第四讲
Unit 4 Natural disasters
Ⅰ.学习目标
1. Unit 4重点单词、短语
2. it作形式主语的用法
Ⅱ.重点、难点分析
1、What other natural disasters can you think of? 你还能想到其他的自然灾害？think of 想起，想到，认为
辨析：think of, think about与think over
（1）think of想出，记起，考虑
Eg: Who thought of the idea？谁想出的这个主意？
（2）think about思考，考虑
Eg: I'll think about your suggestion，and give you an answer tomorrow．
我要考虑一下你的建议，明天给你答复。
（3）think over 意为“仔细考虑”。
Eg: Think over，and you'll find a way．仔细考虑一下，你就会有办法的。【拓展】What do you think of…? 是固定句型，意为“你觉得……怎么样？”，相当于“How do you like…?”。
Eg: What do you think of the film? = How do you like the film?
2、Because he is interested in the North and South Poles. 因为他对南北极感兴趣。be interested in 对…..感兴趣，后面跟名词或者动名词作宾语。
The boy is interested in science.
They are interested in playing computer games.
辨析：interested与interesting
Interesting表示事物本身具有使人产生兴趣之处；如The cat is interesting.
而interested表示某人对某事感兴趣；如I am interested in the book bought yesterday.
3、What would happen if our city was badly flooded? 如果我们的城市严重淹水，将会发生什么事情？
happen是不及物动词。happen的用法主要有以下三种：
（1）"sth.+happen+地点/时间"，意为"某地/某时发生了某事"。
Eg：An accident happened in that street. 那条街发生了一起事故。
What's happening outside? 外面发生什么事了？
（2）"sth.+happen to+sb."意为"某人出了某事(常指不好的事发生在某人身上)"。Eg: A car accident happened to him yesterday. 昨天他发生了交通事故。
What happened to you? (=What was wrong / the matter with you?) 你怎么啦？
（3）"sb.+happen+to do sth."意为"某人碰巧做某事"；或者”It happens + that从句”，意为“碰巧…..”
Eg: I happened to meet her in the street. 我碰巧在街上遇见她。
It happened that I was out when he called. 他来访时我碰巧不在。
辨析：happen与take place
1). take place 表示“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。
Eg：Great changes have taken place in our hometown during the past ten years.
The Olympic Games of 2008 will take place in Beijing.
2). happen作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。
Eg：What happened to you?
I happened to see him on my way home. = It happened that I saw him on my way home.
4、Would anyone remain alive? 还有人活着吗？
（1）remain此处作连系动词，意为“一直保持；仍然处于某种状态”，后面可接形容词、名词、动名词ing形式、动词ed形式或介词短语。
Eg：Whatever ac hievements you’ve made, you should remain modest. 无论你取得多么大的成就，你都该保持谦虚。
【拓展】remain stay 都指“继续停留”或“继续保持某种状态、关系或行动。”rema in 常可与stay 互换。
1）表示“继续呆在某处”时，应该用不及物动词remain或stay
Eg：Shall I go or stay?
He remained in his seat after all the other students had gone home.
2）表示“继续保持或处于原来的状态”时，可用remain或stay
Eg：The door stayed closed.
3）表示“暂住、短期停留”时，只能用不及物动词stay
Eg：He is staying at Hilton Hotel.
4）表示“残留、剩下”时，只能用不及物动词remain
Eg：Not much of the house remained after the fire.
5）remain 强调“继续停留于一处或保持原状态、情况性质而不改变”, stay强调“某人[物]继续留在原地而不离开
Eg：This place remains cool all summer.
He stayed to see the end of the game.
（2）alive形容词，意为“活着的，在世的”。
Eg: Is the old man alive now?
【注意】alive和living都可以表示“活着的”，但alive通常作表语或后置定语；而living修饰人或者物时需要前置。
Eg: All living things need air.
5、It covered roads, parks and small houses. 水淹没了道路、公园和小房子。Cover 此处用作及物动词，意为“覆盖；盖上”，常与介词with搭配。cover… with… 意为“用……把……盖住”（表示动作）
be covered with... 意为“被……覆盖”（表示状态）
Eg: Please cover the table with a white cloth.
The hills are covered with trees.
【拓展】cover 还可以用作名词，意为“覆盖物；封面等”
Eg：The book needs a new cover.
6、Large objects, such as coaches and boats, passed by my window. 大件的物体，
例如汽车和轮船，从窗前经过。
pass by 意为“通过；经过”；还可以表示“（时间）逝去；过去”。
Eg: I see them pass by my house every day.
Three years had passed by before she finally found a suitable job.
7、I had to do something. 我必须做点什么！
辨析：have to 与must
（1）must多表示主观需要或责任感的驱使有必要或有义务去做某事，多译为“必须”，而have to多表示客观存在的环境所限,即客观要求(无奈)而为之，多译为“不得不干某事”。
Eg：I must clean the room because there are too dirty.（无人强迫）因为太脏了，我必须要打扫房间。
We must be there on time. （责任感的驱使）我们一定准时到达。
I have to do my homework now.（不得不做）我现在不得不做作业。
I have to leave school because my family is poor now.（无奈）因为家里穷了，我不得不退学。
（2）must没有时态的变化，而have to有时态的变化。
Eg:
Daming was hurt. The doctor said he had to stay in hospital for about two weeks. His father has to go to take care of him.
We don’t have to go to school on Sundays. 星期天我们不必上学。
（3）must的否定为mustnt，多表示“禁令”。
Eg：No!You mustnt turn left! You must turn right into The Strand. 不！你不能向左转！你应该向右转进入到strand中。
由must引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用must或have to，否定回答要用needn’t 或don’t have to，意思是“不必”；此用法在中考中的单选题中容易出现！
Eg: 1）—Must I finish my homework before eight o’clock? 我必须要在8点之前完成作业吗?
—Yes, you must. 是的，必须。
2）—Must I attend the meeting? 我必须要参加这次会议吗？
—No, you needn’t/don’t have to. You can ask Tom to go instead. 不，你不必。你可以让汤姆替你去。
7、I tried to call my dad, but the line was dead. 我试图给我爸爸打电话，但是电话线路不通。
（1）try to do sth. 意为“试图/努力做某事”，侧重尽力，为了达到目的而努力；否定形式为try not to do sth.
I’m trying to learn English well.
（2）try doing sth. 意为“试着/尝试做某事”，只是一种新的尝试，不一定付出很大的努力。
Let’s try knocking at the back door.
【拓展】
1）try one’s best to do sth. 意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”
We should try our best to practice speaking English.
2）try on 意为“试穿”
Can I try in on?
3）try 作可数名词，意为“尝试”，常构成have a try，意为“试一试”
I can’t open the door. Will I have a try?
8、It’s impossible to stick with it. 坚持工作很重要。
（1）It’s +形容词+ for sb. + to do sth. 意为“对某人来说做某事时……的”
It’s +形容词+of sb. +to do sth. 意为“某人做某事是…..的“，此句式中的形容词是描述人的性格、品质的，如：polite, nice, kind, good, friendly等。此句式也可以改为Sb. +be +形容词+ to do sth.
Eg: It’s hard for me to answer your questions.
It was foolish of him to go alone. = He was foolish to go alone.
（2）stick with 意为“持续；坚持；不放弃”；还可以表示“紧接；不离开；和……呆在一起”
Eg: Stick with your schedule for the week.
Stick with them. Th ere’s safety in numbers.
9、My friends replied,” I have no time to drink about the flood…” 我的朋友说：“我没有时间考虑洪水…..”
辨析：reply与answer
（1）两者均可表示“回答”，但 answer 属常用词，多用于一般性应答，而 reply 则较正式，多指经过考虑而作出答复。
Eg: I was so nervous that I couldn’t answer [reply]. 我紧张得没作回答。
（2）answer 可自由地用作及物或不及物动词，而 reply 除后接 that 从句或引出直接引语是及物动词外，一般只用作不及物动词。其后若接名词或代词作宾语，应借助介词 to。
Eg：He replied that he had changed his mind. 他回答说他改变了主意。
He didn’t answer [reply to] my question. 他没有回答我的问题。比较下面两句：
He did not know what to reply. 他不知道回答什么(即：用什么回答)。
He did not know what to reply to. 他不知道回答什么问题(即：对什么作回答)。
（3）answer 除表示“回答”外，还可表示接听(电话)或对门铃等声响作出反应等(常与 telephone, door, bell, door-bell 等连用)。但 reply 不能这样用。
Eg：Who answered the telephone? 谁接的电话?
