词组：
to follow suit do what has been done by sb. else. 效仿，赶潮流，学样
a point of honor sth. considered important for one's self-respect 荣誉感
make a point of
do sth because one considers it important or necessary, to take particular care of,
make extraordinary efforts in, regard or treat as necessary
at intervals occasionally 偶然地
to take a hand help, play a part in 帮忙，参与
narrow down reduce the number of 缩小(范围，数字等)
beat down bargain with(seller)，causing seller to lower price
to hammer away to work hard in order to finish or achieve sth. 努力干…
to impinge on have a noticeable effect on 对…有明显的影响
to fade away to become very less bright，weak or disappear gradually
throw one’s weight on to (sth.) use all one’s strength to press down
set…in motion set sth．going；launch使…运动，移动
to have a lump in one's throat
to have a tight feeling in the throat because of strong emotion, such as sorrow,
pity, gratitude, or excitement, etc.（因强烈的感情）哽咽
on my mind
troubling one's thoughts, causing anxiety, unhappiness. When you have sth. on
your mind, you are completely preoccupied and obsessed.
to rub shoulders with to meet and mix with (people) 与(人们)联系，交往
be oblivious of
be unaware of, not noticing, unconscious of, lacking mindful attention
be ignorant of sth.
lacking of knowledge, have no idea about sth. 对…一无所知
to bob up and down
to move quickly up and down (of one’s hand or body) 快速的点头或鞠躬
by trade
way of making a living，esp．a job that involves making sth．；occupation
sink in to be fully understood or realized 完全理解，充分意识
set off start(a journey，race，etc．)开始(旅行，赛跑等)
to make it To have made it: if you make it, you are successful in achieving
sth. difficult, or in surviving through a very difficult period.
stare down
two people looking at each other persistently until one shifts his eye; overcome
or cause to waver or submit by (or as if by) staring 盯着看；克服（困难险阻）
crop up v．to appear unexpectedly or occasionally意外出现，偶然出现
to look sb. in the eyes fearless, to be afraid of nothing 毫无畏惧的
trace to
to find where sth. came from, where it has gone, when it began or what its cause was 追本溯源
something of a/an…(infml) rather a(n), a fairly good 相当好的
make sth. of oneself be successful 成功
out of the way not blocking space for the forward movement of 无阻碍的
talk a blue streak speak very fast and very much 流利快速的说话hang back be unwilling to act or move停滞
count on depend on, expect, take into account 指望，依靠
go all out to spare no effort, to make one's utmost effort 全力以赴
be true of be the same case, be suitable to 同样的，同样适合的
revert to to go back to a former subject, talk about again 回到（先前的主题）bow down in the House of Rimmon:
you do sth. outwardly with mental reservation 口是心非
to the effect with the information that, meaning that …大意为；意思正如…be devoid of empty of, lacking in, quite without 缺少
many a a large number of 许多的
in due course in due time, at the suitable / proper time 在适当的时机，最终round up cause sb．or sth．to gather in one place 聚集，使集拢
for real genuine or serious 真实的，严肃的
tuck away to hid sth. somewhere or keep it in a safe place 使隐藏
match up to be fit for 匹配，合适
to comply with to obey a rule, an order, etc. 遵从，服从
make a reference to speaking of or mentioning sb．or sth．提到，提及
on the threshold of at the point of entering or beginning of
tie down reduce to bondage；enslave 束缚，限制，奴役
it follows that it shows that；from this we carl see that 由此司见，由此断定It pays to check. to be profitable or worthwhile to check 值得（买的）throw the book
charge or punish sb. as severely as possible or permitted 严厉控诉，惩罚…be to blame be guilty of有罪的
take one’s time to use as much time as you need without hurrying
get around to find the necessary time to 抽时间做…
buy off/over
to get rid of (an unjust claim, a blackmailer) by making a payment/bribe/corrupt sb 通过贿赂…摆脱、摆平解决…
put out stop sth．burning熄灭
to find expression in to be shown in 表现，表达
teem with be full of, to have in great numbers 充满，大量
take one’s time(doing sth．或to do sth．或about sth．) do sth．slowly on a hunch based on feeling and for which there is no proof凭预感
every bit (infml)equalIy；entirely 完全，同样地
soak up to receive and absorb stll．接受并吸收
of sorts (derogative)of a poor or inferior type (贬义)差劲的，劣等
all over what one would expect 0f the person specified 正像所说的人一样in earnest seriously，not jokingly 严肃地，认真地
on hand available, present 便利的，可用的
adhere to to favor strongly, stick firmly to 支持，坚持
