大学英语6级考试预测试题 6
Total score: 710 Total time allowed: 125 minutes Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Certificate Mania（考证热）. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:
1. 简述社会上大学生忙于报考各种证书的现象
2. 陈述这种现象产生的原因
3. 阐述考证热的影响, 并简述你的观点
Useful words and expressions:
证书: certificate
狂热（者）: mania/maniac
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)（15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1. For question 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Astrobiology
Nobody has yet seen an extraterrestrial, which may sound like a problem in establishing a science of astrobiology. But in the past 20 years or so, scientists have found clues that life may be quite common in the universe, and many are hopeful that they will soon find hard evidence of life beyond Earth.
Some hints come from terrestrial life. Biologists have discovered many species of extreme-micro-organisms that thrive in extreme environments, such as alkali （碱性的）lakes and rock fissures deep underground. Life may have originated on the ocean floor around thermal vents or black smokers, which may be common features of other planets and moons.
And chemical traces of metabolism appear in Earth’s rocks shortly after the planet’s ferocious Late Heavy Bombardment by meteorites, implying that life might be able to get started quickly and easily.
Meteorites from Mars occasionally hit Earth. Bacteria or their spores（孢子）can probably survive the journey through space, despite the cold and intense radiation, which means that primitive life might once have been carried between the planets of the solar system, an idea called panspermia（胚种论）.
Martian microbes
In 1996, a team claimed that one Martian meteorite, ALH84001, contains fossilized Martian bacteria. Although much of their evidence has been discredited, skeptics cannot yet fully explain the crystals of magnetite found on ALH84001, which closely resemble crystals made by terrestrial bacteria.
Whereas Mars was once though t to be dry and barren, the latest evidence from ESA’s
Mars Express, and the NASA rovers, Spirit and Opportunity, shows signs of liquid water on or near the surface. It seems that billions of years ago, Mars was briefly warm and wet. And even now, water may occasionally flow on the surface.
Probably a better haven for microbes is beneath the Martian surface, where liquid water may be permanent and where the Sun’s dangerous ultraviolet radiation does not penetrate. And newly discovered methane in the atmosphere of Mars may be the by-product of such deep-dwelling bacteria. A range of missions are planned to look for clearer signs of life, including a new version of the lost Beagle 2, and eventually an ambitious US sample-return mission.
Deep dark oceans
The other inner planets seem less promising for life. Although it has been suggested that Venus may once have been habitable, and that microbes could still survive in its clouds-50 kilometers above the surface where the temperature falls below 70°C.
And Thomas Gold of Cornell University, US, has suggested that “deep hot biospheres （生物圈）” exist on Mercury and our Moon, with micro-organisms digesting the rocks as much as 10 kilometers into their respective crusts. He suggests this could also be true of most of the rocky planets and large moons in the solar system.
Orbiting the outer planets of our solar system, several large moons are thought to have a deep, dark ocean beneath their icy shells. Life may feed off of heat and chemicals spilling into these oceans from volcanic vents on Jupiter’s moons Europa, Ganymede and Callisto, as we ll as Saturn’s Titan and Enceladus. The same may be true of Neptune’s moon, Triton. And these may be kept liquid with a dash of ammonia antifreeze. Scientists hope to send probes to explore Europa’s ocean.
Meanwhile, Rosetta and other spacecraft are on a mission to find out whether comets carry a payload of complex organic chemicals, as scientists suspect. Comets might deliver this chemical “feedstock” to young worlds, giving life a head start. Many organic molecules are created by red giant stars, and detected by astronomers in interstellar clouds. Amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, were found on the Murchison meteorite.
Alien Earths
More than 150 planets have now been discovered outside the solar system. Many of these extra-solar planets are “hot Jupiters” ---- massive planets that orbit hotly close to their stars. More promising for life would be alien “Earths”. These are small rocky planets like ours that orbit within a habitable zone一一not too close or too far from the parent star, so the temperature is just right for liquid water to exist on the surface. Other options, such as ocean planets, might be more exotic. NASA’s Kepler mission could detect hundreds of alien Earths when it is launched, currently scheduled for 2008.
The next stage would b e to sniff out life on these distant worlds. ESA’s Darwin and NASA’s Terrestrial planet finder will look for the spectral signature of oxygen, a suggestive but not conclusive sign of life. Later space telescopes will be able to image Earth-like planets many light years away, and search for less ambiguous biomarkers.
Then again, life might like much stranger habitats. David Stevenson of Caltech in Pasadena, US, has suggested that lonely planets, wandering far from any star, could remain warm under a blanket of hydrogen, and maintain liquid water and life.
ET calling?
How about intelligent life? The Drake equation predicts how many civilizations in the galaxy are currently trying to communicate with us, although some factors in the equation are almost pure guesswork.
Optimists face a contradictory statement: if civilizations are common, then why have we not seen them? Scientists have spent more than 40 years on the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SET1), using radio telescopes to listen out for broadcasts from the stars. And the Allen Array is being built specifically for the purpose. Other SETI astronomers are using optical telescopes to search for laser beacons. Some experts think we should be looking for giant space structures or a “message in a bottle” instead.
Why aliens love a good moon?
In a distant planetary system, a dozen giant moons buzz around a planet five times the diameter of Jupiter. Several of the moons are monsters as large as Earth, their surfaces continually rocked by violent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions that would put Krakatoa to shame. Perhaps they seem a vision of hell. Yet a growing number of researchers believe such moons could be cosmic oases. “They might be the most likely places to find life in the galaxy,” says Caleb Scharf, an astrobiologist at Columbia University in New York.
Although no one has ever seen a moon orbiting an extra-solar planet, observing the satellites around Jupiter and Saturn has led some astronomers to think that “exomoons” capable of supporting life are almost certainly out there. What’s more, Scharf believes that life could thrive much farther away from stars than planetary scientists ever thought.
No luck so far, but we will probably find alien bugs before we tune into alien TV.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
1.The author refers to the fact that micro-organisms are found in alkali lakes and rock
fissure deep underground to_______.
A) explain some species have great vitality
B) prove life is everywhere
C) hint it is possible that life can be found beyond Earth
D) show extraterrestrials really exist
2. The fact that chemical traces of metabolism appear in Earth’s rocks soon after Late
Heavy Bombardment implies ______.
A) life might be able to get started quickly and easily
B) life might have originated in meteorites
C) primitive life might once have been carried between two planets
D) Heavy Bombardment caused life to form
3. The latest evidence from ESA’s Mars Express, and the NASA rovers shows______.
A) Mars is thought to be dry and barren
B) there is liquid water on or near the surface
C) there used to be life on Mars
D) Mars might once be warm and wet
4. Microbes may live beneath the Martian surface because______.
A) there is a warn and wet environment
B) the temperature is suitable for microbes
C) there likely is liquid water and no ultraviolet radiation of the Sun
D) there is much oxygen
5. According to Thomas Gold, on the rocky planets and large moons in the solar system,
micro-organisms______.
