《英美概况》复习卷
I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices:
B1. The highest mountain in Britain is ____.
A. Scafell
B. Ben Nevis
C. the Cotswold?s
D. the Forth
C2. The longest river in Britain is _____.
A. the Clyde
B. the Mersey
C. the Severn
D. the Thames
A3. The largest lake in Britain is _____.
A. the Lough Neagh
B. Windermere Water
C. Coniston Water
D. the Lake District
D4. Which part of Britain is always fighting?
A. England
B. Scotland
C. Wales
D. Northen Ireland
C5. The first inhabitants in Britain were _____.
A. the Normans
B. the Celts
C. the Iberians
D. the Anglo-Saxons
B6. Christmas Day ____, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.
A. 1056
B. 1066
C. 1006
D. 1060
D7. In 1265 ____ summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.
A. Henry III
B. the Pope
C. Barons
D. Simon de Montfort
B8. The Hundred Years? war started in ____ and ended in ____, in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of ____.
A. 1337, 1453, Flanders
B. 1337, 1453, Calais
C. 1346, 1453, Argencourt
D. 1346, 1453, Brest
A9. The Wars of Roses lasted for _____ years and king _____ was replaced by king _____.
A.30, Richard III, Henry Tudor
B. 50, Richard III, Henry Tudor
B. C. 30, Richard I, Henry Tudor D. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor
C10. The Renaissance began in ____ in the early ____ century.
A. England, 14
B. England, 15
C. Italy, 14
D. Italy, 15
B11. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the North America.
A. 1620, London
B. 1620, Plymouth
C. 1720, London
D. 1720, Plymouth
A12. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.
A. the Industrial Revolution
B. the Bourgeois Revolution
C. the Wars of the Roses
D. the Religious Reformation
C13. Soon after _____, Britain not only gave up its economic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position of industrial leadership.
A. 1900
B. the First World War
C. the Second World War
D. 1960
C14. Britain?s foreign trade is mainly with _____.
A. developing countries
B. other Commonwealth countries
C. other developed countries
D. EC
A15. The House of Lords is presided over by _____.
A. the Lord Chancellor
B. the Queen
C. the Archbishop of Canterbury
D. the Prime Minister
C16. A General Election is held every _____ years and there are _____ members of Parliaments are elected.
A. five, 600
B. five, 650
C. five, 651
D. four, 651
C17. The Prime Minister is appointed by _____ and he or she always sits in _____.
A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of Commons
B. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of Lords
C. the Queen, the House of Commons
D. the Queen, the House of Lords
D18. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in _____.
A. the Queen
B. the Cabinet
C. the House of Lords
D. the House of Commons
A19. The sources of British law include _____.
A. statutes, common law, equity law and European Community law
B. statutes, common law and equity law
C. statutes, common law and European Community law
D. a complete code and statutes
D20. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend _____.
A. independent schools
B. junior schools
C. independent schools
D. primary schools
A21. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____ by law.
A. receive completely free education
B. receive partly free education
C. receive no free education if their families are rich
D. receive no free education at all
D22. With regard to its size, the USA is the _____ country in the world.
A. largest
B. second largest
C. third largest
D. fourth largest
C23. All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except _____.
A. Yale
B. Harvard
C. Oxford
D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
D24. The nation?s capital city Washington D.C. and New York are located in _____.
A. the American West
B. the Great Plains
C. the Midwest
D. the Middle Atlantic States
A25. The Midwest in America?s mo st important _____ area.
A. agricultural
B. industrial
C. manufacturing
D. mining industry
D26. The first immigrants in American history came from ____ and ____.
A. Ireland/France
B. England/China
C. Scotland/England
D. England/Netherland
D27. Uncle T om’s Cabin and Roots are two novels which give a vivid description of the miserable life of the _____. A. early settlers B. Puritans C. native Indians D. black slaves
A28. Many early Chinese immigrants worked in the mining industry, especially in the _____.
A. gold mines
B. silver mines
C. coal mines
D. copper mines
B29. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by _____.
A. James Madison
B. Thomas Jefferson
C. Alexander Hamilton
D. George Washington
B30. On July 4, 1776, _____ adopted the Declaration of Independence.
A. the First Continental Congress
B. the Second Continental Congress
C. the Third Continental Congress
D. the Constitutional Convention
B31. Ten amendments introduced by James Madison in 1789 were added to the Constitution. They are knows as _____.
A. the Articles of Confederation
B. the Bill of Right
C. the Civil Rights
D. Federalist Papers
B32. President Jefferson bought _____ from France and doubled the country?s territory.
