考博英语真题某某大学2012年试题
SectionⅠlistening comprehension (20 marks,1 mark each )
Part A
Directions: You will hear a passage about Food resources under pressure. Listen and complete the sentence in questions 1-5 with the information you’ve heard. Write not more than 3 words in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table
Part B
Directions: You will hear a passage about Microsoft’s Vision of Future. Answer the questions 6-10 while you listen. Use not more than 5 words for each answer. You will hear the recording
Part C
Directions: Questions 11-13 are based on the following passage about Plant Fever. You now have 15 seconds to read choices for question11-13.
11. A. They are sprayed with pesticides C. They are in poor physical condition
B. They are facing an infrared scanner D. They are exposed to excessive sun runs
12. A. to estimate the damage to the crops C. to measure the size of the affected area
B. to draw a color-coded map D. to locate the problem area
13. A. By resorting to sport-sprarying C. By transforming poisoned rain
B. By consulting infrared scanned experts D. By detecting crop problems are an early date
Directions: Questions 14-16 are based on the following passage about Modern Building and Health. You now have 15 seconds to read choices for question14-16.
14. A. air conditioning B. stress
C. allergic materials
D. poor air exchange
15. A. It’s good for energy conservation and people’s health
B. It causes condensation at night and produces bacteria
C. It wastes electrical energy
D. It can stop the growth of bacteria and fungi
16. A. air conditioner is harmful to health
B. air conditioning is not the only factor for people’s headaches
C. workers in air-conditioned offices are painful
D. switching off air conditioning can help purify the air in the office
Directions: Questions 17-20 are based on the following passage about Sporting . You now have 15 seconds to read choices for question17-20.
17. A. Sporting activities are forms of biological development
B. Sporting activities have actually developed from hunting
C. Sporting activities are essentially forms of taming the prey
D. Sporting activities have changed the ways of hunting
18. A. any member of the opposing team B. the goal keeper
C. the goal-mouth
D. the football
19. A. successful farmers B. cooperating hunters
C. runners and jumpers
D. skilful sportsmen
20. A. It is farming that gives human beings enough leisure time for sporting activities.
B. Farming is very important in human civilization because it saves human beings from risks.
C. It is hunting that provides human beings with much simpler ways of obtaining meaty meals.
D. Sporting activities satisfy the desire of modern man to exercise hunting skills which his forefathers developed for survival.
SectionⅡVocabulary (15 marks,1 mark each )
Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer SheetⅠwith a single line through the centre.
21. “He was unable to endure the torture of the enemy and surrendered. He＿his comrades.
A. revealed
B. exposed
C. suspended
D. betrayed
22. On the side of the hill, there is a＿which was once the entrance to a gold mine.
A. deep hole in ground
B. deep hole in the ground
C. hole deep in ground
D. deep in the ground hole
23. She’s got so＿to light music that it has become a constant companion of her life.
A. use to listen
B. used in listen
C. used to listen
D. used to listening
24. Classroom testing, if well done, most certainly＿a stimulus to study and real learning.
A. acts for
B. acts as
C. acts on
D. acts to
25. I feel quite confident in＿Mr.Jackson to you for the vacant post of research assistant.
A. submitting
B. recalling
C. proclaiming
D. recommending
26. A poor man has to＿many things which a rich man regards as almost necessaries in life.
A. go through
B. go over
C. go without
D. go about
27. One of the attractive features of the course was the way the practical work had been＿with the theoretical aspects of the subject.
A. embraced
B. adjusted
C. alternated
D. integrated
28. Topics of conversation should be＿to the experiences and interests of the students.
A. rigid
B. relevant
C. rigorous
D. remarkable
29.They did considerable work to＿the masses of the United States with the elementary problems of Latin America.
A. instruct
B. impart
C. acquaint
D. dictate
30. Only the Chinese have successfully＿pandas and raised their babies in captivity.
A. bred
B. exerted
C. expanded
D. availed
31. The purpose of the official inquiry is to＿the true facts leading to the loss of the ship at sea.
A. come at
B. come into
C. come for
D. come over
32.The chairman made a(an)＿statement before beginning the main business of the meeting.
