氢氧化钠水溶液的密度和浓度对照表 密度ρ20 kg/m3 浓度密度ρ20 kg/m3 浓度 ％（质量）kmol/m3％（质量）kmol/m3 1000 0.159 0.040 1270 24.65 7.824 1010 1.045 0.264 1280 25.56 8.178 1020 1.94 0.494 1290 26.48 8.539 1030 2.84 0.731 1300 27.41 8.906 1040 3.75 0.971 1310 28.33 9.278 1050 4.66 1.222 1320 29.26 9.656 1060 5.56 1.474 1330 30.20 10.04 1070 6.47 1.731 1340 31.14 10.43 1080 7.38 1.992 1350 32.10 10.83 1090 8.28 2.257 1360 33.06 11.24 1100 9.19 2.527 1370 34.03 11.65 1110 10.10 2.802 1380 35.01 12.08 1120 11.01 3.082 1390 36.00 12.51 1130 11.92 3.367 1400 36.99 12.95 1140 12.83 3.655 1410 37.99 13.39 1150 13.73 3.947 1420 38.99 13.84 1160 14.64 4.244 1430 40.00 14.30 1170 15.54 4.545 1440 41.03 14.77 1180 16.44 4.850 1450 42.07 15.25 1190 17.35 5.160 1460 43.12 15.74 1200 18.26 5.476 1470 44.17 16.23 1210 19.16 5.796 1480 45.22 16.73 1220 20.07 6.122 1490 46.27 17.23 1230 20.98 6.451 1500 47.33 17.75 1240 21.90 6.788 1510 48.38 18.26 1250 22.82 7.129 1520 49.44 18.78 1260 23.73 7.475 1530 50.50 19.31
水的温度与密度关系表 t(℃) 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0 999.840 999.846 999.853 999.859 999.865 999.871 999.877 999.883 999.888 999.893 1 999.898 999.904 999.908 999.913 999.917 999.921 999.925 999.929 999.933 999.937 2 999.940 999.94 3 999.946 999.949 999.952 999.95 4 999.956 999.959 999.961 999.962 3 999.96 4 999.966 999.967 999.968 999.969 999.970 999.971 999.971 999.972 999.972 4 999.972 999.972 999.972 999.971 999.971 999.970 999.969 999.968 999.967 999.965 5 999.964 999.962 999.960 999.958 999.95 6 999.954 999.951 999.949 999.946 999.943 6 999.940 999.93 7 999.934 999.930 999.926 999.923 999.919 999.915 999.910 999.906 7 999.901 999.897 999.892 999.887 999.882 999.877 999.871 999.866 999.880 999.854 8 999.848 999.842 999.836 999.829 999.823 999.816 999.809 999.802 999.795 999.788 9 999.781 999.773 999.765 999.758 999.750 999.742 999.734 999.725 999.717 999.708 10 999.699 999.691 999.682 999.672 999.663 999.654 999.644 999.634 999.625 999.615 11 999.605 999.595 999.584 999.574 999.563 999.553 999.542 999.531 999.520 999.508 12 999.497 999.486 999.474 999.462 999.450 999.439 999.426 999.414 999.402 999.389 13 999.377 999.384 999.351 999.338 999.325 999.312 999.299 999.285 999.271 999.258 14 999.244 999.230 999.216 999.202 999.187 999.173 999.158 999.144 999.129 999.114 15 999.099 999.084 999.069 999.053 999.038 999.022 999.006 998.991 998.975 998.959 16 998.943 998.926 998.910 998.893 998.876 998.860 998.843 998.826 998.809 998.792 17 998.774 998.757 998.739 998.722 998.704 998.686 998.668 998.650 998.632 998.613 18 998.595 998.576 998.557 998.539 998.520 998.501 998.482 998.463 998.443 998.424 19 998.404 998.385 998.365 998.345 998.325 998.305 998.285 998.265 998.244 998.224 20 998.203 998.182 998.162 998.141 998.120 998.099 998.077 998.056 998.035 998.013 21 997.991 997.970 997.948 997.926 997.904 997.882 997.859 997.837 997.815 997.792 22 997.769 997.747 997.724 997.701 997.678 997.655 997.631 997.608 997.584 997.561 23 997.537 997.513 997.490 997.466 997.442 997.417 