UNIT 8
Section One Tactics for Listening
Part 1 Spot Dictation
Corporate Social Responsibility（企业的社会责任）Once upon a time, all- or almost all- businesses were (1) greedy and rapacious, sparing a thought for their (2) workers or the environment only in order to (3) work out how to exploit them. Then bosses found their (4)consciences, guided (or sometimes forced) by (5)customers or critics from the (6) non-profit world. They discovered the idea that companies should not exist only to make a profit but to (7) serve society. Thus corporate social responsibility (CSR) got its (8) start as a business fashion, and it is now hard to find a firm that has not (9) come up with an earnest (10) statement about its relations with the wider world.
CSR is closely linked with the principles of (11) Sustainable Development in proposing that enterprises should (12) be obliged to make decisions based not only on the financial factors but also on the social and environmental (13)consequences of their activities. Issues like environmental damage, improper treatment of workers and (14) faulty production leading to customers inconvenience or danger, (15) are highlighted in the media.
Some investors and investment fund managers have begun to （16）take account of a corporation’s policy in making （17）investment decisions. Some consumers have become increasingly sensitive to the CSR performance of the companies（18）from which they buy their goods and services. These trends （19）have contributed to
the pressure on companies to（20）operate in an economically, socially and environmentally sustainable way.
Part 2 Listening for Gist
Small retailers across the United States are facing the same challenge: competition from shopping malls（大型购物中心）and chain stores（连锁店）. But, in downtown Dickson, Tennessee, a group of retail merchants（零售商）have band ed together（紧密团结起来）to win back（赢回）their customers who have been attracted to shopping areas （商业圈）in the neighboring big city.
Dickson is a typical small American city. It has quiet residential areas（居民区）and a nice little downtown that was once a thriving retail center. But according to David Hamilton, president of Dickson's Chamber of Commerce（商会）, highway construction over the past several years changed that. Being just 65 kilometers away from a big city like Nashville, Mr Hamilton says, presents another challenge to Dickson's downtown shopping area. "Because we're so close to Nashville, and because so many people work in Nashville, when they think about shopping, they think of going to Nashville malls."
But small business owners in downtown Dickson didn't give up. Instead, they decided to fight back. More than 40 of them founded the Retail Merchants Association of Downtown Dickson. Members of the new association are committed to success; they pay monthly dues（月缴会费）and meet periodically to suggest and
discuss creative ways of attracting more shoppers to downtown. Mr. Williams says one idea is creating events modeled on the annual Christmas parade through the downtown area that attracts a large number of city residents. Free refreshments （茶点，小吃）and giveaways （免费样品）will be part of these regular events. Mr. Williams says the group is also planning to beautify the downtown area with plants and paint.
Though it might seem hard to compete with big chain stores, small retailers have an advantage. They have a personal approach in serving customers. Chamber of Commerce president David Hamilton agrees. He says retailers in his city serve customers well, and customers in return, should support them by shopping in their stores.
The downtown area is the heart of a city. And members of Dickson's new Retail Merchants Association are determined to work together to keep the heart beating - to revitalize（使。。恢复生气）downtown Dickson so it is once again a busy, welcoming place for people to come and shop.
Exercise
Directions: Listen to the passage and find its topic sentence.
The topic sentence is"In downtown Dickson Tennessee，a group of retail merchants have banded together to win back their customers who have been attracted to shopping areas in the neighboring big city."
Section Two Listening Comprehension
Part 1 Dialogue
Having Their Babies at Home
- What about ... um ... the number of mothers who are now choosing to have their babies at home. Is that a, a growing number in Australia?
- It's still a very very small proportion at the moment and therefore many, um, hospitals are thinking of actually introducing birthing centers, birthing units. We have one at our hospital at the moment, where the, the unit is set up as a bedroom and a kitchen and the woman can actually walk around in comfort and just pretend it's her own home.
- So it's like a home in the hospital?
- Yeah, it's like a little maisonette in the hospital and, er, it's so close by to the theatre and delivery suites（产房）that if anything should go wrong（出故障）and did go wrong they could be moved around quite quickly and safely.
- Margaret, do you think it's safe to have a baby at home?
- There are risks involved, er, I personally would prefer not to have my baby at home.
I mean it would be {well you're a midwife} ... I know it would be quite ideal but the risk of something going wrong and if I was to lose that baby I think that I would be quite devastated.
- Aren't there dangers in hospital because there are more people involved?
- There are dangers in hospital, I mean you, you wouldn't want to know that there is a particularly resistant staphylococcal infection（抗葡萄球菌感染）running around the
hospital and, er, that would be quite a risk. In some countries it's been proven that having the baby at home is as safe as having a baby in hospital.
- Does it get a lot of encouragement having, er, a baby at home?
- I don't think so, no, it doesn't. I think ... um ... doctors and ... I think mainly doctors probably, I think they scare the women saying, well this might go wrong or that might go wrong at home so it's better for you to come into hospital.