A little girl answered the door. 一个小女孩应声去开门。
Nobody answered my call for help. 没有人理会我的呼救。
（4）两者除用作动词外，都可用作名词。要表示“对……的回答(答复，答案)”等，其后均接介词 to (不用 of)。
Eg：Have you had an answer to your letter? 你寄出的信有回音没有?
I received no reply to my request. 我的要求没有收到任何答复。
10、In surprise people finally started to notice the flood, but it was too late. 最后人们惊讶地开始注意到洪水，但是已经太晚了。
in surprise 惊讶地to one’s surprise 令人吃惊的是
【拓展】notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某个人正在做某事；notice sb. do sth. 注意到某人做了某事
我注意到她正在房间里哭。___________________________________
我注意到她在房间里哭。_____________________________________
10、My computer is dead, so I will have to buy a new one. 我的电脑不运转了，所以我必须买一台新的。
辨析：one, it, that
it指代的是同类同物，that指代的是同类异物，one指的是上下文中提到的同类事物中的一个。
Eg: ①I'm looking for a flat. I'd really like one with a garden.
②-Where did you find your watch? - I find it in our classroom.
③The population of China is larger than that of any other country.
11、The boy was so quiet that often no one would notice when he came in the room. 那个男孩如此安静，以至于当他进入房间时经常没有人会注意到。
So… that 意为“如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句，so后接形容词或副词。
Eg：He is such a clever boy that everybody likes him.
【拓展】在so… that结构中，若that 从句的主语一致，在否定句中可与too… to…或not… enough to…结构互换。
He is so young that he can’t join the army.
= He is too young to join the army.
= He isn’t old enough to join the army.
12、What awful weather! 多糟糕的天气啊！
（1）what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is).
What a clever girl she is!
（2）How+adj.（adv.）+主语+谓语+(it is).
How cold it is today!
13、The government asked people to leave for higher ground…
leave for 动身去……；启程去……
昨天他们动身去北京。_____________________________________
【拓展】
（1）leave可用作及物或不及物动词，意为“离开。出发。”常用于短语，意为“动身，出发(去某地)” He left Pairs for New York.
（2）leave 属非延续性动词，它不能和表示一段时间的词连用，如果要表示离开一段时间，要用be away来代替。 I have been away for a week.
（3）leave用作名词时，可以表达多种含义，如“休假。假期，许可，同意”I had a two week leave.
（4）take leave of =take one’s leave意为“向…告别”He took his leave and went home.
14、Barry suggested putting food, water and medicine in a disaster survival kit. 巴里建议把食物、水和药品放进一个灾难救生包里。
（1）suggest后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，但不接动词不定式。
He suggested going by plane, but I thought it would cost too much.
（2）suggest sb. to do sth. 向某人建议某事
What did you suggest to the manager?
（3）suggest表“建议”，其后接that引导的宾语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即“主语（+should）+动词原形”
I suggest（that）we （should）hold a meeting.
15、In the end, the asteroid did not hit the Earth. 最后，小行星没有撞击地球。
辨析：in the end, finally, at last
（1）in the end 意为“终于”“最后”，表示经过许多变化、周折或捉摸不定的情况后发生了某事，也许是期待中的情况，也许是非期待中的情况。还可以表示一种推测。
He worked hard, and in the end he succeeded.
（2）at last 仅仅用于表示经过周折、等待或努力出现所期待的结果，不用于出现非期待的结果。
My son is at home in the end/at last.
（3）finally 既可用于表示时间位置，相当于 in the end，也可以用于表示时间的先后顺序，如同 first(ly)，second(ly)，next，then，last，lastly 等词的用法。
Finally, I’d like to thank you all for coming.
【EX.1】
一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。
1. The old man is d_________. He can’t hear anything.
2. My dog is m__________. Can you help me find it?
3. All of them are ___________（注视）at the computer screen.
4. We don’t know whether he’s _________（活着）or dead.
5. The road was so narrow that cars were unable to _________（通过）。
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. This was the worst ___________(nature) disaster in the history of the United States.
2. Look! There are two _________(coach) in front of our school.
3. Some countries would be _________(flood) if sea level around the world rose.
4. I have no time _________(think) about these questions.
5. Mary suggested _________(go) there by bus and I agreed.
16、It is only five-minute walk from my home to the school.
five-minute为合成形容词，意为“五分钟的”，其结构为“数词-名词”形式，其中的名词必须用单数形式；另外也有“数词-名词-形容词”结构合成的形容词。合成形容词只能放在名词前作定语，不能做表语。
Eg: We’ll have a three-day holiday.
My best friend is a sixteen-year-old girl from a village.
17、How far is your home from school?
辨析：how long, how often, how far, how soon
(1) how long：1. 表示多长时间，主要用来对一段时间(如three days, four weeks
等)提问。A：How long did he stay here? 他在这儿呆了多久?
B：About two weeks. 大约两个星期。
2. 表示某东西有多长。
A：How long is the river? 这条河有多长？
B：About 500 km. 大约500千米。
(2) how often：指每隔多久，主要用来对频度副词或状语(如：once a week, three times a month 等)提问。
A：How often does he come here? 他(每隔)多久来一次?
B：Once a month. 每月一次。
(3) how soon：指再过多久，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(如：in an hour, in two weeks 等)提问。
A：How soon will he be back? 他要多久才回来?
B：In an hour. 1 小时以后。
(4) How far：多远，用来询问距离的远近。
A：How far is it from here to the zoo?
B：It’s 6 kilometers.
18、I heard that her son died in the flood.
die 意为“死”，不能用于被动语态；强调动作，是瞬间的动作，不能用于完成时，也不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。如果要与便是一段时间的状语连用，需使用be dead。
The man died two years ago. = The man has been dead for two years.
辨析：die from 与die of
die from “由于……而死”，多指死于外因，后常接表示灾祸、衰弱、负伤等名词。而die of “因…..而死”，多指死于内因，后常接年老、疾病、情感等名词。That soldier died from the deadly wound.
The worker died of an illness.
19、You found someone smoking in the forest.
find sb. doing sth.发现某人们正在做某事find sb. do sth. 发现某人们做了某事
I found a pen lying on the playground.
I found her open the door.
20、However, the ice kept falling. 然而，冰却一直在下落。
Keep doing sth. 继续/重复做某事Keeping smiling.
Keep… doing sth. 使/让…..一直做某事He kept us waiting for three hours. 21、单元语法：it作形式主语
1. it作主语指时间、日期、天气、距离和气温等。
It’s Sunday today.
2. it 作形式主语代替动词不定式，常用于以下句型：
(1)It’s +形容词+(for/of sb) +to do sth.
It’s very kind of you to do that.
It’s necessary for the students to do eye exercises twice a day.
注：该句型有时可以与It is + adj. + that从句的句型互换使用，意思不变。It is necessary for you to train yourself before the walk.
= It is necessary that you will train yourself before the walk.
(2) It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多少时间
It takes him an hour to do his homework every day.
(3) It+be+名词+动词不定式
It was great fun to have a party there.
3. It seems(seemed) / appears(appeared) that +从句
It seems that he knows everything.
【EX.2】单项选择
1. The price of wheat is higher than ____ of rice.
A. it
B. that
C. one
D. this
2. ----- Why don’t we take a little break? -----Didn’t we just have_____?
A. it
B. that
C. one
D. this
3. He suggested that the meeting _____ put off.
A. not be
B. should not
C. wouldn’t
D. be not
4. --- Xiao Wang, _____will it take to fly to Guangzhou? ---Sorry, I do not know.
A. how far
B. how soon
C. how many
D. how long
5. _______ that the scientist will give us a talk next month?
A. Is true
B. Is it true
C. It’s true
D. It’s truly
单元测试
一、单项选择题。
（）1. ---______ is it from here to the railway station? ---About ten kilometres.
A. How far
B. How fast
C. How soon
D. How often
（）2. Mary feels unhappy because nobody seems to _______ her progress.
A. notice
B. look
C. watch
D. read
（）3. What ______ it is!
A. nice day
B. nice weather
C. a nice weather
D. nice a weather
（）4. The line is _______. What should we do?
A. deaf
B. alive
C. dead
D. missing
（）5. He hurt her ______ badly ____ she had to see a doctor.
A. too; that
B. so; that
C. either; or
D. too; to
（）6. Each of us has to write a _____ report every two weeks.
A. two-hundred-word
B. two-hundreds-word
C. two-hundreds-words
D. two-hundred-words
（）7.---May I listen to music here, Mr. White?
---Sorry, you’d better ________ it like that.
A. not to do B .not do C. don’t do D. not do to
（）8. My daughter wants a rabbit for long, but I have no time to buy _________for her.