A) are common in rock fissures deep underground
B) digest the rocks as much as 10 kilometers into their respective crusts
C) don’t exist under their respective crusts
D) appear in warm and wet biospheres
6. Scientists suspect that comets______.
A) can create organic molecules
B) might supply other young astral bodies with organic chemicals
C) have deep hot biospheres as Mercury
D) have a deep, dark ocean beneath their icy shells
7. The mission of ESA’s Darwin and NASA’s Terrestrial planet finder is to search
for______.
A) signs of liquid water in alien Earths
B) less ambiguous biomarkers in alien Earths
C) the spectral signature of oxygen of alien Earths
D) traces of metabolism in alien Earths
8. David Stevenson of Caltech has suggested that lonely planets, wandering far from any
star, could remain warm and ______ under a blanket of hydrogen.
9. Optimists face a contradictory statement: If______, then why have we not seen them?
10. Scharf believes that______ away from stars than planetary scientists ever thought.
Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
11. A) He finds his history book difficult to understand.
B) He has to read a lot of his history books.
C) He doesn’t like the history course.
D) He has lost his history book.
12. A) The English teacher has not been busy.
B) The woman has troubled the English teacher very much.
C) The woman has never troubled the English teacher.
D) The man has troubled the English teacher.
13. A) 6:15. B) 6:40.
C) 5:35. D) 6:01.
14. A) At an airport. B) At a train station.
C) At a sports ground. D) At a bus stop.
15. A) Ed will be late. B) She thinks Ed will be on time.
C) She hopes Ed won’t come. D) Ed can’t come.
16. A) Tony speaks too slowly. B) Tony speaks too fast.
C) Tony doesn’t come to the point.D) Tony’s speech is not clear.
17. A) Walk round the corner to the hotel. B) Take a taxi to the hotel.
C) Telephone the hotel for directions. D) Wait in the candy store.
18. A) She will accept exceptional excuses. B) The man has more excuses.
C) She won’t listen to any explanation.D) She was also overslept like the man. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19. A) The class meets during his working hours.
B) The class is too far away.
C) He has another class at the same time.
D) He’s already familiar with the material.
20. A) All the other work schedules conflict with his classes.
B) He doesn’t want to ask his boss for another favor.
C) He wants to work the same schedule as his friends.
D) He likes to do his homework in the evening.
21. A) Its courses cost less.
B) It has a pool.
C) The class size is smaller.
D) It may offer the class he needs during the day.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
22. A) To fill a vacancy in the company.
B) To advertise for a large flat.
C) To inquire about the ad for the sublet.
D) To apply for a job in a major newspaper.
23. A) A cafe. B) A laundry.
C) A fitness room. D) A swimming pool.
24. A) To purchase the furniture. B) To order the tenant’s credit report.
C) To pay the bills of the facilities. D) To order a copy of a history book.
25. A) Japan. B) China.
C) Korea. D) Canada.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
Passage One
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. A) Fast food restaurants in the United States.
B) The popularity of fast food in the United States.
C) The kinds of fast food in the United States.
D) Countries that provide fast food.
27. A) Mexican food. B) Chinese food.
C) Japanese food. D) Italian food.
28. A) People can take and eat their food in their cars or in their homes.
B) Customers wear any type of dress when they go to a fast food place.
C) It’s a reflection of American way of living.
D) Fast food restaurants provide fast service and cheap food.
Passage Two
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
29. A) 100 degrees centigrade. B) 20 degrees centigrade.
C) 40 degrees centigrade. D)120 degrees centigrade.
30. A) They have deep roots. B) They have few leaves．
C) They have thick bark. D) They grow close together.
31. A) The top of a tree. B) A very hot fire.
C) Tree roots growing close to the surface. D) The highest flame in a fire.
Passage Three
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
32. A) Fever. B) Muscle pain.
C) Sore throat. D) Deficiency of protein.
33. A) A woman. B) A young man.
C) A patient of HIV. D) A secondary school student.
34. A) The government take care of that. B) They do it themselves.
C) The market peddlers do that for them. D) A special service department.
35. A) It kills people. B) It spreads very fast among people.
C) It may kill people in the future. D) It makes chicken bad-tasted.
Section C
Directions:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact works you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
The first peoples to inhabit what today is the southeastern United States sustained themselves as hunters and gatherers. Sometimes early in the first (36) ______ AD, however, they began to (37)______ corn and other crops. Gradually, as they became more skilled at gardening, they settled into (38)______villages and developed a rich culture, characterized by the great earthen mounds they erected as monuments to their gods and as tombs for their by the great earthen mounds they erected as monuments to their gods and as tombs for their (39)______dead. Most of these early mound builders were part of the Adena-Hopewell culture, which had its beginnings near the Ohio River. Its peoples became great traders, bartering goods along extensive trading networks that (40) ______ up and down eastern
North America and as far west as the Rocky Mountains.
About AD 400, the Hopewell culture was supplanted（取代）by the Mississippian. This complex civilization (41）______ the Southeast until shortly before the Europeans began arriving in the sixteenth century. At about the year 1200, it was the most (42) ______ culture in North America. Like their Hopewell (43) ______, the Mississippians became highly skilled at growing food. (44)___________________________________________, and also learned to grow beans. Indeed, agriculture became so important to the Mississippians that it became closely associated with the Sun--the guarantor of good crops.
(45)_________________________________________.
Although most Mississippians lived in small villages, many others inhabited large towns.
(46)_________________________________________________.
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions:In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2. Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.
I’ve heard from and talked to many people who described how Mother Nature simplified their lives for them. They’d lost their home and many or all of their possession s through fires, floods, earthquakes, or some other disaster. Losing everything you own under such circumstances can be distressing, but the people I’ve heard from all saw their loss, ultimately, as a blessing.
“The fire saved us the agony of deciding what to keep and what to get rid of,” one woman wrote. And once all those things were no longer there, she and her husband saw how they had weighed them down and complicated their lives.
“There was so much stuff we never used and that was just taking up space．We vowed when we started over, we’d replace only what we needed, and this time we’d do it right. We’ve kept our promise: we don’t have much now, but what we have is exactly what we wa nt.”
“Though we’ve never had a catastrophic loss such as that, Gibbs and I did have a close call shortly before we decided to simplify. At that time we lived in a fire zone. One night a firestorm raged through and destroyed over six hundred homes in our community. That tragedy gave us the opportunity to look objectively at the goods we’d accumulated.
