CATTI一级笔译2个实用的备考方法
一次性通过一级口笔译后，我想分享2个实用的备考方法,下面就和大家分享CATTI一级笔译经验分享，希望能够帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。
一次性通过一级口笔译后，我想分享2个实用的备考方法CATTI备考方法
视译的好处
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首先是视译的使用。虽然说视译的首要使命是为了培养同传的习惯，但是其实对交传，甚至笔译学习也有所帮助。
还记得Lynn老师说她当时备考一笔，因为时间紧张，也常用视译的方法。
当然，除了时间上的经济性，还有一点就是Andrew老师分享的翻译研究进修课总结中，一位教授提到的观点，大意是说许多笔译翻得纷繁冗杂，倒不如大概按语序进行适当的拆分。
虽然说笔译比起口译来，因为可以不断回顾上下文，对内容的把握肯定更为完整和全面，但是常为了追求完美，特别是在英
译中时，有人常常捯饬和堆砌修饰成分，把空灵飘逸的中文翻得厚重得令人喘不过气。
因此在遇到一些长难句时，倘若使用视译的方法，把目光所及的内容先翻出来，再去组织下一部分内容，虽然常常要补充本部分有所缺失的内容，比如主语、谓语、状语等，但是整个句子的表意能更加流畅自如。
如何使用翻译材料
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第二点是材料通过多种方法反复使用。许多人谈过笔译的经验，要对一篇*反复翻译、回译，甚至过一段时间再拿出来译一译，才能彻底掌握和提高。
我并非专攻笔译，所以没能做到这一点。但是就口译而言，之前看到蒙特雷国际翻译学院的一位老师，在视频中谈到了学员的问题，其中一点便是，不论做得好不好，材料只要做完就丢了，不再进行回顾，所以容易囫囵吞枣，消化不良，吸收不到位。
这个问题的确很普遍，我自己读研时也犯过这样错。我之前认为，特别是对口译而言，如果都做过一遍了，语段已经失去了神秘感和新鲜感(因为口译的语段不像笔译的那样一览无余，尽收眼底，所以口译也可以说是某种慢慢揭秘的过程)，那么再做一遍只是在做机械的重复而已。
但其实后面慢慢尝试多做几遍，发现正如同笔译一般，即使貌似全部听懂了，也总会发现自己会有翻得不好的地方，讲话舌头打结的地方，甚至理解不到位的地方。
即使倘若其中某种形式，比如交传，感觉做来春风拂面，毫无阻碍，那么便尝试做做同传，随后便可以看文本总结一下，对翻译难点，思考一下如果是笔译会怎么翻，如果是视译，怎么翻能翻得更好?我想同个文本，除非是非常直白的文段，否则大多可以自己想出三五种区别明显的翻法。
以上便是借业内专家的看法，顺便带出了我自己的一点见解。虽然考试能过，是莫大的肯定和幸运，但是这主要还是针对基础能力的测试。希望以后继续提升自己的实务能力，通过其他相关考试。
CATTI相关问题
全国考办权威解答CATTI证书相关问题
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8月15日，上半年翻译专业资格考试成绩公布，虽然合格分数线尚未公布，但很多取得不错成绩的考生已经在咨询翻译资格证书相关问题。官网记者带着这些问题采访了全国翻译专业资格考试办公室。
问：成绩公布多久后可以领取证书?在什么地方领取?
答：合格分数线公布后，国家人社部相关部门便开始统一制作证书，制作完成后便会发到各省级人事考试机构，各人事考试机构就开始逐步发放证书，时间因各地不一，请大家关注翻译考试官网或各地人事考试网。证书在报考所在地人事考试部门领取。
问：成绩达到合格线就可以领取证书吗?
答：二、三级是达到合格线就可以领取证书。一级只发放成绩通知单。
问：为什么一级翻译达到合格线后，还不能领取证书?