Exercise
Directions: Listen to the dialogue and answer the following questions.
1. It's like a little maisonette, a home in the hospital.
2. Because it's still a very small proportion of mothers who are now choosing to have their babies at home at the moment and the birthing unit is set up as a bedroom and a kitchen and the woman can actually walk around in comfort and just pretend it's her own home.
3. Because it's so close by to the theatre and delivery suites that if anything should go wrong and did go wrong they could be moved around quite quickly and safely.
4. Something may go wrong during the delivery and that would be quite devastating.
5. There could be a particularly resistant staphylococcal infection running around the hospital.
Part2 Passage
Bridging Generations
1. Seniors today are better educated, healthier, and more vivacious than at any time in our nation's history.
2. They are active, energetic, and willing and can meet many program needs through their volunteer efforts.
3. Because they are living longer than ever before, seniors can anticipate up to 30 years of productive activity after retirement.
4. When choosing where and how to volunteer, seniors should pick the type of activity that best suits their personal goals as well as the needs of the recipients.
5. We want to help them embrace the world with their numerous gifts and talents, instead of the world embracing them with handcuffs and incarceration.
Mention the word retirement, and you'll likely invoke a range of reactions. Some think of retirement as a rite of passage（人生大事）, others as a time to relax. The cynical * may view it as a point beyond which one can no longer contribute to society. This is far from the truth! Seniors today are better educated, healthier, and more vivacious than at any time in our nation's history. They are active, energetic, and willing and can meet many program needs through their volunteer efforts. Seniors are a valuable resource with many gifts to offer - among them, experience, patience, skills, time, and wealth - that are unique to them.
The senior population, and its proportion relative to the rest of the population, is increasing rapidly. The Corporation for National and Community Service (CNS) estimates that, in 2000, some 35 million people aged 65 or older were living in the
United States, accounting for 13% of the total population. The aging baby boom generation is expected to double the senior population over the next 30 years. And because they are living longer than ever before, seniors can anticipate* up to30 years of productive activity after retirement.
Seniors share their gifts and life experiences to address issues in school systems, public safety, the environment, and other human needs.
Many seniors do not volunteer through formal programs. Some are one-time volunteers; others volunteer for a seasonal or special event. When choosing where and how to volunteer, seniors should pick the type of activity that best suits their personal goals as well as the needs of the recipients. Most importantly, be creative, selective, and have fun -like the volunteers featured here.
Like many Americans, Eloise Bowers and Joan Gross recognized the need for additional support for juveniles as they develop and mature into adults. These seniors, however, decided to give back to their community and develop positive relationships with juveniles through FGP.
The "grandmas", now in their second year with the program, have helped more than 50 of the most at-risk youth in the District of Columbia turn their lives around. "It is our job to help youth link with their peers and the community, as well as help their community and their peers link with them," they stress. "For the link to be strong, it must be mutual."
Some youth in the program have children of their own and need child-rearing tips. Others use inappropriate language and need to expand their vocabulary. Many
respond with violence and need avenues to vent* anger, whereas others dress inappropriately and need fashion tips（时尚锦囊，小贴士）. "We are committed to helping these youth help themselves," Bowers explains. "We want to help them embrace the world with their numerous gifts and talents, instead of the world embracing them with handcuffs and incarceration."
Bowers and Gross say their goals as foster grandparents are to serve as role models; make appropriate referrals for resources; teach respect with language and dress; share ways to manage anger, conflict, and anxiety; support successful transitions to mainstream schools, job training, and employment; and provide sincere love and understanding.
A：Pre-listening Question
Governmental provision for social security is slow to develop in the US, though there are now some elements of a comprehensive system, with some serious gaps, as well as variations between the states.
For both old age and illness, provision is now partly private, partly public. Most Americans when at work make some provision for their retirement, through savings, investment and insurance policies, company or union pension funds. Federal government social security provides pensions for retired people, and also unemployment benefit for six months, based on compulsory contributions by people at work. The rate of the pension gives an income above the official poverty line, and sufficient for minimal comfort, but only about a quarter of median earnings from
employment. It is not related to a person's income from private pensions or other sources.
B：Sentence Dictation
Directions: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.
C：Detailed Listening
Directions: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.
1.C
2.C
3.A
4.C
5.A
6.D
7.D
8. D
D：After-listening Discussion
Directions: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.
1. Bowers and Gross say their goals as foster grandparents are to serve as role models; make appropriate referrals for resources; teach respect with language and dress; share ways to manage anger, conflict, and anxiety; support successful transitions to mainstream schools, job training, and employment; and provide sincere love and understanding.
"It is our job to help youth link with their peers and the community, as well as help their community and their peers link with them." "We want to help them embrace the world with their numerous gifts and talents, instead of the world embracing them with
handcuffs and incarceration. "
2. (Open)
Section Three News
News Item 1
A research team led by Dr. Carle Pieters of Brown University announced the results at a NASA news conference on Thursday.