“We saw that there was so much we could get rid of and not only never miss, but be better off without. Having almost lost it all, we found it much easier to let go of the things we knew we’d never use again.”
Obviously, there’s a tremendous difference between getting rid of possessions and losing them through a natural disaster without having a say in the matter. And this is not to minimize the tragedy and pain such a loss can generate.
But you might think about how you would approach the acquisition process if you had it to do all over again. Look around your home and make a list of what you would replace. Make another list of things you wouldn’t acquire again n o matter what, and in fact would be happy to be rid of.
When you’re ready to start unloading some of your stuff, that list will be a good place
to start.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
47. Many people whose possessions were destroyed in natural disasters eventually
considered their loss _________________.
48. Now that all their possessions were lost in the fire, the woman and her husband felt that
their lives had been _________________.
49. What do we know about the author’s house from the sentence“Gibbs and I did hav e a
close call…”（Lines 1-2, Para.4）?
50. According to the author, getting rid of possessions and losing them through a natural
disaster are vastly ________________________.
51. What does the author suggest people do with unnecessary things?
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.
Accompanying India’s industrial transformation has been another revolution of profound significance. A property-owning middle class is not only fuelling a surge of consumption but developing a keen desire to protect its property. Many want better governance and a legal system that protects them. And all but the very riches complain bitterly about a government that, despite strong and growing revenues, has presided over the collapse of affordable health care and education.
Farmers want change too. The past few years have seen an upsurge of peasant protest, many of them about the rapid encroachment（侵蚀）of cities into rural land. Millions of farmers have been pushed off their field with little, if any, compensation, and anger is growing. India needs another ownership revolution, this time in the countryside.
President A. P. J. Abdul Kalam has s et his sights high. Abroad, he wants to convince the world that India’s rise poses no threat to other countries. At home, he hopes to create a harmonious society. The Congress meeting late next year will be an important opportunity for him to indicate how the government can give the public a greater say in addressing these growing social problems. And it will be a chance to show the world that against the background of India’s remarkable economic change the government is changing too.
Political reform matters. Without it, it is hard to imagine how India could make a stable transition to democracy and an unstable India is more likely to pose a threat to the outside world.
The Bush administration is trying to persuade India that a rising India and a strong America could not only coexist but thrive together. Reassuringly, at least in its relations with America, India for now seems to be guided more by pragmatism（实用主义）than by competition. And just as reassuringly, America is encouraging it in this.
Barring a sharp slowdown in the global economy or some huge crisis at home, India is likely to maintain strong growth for the remainder of this decade. This gives its leaders more leeway （回旋余地）to sort out its banking system, deal with the land-ownership problem,
fix health care and education (which will involve big changes in the country’s financial system) and set up a credible social-security safety net. If it fails to do so in the next few years, it will store up potential crises for the decade beyond, when India’s working-age population will begin to decline and a rapidly aging society will loom closer.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
52. With the reform in industry, Indian government is______.
A) demanded by many people to improve the legal system
B) praised by many people for bringing steady growth to the national income
C) criticized by all the people for building an unsuccessful health care system
D) complained by all the people of not providing enough money for the education
53. The peasants in India call for a reform on land ownership because______.
A) they do not have enough fields to support their families
B) their interests are severely infringed by the fast expansion of urban areas
C) their rights to own a piece of land have been taken by the government
D) they are losing land without getting any money from the government
54. In the context of the passage, “set his sights high” (Line 1, Para. 3）means that President
Kalarn ______.
A) has pictured a bright future for his citizens
B) sees hope in solving the social problems in near future
C) is ambitious to handle both domestic and foreign affairs
D) is farsighted to plan the future developments of his party
55. It can be inferred from the passage that in dealing with its relationship with the US,
Indian government.
A) thinks in the same way as the Bush government does
B) is not confident enough right now to compete with the US
C) regards it beneficial to cooperate with the US
D) is disappointed by the US reluctance to cooperate
56. What is implied in the last paragraph about India in the first twenty years of this century?
A) It will keep on growing fast and steadily.
B) It will slow down the ace of development.
C) It will have no energy to take reforms in various areas.
D) It will have to accomplish all-around improvements.
Passage Two
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
Scientific consensus is a rare thing. But the experts agree almost unanimously on one thing---humankind is changing the earth’s natural environment, and quickly. As an expanding global population spreads ever further around the globe, habitats（栖息地）are being destroyed to make room for mushrooming towns and cities, all the while consuming more and more oil and other fossil fuels.
In many ways humans have never had it so good: Average global life expectancy has shot up by almost 20 years in the past half century, most countries are getting richer by the day and medical science has beaten scores of previously fatal conditions．And yet there are increasing fears that this human-dominated phase of the earth’s long history does much harm to the earth. The statistics compiled by the United Nations Environment Programme, or
UNEP, can make for depressing reading. Species are becoming extinct at a speed around 100 times faster than would happen naturally. Almost half the world’s original forests--the habitat which supports around two-third of the wildlife--- has disappeared in the past three decade. Farming land is eaten by deserts around 30 times faster than ever before seen. While air pollution is thought to kill 50,000 annually in the United States.
Most seriously of all, the climate appears to be changing. The billion of tons of carbon dioxide pump ed into the earth’s atmosphere annually, along with other so-called greenhouse gases, is causing the earth to heat up virtually all environmental scientists agree. Such a change would have a wide range of impacts on the natural world and human society.
Environmental campaigners joined by increasing numbers of politicians-want urgent action. “We really should be very alarmed as a global community,”says Tony Juniper, director of green group Friends of the Earth. “We still have time to do something about these things, but time is now extremely short. There is an increasingly confident assessment about the likelihood of the consequences of global climate change and the time scales that we have to deal with it.”
The international response has been mixed. The 1997 Kyoto protocol（协议）committed industrialized nations to cut their combined greenhouse gas emissions below 1990 levels by 2008-12, but was undermined after the United States, the biggest global polluter, declined to prove the deal. Washington opposed Kyoto’s methods rather than its aims. It acknowledged something needs to be done, calling for the country to cure its addiction to oil. Whatever the consensus on diagnosis, there is little agreement on action, something the UNEP warns must change. To tackle global warming, it warns that only a fundamental change in lifestyle and economy, with a significant moderation in the consumption of resources can bring any hope of a solution.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
57. By saying that “humans have never had it so good” (Line 1, Para. 2), the author means
that people nowadays______.
A) enjoy a much better life than before
B) has reached the peak of civilization
C) are more powerful in changing the earth
D) live in a world with more advanced medical science
58. What is the most alarming consequence of the fast growing population?
A) Species are dying out at an unnatural high speed.
B) Living areas for wildlife are disappearing rapidly.
C) the global weather is becoming warmer.