答：一级翻译通过考试只能领取成绩单。
要获得一级翻译证书，首先，考生需要达到评委会要求的分数，然后凭成绩单及相关业绩材料，在满足一定年限的前提下，参加一级翻译的评审，只有通过评审后才能领取一级翻译证书。
需要注意的是，达到国家统一合格线的成绩长期有效，只达到评委会分数线但未达到国家统一合格线的，该成绩只在当次评审有效。
具体年限可查阅《资深翻译和一级翻译专业资格(水平)评价办法(试行)》(人社部发[20XX]51号)。
问：证书领取后需要交到档案部门存档吗?
答：考生领取证书后，应将证书复印件、专业技术资格登记表(部分省市在发放证书的同时会发放)交到档案部门存档，作为未来证明自己专业技术等级的材料。机关事业单位、国企等体制内的考生务必要咨询人事部门，将相关材料存入个人档案。
问：翻译资格证书和职称如何对应?
答：取得一级翻译证书，则获得副高职称;取得二级翻译证书，在满足一定年限后，则获得中级职称;取得三级翻译证书，在满足一定年限后，则获得初级职称。
具体年限要求可参阅《关于开展2019年全国翻译系列职称评审工作的通知》(外文职改字[2019]102号)。
问：翻译资格证书有有效期吗?证书需要注册登记吗?
答：翻译资格证书长期有效，证书不需要注册登记。但部分单位或评委会可能在高一级评审或晋升时要求继续教育学时。
上半年CATTI考试合格分数线会下调吗?
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近日，中国外文局职改办一则关于2019年一级翻译参评分数线的通知在众多参加上半年翻译资格考试的考生中引起轩然大波。因为翻译资格考试自2003年开考以来，除了有一年同声传译分数线为70外，其他每次考试各科目合格标准均为60，但
2015上半年CATTI三级笔译真题及参考答案——英译汉 Section1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points) Forgenerations, coal has been the lifeblood of this mineral-rich stretch ofeastern Utah. Mining families proudly recall all the years they toiledunderground. Supply companies line the town streets. Above the road that windstoward the mines, a soot-smudged miner peers out from a billboard with theslogan “Coal =Jobs.” 犹他州东部有一个矿产丰富的小镇，那里的人们祖祖辈辈都以采煤为生。一提起在地下辛苦采煤时的情景，每个家庭总是倍感骄傲。街道两旁的煤炭供应公司一个挨着一个。在通往矿井的蜿蜒小路上方的广告牌上，一个满脸炭灰的矿工凝视着远方，旁边的标语写着“煤炭=工作”。 Butrecently, fear has settled in. The state’s oldest coal-fired power plant,tucked among the canyons near town, is set to close, a result of new, stricterfederal pollution regulations. 但是最近，小镇的人们心里充满了恐惧。联邦政府新颁布了一套更为严格的污染管理条例，这使得小镇附近峡谷之中的一家美国最古老的燃煤电厂频临倒闭。 As energy companies tack away from coal, toward cleaner, cheaper natural gas, people here have grown increasingly afraid that their community may soon slip away. Dozens of workers at the facility here, the Carbon Power Plant, have learned that they must retire early or seek other jobs. Local trucking and equipment outfits are preparing to take business elsewhere. 由于能源公司纷纷弃用煤炭，转而使用更清洁、更廉价的天然气，小镇的人们越来越害怕，他们的家园可能很快就会人去楼空。卡本电厂的几十名工人早就意识到，他们要么提前退休，要么另谋职业。当地的货运和装配人员正准备开发外地的业务。
CATTI三级笔译考试复习方法 一、三笔综合能力部分，满分100分。 三级笔译综合能力的题型全部是单选。题型有： 1)20个单词单项选择(联系上下文选择合适单词)； 2)20个近义词单项选择； 3)20个改错的单项选择每个题1分； 4)3个阅读理解，每个题10个小题，每题1分； 5)1个完形填空(包括20个小题)，每个0.5分。 三笔是什么难度呢?专四通过的话，综合能力是没问题的。综合能力注重词汇、语法与阅读能力，考生要在平时注重基础英语的学习。高译教育建议考生把更多的学习精力放在实务，实务才是看翻译功夫的地方。 二、三笔实务部分，满分100分。 题型：英译汉，1篇文章，600个单词左右；汉译英，1篇文章，400字左右。 备考建议： 1)对于复习资料，可分为精读和泛读两部分。 精读的是CATTI三笔的教材、教材辅导书、政府报告等；泛读的书基本都是笔译理论系列的书。后者是建立主干、框架，目的是让考生能够在复杂的句式、英汉思维转换中知道自己应该使用何种方法和技巧来翻译。如果考生一开始就是在“跟着感觉译”，对翻译方法糊里糊涂的话，翻译时就会越来越没有头绪。前者是为后者添枝加叶，
有着主干的大方向的指导，即使再接触不同的材料和句子也不会迷糊，因为考生明确地知道自己应使用哪种翻译策略和方法来进行翻译。 2)先读懂，才能谈得上翻译。 读懂，不是指将生词查出就懂了这么简单的，如果翻译的难度是建立在生词之上，那CATTI的笔译考试都是让带词典进入考场的，为什么还有不通过考试的呢?显然，这不是单词认知多少的事。英语多长句，一句话几十个词是经常的事。怎样将像葡萄串一样的句子断成竹节一样的句子(地道的汉语多短小句，像竹节一样)，这就是读懂与没读懂的分水岭。准确地切分句子，这考验的是英语语法的功底。很多人说，即使对英语语法一知半解也不耽误英语说的好。但是，如果想翻译得对，没有坚实的语法功底一定是不行的，如果连正确地翻译都达不到，何谈翻译得好呢？因此，英语语法，有必要好好夯实。 3)要10篇文章翻译10遍，也不要100篇文章翻译1遍。 如果你练习多了就会发现：其实英语句子的形式及种类是有限的。如果一篇文章涵盖不了所有句式，那10篇文章就差不多了。关键是考生是否能把每一篇文章都反复琢磨至少十遍以上，你看100篇其实也就是不同的话题而已，表达方式都是差不多的。三级笔译的文章话题是日常性的，像报纸新闻、历史描述等等，并不是像二级笔译考试那样专业性那么强。三级笔译考察的更倾向于翻译的基本功和翻译方法，建议考生在平时适当地看一些国际新闻、报纸等。 4)总结，再总结
