发发慈悲吧,带我离开这儿回家,……要不,我就要死了!这一段话应读出的语气是() A、请求B、强求C、哀求 (3)从下列各组句子中选出意思差别最大的一组是() A、我不知道那个人是不是他的哥哥。/ 我怎能知道那个人是不是他的哥哥呢? B、小夜莺宁可牺牲,也不向敌人屈服。/ 小夜莺或者牺牲自己,或者向敌人屈服。C、他的话完全没有错。/ 他的话不可能不对。 (4)下列各组中修辞正确的一组是() 人们都说“桂林山水甲天下。” 谁能相信这是大自然的现实,而不是大胆的梦幻呢? 旅店里的每一根柱子都在颤动,都在唱歌,都在演奏。 大虫见掀他不着,吼一声,震得山岗也动了。 A、比喻反问拟人陈述B、比喻疑问夸张拟人 C、引用反问拟人夸张 3、你能运用不同的关联词,使下面看上去差不多的句子表达出各不相同的意思吗?试试吧,你一定能行!(4分) (1)小明()刻苦学习,()成绩很好。 (2)小明()刻苦学习,()热爱劳动。 (3)小明()自己刻苦学习,()能帮助别人。 (4)小明()刻苦学习,()不注意锻炼身体。 4、字词句诊所里来了几位小病人,他们患了各种不同的小毛病,请你赶快帮他们诊治一下吧。(用修改符号在原句上修改)(4分) (1)展览馆里展出了两千年前新出土的文物。 (2)有无强大的军队,是巩固国防的重要保证。 三、语言积累(12分) 1、请你在括号里填上适当的地名,使每一横行均组成一个成语。(4分) ()真面目()再起()学步稳如() 2、经过一个学期的学习,相信你一定积累了不少名言诗句,请把下列句子补充完整,考考自己的记忆力吧。(6分) (1)明月别枝惊鹊,()。 (2)(),坎井不知江海之辽阔。 (3)知人者智,()。 (4)善学者,()。 (5)(),山色空蒙雨亦奇。 (6)( ),一枝红杏出墙来。

(完整版)对联专项练习含答案,推荐文档

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时,重新计算最小输入信号功率。 解:当t R C ≥时,才能无差错传输。即 t s R B N P B SNR B C ≥+=+=)1log()1log(0 所以,当带宽为6kHz 时,最小输入信号功率为 =? ?????-??? ??≥1exp 0B R B N P t s 2.052W 当带宽为6MHz 时,最小输入信号功率为 =??????-??? ??≥1exp 0B R B N P t s () 1102.1001.03-?e 5.11已知一个平均功率受限的连续信号,通过带宽MHz B 1=的高斯白噪声信道,试求 (1)若信噪比为10,信道容量为多少? (2)若信道容量不变,信噪比降为5,信道带宽应为多少? (3)若信道通频带减为0.5MHz 时,要保持相同的信道容量,信道上的信号与噪声的 平均功率比值应等于多大? 解:1)信道容量为:s Mbits N S B C /46.3)101log()1log(=+=+= 2)在信道容量不变的条件下,信噪比变为5,其带宽为: MHz N S C B 34.158 .246.3)51log(46.3)1log(==+=+= 3)在信道容量不变的条件下,带宽变为0.5MHz ,其信噪比变为: 120121146.3)1log(5.0=?=+?=+ ?=N S N S N S C

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第九章习题答案final

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电磁透镜得结构对电磁场有很大得影响。上图为一种实际常用得带有铁壳以及极靴得电磁透镜示意图。 1)电磁透镜中为了增强磁感应强度,通常将线圈置于一个由软磁材料(纯铁或低碳钢)制成得具有内环形间隙得壳子里,此时线圈得磁力线都集中在壳内,磁感应强度得以加强。狭缝得间隙越小,磁场强度越强,对电子得折射能力越大。 2)增加极靴后得磁线圈内得磁场强度可以有效地集中在狭缝周围几毫米得范围内,显著提高了其聚焦能力。 3、电磁透镜得像差就是怎样产生得,如何来消除或减小像差? 答:电磁透镜得像差可以分为两类:几何像差与色差。几何像差就是因为投射磁场几何形状上得缺陷造成得,色差就是由于电子波得波长或能量发生一定幅度得改变而造成得。几何像差主要指球差与像散。球差就是由于电磁透镜得中心区域与边缘区域对电子得折射能力不符合预定得规律造成得,像散就是由透镜磁场得非旋转对称引起得。 消除或减小得方法: 球差:减小孔径半角或缩小焦距均可减小球差,尤其小孔径半角可使球差明显减小。 像散:引入一个强度与方向都可以调节得矫正磁场即消像散器予以补偿。 色差:采用稳定加速电压得方法有效地较小色差。 4、说明影响光学显微镜与电磁透镜分辨率得关键因素就是什么?如何提高电磁透镜得分辨率? 答:光学显微镜得分辨本领取决于照明光源得波长。 电磁透镜得分辨率由衍射效应与球面像差来决定,球差就是限制电磁透镜分辨本领得主要因素。 若只考虑衍射效应,在照明光源与介质一定得条件下,孔径角α越大,透镜得分辨本领越