D) All kinds of natural resource are draining.
59. Concerned with the rising temperature of the earth, Tony Juniper suggests that______.
A) there is no way to prevent the serious consequences
B) it has to be stopped with the help of politicians
C) measures should be carried out immediately to stop it
D) the serious consequences cannot to be predicted
60. The US refused to join the 1997 Kyoto protocol because it______.
A) thought it unnecessary to deal with the global warming
B) found it impossible to reach the goal set by the protocol
C) doubted whether it was treated equal as the biggest polluter
D) believed that control of oil use would be more effective
61. In order to handle the greenhouse effect, the UNEP warns that______.
A) the world must agree on what has caused the changing climate
B) the world must agree on what may result from the changing climate
C) all the countries should agree on how to reduce the greenhouse gases
D) all the countries should take part in looking for the solutions
Part V Cloze (15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
The human race is using up the Earth’s resources faster than ever before, according to a new report by the United Nations Population Fund. “Environmental devastation is not simply a waste of (62) ______, it is a threat to the complex structures that (63) ______ human development,” says the report. “(64) ______ attention must be paid to find a(n) (65) ______between human and environmental needs,” it says.
The report, State of the World Population 2001, says that water supplies and agricultural lands are coming (66) _______ such increasing pressure that, if left (67) ______, our planet will not be able to support us in future years. Over the past 70 years, the world’s population has tripled to 61 billion people, (68) ______ water use increasing six fold, says the report. Already 508 million people live in 31 countries that lack water. And the problem is likely to (69) ______ as the global population is (70) ______ to rise to 8 billion by 2025.
By 2050, predicts the report, 42 billion people will be living in countries that cannot meet people’s daily (71) ______ needs. Unclean water and poor sanitation already kills over 12 million people every year. Food production is also (72) ______ by environmental problems, says the report.
“To (73）______ the future population and improve their diets, the world will have to double food production,” it says. “But since available cropland is (74) ______ most production will have to come from higher (75) ______ rather than new (76) ______.”
According to the report, global poverty cannot be (77) ______ without (78) ______ the environmental damage caused by these increases in consumption and population (79) ______. To reduce the burden on the planet, the report suggests, all efforts should be (80) ______ to improve education and healthcare, as this would (81) ______ reduce population growth.
62. A) facilities B) resources C) reserves D) provisions
63. A) support B) found C) retain D) advocate
64. A) Intensive B) Intense C) Emergent D) Urgent
65. A) equation B) trade off C) balance D) axis
66. A) under B) into C) below D) beyond
67. A) unnoticed B) behind C) alone D) unchecked
68. A) in B) with C) by D) above
69. A) aggravate B) heighten C) decline D) worsen
70. A) projected B) speculated C) intended D) assessed
71. A) luxurious B) utmost C) intrinsic D) basic
72. A) affected B) erected C) reflected D) generated
73. A) contain B) lodge C) furnish D) accommodate
74. A) shrinking B) diminishing C) contracting D) waning
75. A) outputs B) turnovers C) yields D) harvests
76. A) cultivation B) production C) farming D) plowing
77. A) lightened B) released C) elevated D) alleviated
78. A) reversing B) inverting C) upsetting D) disregarding
79. A) standards B) indexes C) norms D) levels
80. A) tried B) taken C) done D) made
81. A) in effect B) in turn C) in part D) by turns
Part VI Translation（5 minutes)
Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分。
82. The Senate has decreed that____________________________________(这样的学生不
能免交学费).
83. The government was accused_______________________________(没能实现其为多数
人创造就业机会的承诺).
84. In such cases, the probability that women quit the job _________________________(比
男性辞职的可能性大三倍)．
85. Sophia was not unconscious, ___________________________(这从她的眼神中可以看
出来).
86. (他刚进屋)______________________________________when people started to stir.