2019年CATTI二级笔译英译汉真题及参考答案 【第一篇】 So where there is financial connection, we see that rapid improvements in quality of life can quickly follow. In our modern context, there are several important channels to achieving this greater financial connectivity. I want to highlight two today: increased capital mobility and increased financial inclusion. First, enabling capital to flow more freely. Allowing capital to flow across borders can help support inclusive growth. Right now, foreign direct investment —FDI — is only 1.9 percent of GDP in developing countries. Before the global financial crisis, it was at 2.5 percent. Making progress on major infrastructure needs will require capital flows to rise again and to be managed safely. Greater openness to capital flows can also bring down the cost of finance, improve the efficiency of the financial sector, and allow capital to support productive investments and new jobs. Challenges that come with opening up capital markets. Thankfully, we know from experience the elements that are required for success. These include sound financial regulation, transparent rules for investment, and attention to fiscal sustainability. We also need increased financial inclusion. A few numbers: close to half of the adult population in low and middle-income Asia-Pacific economies do not have a bank account. Less than 10 percent have ever borrowed from a financial institution. And yet, we know that closing the finance gap is an “economic must-have” for nations to thrive in the 21st century. IMF analysis shows that if the least financially inclusive countries in Asia narrowed the finance gap to the level of Thailand — an emerging market economy — the poverty rate in those countries could be reduced by nearly 4 percent. How can we get there? In part, through policies that enable more women and rural citizens to access financial services. The financial gender gap for women in developing countries is about 9 percent and has remained largely unchanged since 2011. There is no silver bullet, but we know that fintech can play a catalyzing role. In Cambodia, for example, strong public-private partnerships in supporting mobile finance has led to a tripling in the number of micro-financial institutions since 2011. These institutions have now provided loans to over 2 million new borrowers, representing nearly 20 percent of the adult population. Many of these citizens had never had a bank account. Now they can save for the future and perhaps even start a business of their own. These are ideas that can work everywhere. But countries have to be willing to partner and learn from each other. That is one of the major reasons why last October, the IMF and World Bank launched the Bali Fintech Agenda. The agenda lays out key principles — from developing financial markets to safeguarding financial integrity — that can help each nation as it strives for greater financial inclusion. 【第一篇参考答案】