A. intensive
B. preliminary
C. intermediate
D. operational
33. Only in recent years＿begun to realize that wild dogs, kept within bounds, often do more good than harm.
A. people have
B. have people
C. since people have
D. people who have
34. At the last committee meeting, the notion that the club＿open until midnight was defeated.
A. remains
B. remained
C. remain
D. would remains
35. I don’t think Johnson will succeed in his new job, for he is not＿to do that type of work.
A. compatible
B. consistent
C. convenient
D. competent
Sectio nⅢCloze Test (20 marks, 1 mark each)
Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer SheetⅠwith a single line through the centre.
Sectio nⅣReading Comprehension (20 marks, 1 mark each)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Shee tⅠwith a single line through the centre.
Passage1
Television—that most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies ,marked by rapid change and growth—is moving into a new era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world. It is an electronic revolution of sorts, made possible by the marriage of television and computer technologies.
The word "television," derived from its Greek (tele: distant) and Latin (vision: sight) roots, can literally be interpreted as sight from a distance. Very simply put, it works in this way. through a sophisticated system of electronics, television provides the capability of converting an image (focused on a special photoconductive plate within a camera) into electronic impulses, which can be sent through a wire or cable. These impulses, when fed into a receiver (television set), can then be electronically reconstituted into that same image.
Television is more than just an electronics system, however. It is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.
The field of television can be divided into two categories determined by its means of transmission. First, there is broadcast television, which reaches the masses through airwave transmission of television signals. Second, there is non-broadcast television, which provides for the need of individuals or specific interest groups through controlled transmission techniques.
Traditionally, television has been a medium of the masses. We are most familiar with broadcast television because it has been with us for about forty seven years in a form. similar to what exists today. During those years, it has been controlled, for the most part, by the broadcast network, ABC, NBC, and CBS, who have been the major surveyors of news, information, and entertainment. These giants of broadcasting have actually shaped not only television but our perception of it as well. We have come to look upon it as a source of entertainment, placing our role in this dynamic medium as the passive viewer.
56. With which topic is the passage primarily concerned?
A. recent changes in modern technology.
B. the marriage of broadcasting giants.
C. the role of television in today’s society.
D. the content of broadcast television program.
57. The word “put”(2nd sentence of 2nd Para.) could best be replaced by which of the following ?
A. expressed
B. asked
C. placed
D. inserted
58. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a function of electronics in television transmission?
A. the conversion of image into electronic impulse .
B. the sending of impulses through a wire cable.
C. the changing of one image into another image.
D. the feeding of impulses into a receiver.
59. What field of television is intended for specific groups?
A. broad-based
B. reconstituted
C. traditional
D. non-broadcast
60. Which of the following statements about the relationship between television and its viewers can best be inferred from the passage?
A. Viewers do not take an active role in watching television.
B. Viewers would prefer increased news coverage.
C. Viewers like to use television to reach other human beings.
D. Viewers are grown tired of television.
Passage2
Got milk? Be very afraid. Or, preferably, a bit skeptical. some folks are about try to convince you that milk is toxic. But the real question is, what’s more dangerious to your health: milk, or celebrities and activists embarked on the latest trendy crusade(改革)? This month marks the publicity-pumped debut of the Anti Dairy Coalition, a band of physicians, self-described “Holly-wood”.
If milk isn’t the prefect food, it’s still got some big things going for it. It’s an inexpensive source of calcium, protein, potassium and other vitamins and minerals, and unlike other sources of calcium, such as, say, steamed kale, milk is a food kids will eat. The ADC feels that milk is the root of most human maladies(疾病), but I can point to other single-issue obessive who insist the villain is meat or wheat or sugar or some other substance that our species has long and happily consumed. I often learn something by examining their claims. But I keep coming back to the mainstream nutritionisits, who emphasize a balanced diet and advised moderation in all things.
61. The ADC holds that giving up milk will cause the following diseases EXCEPT＿＿＿＿＿
A. breast cancer
B. diabetes
C. heart disease
D. lung disease
62. The writer thinks that milk＿＿＿＿＿
A. is toxic and we should give it up.
B. is very nutritious and we should consume it as much as possible.
C. is the most ideal food .
D. has its pluses and minuses and we should consume it sensibly.
63.It is clear from the passage that＿＿＿＿＿
A. the writer is of the same opinion about milk with the ADC.
B. the writer regards milk as the root of most human diseases.
C.the writer advises people to stay out of trouble with milk.