997.393 997.396 997.344 997.320 24 997.295 997.270 997.246 997.221 997.195 997.170 997.145 997.120 997.094 997.069 t(℃) 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 25 997.043 997.018 996.992 996.966 996.940 996.914 996.888 996.861 996.835 996.809 26 996.782 996.755 996.729 996.702 996.675 996.648 996.621 996.594 996.566 996.539 27 996.511 996.484 996.456 996.428 996.401 996.373 996.344 996.316 996.288 996.260 28 996.231 996.203 996.174 996.146 996.117 996.088 996.059 996.030 996.001 996.972 29 995.943 995.913 995.884 995.854 995.825 995.795 995.765 995.753 995.705 995.675 30 995.645 995.615 995.584 995.554 995.523 995.493 995.462 995.431 995.401 995.370 31 995.339 995.307 995.276 995.245 995.214 995.182 995.151 995.119 995.087 995.055 32 995.024 994.992 994.960 994.927 994.895 994.863 994.831 994.798 994.766 994.733 33 994.700 994.667 994.635 994.602 994.569 994.535 994.502 994.469 994.436 994.402 34 994.369 994.335 994.301 994.267 994.234 994.200 994.166 994.132 994.098 994.063 35 994.029 993.994 993.960 993.925 993.891 993.856 993.821 993.786 993.751 993.716 36 993.681 993.646 993.610 993.575 993.540 993.504 993.469 993.433 993.397 993.361 37 993.325 993.280 993.253 993.217 993.181 993.144 993.108 993.072 993.035 992.999 38 992.962 992.925 992.888 992.851 992.814 992.777 992.740 992.703 992.665 992.628 39 992.591 992.553 992.516 992.478 992.440 992.402 992.364 992.326 992.288 992.250
附录A （标准的附录）水的密度和焓值表A1 当工作压力≤时，水的密度和焓值应采用表A1。表A1 P=，温度为1 ℃—150 ℃时水的密度和焓值表 温度（℃）密度(kg/ m 3 ) 焓 (kJ/kg) 温度 （℃） 密度(kg/ m 3 ) 焓 (kJ/kg) 温度 （℃） 密度(kg/ m 3 ) 焓 (kJ/kg) 1 51 101 2 52 102 3 53 103 4 54 104 5 55 105 6 56 106 7 57 107 8 58 108 9 59 109 10 60 110 11 61 111 12 62 112 13 63 113 14 64 114 15 65 115 16 66 116 17 67 117 18 68 118 19 69 119 20 70 120 21 71 121 22 72 122 23 73 123 24 74 124 25 75 125 26 76 126 27 77 127 28 78 128 29 79 129 30 80 130 31 81 131 32 82 132 33 83 133 34 84 134 35 85 135 续表A1 36 86 136 37 87 137 38 88 138 39 89 139
41 91 141 42 92 142 43 93 143 44 94 144 45 95 145 46 96 146 47 97 147 48 98 148 49 99 149 50 100 150 A2 当工作压力>，且≤时，水的密度和焓值应采用表A2。表A2 当P=时，温度为1 ℃—150 ℃水的密度和焓值表 温度（℃）密度 (kg/ m 3 ) 焓(kJ/kg) 温度 （℃） 密度 (kg/ m 3 ) 焓 (kJ/kg) 温度 （℃） 密度 (kg/ m 3 ) 焓(kJ/kg) 1 51 101 2 52 102 3 53 103 4 54 104 5 55 105 6 56 106 7 57 107 8 58 108 9 59 109 10 60 110 11 61 111 12 62 112 13 63 113 14 64 114 15 65 115 16 66 116 17 67 117 18 68 118 19 69 119 20 70 120 续表A2 21 71 121 22 72 122 23 73 123 24 74 124 25 75 125 26 76 126 27 77 127
水的密度 表2.4.1? 水的密度3） 压力温度℃ 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 0.001 999.800 －－－－－－－－－ 0.005 999.800 0 999.7000 998.3 028 －－－－－－－ 0.01 999.800 0 999.8000 998.3 029 995. 7184 992. 2604 －－－－－ 0.05 999.800 0 999.8000 998.3 029 995. 7184 962. 2604 988 .04 47 983.18 75 977.70 83 971.62 84 － 0.1 999.800 0 999.8000 998.3 029 995. 7184 992. 2604 988 .04 47 983.18 75 977.70 83 971.62 84 965.15 78 0.15 999.900 0 999.8000 998.3 029 995. 8176 992. 3588 988 .04 47 983.18 75 977.70 83 971.72 29 965.15 78 0.20 999.900 0 999.8000 998.4 026 995. 8176 992. 3588 988 .14 23 983.18 75 977.70 83 971.72 29 965.15 78 0.25 999.900 0 999.9000 998.4 026 995. 8176 992. 3588 988 .14 23 983.28 42 977.80 39 971.72 29 965.15 78 0.3 999.900 0 999.9000 998.4 026 995. 8176 992. 3588 988 .14 983.28 42 977.80 39 971.72 29 965.25 10