A. New Mexico
B. the Louisiana Territory
C. Kansas
D. Ohio
D33. During the WWII, the Axis powers were mainly made up by __.
A. Germany, France and Japan
B. France, Japan and Britain
C. Germany, Italy and Britain
D. German, Italy and Japan
Ｂ34. Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the _______ and the North Sea in the east.
A. east
B. south
C. west
D. north
Ｃ35. Ireland is divided into two political parts: _______ .
A. Northern Ireland and southern Ireland
B. Southern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland
C. the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland
D. Northern Ireland and Britain
Ｂ36. In 1932, in the depth of the depression, the American people chose _______ as their next president who promised a "new deal" to get America out of depression.
A. Theodore
B. Franklin D. Roosevelt
C. Woodrow Wilson
D. Herbert Hoover
Ｂ37. Martin Luther King, Jr., a young black clergyman, became a national leader of the _______ Movement.
A. Boycott
B. Civil Rights
C. Segregation
D. Integration
Ａ38. The cultivated land in the U.S. makes up _______ of the total land, and people who are engaged in farming make up only 2.7% of the total population.
A. 21%
B. 31%
C. 41%
D. 51%
Ｄ39. The Constitution of the United States provides that _______ shall be President of the Senate.
A. the Secretary of State
B. the Chief Justice
C. the President
D. the Vice President
Ｄ40. Of all the symbols, _______ , which are considered to represent fertility and new life: are those most frequently associated with Easter.
A. the pumpkin and the turkey
B. the lamb and the beef
C. the spring peas and the potatoes
D. the egg and the rabbit
Ｂ41. The history of the U.S. is generally agreed to have begun in _____.
A. 1620
B. 1607
C. 1776
D.1861
Ｄ42. The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except _____.
A. Maryland
B. South Carolina
C. Delaware
D. Colorado
Ｂ43. The colonial life can be described as the following except _____.
A. simple
B. easy
C. rough
D. hard
Ａ44. The First Continental Congress was held in _____ in September, 1774.
A. Philadelphia
B. Boston
C. New York
D. Washington D.C.
Ｂ45. The American War of Independence started in _____ and ended in _____.
A. 1776, 1784
B. 1775, 1783
C. 1706, 1714
D. 1760, 1784
Ａ46. The first ten amendments, known as _____, were added to the Constitution in 1791.
A. the Bill of Rights
B. the Articles
C. Civil Rights
D. the Great Charter
B47. Julius Caesar invaded Britain _____.
A. once
B. twice
C. three times
D. four times
D48. The Vikings who invaded England at the turn of the 8th century came from _____.
A. Norway
B. Denmark
C. France
D. both A and B
B49. Norman Conquest began in _____.
A. 1016
B. 1066
C. 1035
D. 1600
B50. The Anglo-French hostility which began in 1337 and ended in 1453 was known as _____.
A. the Wars of Roses
B. the Hundred Years? War
C. Peasant Uprising
D. the Civil War
C51. By the end of the Wars of the Roses the House of _____ began.
A. Tudor
B. Lancaster
C. Plantagenet
D. York
B52. In the Wars of the Roses the Lancastrians wire badges of _____ rose.
A. white
B. red
C. pink
D. yellow
B53. William Shakespeare is mainly a _____.
A. novelist
B. dramatist
C. poet
D. actor
B54. England first became a sea power in the time of _____.
A. Henry VII
B. Elizabeth I
C. Victoria
D. Henry VIII
A55. The greatest dramatist of the English Renaissance was _____.
A. Shakespeare
B. Milton
C. Chaucer
D. Bacon
B56. By the _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.
A. Declaratory Act
B. Treaty of Paris
C. Treaty of Montgomery
D. the Declaration of Independent
B57. The _____ part of America consists of high plateaus and mountains formed by the Great Cordillera Range.
A. eastern
B. western
C. Northeastern
D. Southern
C58. Among the five Great Lakes, only _____ is wholly within the United States.
A. Erie
B. Superior
C. Michigan
D. Ontario
C59. Hawaii is in the _____ Ocean.
A. Atlantic
B. Indian
C. Pacific
D. Arctic
C60. _____ is the largest state in area in the U.S.A.
A. Florida
B. Louisiana
C. Alaska
D. Hawaii
C61. The United States today is the _____ largest country in size in the world.
A. third
B. fifth
C. fourth
D. second
B62. The _____ were the original inhabitants in America.
