任务型读写备考词汇
1.ability (n. )能力；才能---able (a.)---unable (a.)—disability
(n. )—disabled (a.)
be able to= be capable of
2.absence (n. ) 缺席；不在--- absent (a.)---present (a..) – presence (n.)
be absent from; be present at
3.absolute (a.) 绝对的；完全的---absolutely (adv.)
4.abundant (a.) 丰富的；充裕的---abundance (n.) be abundant in
5.academic (a.) 学院的，理论的(n.) 大学教师--- academy (n.) 学院
6.accept (v.) 接受---acceptable (a.) 可接受的- –refuse (opp.) 拒绝
7.access (n.) 通路，入门；（v.）接近；存取---accessible (a.) have access
to
8.accurate (a.) 正确的，精确的--- accuracy (n.) –accurately (adv.)--
(opp.)inaccurate 不准确
9.achieve (v.) 取得，达到--- achievement (n.)
10.acquire (v.) 获得，学到--- acquisition (n.)
11.act (n. ) 法令，条例；（v.）表演；行动---action (n.) –active (a.) 主动
的—inacitve (a.)—actively (adv.)—activity (n. ) 活动--passive (a.) 被动的---actor (n.) – actress (n.)
12.actual (a.) 实际的；现实的–actually (adv.) = as a matter of fact
13.adapt (v.) 使适应；改编---adaptation (n.) ---adaptable (a.) 有适应能
力的
adapt oneself to 适应于; adapt …to 应用于；adapt…(for ath.) from sth. 改编
14.add (v.) 添加，增加; 补充说---addition (n.) --- additional (a.)
–additionally (adv.)
add…to , add to, add up, add up to, add sth. in , in additon (to)
15.addict(n.) 成瘾的人---addicted (a.) –addition (n.) ---addictive (a.)
be addicted to
16.adjust (v.) 调整，使适应---adjustment (n.) --- adjustable (a.)
17.admire (v.) 钦佩，羡慕---admiration (n.) --- admirable (a.)
18.admit (v.) 承认，准许( admitted, admitted) --- admission (n.)
19.adopt (v.) 收养，采用---adoption (n.) --- adopted (a.)
20.advance (v.) 推进，促进；前进（n.）前进，提升—advanced (a.)---
advancement (n.)
21.advantage (n.) 有点；好处---advantageous (a.) ---disadvantage (n.)
take advantage of利用, be to one’s advantage对...有利
22.adventure (n.) 冒险，奇遇--- adventurous (a.)
23.advertise (v.) 为......做广告---advertisement (n.)
24.advise (v.) 建议，劝告----adviser (n.) 顾问，忠告者--- advice (n.) a
piece of advice
25.affect (v.) 影响--- affection (n.) 影响，感情= have an effect on
26.Africa (n.) 非洲--- African (a.) (n.)
27.age (n.) 年纪--- aged (a.)—elderly (a.) 28.agree (v.) 同意--- agreement (n.) --- disagree (opp)—disagreement (n.)
29.agriculture (n.) 农业– agricultural (a.)
30.allow (v.) 准许，允许---allowance (n.) 允许；紧贴，补助
31.amaze (v.)惊奇，震惊--- amazement (n.) ---amazed (a.) –amazed (a.)
to one’s amazement
32.ambition (n.) 抱负，雄心---ambitious (a.)
33.amuse (v.) 使…快乐--- amusement (n.) – amused (a.) --- amusing (a.)
to one’s amusement
34.analyze (v.) 分析--- analysis (n.)
35.anger (n.) 愤怒--- angry (a.)
36.announce (v.) 宣布, 宣告--- announcement (n.) --- announcer (n.)
37.annoy (v.) 使烦恼– annoyed (a.) --- annoying (a.) --- annoyance (n.)
to one’s annoyance
38.annual (a. ) 一年一次的，每年的（n.）年刊--- annually (a.)
39.anxious (a.) 忧虑的，焦急的--- anxiety (n.)
40.apologize (v.) 道歉--- apology (n.) apologize to sb. for sth.; make
an apology to sb. for sth.
41.appear (v.) 出现---appearance (n.) 面貌
42.apply (v.)申请, 应用--- application (n.) 申请表--- applicant (n.)
申请人--- applied (a.) 应用的
43.appoint (v.) 约定，任命– appoinment (n.) -----make an appointment
44.appreciate (v.) 欣赏，感激--- appreciation (n.)
45.approve (v.) 批准，同意--- approval (n.)
46.argue (v.) 争辩，辩论—argument (n.)
47.arrange (v.) 安排--- arrangement (n.)
48.arrive (v.) 到达arrival (n.)
https://www.doczj.com/doc/fb7061691.html, (n.) 亚洲--- Asian (a.) (n.)
50.assess (v.) 评价，估价--- assessment (n.)
51.assist (v.) 帮助，协助--- assistance (n.) 帮助，援助---assistant (n.)
助手，助理
52.associate (v.) 联系，交往--- association (n.) --- associated (a.)
53.assume (v.) 假定，采取--- assumption (n.)
54.astonish (v.) 使惊讶--- astonished (a.) --- astonishing (a.) –
astonishment (n.)
55.astronaut (n.) 宇航员--- astronomy (n.) 天文学--- astronomer (天
文学家)
56.athlete (n.) 运动员--- athletic (a.)
57.attend （v.）参加，照料-- attendance (n.) - -attender (n.)
58.attention (n) 注意，专心--- attentive (a) –attentively (ad v.)
59.attract (v.) 吸引– attraction (n.) --- attractive (a.)
60.aware (a.) 知道的，明白的--- awareness (n.) be aware of
61.bacterium (n.) 细菌---(pl. ) bacteria
62.bad (a.) 坏的--- badly (adv. ) (worse, worst)--- good (a.) – well (a.)
(adv.) (better, best)
63.base(n.) 基地，根据地(v.) 以......为基地-- basic (a.) --- basically
大体上
64.basis (n.) 基础，要素--- (pl.) bases
65.bath (n.) 洗澡，浴室—bathe (v.) – bathroom (n.) --- bathtub (n.) 澡盆
66.bear (v.) 忍受(bore, borne)--- bearable (a.) 可忍受的--- unbearable
(opp.) 不可忍受的
67.beat (v.) 敲打，跳动，打赢(beat, beaten)
68.beautiful (a.) 美丽的--- beauty (n. ) --- beautify (v.)
69.behave (v.) 行为，守规矩--- behavior (n.)
70.belief (n) 信条，信念---（pl.）beliefs-- believe (v.) --- believable (a.)
---(opp.) unbelievable
71.begin (v.) 开始，着手(began, begun)--- beginning (n.)
72.bend v. 使弯曲（bent, bent）be bent on doing
73.benefit n.利益, 好处vt.有益于, 有助于--- beneficial adj.有益的, 受
益的
benefit from / be beneficial to
74.bitter adj.苦的, 痛苦的, 怀恨的---–unpleasant adj不愉快的；讨厌
的
75.boring adj. 无聊的，乏味的(修饰物)—---bored adj.无聊的, 无趣的,
烦人的（用于人）
76.botany n.植物学-------botanical adj.植物学的
77.brave adj.勇敢的---bravery n.勇敢------coward n.懦弱的人, 胆小
的人
78.boycott n./vt.联合抵制, 排斥
79.breath n. 呼吸, 气息-----breathe v.呼吸, 发出----breathless adj.
