2016高考英语二轮：广西北海市阅读理解基础选练（6）及答案
'阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
Zoos divide opinion ：there are those who think it is cruel to keep animals locked up while others believe zoos are essential for the survival of endangered species.
To argue that zoos imprison animals is to misunderstand what zoos are about. Without zoos many of the creatures we love and admire would no longer exist. Every single day，over one hundred animal species vanish. Scientists predict that as early as 2050 one quarter of the Earth’s spe cies will become extinct.
Some animals are in danger because they are hunted. Alarmingly, the population of tigers has already fallen by ninety-five percent. Other species are in danger because of a lack of food. For example, there are fewer than 1300 giant pandas left in the wild.
Zoos have special breeding programmes to help those animals at risk. These breeding programmes are proving extremely successful. As Irene Shapiro from Zoo and Wildlife Support says, “the Puerto Rican Parrot has grown in numbers from just thirteen to about eighty-five and the Golden Lion Tamarin Monkey, which has almost ceased to exist twenty years ago, has been reintroduced back into the wild. ”
Unfortunately, not everyone understands this important role zoos play. For example, Brian Featherstone from the Anti-Zoo Forum says, “I can’t believe we take animals from the wild and put them in cages for the entertainment of the public! We should view them on film or TV in their natural environment.，’
However, this misses the point. A zoo does more than display animals to the public. It ensures their survival. Without zoos you would not be able to see
many of these animals on TV or anywhere else!
26. What’s the writer’s attitude towards zoos?
A. He shows no opinion either for or against them.
B. He thinks that they are unnecessary and cruel.
C. He believes they play an important environmental role.
D. He expresses a desire that more of them be built.
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。最后一段作者说，动物园保证了动物的幸存，没有动物园你将不可能在电视上或者其他任何地方看到许多动物。由此可见，作者认为动物园扮演着一个重要的环境角色。故选C。
27.The underlined word “vanish” in Paragraph 2 most probably means _____.
A. remain
B. disappear
C. become rarer
D. get killed
【答案】B
【解析】词义猜测题。A。保持，留下 B。消失 C.变得更稀罕 D.被杀
下一句说，科学家预言早在2050年四分之一的地球物种将会灭绝。因此，每一天都会有100多个动物物种消失。故选B。
28.__ According to the passa ge the world’s tiger population _____.
A. will rise by 5% next year
B. is relatively stable
C/ is 95% smaller than in the past D. has fallen to 95%
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。第三段“Alarmingly, the population of tigers has already fallen by ninety-five percent.”说明让人担忧的是，老虎的数量已经下降了95%，即数量比过去少了95%。故选C。
29 ? According to the passage some people do not agree with zoos because they _____
A. are too expensive to run
B. put animals in danger
C. do not provide enough food
D. keep animals locked up
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。第五段Brian Featherstone就认为我们应该在电影或电视
上看动物在自然环境中的生活。所以，一些人不同意动物园的做法是因为动物园把动物都锁了起来，使其无法生活在自然界。
30.According to the writer ，the most important function of the zoo is to _____.
A. make a lot of money
B. entertain visitors
C. ensure animals’ survival
D. educate the public
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。最后一段“However, this misses the point. A zoo does more than display animals to the public. It ensures their survival.”说明Brian Featherstone没有抓住要领，动物园不仅把动物展示给公众。它确保了动物的生存。故选C。
社会生活类阅读理解。
During the fall months at high school guidance counseling programs, juniors run to the stage to participate in an exercise to help them understand that it is not “where you go” that matters. They hold posters with the names and faces of famous people while their peers (同龄人) and parents shout out with confidence the names of elite (精英) colleges they assume the celebrities attended. The “oohs” and “aahs” follow when they learn that Steven Spielberg, Steve Jobs and Bill Gates dropped out of college, that Oprah Winfrey is a graduate of Tennessee State and that Ken Burns graduated from Hampshire College. If even a few stressed students and their anxious parents benefit from this information, it is a worthwhile exercise.
Even better is giving the students a task to identify the happy, successful people in their own circle of family, friends, co-workers and neighbors and challenging them to go and ask “if or where they went to college” as a means of broadening the conversation in their search for a life after high school.