D. the writer’s opinion about milk differs greatly from the ADC’s.
64. According to the passage, if you suffer from laclose intolerance＿＿＿＿＿
A. you had better giver up milk entirely.
B. you should have less milk every day .
C. you can take lactase which catalyzes(催化) lactose into glucose(葡萄糖) and（半乳糖）.
D. you must see a doctor.
65. we can conclude from the passage that the writer is＿＿＿＿＿
A. an unprejudiced person
B. an opinionated person
C. a worldly person
D. a wise but peculiar person
Passage3
Mathematical ability and musical ability may not seem on the surface to be connected, but people who have researched the subject—and studied the brain—say that they are. Research for my book “Late Talking Children”drove home point to me. Three quarters of the bright but speech—delayed children in the group I studied had a close relative who was an engineer, mathematician or scientist—and four fifth had a close relative who played a musical instrument. The children themselves usually took readily to math and other analytical subjects—and to music.
Black,white and Asian children in this group show the same patterns. However, look at the larger world us, it is clear that blacks have been greatly overrepresented in the development of American popular music and greatly under represented in such fields as mathematics, science and engeering.
If the abilities required in analytical fields and in music are so closely related, how can there be this greaat disparity? One reason is that the development of mathematical and other such abilities reauires years of formal schooling, while certain musical talents can be developed with little or no formal training, as has happened with a number of well—known black musicians.
It is precisely in these kinds of music where one can acquire great skill without formal training that blacks have excelled—popular music rather than classical music, piano rather than violion, blues rather than opera. This is readily understandable, given that most blacks, for most of American history, have not had either the money or the leisure for long years of formal study music.
Scieentist under other circum-stances. What is clearer is that most blacks have not had such alternatives available until very recently, as history is measured. Morever, now that cultural traditions have been established, even those blacks who have such alternatives available today, and who have the inborn abilites to pursue them, many nevertheless continue for some time to follow well-worn paths.
66. The author’ research for his book “Later-Talk Children” showed him that＿＿＿＿＿
A. mathematical ability and musical ability are closely related.
B.bright but speech-delayed children favor analytical subjects.
C.on the surface, mathematical ability and musical ability are not connected.
D. children of different races differ silghtly in their mathematical and musical abilites.
67.It can be concluded from the passage that＿＿＿＿＿
A. the development of all music talents need little or no formal training.
B.abilites,such as mathematical ability, sometimes can not be developed with formal education.
C.blacks are underrepresented in mathematics because they have no chances to recive formal
education.
D. blacks usually prefer music to mathematics, science and engineering.
68.It is known from the passage that Duke Ellington＿＿＿＿＿
A. only loves popular music.
B. has made a great contribution to the development of jazz.
C. is an obscure musician.
D. never excel in jazz music.
69. The author holds that＿＿＿＿＿
A. blacks demonstrate batter inborn musical abilities than others.
B. blacks are distinguished in all kinds of music.
C. blacks now continue to do music because of their cultuaral trditions.
D. blacks still have no chances to become mathematicians or scientists today.
70.In this passage, the author tries to say that＿＿＿＿＿
A. musical ability has no connection with mathematical ability.
B. one’s ability mainly depends on formal education.
C. blacks are so prejudiced that they seldom accept new things.
D. blacks are more successful in music than in science because of various reasons.
Passage4
The deterioration of the environment both physically and aesthetically, is most apparent in our cities. The dehumanizing effects of life in the slums and ghettoes-particularly, where there is little hope for improving conditions have often been cited as contributing causes of urban rioting and disturbances. Crime rates usually reach their zenith in these neighborhoods. Such symptoms of general psychological maladjustment suggest that modem cities provide a less than ideal environment for human beings.