气喘吁吁的
80.bring vt. 拿来, 带来---brought(分去式)---brought（过去分词）
81.bury vt.埋葬, 掩埋, 隐藏---buried(过去式或过去分词) be buried in
sth 埋头做某事
82.business n.商业, 买卖, 交易, 生意---businessman
----businesswoman
83.calculate v.计算, 考虑, 计划, 打算----calculation n.计算, 考虑
----calculator n.计算机, 计算器
84.calm adj.(天气、海洋等)静的, 平静的, 镇静的, 沉着的v. (使)平静,
(使)镇定, 平息
calmness n.平静, 冷静, 镇静
85.care n.注意, 照料, vi.关心, 顾虑, 照顾, 喜爱vt.在意----careful
----careless
86.catch v.捕获, 赶上(车船等), 发觉, 感染（疾病）---(caught, caught)
87.caution n.小心, 谨慎, 警告vt.警告----cautious adj.
88.celebration n.庆祝, 庆典-----celebrate v.庆祝, 祝贺, 表扬
89.certain adj.确定的, 某一个----certainly adv. -----certainty n.
-----uncertainty n.无常, 不确定
90.challenge n.挑战vt.向...挑战----challenging adj.具有挑战性的
91.change n.改变, 变化, 找回的零钱vt.改变, 变革----changeable adj.
可改变的92.character n. 人物，特点，性格，品质----characteristic n. 特性，特
征
93.chemical adj.化学的n.化学制品, 化学药品----chemist n.化学家, 药
剂师-chemistry n.化学
94.choice n.选择, 抉择, 精选品----choose v.选择, 选定(chose, chosen)
95.cloth n.布, 织物, 衣料------clothes n.衣服, [总称]被褥, 各种衣服
----clothing n.(总称)衣服
96.collect vt. 收集----collection n. 收藏, 征收, 搜集品, 捐款
----collective adj.集体的n.集体
https://www.doczj.com/doc/fb7061691.html,fort n.安慰, 舒适vt.安慰----comfortable adj.舒适的
https://www.doczj.com/doc/fb7061691.html,municate v.沟通, 交流，传达-----communication n.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/fb7061691.html,pete vi.比赛, 竞争----competition n.竞争, 竞赛----competitor n.
竞争者
100.conclude v.作出结论vt.推断-----conclusion n. 结论
101.confident adj.自信的, 确信的----confidence n.信心----confidently adv.信赖地, 安心地
102.conduct n.行为, 操行v.组织, 实施，管理-----conductor n. (乐队)指挥
103. crazy adj.疯狂的----craze n.狂热，疯狂；风行一时的东西；be crazy about, like crazy 104．create vt.创造，产生（syn.）----produce .creative adj ----creation n 创造，创建
creativity n.创造力----creator n.创造者；----create jobs (opportunities, a good image,wealth)
105. crime n.罪犯----commit a crime ----criminal n. 罪犯
106. cross vt.穿过----crossing n.十字路口----crossroads n.交叉路口----at the crossroads
107. crowd n. 人群vt. 拥挤----crowded adj. 拥挤的----crowdedness n.
108. cruel adj. 残忍的，残酷的---be cruel to sb ----cruelly adv.----cruelty n. 残忍
109. culture n.文化---cultural adj. ----cultural difference (shock)-----multi-culture 多元文化
110. cure n&v. 治疗；医好---a cure for cancer ----cure sb of one’s disease/one’s habit
111. curious adj. 好奇的；奇异的--curiosity（about/to do sth）n.好奇心；求知欲staisfy one’s cur iosity 满足好奇心-----out of curiosity 出于好奇
112. cycle vi骑自行车；循环----recycle v.再循环，回收再用----cyclist n.
骑自行车的
113．damage n&vt 毁坏，损害-----do /cause damage to the earth 114. danger n dangerous adj. endanger vt 使……濒临危险----endangered animals 濒危动物be in danger/be at risk/be at stake 处于危险中
115. dead.adj. 死的the dead/living ----death n 死亡----cause many deaths and injuries deadly adj.致命的die v. 死亡dying adj.
垂死的，渴望的be dying for/to do sth
116. decide n.决定decisive adj. 决定性的decision n. make
a decision
117. declare vt.声明；断言--- declaration n. declare declare war on Japan
118. decorate vt.装饰，修饰---- decoration n. be decorated with 119. decline n&v.下降,婉拒I offered to give them a lift but they declined .
120. decrease/increase n&v. 减少/增加--- increase/decrease to/by 20% 121. defend vt. 防守，保卫---defence in defence of 为保护某人为……辩护
122. deliberate adj. deliberately adv.故意地---on purpose/on intenton
123. delight n 快乐；乐事delighted adj. be delighted with/by/at sb/sth take delight in 喜欢，以……为乐delight sb 使某人高兴to one’s delight 使某人高兴的是
124. deliver vt.投递，接生，发表讲话deliver parcels/ a baby/ a speech delivery n.
125. depend vi dependent adj. 依赖的independent adj.独立的independence n.独立
depend on sb be dependent on sb be independent from/of sb
126. deep adj/adv. 深的--deeply adj.深深的-- depth n.深度-- deepen v.加深
far/deep into the night深夜be deeply moved/touch/affected ---Still water runs deep.
127. describe vt.描述，描写description n. give a description of sth 128. design vt.设计n.图案，图样designer 设计师be designed to 设计的目的是，计划是
129. desperate adj.不顾一切的；绝望的---be desperate for/to do sth --- desperation n.绝望
130．destroy vt.破坏，毁坏destroyed buildings 被毁的建筑物destruction n. cause destruction to sth
131. determine vt.决定，决心be determined to do 决心做determination n. 决心
132. develop v. 发展，使发达，开发冲洗（照片）development --- with the development of developing world/developed world --- develop an interest in sth ----develop a new product
133. devote vt.把……奉献于；devote oneself/one’s life/one’s energy/time to sth/doing sth
devotion n.忠心，奉献精神be devoted to sb 挚爱某人，对……全心全意
134．differ vi. differ from sth in … different adj. difference n. --tell the difference between A and B --- make a difference (to) 有影响，改变;
大有作为
135. difficult adj. difficulty n.困难with/without difficulty, have
difficulty (in) doing sth
136. direct adj.直接的--（反）indirect speech ----direct v.指挥，指导，导演
director n. 导演----direaction n.方向in the direction of
137. disable v.使……残疾---disabled adj.残疾的---help the disabled ---disability n.
---The traffic accident disabled him.
138. disappear vi. 消失（反）-- appear ---disappearance n. (反) appearance
139. disagree with sb on/about/over sth ---disagreement ----be in disagreement with
140. disappoint vt.使……失望disappointm ent n. to one’s disappointment
make sb disappointed / be disappointed with/at
141. discover vt.发现discovery n. make a acientific discovery 142. discrimination n.歧视
discriminate vt.歧视，区分discriminate A from B ,discriminate against women 歧视妇女
143. discuss vt discussion n.讨论
144. distance n.距离distant adj.远的，遥远的
keep sb at a distance 疏远某人，与某人保持距离in the distance 在远方
145. distinguish v.辨别distinguish A from B /distinguish between A and B
distinction n 差别；名声
146．distribute v.分布，分配distribution n. 分配distribute sth to /among sb
147. disturb vt.打扰；扰乱Don’t disturb the papers on my desk.
disturbed adj.心神不宁的，心烦意乱的---disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的 a disturbing piece of news.