Using data from an American instrument flying on Indian satellite - and confirming data from two other spacecraft - they found water pretty much all over the moon, though more toward the poles and concentrated at the lunar surface.
Carle Pieters spoke of water, as did the other scientists, and certainly the news reports have headlined "water found on the moon." But another member of the research team, Jack Mustard, also of Brown, said it's unclear whether they're seeing water - a molecule with two atoms of hydrogen and one of oxygen - H20 - or hydroxyl, a chemical with only one hydrogen atom - OH.
That data comes not from examining the rocks on the moon directly, but from analyzing spectrographs of the light reflected from the moon. Different chemicals have different spectrographic signatures, but those of water and hydroxyl are very similar.
Finding water, if that's what it is, probably won't be of much use to any future human visitors to the Moon. But it may be an additional clue as scientists try to work out how the moon and the planets were formed.
A: Directions: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.
This news item is about the water discovery on the moon.
B. Directions: listen to the news item again and complete the following chart. Announcements from NASA News Conference
News Item 2
First Spaceman from Africa
The Soyuz rocket lifted off on schedule Thursday morning from launch pad number one at Russia's Baikonur base in Kazakhstan. Aboard was the ship's commander, veteran cosmonaut Yuri Gidzenko, Italian Air Force pilot Roberto Vittori and South African Internet entrepreneur* Mark Shuttleworth. The 28-year-old multimillionaire had trained for eight months and spent a reported $20 million to
fulfill his childhood dream of going into space. Family members who had flown to Kazakhstan for the occasion watched the liftoff reportedly with big smiles and tears of joy.
The Soyuz will fly to the International Space Station, where it is expected to dock on Saturday. The crew's main mission is to deliver a new Soyuz capsule to be kept at the space station for use as an escape vehicle if needed. Mark Shuttleworth is also to conduct experiments on how animal stem cells react in zero gravity.
The space tourist's trip has been warmly welcomed in South Africa, where his adventure has received blanket media coverage. He is the first African to go into space and has been dubbed the "Afronaut" by many back home, including Nelson Mandela.
Russia initiated the space tourism idea, seeing it as a way to bring badly needed cash into its ailing space program.
Exercise A
Directions: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.
This news item is about the first spaceman from Africa and his adventure with astronauts.
Exercise B
Directions: Listen to the news again and complete the following passage.
The Soyuz rocket lifted off on schedule at Russia's Baikonur base in Kazakhstan. Aboard was the ship's commander, an Italian Air Force pilot and South African Internet entrepreneur Mark Shuttleworth. The 28-year-old multimillionaire had trained for eight months and spent a reported$20 million to fulfill his childhood dream of going into space. Members of his family watched the launch with big smiles and tears of joy.
The Soyuz will fly to the International Space Station, where it is expected to dock on Saturday. The crew's main mission is to deliver a new Soyuz capsule for use as an escape vehicle if needed. Mark Shuttleworth is also to conduct experiments on how animal stem cells react in zero gravity. He is the first African to go into space and has been dubbed the "Afronaut" by many back home.
News Item 3
40 years after man landed on the moon, and 39 years after Lovell returned to Earth, NASA plans to retire the Space Shuttle in 2010. It is the only vehicle NASA has to carry astronauts into space. At the Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama in late July, NASA held meetings with an independent review panel（独立评审委员会）commissioned by President Barack Obama to evaluate the future of manned space flight（载人航天飞行）.
Part of the meeting focused on the next generation spacecraft that would replace the Space Shuttle Orbiter (航天飞机轨道器). NASA is developing the Constellation program（星座计划）, a beefed-up Apollo-like initiative. It uses a rocket, called Ares, to put a single-use spacecraft, called the Orion, into orbit, and eventually back to the
moon.
Another option favored by the presidential panel is extending the life of the Space Shuttle through 2014, keeping it flying missions until a new spacecraft is ready for flight. The panel is also reviewing an extension to the proposed life（拟用年限）of the International Space Station, currently scheduled to end its mission by 2015. A: Directions: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.
This news item is about NASA’s plan about the future of manned space flight.
B: Directions: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions.
1. NASA plans to retire the Space Shuttle in 2010.
2. NASA held meetings with an independent review panel commissioned by President Barack Obama to evaluate the future of manned space flight.
3. Part of the meeting focused on the next generation spacecraft that would replace the Space Shuttle Orbiter.
4. The Constellation program is a beefed-up Apollo-like initiative. It uses a rocket, called Ares, to put a single-use spacecraft, called the Orion, into orbit, and eventually back to the moon.
5. Another option favored by the presidential panel is extending the life of the Space Shuttle through 2014, keeping it flying missions until a new spacecraft is ready for flight.
6. The panel is also reviewing an extension to the proposed life of the International Space Station, currently scheduled to end its mission by 2015.