There seems to be abundant evidence that traditional cultural patterns break down in cities, and also that the high numbers of contacts with individuals, not part of one’s circle of regular social acquaintances may lead to mental disturbance(defined here merely as behavior generally considered “disturbed”by the majority of the society). It is important to note that antisocial behavior and “mental illness”are found in all cultures, and that indeed the same disorders recognized by western psychiatrists are found even in primitive peoples. Therefore, we can be reasonably certain that lack of an evolutionarily “natural”environment is not the sole cause of such behavior. Nevertheless, that lack may well serve to aggravate the problems of people living in our most crowed, smoggy, and inpersonal metropolies.
Standford psychologist P.G. Zimbardo has concluded that urban pressures transforming Americans into potential assassins. He based his conclusions on experimental syudies of the connection between anonymity and aggression, and on field studies of vandalism. He noted an estimated 230 violent urban out-breaks in the period 1964-1969, and reported that 1967 vandals in New York City alone wreaked 360,000 pay telepones, broke 202,719 school windows, and did damage parks and transit systems costing some＄850,000. cars were abondoned on streets of a large city (New York) and a small one (Palo Alto, California), and secretly watched to see if there was a difference in vandalism between the two localities. The New York car was virtually demolished within three days by 23 separate attacks by looters and vandals, nearly all in view of passersby and during the daytime. The Palo Alto car was not molsted for more than a week. How much (if any) of such behavior might be reduced if density were lowered is unkonw, but at least
the anecdotal evidence seems to indicate that high density is factor in such problems. Crime rates are some five times as high in urban as in rual areas. Though some of this difference may be due to disparities in reporting, not all of it can be explained on this basis. Rates for violent crimes have been shown to be positively correlated with actual population densties in American cities. This general correlation held for statistics taken in three different years,1940s, 1950s, and 1960s, in the same cities. The rises in assault and robbery with higher density were particulary striking, although murder and rape both also reflected the trend. Robbery is the only one of the four that does not most commonly occur between acquaintances. Interestingly, crime rates in the suburbs have been rising in the past few years, especially among teenagers from relatively affluent areas, although their crimes are more often acts against property than crimes of violence.
71.Accroding to the passage, most often crimes are commited in＿＿＿＿＿
A. the suburbs
B. commerical areas of big cities
C.the slums and ghettoes
D.the parks and transit systems
72. Which of the following stratements is TRUE about antisocial behavior and “mental illness”?
A. They are unique in morden cites.
B. They are grave in metropolises.
C. They are never found in primitive peoples.
D. They result entirely from the lack of a “natural” environment.
73. According to P.G. Zimbardo’s research＿＿＿＿＿
A. there exists a higher rate of vandalism in a more densely-populated city.
B.when population densities decrease,crime rates go up.
C. there is no correlation between the population density and crime rates.
D. suburban teenagers are more apt to commit violent crimes than small thefts.
74. The writer holds that＿＿＿＿＿
A. deterioration of the environment in a mordern city will make it unfit for people to live in.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/e518676874.html,ck of an “natural” environment results in antisocial behavior and “mental illness”.
C. deterioriation of environment in a metropolis plays a cetain role in causing high crime rates.
D. vandalism and other violent outbreaks will never disappear in most crowded metropolises.
75. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a form of breakdown in arban areas?
A. Vandalism .
B.Suicide.
C. Rioting.
D. Rape.
SectionⅤTranslation (25marks)
Directions: Translate the following into English. Write your English version on Answer Sheet Ⅱ.