148. donate v.捐赠donate sth to sb donation n. a donation of 200$ 二百美元的捐款
He donated 10,000$ to the earthquake disaster area.
149. educate v.教育educator 教育者education ---receive a good education
150. effect n.效果，作用effective adj.有效果的affect v. 影响have an effect on ---take effect ---come into effect
151. elect v. election n.选举He was elected president of the USA in 1986.
152. electricity n. 电electric---electric wire 电线adj.电的--- electrical adj. 电气的electrical engineering--- electronic adj. 电子的electronic equipment
153. embarrass v.使……尴尬embarrassed adj. be embarrassed about
embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的，难为情的---embarrassment n.
154. employ v雇佣employer /employee /employment /unemployment 失业
155. encourage v.鼓励encourage sb to do sth / encouragement n. 鼓励/courage 勇气discourage 使……泄气/ discourage sb from doing 劝阻某人不做某事
156. energy n.精力，能量energetic adj. 精力旺盛的be full of energy =be energetic
157. enjoy vt. 欣赏，喜欢；享受……之乐趣enjoy equality (freedom,peace) enjoy doing enjoyable adj.愉快的；有趣的.
enjoyment (n ) Children like to share interests and enjoyments (乐事，令人愉快的事情)with their parents.
158．entertain v.招待，款待；使有兴趣；使快乐entertainment n 娱乐活动
entertaining adj. 有趣的，使人愉快的
159. environment n.环境environmental adj. environmentalist n.
环境学家environmental protection/conservation/preservation 环境保护
160. equal adj.平等的vt. 等于be equal to equally adv.
treat sb equally
equality n. / the principle of equality before the law 法律面前人人平等的原则
161. equip vt.提供设备；装备be equipped with/ Our office is equipped with modern equipment.(UC) equipment n. a piece of equipment 162. escape n./vi. 逃跑；被忘掉escape from being punished (punishment) / a narrow eacape 九死一生an escaped prison 一名逃跑的犯人/ His name escaped me for a moment.我一时想不起他的名字了。
163. Europe n.欧洲European adj.欧洲的 a European 一名欧洲人164．evident adj.明显的evidence n.证据，迹象
The police haven’t found out the convincing evidence.
165. exam(examination) n.考试, 测验-----examine v. 检查, 调查, 考试----examiner n.主考者---examinee n.受审查者, 投考者, 应试者
With the approach of the college entrance examination, I become more anxious and nervous.
166. excellent adj.卓越的, 极好的-----excellence n.优秀, 卓越, 优点, 美德
167. exhibit n.展品Visitors are requested not to touch exhibits in the museum.
exhibition n.展览，展览会There will be an exhibition on next week in the science museum.
exhibit vt. 展览
168．exist vi存在existence n.生存，存在come into existence 开始存在existing adj 现存的，现行的existing laws现行法律Does life exist on other planets?
169. expect vt.预料，盼望；认为expect sb to do Don’t expect too
much from your child. 不要对你的孩子期望太高。I’m expecting your early reply.
expectation n.期望，预期live up to your parents’ expectation.不辜负父母的期望。
170. expense n.消费，支出at his own expense自费. at the expense of sb/sth 在牺牲……情况下，以……为代价spare no expense to do 不惜代价做某事expensive / costly/dear adj.昂贵的
171. explain vt.解释explanation n. 解释，说明
He explained to me the reason why he was late again.
172. explode v.使爆炸explosion n. explosive adj.
173. expose vt.揭露；使面临（危险）Being exposed to the sunlight for a long time is harmful to your skin. ----exposure n.
174. express v. 表达；表示I can’t express myself in English.
expression n.表情，表达，词句--facial expression expressive adj.
富于表情的；有表现力的
175．extend vt延长，扩大，扩展to extend the deadline ---I’m sure you’ll join me in extending a very warm welcome to our visitors.我肯定你们会和我们一起向来访者表示热烈的欢迎。
176．face n.脸vt.面对，面向。---facial adj.-----面部的facial expression 面部表情
Faced with the disaster, we Chinese have showed extraordinary courage and energy.
177. fail v. 失败；不及格；衰退failure n. He failed the exam/in the exam/failed to pass the exam. Failure is the mother of success.
Weight-loss pills caused his liver to failure.
178. familiar adj. 熟悉的familiarity 熟悉，通晓。be familiar to sb/be familiar with sth
179. famous /well known/famed 著名的be world famous for/as/to fame n.名声rise to fame overnight.
180．finance财政，金融financial adj. the financial worries 经济担忧
181. flee v. 逃避, 逃跑, 逃走---fled---fled
182. flexible adj.易曲的, 灵活的,能变形的----flexibility n.弹性, 适应性, 机动性
183. flight n.飞行;飞机的航程; 班机; 楼梯的一段----fly v. (flew, flown) n.苍蝇
184. flow n.流程, 流动, vi.流动, 涌流( flowed, flowed)
185. fluency n.流利, 流畅, 雄辩---fluent adj.
186. fog n. 雾, 烟雾, 尘雾, vi.被雾笼罩, 变模糊vt.使困惑, 以雾笼罩foggy adj.雾深的, 模糊的, 朦胧的
187. fool n. 愚人, 白痴, 莽汉, vt. 愚弄, 欺骗---foolish
188. forsee vt.预见, 预知(foresaw, foreseen)
189. forget vt.忘记, 忽略(forgot, forgot/forgotten) ----forgetful adj.健忘的, 易忘的
190. fortune n.财富, 运气, 好运, 命运---fortunate adj. ----fortunately
adv.
191. found v. 建立, 创立, 创办----- (founded, founded)
192. free adj.自由的, 免费的, 空闲的-----freedom n. ----freely adv. 193. freeze v.(使)结冰, (使)冷冻, 冻结---(froze, frozen) ---freezing adj.冰冻的, 严寒的
194. frequent adj. 时常发生的, 频繁的---frequency n.频率, 周率, 发生次数---frequently adv.
195. friend n. ------friendly adj.友好的, 友谊的---friendship n.友谊, 友好196. fun n. 娱乐, 玩笑, 嬉笑, 有趣的人或事物adj.有趣的，愉快的funny adj.有趣的, 好笑的, 滑稽的, 奇异的, 古怪的
197. general adj.一般的, 普通的, 综合的, 概括的, 全面的, 大体的----generally adv.
198. glory n.荣誉, 光荣---glorious adj.光荣的, 显赫的
199. gold n.黄金, 金币adj.金的, 金制的----golden adj.金色的, 金黄色的
200. govern v. 统治, 支配, 管理----governor n.统治者, 管理者---government n.政府
201. gradual adj.逐渐的, 逐步的----gradually adv.