A. blacks
B. Indians
C. Puerto Ricans
D. British
B 63. The ___ is used as a symbol of the whole nation and is described as the representative of the people.
A. Prime Minister
B. Crown
C. Parliament
D. Cabinet
A64. The House of Commons consists of ____ members who are elected from the ____ electoral districts.
A. 651, 651
B. 535, 535
C. 635, 635
D. 630,630
A65. The _____ _____ is the supreme administrative institution.
A. British government
B. British Parliament
C. Opposition
D. Privy Council
A66. The _____ is the core of leadership of the British government.
A. Cabinet
B. Privy Council
C. Crown
D. Parliament
A67. It is the _____ who organizes the Cabinet and presides over its meetings.
A. Prime Minister
B. Lord President
C. Speaker
D. Queen
B68. The Judicial Branch is headed by _____.
A. the Supreme Court
B. Congress
C. President
B69. The general election in America is held every _____ years.
A. 5
B. 4
C. 6
D. 3
A70. The symbol of the US Democratic Party is _____.
A. donkey
B. elephant
C. eagle
D. Horse
B71. _____ has the sole right to interpret the Constitution.
A. The Cabinet
B. The Supreme Court
C. President
D. Congress
B72. The symbol of the US Republic Party is _____.
A. tiger
B. elephant
C. donkey
D. eagle
B73. The US Federal Government is composed of the following except _____.
A. the legislative
B. the standing committee
C. the judicial
D. the executive
B74. The number of Congressmen from each state varies depending on _____.
A. the size of the area
B. the size of the population
C. the tradition
D. the wealth
B75. The law-making or the legislative body in the government is _____.
A. the Supreme Court
B. the Congress
C. the Cabinet
D. the president?s committee
C76. The members in the Senate must be at least _____ years old and those in the Representative _____ years old.
A. 40, 30
B. 30, 26
C. 30, 25
D. 25, 30
B77. The students of the universities in the second year are called ________.
A. junior
B. sophomore
C. freshman
D. senior
A78. An undergraduate student has to earn a certain number of______in order to receive a degree at the end of four years study.
A. credits
B.grades
C. scores
D. classes
C79. What is the national anthem of the United Kingdom?
A.Rule Britannia
B.Men of Harlech
C. God Save the King (Queen)
D.Swing Low Sweet Chariot
B80. Which Scottish lake is supposedly home to a mythical monster?
A. Lough Neagh
B. Loch Ness
C. Lake Windermere
D. Loch Lomond
D81. What is the capital city of Northern Ireland?
A. Edinburgh
B. Cardiff
C. London
D. Belfast
A82. Which language is sometimes used in Scotland?
A. Gaelic
B. Welsh
C. Cornish
D. Irish
B83. Which Roman Emperor built a wall to separate Britain?
A. Caesar
B. Hadrian
C. Nero
D. Augustus
A84. Which Anglo-Saxon kin g is considered Britain?s first national hero?
A. Alfred the Great
B. Henry the Eighth
C. William the Conqueror
D. Charles the Second
D85. Which of the following houses won the War of the Roses (1455-1485)?
A. The House of York
B. The House of Sussex
C. The House of Essex
D. The House of Lancaster
A86. Which of the following countries sent an …Armada? to attack Britain in 1588?
A. Spain
B. Portugal
C. Italy
D. Germany
C87. Which Queen ruled Britain from 1837 to 1901?
A. Mary
B. Elizabeth I
C. Victoria
D. Elizabeth II
D88. Which of the following British cities is one of the major financial centres of the world?
A. Manchester
B. Edinburgh
C. Cardiff
D. London
D89. Who is the commander-in-chief of the United States armed forces?
A. A Senator
B. The Vice President
C. A Supreme Court Justice
D. The President
C90. Which examinations do British students take at age 16?
A. SATs
B. ACTs
C. GCSEs
D. A-Levels
B91. What is the upper house of the British Parliament called?
A.The House of Representatives
B. The House of Lord
C. The Senate
D. Congress
D92. Which of the following foods is a traditional British meal?
A. Noodles
B. Snails
C. Tapas
D. Fish and Chips
C93. During which festival is it traditional to give and receive chocolate eggs?
A. Christmas
B. Remembrance Day
C. Easter
D. New Year?s Day
B94. Which of the following sports is traditionally played by British people?
A. Ice Hockey
B. Cricket
C. Lacrosse
D. Baseball
C95. Who wrote the original draft of the Declaration of Independence?
A. George Washington
B. George Bush
C. Thomas Jefferson
D. Abraham Lincoln
A96. During the American Civil War, what were the eleven southern slave states called?