Section Four Supplementary Exercises
Part 1 Feature Report
Researchers call for creation of fire science An international group of researchers is calling for the creation of a separate scientific discipline devoted to the study of fire. The scientists say there's a basic lack of understanding about fire, which impacts virtually every aspect of life on earth.
Uncontrolled fires cause billions of dollars a year in damage to health, livelihoods and biodiversity, yet experts say relatively little is known about this primitive element and its impact.
In a paper published this week in the journal Science, co-author Steve Pyne and colleagues say there's currently no systematic, scientific way to study fire.
Pyne and nearly two dozen other researchers compiled current data on fire's impact on global warming to underscore the need for a new fire discipline. The scientists report that all fires combined—from the intentional blazes farmers use to clear forest to the accidental wildfires sparked by both man and nature—release an amount of carbon dioxide equal to half the CO2 emissions from the burning of fossil fuels. They say that fires also pump other potentially climate-changing pollutants into the atmosphere, including methane gas, aerosols and soot.
Pyne adds that changes in climate could exacerbate the hot, dry conditions that trigger wildfires. The prospect of larger and more deadly fires around the world makes it imperative that new ways be found to help better understand and manage those fires, according to the study's lead author, Jennifer Balch, a researcher with the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis in Santa Barbara, California.
"What we're going to have to be concerned about in a warmer world are where there are more fires where we don't normally see fires, where there are more fires and where there are more frequent fires. And we are going to have to figure out where those differences are going to be and how we're going to respond to them, and accommodate these changes in fire regimes."
The authors hope the report will persuade the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change—an international panel of experts studying global warming—to pay more attention to fire as a significant force in global warming, and spark interest within the scientific community for a new scientific discipline devoted to the study of fire.
A: Directions: listen to the news report and complete the summary.
This news report is about the call for the creation of a separate scientific discipline devoted to the study of fires.
B: Directons: listen to the news report again and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.
1. C
2. B
3. A
4. D
5. C
6. A
7. D
8. B
part 2 passage
Girl’s Life
Since I was about 10, I’ve be en overweight. At that time, I weighed 180 pounds–as much as my dad. Although my family was supportive, kids at school made fun of me, saying things like ―Fatty, fatty!‖ or ―Hey, two-by-four!‖ In ninth grade, a boy put
donuts on my chair so I’d sit on them. The pranks really got to me, and I’d go home in tears. In time, I learned to block that stuff out of my mind. Everyday, I just tried to look my very best and be a good person.
When I hit my teens, my brother was incarcerated for a minor offence. Suddenly, there was a ton of pressure on me to be a ―good girl ‖, so I wouldn’t turn out like my brother. My parents became super strict and homeschooled me, which I hated since I was already so isolated. My solution? Eat more.
I tried many diets, but nothing worked. Finally, I accepted being fat. But aside from the emotional problems that went with being overweight, I developed physical problems. And I constantly had to go to the hospital.
There were many things I couldn’t do because of my weight, like walking u p and down stairs without losing my breath! I couldn’t go to amusement parks because I didn’t fit on the rides. I hated the zoo because it was too exhausting to walk. And I’d never worn a bathing suit, so I couldn’t swim. Everywhere I went, kids scared and pointed so I avoided going out in public.
The worst thing was that I couldn’t walk into a ballpark or some dance clubs if there were turnstiles at the entrances. It was humiliating. By the time I was 16, I was miserable and felt my life was completely out of control.
Finally, I thought I’d figured a way out of my rut. I caught a TV show about a woman having gastric bypass surgery, or ―stomach stapling‖. It’s a surgical procedure in which the stomach is made so small that the patient can’t overeat.
The woman on the show lost a ton of weight after her surgery. This gave me hope. I decided to have the surgery, too.
The surgery took about four and a half hours. My stomach was cut down to the size of an egg, and recovery was painful for a few days. But by the fourth day, I was released from the hospital.
Although stomach stapling may be a surgical option for someone who is severely obese, it is definitely no miracle cure for being overweight.
Almost a quarter of patients who have the operation lose no weight at all. Only 30 percent achieve a normal weight– and many of those patients regain the pounds within three to five years. Not great odds, and there are tons of serious risks.
More than one out of 300 patients die from the surgery. There’s also the possibility of leakage from the stomach, a serious complication, which requires more agency. Add to that the possibility of gallstones, infections and other sequelae and it becomes pretty obvious that this surgery is an absolutely last desperate measure!
A: Pre-listening question
Being obese and being overweight are not exactly the same thing. An obese person has a large amount of extra body fat, not just a few extra pounds. People who are obese are very overweight and at risk for serious health problems.
The number of obese people is rising. About 1.2 billion people in the world are overweight and at least 300 million of them are obese, even though obesity is one of theten most preventable health risks, according to the World Health Organization.