202. graduate n.(大学)毕业生, 研究生v.(使)(大学)毕业----graduation n. 203. grateful adj.感激的, 感谢的----gratitude n.感谢的心情(不可数) 204. greedy adj.贪吃的, 贪婪的, 渴望的----greed n.贪欲, 贪婪----be greedy for sth
205. greet vt.问候, 向...致意------greeting n. 问候；致意-----to offer greetings to sb. 向某人致意
206. grow vi.生长, 成长, 渐渐变得, 增长, 增高vt. 种植-----(grew, grown)-----growth n.
207. guide n .领路人, 导游者vt. 指导, 支配, 管理, 带领
guidance n.指导, 领导---under the guidance of sb
208. happy adj.快乐的, 幸福的-----happiness n. -----happily adv.
209. hard adj.硬的, 坚固的adv.努力地, 辛苦地-----hardship n. 困苦, 艰难, 辛苦
210. harm vt.伤害, 损害n.伤害, 损害-----harmful adj. (be harmful to) 211. harmony n. 和谐，协调, 融洽----harmonious adj. 和谐的, 协调的, 和睦的
212. hate vt.憎恨, 恨, 不愿, 不喜欢n.憎恶, 憎恨-------hateful adj.可恨的, 讨厌的, 可恶的
213. health n.健康，卫生-----(in good health)-----healthy adj.
214. high adj.高的-----height n. 高度----highly adv.高度地
215. help n.帮忙vt.帮助, 助长------helpful adj. ---helpfully adv.---helpless adj.无助的, 无能的, 没用的
216. hesitate v.犹豫, 踌躇, 不愿----hesitation n.犹豫, 踌躇---(without hesitation)
217. hide vt.隐藏, 掩藏, 隐瞒, 掩饰-----(hid---hidden)
218. hire vt.租用，租; 雇用，雇(hired, hiring) hire out 出租rent (v.)租, 租借, 出租n.租金Why don't you hire out your spare room to other people?
你为什么不把空闲的房间租给别人?
219. hit n.打击, 打, 碰撞; vt.打, 打击, 碰撞, 击中, 袭击(hit, hit)----strike
220. honest adj.诚实的, 正直的----honesty n.诚实, 正直----dishonest adj.不诚实的
221. hope n.希望, 信心v.希望, 盼望(hoped, hoping) ----hopeful adj.怀有希望的, 有希望的
hopeless adj.没有希望的, 绝望的, 不可救药---with the hope of 222. horrible adj.可怕的, 恐怖的, 讨厌的----horror n.-----horribly adv.可怕地, 非常地
223. humorous adj.富幽默感的, 滑稽的, 诙谐的----humor n. 幽默, 心情, 诙谐
---humorously adv.
224. hunger n.饥饿, 欲望, 渴望v.饥饿----hungry adj. -----a hunger for kindness 渴望得到恩惠(hunger 作名词)------hunger for friends 极想有朋友（hunger作动词）
225. hunt (hunt, hunt) v.打猎, 搜寻n.打猎, 搜寻
226. identity n. 身份，特性----identification n. 身份证明，识别identify vt.识别, 鉴别, 把... 和...看成一样
227. imagine vt.想象, 设想----imagination n.想象, 空想, 想象的事物, 想象力
imaginative adj.想象的, 虚构的
228. impossible adj.不可能的-----possible adj.可能的----possibility n.可能性, 可能发生的事物
229. impress vt. 印, 盖印, 留下印象----impression n. 印象, 感想-----make an impression on sb
230. improve v.改善, 改进-----improvement n. 改进, 进步----make an improvement改进
231. independent adj.独立自主的, 不受约束的-----independence n.独立, 自主----dependent adj.
依靠的, 依赖的----dependence n.依靠, 依赖, 信任, 信赖
232. injure vt.损害, 伤害-----injury n.伤害, 侮辱----to suffer injuries to the head 头部受伤
233. innocent adj.(～of) 清白的, 无罪的, 天真的, 无知的-----innocence n.清白
234. inspect vt.检查, 视察----inspection n.检查, 视察
235. insure vt.给...保险----insurance n.保险, 保险单, 保险业, 保险费236. intelligence n.智力, 聪明, 智能-----intelligent adj.聪明的, 伶俐的, 有才智的
237. invent vt.发明, 创造----invention n.
238. invite vt.邀请, 引起----invitation n. -----accept [decline] an invitation 接受[拒绝]邀请
at the invitation of sb. 应某人邀请
239. judge n.法官, 审判员, 裁判员vt.审理, 鉴定, 判断----judgement n.
审判, 判决, 判断力
240. just adj.正义的, 公正的------justice n.正义, 正当, 公平(adv.正好, 仅仅, 刚才)
241. last adj 最后的反义词first（无比较级和最高级）the last man to arrive；刚过去的in the last few years; 最不可能的He is the last man to tell a lie.----lastly 最后（一点）
lasting adj 持久的，永恒的a lasting intereste in art
https://www.doczj.com/doc/fb7061691.html,te a. 迟的，晚的反义词early ----be late for school 靠后一点的in one’s late fifties
2 days later （单独使用）后来，以后sooner or later 迟早
latest: 最晚, 最新的，最近的the latest news from the front ---- lately adv: 近来，最近
243. laugh v. 笑，大笑----n.笑声have a good laugh over sth 对……大笑了一番----n laughter：
burst into laughter 爆发出笑声
244. law n. 法律obey/break the law 定律the laws of a game lawful adj =legal 合法的，法定的----illegal 不合法的----lawyer n. 律师
https://www.doczj.com/doc/fb7061691.html,y－laid－laid摆；搁；放lay the table；lay down
https://www.doczj.com/doc/fb7061691.html,zy adj. 懒的，偷懒的;令人懒洋洋的----a lazy afternoon; 缓慢的----a lazy river
----lazily adv. ----laziness n. U
247.lie―lay―lain v. 平躺，卧；位于；躺下；在于；
lie－lied－lied说谎n 谎言，假话――tell a lie
248 . light n. 光；光线；日光，白昼in (the) light of按照，根据，考虑到throw light on阐明，lighten vt.减轻负担；使愉快；照亮，弄亮；使明亮lighting n点火，照明；光线，采光
249. likely adj 很可能的，可期待的It is likey that she’ll win the match.
adv.或许, 很可能(多用于most,very 之后)
250. live adj. 活的, a live animal生动的, 精力充沛的, 实况转播的, 点燃的
lively adj.活泼的, 活跃的, 栩栩如生的, 真实的
living adj.活的, 起作用的, 逼真的, 现存的
251. long adj. 长的, 长期的, , 高的---vi.渴望, 热望----adv.长期地, 始终
length n.长度, 长, 时间的长短----lengthen v.延长, (使)变长----lengthened n. 加长的
252. luck n运气,命运；好运;幸运; 吉祥物
lucky adj幸运的,好运的---- luckily adv. 幸运地;幸好----unluckily 不幸地;倒霉地
253. magic n.[U]魔法,巫术；魔术,戏法；神奇的力量,魔力,魅力adj.巫术的;魔术的；有魔力的,不可思议的---magician n 魔术师；术士,巫师
254. major n.<美>主修课,adj.主修的, 主要的vi.主修-----majority n.多数, 大半255. manage vi.处理, 应付过去----manager n.经理, 管理人员, 管理器management n.经营, 管理, 处理, 操纵
256. marry vt娶, 嫁, 和...结婚――marriage n.结婚，婚姻married adj.已婚的, 婚姻的a newly married couple一对新婚夫妇257. mean adj.低劣的, 卑鄙的, , 吝啬的---be meant to do 照道理[照规矩]应该
You don't mean to say so! 你不是这个意思吧! 真的吗?
mean much [a great deal] to sb. 对某人很重要; 对某人很可贵
meaning n. 意义, 意图----meaningful adj.意味深长的----meaningless adj没有意思的，无意义的
258. medical adj.医学的, 内科的, (医)药的――medical care---medicine n 药, 医学, 内科学
259.memory n.记忆, 记忆力, 回忆, 存储(器),内存――in memory of-----memorize vt.