The key to success in college and beyond has more to do with what students do with their time
during college than where they choose to attend. A long-term study of 6,335 college graduates published by the National Bureau of Economic Research found that graduating from a college where entering students have higher SAT scores -- one marker of elite colleges --- didn’t pay off in higher post-graduation income. Researchers found that students who applied to several elite schools but didn’t attend them --- either because of rejection or by their own choice --- are more likely to earn high incomes later than students who actually attended elite schools.
In a summary of the findings, the bureau says that “evidently, students’ motivation, ambition and desire to learn have a much stronger effect on their future success than average academic ability of their classmates.”
The late author Loren Pope, who wroteLooking Beyond the Ivy League andColleges That Change Lives, noted that the greater the opportunity for engagement and critical, creative and cooperative learning with staff, peers and community, the more likely the chance for future success.
59. The purpose of the guidance counseling programs is to help students _________.
A. apply for suitable colleges
B. learn about college life
C. choose the most famous colleges
D. know about famous graduates
60. Ken Burns’ example shows that the successful people _________.
A. don’t need support from their friends
B. have their own circle of family
C. don’t necessarily graduate from a famous c ollege
D. graduate from a famous college
61. What contributes most to students’ success in college and after graduation is _________.
A. whether they enter the elite college or not
B. whether they have spared no effort in college or not
C. whether they possess a higher SAT scores or not
D. whether they have famous schoolmates or not
62. According to Loren Pope, future success depends more on _________.
A. staff, peers and community
B. motivation, ambition and desire to succeed
C. average academic ability of the classmates
D. creation, cooperation and opportunity
【参考答案】37.ACBD
社会生活类阅读理解。
Big Brothers Big Sisters is based on the simplicity and power of friendship. It is a program which provides friendship and fun by matchingvulnerable young people(ages 7- 17) with a volunteer adult who can be both a role model and a supportive friend.
Volunteer tutors come from all walks of life—married, single, with or without children. Big Brothers and Big Sisters are not replacement parents or social workers. They are tutors: someone to trust, to have fun with, to talk and go to when needed.
A Big Sister and Little Sister will generally spend between one and four hours together three or four times each month for at least twelve months. They enjoy simple activities such as a picnic at a park, cooking, playing sport or going to a football match. These activities improve the friendship and help the young person develop positive self- respect, confidence and life direction.
Big Brothers Big Sisters organizations exist throughout the world. It is the largest and most well- known provider of tutor services internationally and has been operating for 25 years.
Emily and Sarah have been matched since March 2008. Emily is a 10- year- old girl who has experien ced some difficulties being accepted by her schoolmates at school. ‘I was pretty sure there was something wrong with me. ’
Emily’s mum came across Big Brothers Big Sisters and thought it would be of benefit to Emily
by‘providing different feedback(反馈) about herself other than just relying on schoolmates to measure her self- worth. ’
Sarah wanted to get involved in a volunteer program. ‘I googled it and found out how to be a part of it. I thought it would be fun for me to get involved in making time to do something because sometimes it’s all work and no play. ’
Big Brothers Big Sisters has been of great benefit and enjoyment to both Emily and Sarah. They love and look forward to their time together and the partnership has certainly helped Emily be more comfortable in being the wonderful, happy and unique girl she is!
1. What is the aim of Big Brothers Big Sisters?
A. To offer students public services.
B. To help students improve their grades.
C. To organize sport activities for young people.
D. To provide partnership and fun for young people.
2. A volunteer is usually expected to work within a year for at least.
A. 24 hours
B. 36 hours
C. 48 hours
D. 72 hours
3. According to Emily’s mother, this program may provide Emily with.
A. advice from her teachers
B. a new way to assess herself
C. a new way to judge her schoolmates
D. more comments from her schoolmates
4. Why did Sarah want to get involved in the program?
A. She used to be a volunteer.
B. She needed a part- time job.
C. She felt a bit bored with her life.
D. She wanted to get a challenging job.
5. According to the passage, ‘vulnerable young people’ are probably those who are.
A. popular at school
B. rather weak physically
C. easily hurt emotionally
D. confident in themselves
【参考答案】38.DBBCC
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Today, bicycles are elegantly simple machines that are common around the world. Many people ride bicycles for recreation, whereas others use them as a means of transportation. The first bicycle was invented in Germany in 1818. Because it was made of wood, it wasn’t very strong nor did it have pedals (脚踏板）.Riders moved it by pushing their feet against the ground.