The best way to avoid thses health problems is to maintain a healthy weight. And the keys to healthy weight are regular exercise and good eating habits.
B: Sentence Dictation
Directions: listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.
1. In ninth grade, a boy donuts on my chair so I’d sit on them. The pranks really got to me, and I’d go home in tears.
2. My parents became super strict and homeschooled me, which I hated since I was already so isolated.
3.I tried many diets, but nothing worked. Finally, I accepted being fat.
4.My stomach was cut down to the size of an egg, and recovery was painful for a few days.
5. Although stomach stapling may be a surgical option for someone who is severely obese, it is definitely no miracle cure for being overweight.
C: Detailed Listening
Directions: listen to the passage, complete the chart and answer the questions.
1. Because she developed physical problems from being overweight.
2. She couldn’t do many things because of her weight, like walking up and down stairs without losing my breath! She couldn’t go to amusement parks because she didn’t fit on the rides. She hated the zoo because it was too exhausting to walk. And she’d never worn a bathing suit, so she couldn’t swim.
3. She caught a TV show about a woman having gastric bypass surgery.
4. The surgery took about four and a half hours.
5. More than one out of 300 patients die from surgery.
D. After-listening Discussion
Directions: listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.
1.Stomach stapling is a surgical procedure in which the stomach is made small that
the patient can’t overeat. Almost a quarter of patients who have the operation lose no weight at all. Only 30 percent achieve a normal weight– and many of those patients regain the pounds within three to five years. Not great odds, and there are tons of serious risks.
2.(open)
听力教程答案施心远— HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】
U n i t1 1.在美国，大学教育的费用会很贵。 2.费用的上涨使越来越多的美国家庭通过借钱来支付上大学的费用。 3.有各种各样的联邦贷款和私人贷款可供学生挑选。 4.在这些贷款品种中，有些品种的利率将从7月1日起上调。 5.人们越来越担心，很多学生将背负沉重的债务从大学毕业。 News Item 1 A: …about China’s ambitious space program. B: 1. Landing spot: in the remote grasslands of Inner Mongolia 2. Significance: a source of national pride and international prestige (威望) Future plan 1. 1) Time: 2007 2) Goal: The astronauts will attempt a space walk. 2. Focus of further development: the capability to rendezvous and dock with other spacecraft 3. Recruitment of astronauts: to recruit female astronauts in the near future. News Item 2 There are still question marks though over the stability of the recovery. The property* sector* is showing signs of overheating. The government this week announced measures to try to cool it. At the same time officials decided to extend tax subsidies* for purchases of small vehicles and appliances suggesting that some here still believe Chinese manufacturers need government support. Growth was strongest in heavy industries such as coal, steel, power generation and automobiles. Consumer prices rose in November for the first time since February. But the rise was small and probably reflected higher food prices caused by early snowstorms which destroyed crops and disrupted transport. A: … about the growth of China’s economy. News Item 3 A: … about China’s large and growing trade with and aid to Africa. B： 1.In many African capitals, the main football stadium is likely to have been built with Chinese aid money. 2.It is estimated that Sino-African trade, and aid, amounts to as high as 12 billion dollars a year. 3.The links between China and Africa could grow to challenge the post- colonial links between Europe and Africa. 4.On the meeting in Addis Ababa, China promised to cancel debts, grant duty-free access into China for African products and increase Chinese investments in Africa.
A Listening Course 4 施心远主编《听力教程》4 (第2版)答案 Unit 3 Section One: Tactics for Listening Part 1: Listening and Translation score higher than boys in almost every country. 几乎在所有国家里，女孩子都比男孩子得分高。 2. Differences between males and females are a continuing issue of fierce debate. 男女差异一直是激烈争论的焦点。 3. Cultural and economic influences play an important part.. 文化和经济影响起着重要的作用。 4. But recent findings suggest that the answer may lie in differences between the male and female brain. 但是最新的发现提示，答案也许在男女大脑的差异。 5. These include differences in learning rates. 这些包括学习速度上的差异。 Section Two Listening Comprehension Part 1 Dialogue Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and filling the blanks with the missing information. Serenading Service was founded three years ago when the singer
Unit 3 Section One Tactics for listening Part 1 Spot Dictation Wildlife Every ten minutes, one kind of animal, plant or insect (1) dies out for ever. If nothing is done about it, one million species that are alive today will have become (2) extinct twenty years from now. The seas are in danger. They are being filled with (3)poison: industrial and nuclear waste, chemical fertilizers and (4)pesticides, sewage. If nothing is done about it, one day soon nothing will be able to (5) live in the seas. The tropical rain (6)forests which are the home of half the earth's living things are (7) being destroyed. If nothing is done about it, they will have (8) nearly disappeared in twenty years. The effect on the world's (9) climate- and on our agriculture and food (10)supplies- will be disastrous. (11)Fortunately, somebody is trying to do something about it. In 1961, the (12)World Wildlife Fund was founded - a small group of people who wanted to (13) raise money to save animals and plants (14) from extinction. Today, the World Wildlife Fund is a large (15) internationa l organization. It has raised over (16)￡35 million for (17)