260. mistake n.错误, 过失v弄错, 误解, 把...误认为----mistaken adj.犯错的, 错误的
261. mobile adj.可移动的, 易变的, 机动的--mobile library 流动图书馆mobile phone 手提电话，手机-----mobility n活动性, 灵活性, 迁移率, 机动性
262.motivation n. 动机motivate vt激发motivated adj 有根据的, 有动机的,由...推动的
263. move .v移动, 搬家--movement n 运动, 动作----moving / moved adj 感动的动人的
264. music n 音乐, 乐曲――musical adj音乐的, 悦耳的；音乐喜剧――musician n 音乐家
265. nature n.自然, 自然界, 本性, 天性
in nature 性质上; 实际上, 事实上----natural adj.自然的, 自然界的; 天生的, 天赋的
naturally adv自然地;天生地;不用人工地
266. necessary a.必要的, 必需的, 必然----necessarily adv.必要地----necessity n.必要性, 需要,必需品
267. negotiate v. (与某人)商议, 谈判, 磋商,
negotiation n．[常用复]谈判, 磋商；---carry on negotiation with sb. 与某人进行谈判
268. occcupy vt.占, 占用, 占领, 占据----be occupied in 正在(做某事) occupy oneself with 从事于..., 忙于..., 专心于... ---occupy oneself in 从事于..., 忙于..., 专心于-----occupation n.职业, 占有, 占有(房屋等)
269.own adj.自己的, 特有的, ---on one’s own.独自-----vt拥有, 自认, 承认
owner n. 所有者, 业主----ownership n.所有权, 物主身份
270.participate(参加) /v.----participation /n.
271. particular(尤其) /adj.---particularly adv. be particular about 272. patience（耐心）/n.---patient /n/adj.—patiently /adv
273.peace（和平）/n.---peaceful /adj.
274. perform（表演）/v.---performer /n.---performance /n
275. permit（允许）v.---permit /n.---permission /n.---permitting
276. person/n（个人）--- personal/adj.----personally /dav---personality 277. persuade（说服）/v----persuasive/ adj
278. phenomenon（现象）/----phenomena(复数)
279. physics /n(物理)---physician /n ---physist---physical
280. pleasant（高兴的）/adj.---please /adj----pleased --/adj---pleasing /adj---pleasure /n.
281. poison(毒品) /n ----poisonous
282. politics（政治）/n ----political /adj---politician /n.
283. poll ute（污染）/v.---pollution /n
284. possess（拥有）/v.----possession /n
285. possible（可能的）/adj----possibly /adv----possibility /n
286. practice（实践）/n-----practise /v----practical /adj
287. prefer（更喜欢）/v.------preference /n
288. present（礼物/出席）/n/v----presentation
289. probable（可能的）/adj----probably /adj
290. pronounce（发音）/v----pronunciation /n
291. protect（保护）/v ---protection /n
292. punish（惩罚）/v----punishment /n
293. real（真正的）/adj---really/adv---reality /n
294. receive（接收）/v----receiver---reception---receptionist
295. regular (有规律的)-/adj---regularly /adv---regulation /n
296. relate(相关) /v—relation /n---relationship /n
297. rely(信赖) /v---reliable /adj
298. refer(参考) /v----reference /n
299. religion (宗教)./n---religious /adj
300. require (需求)/v------requirement /n
301. reserve()/ n/v-----reservation /n
302. retire (退休) v---retirement /v
303. resist（抵制）/v----resistance /n
304. respond（回应/响应）/v----responsible /adj（责任）---responsibility /v
305. review（复习/修订）/v----revision /n
306. revolute (革命)/v ---revolution /n
307. rush v.& n急忙，冲促，催促，冲.rush hour(上下班)交通拥挤时刻；rush for 冲向；rush sb/sth to 使某人急速去
308. sad adj.sadly adv.sadness n;同义词unhappy, upset; 反义词happy 309. safe adj安全safely adv.safety n.同义词secure,security (反)-dangerous,danger; safe n..（柜）
310. sale n.sell vt ; for sale待售；on sale出售上市，廉价出售salesman pl.salesmen saleswoman, pl. saleswomen
311. salt n salty adj
312. sand [U]沙（子）pl sands沙滩
313. satisfy vt.使满意satisfactory adj令人满意的satisfied（感到）满
意的adj.
satisfying adj令人满意的satisfaction n满意; be satisfied with…, far from satisfactory远远不能令人满意；satisfy(meet) sb’s demand 满足某人的要求
314. scene n. (戏剧电影)一场，场景scenery景色，风景
315. scholar n. 学者scholarship n奖学金
316. science n. scientific adj. scientist n.
317. second n.第二，秒;second only to仅此于
318. secretary n秘书，书记general secretary 总书记secretary general 秘书长
secret n秘密discover a secret发现秘密;keep a secret保守秘密; let out the secret泄露秘密;
319. self–selves—selfish---unselfish无私的—unselfishness--selfless无私的self-confident自信的
320. sense n.感官，官能，感觉，意义sensitive敏感的sense of sight(touch,smell,hearing,taste)
a sense of duty make sense 讲得通，有意义make sense of 弄懂321. separate vt..使分开；a. 单独的，分开的separate…from 把…和…分开
322. serve vt. 招待，服务；serve as 充当，担任;Serve the people heart and soul.全心全意为人民服务；service n. 效劳，服务，服伺，招待；at sb’s service 听候某人吩咐
323. settle vi 安顿，定居，解决；settlement n. settler n.移居者settle in 安顿下来
324. shake v.,--shook,---shaken
325. shame n.羞愧，耻辱shameful adj.可耻的
326. share n.一份；股票（=stock）buy shares 买股票；share capital股本;
share dealing股票交易；share markets股票市场; share vt.共享，共用share a room(an umbrella)合用一间房（一把雨伞）
327. sheep (pl.sheep)
328. sight n.视力，视觉in sight 看得见，out of sight看不见；catch sight of 瞥见；
sightseeing n.观光，游览go sightseeing去观光---nearsighted adj.近视的
329. silent adj无声的a silent film;silence n寂静in silence 默不作声keep silent沉默不语,不吭声；keep silence 持安静. Please be silent.
请肃静。
330. simple adj.简单的；simplify v使简单化
331. sink vi (sank,sunk)下沉
332. skill n.技能，技巧；skillful adj熟练的
333. sleep n.vi. slept, slept; have a good(sound) sleep睡的很熟；go to bed 去睡觉;go to sleep就寝，入睡；feel sleepy打瞌睡
334. snow n. snowy adj下雪的
335. sorry adj. sorrow n 悲痛，悲伤The whole nation was in deep sorrow at the bad news.