五年级试卷-小学语文第十册期末试卷(十二)-语文试题

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第五章习题答案

第五章习题答案

第5章完工产品成本计算 一、填空题 1.如果各月末在产品数量较小,或者在产品数量虽大,但各月之间变化不大的产品,可以采用____________在产品按年初数固定计算__________法计算在产品成本。 2.在分配和计算完工产品和月末在产品成本时,如果月末在产品已接近完工,或产品已经加工完毕但尚未验收或包装入库,在产品可按 _完工产品计算法计算。 3.采用在产品按原材料费用计价 法,产品____加工____费用全部由 ___完工产品_负担。 4.原材料在生产开始时一次投入的情况下,原材料费用可以按完工产品的____产量____和月末在产品的__数量___比例分配费用。 5.在分配和计算完工产品和月末 在产品成本时,如果产品的各项消耗

定额或费用定额比较准确、稳定,而 且各月末在产品数量变化不大时,在 产品可按_定额成本计价法___计价。 6.定额比例法适用于各项消耗定额或费用定额比较准确、___稳定_____,但各月末在产品数量___变化较大___的产品。 二、单项选择题 1.在某产品各月末在产品数量较大, 但各月间变化很小的情况下,为了简 化成本计算工作,其生产费用在该种 产品的完工产品与在产品之间进行 分配时,适宜采用的方法是 ( B )。 A.不计算在产品成本法 B.在产品按固定成本计价法 C.在产品按完工产品计算法 D.在产品按定额成本计价法 2.某种产品经两道工序加工而成。 其原材料分两道工序在每道工序开 始时一次投入:第一工序原材料消耗 定额50千克,第二工序原材料消耗 定额40千克。则第二工序在产品完

工率为( D )。 A.40% B.70% C.77.78% D.100% 3. 某种产品经两道工序加工而 成。各工序的工时定额分别为24小 时、16小时。各道工序的在产品在 本道工序的加工程度按工时定额的 50%计算。则第二道工序在产品累计 工时定额为( C )24+16*50%=32。 A.16小时 B.20小时 C.32 小时 D.40小时 4.如果某种产品的月末在产品数 量较大,各月在产品数量变化也较大, 产品成本中各项费用的比重相差不 多,生产费用在完工产品与在产品之 间分配,应采用的方法是( B )。 A.不计算在产品成本法 B.约当产量比例法 C.在产品按完工产品计算法 D.定额比例法 5.某种产品的各项定额准确、稳 定,其各月末在产品数量变化不大,

新课标小学语文第十册期末试卷

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初一对联专题练习

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4、“轻风细柳,淡月梅花”是一副四字对联。请根据扩展后的下联,在方格中填写一字,组成一副对仗工整的五字联。(1分) 上联:轻风细柳下联:淡月隐梅花 5、请运用对偶知识对对子。 上联:下联:海洋乃人类未来粮仓6、某社区文化活动中心举办楹联应对活动, 其中给出的一则上联是:“品美文若饮甘露”,请你对出下联。 下联: 7、根据下面语言材料,运用对偶知识对出下联。(2分) 春天,湖水涨满,湖天一色,船行湖中,如行天上; 秋日,山色斑斓,山景如画,人游山中,如行画中。 上联:春水船如天上坐; 下联: 8、福州乌山的王琵琶亭有一副对联,上联:一弹流水一弹月。最适合作为下联的一句是()。 A.半入江风半入云B.一味清凉上月时 C.二分明月万梅花D.三月细雨春妩媚 9、《水浒》第十二回标题为一副对联,上联是“梁山泊林冲落草”,下联为() A.青面兽北京斗武B.景阳岗武松打虎 C.急先锋东郭争功D汴京城杨志卖刀