A. it
B. one
C. the one
D. that
（）9. His friends asked him ________ up smoking.
A. give
B. to give
C. gave
D. giving
（）10. When she heard the news, she looked at me _______ surprise.
A. for
B. to
C. at
D. in
（）11. The little boy is ______ lovely _____ everyone likes him.
A. such; that
B. too; to
C. so; that
D. enough; that
（）12. ______ foggy day!
A. How
B. What
C. How a
D. What a
（）13. Finish your homework first, and then you’ll ______ watch TV for an h our.
A. can
B. be able to
C. able to
D. could
（）14. Our teacher often asks us ____ _____ questions in groups.
A. discuss
B. to discuss
C. discussing
D. discussed
（）15. What a pity! Liu Xiang didn’t win the ___________ hurdles.
A. 110-metre
B. 110-metres
C. 110 metre
D. 110 metes
（）16. ---Do you know that Mr. Zhang passes __ ___ last week?
---Yes. He died ______ illness.
A .away; of B. on; from C. by; with D. off; as
（）17. He lost his key. It made him _______ in the cold to wait for his wife’s return.
A. to stay
B. stayed
C. stays
D. stay
（）18. ---You’d better _________ early. It is good for your health.
---Thanks. I’ll do as you say.
A. get up
B. to get up
C. getting up
D. got up
二、语法选择。
Earthquake are common: thousands of them happen each day. But most are too w eak to feel. During a __1__earthquake, there is often a great noise first. Then the earth __2__terribly and many houses fall down. Railway tracks break and trains go __3__li nes; a great many factories are destroyed; thousands of deaths are caused, and many more lose homes. Besides the great damage and deaths caused by the earthquake __4_ _, other accidents such as fires often __5__.
More buildings are destroyed and more deaths caused.
It is well known of the dangers of an earthquake, __6__ for centuries man has be en making researches on earthquakes. More than 2000 years ago, __7__ , a Chinese s cientist named Zhang Heng invented a machine which could __8__ from which direct ion the seismic waves（地震波）had come, and this machine is still used by scientists today. Now we know much more about earthquake and __9__ they happen, but we still can’t __10__ exactly when and where an earthquake will happen, and can’t stop it from happening.
1. A. real B. weak C. big D. small
2. A. moves B. shakes C. bumps D. breaks
3. A. on B. along C. off D. with
4. A. them B. it C. themselves D. itself
5. A. follow B. get C. have D. enter
6. A. because B. and C. but D. then.
7. A. as a result B. in fact C. for example D. as well
8. A. find out B. think up C. point at D. look for
9. A. where B. why C. what D. when
10. A. say B. talk C. speak D. Tell
三、完形填空。
Thousands of years ago, human didn't live in towns. Sometimes they would live i n caves or build camps (宿营地) in the forest.
Only about thirty people__1__ in each camp. The men would go hunting while t he women and children __2__food from the trees around the camp. All the food was __3__between everyone in the group. Every few weeks they moved to another place t o find more food. It was a simple life, but people had to be__4__.They had to make everything that they needed, and they had to know a lot about plants and animals.
Nowadays__5__ than in the old days. There are fewer __6__ , but there is less ex citement. Some people go __7__excitement—sailing round the world, climbing moun tains, or exploring caves. Most people look forward to the__8__, a time when they ca
n enjoy a change from their normal life. For some this means going camping. But cam ping today is__9__from camping in the past. Gas cookers, ready-made food and air-b eds mean people can camp much more __10__than they did in the old times.
1. A..lived B. talked C. came D. danced
2. A. planted B. collected C. watched D. bought
3. A. found B. used C. shared D. sold
4. A. polite B. kind C. careful D. clever
5. A. worse B. faster C. easier D. harder
6. A. dangers B. stories C. people D. animals
7. A. waiting for B. looking for C. turning on D. putting on
8. A. dreams B. gifts C. meals D. holidays
10. A. slowly B. terribly C. comfortably D. hopefully
四、阅读选择。
A
Before the spring Festival , which is the most important festival in China, millions of passengers are struggling to make the once-a-year trip home. Because of a power failure caused by snow, more than 136 trains were forced to stay in Hunan Province . Almost 150,000 passengers were stopped from going back their homes. It's reported that the losses will be 111.1 billion yuan.
In central China's Hunan Province, one of the worst hit area, seven people have died and snow is affecting（影响）the lives of 25.22 million people in 14 cities and 112 counties across the province. Though the power supply resumed(恢复) at 4:00 p.m. Saturday, 50 trains remain stranded(滞留) between Hengyang City in Hunan and Guangzhou provinces. And in Guangzhou, an official with Guangzhou railway authorities said the number of stranded passengers in Guangzhou City alone could hit 600,000 on Monday if the situation continued.
How to solve the problems as soon as possible? In order to help the passengers meet their families and solve the traffic poblems，our government do what they can. First, The Ministry of Railways Ordered 63 trains to go to Guangzhou via (通过) the Beijing-Kowloon Railway Line or Shanghai-Kunming Railway Line instead of the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway Line. Second, The ministry also organized 35 trains from Beijing, Wuhan and Nanchang cities to help transport the stranded passengers. The thirdly, Guangdong authorities sent 15 million text messages (短信)warning drivers not to take highways leading north. Some Guangzhou citizens try their best to help the stranded passengers, such as offering medicine, raising money and cooking free meals for the stranded students.
The snow disaster(雪灾) is so terrible, but all of the Chinese and government is trying their best to succeed in beating it.
( ) 1. In 1st paragraph "the once-a-year trip home" means:
A. Chinese can go to their hometown once a year.
B. At the Spring Festival , all Chinese should go to their hometown to get together.
C. Spring Festival is the first festival in Chinese traditions.
D. Spring Festival is the last festival in Chinese traditions.
( ) 2. About effects(影响) of the snow disaster, which one is wrong?
A. Millions of people can't go home for their Spring Festival
B. Lots of trains can't transport passengers.
C. The losses will be 111.1 billion.
D. 63 trains to go to Guangzhou via the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway Line. ( ) 3. About Hunan province, Which one isn't metioned?
A. is in the center of China
B. is one of the worst his area.
C. the power supply resumed(恢复) at 4:00 p.m. Saturday
D. stranded passengers could reach 600,000
( ) 4. The government does something to solve the problem except_______.
A. cooking free meals for the stranded students.
B. sending 15 million text messages (短信)warning drivers not to take highways leading north.
C. Ordering 63 trains to go to Guangzhou via the Beijing-Kowloon Railway Line
D. Organizing 35 trains from Beijing, Wuhan and Nanchang cities to Guangzhou
B
If there is a fire disaster, knowing what to do is important. If a fire breaks out and runs into your home, what should you do?
First, you should keep calm and warn everyone in the house about the danger. Do n’t panic (be scared) and start screaming. You can’t take elevator to get down if you li ve in a high building. You’d better take stairs with a wet towel. It is most important to be calm and act fast.
Second, you and all the other people should get out of the house as quickly as yo u can. Don’t stop to take your belongings (物品) with you, even if there you have many valuable things in the house. And once you are out of the house, stay out. Do not go back into the house for any reason.
Finally, when you get out of the firing house, call 119 and let the skilled firefight ers to put the fire out at once. Don’t try to put out the fire by yourself. That can be ver y dangerous.
( ) 5. What is the first thing you’d better do if a fire breaks out on your house?
A. Take out your belongings at once.
B. Start screaming at once.
C. Get down by taking elevator.
D. Warn everyone in the house. ( ) 6. What should you do once you are out of the house?
A. Panic.
B. Go back for the belongings.
C. Make a call.
D. Scream. ( ) 7. How should you get out of your home if you live in a high building?
A. You can take an elevator as quickly as possible.
B. You should get down on the stairs with something wet.
C. You’d better jump down through the window.
D. You can roll down from the window with a basket.
( ) 8. You should call the firefighters .
A. after you leave the house
B. after you take your belongings
C. when you are trying to put out the fire
D. before you warn everyone ( ) 9. What does the passage tell us?
A. Don’t be afraid before leaving the house.
B. Don’t put out the fire by yourself.
C. It’s better to let your belongings burn.
D. Obey some important rules if you meet a fire.
C
Our sun is a star, and nine worlds (天体) move round it. Worlds like these are planets. But here are other stars, other suns, not only thousands of them, but millions of them. Do different stars have planets? We can see the planets round our own sun. b ut we haven’t been anymore. The stars are too far away from us. Stars give out light, b ut the planets don’t have any light of their own. So we can’t see them. They are too far , and too dark. Still, we can tell that some stars have planets. While a big planet goes r ound, it pulls its star to one side. And sometimes we can see this. Then we know that t he star has a planet. For example, Barnard’s Star is a small red star. And it is the quick est star in the universe. But sometimes it moves slower, and then quicker again. We ha ve known Bernard’s Star for many years, and now we are sure it has a planet.