世界人口突破70亿，地球资源日益减少，人们忧心忡忡。中国宣称从1979年计划生育政策实施以来，中国已有效控制了出生率。
如果没有计划生育，中国这个人口最多的国家就会多出几千万的人口。事实上，没有一个国家像中国这样大力度的、大规模的执行这项政策。据第六次人口普查报告，中国现在有13.7亿人口。不过，西方社会学家和经济学家一直警告说，再过三十年，中国将成为世界上唯一的在没有进入发达社会之前就面临老龄社会的发展中国家。
和欧洲相比，中国面临老龄化的进程更快。五年后，中国60岁以上的人口将从现在1.78亿增长到2.21亿。到2050年，中国四分之一的人口将超过65岁。60岁以上的人口有半数是独居老人，这一点是以前不曾想像的，要知道，以前中国人可是四代同堂。现在一个孩子要负担父母两人和祖辈四人，这个倒金字塔对每个人来说都是挑战。越来越多的人移居到城市
工作，大城市面临更大的压力，而中小城市缺乏足够的企业提供足够的就业机会。
1962年到1972年这十年间出生的中国人退休后，这种压力会更大。这十年间平均每年有3千万婴儿出生，现在每年却只有6百万到7百万婴儿出生。国家人口和计划生育委员会没有放开长期的计划生育政策，因为人口过多仍然是中国社会和经济发展面临的主要挑战之一。
2012年考研英语完形填空 The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. Thecourt cannot _1_ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law _2_ justices behave like politicians.Yet,inseveralinstances,justicesactedinwaysthat_3_thecourt’sreputationfor beingindependent and impartial. Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activitymakes itless likely that the court’s de cisions will be _4_ as impartial judgments. Part ofthe problem is thatthe justices are not _5_by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself _6_to thecode of conduct that _7_to the rest of the federal judiciary. This and other similar cases _8_the question of whether there is still a _9_between the court andpolitics. TheframersoftheConstitutionenvisionedlaw_10_havingauthorityapartfrompoliti cs.Theygavejusticespermanentpositions_11_theywouldbefreeto_12_thoseinpower andhavenoneedto_13_politicalsupport.Ourlegalsystemwasdesignedtosetlawapartfro mpoliticsprecisely because they are so closely _14_. Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social _15_likelibertyandproperty.Whenthecourtdealswithsocialpolicydecisions,thelawit_16 _isinescapablypolitical-whichiswhydecisionssplitalongideologicallinesaresoeasily_17_asunjust. Thejusticesmust_18_doubtsaboutthecourt’slegitimacybymakingthemselves_19_ tothecode of conduct. That would make rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and,_20_, convincing as law. 1. [A]emphasize [B]maintain [C]modify [D] recognize 2. [A]when [B]lest [C]before [D] unless 3. [A]restored [B]weakened[C]established [D] eliminated
全国至自学考试英语二历年真题及答案全集 Last revision on 21 December 2020
2014年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试题答案及评分参考 第一部分：阅读选择（第1-10题，每题1分，共10分） 第二部分：阅读判断（第11-15题，每题2分，共10分） 第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第16-25题，每题1分，共10分） 第四部分：填句补文（第26-30题，每题1分，共10分） 第五部分：填词补文（第31-40题，每题1分，共10分） 第六部分：完型补文（第41-50题，每题分，共15分） 绝密★启用前 2014年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试题答案及评分参考 （课程代码00015） 第一部分：阅读判断（第1~10题，每题1分，共10分） 1、B 2、B 3、A 4、C 5、B 6、C 7、A 8、A 9、B 10、A 第二部分：阅读选择（第11~15题，每题2分，共10分）
11、D 12、A 13、C 14、B 15、A 第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第16~25题，每题1分，共10分） 16、C 17、D 18、A 19、B 20、F 21、D 22、F 23、E 24、A 25、C 第四部分：填句补文（第26~30题，每题2分，共10分） 26、C 27、E 28、A 29、F 30、B 第五部分：填句补文（第31~40题，每题分，共15分） 31、G 32、I 33、B 34、H 35、A 36、K 37、C 38、E 39、L 40、J 第六部分：完形补文（第41~50题，每题分，共15分） 41、born 42、resulted 43、growth 44、manufacturing 45、moved 46、addition 47、fewer 48、machines 49、unnecessary 50、unemployment 【评分参考】本部分无分和1分的计分。语法错误或拼写错误均不给分；英、美拼写均可接受；大小写错误不扣分。 第七部分：短文写作（第51题，30分） 51.范文（略）
Section 1 Use of Eninglish Directions : Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of American military adventurism, but that’s not how it used to be .To the men and women who 1 )in World War II and the people they liberated ,the GI.was the 2) man grown into hero ,the pool farm kid torn away from his home ,the guy who 3) all the burdens of battle ,who slept in cold foxholes,who went without the 4) of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid ,5) an average guy ,up 6 )the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries. His name is not much.GI. is just a military abbreviation 7) Government Issue ,and it was on all of the article 8) to soldiers .And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 9) it to the top .Joe Blow ,Joe Magrac …a working class name.The United States has 10) had a president or vicepresident or secretary of state Joe. GI .joe had a (11)career fighting German ,Japanese , and Korean troops . He appers as a character ,or a (12 ) of american personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of GI. Joe, based