take on begin to have呈现
under way begin，start(开始)进行，在前进中。
高英答案自己整理1,2,4,5,10
Lesson 1 Vocabulary A．Look up the following words and phrases．Select the meaning that best suits the sentence in which each appears． 1．the state of being human 2．harmless or trivial lie，esp．one told in order to avoid hurting sb． 3．person regarded as a disgrace or a failure by other members of his family or group 4．to defeat 5．stating sth．as truth firmly and forcefully 6．to make the greatest possible effort 7．mistaken 8．lack of 9．rallying call Explain the following in your own words，bringing out any implied meanings 1．It is no easy job to educate a people who have been told over centuries that they were inferior and of no importance to see that they are humans，the same as any other people． 2．If you break the mental shackles imposed on you by white supremacists，if you really respect yourself，thinking that you are a Man，equal to anyone else，you will be able to take part in the struggle against racial discrimination． 3．The liberation of mind can only be achieved by the Negro himself／herself．Only when he／she is fully convinced that he／she is a Man／Woman and
1) Little donkeys thread their way among the throngs of people 2) Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market. 3) They narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price down. 4) He will price the item high, and yield little in the bargaining. 5) As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear.
1) Serious looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious of the crowds about them. 2) The cab driver’s door popped open at the very sight of a traveler. 3) The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt. 4) I experienced a twinge of embarrassment at the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima in my socks. 5) The few Americans and Germans seemed just as inhibited as I was.
Lesson 4 the Trial That Rocked the World 1. "Don't worry, son, we'll show them a few tricks." 2. The case had erupted round my head... 3. ... no one, least of all I, anticipated that my case would snowball into one of the most famous trials in U. S. History. 4. "That's one hell of a jury!" 5. "Today it is the teachers, "he continued, "and tomorrow the magazines, the books, the newspapers. 6. "There is some doubt about that," Darrow snorted. 7. ... accused Bryan of calling for a duel to the death between science and religion. 8. Spectators paid to gaze at it and ponder whether they might be related. 9. Now Darrow sprang his trump card by calling Bryan as a witness for the defense. 10. My heart went out to the old warrior as spectator s pushed by him to shake Darrow's hand. 1. “Don’t worry, young man, we have some clever and unexpected tactics and we will surprise them in the trial.” 2. The case had come down upon me unexpectedly and violently; 3. I was the last one to expect that my case would become one of the most famous trials in U.S. History. 4. The jury is a completely inappropriate. 5. Today the teachers are put on trial because they teach scientific theory; soon the newspapers and magazines will not be allowed to spread knowledge of science. 6. “It is doubtful whether man has reasoning power,” said Darrow sarcastically and scornfully. 7. ... accused Bryan of demanding that a life or death struggle be fought between science and religion. 8. People had to pay in order to have a look at the ape and to consider carefully whether apes and humans could have a common ancestry. 9. Darrow surprised everyone by asking for Bryan as a witness for Scopes which was a brilliant idea. 10. I felt sorry for Bryan as the spectators rushed past him to congratulate Darrow. Unit 6 Mark Twain --- Mirror of America 1. Mark Twain is known to most Americans as the author of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Huck Finn is noted for his simple and pleasant journey through his boyhood which seems eternal and Tom Sawyer is famous for his free roam of the country and his adventure in one summer which seems never to end. 2. His work on the boat made it possible for him to meet a large variety of people. It is a world of all types of characters. 3. All would reappear in his books, written in the colorful language that he seemed to be able to remember and record as accurately as a phonograph.