( ) 10. A star is a large body in the universe. It _________.
A. moves round our sun
B. has light of its own
C. can also be called a sun
D. both B and C
( ) 11. Which of the following is not true?
A. The earth is one of the sun’s world’s
B. There are millions of suns in the universe
C. The world’s are very bright
( ) 12. We can see the planets round our sun. But we can’t see ________.
A. nine worlds in the universe
B. the planets round other stars
C. the satellites round the earth
D. other stars 1
( ) 13. Barnard’s Star moves more quickly than ________.
A. most stars
B. any other star
C. its planet
D. the planets round the sun
( ) 14. How can people know that there is a planet round Barnard’s Star?
A. Sometimes they see that the planet pulls the star to one side and makes it m ove slower.
B. The planet is shining
C. The planet is next to our earth.
D. The planet is a red one.
五、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1.在晚上他通常闲坐着玩电脑游戏。
In the evening, he usually _________ _________ playing computer games.
2.你应该多加注意你的发音。
You should ________ more __________ _________ your pronunciation.
3.我让孩子们保持安静，但是无人理睬。
I asked the children to keep quiet, but this ________ ________ ________ ears.
4.他们花了三天时间制作这个飞机模型。
________ took them three days ________ ________ the model plane.
5. 6路公交车每天从我家门前经过。
The No. 6 bus ________ ________ my door every day.
六、书面表达。近几年来，人类活动对大自然的破坏引发了各种各样的自然灾害。作为一名中学生，请你根据以下内容，写一封倡议书，呼吁大家关注这些自然灾害，采取措施，拯救地球。
一、Natural disasters： 1) droughts 2) earthquake...
二、Harm to humans：1) not enough food or water 2) homeless...
三、Actions： 1) stop cutting down trees 2) use paper on both sides...
要求：
1. 词数100左右；文章开头已给，不计词数；
2. 短文须包括表格中提示的所有要点，再适当发挥，增加细节，使短文连贯、通顺；
3. 短文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
In recent years there have been many natural disasters caused by human activities, suchas _______________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________
第五讲
Unit 5 Sport
Ⅰ.学习目标
1. Unit 5重点单词、短语
2. 语法：时态和被动语态
Ⅱ.重点、难点分析
1、As the bus climbed through the mountains, we saw the thick snow on the trees. through 作介词，意为“穿过；从…..一端到另一端；across 穿过，表示从表面的一端到另一端。
They walked through the forest and came to village.
Don’t walk across the road.
2、I was dying to get out and play with it.
be dying to do sth. 渴望做某事
3、At last, we reached the resort and quickly jumped out of the bus.
辨析：reach, arrive, get to
(1) arrive 表示“到达某地”时，后面要接介词，到达的地方范围大是多用in，地方较小时用at。
We arrived in Paris. We arrived at the station.
(2) reach 后面直接跟表示地点的词。
He reached London.
( 3) get to 是口头用语；后接表地点的home, here, there等副词时，to省略。
What time shall we get to Shanghai?
4、We could not wait to get out and ski. 我们迫不及待要出去滑雪。
can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地想做某事
wait for 等待；等候wait to do sth. 等着做某事
5、Wearing skis for the first time made me feel strange. 第一次穿上滑雪板让我感觉怪怪的。
wearing skis 是动名词短语；动名词用法如下：
动名词的用法
(1) 作主语
Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
(2) 作表语
His part-time job is promoting new products for the company.
(3) 作宾语。
He is fond of playing football. I like swimming.
( 4) 作定语
swimming pool 游泳池 reading material 阅读材料 waiting room 候车室6、I kept on falling over, and I had to hold on to a rope to keep my balance.
(1) 辨析：Keep on doing sth. 与Keep doing
Keep on doing sth. 表示动作反复，意为“不断地做某事”
Keep doing 表示动作或状态的持续
News of successes keeps (on) pouring in.
约翰总是问个不停。
We kept working in the fields in spite of the rain.
尽管下雨，我们还是坚持在地里干活。
(2) 辨析：fall over, fall down, fall off
1) fall over强调的是“向前摔倒、跌倒”。
She fell over and broke her leg. 她跌倒并把腿摔断了。
2) fall down强调的是“滑倒、倒下”，后接宾语时应加上介词from。
The boy hit the tree to hard that he fell down.
3) fall off强调的是“跌落、从……掉下来”，后直接接宾语，相当于fall down from The girl is falling off the bike. (= The girl is falling down from the bike.)
(3) hold on(to sb. / sth.) 抓紧，不放开（某人或某物）
7、However, the next day, I only fell over a few times, and I managed to do a few rapid runs. 然而，第二天，我只跌倒了几次，我设法做一些快速地滑行。
a few 和few 修饰可数名词复数，a few 表示有几个，few表示几乎没有；而a little 和little 后接不可数名词。
8、Although it was very cold, I spent most of my holiday skiing.
(1) although/ though连词，意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句.
(2) 辨析：spend; take; cost and pay
1) spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构： spend time ／money on sth. 或spend time ／ money (in) doing sth.
I spent two hours on this maths problem.
They spent two years (in) building this bridge.
2) cost的主语是物或某种活动，常见用法如下：sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱,某物花了（某人）多少钱；或者 (doing) sth. costs (sb.) ＋时间,某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间
A new computer costs a lot of money.
Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.
3) take 的主语时it，常见用法有It takes sb. ＋时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。
It took them three years to build this road.
4) pay的基本用法是： pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买……；或者pay for sth. 付……的钱。
I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.
I have to pay for the book lost.
pay for sb. 替某人付钱pay sb. 付钱给某人
pay money back 还钱pay off one's money还清钱
9、The group had to wait unit after 12 to check in at the hotel.
until 直到……not… until…直到……才……
I’ll wait for you until you come.
I didn’t go to bed until my parents came back home last night.
10、In 1942, Columbus discovered American.
辨析：discover; find and invent
1) find：意为“找到，发现”。既可指经过寻找后得到或重新获得已失去的东西，强调动作的结果。
At last,I found my dog under my bed.
2) invent 指通过想象、研究、劳动而创造前所未有的东西。
Can you tell me who invented the telephone?
3) discover：指发现本来存在，但以前未为人知或未被发现的事物、真理或情况。Columbus is the first European who discovered Ame rica.
11、full of fun 充满乐趣
(be) full of 充满……
be filled with 装满……充满….. fill…with…用…..把…..装满
12、... and women were not allowed to join or even watch them. 妇女不允许参加，甚至不允许观看比赛。
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事allow doing sth. 允许做某事
13、a number of 与the number of
a number of 许多，相当于many，后接可数名词的复数
the number of ……的数量The number of apples is 50.
14、单元语法：时态；被动语态
（1）时态：
一般现在时：She helps her mother once a week.
Mary’s father is a policeman.
现在进行时：They are playing basketball now.
Listen! She is singing an English song.
现在完成时：He has already got her help.
He says he has been to the USA three times.
一般将来时：We will have a meeting tomorrow.
He is going to study abroad next year.
一般过去时：Mr. Smith bought a new car yesterday.
They were here only a few minutes ago.
过去进行时：While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.
It was raining when they left the station.
（2）被动语态：be+动词的过去分词
一般现在时：am/ is/ are +done
The classroom is cleaned by the students every day.
现在完成时：have/ has been + done
The book has been read many times by me.
一般过去时：was/ were +done
My bike was stolen last night.
一般将来时：will be +done; is/are going to be done
A speech will be given this afternoon.
The problem is going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow.
【EX1】一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词
1. ---Can you play volleyball? ---No, I can’t. But I can play b________.
2. What a s_______! You can’t come to my birthday party.
3. Our classroom is ____________（在......对面）the library.
4. D on’t forget to take your ___________（护照）when you leave.
5. Where are my _________（手套）？I can’t find them.
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6. It’s so hot. I’m dying ____________(drink) some cold water.
7. Last year, I spent most of my free time _____________(play) computer games.
8. Mary _____________(write) a letter when I came into the classroom.
9. You should hold on to the rope _____________(keep) your balance.
10. When ____________ the telephone ____________(invent)?
三、单项选择。
1．Your clothes need________.________she wash them for you?
A．to be washed;Shall B．to wash;Shall
C．washing;Will D．being washed;Will
2．This kind of cloth________well.
A．wash B．is washed C．washes D．washing 3．—What do you think of the speech?
—The speaker said almost nothing worth________.