336. south n southern adj. southeast southwest
337. speak,---spoke--- spoken;---speaker,---speech n,--make a speech发表演说
338. spend –spent--- spent
339. starve vi ---starvation n.饿死
340. statue雕塑；status身份，地位
341. steel钢；--steal偷–stole--- stolen
342. steep adj.陡峭的; step 台阶，跨步; step by step 逐步的；take steps 采取步骤
343. stomach n胃，肚子(pl.stomachs ) on one’s stomach俯卧
344. strength n.力气，力量；strengthen vt加强，增强strong adj.强壮的，坚固的
345. succeed,---successs, ---successful ---successfully
a great success圆满成功;Wish you success; 祝您成功！May you succeed。祝您成功！
346. sudden all of a sudden; suddenly
347. suggest,---suggestion; suggested answer参考答案
348. suffer --- suffering----suffer from
349. summarize ；summary
350. survival n.幸存，；survive vt.生存---survivor n. 幸存者
351. surround vt.围绕，包围；surrounding adj 周围的；surroundings n 周围的环境
352. taste v.品尝，尝起来tasty adj.可口的= delicious
353. tear n.眼泪v撕，扯in tears 眼泪汪汪be tearful adj.含泪的354. teenage a. teenager n.
355. temporary a. temporarily adv
356. tense a. tension n.
357. thank n. & vt. thanks n. thankful adj.
358. theory n. theoretical a.
359. think v. thinking n. thought n.
360. thirst n. thirsty a.
361. tire vt. tired a. tiredness n. tiresome adj. adj.无聊的, 烦人的362. tight a. tightly adv.
363. tooth (teeth pl. toothache toothbrush toothpaste)
364. tradition n. traditional a.
365. train v. training n.
366. translate vt. translation n. translator n.
367. true a. truly adv. truth n.
368. type vt. (typewriter n.打字机typist n.打字员typical a.典型的) 369. unbelievable a. believable a. believe v. belief n beliefs n. 370. uncertain a. uncertainty n.
371. uncomfortable a. comfortable a. comfort n.&v
372. unconditional a. conditional a. condition n.
373. undertake (undertook ,undertaken)
374. unemployment n. employment n. employ vt employer n. employee n.
375. universe n. universal a.
376. unwilling a. willing a. willingness n. willingly adv. 377. urgent a. urge vt.
378. value n. valuable a
379. variety n. various a.
380. visit vt.&n. visitor n.
381. volunteer n. voluntary a.
382. waiter n. waitress n.
383. warm vt.&a. warmth n.
384. weak a. weakness n. weaken ve.
385. wealth n. wealthy a.
386. week n. weekly a. / yearly a. daily a.
387. weigh v. weight n.
388. west a. n. adv. western a. westerner n.
389. win (won, won) winning winner
390. wise a. wisdom n.
391. wood n. woods n. wooden a.
392. worry vt.&n worried a.
393. worthy( be worthy to be done, be worthy of being done) 394. write (wrote, written ) writing
395. young a. youth n. youthful adj. 年轻的, 有青春活力的
任务型阅读常用词汇词性转换 动词变名词 1.v+ ment 结尾 achieve---achievement 成就 advertise--- advertisement// advertising agree— agreement apartment 公寓 amusement 娱乐 argue---argument争吵 commit奉献—commitment develop---development disgree—disagreement department 局，部 experiment 实验，试验 equip 装备---equipment 装备，器材 govern 统治—government 政府 manage---management 经营管理 2．V+ tion 结尾 admit 承认—admis sion attract吸引—attraction 有吸引力的事或人；令人向往的地方conclude—conclusion 结论 compete—competition 竞争，比赛 discuss—discussion 讨论 educate-----education decide----decision describe—description描写，描绘 express 表达----expression 词语；表达方式 graduate 毕业—graduation operate 操作，动手术—operation organize----organization imagine—imagination 想象力 introduce—introduction 介绍 instruct—instruction 指导，介绍 invent—inventor / invention invite—invitation pollute----pollution 污染 predict---prediction 预言 pronounce ---pronunciation impress 给人印象—impression 印象 permit 允许-----permission suggest-建议，暗示--suggestion solve解决-----solution 解决方法 3．V+ ance 结尾
训练四 1 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填人最恰当的单词。 This year, about 2300 teenagers from all over the world will spend about 10 months in US homes. At the same time about 1300 American teenagers will go to other countries to learn new languages and learn the rest of the world. Here is a 2-way student exchange in action. Fred ,19,spent last year in Germany with George’s family .In turn , George’s son Mike spent a year in Fred’s home in American. Fred ,a lively young man ,knew little German when he arrived. But after 2 months of studying ,the language become easy for him. School was completely different from what he had expected and it was much harder. Students rose respectfully when the teacher entered the room. They took 14subjects instead of 6 that were usually taken in the US. Family life, too, was different. The father’s word was the law. All the activities were done with the family rather than individually. Fred found the food to be too simple at first. He also missed having a car. “Back home, you pick up some friends in a car and go out to have a good time. In Germany, you walk but you soon learn to like it.” At the same time, in America, Mike, a friendly German boy, was also forming his own ideas. “I suppose I should criticize American schools,” he says, ”It is far too easy for our level but I have to say that I like it a lot. In Germany, we do nothing but study. Here we take part in many activities . I think that maybe American schools are better than in training their citizens. There ough t to be some middle ground between the two.” 2 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填人最恰当的单词。 The family sphere(范围) used to be defined by its isolation from the public realm. There was the public male realm（领域）of "rational accomplishment" and cruel competition, and the private female and child-rearing sphere of home, intuition（直觉）and emotion. The private realm was supposed to be isolated from the realities of adult life. For both better and worse, television and other electronic media tend to break down the difference between those two worlds. The membrane around the family sphere is much more permeable(可渗透的). TV takes public events
读写任务型写作,主要有两种writing styles,即:读记叙文写议论文:读议论文写记叙文。整篇文章由转述+表述(己述)构成,它充分展示考生的概括能力和语言能力. I.请阅读下面段落,概括全篇,并找出与之搭配的概括技巧。 Skill 1:Omit(省略) the details Skill 2 : Omit the repetitions Skill 3: Omit the example Skill 4:Use general(概括性) words instead of specific(具体的) words Skill 5:Put the main points of a dialogue in indirect speech 1.You can think of a way to manage your temper. Here are the tips: 1)We should try to calm down and figure out what we are really upset about. 2)Keep a diary. It can help you understand more about yourself and your feelings. 3)We can try to talk with our best friends to release stressful emotions. 概括:_______________________________________________________________ 2. Nowadays more and more teenagers try to be more independent from their parents and sometimes become very rebellious. They always want to wear long and strange hair style, which their parents complain about a lot. They also spend too much time on the Internet and playing computer games. 概括:_______________________________________________________________ 3. Kate looked at Paul disapprovingly, ―You put too much salt on your food, Paul. It’s not at all good for you!‖ Paul put down his knife and frowned, ‖Why on earth not! If you didn’t have salt on your food it would taste awful…like eating wood or sand…just imagine bread without salt in it 概括:________________________________________________________________ 4. She bought a lot of vegetables such as cabbage, carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes, potatoes and some eggs. She intended to invite all his friends for her birthday party at the weekend. 概括:__________________________________________________________________ Suggested answer: 1. Skill 3;There are many tips for you to manage your temper as follows. 