2012考研英语二真题及答案 Section I USE of English Directions : Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET1.(10 points) Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of American military adventurism, but that’s not how it used to be .To the men and women who 1 in World War II and the people they liberated ,the GI.was the 2 man grown into hero ,the pool farm kid torn away from his home ,the guy who 3 all the burdens of battle ,who slept in cold foxholes，who went without the 4 of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid , 5 an average guy ,up 6 the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries. His name is not much.GI. is just a military abbreviation 7 Government Issue ,and it was on all of the article 8 to soldiers .And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 9 it to the top .Joe Blow ,Joe Magrac …a working class name.The United States has 10 had a president or vicepresident or secretary of state Joe. GI .joe had a 11 career fighting German ,Japanese , and Korean troops . He appers as a character ,or a 12 of american personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of GI. Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle. Some of the soldiers Pyle 13 portrayde themselves in the film. Pyle was famous for covering the 14 side of the warl, writing about the dirt-snow –and-mud soldiers, not how many miles were 15 or what towns were captured or liberated, His reports 16 the “willie” cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Both men 17 the dirt and exhaustion of war, the 18 of civilization that the soldiers shared with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey, shelter, sleep. 19 Egypt, France, and a dozen more countries, G.I. Joe was any American soldier, 20 the most important person in their lives. 1. [A] performed [B]served [C]rebelled [D]betrayed 2. [A] actual [B]common [C]special [D]normal 3. [A]bore [B]cased [C]removed [D]loaded 4. [A]necessities [B]facilitice [C]commodities [D]propertoes 5. [A]and [B]nor [C]but [D]hence 6. [A]for [B]into [C] form [D]against 7. [A]meaning [B]implying [C]symbolizing [D]claiming 8. [A]handed out [B]turn over [C]brought back [D]passed down 9. [A]pushed [B]got [C]made [D]managed 10. [A]ever [B]never [C]either [D]neither 11. [A]disguised [B]disturbed [C]disputed [D]distinguished 12. [A]company [B]collection [C]community [D]colony 13. [A]employed [B]appointed [C]interviewed [D]questioned
2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试 英语（一）试题 时间:2012年1月7日 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. The court cannot _1_ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law _2_ justices behave like politicians. Y et, in several instances, justices acted in ways that _3_ the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial. Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be _4_ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not _5_by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself _6_to the code of conduct that _7_to the rest of the federal judiciary. This and other similar cases _8_the question of whether there is still a _9_between the court and politics. The framers of the Constitution envisioned law _10_having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions _11_they would be free to _12_ those in power and have no need to _13_ political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely _14_. Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social _15_ like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it _16_ is inescapably political-which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily _17_ as unjust. The justices must _18_ doubts about the court’s legitimacy by making themselves _19_ to the code of conduct. That would make rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, _20_, convincing as law. 1. [A]emphasize [B]maintain [C]modify [D] recognize 2. [A]when [B]lest [C]before [D] unless 3. [A]restored [B]weakened [C]established [D] eliminated 4. [A]challenged [B]compromised [C]suspected [D] accepted 5. [A]advanced [B]caught [C]bound [D]founded 6. [A]resistant [B]subject [C]immune [D]prone 7. [A]resorts [B]sticks [C]loads [D]applies 8. [A]evade [B]raise [C]deny [D]settle 9. [A]line [B]barrier [C]similarity [D]conflict 10. [A]by [B]as [C]though [D]towards 11. [A]so [B]since [C]provided [D]though 12. [A]serve [B]satisfy [C]upset [D]replace 13. [A]confirm [B]express [C]cultivate [D]offer 14. [A]guarded [B]followed [C]studied [D]tied
2019年10月髙等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语(二）试卷（课程代码：00015） 本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。 考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。 必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。 