2006年5月英语CATTI三级《笔译实务》真题 试题部分： Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (英译汉) (60 points) Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this section is 120 minutes. Freed by warming, waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing at coastal settlements around the Arctic Circle. In Bykovsky, a village of 457 on Russia's northeast coast, the shoreline is collapsing, creeping closer and closer to houses and tanks of heating oil, at a rate of 15 to 18 feet a year. "It is practically all ice - permafrost - and it is thawing." For the four million people who live north of the Arctic Circle, a changing climate presents new opportunities. But it also threatens their environment, their homes and, for those whose traditions rely on the ice-bound wilderness, the preservation of their culture. A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry. Coastal erosion is a problem in Alaska as well, forcing the United States to prepare to relocate several Inuit villages at a projected cost of $100 million or more for each one. Across the Arctic, indigenous tribes with traditions shaped by centuries of living in extremes of cold and ice are noticing changes in weather and wildlife. They are trying to adapt, but it can be confounding. In Finnmark, Norway's northernmost province, the Arctic landscape unfolds in late winter as an endless snowy plateau, silent but for the cries of the reindeer and the occasional whine of a snowmobile herding them. A changing Arctic is felt there, too. "The reindeer are becoming unhappy," said Issat Eira, a 31-year-old reindeer herder. Few countries rival Norway when it comes to protecting the environment and preserving indigenous customs. The state has lavished its oil wealth on the region, and Sami culture has enjoyed something of a renaissance. And yet no amount of government support can convince Mr. Eira that his livelihood, intractably entwined with the reindeer, is not about to change. Like a Texas cattleman, he keeps the size of his herd secret. But he said warmer temperatures in fall and spring were melting the top layers of snow, which then refreeze as ice, making it harder for his reindeer to dig through to the lichen they eat. "The people who are making the decisions, they are living in the south and they are living in towns," said Mr. Eira, sitting inside his home made of reindeer hides. "They don't mark the change of weather. It is only people who live in nature and get resources from nature who mark it." Section 2: Chinese-English Translation(汉译英) (40 points) Translate the following passage into English. The time for this section is 60 minutes. 维护世界和平，促进共同发展，谋求合作共赢，是各国人民的共同愿望，也是不可抗拒的当今时代潮流。中国高举和平、发展、合作的旗帜，坚持走和平发展道路，与世界各国一道，共同致力于建设一个持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。 中国与世界从未像今天这样紧密相连。中国政府把中国人民的根本利益与各国人民的共同利益结合起来，坚持奉行防御性的国防政策。中国的国防服从和服务于国家发展战略和安全战略，旨在维护国家安全统一，确保实现全面建设小康社会的宏伟目标。中国永远是维护世界和平、安全、稳定的坚定力量。 中国在经济不断发展的基础上推进国防和军队现代化，是适应世界新军事变革发展趋势、维护国家安全和发展利益的需要。中国不会与任何国家进行军备竞赛，不会对任何国家构成军事威胁。新世纪新阶段，中国把科学发展观作为国防和军队建设的重要指导方针，积极推进中国特色军事变革，努力实现国防和军队建设全面协调可持续发展。