Lesson1 1.What, according to the writer,makes good conversation?what spoils it? A good conversation does not really start from anywhere, and no one has any idea where it will go. A good conversation is not for making a point. Argument may often be a part of it, but the purpose of the argument is not to convince. When people become serious and talk as if they have something very important to say, when they argue to convince or to win their point, the conversation is spoilt. 2. Why does the writer like “bar conversation” so much? The writer likes bar conversation very much because he has spent a lot of time in pubs and is used to this kind of conversation. Bar friends are companions, not intimates. They are friends but not intimate enough to be curious about each other's private life and thoughts. 3.Does a good conversation need a focal subject? No. Conversation does not need a focus. But when a focal subject appears in the natural flow of conversation, the conversation becomes vivid, lively and more interesting. 4. Why did people in the pub talk about Australia?Why did the conversation turn to Norman England? The people talked about Australia because the speaker who introduced the subject mentioned incidentally that it was an Australian who had given her such a definition of "the King's English. " When the people talked about the resistance in the lower classes to any attempt by an upper class to lay down rules for "English as it should be spoken", the conversation moved to Norman England because at that time a language barrier existed between the Saxon peasants and the Norman conquerors. 5. How does the use of words show class distinction? The Saxon peasants and their Norman conquerors used different words for the same thing. For examples see paragraph 9. 6. When was “the King’s English” regarded as a form of racial discrimination in England? The King’s English” was regarded as a form 0f racial discrimination during the Norman rule in England about 1154—1399． 7.What is the attitude of the writer towards “the King’s English”? The writer thinks “the King’s English” is a class representation of reality．1t is worth trying to speak “the King’s English”，but it should not be 1aid down as an edict，and made immune to change from below．The King’s English is a model a rich and instructive one- but it ought not to be an ultimatum． 8.What does the writer mean when he says, “the King’s English,like the Anglo-French of the Normans,is a class representation of reality? During the Norman period，the ruling class spoke Anglo— French while the peasants spoke their native Saxon language． Language bears the stamp of the class that uses it．The King’s English today refers to the language used by the upper，educated class in England． Lesson2 1 Like other good writers,Orwll is good at showing rather than telling what details or examples does the writer use to show how poor the natives in Marrakech were. Beyond choice of words and imagery ,Orwell successfully depicts the poverty of the inhabitants of Marrakech by describing objectively the various aspects of their life. His vivid objective descriptions give the reader a clear picture of the poverty of the people. Here are five things he describes to show poverty- (a) the burial of the poor inhabitants (b)an Arab Navvy, an employee of the municipality, begging for a piece of bread (c)the miserable lives of the Jews in the ghettoes~ (d)cultivation of the poor soil; (e) the old women carrying firewood. 2. What’s the main idea of paragraphs 1-2？How were people buried in Marrakech? What does this show? In these two paragraphs, Orwell tells us how people are buried in Marrakech—the crowd of mourners wailing a chant, corpses wrapped in a piece of rag, carried on a rough wooden bier, friends hacking a shallow hole, throwing the body in it, flinging some dried—up earth over it, no grave stone. All these show a vivid picture of the poverty of the place.
Lesson 4 (1)She think her sister has feld life always in the palm of one hand... She thinks that her sister has a firm control of her life. (2)”no” is a word the world never learned to say to her. She could always have anything she wanted, and life was extremely generous to her. (3)Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue. The famous and popular TV talk host, Johnny Carson has to try hard if he wants to catch up with me. (4)It seems to me I have talked to them always with one foot raised in flight... It seems to me that I have talked to them always ready to leave as quickly as possible. (5)She washed us in a river of make-believe... She imposed on us lots of falsity. (6)burned us with a lot of knowledge we didn’t necessarily need to know Imposed on us a lot of knowledge that is totally useless to us. (7)Like good looks and money,quickness passed her by. She is not bright just as she is neither good-looking rich. (8)A dress down to the ground,in this hot weather. Dee wore a very long dress even on such a hot day. (9)You can see me trying to move a second or two before I make it. You can see me trying to move my body a couple of seconds before I finally manage to push myself up. (10)Anyhow,he soon gives up on Maggie. Soon he stops trying to shake hands with Maggie. (11)Though,in fact,I probably could have carried it back beyond the Civil War through the branches. In fact, I could have traced it far back before the Civil War along the branches of the family tree.