A．listening B．being listened to C．listening to D．being listening
4. Paper _______first invented in China.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
5. — Do you like the flower? — Yes, it_______ sweet .
A. is smelling
B. smelt
C. is smelt
D. smells
6. It snowed heavily last night. The ground_______thick snow.
A. was covered with
B. was filled with
C. was made of
D. covered with
7. ______________ the red pencil-box_________by your father last week?
A. Has , bought
B. Was , bought
C. Does , buy
D. Did , buy
8. The windows of the room_______once a week.
A. has been cleaned
B. is cleaned
C. are cleaned
D. are cleaning
单元小测
三、单项填空
（）1.---Which team will the Chinese football team play ____________?
---The Japanese team.
A. for
B. on
C. against
D. at
（）2. Football is so exciting that ____________ people in the world play it.
A. million of
B. millions of
C. two millions of
D. two million of （）3. They will try their best in the Dragon Boat Racing ______ they may fail.
A. if
B. although
C. unless
D. until
（）4. We’d better wait ___________ more minutes. I think Jeff will come soon.
A. a few
B. few
C. a little
D. little
（）5. The boys usually play football in the playground after school is __________.
A. over
B. on
C. away
D. out
（）6.---Can a plane fly ________ the Atlantic Ocean?
---Yes, but it needs to go ________ the clouds for hours.
A. across; through
B. through; across
C. across; across
D. through; through
（）7.---___________ do you visit your grandparents?
---Twice a month.
A. How often
B. How long
C. How soon
D. How far
（）8. How did you manage __________ the task, Tony?
A. finish
B. finishing
C. to finish
D. finished
（）9.---When did your uncle _____________ Shanghai?
---The day before yesterday.
A. arrive
B. get
C. reach
D. come
（）10. We got there in the afternoon, and then _____________ in a small hotel.
A. built
B. took
C. put
D. checked
二、语法选择。
There have been many great inventions that change the way we live. The first g reat ___1___ was one that is still very important today—the wheel. This made it easy for man ___2___ heavy things and to travel long distances. For hundreds of years afte r that, there were ___3___ inventions that had as much effect as the wheel. Then in th e early 1800’s the world started to change ___4___. There was little unknown land lef t in the world. People did not have to explore much any more. In the second half of th e 19th century many great inventions were made. ___5___ them were the camera, the electric light and the radio. These have all become a big part of our life today.
The first part of the 20th century saw more great inventions. The helicopter in 1 909. Movies ___6___ sound in 1926. The computer in 1928. And jet planes in 1930. T his was also a time when a new ___7___ was first made. Nylon came out in 1935. It c hanged the kind of clothes people wear. Of course new inventions continued to be ma de. Man began looking ___8___ ways to go into space. Russia made the first step. Th en the United States took another. Since then other countries，including China and Japan, ___9___ their steps into space. In 1969 man took his bigg est step away from earth. ___10___ first walked on the moon. This was certainly just a beginning. New inventions will someday allow us to do things we have never yet dr eamed of.
( ) 1. A. scientist B. artist C. musician D. invention
( ) 2. A. carry B. carrying C. to carry D. carried
( ) 3. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
( ) 4. A. largely B. differently C. greatly D. freely
( ) 5. A. Between B. Among C. Before D. After
( ) 6. A. in B. of C. on D. with
( ) 7. A. mistake B. product C. world D. material
( ) 8. A. for B. out C. after D. around
( ) 9. A. made B. were made C. have made D. hade made
( ) 10. A. Chinese B. Japanese C. Americans D. Russians
三、完形填空。
Many people have to work __1__. Some people do not mind. Other people think it’s terrible. One man thinks that working at the weekends can be ___2___. He is George Smith. Mr. Smith works in an office, in Brighton, England.
One Saturday, May 24, 1986, he went to the office to do some work. After he ___3_ __ the lift, it stopped between floors. Mr. Smith could not get out of the lift. He began to shout, but ____4___ heard him. Then Mr. Smith remembered that it was a holiday i n England. No one was going to come to work ____5___ Tuesday.
There was ____6___ for Mr. Smith to do. He had to wait until one of his workmates came to work and found him. With nothing to ____7___, Mr. Smith was very hungry and had to sleep most of the time.
Early on Tuesday morning, one of his workmates came into work and found the lift _ ___8___. When the lift was opened, Mr. Smith came out cold, weak and tired. He had been in the lift for ___9__ hours!
Now Mr. Smith says, “I only use lifts if they have ___10___ in them.”
( ) 1. A. from Monday to Friday B. at the weekends
C. on weekdays
D. from morning till night
( ) 2. A. dangerous B. happy C. angry D. free
( ) 3. A. got off B. got into C. got out of D. got to
( ) 4. A. someone B. everyone C. no one D. either
( ) 5. A. on B. to C. from D. until
( ) 6. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything ( ) 7. A. read or write B. eat or drink C. cook D. know the time ( ) 8. A. was not there B. was not closed C. was not working D. was working ( ) 9. A. nearly 24 B. about 40 C. more than 60 D. over 94 ( ) 10. A. pans B. beds C. exits D. telephones
四、阅读理解。
A
We were going to play against a team from a country school.
They didn’t come until the last minute. They looked worse than we had thought. They were wearing dirty blue trousers and looked like farm boys.
We sat down for a rest. We felt that we didn?t need any practice against a team li ke that.
The game began. One of us got the ball and he shot a long pass to our forward(前锋). From out of nowhere a boy in an old T-shirt stopped the ball and with beautiful s tyle(姿势) he shot and got two points. Then another two points in a minute. Soon the game w as all over. We were beaten by the country team.
After that, we thought a lot. We certainly learned that even though your team is v ery good, you can?t look down upon the others and still need to do your best. And the most important lesson we learned was: One can’t judge (判断) a person or a team only by their clothes.
1. The team from the country were in old clothes so the writer’s team ______.
A. looked down upon them
B. couldn’t win
C. didn’t like the city boy
D. were afraid of them
2. The country team arrived so late that ______.
A. nobody saw them
B. the writer’s team were angry
C. they had no time to warm up
D. they looked worse
3. The team from the country won because ______.
A. they were in old clothes
B. they didn’t practice before the game
C. they practiced before the game
D. the team was better than the writer?s
4. From the text, we can guess the writer’s team is ______.
A. a basketball from a country school
B. a football team from a school in the city
C. a basketball team from a school in the city
D. a football team from the country
5. The writer’s team learned a lot from the game. They got to know how to ______.
A. do better from then on
B. fight against the country boys
C. play against a weak team
D. judge a man or a team by clothes
B
In the world, soccer of football is the most popular sport. This is because many countries have wonderful teams for the World Cup. The World Cup is held every four years.
To remember 2002 FIFA World Cup ,children from different countries and more than 60 children from Japanese schools came together and spent three weekends drawing a big picture called “Dream(梦幻) World Cups ”in Japan .The children drew animals, flowers and people playing soccer under a bule bright sky. They wished each football team good luck by drawing the flags(旗帜)of all the countries that will take part in the World Cup in Japan and South Korea. The picture was put up in a park near a playground in Yokohama .Some football teams will have games there.
Are you a football fan(迷)？The World Cup makes more and more people interested in football Teenagers(青少年)like playing and watching football .Many of them love some football stars so much that they get the pictures of their favourite players on the walls of their rooms. That is the way to show their love for the World Cup as children in Japan.