In 1839, Kirkpatrick Macmillan, a Scottish blacksmith, invented a much better bicycle. Macmillan’s machine had iron-covered wheels to keep them from getting worn down. He also used foot-operated levers, similar to pedals, so his bicycle could be ridden at a quick pace. It didn’t look much like the modem bicycle, though, because its back wheel was substantially larger than its front wheel. Although Macmillan’s bicycles could be ridden easily, they were never produced in large numbers.
In 1861, Frenchman Pierre Michaux and his brother Ernest invented a bicycle with an improved pedal mechanism. They called their bicycle a VELOCIPEDE，but most people called it a “bone shaker” because of the effect of the wood and iron frame. Despite the impolite nickname, the VELOCIPEDE was a hit. After a few years, the Michaux family was making hundreds of the machines annually, mostly for fun-seeking young people.
Ten years later, James Starley , an English inventor, made several innovations that revolutionized bicycle design. He made the front wheel many times larger than the back wheel, put a gear on the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient，and lightened the wheels by using wire spokes. Although this bicycle was much lighter and less tiring to ride, it was still clumsy, extremely top-heavy，and ridden mostly for entertainment.
It wasn’t until 1874 that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on the scene. Invented by another Englishman, H. J. Lawson, the safety bicycle would look familiar to today’s cyclists. The safety bicycle had equal-sized
wheels, which made it easier to ride. Lawson also attached a chain to the pedals to drive the back wheel. By 1893，the safety bicycle had been further improved with air-filled rubber tires, a diamond-shaped frame, and easy braking. With the improvements provided by Lawson; bicycles became extremely popular and useful for transportation. Today, they are built, used, and enjoyed all over the world.
31.This passage was most likely written in order to _____.
A. compare bicycles used for different purposes
B. describe the problems early bicycle makers experienced
C. persuade readers to use bicycles for transportation
D. tell readers about the early history of the bicycle
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。通观全文，第一辆自行车是于1818年在德国被发明的---1839年Kirkpatrick Macmillan发明了一辆更好的自行车--- 1861年法国人Pierre Michaux 和他的兄弟Ernest 发明了一辆改进了脚踏板机械装置的自行车---两年后James Starley做出了一些革新，彻底改变了自行车的设计---1874年真正的现代自行车出现了---1893年安全脚踏车被进一步改进---今天，自行车在全世界被制造，运用和喜爱。这讲的是自行车的发展史。
32.Macmillan covered the wheels of his bicycle with iron to _____
A. add weight to the bicycle
B．make the bicycle easier to ride
C. allow the wheels to last longer
D. let the bicycle be more comfortable
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。第二段“Macmillan’s machine had iron-covered wheels to keep them from getting worn down.” Macmillan的自行车有被铁覆盖的轮子来使它免于被磨坏。所以覆盖铁是为了使车轮用的更长久。
33. Which of the following bicycle types was invented by James Starley?
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。第四段“He made the front wheel many times larger than the back wheel,…….” James Starley制造的前车轮比后车轮大好几倍。和图片B相符。
34 Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Two hundred years ago，bicycles did not exist.
B. The first bicycle could be ridden at a very quick pace.
C. The Michaux brothers called their bicycle a “bone shaker”.
D. Macmillan’s machine had wheels with rubber tires.
【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。“The first bicycle was invented in Germany in
1818。”第一辆自行车是在1818年被发明的，而200年前是1813年，
所以那时自行车还不存在。故选A。
35.The information about bicycles in this passage is arranged according to _____.
A. importance
B. time
C. place
D. interest
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。A。重要性； B.时间； C.地点； D.兴趣。本文讲的是自行车的发展史，是逐段按时间排列出这些信息的。