2.Skill 1;Nowadays there is an increasing tendency that more and more teenagers try to behave independently and differently. 3.Skill 5;Kate asked Paul not to use too much salt on his food and told him many advantages of it. 4.Skill 4;To hold her birthday party at the weekend, she bought a lot of vegetables. II.请阅读下面文章,用30 个词左右概括全篇内容。 1. Advertising can be a service to customers. This is true when ads give reliable information about the goods advertised. Such information is needed if the customer is to make a wise choice when he buys something. It is useful because it can help the customer know more about the kinds of goods available in the shops. Printed ads do this job best. Customers can collect them and compare them. They can be used to check against the actual goods in the shops. Some ads are not very useful to the customers. Instead of helping the customer to satisfy his real needs, they set out to make him want unnecessary things by doing ads cleverly. The people who produce them understand our weakness. They set out to make us believe that what they advertise will make us cleverer, prettier, more handsome, if only we use it .For example, the voice on TV says, ―By using our SKII, it makes your skin crystal.‖ The screen shows a series of pictures
教师学科教案[ 20 – 20 学年度第__学期] 任教学科：_____________ 任教年级：_____________ 任教老师：_____________ xx市实验学校
Teaching Plan on English Writing (17) TOPIC: 读写任务------ 如何举例子 TEACHING GOAL: 1.Help Students know how to give examples 2.Make Students practice the writing skills in writing assignments TEACHING PROCEDURES: Step 1: Greeting Step 2: Lead-in Show some date about the increasing phenomenon of on-line shopping. And then ask students to show us examples to prove the opinion. Later, Discuss in groups and then share in front of the class. 主题: 网购 Shopping on the Internet is becoming very popular. People can shop for a variety of products on it. For example, on the Internet, people can buy various physical products like books, CDs, clothes, etc. They can also buy information products such as online news and stories at the same time. They can download computer softwares from the Internet. What’s more, services such as booking airline tickets or hotel rooms are also available on the Internet. Internet shopping has many advantages, of which the most obvious one is convenience, for the online shops are open 24 hours a day. It is
任务型阅读归纳类常用词汇 话题：topic主题：theme定义：definition 原因：reason (for) , cause (of)后果，结果result; consequence 异同点：difference , similarity；功能：function 优缺点advantage/benefit , disadvantage;strengths and weaknesses 观点与态度：opinion , view (on/about) , viewpoint , idea；attitude to/towards 评论、评价：comment (on) , remark (on/upon) , assessment 解决问题的方法/措施：means of doing sth ;way to do sth; method (of) doing sth ;a solution to sth ; an approach ( to doing sth. );take measures to do sth.目的：purpose , aim , goal 积极和消极：positive ,negative; optimistic建议：advice [u] , suggestion , tip概括、总结:summary , conclusion特点：feature , characteristic种类：kind , type , category , class 精神上与身体上：mentally and physically影响：influence , impact , effect (on )当前情形，状况: present situation;current situation 建立：build , create , establish , found 出现：appear, occur(occurred)实现/完成：reach , realize , accomplish必要，必需: must /necessity方面，项目条款：item / aspect 材料: materials知识消息：knowledge / information日程计划: schedule / agenda百分比：percentage 性别:sex年龄：age成绩，成就achievement 满意:satisfaction忧虑，担忧，焦灼: concern (不)熟悉:familiar /unfamiliar个人，个人的: individual
2015届高考高三英语二轮训练：任务型读写（3） 任务型读写 Time，a faithful company of our life，is a universal topic.People are always curious about what it is，how it travels and who it meets. Stephen Hawking，one of the world’s smartest physicists，once said，“I’m fascinat ed by time.” Many of us are，and the popularity of time travel novels，movies and TV series has proved that.After Palace and Startling by Each Step achieved astonishing ratings last year，Palace 2 aired on January 20，attracting time travel fans back to TV. Wo ody Allen’s movie Midnight in Paris achieved great success.It was nominated for Best Picture，Directing，Original Screenplay and Art Direction for the 2012 Academy Awards. Dream of heroism Time travel TV series and movies connect both today and the past，thus offering room for imagination.Imagination creates a chance for the young to fulfill a dream that is hard to achieve in reality. Chinese writer Xi Juan is a pioneer of time travel stories in China.In 1993 she published a love story about a young woman time traveling to ancient times.The leading role’s modern personality and perception of love help her win the heart of a cool，handsome martial art master.Such a plot satisfies female fans’ love fantasy. Starting from the late 1990s，novels about men traveling back to the past prevailed(盛行)，with A Step into the Past as the most popular example.In these stories，the male leading roles accomplish great things with their modern skills and wisdom. It is usually “a dream of heroism comes true”，along with enviable romances. Eye candy “I’m hooked by the shows because they are characterized by dramatic and poetic love and have eye-pleasing actors，” Xia Xiaoyan，who works for a foreign-owned enterprise in Shanghai，explained her love for time travel TV series. Her comment echoes a 2011 survey by Great Marketing Research Co.Ltd in China.When asked about what is so appealing about time travel TV series,21 percent of respondents answered，“These attractive characters.” A bigger reason behind the popularity of time travel stories，however，is the relaxation they offer，according to the survey. Cai Yinong agrees.“Many people are facing tremendous pressure in their fast-paced lives，so this genre is more relaxing than other shows as it provides people with a terrific outlet to escape reality，” Cai told China Daily. Cultural homesickness “Which dynasty would you like to live in if you could travel to the past？” asked
2009年高考英语作文专项训练：任务型写作（7） 1. 读写任务（25分） 阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 （写作任务） 1. 概括短文内容，30词左右。 2. 就"学生是否该做兼职"发表看法，包括以下内容要点。120词左右。 （1）列举现实生活中学生做兼职的情况。 （2）分析学生做兼职的原因： a）兼职可以帮助解决贫困家庭孩子经济问题。 b）可以丰富学生的社会经验。 c）可以学以致用。 3. 你对兼职的看法，并说明理由。 （阅读材料） Billy and his part-time job Billy is 14 years old and in his the ninth grade. He has a part-time job which gets him up every morning at 5 o'clock. He is a newspaper delivery boy. In the winter it is still dark when he gets up, but during the rest of the year it is light. Bill must deliver the newspapers to the houses of the people on his route in all kinds of weather. He tries to put each paper on the porch where it will be protected from wind and rain of snow. All his customers think he does a good job. Billy earns about $ 70 per month, and he is earning some of the money to go to college. He spends the rest on records and clothes. Once a month, he has to collect money from his customers. Since many of them work during the day, Billy has to collect the money in the evening. Sometimes, when Billy is ill, his brother has to deliver the newspapers. Once, his father has to help. Billy has 70 customers now, but he hops to get more soon. Some day, if he gets more customers, Billy might win a prize for being an outstanding newspaper boy. He wants to win a trip to Europe, but he will still be happy if he only wins a new bicycle.