UNIT 6 Section One Tactics for Listening Part 1 Spot Dictation Wind and Spirit We do notice the wind when it seems (1) cruel, when the trees turn away from it, and it (2) cuts into our hearts. "Certain winds will make men's (3) temper bad", said George Eliot. In Southern California, the Santa Ana is (4) associated with an increase in depression and domestic (5) violence. Scientists have tried (6)without success to identify physiological reasons for these (7) reactions. Everyone agrees, however, that (8)dry winds like the Santa Ana, the mistral in France and the foehn* in Germany and Switzerland seem to have (9) negative effects on our mental and physical (10) well-being. On windy days, playground fights, (11) suicides and heart failures are more (12) frequent. In Geneva, traffic accidents (13) increase when a wind called the bise* blows. At the (14) request of patients, some Swiss and German hospitals (15) postpone surgery during the foehn. It is human to ask what is (16) behind the wind. It is easy to personify the wind as the (17) breath of God. The act of taking wind into our lungs is what (18) gives us life. The Jews, Arabs, Romans and Greeks all took their word for (19) spirit from the word for wind. But our day-to-day lives are no longer (20 blown on the winds. We do not
Unit Two Section 1 Tactics for Listening Part 1 Phonetics Exercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape~ Pay special attention to the weak forms, link-ups and contractions. Woman: Good evening. Man: Good evening. Can you ( 1 ) make up this prescription, please? Woman: Certainly. (2) Would you like to wait? Man: How long (3) will it take? Woman: (4)It'll be ready in twenty minutes. Man: Oh, (5) I'll come back later. Woman: All right, sir, Man: (6) Shall I pay now or later? Woman: (7) Later'll be all right. Part 2 Listening and Note-taking Exercise A: Listen to the conversation and take notes. Exercise B: Use the information from your notes to mark the places and streets mentioned in the conversation on the sketch map. Man: Excuse me. How can I get to the station please? Woman: The station, the station, the station ...let me see. Ah, yes. You can go down ... no. Go straight on until you come to a cinema. Let's see now-- that's the second turn on your right. The cinema's on the corner. Turn right at the cinema and you'll be in Bridge Street. I think it's Bridge Street. Go along Bridge Street for a few minutes and then take the second -- no, not the second, the first, that's fight, the first turning. On your left. The station is straight ahead, right in front of you. Man: So that's second right and first left. Thank you very much. That's very kind of you. Woman: Don't mention it. go up vs. go down Go up上坡，往北，从小地方往大地方（如城市，尤其是首都） Go down下坡，往南，从大地方往小地方（如农村） Go up: 1) go up to a place: go to college, go to the town/capital . He will go up to Cambridge next term. 2) go up to sb.向。。。走去/靠近
施心远主编《听力教程》4 (第2版) 答案 UNIT 1 Section One Part 1 Spot Dictation Houses in the Future Well, I think houses in the future will probably be (1) quite small but I should think they'll be (2) well-insulated so that you don't need so much (3) heating and (4) cooling as you do now, so perhaps very economical (5) to run. Perhaps they will use (6) solar heating, although I don't know, in this country, perhaps we (7) won't be able to do that so much. Yes, I think they'll be full of (8) electronic gadgets: things like very advanced televisions, videos, perhaps videos which take up ... the screen (9) takes up the whole wall. I should think. Yes, you'll have things like (10) garage doors which open automatically when you (11) drive up, perhaps electronic (12) sensors which will (13) recognize you when you, when you come to the front door even. Perhaps (14) architects and designers will be a bit more (15) imaginative about how houses are designed and perhaps with the (16) shortage of space people will think of putting gardens (17) on the roof and, and maybe rooms can be (18) expanded and, and (19) contracted* depending on what you use them for, so perhaps there'll be a bit more (20) flexibility about that. Part 2 Listening for Gist Dialogue：I Want to See Dr Milton
施心远主编《听力教程》1-(第2版)Unit-12听力原文和答案
Unit 12 Section One Tactics for Listening Part 1 Phonetics Exercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay special attention to the weak forms, link-ups and contractions. [Sound of busy street] Jeff: Hi, Carl, (I) What’s up? Carl: Hey, Jeff. We're (2) on our way to see that new comedy Running From the Mob. Want to (3) go with us? Jeff: I (4) hear it's really funny. Carl: Yeah, it's got a lot of good (5) people in it. Should be great. Let's go. Jeff: Ah, I (6) wish I could, but I've got to study. Carl: Well, maybe next time. You're (7) missing a good thing. Jeff: I know. (8) Got to go. See you. Carl: Bye. Part 2 Listening and Note-Taking TAPESCRIPT Exercise: Complete the passages as you listen to it. The (1) first thing I do at the office is to (2) open all the boss’s letters,