A. The Confederate States of America
B. The United States of America
C. The Union
D. The Tea Party
B97. Which American President created an economic plan called the …New Deal??
A. Herbert Hoover
B. Franklin D. Roosevelt
C. Ronald Reagan
D. John F. Kennedy
D98. What is the oldest university in the United States?
A. Columbia University
B. Stanford University
C. Brown University
D. Harvard University
B99. Which of the following institutions is part of the Judicial Branch of the federal government?
A. The House of Representatives
B. The Supreme Court
C. The Senate
D. Congress
B100. How often are Presidential elections held?
A. Every 3 years
B. Every 4 year
C. Every 5 years
D. Every 6 years
II. Fill in the blanks:
1. Geographically speaking, the north and west of Britain are highlands, while the east and south-east are mostly lowlands.
2. Welsh is located in the west of Great Britain.
3. The ancestors of the English Anglo-Saxons, while the Scots, Welsh and Irish the Celts_.
4. In the mid-5th century, three Teutonic tribes Jutes_, Saxons_, and Angles_ invaded Britain. Among them, the Angles_ gave their name to English people.
5. The battle of Hastings__ witnessed the death of Harold in October, 106
6.
6. Under William, the feudal___ system in England was completely established.
7. The property record in William?s time is known as Domesday Book , which was compiled in 1086_.
8.The outstanding leader of the Civil Rights Movement was _Martin____ _Luther____ _King____.
9. _Black Death__ was the deadly bubonic plagu e, which reduced England?s population from four million to two___ million by the end of the 14th century.
10. America participated in the Second World War in the year _1941____.
11. James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in _the Divine Right of Kings_.
12. During the Civil War, the Cavaliers supported the king , while the Roundheads supported the parliament.
13. After the Civil War, Oliver Cromwell declared England a _Commonwealth_____, later, he became Lord protector ________.
14. In 1707, the Act of Union united England and Scotland.
15. The two parties originated with the Glorious Revolution were _Whigs____ and _Tories______. The former were the forerunners of the _liberal_____ Party, the latter were of the _conservative_____ party.
16.The dropping of the two atom bombs by America forced _Japan____ to surrender unconditionally.
17. After the Industrial Revolution, Britain became the “_workshop_____” of the world.
18. During the Second World War _Winston Churchill_______ led Britain to final victory in 1945.
19.The direct cause that the U.S. entered WWII was the Japanese sudden raid of the US?s naval base at _Pearl Harbour____.
20. Natural gas was discovered in 1965 and oil in 1970 under _the North Sea______.
21. The party which wins the second largest number of seats becomes the official _opposition_____, with its own leader and “_shadow_____ cabinet”.
22. The Prime Minister is appointed by _the Queen_____, and his/her official residence is _No. 10 Downing Street____.
23. There are two tiers of local government throughout England and Wales: _country councils____ and _district councils_____.
24. The ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the UK is _the House of Lords______.
25. The two established churches in Britain are _the Church of England___ and _the Church of Scotland____.
26. Education in the UK is compulsory for all between the ages of５(__４____ in Northen Ireland) and __１６___.
27. In the past children in Britain were allocated to different secondary schools on the basis of selection tests known as _eleven plus____, which was replaced by comprehensive schools_.
28. Education after 16 in the UK is divided into _ｈｉｇｈｅｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎ____ and _ｆｕｒｔｈｅｒｅｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ_____.
29. The most-known universities in Britain are _Ｏｘｆｏｒｄ____ and _Ｃａｍｂｒｉｄｇｅ____ which date from the _１２ｔｈ____ and _１３ｔｈ____ centuries.
30. In the Great Lakes, only _ＬａｋｅＭｉｃｈｉｇａｎ____ belongs to U.S. completely while the other four are shared with Canada.
31. _Ａｌａｓｋａ______ is separated from the main land by Canada.
32. The Rockies, the backbone of the North American Continent, is also known as _ｔｈｅｃｏｎｔｉｎｅｎｔａｌＤｉｖｉｄｅ____.
33. _Ｔｅｘａｓ____ is the largest continental state in area in the U.S.
34. New England is sometimes called the _ｂｉｒｔｈｐｌａｃｅ_____ of America.
35. The largest group of Asian-Americans are the _ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＡｍｅｒｉｃａｎｓ__
36. It was _Ｃｏｌｕｍｂｕｓ____ who first discovered the America in 1492.
37. The War of _Ｉｎｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｃｅ____ broke out in 1775 and ended in 1783.
38. The First World War broke out on July 28th in _１９１４____.
39. In 1620 some English Puritans sailed to Plymouth on a ship called _Ｍａｙｆｌｏｗｅｒ____.
40. On July 4th, 1776, the document called the Declaration of _Ｉｎｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｃｅ____ was accepted by the American Congress.