任务型读写专练 A Aristotle once wrote that “happiness is a state of activity”．In other words，whether you’re seeking life-long satisfaction or a few moments of good cheer，you’ve got to move forward.We’ve interviewed the experts and found five steps to take toward a sunny mood(心情)： Over a 30-year period，University of Illinois researchers asked nearly 120,000 people how income，education，political participation，volunteer activities and close relationships affected their happiness.Reported Ne w s w eek’s Sharon Begley on the findings，“The highest levels of happiness are found with the most stable and satisfying relationships.” Singing aloud，talking to a stranger，raising your hand: all may increase a feeling of happiness，according to a study from Wake Forest University.Participants(参与者) followed the development of their moods for two weeks and reported feeling happier when they were more outgoing and less happy when reserved or withdrawn. The editors of https://www.doczj.com/doc/fb7061691.html, gave $5 or $20 to 46 strangers by chance.Half the group was told to spend the money on themselves，while the other half was told to spend it on others.Those who’d shared the wealth felt much happier at the end of the day than those who’d spent it on themselves.There was no difference in happiness between those who spent $5 or $20，suggesting that it’s not how much money you spend，but how you spend it，that inspires the spirit. Studies from the Positive Psychology Center showed that discouraged people who wrote down three good things that happened to them each day for six months reported an improved attitude. Drinking water really can help keep you cheerful.A small 2012 study from the University of Connecticut suggested that even slight dehydration(脱水) affected the moods of its female participants.
任务型写作篇章结构 (1)标题。(有时不一定要求拟标题) (2)第一段：用一两句话概括所给短文内容要点，约30词。建议控制在25-35词之间。 (3)第二段： 议论文——过渡词引出主题句——自己的观点——例证，约100同。 记叙文一一过渡词+与阅读文章主题相同但情节不同的故事，约100词。 (4)第三段：即总结句，套语配名言来进行点题，要前后呼应，三位一体，约30词。 以上结构模式仅供参考，下列两点却是非常重要的： (1)概括一般单独一自然段； (2)发表看法或议论时，依照试题所给内容要点木身的顺序，原则上每个要点单独写一个自然段，这 不但保证写作内容覆盖所有写作点，而且层次清晰，让阅卷老师一目了然；若其中两条逻辑关系特别紧密，也可用一个自然段来表达。 任务型写作模板 The passage mainly tells us about. It talks about and , which is. As far as I am concerned, I think that . B ecause. Take myself for example, I experienced such a thing that many years ago, 1 . As the old saying goes, “In a word, we should and . （每段有主题句，整篇要有中心思想，忌各段“各白为政”。） 概括的形式：“主题句+支撑句”即“主题+主题的什么”。 文体主题句支撑句 议论文文章论点(一句)文章论据(两三句) 记叙文故事的写作目的/主题(一句)故事大意(两三句) 说明文说明的对象/观点/现象解释/分述 tart舰 阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed. When a person does a certain thing again and again, he is driven by some unseen force to do the same thing repeatedly, and then a habit is formed. Once a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes impossible to get rid of. It is therefore very important that we should pay great attention to the formation of habits. Children often form bad habits, some of which remain with them as long as they live. Older persons also form bad habits lasting as long as they live, and sometimes become ruined by them. There are other habits which, when formed in early life, are of great help. Many successful men say that much of their success has something to do with certain habits in early life, such as early rising and honesty. Among the habits which children should not form are laziness, telling lies, stealing, copying homework, disliking hard work, hating cooperating with others, wasting, smoking and so on, which are all easily formed habits. We should keep away from all these bad habits, and try to form such habits as will be good for ourselves and others. 【写作内容】
第二节：读写任务（共1小题，满分25分） 阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文 What Is Anger? We all know what anger is, and we’ll all felt it; whether as a fleeting(短暂的) annoyance or as full-fledged rage (盛怒). Anger is a completely normal, usually healthy, human emotion. But when it gets out of control and turns destructive(破坏性的), it can lead to problems at work, in your personal relationships, and in the overall quality of your life. And it can make you feel as though you’re at the mercy of an unpredictable and powerful emotion. Ange r is “an emotional state the varies in intensity(强度) from mild irritation to intense fury(愤怒) and rage(恼怒),” according to Charles PhD, a psychologist who specializes in the study of anger. Like other emotions, it is accompanied by physiological and billogical changes; when you get angry, your heart rate and blood pressure go up, as do the levels of your energy hormones, adrenalin（肾上腺素）, and nor adrenalin（降肾上腺素）. Anger can be caused by both external(外部的) and internal (内部的) events. You could be angry at a specific person (such as a coworker or supervisor) or event ( a traffic jam, a canceled flight), or your anger could be caused by worrying or brooding (沉思) about your personal problems. Memories of traumatic (创伤的) or enraging events can also trigger angry feelings. 【写作内容】 1. 概括短文的内容要点,该部分的字数大约为30词左右； 2. 就“How to deal with anger?”这个主题发表你的看法，至少包含以下的内容要点，该部分的字数大约120词左右； （a）表述许多人容易生气及其危害； （b）如何有效地控制或减轻愤怒情绪。 【写作要求】 你可以使用实例或其它论述方法支持你的观点,也可以参照阅读材料的内容,但不要抄袭阅读材料中的句子。 读写任务 The passage tells us what anger is. It may have positive or negative influence on humans.
任务型阅读常用词汇及词组转换 1. 归纳类常用词汇： 原因和结果：reason (for) , result; cause (of) , effect; consequence 异同点与优缺点：difference , similarity；advantage/benefit , disadvantage 功能：function 观点与态度：opinion , view (on/about) , viewpoint , idea ；attitude to/towards 评论、评价：comment (on) , remark (on/upon) , assessment 表方式、方法：means , way , method (of) ; solution , approach ( to doing sth. ); take measures to do sth. 目的：purpose , aim , goal 积极和消极：positive ,negative; optimistic 建议：advice [u] , suggestion , tip 概括、总结: summary , conclusion 特点：feature , characteristic 种类：kind , type , category , class 精神上与身体上：mentally，physically 影响：influence , impact , effect (on ) 情形，状况situation，condition 建立：build , create , establish , found 出现：appear, occur(red) 实现，完成：reach , realize , accomplish 必要，必需: must /necessity 方面，项目条款：item / aspect 材料: materials 知识消息：knowledge / information 日程计划: schedule / agenda 百分比：percentage 性别:sex年龄：age 满意:satisfaction 忧虑，担忧，焦急: concern (不)熟悉:familiar /unfamiliar 个人，个人的: individual 细节:description , detail文化culture 责任: (take) responsibility 贡献: (make) contributions to 重要: value importance significance 比较: contrast comparison 时期: period / time存在: existence exist 花费: cost / expense人口: population 天气与气候: weather[u] / climate [c]位置: location 主题: theme背景: setting，background 情节: plot高潮: climax 结尾:ending反对者与支持者：supporter , opponent 2. 同义转换类常用句型： 1.100 years = 1 century = 10 decades 2. take advantage of = make use of 3. parental attention = with the help / aid / assistance of parents 4. oppose the move = be against the move = object to = disagree with 5. consider … = take … into consideration / account 6. at the beginning = at first 7. be responsible for = take / shoulder / bear responsibility for 8. since the beginning of human evolution = throughout human history 9. Americans have been migrating south and west for decades in search of better job opportunities. = Americans have been migrating south and west for decades, seeking a better job. / searching /looking for a better job. 10. housing-related reasons = reasons related / linked/relevant to / connected with housing 11. take an active part in = take part in sth. actively