1. If a country wants to take part in the World Cup ,she must have______.
A. Many football fans
B. a very good team
C. many football player
D. a big playground
2. The next World Cup will be held in_______.
A. 2006
B. 2007
C. 2005
D. 2004
3. From the passage ,in the picture children drew many things except_________.
A. people playing football
B. pictures of some football stars
C. a sunny sky
D. flowers
4. In “Dream World Cup”,the children drew the flags of some countries______.
A. to show their love for their owe country
B. to tell the people their stories
C. to show their good wishes for the football teams
D. to show their new ideas about football
5. Many teenagers owe the pictures of some football stars because______.
A. they are interested in football
B. they are football fans
C. they think their favourite players are great
D. all of A,B and C
Unit 1 Can you play the guitar? 1.Can you play the guitar? ①play sb.sth.”=“play sth.for sb.”表示“为某人播放……” 例如： Play me a song=Play a song for me.请为我放一首歌听听吧。 ②“play sth.on+乐器”表示“用乐器演奏…”， 例如：The girl often play the English song on the piano.这个小女孩经常用钢琴演奏英文歌曲。 ③play chess“下国际象棋”，例如： Can you play chess?你会下棋吗？ 【误区警示】“下棋”用play chess,棋类之前不加冠词。 2．.I want to join the art club.我想加入艺术俱乐部。 【用法透析】 1)句中join为动词，表示“加入，成为……的一员，连接，结合”等之意。 例如： She wants to join the English club.她想加入英语俱乐部。 Come and join us.来加入我们吧。 Join the two maps togethes.把这两个地图连起来。 2)句中art为“艺术，美术”， 如：an art teacher美术老师，an art lesson一堂美术课，an artist一位艺术家 2.Can you speak English? 你会讲英语吗？ 【易混辨析】speak/say/tell/talk speak意为“说话”，指说话的能力和方式，一般作不及物动词，意为“演讲”，作及物动词时，其后跟某种语言。 例如： Who wants to speak at the meeting? 谁想在会议上发言？ Do you speak Chinese? 你会说汉语吗？ talk意为“谈话，交谈”，指相互间的谈话，一般作不及物动词时，要谈到某人某事时，后面接介词about 或of。 例如：Don’t talk in class!不要在课堂说话。 Let’s talk to Mr Green.咱们跟格林先生谈谈吧。 say意为“说出，说过”，强调说话的内容。 例如： Can you say it in English? 你能用英语说话吗？ They say China is great.他们说中国是伟大的。 tell意为“告诉”、“讲述”，to: Can you tell me about it?你能告诉我有关此事吗？ 4．Tom can play the quitar but he can’t play it very well.汤姆会弹吉它，但是他弹得不是很好。 【用法透析】 1)这是一个由转折连词but连接并列句，前面的简单句是情态动词can的肯定句形式，后面的简单句 是情态动词can的否定式。 2)句中veny well意为“很好”，是副词短词，常用来修饰句中的动词，放于句尾。 如： She speaks English very well.她英语说得很好。 5．Are you good with children？你和孩子们相处得好吗？【用法透析】（1)be good with表示“与……相处得好”， 例如： My father is good with my mother.我爸爸和我妈妈相处得好吗？ （2）be good with的同义表达方式为：get on well with, 例如：How do you get on well with your friend? 你和你朋友相处得怎么样？ 【发散思维】be good at something表示“擅长做某事”，介词at后面可以直接接名词，如果接动词的话，
九年级英语必考语法知识点整理 九年级英语必考语法知识点整理 一. 宾语从句 1. 宾语从句的含义 在整个句子中做宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。 如：She knew that the teacher had seen the film. 她知道这位老师看过这部电影。 (“that the teacher had seen the film”做 knew 的宾语，同时又是由连接词 that 引导的从句，所以它叫做宾语从句。) 2. 宾语从句的分类 (1)动词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于动词后面的宾语从句。 例如：He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。 (2)介词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于介词后面的宾语从句。 例如：I agree with what you said just now.我同意你刚才说的话。
(3)形容词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于形容词后面的 宾语从句。 例如：I am afraid that I will be late. 恐怕我要迟 到了。 3. 引导名词性从句的连接词 (1)that：没有含义，在宾语从句中不做成分 (2)whether/if：表示是否，在宾语从句中不做成分。 I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后，他是否还住在 这里。 (3)连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose(在宾语 从句中做主、宾、表和定语) 连接副词：where, when, how, why(在宾语从句中做状语) The small children don't know what is in their stockings.(what 在宾语从句中做主语) 这些小孩子不知道什么在他们的长筒袜里。 Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?(why 在宾语从句中做原因状语) 你能告诉我为什么你今天早上开会迟到吗? 4. 在做宾语从句的题目时应注意两点 (1)时态
祝同学们中考取得好成绩，为中华民族的伟大复兴奉献自己的力量）新人教版九年级英语全册知识点归纳及习题祝同学们中考取得好成绩，为中华民族的伟大复兴奉献自己的力量） Unit1How can we becomegood learners?祝同学们中考取得好成绩，为中华民族的伟大复兴奉献自己的力量） 短语总结: 祝同学们中考取得好成绩，为中华民族的伟大复兴奉献自己的力量） 祝同学们中考取得好成绩，为中华民族的伟大复兴奉献自己的力量）1. good learners优秀的学习者 2.work with friends和朋友一起学习 3.study for a test备考 4.have conversations with与……交谈 5.speaking skills口语技巧 6.a little有点儿 7.at first起初起先 8.the secret to......，.......的秘诀 9.becauseof因为 10.as well也 11.look up(在词典中等)查阅；抬头看 12.so that以便，为了 13.the meaning of……的意思 14.make mistakes犯错误 15.talk to交谈 16.depend on依靠依赖 17.in common共有的 18.pay attention to注意关注 19.connect……with……把……联系。 20.for example例如 21.think about考虑 22.even if即使尽管纵容23.look for寻找 24.worry about担心担忧 25.make word cards制作单词卡片 26.ask the teacher for help向老师求助 27.read aloud大声读 28.spoken english英语口语 29.give a report作报告 30.word by word一字一字地 31.so……that如此……以至于 32.fall in love with爱上 33.something interesting有趣的事情 34.take notes记笔记 35.how often多久一次 36.a lot of许多 37.the ability to do sth.做某事的能力 38.learning habits学习习惯 39.be interested in对……感兴趣 40.get bored感到无聊 41.be good at在……方面擅长 42.be afraid of害怕 43.each other彼此互相 44.instead of代替而不是 二.用法集萃祝同学们中考取得好成绩，为中华民族的伟大复兴奉献自己的力量） 1.by doing sth通过做某事 2.it+be+adj+to do sth做某事是……的 3.finish doing sth完成某事 4.what about doing sth？做某事怎么样？ 5.try to do sth尽力做某事 6.the+比较近，the+比较近越……，就越…… 7.find it+adj+to do sth发现做某事 8.be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事 9.help sb(to)do sth帮助某人做某事 10.practice doing sth练习做某事11.keep doing sth一直做某事 12.be afraid to do sth害怕做某事 13.begin to do sth开始做某事 14.want to do sth想要做某事 15.need to do sth需要做某事 16.remember to do sth记得做某事 17.shoot射（射着，射死等表结果） 18.shoot at（瞄准）射 祝同学们中考取得好成绩，为中华民族的伟大复兴奉献自己的力量） Unit2I think that mooncakes are
7下英语知识点 姓名：班级： 几组近义词： 一、speak/say/tell/talk（说） eg:1.I can_____English. 2.Hello! Can I _______ to Tom? 1.Our teacher often _______” Don’t swim in the river alone.” 2.I want to _______ with you. 3.Let’s _______ about the wether. 4.Can you _______me a story? 5.He ______ us to arrive at school on time. 二、take/spend/pay/cost（花） 1.花某人一些时间做某事： 2.某人花一些时间做某事： 3.某人花一些钱在某物上： 4.某人为某物花一些钱： 5.某物花某人一些钱： 三、Also/too/either(也) 肯定句子中用：肯定句尾用：否定句尾用： 1.I’m ten years old. He is____ ten years old. 2.I’m ten years old. He is ten years old,________. 3.I’m not ten years old. He isn’t ten years old,_________. 四、some/any. 1.There is_______water in the glass.
2.There isn’t_______water in the glass. 3.Is there _______water in the glass? 4.Would you like ______noodles? 5.How about _______flowers? 五、Still与yet 1.I am ________hungry. 2.I am not sure_________. 六、Interesting与interested 1.The story is ___________ 2.I am _________in soccer. 3.She is _________in the __________book. 类同词:bored/ boring,excited/exciting,relaxed/relaxing, Surprised/surprising 七、Shout at与shout to 八、Question 与problem 九、Other 与else 1.What ______can you see in the picture? 2.What _______animals can you see in the picture? 3.I have two sisters. One lives in Yibin ,_________lives in Beijing. 4.There are some people in the park.Some are taking a walk,______ are talking happily. 5.We should help each_______. 6.I don’t like this pen ,Can you show me __________ one.