41. Lexington Fire was the _ｐｒｅｌｕｄｅ____ of the War of Independence.
42. In 1803 the United States purchased Louisiana from _Ｆｒａｎｃｅ____.
43. The Great Depression of 1929 - _１９３３____ shook the United States and the whole capitalist world to its foundation.
44. The _ｃｏｌｄ____ _ｗａｒ____ policy went into effect by the spring of 1947 when Truman Doctrine came forth.
45. By the end of _１９ｔｈ____ century, the U.S. had become the most powerful country in the world.
46. The first great tide from 1840 to 1860 in America was the _westward____ movement.
47. The famous novel “_Uncle Tom?s Cabin____” by Mrs. Stowe aroused a great and universal hatred for slavery.
48. In _1607____ the first group of English colonists came to America.
49. The _second____ World War was a destructive war and an anti-fascist war.
50. Along with the Normans came the _French____ language.
51. The Wars of the Roses broke out between the _the House of York__ and the __House of Lancaster__.
52. In the summer of 1588 the Spanish ships, the Spanish Armada was defeated by English ships.
53. During the Civil Wars (1642 – 1648) the supporters of Parliament were called Parliamentarians while the supporters of the King Charles I were called __ Royalists.
54. After Charles I was beheaded in 1649 England was declared a Commonwealth.
55. The U.K. is situated in the north-west coast of Europe.
56. The full title of the U.K. is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland .
57. The U.K. consists of England, Welsh, Scotland and Northern Ireland.
58. The capital of England and of Great Britain is London.
59. The most important river is the River of Thames .
60. The International festival of music and the arts is held every year in the city of Edinburgh .
61. The capital city of Wales is Cardiff .
62. The U.S. is bounded by Canada on the north and by Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico on the south.
63. To the west of America lies the Pacific Ocean.
64. To the east of America lies the Atlantic Ocean.
65. The Western part is made up of the highlands formed by the Appalachian Range.
66. The United States includes 50 states and a 1 district, the District of Columbia.
67. The five Great Lakes lie between the boundary of Canada and the United States.
68. The United States is situated in the South part of North America.
69. The British Parliament consists of three elements – the Sovereign, the House of Commons, and the House of Lords.
70. The House of Lords is also called the Upper House.
71. The Lords and the Commons share the same building of the Palace of Westerminster.
72. The Prime Minister works and lives in the famous residence, No. ten Downing Street.
73. The two major parties in Britain are the Labour Party and the Conservative Party.
74. The balance is always kept among the three branches of the power of the government and this is called the “System of check and balance”.
75. The official presidential residence is the White House.
76 The American Congress is made up of two houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives.
77. In the US the chief function of Congress is to make laws.
78. There are 100 members in the Senate.
79. The two main parties are the Democratic and the Republican Party.
80. Only the Supreme Court has the right to interpret the constitution.
81. Each of the fifty states of US elects 2 senators.
82. The Federal Constitution consists of 7 articles and 27 amendments.
83.The two oldest universities in Britain are Oxford and Cambridge.
84. There are three academic degrees in Britain. They are Bachelor?s, Master?s and Doctor?s degree.
85. Two-year college were called “community colleges”.
86. New England is located in the Northeast corner of the country.
87. The U.S. government is divided into three branches: the legislative, the executive and the judiciary.
88. The State of California now has surpassed New York as the most populous state.
89. In 1620, the Pilgrims sailed to the New World in a ship called Mayflower.
90. Between 1607 and 1733 the British established _13__ colonies along the east coast of North America.
91. The name of American Indian was given by ___Columbus____.
92. The federal system refers to the division of political power into federal government and state government
93. Thanksgiving Day is an holiday only celebrated in U.S. for people to express gratitude.
94. Four most popular sports in the U.S. are American football, basketball, baseball, and ice hockey.
95. Funs for education of the U.S. come from three levels: federal, state, and local.
96. The cold war is between the Soviet Union and the United States.
97. The first successful English settlement was in Jamestown.
98. The British national newspapers can be divided into quality newspaper and popular newspaper.
99. Walking under a ladder is considered to be bad luck.
100. Two important exams in the U.S. are SAT and ACT