第一部分：阅读判断（第1?10题，每题1分，共10分） 下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 To Lease(租赁) or Not to Lease Planning to lease a car because you don't think you can afford to buy? Think again. Leasing can end up being just as expensive as buying. Most people think about leasing because they believe it will cost them less money. They're right-it is cheaper, but only in the short term. For example, if you were to lease anew Subaru Forester, you might pay $300 per month for the car. If you were to buy the same car, you would pay about $400 per month. Over a three-year, you would save $3600-a big savings. But after your lease is over, you have to give the car back. Many people want to lease because they can drive a more expensive car than they might otherwise be able to afford. For example, if you spend $300 monthly on a car, you might be able to lease a new Ford Explorer. For the same price, you might have to buy a used Explorer, or buy a new but much less expensive model. A lease，therefore，allows you to drive the latest models of more expensive cars. However, whatever car you can afford to buy you get to keep it, and it will always have a resell or trade-in(以新旧换)value if you want to upgrade to a new car later. Furthermore, people who lease cars are often shocked by how much they must pay when the lease is over . Most leases limit you to a certain number of miles. If you go over that, you must pay for each mile. As a result, you may end up paying thousands of dollars in mileage(里程) fees. In addition, when you lease ,you have to pay for regular maintenance and repairs to the vehicle. Since you must return the car finally, you are paying to repair someone else's car.
2012年MPAcc考研英语(二)真题Section 1 Use of Eninglish Directions : Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of American military adventurism, but that‘s not how it used to be .To the men and women who 1 )in World W ar II and the people they liberated ,the GI.was the 2) man grown into hero ,the pool farm kid torn away from his home ,the guy who 3) all the burdens of battle ,who slept in cold foxholes,who went without the 4) of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid ,5) an average guy ,up 6 )the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries. His name is not much.GI. is just a military abbreviation 7) Government Issue ,and it was on all of the article 8) to soldiers .And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 9) it to the top .Joe Blow ,Joe Magrac …a working class name.The United States has 10) had a president or vicepresident or secretary of state Joe. GI .joe had a (11)career fighting German ,Japanese , and Korean troops . He appers as a character ,or a (12 ) of american personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of GI. Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle. Some of the soldiers Pyle(13)portrayde themselves in the film. Pyle was famous for covering the (14)side of the warl, writing about the dirt-snow –and-mud soldiers, not how many miles were(15)or what towns were captured or liberated, His reports(16)the ―willie‖ cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Both men(17)the dirt and exhaustion of war, the (18)of civilization that the soldiers shared with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey, shelter, sleep. (19)Egypt, France, and a dozen more countries, G.I. Joe was any American soldier,(20)the most important person in their lives. 1.[A] performed [B]served [C]rebelled [D]betrayed 2.[A] actual [B]common [C]special [D]normal 3.[A]bore [B]cased [C]removed [D]loaded 4.[A]necessities [B]facilitice [C]commodities [D]propertoes 5.[A]and [B]nor [C]but [D]hence 6.[A]for [B]into [C] form [D]against 7.[A]meaning [B]implying [C]symbolizing [D]claiming 8.[A]handed out [B]turn over [C]brought back [D]passed down 9.[A]pushed [B]got [C]made [D]managed 10.[A]ever [B]never [C]either [D]neither 11.[A]disguised [B]disturbed [C]disputed [D]distinguished 12.[A]company [B]collection [C]community [D]colony 13.[A]employed [B]appointed [C]interviewed [D]questioned 14.[A]ethical [B]military [C]political [D]human 15.[A]ruined [B]commuted [C]patrolled [D]gained 16.[A]paralleled [B]counteracted [C]duplicated [D]contradicted 17.[A]neglected [B]avoided [C]emphasized [D]admired 18.[A]stages [B]illusions [C]fragments [D]advancea 19.[A]With [B]To [C]Among [D]Beyond 20.[A]on the contrary [B] by this means [C]from the outset [D]at that point Section II Resdiong Comprehension Part A
绝密☆启用前 2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试 英语（一）试题及答案解析 （科目代码：201） 考生注意事项 1. 答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生姓名和考生编号；在答题卡指定位置上填写报考单位，考生姓名和考生编码，并涂写考生编号信息点。 2. 考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡的“试卷条形码粘贴位置”框中。不按规定粘贴条形码而影响试卷结果的，责任由考生自负。 3. 选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须书写在答题纸指定位置的边框区域内。超出答题区域写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。 4. 填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔或者钢笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂写部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂。 5. 考试结束，将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。 （以下信息考生必须认真填写）