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：https://www.doczj.com/doc/ee15082456.html,/wenkxd.htm（报名网址） 综合题，请根据题目给出的内容，来回答下面给出的试题。Part ⅡReading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part, Each passage is followed by some questions at unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. In 1985 when a Japan Air Lines (JAL) jet crashed, its president, Yasumoto Takagi, called each victim’s family to apologize, and then promptly resigned. And in 1987, when a subsidiary of Toshiba sole sensitive military technology to the former Soviet Union, the chairman of Toshiba gave up his post. These executive actions, which Toshiba calls “the highest form of apology,”may seem bizarre to US managers. No one at Boeing resigned after the JAL crash, which may have been caused by a faulty Boeing repair. The difference between the two business cultures centers around different definitions of delegation. While US executives give both responsibility and authority to their employees, Japanese executives delegate only authority—the responsibility is still theirs. Although the subsidiary that sold the sensitive technology to the Soviets had its own management, the Toshiba top executives said they “must take personal responsibility for not creating an atmosphere throughout the Toshiba group that would make such activity unthinkable, even in an independently run subsidiary.” Such acceptance of community responsibility is not unique to businesses in Japan. School principals in Japan have resigned when their students committed major crimes after school hours. Even if they do not quit, Japanese executives will often accept primary responsibility in other ways, such as taking the first pay cut when a company gets into financial trouble. Such personal sacrifices, even if they are largely symbolic, help to create the sense of community and employee loyalty that is crucial to the Japanese way of doing business. Harvard Business School professor George Lodge calls the ritual acceptance of blame “almost a feudal (封建的) way of purging (清除) the community of dishonor,”and to some in the United States, such resignations look cowardly. However, in an era in which both business and governmental leaders seem particularly good at evading responsibility, many US managers would probably welcome an infusion (灌输) of the Japanese sense of responsibility, If, for instance,
翻译题应试技巧 汉语主动句译成英语被动句 我们在汉译英时，往往也需要把汉语主动句译成被动句。这是因为：为了保证上下文连贯，使衔接更紧密，句子更自然；或强调动作承受者；或使语气婉转、措辞恰当。具体转换方法有如下两种。 1）把汉语主动句的宾语译成英语被动句的主语。 例1 ____________（将领你们去参观我们的新车间）by the secretary. 译文：Y ou will be shown our new workshop. 简评：如果这句话不是划线填内容，你完全可以将它翻译成The secretary will show you our new workshop。正是因为题型是补全句子，这就给翻译带来了一定的难度，你必须去适应题型要求而不是让题型来适应你。让我们看看译文已给出部分：by the secretary显然是一个被动语态特征，"秘书"在译文里已经由原来的主语变成了译文句子的补足成分。所以，题目是暗示我们要把原句中"你们"转换成译句里的主语，这样才符合出题要求。 例2 Y ou __________（我们期待你能组织贸易推广活动）this time. 译文：are expected to organize the trade publicity campaigns. 简评：根据题目可推知全句意思是：我们期望你能组织这次的贸易推广活动。中文句子主语、谓语、宾语分别是：我们、期望、你。但是在英文译文的给出部分中我们看到句子以you开头，也就是说"你被期望能组织这次贸易推广活动"。中文的宾语变成了英文的主语，这就要求我们在翻译时要使用被动语态。全句完整答案是：Y ou are expected to organize the trade publicity campaigns this time. 2）当汉语句以"我们"、"人们"、"大家"等泛指性代词作主语时，在翻译成英文的时候常常可以忽略主语不译，并把英文译句处理成被动语态。处理后的英文译句往往带有know，see，find，say，suppose，estimate，report，suggest，stress，consider，expect，admit，point，understand 等动词。 例3 如果原子失去一个或多个电子，我们就说这个原子带正电荷。 译文：If one or more electrons are removed，the atom is said/believed/thought to be positively charged. 简评：这句话是一个条件从句。即：在原子失去一个或多个电子的情况下，这个电子带正电荷。"我们就说这个原子带正电荷"可理解为"这个原子被认为/ 被确信/ 被说成是带正电荷"。那么根据前面所说的原则，我们在翻译时可以将泛指性主语"我们"省略不译，并使用被动语态。 从这个例子里我们还可以看出，在科技文章中，根据英语表达习惯我们应当多采用被动语态，以强调事物的客观性。 例4 人们采用各种措施来防止腐蚀。 译文：All kinds of measures are taken to prevent corrosion. 简评：这句话可以按原文译成主动态，即：People have taken all kinds of measures to prevent corrosion。也可以用被动语态来翻译--All kinds of measures are taken to prevent corrosion。两者比较而言，被动态译文更突出表明所有、种种措施已经付诸实施，all kinds of measures得到强调，而主动态译法只是平铺直叙，重点不突出。
英语六级口语考试介绍 引言：为推动我国大学英语教学，使大学生获得更强的交际能力，国家教育部开始实施口语。下面给大家做个口语考试介绍。 大学英语六级(CET-SET)口语考试介绍 一、能力范围及评分标准 CET-SET主要考核学生英语口头表达能力，其中包括：就一般性话题进行比较流利的会话能力;表达个人意见、情感、观点等的能力;陈述事实、理由和描述事件的能力。评分依据以下标准： 1.准确性：指考生语音、语调以及所使用的语法和词汇的准确程度; 2.语言范围：指考生使用的词汇和语法结构的复杂程度和范围; 3.话语的长短：指考生对整个考试中的交际所作的贡献、讲话的多少; 4.连贯性：指考生有能力进行较长时间的、语言连贯的发言; 5.灵活性：指考生应付不同情景和话题的能力; 6.适切性：指考生根据不同场合选用适当确切的语言的能力。 二、考试内容及流程 大学英语六级口语考试(CET-SET6)内容及流程 部分内容考试过程答题时间 1 自我介绍和问答先由考生自我介绍，然后回答考官提问。考试时间约2分钟。自我介绍：每位考生20秒（两位考生依次进行）回答问题：每位考生30秒（两位考生同步进行） 2 陈述和讨论考生准备1分钟后，根据所给提示作个人陈述；两位考生就指定的话题讨论。考试时间约8分钟。个人陈述：每位考生1分30秒（两位考生依次进行）两人讨论：3分钟 3 问答考生回答考官的一个问题。考试时间约1分钟。每位考生45秒（两位考生同步进行） 三、考试时间 2017年大学英语四六级考试时间
日期考试名称 5月20日-21日上半年全国大学英语四六级考试（口语） 6月17日上半年全国大学英语四六级考试（笔试） 11月18日-19日下半年全国大学英语四六级考试（口语） 12月16日下半年全国大学英语四六级考试（笔试）