Keys to Unit 11 Section I 1.“国家成人读写能力评估”是检测美国成年人阅读能力的一项主要测试。 2.该测试检测的是参加者阅读和理解日常生活信息的能力 3.这项调查发现有1,100万，即百分之五的成年人看不懂英语。 4.研究人员说，问题的部分原因在于很多美国年轻人作为消遣所进行的阅读已经不 太多了。 5.人们发现阅读水平高的人比那些不具备阅读能力的人的年收入多28,000美元。Section II Dialogue Great leaders in history: military chiefs/ national heroes/ dreaded tyrants see these so-called great leaders in the same light spiritual leaders Characteristics: what they want to achieve lose sight of their objectives/ work towards them/ what obstacles they may come up against the end justifies the means the will of the people/ improve their lot be successful Passage 1.Going to the library or locking yourself in your room with no aim other than reading for a predetermined time is likely to lead to boredom. 2.One way round this problem when you encounter it is to set yourself really small and manageable reading tasks. 3.The task should be one that is useful towards your final aim of getting your essay or paper or dissertation written, or revising for your exam. 4.In devising such tiny but “do-able”tasks for yourself you are using your creativity, making the reading a personal task to you and breaking a large endeavor up into small and attainable steps. 5.Often the motivation supplied by an assignment or essay will help you to focus your reading in helpful ways. T T T F T F T F Ex.2 1) We can set ourselves a particular period of time in which to assess the relevance of a number of books or articles for our purposes, to understand an important but difficult argument and to locate material in and take notes about a source that we have good reasons to believe can help us to answer a particular question. 2)To get started with reading should not be difficult. And once you have made a beginning, the next day or the next time you come to this piece of reading, you will
A Liste ning Course 4 施心远主编《听力教程》4 （第2版）答案 Unit 2 Secti on One: Tactics for Liste ning Part 1: Listening and Translation 1. Girls score higher tha n boys in almost every coun try. 几乎在所有国家里，女孩子都比男孩子得分高。 2. Differences between males and females are a continuing issue of fierce debate. 男女差异一直是激烈争论的焦点。 3. Cultural and econo mic in flue nces play an importa nt part.. 文化和经济影响起着重要的作用。 4. But rece nt findings suggest that the an swer may lie in differe nces betwee n the male and female brai n. 但是最新的发现提示，答案也许在男女大脑的差异。 5. These in clude differe nces in lear ning rates. 这些包括学习速度上的差异。 Secti on Two Liste ning Comprehe nsion Part 1 Dialogue
Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and filling the blanks with the miss ing in formati on. Seren adi ng Service was foun ded three years ago whe n the sin ger realize that British people were desperate for roma nee. He thought there would be a elientele for a hired serenader . The idea came from his studies of Renaissanee music , which is full of serenades. Over the eenturies, university students have turned the sere nade into an art form for hire ______ . Usually he is hired by men to si ng love songs to women Occasi on ally he is asked to sing to men The service is really a form of in timate alfresco theatre with love songs. Heusually wears a white tie a nd tails a nd sings amorous Italian songs. He will carry chocolate hearts or flowers a nd whe nthere is no bale ony available he will si ng from trees or fire escapes ! The fee depends on whether a musician comes along or not. The basic rate is ￡ 450 but it can cost a lot more especially if he takes a gondola and a group of musicians along. Someoeople are so moved that they burst in to tears , but some react badly. They try to find out as much as they can about their clients to avoid unpleasant situations . They have to be very careful
UNIT 2 Section One Tactics for listening Part 1 Sport Dictation My Mother My mother was an efficient (1) taskmaster who cooked, cleaned and shopped for nine people (2) on a daily basis. She was a disciplinarian* who would (3) make us seven kids walk up and down the stairs a hundred times if we clumped like (4)field hands to-dinner. She also enlisted us to help her in the day's (5) chores. My mother believed that each of her children had a special (6)knack that made him or her invaluable on certain (7)missions.My brother Mike, for example, was believed to have especially (8) keen eyesight. He was hoisted up as a human (9)telescope whenever she needed to see something (10) far away. John was the climber when a kite (11) got caught. My own job was navigator for our (12) gigantic old Chrysler. But my mother's (13) ability to get work done well was only (14) one side. She also had an (15) imagination that carried her in different directions. That (16) allowed her to transcend her everyday life. She did not (17) believe in magic as portrayed on a stage, but (18) valued instead the sound of a metal bucket being (19) filled by a hose, or the persistence of a dandelion at the (20) edge of a woodpile. Part 2 Listening for Gist For hundreds of years man has been fascinated by the idea of flying. One of the first men to produce designs for aircraft was Leonardo da Vinci, an Italian artist who lived in the fifteenth century. However, it was not until the eighteenth century that people began to fly, or perhaps it would be better to say float, across the countryside in balloons. The first hot-air balloon was made in April 1783 by the Montgolfier brothers in France. In the following years many flights were made by balloon. Some of the flights were for pleasure and others were for delivering mail and for military purposes, such as observation and even bombing. However, in the late nineteenth century, airship s superseded balloons as a form of transport. Airships came after balloons. The first powered and manned flight was made by a Frenchman, Giffard, in September 1852. His airship, powered by steam, traveled twenty-seven kilometers from Paris to Trappes at a speed of eight kilometers per hour. However the days of the airship were numbered as the aero- plane became increasingly safe and popular. Exercise Directions: Listen to the passage and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide. 1.This passage is about the early history of flying.