t(℃) 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0 999.840 999.846 999.853 999.859 999.865 999.871 999.877 999.883 999.888 999.893 1 999.898 999.904 999.908 999.913 999.917 999.921 999.925 999.929 999.933 999.937 2 999.940 999.94 3 999.946 999.949 999.952 999.95 4 999.956 999.959 999.961 999.962 3 999.96 4 999.966 999.967 999.968 999.969 999.970 999.971 999.971 999.972 999.972 4 999.972 999.972 999.972 999.971 999.971 999.970 999.969 999.968 999.967 999.965 5 999.964 999.962 999.960 999.958 999.95 6 999.954 999.951 999.949 999.946 999.943 6 999.940 999.93 7 999.934 999.930 999.926 999.923 999.919 999.915 999.910 999.906 7 999.901 999.897 999.892 999.887 999.882 999.877 999.871 999.866 999.880 999.854 8 999.848 999.842 999.836 999.829 999.823 999.816 999.809 999.802 999.795 999.788 9 999.781 999.773 999.765 999.758 999.750 999.742 999.734 999.725 999.717 999.708 10 999.699 999.691 999.682 999.672 999.663 999.654 999.644 999.634 999.625 999.615 11 999.605 999.595 999.584 999.574 999.563 999.553 999.542 999.531 999.520 999.508 12 999.497 999.486 999.474 999.462 999.450 999.439 999.426 999.414 999.402 999.389 13 999.377 999.384 999.351 999.338 999.325 999.312 999.299 999.285 999.271 999.258 14 999.244 999.230 999.216 999.202 999.187 999.173 999.158 999.144 999.129 999.114 15 999.099 999.084 999.069 999.053 999.038 999.022 999.006 998.991 998.975 998.959
水密度随温度变化表t(℃) 00.10.20.30.40.50.60.7 0999.84999.846999.853999.859999.865999.871999.877999.883 1999.898999.904999.908999.913999.917999.921999.925999.929 2999.94999.943999.946999.949999.952999.954999.956999.959 3999.964999.966999.967999.968999.969999.97999.971999.971 4999.972999.972999.972999.971999.971999.97999.969999.968 5999.964999.962999.96999.958999.956999.954999.951999.949 6999.94999.937999.934999.93999.926999.923999.919999.915 7999.901999.897999.892999.887999.882999.877999.871999.866 8999.848999.842999.836999.829999.823999.816999.809999.802 9999.781999.773999.765999.758999.75999.742999.734999.725 10999.699999.691999.682999.672999.663999.654999.644999.634 11999.605999.595999.584999.574999.563999.553999.542999.531 12999.497999.486999.474999.462999.45999.439999.426999.414 13999.377999.384999.351999.338999.325999.312999.299999.285 14999.244999.23999.216999.202999.187999.173999.158999.144 15999.099999.084999.069999.053999.038999.022999.006998.991 16998.943998.926998.91998.893998.876998.86998.843998.826 17998.774998.757998.739998.722998.704998.686998.668998.65 18998.595998.576998.557998.539998.52998.501998.482998.463 19998.404998.385998.365998.345998.325998.305998.285998.265 20998.203998.182998.162998.141998.12998.099998.077998.056 21997.991997.97997.948997.926997.904997.882997.859997.837 