大学英语六级翻译策略之汉语主动句译成英语被动句 我们在汉译英时，往往也需要把汉语主动句译成被动句。这是因为：为了保证上下文连贯，使衔接更紧密，句子更自然;或强调动作承受者;或使语气婉转、措辞恰当。具体转换方法有如下两种。 1)把汉语主动句的宾语译成英语被动句的主语。 例1____________(将领你们去参观我们的新车间)by the secretary.来自https://www.doczj.com/doc/ee15082456.html, 译文：You will be shown our new workshop. 简评：如果这句话不是划线填内容，你完全可以将它翻译成The secretary will show you our new workshop。正是因为题型是补全句子，这就给翻译带来了一定的难度，你必须去适应题型要求而不是让题型来适应你。让我们看看译文已给出部分：by the secretary显然是一个被动语态特征，“秘书”在译文里已经由原来的主语变成了译文句子的补足成分。所以，题目是暗示我们要把原句中“你们”转换成译句里的主语，这样才符合出题要求。 例2You__________(我们期待你能组织贸易推广活动)this time. 译文：are expected to organize the trade publicity campaigns. 简评：根据题目可推知全句意思是：我们期望你能组织这次的贸易推广活动。中文句子主语、谓语、宾语分别是：我们、期望、你。但是在英文译文的给出部分中我们看到句子以you开头，也就是说“你被期望能组织这次贸易推广活动”。中文的宾语变成了英文的主语，这就要求我们在翻译时要使用被动语态。全句完整答案是：You are expected to organize the trade publicity campaigns this time. 2)当汉语句以“我们”、“人们”、“大家”等泛指性代词作主语时，在翻译成英文的时候常常可以忽略主语不译，并把英文译句处理成被动语态。处理后的英文译句往往带有know，see，find，say，suppose，estimate，report，suggest，stress，consider，expect，admit，point，understand等动词。 例3如果原子失去一个或多个电子，我们就说这个原子带正电荷。 译文：If one or more electrons are removed，the atom is said/believed/thought to be positively charged. 简评：这句话是一个条件从句。即：在原子失去一个或多个电子的情况下，这个电子带正电荷。“我们就说这个原子带正电荷”可理解为“这个原子被认为/被确信/被说成
大学英语四级阅读：选词填空技巧汇总 选词填空的考察形式 一篇280词左右的文章，文章中挖出10个空，并统一给出A-O 15个备选答案。选词填空区别于完形填空，有更大的解题难度，原因在于： 1. 完形填空每题都是四选一，选词填空第一题要十五选一，就算用到排除法，最后一题也要六选一，而且在十五个选项中还有五个根本不会用到，难度加大； 2. 完形填空每题的四个选项都是统一的词性，只需要辨析词义、搭配就基本可以作答，而选词填空的十五个选项有多个词性，解题时需要同时判断词性和词义，难度加大； 3. 完形填空每题的四个选项往往都是统一时态，统一形式，而在选词填空中会涉及选项的动词时态、第三人称单数形式、被动主动语态，名词的单复数等的辨析，难度加大。 针对选词填空的解题方法分为三步 1. 预览选项，了解词义并把选项分为四大类词性：名词n，动词v，形容词a，副词ad，在每个选项后作词性的简要标记； 2. 精读全文开头，把握文章主题，并以三个空或一个段落为一个单位，利用前后文判 断每空的词性； 3. 把对应词性的选项逐一带回原文，含义通顺，时态、主谓搭配一致的为正确选项。 四级考试的常用后缀在判断选项词性时可以有一定帮助作用。在根据前后文判断每空的词性时，一些经常考察的形式如下： 名词：通常来说，冠词(如a，an，the)、形容词、介词后面搭配名词，即"a/an/the/adj./prep. + n。"， 举例说明：Education soon became a _____. 冠词a后面加可数名词的单数形式，正确答案是nightmare，这句话的意思是"教育很快成了一种噩梦。" As the trade winds lessen in _____, the ocean temperatures rise causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5 degrees. (06-6) 介词in后面加名词，正确答案是strength，这句话的意思是"当信风强度减弱的时候，海洋温度上升，导致从东部流入的秘鲁洋流上升了5摄氏度之多。"较难的一个例子：Husbands and children now do some of these jobs, a ____ that has changed the target market for many products. (06-12) 这里可以用两种判断方法来判断横线处所填词的词性。第一种方法，用句子结构来判断，前面一句话，husbands and children now do some of these jobs，这是一个完整的句子，主语husbands and children，谓语动词do，宾语some of these jobs；后面的that 引导的是一个同位语从句，它所修饰的中心词就是a后面需要填的词，而定语从句的中心词是名词，所以横线处应填一个名词。第二种方法，根据刚才所说的"a + 名词"的语法规则来判断，横线处应该填一个名词，而且是一个可数名词的单数形式。正确答案是situation。这句话的意思是"丈夫和孩子现在也做一些这样的工作了，这种情况就改变了许多产品的目标市场。" 动词：动词的考点很多，我们来看其中三种： 1. 主语后缺谓语动词。举例说明：He ____ from his teachers, came home in tears and thought about dropping out. 在这句话里，主语是he，本来后面应该有一个动词作谓语，但是这里没有动词，而是在横线后面出现了一个介词短语from his teachers，这样这句话就缺少谓语动词，所以横线上应该填一个动词。正确答案是hid，这句话的意思是"他不愿见老师，
2015年6月大学英语六级考试真题(一)答案 写作 The Importance of Practice Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the key to it is a proverb vividly showing the relationship between knowledge and practice. Apparently, this saying delive rs the message that if we want to truly acquire the knowledge, we ought not to stop practicing what we’ve learned. As for us college students, practice is of great importance. There are two reaso ns for this statement. To begin with, it is by practice that we can apply the know ledge we have obtained from our textbooks to solving practical problems. By doi ng so, we can get more experience. What’s more, knowledge has become so gro wingly complicated that if we don’t ponder over it again and again, we cannot g enuinely grasp the essence of it. Oral English learning is a good case in point. Ev en if one is extremely familiar with the grammar of the language, he will never b e a fluent speaker if he doesn’t open his mouth to speak. To sum up, practice is of great importance for those who are determined to truly grasp knowledge. Practice not only assists us in getting more social experience, but also enables us to capture the essence of knowledge. 听力 1. C) Attend the concert. 2. D) None of the passengers were injured or killed. 3. A) An article about the election.
09年12月大学英语六级考试最后突击技巧 第一部分写作30分钟一道题目（占总分值15%） “我没有记住名言，怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”，很好办：编! 经典句型： A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. (适用于自编名言) 更多经典句型： As everyone knows, N o one can deny that… 原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。 不妨试用下面的句型： According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation. 看起来这个数字文邹邹的，其实都是编造出来的，下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造： Honesty 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 Travel by Bike 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 Youth 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，在某个大学，学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 A recent statistics show s that … 说完了，毕竟要归纳一番，也就是说，开头很好，也必然要有一个精彩的结尾，让读者眼前一亮，这样，你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子： Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others. 更多过渡短语： to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus
大学英语六级口语考试自我介绍 1、 good morning/afternoon/evening, my name is. it is really a great honor to have this opportunity/chance to introduce myself. i would like to answer whatever you may raise, and i hope i can make a good performance today. 上午好/下午好/晚上好!我的名字叫……。今天有机会进行自我介绍深感荣幸。我乐意回答你们所提出来的任何问题。我希望我今天能表现的非常出色。 2、i am years old, born in province/beijing, northeast/southeast/southwest…… of china, and i am currently a freshman (大一新生)/sophomore (大二学生)/junior (大三学生)/senior (大四学生) student at capital institute of physical education. 我今年……岁，出生在……省/北京，它位于中国的东北/东南/西南……等部。我目前是首都体育学院大一/大二/大三/大四的学生。 3、my major is sports training of basketball/voellyball/football/badminton/pingbang/tennis/ 我主修篮球/排球/足球/羽毛球/乒乓球/网球/田径/游泳/跆拳道等运动训练专业。在我毕业以后，我将会获得学士学位。 4、 in the past 1/2/3 years, i spend most of my time on study. i have passed cet3/4/6 and i have acquired basic knowledge of sports training both in theory and in practice. 在过去的1/2/3年中，我把大量的时间用在学习上。我已经通过了大学英语2/3/4/6级。而且，我已经从理论和实践二方面对运动训练专业的基础知识有了一个大致的了解。 5、 besides, i have attended several sports meetings held in beijing. i am also the volunteers of china tennis open, chinese badminton masters……. through these i have a deeply understanding of
翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。六级长度为180-200字。把这段180-200汉字翻译成英文是需要一定步骤的，我们一起来看一下：做题步骤和时间分配： ?1. 通读全段，逐句标号。 –标出难词等。2分钟。 ?2. 处理原文，梳理逻辑。 –正确断句、合句、找准主语。3分钟 ?3. 逐句翻译，快速草稿。15分钟。 ?4. 调整加工，定稿誊抄。复查 –检查有无漏译、错译;检查语言是否通顺。8分钟。 , 了解完了翻译步骤，我们一起来看一下六级翻译的要点及方法：翻译，就是对语言表层背后，深层思维差异的处理。很多同学在翻译时容易犯逐字翻译的错误，其实翻译是意思的传递，所以保证原文的意思不变是最重要的。 大家在翻译词汇选择时要做到以下原则： –“瞻前顾后”：句子前后都要注意，联系前后文选择词汇 –“得意忘形”：翻译最重要的是传达意思，不要过于拘于形式。 总这样说可能过于抽象，下面结合实例为大家讲解一些翻译技巧： 翻译时最主要的精力不是放在最难的句子，要放在最前面的句子。全段6-7句话。前两句一般难度最低，但在评分中最为重要。 ?首句(或首句+次句)：破题/下定义 –主语+谓语+宾语【S-V-O】 –主语+系语+表语【S-V-P】 } –主语+谓语+双宾语【S-V-oO】 –主语+谓语+复合宾语【S-V-OC】 –主语+谓语【SV】
牢记基本句型，因为：中英文此处一致! 【翻译技巧】汉译英时，如是单句，应首先确定主谓主干;如是复杂的句子或长句，则需要确立信息重心。这是英译的第一步，也是正确译文的基础。 ?确定主谓 【翻译技巧】将中文主语的“开放”，想办法变成英文的“封闭”。 ?“京剧(Peking Opera)已有200多年的历史，是中国的国剧。” ?Peking Opera is the national opera of China. 【翻译技巧】英语首先解决： ~ ?“谁，干了啥” 【翻译技巧】先定主谓，再加修饰。 “右扩展”VS.“左扩展”：如果是单个修饰词，我们就把修饰词放在主干的左边，如果是两个及两个以上的修饰词，我们就把修饰词放到主干的右边：例如： –一个花园 a garden(主干) –一个漂亮的花园 a beautiful garden(修饰词在主干的左边) –一个看上去很漂亮的花园 a garden that looks beautiful.(修饰词在主干的右边) 【翻译技巧】英语句子通用公式： ?(状)+ 主+(定)+ 谓+(状)+宾+(定)+(状) ?昨天下午三点钟我在东风广场附近的昆明百货大楼花了50元买了一条裤子。 ） ?I bought a pair of trousers at the cost of 50 yuan in Kunming Department Store near Dongfeng Square at 3 o’clock yesterday afternoon. 翻译技巧：“短句合译” –1. 使用从句(状从、定从) –2. 使用非谓语动词 –3. 使用同位语
做题技巧：做完快速阅读离听力开始还有五分钟，在这五分钟内老师会把你的答题卡1收上去，然后我们要做的就是浏览听力的所有选项。这段时间是充分发挥你记忆力的时候，记住的选项越多越好。加了长对话和考试和复合式听写之后听力时间变长了，很容易让人觉得疲惫，所以做听力的时候一定要保持最佳状态。 v一．卷子发下来后快速的浏览一遍，包括题干和答案。这样会大大提高你对听力的理解---知道它是讲什么内容，大概是怎么回事。 大学英语六级听力技巧 v二．没听懂的题目，就放弃它，千万不要在听下道题的时候还在想上道题。这样会引起头脑的混乱。 大学英语六级听力技巧 v三．相信第一感觉，听力部分不是非常确凿的感觉的话不要改动开始的答案。人的脑袋有时候会混淆的。因此很多情况下不是你选错了，而是改错了。因此轻易别选，但是选了之后轻易别改。 大学英语六级听力技巧 v四．复合式听写的句子部分是得分大户，也是丢分大户，一定注意听懂再写，以句子为单位而不是以单词为单位去写。写出主要意思即可。不会写的单词要用同义词来替换。 大学英语六级考试七大听力技巧与题型分析 v(一)提炼选项中的重要信息 v考生务必先看选项。当录音人开始宣读Directions 时，考生应充分利用这段时间速读选项，预测考点，从而做到心中有数。通过先看选项，可以明确题目多方面的信息： v1)题目涉及到的人物、地点、场合等，在非主题题型中，可能暴露该题的主题。考生可以通过对全部选项的速读建立起一个大概的场景，比如:图书馆、医院病房等，从而联想起与该环境有关的词汇，迅速进入状态; 大学英语六级考试七大听力技巧与题型分析 v(一)提炼选项中的重要信息 v提醒考生务必先看选项。当录音人开始宣读Directions 时，考生应充分利用这段时间速读选项，预测考点，从而做到心中有数。通过先看选项，可以明确题目多方面的信息： 大学英语六级考试七大听力技巧与题型分析 2)当四个选项是同类短语时，考点就在这一细节。这时，考生应充分集中精力，听懂时间、数字等与选项对应的细节考点; 大学英语六级考试七大听力技巧与题型分析 3)尽管四个选项中只有一个正确答案，其余的三个选项设置也并非和题目毫无关系。利用设定干扰选项所遵循的规律，我们可以大胆地进行猜想。这种猜测其实并不耽误时间，也不怎么消耗脑力，考生反而能够通过猜想事先得到一个对该题的印象。
六级阅读各题型有的放矢-简答及选词填空 在新六级的考试大纲中明确写出简答题和选词填空是或考题型，即每次考试考哪一道题都是不确定的，但是从改革之后的几次考察情况来看，大家或者也能感觉到哪一道题会重要些，从2006年12月开始实行新的题型，六次考试全都都考了简答题。但我们还是对两种题型做同样的分析。 简答题 考试大纲中，关于简答题的介绍如下： 简答题的篇幅长度约为400－450词，篇章后面有若干个问题，要求考生根据对文章的理解简洁地（少于10个词）回答问题或完成句子。 通常来说，简答题在一篇文章之后有五道题，这五题中问答和完成句子的数量是不确定的，有时多问题，有时多完成句子。那经过对历年真题的分析，我们发现此题的话题与传统阅读部分是非常相似的，基本上在交通、大众传媒、文化、网络这几个话题上，相对来说比传统阅读还要少一些。文章的难度相对较低，尤其是长难句的数量也有所减少。 此题难度较低，原因在于绝大多数题目都是细节题的考法，而此处不需要对原文信息进行同义替换，可直接抄写原文信息，故此题只需要进行定位即可。考生朋友把握三条原则，此题可解。 1）答案与问法一致原则。 做此题时，首先看题干，划关键词，同时还要对问法做出标记，根据问法的不同，考生的回答也应该有所不同，如2009年6月20日真题的第47，48两道题： 2）照抄原文原则 定位后，可以通过对比原文与题干，找出丢失信息，直接从原文中抄写即可，尽量不要对原文信息做改写，或调整，必要的时候也只是同一个单词的词性的变化。请看下面例题： 48. By promoting “body activism,” University of Texas psychologists aim to prevent ________. 利用划线的两处名词，可以在原文中找到如下的句子：What is surprising is the method psychologists at the University of Texas have come up with to keep girls from developing eating disorders. Their main weapon against super skinny (role) models: a brand of civil disobedience dubbed “body activism.”