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高考文言文翻译专题训练 ?余尝再游武夷,信宿天游观中,每与静参羽士夜谈茶事。(羽衣、羽客) ?遗药数剂,不索直而去.亡是公(人名)复留兼旬而后别,唯不敢纵饮矣. ?无虑吾农事 ?所谓岿然独存者,无虑十去五六矣。 ?吾数年来欲买舟而下,犹未能也,子何恃而往?- ?吏民皆安堵如故 ?赵简子按兵而不动 ?既而中州板荡,戎狄交侵 ?匈奴人民每来降汉,单于亦辄拘留汉使以相报复 ?宽尝于坐被酒 ?倍道、倍日 ?比年一小聘 ?比年以来,曾无宁岁 1、阅读下文,翻译文中画横线的句子 昔周人有仕数不遇,年老白首,泣涕于途者。人或问之:“何为泣乎?”对曰:“吾仕数不遇,自伤年老失时,是以泣也。”人曰:“仕奈何不一遇也?”对曰:“吾年少之时,学为文,文德成就,始欲仕宦,人君好用老。用老主亡,后主又用武。吾更为武,武节始就,武主又亡。少主始立,好用少年,吾年又老。是以未尝一遇。 ⑴人或问之:“何为泣乎?” 译文: ⑵吾更为武,武节始就,武主又亡。 译文: 2、阅读下文,翻译文中画横线的句子(2002年北京卷) 管仲曰:“吾尝为鲍叔谋事而更穷困,鲍叔不以我为愚,知时有利不利也。吾尝三仕三见逐于君,鲍叔不以我为不肖,知我不遭时也。生我者父母,知我者鲍子也。”鲍叔既进管仲,以身下之。天下不多管仲之贤而多鲍叔能知人也。 ⑴吾尝为鲍叔谋事而更穷困,鲍叔不以我为愚,知时有利不利也。 译文: ⑵天下不多管仲之贤而多鲍叔能知人也。 译文: 3、把文言文阅读材料中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(5分) 太史公曰:“《传》曰:‘其身正,不令而行;其身不正,虽令不从。’其李将军之谓也?余睹李将军悛悛如鄙人,口不能道辞。及死之日,天下知与不知,皆为尽哀。彼其忠实心诚信于士大夫也?谚曰:‘桃李不言,下自成蹊。’此言虽小,可以喻大也。” ⑴其李将军之谓也? 译文: ⑵及死之日,天下知与不知,皆为尽哀。

第五章习题答案

第五章习题答案 5-1 什么是中断系统?中断系统的功能是什么? 实现中断功能的硬件和软件称为中断系统. 中断系统功能包括进行中断优先排队、实现中断嵌套、自动响应中断和实现中断返回。 5-2 什么是中断嵌套? CPU在响应某一个中断源中断请求而进行中断处理时,若有中断优先级更高的中断源发出中断请求,CPU会暂停正在执行的中断服务程序,转向执行中断优先级更高的中断源的中断服务程序,等处理完后,再返回继续执行被暂停的中断服务程序,这个过程称为中断嵌套。 5-3 什么是中断源?MCS-51有哪些中断源?各有什么特点? ①实现中断功能的硬件和软件称为中断系统,产生中断请求的请求源称为中断源. ②5个中断源中共有两个外部中断、两个定时中断和一个串行中断。 (1)外部中断源 外部中断是由外部原因(如打印机、键盘、控制开关、外部故障)引起的,可以通过两 个固定引脚来输入到单片机内的信号,即外部中断0(INT0)和外部中断1(INT1)。 (2)定时中断类 定时中断是由内部定时(或计数)溢出或外部定时(或计数)溢出引起的,即T0和T1 中断。 (3)串行口中断类 串行口中断是为接收或发送一帧串行数据,硬件自动使RI和TI置1,并申请中断 5-4 MCS-51单片机响应外部中断的典型时间是多少?在哪些情况下,CPU将推迟对外部中断请求的响应? (1)MCS-51单片机的最短响应时间为3个机器周期,最长响应时间8个机器周期。 (2)有下列任何一种情况存在,则中断响应会受到阻断。 ①CPU正在执行一个同级或高一级的中断服务程序; ②当前的机器周期不是正在执行的指令的最后一个周期,即正在执行的指令还未完成前,任何中断请求都得不到响应; ③正在执行的指令是返回指令或者对专业寄存器IE、IP进行读/写的指令,此时。在 执行RETI或者读写IE或IP之后,不会马上响应中断请求,至少在执行一条其他之后才会 响应。若存在上述任何一种情况,中断查询结果就被取消,否则,在紧接着的下一个机器周期,就会响应中断。 5-5 MCS-51有哪几种扩展外部中断源的方法?各有什么特点? 扩展外部中断源的方法有定时扩展法和中断加查询扩展法两种。定时扩展法用于外部 中断源个数不太多并且定时器有空余的场合。中断加查询扩展法用于外部中断源个数较多的 场合,但因查询时间较长,在实时控制中要注意能否满足实时控制要求。 5-6 MCS-51单片机各中断源发出的中断请求信号,标记那些寄存器中? 外部中断0(INT0)和外部中断1(INT1)中断请求信号标记在TCON中IE1和IE0。 T0和T1中断中断请求信号标记在TCON中TF1和TF0 串行口中断类中断请求信号标记在SCON中TI和RI 5-7 编写出外部中断1为跳沿触发的中断初始化程序。 SETB EA SETB EX1 SETB IT1

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