新目标英语七年级下册知识点总结 Unit1Canyouplaytheguitar？ 1，情态动词+V原cando=beabletodo 2，Play+the+乐器 +球类，棋类 3，join 参加社团、组织、团体 4，4个说的区别：say+内容 Speak+语言 Talk谈论talkaboutsth talkwithsb talktosb Tell告诉，讲述tellsb（not）todosth Tellstories/jokes 5，want=wouldlike+（sb）todosth 6，4个也的区别：too肯定句末（前面加逗号） Either否定句末（前面加逗号） Also 行前be后 Aswell 口语中（前面不加逗号） 7，begoodat+V-ing=dowellin 擅长于 begoodfor对,有益（bebadfor对,有害） begoodto对,友好（good可用friendly，nice，kind替换） begoodwith和,相处好=geton/alongwellwith 8，特殊疑问句的构成：疑问词+一般疑问句 9，How/whatabout+V-ing ,怎么样？（表建议） 10，感官动词（look,sound,taste,smell,feel）+adj/like 11，选择疑问句：回答不能直接用Yes或者No，要从中选择一个回答 12，studentswantedforschoolshow（wanted表示招募，含有被动意义） 13，showsthtosb=showsbsth givesthtosb=givesbsth 14，helpsb（to）dosth Helpsbwithsth Withsb’shelp=withthehelpofsb Helponeselfto随便享用 15，bebusydoingsth/bebusywithsth 16，needtodosth 17，befree=havetime 18，havefriends=makefriends 19，callsbat+电话号码 20，ontheweekend=onweekends 21，English-speakingstudents说英语的学生（带有连词符，有形容词性质）22，dokungfu表演功夫 Unit2Whattimedoyougotoschool？ 1，问时间用whattime或者when
人教版九年级全册英语重点语法知识点复习提纲 一. 介词by的用法（Unit-1重点语法） 1. 意为“在……旁”，“靠近”。 Some are singing and dancing under a big tree. Some are drawing by the lake. 有的在大树下唱歌跳舞。有的在湖边画画儿。 2. 意为“不迟于”，“到……时为止”。 Your son will be all right by supper time. 你的儿子在晚饭前会好的。 How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term? 到上个学期末你们已经学了多少首英语歌曲? 3. 表示方法、手段,可译作“靠”、“用”、“凭借”、“通过”、“乘坐”等。 The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing. 猴子用尾巴吊在树上哈哈大笑。 The boy’s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph. 孩子的父亲是那么的感激,于是他教爱迪生怎样通过铁路电报来传达信息。 4. 表示“逐个”，“逐批”的意思。 One by one they went past the table in the dark. 他们一个一个得在黑暗中经过这张桌子。 5. 表示“根据”，“按照”的意思。 What time is it by your watch? 你的表几点了? 6. 和take , hold等动词连用，说明接触身体的某一部分。 I took him by the hand. 我拉住了他的手。
2017新人教版九年级英语全册知识点归纳 Unit 1 How can we become good learners? 短语总结: 1. good learners 优秀的学习者 2. work with friends 和朋友一起学习 3. study for a test 备考 4.have conversations with 与……交谈 5.speaking skills 口语技巧 6.a little 有点儿 7.at first 起初起先 8.the secret to......， .......的秘诀 9.because of 因为 10.as well 也 11.look up (在词典中等)查阅；抬头看 12.so that 以便，为了 13.the meaning of ……的意思 14.make mistakes 犯错误 15.talk to 交谈 16.depend on 依靠依赖 17.in common 共有的 18.pay attention to 注意关注 19.connect ……with ……把……联系 20.for example 例如 21.think about 考虑 22.even if 即使尽管纵容23.look for 寻找 24.worry about 担心担忧 25.make word cards 制作单词卡片 26.ask the teacher for help 向老师求助 27.read aloud 大声读 28.spoken english 英语口语 29.give a report 作报告 30.word by word 一字一字地 31.so……that 如此……以至于 32.fall in love with 爱上 33.something interesting 有趣的事情 34.take notes 记笔记 35.how often 多久一次 36.a lot of 许多 37.the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力 38.learning habits 学习习惯 39.be interested in 对……感兴趣 40.get bored 感到无聊 41.be good at 在……方面擅长 42.be afraid of 害怕 43.each other 彼此互相 44.instead of 代替而不是 二.用法集萃 1. by doing sth 通过做某事 2.it +be+adj+to do sth 做某事是……的 3.finish doing sth 完成某事 4.what about doing sth？做某事怎么样？ 5.try to do sth 尽力做某事 6.the +比较近，the+比较近越……，就越…… 7.find it+adj+to do sth 发现做某事 8.be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 9.help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事10.practice doing sth 练习做某事 11.keep doing sth 一直做某事 12.be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 13.begin to do sth 开始做某事 14.want to do sth 想要做某事 15.need to do sth 需要做某事 16.remember to do sth 记得做某事 17.shoot 射（射着，射死等表结果） 18.shoot at（瞄准）射
七年级下 unit1 一、短语： ◆短语归纳 1. play chess 下国际象棋 2. play the guitar 弹吉他 3. speak English 说英语 4. English club 英语俱乐部 5. talk to 跟…说 6. play the violin 拉小提琴 7. play the piano 弹钢琴8. play the drums 敲鼓9. make friends 结交朋友10. do kung fu 练 (中国) 功夫 11. tell stories 讲故事 12. play games 做游戏 13. on the weekend/on weekends 在周末 14 show sth to sb = show sb sth 把某物给某人看 ◆用法集萃 ◆典句必背 1. Can you draw? Yes, I can. / No, I can’t. 2. What club do you want to join? I want to join the chess club. 3. You can join the English club. 4. Sounds good./That sounds good. 5. I can speak English and I can also play soccer. 6. Please call Mrs. Miller at 555-3721. 二、短语和语法： 1. — Can you play the guitar? 你会弹吉他吗？ —Yes, I can. 是的，我会。—No, I can’t. 不，我不会。①情态动词can的用法： 情态动词无人称和数目的变化，不能独立使用作谓语，后面必须接动词原形，情态动词和动词原形一起构成谓语。常用的情态动词有：can, may, must, need。含情态动词的句子一般疑问句是把情态动词提到句首，否定句是在情态动词后加not。 ② play the guitar“弹吉他”，play后加乐器名词时，乐器名词前要加the，“play + the+乐器”表示“弹奏某种乐器”。play后加球类名词时，球类名词前不加the，“play +球类名词”表示“踢、打某种球”。 2. Can you speak English? 你会说英语吗？ speak English“说英语”，“speak + 语言”表示“说某种语言”。 say it in English “用英语说它”，如：Can you say it in English? 3.I want to join the art club. 我想加入艺术俱乐部。 (1).join是动词，意为“参加，加入”，后面接表示团体、俱乐部或组织的词作宾语，意为“加入某种团体、俱乐部或组织，并成为其中的一员”。①若想表示加入某项活动、聚会、比赛等时，要加介词in。②join还可以用于“join sb ( in doing sth)”结构中，意为“加入到某人中（一起做某事）”。 (2).对俱乐部的名称进行提问时，疑问词用What club，如：I want to join the art club.对划线部分进行提问时，答案是：What club do you want to join? 4. What can you do? 你会干什么？ What can you do? 是对主语会干的动作进行提问。如：He can play the piano.（对划线部分进行提问）答案是：What can he do? 5. Are you good with kids? 你和孩子们相处的好吗？ be good with sb 意为“和某人相处的好”， be good for···意为“对······有益处”， be good at···意为“擅长······” 1. play +棋类/球类下……棋，打……球 2. play the +西洋乐器弹/拉……乐器 3. be good at doing sth.= do well in doing sth. 擅长做某事 4. be good with sb. 和某人相处地好 5. need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事 6. can + 动词原形能/会做某事
九年级上册英语复习资料 九年级英语Unit1 1. by + doing 通过……方式如：by studying with a group by 还可以表示：“在…旁”、“靠近”、“在…期间”、“用、”“经 过”、“乘车”等 2.talk about 谈论，议论，讨论 talk to sb. =talk with sb. 与某人说话 3. 提建议的句子： ①What/ how about +doing sth.? ②Why don’t you + do sth.? ③Why not + do sth. ? ④Let’s + do sth. ⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 4. too…to 太…而不能 常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth So…to 如此…以至于 not …at all 一点也不根本不 5. be / get excited about sth.= be / get excited about doing sth. =be excited to do sth. 对…感兴奋 6 first of all 首先 to begin with 一开始 later on 后来、随 also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间 either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 too 也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末
make mistakes 犯错 make up 组成、构成 7. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人） enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做…乐意做… enjoy oneself 过得愉快 8. one of +(the+ 形容词比较级)+名词复数形式…其中之一 9. It’s +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事… 句中的it 是形式主语，真正的主语是to study English 10. deal with =do with 处理 11.see sb. / sth. do 看见某人（经常）做某事 see sb. / sth. doing 看见某人正在做某事强调正在发生12.too many 许多修饰可数名词 too much 许多修饰不可数名词 much too 太修饰形容词 13 .compare … to …把…与…相比 九年级英语Unit2 1. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 否定形式：didn’t use to do sth. / used not to do sth. 2.反意疑问句 ①肯定陈述句＋否定提问②否定陈述句＋肯定提问 ④陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly,nobody等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。
九年级英语全册各单元知识点总结 Unit 1 How can we become good learners? 一、短语： 1.have conversation with sb. 同某人谈话 2.connect …with… 把…和…连接/联系起来 3.the secret to… ……的秘诀 4.be afraid of doing sth./to do sth. 害怕做某事 5.look up 查阅 6.repeat out loud 大声跟读 7.make mistakes in 在……方面犯错误8.get bored 感到厌烦 9.be stressed out 焦虑不安的10.pay attention to 注意；关注 11.depend on 取决于；依靠12.the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力 二、知识点： 1. by + doing：通过……方式（by是介词，后面要跟动名词，也就是动词的ing形式）； 2. a lot：许多，常用于句末； 3. aloud, loud与loudly的用法，三个词都与“大声”或“响亮”有关。 ①aloud是副词，通常放在动词之后。 ①loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时，常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用，多用于比较级， 须放在动词之后。 ①loudly是副词，与loud同义，有时两者可替换使用，可位于动词之前或之后。 4. not …at all：一点也不，根本不，not经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾； 5. be / get excited about sth.：对…感到兴奋； 6. end up doing sth：终止/结束做某事；end up with sth.：以…结束； 7. first of all：首先（这个短语可用在作文中，使得文章有层次）； 8. make mistakes：犯错make a mistake 犯一个错误； 9. laugh at sb.：笑话；取笑（某人）（常见短语） 10. take notes：做笔记/记录； 11. native speaker 说本国语的人； 12. make up：组成、构成； 13. deal with：处理、应付； 14. perhaps = maybe：也许； 15. go by：（时间）过去； 16.each other：彼此； 17.regard… as … ：把…看作为…； 18.change… into…：将…变为…； 19. with the help of sb. = with one's help 在某人的帮助下（注意介词of和with，容易出题） 20. compare … to …：把…比作… compare with 拿…和…作比较； 21. instead：代替，用在句末，副词； instead of sth / doing sth：代替，而不是（这个地方考的较多的就是instead of doing sth，也就是说如果of后面跟动词时，要用动名词形式，也就是动词的ing形式） 22.Shall we/ I + do sth.? 我们/我…好吗？ 23. too…to：太…而不能，常用的句型是too+形容词/副词+ to do sth.