2019年6月大学英语六级考试真题及参考答案（第1套） Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of motivation and methods in learning.You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 【参考范文】 As an old saying goes, knowledge can change one’s life. In order to acquire knowledge, we have to study hard. However, it can not be ignored that effective learning needs both motivation and scientific methods. It’s not difficult for us to come up with se veral possible reasons accounting for this perspective. In the first place, learning is a kind of serious and hard work. Therefore, not everyone is able to keep going without certain internal motivations. Besides, scientific methods play a significant role in improving learning efficiency. Many of us believe that the longer you study, the better grades you will get. But a lot of experiences of our classmates prove that this view is not entirely correct. In details, studying for a long time is exhausting and it is very likely to decrease study efficiency, which is critical to academic performance. From what has been mentioned above, we can easily draw a conclusion that the importance of motivation and methods in learning is self-evident. And it is necessary for us to develop good learning methods. 【参考范文译文】 俗话说，知识能改变命运。因此，为了获得知识，我们必须努力学习。然而，不可忽略的是，有效的学习既离不开学习动力的存在，也离不开科学的学习方法。 不难列举上述观点的原因。首先，学习是一件严肃且困难的事。因此，不是每个人都能在没有某种内在动机的情况下一直继续。此外，科学的方法在提高学习效率方面发挥着重要的作用。我们当中有不少人都认为，学习的时间越长，成绩就会越好。但是我们周边同学的很多经历证明这个观点并不完全正确。具体来说，长时间的学习是累人的，因此它很可能会降低学习效率，而学习效率对于学业成绩来说却是至关重要的。 综上所述，我们可以很容易就得出如下结论：学习动机和方法的重要性是不言而喻的，因此我们非常有必要形成良好的学习方法。
大学英语六级翻译解题技巧 新六级中，写作和翻译部分分值比例为20％。其中，写作部分15％，翻译部分5％。翻译部分测试的是句子、短语或常用表达层次上的中译英能力。 和其他翻译考试不同（例如考研的翻译考察的是篇章结构中局部句子的英译汉），六级翻译将很少涉及翻译的深层技巧与文化背景知识。因此，虽然该部分以汉译英的命题形式出现，考点的实质仍是基础知识，如果考生备考时能够牢固掌握核心的词汇、语法等知识点，拿到汉译英部分分数应该是相对容易的。但是需要注意到的是，汉译英部分的做题时间只有5分钟，这就意味着考生必须对知识点掌握足够熟练，满足考题在测试速度上的要求。 总之，就新六级中只占5％的翻译而言，它的实质是变相的测试词汇、语法和短语结构。考生无需钻研翻译技能和英美文化背景知识。 解题步骤： 第一步：首先快速浏览句子，先看英语不看汉语，从而判断划线处所填句子的形式、时态。 所谓形式包括： 1. 词组固定搭配(不定式短语、分词短语、动名词、句子等); 2. 虚拟; 3. 被动 所谓时态是指：根据前后已经给出的英语句子判断所填英语句子的时态。 第二步：看括号里面的汉语句子，以核心谓语动词为切入点，找准主谓宾、分清定状补。第三步：先翻译主谓宾、后翻译定状补，切块对应翻译，重新组合。 动词注意时态，名词注意单复数。 考生应该注意以下几种虚拟语气的形式： 第一种：由“ if ”引导的虚拟句子 (1). 与现在的事实相反：[If --- + were/did---, --- + would do---] If I were you, I would marry him. 如果我是你,就会嫁给他。 (2). 与过去的事实相反：[If --- + had done---, --- +would have done---] If you had worked hard , you would have passed the exam.如果你用功学习,就会通过考试了。 (3). 与将来的事实可能相反：[If ---+ should do---, ---+ would do---] If it should rain tomorrow, what would you do? 如果明天下雨,你怎么办? 第二种：用在表示要求、建议、命令等的名词从句中 从句谓语形式为：“---(should ) + do sth” (在美语中should常省去) 。 类似用法的动词有：insist (坚持) , suggest (建议) , order(命令) , propose (建议) , demand (要求) , command (命令) , advise (建议) , desire (要求、请求) , request (请求) , require (需要、要求) , ask (要求) , prefer (宁愿), recommend(推荐) , arrange ( 安排) , advocate ( 拥护、提倡) ,maintain(坚决主张)等后面的宾语从句中。 第三种：在“It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that ....” 句型中，that从句中的谓语动词用should + 动词原形 其他类似的词还有“It + be + important (necessary , natural , essential , strange , absurd , amazing , annoying , desirable, surprising , vital , advisable , anxious , compulsory , crucial , imperative , eager , fitting , possible , impossible , improper , obligatory , probable , preferable , strange , urgent 等, 以及insisted , suggested , ordered , requested , arranged , recommended 等) + that ---” 第四种：用在It is time that --- 结构中, 从句的动词必须用过去时以表示实际上还未做到，意思则指现在或将来，that一词可以省略，意思是“早该”或“该”。
大学英语四六级考试必知应试技巧 巨微英语 一、听力： 1、对话题；用试音和念题的时间熟悉选项，找关键信息点，找像but,however，一类的转折词都有可能含有关键信息，再通过句中重要名词和常见高频动词判断场景，提高准确率。 2、短文理解，一般西方人在一篇文章中开头结尾都会包含很多信息，理解这些有助于把握整篇文章，再关注一些时间数字地点等信息。 3、复合式听写，听之前迅速浏览全文，判断文章大概内容和结构，观察空格后的语法信息，判断应填的词性单复数时态及语态，重点记那些支撑句子结构的主要成分，即主语谓语宾语，而一些虚词则可省略。 二、阅读： 1、否定词，答题时依靠否定关系，能排除干扰内容。注意，除了运用常见否定词外，否定前缀也要注意。 2、因果连词，如果题目要求从文中找出相应信息，一定要把句子看完整，应对要求解释句子的题目，优先考虑因果关系。 3、转折词，一旦出现对比关系，就能很快判断句间和句内的关系。转折词往往表示前后内容不一样，容易成为出题重点。 4、核心词，题干中反复出现的名词和各段段首反复出现的名词都可能是核心词，
很多题目都和文章或段落的主题有关，有很多正确选项自然不可避免地包含文章主题词或段落核心词。 三、翻译： 1、根据原文含义增减词语，通过添加词语的方式，更忠实的表达原文的隐藏含义。在不影响原意的情况下省略无关紧要的词语。 2、恰当运用词类转换，特别是名词，动词，形容词这类词语。可以转换使用，运用这些可使译文通顺流畅。 3、警惕被动语态，英语中被动语态使用频率要远远高于汉语。如果一味按照原句的语态来翻译，往往使译文显得别扭。 4、通常情况下，长句要分译，短句要合译。 四、写作： 1、字迹清晰，段落分明，每段开头空四至八个字母格。 2、内容完整，紧扣提纲。 3、语法和拼写正确，再追求闪光的句子。