2020年考研英语一真题答案及解析 Section I Use of English Directions： Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Even if families are less likely to sit down to eat together than was once the case, millions of Britons will none the less have partaken this weekend of one of the nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. __1__ a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can __2__it. Yet as we report now, the food police are determined that this __3__ should be rendered yet another guilty pleasure __4__ to damage our health. The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has __5__ a public warning about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked __6__ high temperatures.This means that people should __7__ crisping their roast potatoes, spurn thin-crust pizzas and only __8__ toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such alarmist advice? __9__ studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no __10__ evidence that it causes cancer in humans. Scientists say the compound is "__11__ to be carcinogenic" but have no hard scientific proof. __12__ the precautionary principle, it could be argued that it is __13__ to follow the FSA advice. __14__, it was rumored that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a __15__. Doubtless a piece of boiled beef can always be __16__ up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables,without the Yorkshire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? __17__, the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods __18__, but to reduce their lifetime intake. However, their __19__ risks coming across as exhortation and nannying. Constant health scares just __20__ with no one listening. 1. A In B Towards C On D Till 2. A match B express C satisfy D influence 3. A patience B enjoyment C surprise D concern 4. A intensified B privileged C compelled D guaranteed 5. A issued B received C ignored D canceled 6. A under B at C for D by 7. A forget B regret C finish D avoid 8. A partially B regularly C easily D initially 9. A Unless B Since C If D While 10. A secondary B external C inconclusive D negative 11. A insufficient B bound C likely D slow 12. A On the basis of B At the cost of C In addition to D In contrast to 13. A interesting B advisable C urgent D fortunate 14. A As usual B In particular C By definition D After all 15. A resemblance B combination C connection D pattern 16. A made B served C saved D used 17. A To be fair B For instance C To be brief D in general 18. A reluctantly B entirely C gradually D carefully 19. A promise B experience C campaign D competition
2005年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试卷及答案 （课程代码：00015） PART ONE （50 POINTS） Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 1.Would’t you rather your child ______ successful with his study and won the scholarship? A. became B. become C. would become D. becomes 2. Although Tom is satisfied with his academic achievement, he wonders _______will happen to his family life. A. it B. that C. what D. this 3. We hope that all the measures against sandstorms, ________ was put forward by the committee, will be considered seriously at the meeting . A. while B. after C. since D. as 4. We cannot leave this tough job to a person_________. A. who nobody has confidence B. in whom nobody has confidence C. for whom nobody has confidence D. who everyone has confidence of 5. You are the best for the job _____ you apply your mind to it . A. until B. if only C. in case D. unless 6.Hey, leave _____!I hate people touching my hair. A. behind B. out C. off D. over 7.I thought the problem of water shortage would ________ at the meeting but nobody mentioned it. A. come up B. come up to C. come over D. come to 8.Mr.Smith , can I ________ you for a minute? I’d like to hear your opinion on this issue. A. say a word with B. have words with C. mention a word with D. have a word with 9.There is a deadlock (僵局) in the discussion when neither side gives ________ to the over . A. a way B. way C. the way D. its way 10. This type of desk and chair can be adjusted ________ the height of students at different ages. A. with B. for C. to D. in Ⅱ.Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item) 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 For over a hundred years Japan has consistently spent large sums of money and considerable human resources in an effort to obtain technology. Her ability to negotiate __11___ by the fact most of the technology she wanted was no commercial secrets. Japan’s __12__ has also been strengthened by the fact that her internal market was large, so that __13__ to this market could be offered to multinational companies as an attraction to them to grant licenses. Besides, Japan’s work force was disciplined, so it was capable __14__ applying the information it acquired. Finally, American and European companies, who were __15__ licensers, felt that the Japanese companies might take a large share of the world market __16__ they were