Unit 1 Section One Tactics for Listening Part 1 Phonetics-Stress, Intonation and Accent 1. We haven’t got any in dark blue. 2. We can’t make it at nine tomorrow. 3. My telephone number is not 65031609. 4. I don’t like the black jumper. 5. He won’t come by the 7:30 train. (The word or digit in bold has the most stress)
Exercise:
1. a
2. b
3. a
4. b
5. b
Part2 Listening and Note-talking Driving Carefully
Drive carefully and slowly when pedestrians are about, particularly in crowded shopping streets, when you see a bus stopped, or near a parked mobile shop. Watch out for pedestrians coming from behind parked or stopped vehicles, or from other places where you might not be able to see them.
Three out of four pedestrians killed or seriously injured are either under fifteen or over sixty. The young and elderly may not judge speeds very well, and may step into the road when you do not expect them. Give them, and the infirm,
【最新整理，下载后即可编辑】 UNIT 1 Section One Part 1 Spot Dictation Houses in the Future Well, I think houses in the future will probably be (1) quite small but I should think they'll be (2) well-insulated so that you don't need so much (3) heating and (4) cooling as you do now, so perhaps very economical (5) to run. Perhaps they will use (6) solar heating, although I don't know, in this country, perhaps we (7) won't be able to do that so much. Yes, I think they'll be full of (8) electronic gadgets: things like very advanced televisions, videos, perhaps videos which take up ... the screen (9) takes up the whole wall. I should think. Yes, you'll have things like (10) garage doors which open automatically when you (11) drive up,
Unit 12 Section One T actics for Listening Part 1 Phonetics Exercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay special attention to the weak forms, link-ups and contractions. [Sound of busy street] Jeff: Hi, Carl, (I) What’s up? Carl: Hey, Jeff. We're (2) on our way to see that new comedy Running From the Mob. Want to (3) go with us? Jeff: I (4) hear it's really funny. Carl: Y eah, it's got a lot of good (5) people in it. Should be great. Let's go. Jeff: Ah, I (6) wish I could, but I've got to study. Carl: Well, maybe next time. Y ou're (7) missing a good thing. Jeff: I know. (8) Got to go. See you. Carl: Bye. Part 2 Listening and Note-Taking TAPESCRIPT Exercise: Complete the passages as you listen to it. The (1) first thing I do at the office is to (2) open all the boss?s letters, I (3) answer the easy ones and I (4) leave the difficult ones on the (5)
Unit3 Section One Tactics for Listening Part2 Listening and Note-taking A Territory When we talk about a territory, we mean a defended space. Animals have their territories, which they mark out with their personal scent. The scent is their territorial signal. Human beings have other territorial signals. There are three kinds of human territory, marked by different territorial signals. First, there are the Tribal Territories, which in modem terms are known as countries. Countries have a number of territorial signals. The borders are often guarded by soldiers and they usually have customs barriers, flags, and signs. Other signals of the tribal territory are uniforms and national anthems. These signals are important, because they warn the visitor that he is entering a foreign country and, while he is there, he must behave like a visitor. Second, there is the Family Territory, at the center of which is the bedroom. This is usually as far away as possible from the front door. Between the bedroom and the front door are the spaces where visitors are allowed to enter. People behave differently when they're in someone else's house. As soon as they come up the driveway or walk through the front door -- the first signals of family territory -- they are in an area which does not belong to them. They do not feel at home, because it is full of other people's belongings -- from the flowers in the garden to the chairs, tables, carpets, ornaments, and other things in the house. In the same way, when a family goes to the beach or to the park for a picnic, they mark out a small territory with towels, baskets, and other belongings; other families respect this, and try not to sit down right beside them. Finally, there is the Personal Territory. In public places, people automatically mark out an area of personal space. If a man enters a waiting room and sits at one end of a row of chairs, it is possible to predict where the next man will sit. It won't be next to him or at the other end of the room, but halfway between. In a crowded space like a train, we can't have much personal territory, so we stand looking straight in front of us with blank faces. We don't look at or talk to anyone around us. Exercise A: 1. When we talk about a territory, we mean a defended space. 2. These signals are important, because they warn the visitor that he is entering a foreign country. 3. People behave differently when they're in someone else's house.