七年级英语上册第十二单元单词短语汇 总 第十二单元单词及短语 .subject n.学科；科目 2.science n.科学 3.P.E. abbr.体育 4.because conj.因为 5.description n.描述;记述 6.word n.字;词;话 7.teacher n.教师 8.who pron.谁 9.mrs 夫人；太太 0.example
n.例子；实例1.partner n.伙伴；合作者2.city n.城市 3.mom n.妈妈 4.dad n.爸爸 5.Tuesday n.星期二 6.Thursday n.星期四 7.wednesday n.星期三 8.Friday n.星期五 9.monday n.星期一 20.biology n.生物学 21.busy
adj.忙的；繁忙的；忙碌的 22.next adv.然后;接下去 23.strict adj.严格的；严厉的 24.tired adj.疲倦的；累的 25.miss 小姐（冠于未婚妇女之姓或姓名之前的称呼）26.ask v.询问;问 27.any pron.任何一个 28.dog n.狗 29.around adv.在附近;到处 30.Salina 塞琳娜 31.ken 肯 32.cooper
库珀（姓）Reviewofunits7---12 .America 美国;美洲 2.so conj.因而;所以;那么3.china 中国 4.before prep.在…以前 5.hobby n.业余爱好 6.today n.&adv.今天；今日7.alotof 许多；大量 8.life n.生活 9.martin 马丁
Lesson One 1.And it is an activity only of humans. And conversation is an activity found only among human beings. 2.Conversation is not for making a point. Conversation is not for persuading others to accept our ideas or points of views. 3.In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are prepared to lose. In fact , people who are good at conversation will not argue to win or force others to accept his ideas. 4.Bar friends are not deeply involved in each other?s lives. People who meet each other for a drink in the bar of a pub are not close friends for they are not deeply absorbed in each other?s private lives. 5.....it could still go ignorantly on ... The conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong. 6.They are cattle in the fields ,but we sit down to beef. They animals are called cattle when they are alive and feed in the fields , but when we sit down at the table to eat, we call their meet beef. 7.The new ruling class had built a cultural barrier against him by building their French against his own language. The new ruling class by using French instead of English made it hard for the English to accept or absorb the culture of the rulers. 8.English had come royally into its own. English received proper recognition and was used by the King once more. 9.The phrase has always been used a little pejoratively and even facetiously by the lower classes. The phrase , the King?s English ,has always been used disrespectfully and jokingly by the lower classes.(The working people often mock the proper and formal language of the educated people.) 10.The rebellion against a cultural dominance is still there. As the early Saxon peasants , the working people still have a spirit of opposition to the cultural authority of the ruling class. 11.There is always a great danger that “ words will harden into things for us. “ There is always a great danger , as Carlyle put it , that we might forget that words are only symbols and take them for things they are supposed to represent. 1.However intricate the ways in which animals communicate with each other, they do not indulge in anything that deserves the name of conversation. 不管动物之间的交流方式多么复杂，它们不能参与到称得上是交谈的任何活动中。 2.Argument may often be a part of it, but the purpose of the argument is not to convince. There is no winning in conversation. 争论会经常出现于交谈中，但争论的目的不是为了说服。交谈中没有胜负之说。
高英II-2课文后练习： I. Write short notes on: Marrakech and Morocco. Suggested Reference Books [SRB] 1. any standard gazetteer 2. Encyclopaedia Britannica Marrakech: in west central Morocco, at the Northern foot of the high Atlas, 130 miles south of Casablanca, the chief seaport. The city renowned for leather goods, is one of the principal commercial centers of Morocco. It was founded in 1062 and was the capital of Morocco from then until 1147 and again from 1550 to 1660. It was captured by the French in 1912, when its modern growth began. It has extremely hot summers but mild winters. Yearly rainfall is 9 inches and limited to winter months. The city was formerly also called Morocco. Morocco: Located in North Africa, on the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Morocco is the farthest west of all the Arab countries. Rabat is the capital. The estimated population in 1973 was 15,600,000. About 2000 B. C. it was settled by Berber tribes, who have formed the basis of the population ever since. The Arabs invaded Morocco in the 7thcentury, bringing with them Islam. From the end of the 17thcentury until the early 19th century Morocco was almost entirely free from foreign influence. But in 1912, a Franco- Spanish agreement divided Morocco into 4 administrative zones. It gained independence in 1956 and became a constitutional monarchy in 1957. Morocco is a member of the United Nations, the League of Arab States, and the Organization of African Unity. Moroccans are mainly farmers (70%)who try to grow their own food. They often use camels, donkeys and mules to pull their plows. In the south a few tribesmen still, wander from place to place in the desert. II. Questions on content: 1. Instead of telling the reader that the natives are poor, Orwell shows poverty in at least five ways. Identify them. Here are five things he describes to show poverty- (a) the burial of the poor inhabitants (b)an Arab Navvy, an employee of the municipality, begging for a piece of bread (c)the miserable lives of the Jews in the ghettoes (d)cultivation of the poor soil; (e) the old women carrying fire wood. 2. How are people buried in Marrakech? See paragraphs 1 and 2 3. Explain the sentence, "All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact." (para 3) All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies as animals instead of as human beings. 