致力于、从事于：be committed to 、engage in、embark on We will work to、look to、seek to、endeavor to、strive to我们要努力…… We will adopt +n Bear :承担，具有，结果，支撑，向左（右）转，携带 Score：赢得，得分，二十，报复，了解 Mark：标志，庆祝,表明，评价 Boast：吹嘘，拥有 Endow：赋予，资助 Harness: 利用，马具 发展、提高、促进、增加等意思：develop, upgrade, enrich, improve, advance, pursue, move forward, forge ahead, enhance, sharpen, widen, broaden, quicken, accelerate, speed up, step up 减少裁员: slash, cut(down), shed, downsize, diminish, dwindle、eliminate 超过exceed 、surpass 、top、overtake、transcend、go beyond 保卫、支持: safeguard、uphold、support 利用maximize、fully leverage、fully unleash、give full play to、make best use of showcase appear emerge represent deliver：实现，履行，发表， represent: 代表，表现，象征，回忆 on the rise、on the decrease、on the decline(在衰退中) gear to 适应，配合 prevail: 战胜，盛行 embrace：包含，接受，拥抱 cherish seize、grasp、 grapple with burden、saddle with Difference、disparity明显差异、discrepancy差异矛盾 usher 引领，开辟 carve out 创业，开拓，雕刻 identify 发现，确认，标志，使易于辨认。 blaze 燃烧，公开宣告 channel 引导mobilize 动员 footage negotiate 越过 surge 激增，巨浪 do sb a good turn 对某人有益
2018-11 【英译中】【Passage 1】 New drone footage gives a glimpse of the damage that Hawaii’s Big Island sustained in the wake of volcanic explosions in recent days. Smoke can be seen billowing off the lava as it creeps down roads and through wooded areas toward homes. Fires are visible with terrifying streams of brightness breaking through the surrounding areas of black. After a day of relative calm, Kilauea roared back in full force on Sunday,spewing lava 300 feet in the air, encroaching on a half mile of new ground and bringing the total number of destroyed structures to 35. 从无人机拍摄到的最新视频中，可以大概了解到近日火山喷发后，夏威夷大岛所遭受的损失情况。火山岩浆在道路上、树林里蔓延，直逼住家，岩浆所到处浓烟滚滚。在一片漆黑中可见多处大火，火光十分刺眼。基拉韦厄火山经过相对平静的一天后，周日又火力全开，将岩浆喷到300英尺高空，又侵蚀了半英里土地，共有35处建筑遭摧毁。 There have been 1,800 residents evacuated from their neighborhoods where cracks have been opening and spilling lava. In evacuated areas with relatively low sulfur dioxide levels, residents were allowed to return home for a few hours to collect belongings on Sunday and Monday. Officials said those residents – a little more than half of the evacuees — were allowed to return briefly, and they would continue to allow residents in if it could be done safely. 由于地面开裂、岩浆涌出，1800社区居民被疏散。周六周日，在二氧化硫浓度不高的被疏散区域，居民获准回家几个小时收拾家中物品。当地官员称，这些居民——约占被疏散居民总数的半数多些——被准许回家短暂停留，并且在保证安全的前提下，允许其他居民回家。 “Things got pretty active,” an official said at a Saturday press conference. “The eight volcanoes were pretty active, to the point where lava was spewing and the flow started spreading so we got additional damage out there. I’m not sure what the count is, but we thought it was just continuing to go. Fortunately, seismicity has laid down and the volcanoes have gone quiet now.” But officials had cautioned that while the lava flow was quiet, it wouldn’t be for long. “More volcano es could open up, the existing ones could get active again.” There’s a lot of lava under the ground so eventually it’s going to come up.” “这些火山变的很活跃，”一位官员在周六举行的新闻发布会上称，“有八个火山变的很活跃，岩浆喷出后，四处扩散，因此我们那里损失又多了些。我现在还不了解损失总数，但我们认为这个数字仍在不断攀升。庆幸地是，现在地震强度已经减弱，火山也开始平息下来了。”但是官员警告称，虽然岩浆流动慢下来了，
姓名：准考证号： 2012年度上半年全国翻译资格（水平）考试试卷 笔译实务 （英语·三级） 国家人事部中国外文局 二○一二年五月