22997.769997.747997.724997.701997.678997.655997.631997.608 23997.537997.513997.49997.466997.442997.417997.393997.396 24997.295997.27997.246997.221997.195997.17997.145997.12 25997.043997.018996.992996.966996.94996.914996.888996.861 26996.782996.755996.729996.702996.675996.648996.621996.594 27996.511996.484996.456996.428996.401996.373996.344996.316 28996.231996.203996.174996.146996.117996.088996.059996.03 29995.943995.913995.884995.854995.825995.795995.765995.753 30995.645995.615995.584995.554995.523995.493995.462995.431 31995.339995.307995.276995.245995.214995.182995.151995.119 32995.024994.992994.96994.927994.895994.863994.831994.798 33994.7994.667994.635994.602994.569994.535994.502994.469 34994.369994.335994.301994.267994.234994.2994.166994.132 35994.029993.994993.96993.925993.891993.856993.821993.786 36993.681993.646993.61993.575993.54993.504993.469993.433 37993.325993.28993.253993.217993.181993.144993.108993.072 38992.962992.925992.888992.851992.814992.777992.74992.703 39992.591992.553992.516992.478992.44992.402992.364992.326 40992.212 t90(℃)01234567 40992.212991.826991.432991.031990.623990.208989.786987.358 50988.03987.575987.113986.644986.169985.688985.201984.707 60983.191982.673982.15981.621981.086980.546979.999979.448
海拔高度与大气密度和温度间的换算关系 1、根据大气压力和空气密度计算公式，以及空气湿度经验公式，可得出大气压、空气密度、湿度与海拔高度的关系。 注：标准状态下大气压力为1，相对空气密度为1，绝对湿度为11g/m3。 从表中可以看出，海拔高度每升高1000m，相对大气压力大约降低12%，空气密度降低约10%，绝对湿度随海拔高度的升高而降低。 绝对湿度是指每单位容积的气体所含水分的重量，用mg/L或g/m3表示；相对湿度是指绝对湿度与该温度饱和状态水蒸气含量之比用百分数表达。 2、空气温度与海拔高度的关系 在无热源、无遮护的情况下，空气温度随海拔高度的增高而降低。一般研究所采集的温度与海拔高度的关系： 从表中可以看出：空气温度在一般情况下，海拔高度每升高1000m，最高温度会降低5℃，平均温度也会降低5℃。 大气密度（atmosphericdensity） 单位容积的大气质量。 空气密度在标准状况（0℃（273k），101KPa）下为1.293g·L-1。 空气的密度大小与气温等因素有关，我们一般采用的空气密度是指在0摄氏度、绝对标准指标下，密度为1.297千克每立方米(1.297kg/m3). 大气压力随海拔高度而变化,由经验公式P=P0（1-0.02257h）5.256（kPa）式中h一海拔高度（km）.用上面公式,算出压力,然后根据密度=P*29/(8314*T),其中P的单位是帕,T的单位是K,通常也就是273.15+t
不同温度下干空气算公式: 空气密度=1.293(实际压力/标准物理大气压)*(273/实际绝对温度),绝对温度=+273通常情况下, 即30摄氏度时,取1.165KG/M3 -60摄氏度时,取1.65KG/M3
水的密度和焓值表 附录A （标准的附录）水的密度和焓值表 A1 当工作压力≤1.0MPa时，水的密度和焓值应采用表A1。表A1 P=0.6000MPa，温度为1 ℃ —150 ℃ 时水的密度和焓值表 温度（℃）密度 (kg/ m 3 ) 焓 (kJ/kg) 温度 （℃） 密度 (kg/ m 3 ) 焓 (kJ/kg) 温度 （℃） 密度 (kg/ m 3 ) 焓 (kJ/kg) 1 1000. 2 4.7841 51 987.80 214.0 3 101 957.86 423.76 2 1000.2 8.996 3 52 987.33 218.21 102 957.1 4 427.97 3 1000.2 13.206 53 986.87 222.39 103 956.41 432.19 4 1000.2 17.412 54 986.39 226.57 104 955.67 436.41 5 1000.2 21.61 6 55 985.91 230.75 105 954.93 440.63 6 1000.2 25.818 56 985.42 234.94 106 954.19 444.85 7 1000.1 30.018 57 984.93 239.12 107 953.44 449.07 8 1000.1 34.215 58 984.43 243.30 108 952.69 453.30 9 1000.0 38.411 59 983.93 247.48 109 951.93 457.52 10 999.94 42.605 60 983.41 251.67 110 951.17 461.75 11 999.84 46.798 61 982.90 255.85 111 950.40 465.98 12 999.74 50.989 62 982.37 260.04 112 949.63 470.20 13 999.61 55.178 63 981.84 264.22 113 948.86 474.44 14 999.48 59.367 64 981.31 268.41 114 948.08 478.67 15 999.34 63.554 65 980.77 272.59 115 947.29 482.90 16 999.18 67.740 66 980.22 276.78 116 946.51 487.14 17 999.01 71.926 67 979.67 280.97 