4. What do you think medieval ghettoes were like? Medieval ghettoes were probably like the Jewish quarters in Marrakech--overcrowded, thousands of people living in a narrow street, houses completely windowless, and the whole area dirty and unhygienic. 5. Why does the writer say, "A good job. Hitler wasn't here"? If Hitler were here, all the Jews would have been massacred大规模屠杀. 6. What kind of people, according to Orwell, are partly invisible? Why does he stress this point? Those who work with their hands are partly invisible. It’s only because of this that the
Paraphrase: L1: 1.Little donkeys thread their way among the throngs of people. 2.Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market. 3.They narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price down. 4.He will price the item high, and yield little in the bargaining. 5.As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear. L2: 1.Serious looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious of the crowds about them. 2.The cab driver’s door popped open at the very sight of a traveler. 3.The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimino and the miniskirt. 4.I experienced a twinge of embarrassment at the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima in my socks. 5.The few Americans and Germans seemed just as inhibited as I was/ 6.After three days in Japan, the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible. 7.I was about to make my little bow of assent, when the meaning of these last words sank in, jolting me out of sad reverie. 8.I thought somehow I had been spared. L3: 1.The prospect of a good catch looked bleak. 2.He moved his finger back in time to the ice of two decades ago. 3.Keeps its engines running to prevent the metal parts from freeze-locking together.
Advanced English Book I Reference Key to Exercises Lesson 1 A Trip for Mrs Taylor Paraphrasing 1.Mrs Taylor felt that the expectation and the preparation for a journey bring about joy and excitement, they are only second to the actual beginning of the journey in importance. 2.All the travelers were busy making preparations and getting to their destinations, they were all eager and a bit impatient, this general feeling makes them be sympathetic and friendly to one another. 3.The trainman said: “Grammy, you have too many things to carry.”He picked up the boy and put him at the passage between the two cars/carriages. 4.Mrs Taylor was glad that she had been able to be in a front position of the queue at the gates(so she found herself a seat in the car.) II. Translate the following sentences into English: 1.I can’t imagine what makes him think of going to graduate school at his age. 2.He started out at 6 o’clock, an hour ahead of his usual time for work. 3.I sensed that Jimmy was eager to tell me about his interview, and he said with a smile on his face: “When I went before the table, the manager raised his head and took stock of me. Then he asked me several questions and said OK.” 4.The general was actually put under house arrest/house confinement. He took refuge in the Chinese painting and calligraphy, and found peace and solace in them. 5.The train from Shanghai to Beijing starts at 17:25, so I had to take a taxi to get there. I boarded the train and found my berth before long the training started. 6.Like Mrs Taylor, Mrs Green lives a lonely life on the skimpy old-age pension. Day after day she is cooped up in a small gloomy room, and she starved for someone to be with her. 7.That woman scientist said: “I can do without jewellery, even without car, but I can’t afford a life without laboratories and books. 8.All the time the children were filled with joy and excitement during the hustle and bustle of the preparations, the automobile ride and the picnic itself. 9.The boat sailed forward, the girls were enthralled with the beautiful scenery around. 10.Anne was appalled to fine Stephen in the corridor, she asked herself: “What was he doing here at this time?” 11.For some time I didn’t recognize her, she was no longer a lively girl I was familiar with before. She looked like a model, wearing a new green velvet dress and a pair of green leather shoes, with her hair done in a bun on the top of her head. 12.This is the first time he came back to his hometown in the country since he left it forty years ago, and he came back with all the nostalgic memories about it. 13.That night she tossed and turned in bed, many things passing her mind. 14.It is quite a job to prepare a bountiful meal for 12 persons. 15.The twin sisters look so much alike that people often mistake one for another. 16.When the granny came back home, she found that the door was open, and things were taken out of the dresser. She examined the drawers to see if anything was missing. To her disappointment, she found out dejectedly that several pieces of jewellery were gone, including a pearl necklace, a gold chain bangle and three brooches set with gems.