Section1: English-Chinese Translation（英译汉）（50 points）Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this section is 100 minutes. PALOS DE LA FRONTERA, Spain — Back home in Gambia, Amadou Jallow was, at 22, a lover of reggae who had just finished college and had landed a job teaching science in a high school. But Europe beckoned. In his West African homeland, Mr. Jall ow?s salary was the equivalent of just 50 euros a month, barely enough for the necessities, he said. And everywhere in his neighborhood in Serekunda, Gambia?s largest city, there was talk of easy money to be made in Europe. Now he laughs bitterly about all that talk. He lives in a patch of woods here in southern Spain, just outside the village of Palos de la Frontera, with hundreds of other immigrants. They have built their homes out of plastic sheeting and cardboard, unsure if the water they drink from an open pipe is safe. After six years on the continent, Mr. Jallow is rail thin, and his eyes have a yellow tinge. “We are not bush people,” he said recently as he gathered twigs to start a fire. “You think you are civilized. But this is how we live here. We suffer here.” The political upheaval in Libya and elsewhere in North Africa has opened the way for thousands of new migrants to make their way to Europe across the Mediterranean. Already some 25,000 have reached the island of Lampedusa, Italy, and hundreds more have arrived at Malta. The boats, at first, brought mostly Tunisians. But lately there have been more sub-Saharans. Experts say thousands more — many of whom have been moving around North Africa trying to get to Europe for years, including Somalis, Eritreans, Senegalese and Nigerians — are likely to follow, sure that a better life awaits them. But for Mr. Jallow and for many others who arrived before them, often after days at sea without food or water, Europe has offered hardships they never imagined. These days Mr. Jallow survives on two meals a day, mostly a leaden paste made from flour and oil, which he stirs with a branch. “It keeps the hunger away,” he said. The authorities estimate that there are perhaps 10,000 immigrants living in the woods in the southern Spanish province of Andalusia, a region known for its crops of strawberries, raspberries and blueberries, and there are thousands more migrants in areas that produce olives, oranges and vegetables. Most of them have stories that echo Mr. Jal low?s. From the road, their encampments look like igloos tucked among the trees. Up close, the squalor is clear. Piles of garbage and flies are everywhere. Old clothes, stiff from dirt and rain, hang from branches. “There is everything in there,” said Diego Ca?amero, the leader of the farm workers? union in Andalusia, which tries to advocate for the men. “You have rats and snakes and mice and fleas.” The men in the woods do not call home with the truth, though. They send pictures of themselves posing next to Mercedes cars parked on the street, the kind of pictures that Mr. Jallow says he fell for so many years ago. Now he shakes his head toward his neighbors, who will not talk to reporters. “So many lies,” he said. “It is terrible what they are doing. But they are embarrassed.”