117 945.71 491.37 18 998.83 76.110 68 979.12 285.15 118 944.92 495.61 19 998.64 80.294 69 978.55 289.34 119 944.11 499.85 20 998.44 84.476 70 977.98 293.53 120 943.31 504.09 21 998.22 88.659 71 977.41 297.72 121 942.50 508.34 22 998.00 92.840 72 976.83 301.91 122 941.68 512.58 23 997.77 97.021 73 976.25 306.10 123 940.86 516.83 24 997.52 101.20 74 975.66 310.29 124 940.04 521.08 25 997.27 105.38 75 975.06 314.48 125 939.21 525.33 26 997.01 109.56 76 974.46 318.68 126 938.38 529.58 27 996.74 113.74 77 973.86 322.87 127 937.54 533.83 28 996.46 117.92 78 973.25 327.06 128 936.70 538.09 29 996.17 122.10 79 972.63 331.26 129 935.86 542.35 30 995.87 126.28 80 972.01 335.45 130 935.01 546.61 31 995.56 130.46 81 971.39 339.65 131 934.15 550.87 32 995.25 134.63 82 970.76 343.85 132 933.29 555.13 33 994.93 138.81 83 970.12 348.04 133 932.43 559.40 34 994.59 142.99 84 969.48 352.24 134 931.56 563.67
附录A （标准的附录）水的密度和焓值表 A1 当工作压力≤1.0MPa时，水的密度和焓值应采用表A1。表A1 P=0.6000MPa，温度为1 ℃ —150 ℃ 时水的密度和焓值表 温度（℃）密度 (kg/m3) 焓 (kJ/kg) 温度 （℃） 密度 (kg/ m3) 焓 (kJ/kg) 温度 （℃） 密度 (kg/ m 3) 焓 (kJ/kg) 1 1000. 2 4.7841 51 987.80 214.0 3 101 957.86 423.76 2 1000.2 8.996 3 52 987.33 218.21 102 957.1 4 427.97 3 1000.2 13.206 53 986.87 222.39 103 956.41 432.19 4 1000.2 17.412 54 986.39 226.57 104 955.67 436.41 5 1000.2 21.61 6 55 985.91 230.75 105 954.93 440.63 6 1000.2 25.818 56 985.42 234.94 106 954.19 444.85 7 1000.1 30.018 57 984.93 239.12 107 953.44 449.07 8 1000.1 34.215 58 984.43 243.30 108 952.69 453.30 9 1000.0 38.411 59 983.93 247.48 109 951.93 457.52 10 999.94 42.605 60 983.41 251.67 110 951.17 461.75 11 999.84 46.798 61 982.90 255.85 111 950.40 465.98 12 999.74 50.989 62 982.37 260.04 112 949.63 470.20 13 999.61 55.178 63 981.84 264.22 113 948.86 474.44 14 999.48 59.367 64 981.31 268.41 114 948.08 478.67 15 999.34 63.554 65 980.77 272.59 115 947.29 482.90 16 999.18 67.740 66 980.22 276.78 116 946.51 487.14 17 999.01 71.926 67 979.67 280.97 117 945.71 491.37 18 998.83 76.110 68 979.12 285.15 118 944.92 495.61 19 998.64 80.294 69 978.55 289.34 119 944.11 499.85 20 998.44 84.476 70 977.98 293.53 120 943.31 504.09 21 998.22 88.659 71 977.41 297.72 121 942.50 508.34 22 998.00 92.840 72 976.83 301.91 122 941.68 512.58 23 997.77 97.021 73 976.25 306.10 123 940.86 516.83 24 997.52 101.20 74 975.66 310.29 124 940.04 521.08 25 997.27 105.38 75 975.06 314.48 125 939.21 525.33 26 997.01 109.56 76 974.46 318.68 126 938.38 529.58 27 996.74 113.74 77 973.86 322.87 127 937.54 533.83 28 996.46 117.92 78 973.25 327.06 128 936.70 538.09 29 996.17 122.10 79 972.63 331.26 129 935.86 542.35 30 995.87 126.28 80 972.01 335.45 130 935.01 546.61 31 995.56 130.46 81 971.39 339.65 131 934.15 550.87 32 995.25 134.63 82 970.76 343.85 132 933.29 555.13 33 994.93 138.81 83 970.12 348.04 133 932.43 559.40 34 994.59 142.99 84 969.48 352.24 134 931.56 563.67 35 994.25 147.17 85 968.84 356.44 135 930.69 567.93 续表A1 36 993.91 151.35 86 968.19 360.64 136 929.81 572.21 37 993.55 155.52 87 967.53 364.84 137 928.93 576.48