新目标英语七年级下册知识点总结 Unit 1 Can you play the guitar？ 1，情态动词+V原can do= be able to do 2，Play+ the+ 乐器 +球类，棋类 3，join 参加社团、组织、团体 4，4个说的区别：say+内容 Speak+语言 Talk 谈论talk about sth talk with sb talk to sb Tell 告诉，讲述tell sb （not）to do sth Tell stories/ jokes 5，want= would like +（sb）to do sth 6，4个也的区别：too 肯定句末（前面加逗号） Either否定句末（前面加逗号） Also 行前be 后 As well 口语中（前面不加逗号） 7，be good at+ V-ing=do well in 擅长于 be good for 对…有益（be bad for对…有害） be good to 对…友好（good 可用friendly，nice，kind替换） be good with和…相处好=get on/ along well with 8，特殊疑问句的构成：疑问词+一般疑问句 9，How/ what about+V-ing …怎么样？（表建议） 10，感官动词（look, sound, taste, smell, feel）+adj/ like 11，选择疑问句：回答不能直接用Yes或者No，要从中选择一个回答 12，students wanted for school show（wanted表示招募，含有被动意义） 13，show sth to sb=show sb sth give sth to sb=give sb sth 14，help sb （to）do sth Help sb with sth With sb’s help= with the help of sb Help oneself to 随便享用 15，be busy doing sth/ be busy with sth 16，need to do sth 17，be free= have time 18，have friends= make friends 19，call sb at +电话号码 20，on the weekend= on weekends 21，English-speaking students 说英语的学生（带有连词符，有形容词性质） 22，do kung fu表演功夫 Unit 2 What time do you go to school？ 1，问时间用what time或者when At+钟点at 7 o’clock at noon/ at night（during/ in the day） On+ 具体某天、星期、特指的一天on April 1st on Sunday on a cold winter morning In +年、月、上午、下午、晚上 2，时间读法：顺读法 逆读法：分钟≤30用past five past eight（8:05）half past eight（8:30）
1) leave的用法 1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如： When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的？ 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如： Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如：Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京？ 2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用
should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如： How should I know? 我怎么知道？ Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？ should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如： We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。 我们在使用时要注意以下几点： 1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如： You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如： You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。
3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如： We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。 3) What...? 与Which...? 1. what 与which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如： What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？ 该句相当于： What does your father do? What is your father's job? Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如：
人教版九年级英语知识点总结 Unit 1 一、知识点 1.Check in : 在旅馆的登记入住。Check out: 在旅馆结账离开。 2.By: ①通过…..方式（途径）。例：I learn English by listening to tapes. ②在…..旁边。例：by the window/the door ③乘坐交通工具例：by bus/car ④在……之前,到……为止。例：by October在10月前 ⑤被例：English is spoken by many people. 3.how与what的区别： how通常对方式或程度提问,意思有：怎么样如何,通常用来做状语、表语。 what通常对动作的发出者或接受者提问,意思为什么,通常做宾语,主语。 ①How is your summer holiday? It’s OK.(how表示程度做表语) ②How did you travel around the world? I travel by air. ③What do you learn at school? I learn English, math and many other subjects. ①What…think of…? How…like…? ②What…do with…? How…deal with…? ③What…like about…? How…like…? ④What’s the weather like today? How’s the weather today? ⑤What to do? How to do it? e.g. What do you think of this book?=How do you like this book? I don’t know what I should do with the matter.=I don’t know how I should deal with it. What do you like about China?=How do you like China? I do n’t know what to do next step?=I don’t know how to do it next step? ㊣What good / bad weather it is today!（weather为不可数名词,其前不能加 a ） ㊣What a fine / bad day it is today! （day为可数名词,其前要加 a ） 4. aloud, loud与loudly的用法: 三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。 ①aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大, 常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级形式。 如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。 ②loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。 ③loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往 含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。 5. voice 指人的嗓音也指鸟鸣。 sound 指人可以听到的各种声音。 noise 指噪音、吵闹声 6. find + 宾语+ 宾补（名词形容词介词短语分词等） 例：I find him friendly. I found him working in the garden. We found him in bed. He found the window closed. We found her honest. 7. 常见的系动词有： ①是：am 、is、are ②保持：keep、stay ③转变：e、get、turn ④……起来feel、look、smell、taste、sound 8. get + 宾语+宾补（形容词过去分词动词不定式）使某种情况发生 例：Get the shoes clean. 把鞋擦干净 让格林先生进来 I want to get my bike repaired. 我想去修自行车 You can’t get him waiting. 你不能让他老等着 9. 动词不定式做定语 ①与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系 ②与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系 I have nothing to say. I need a pen to write with. I need some paper to write on. I don’t have a room to live in. 10. practice , fun 做名词为不可数名词 11. add 补充说又说 12. join 加入某团体并成为其中一员attend 出席参加会议或讲座 join in与take part in指参加到某项活动中去。
新人教版七年级英语下册知识点全总结 Unit1 Can you play the guitar? ◆短语归纳 1. play chess 下国际象棋 2. play the guitar 弹吉他 3. speak English 说英语 4. English club 英语俱乐部 5. talk to 跟…说 6. play the violin 拉小提琴 7. play the piano 弹钢琴 8. play the drums 敲鼓 9. make friends 结交朋友 10. do kung fu 练(中国) 功夫 11. tell stories 讲故事 12. play games 做游戏 13. on the weekend/on weekends 在周末 ◆用法集萃 1. play +棋类/球类下…棋/打…球 2. play the +西洋乐器弹/拉…乐器 3. be good at doing sth.= do well in doing sth. 擅长做某事 4. be good with sb. 和某人相处地好
5. need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事 6. can + 动词原形能/会做某事 7. a little + 不可数名词一点儿… 加入…俱乐部 8. join the…club 9. like to do sth. =love to do sth. 喜欢/喜爱做某事 ◆典句必背 1. —Can you draw? 你会画画吗？ 是的，我会。/不，我不会。 —Yes, I can./No, I can’t. 2. —What club do you want to join? 你想加入哪个俱乐部？ —I want to join the chess club. 我想加入国际象棋俱乐部。 3. You can join the English club. 你可以加入英语俱乐部。 4. Sounds good./That sounds good. 听上去很好。 5. I can speak English and I can also play soccer. 我会说英语也会踢足球。 6. Please call Mrs. Miller at 555-3721. 请给米勒夫人拨打电话555-3721。 ◆话题写作 主题：介绍自己特长/强项 Dear Sir, I want to join your organization (组织) to help kids with sports, music and English.