全国翻译资格考试三级笔译综合能力讲义 第一节考试内容介绍、定语从句讲解、练习及译法 第一部分考试介绍 一、考试题型 词汇和语法部分50题25分25分钟 阅读理解50题55分75分钟 完型填空20题20分20分钟 二、考试要求 掌握本大纲要的英语词汇；掌握并能够正确运用双语语法；具备对常用问题英语文章的阅读理解能力。 三、笔译综合能力试题的基本类型 第一部分词汇和语法部分可分为三大部分：词汇选择（Vocabulary and Grammar）1-20难度大约在四级左右；词语替代（Vocabulary Selection）21-40主要找出和划横线部分相同意思的词汇，难度在4级到6级之间；改错（Error Correction）主要有词汇和语法的两种错误。 第一部分考察的内容主要为近义词的辨析、短语介词和动词词组的搭配；语法点主要包括定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句、虚拟语气、非谓语动词等等。在其后会分专题来讲解。 第二部分阅读理解共5篇，字数在每篇150-450字之间，绝大多数在250字左右，每篇有5到10题，不定量。题材广泛，选题多样。类似于四级以上难度和题型，但是和专业四级题型更加相似。 第三部分为开放性完型填空，20空，共20分。题材广泛，选题多样。难度和专业四级等同。 四、基本复习策略 综合能力课程作为三级笔译必修的课程，主要是考察学生对于英语基本知识的了解，特别是对双语习惯的掌握，为了能够更好地为实务课程打下坚实的基础，所以希望每一位同学都不要对这门课程产生掉以轻心的念头。根据个人经验，我个人推荐以下几个复习的策略：第一、要对大纲的词汇做到十分熟悉，这种熟悉不是简单地认识，而是要学会使用，特别是在没有字典的帮助之下可以迅速而准确地判断搭配。 第二、对于语法结构的重视，但凡是学翻译就必须要对语法结构有着深入的了解，这种了解不是简单地会划分句子成分，而是将每个句子如何组合，这将决定你实务中的句型翻译的关键。 第三，阅读能力要强。任何考试都是得阅读者得天下，咱们的综合能力考试也不除外。包括实务考试，如果文章内容没有弄明白，那么对文章的翻译肯定是不行的。 以上三点经验之谈，仅供参考。 定语从句的讲解、练习及译法 1．that和which用法比较： 1) which用于非限定性定语从句中。 e.g.: He said he was busy, which was not true. 他说他很忙，那是假的。 We don’t want to enter the house, which is very cold. 我们不想进房间，因为太冷了。 2) which用于介词后做宾语。 e.g.: The room of which windows are opposite to the room is large. 窗户正对着海的房间很大。 The chair in which you are sitting is made of iron.
Section 1 V ocabulary and Grammar (60 points) This section consists of 3 parts. Read the direction for each part before answering the questions. Part 1 V ocabulary Selection In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C, and D respectively. Choose the word which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 1. From a young age, children begin a continuous process of evaluating themselves in the _____ of the opinions and comments of those around them. a. contrast b. return c. light d. spite 2. If you’re forced outside for hours ____ end, especially doing something physical, consider dumping water over your head or on your neck. a. at b. to c. in d. on 3. One reason for the cost of wave power is the need to make the equipment _____ to storm damage and corrosion. a. impassable b. impertinent c. imperious d. impervious 4. The study found that one in four people has missed an important appointment, and that nearly one in five has fallen ____ with a friend
Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (英译汉)(50 points) 文章来源：The New York Times The Money Ran Out; Then the Villagers Stepped In HIGUERA DE LA SERENA, Spain —It didn’t take long for Manuel Garc ía Murillo, a bricklayer who took over as mayor here last June, to realize that his town was in trouble. It was 800,000 euros, a little more than $1 million, in the red. There was no cash on hand to pay for anything —and there was work that needed to be done. But then an amazing thing happened, he said. Just as the health department was about to close down the day care center because it didn’t have a proper kitchen, Bernardo Benítez, a construction worker, offered to put up the walls and the tiles free. Then, Maria José Carmona, an adult education teacher, stepped in to clean the place up. And somehow, the volunteers just kept coming. Every Sunday now, the residents of this town in southwest Spain —young and old —do what needs to be done, whether it is cleaning the streets, raking the leaves, unclogging culverts or planting trees in the park. “It was an initiative from them,”said Mr. García. “Day to day we talked to people and we told them there was no money. Of course, they could see it. The grass in between the sidewalks was up to my thigh. “