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常用前缀后缀 (简洁版)

常用前缀后缀 (简洁版)
常用前缀后缀 (简洁版)

前缀及后缀

扩大英语词汇量是解决阅读理解问题的根本途径。虽然学习英语词汇很难说有什么万能的诀窍,但也不是完全无章可循。快速增加高考可阅读性词汇量的捷径就是运用构词法,尤其是运用英语构词法中的派生法。利用词根、词缀把孤立的、散乱的单词串联起来,不仅有利于了解单词的来龙去脉,加深对单词的理解和记忆,而且对阅读考试中的词义猜测有很大的帮助。本章将依托构词法知识,尽量收集高中英语常见的重点词汇。同学们认真学习例词并进行反馈训练,可更有效地记忆和运用高中英语重点词汇。

常用前缀

前缀(prefix)是添加到一个单词前面的那一部分,如untie, misunderstand中的un- 和mis-。英语中的每个前缀都有特定的意义,它不改变单词的词性,但是会改变单词的意义,所以记住英语中常用的前缀,可快速地扩大英语词汇量,尤其是阅读中可读性的词汇量。常见的前缀如下(以字母顺序):

常用后缀

后缀(suffix)是添加到一个单词后面的那一部分,如在单词kindness, quickly中的–ness和-ly。英语中的后缀(否定后缀除外)一般对单词本身的含义改变不大,但会改变词性。不同的词类有相对固定的后缀形式,比如,-ness属于名词后缀,而-less则属于形容词后缀。所以掌握后缀知识可帮助同学们记忆单词和转换不同的词性,从而提高单词使用的准确性和有效性。根据常

见的后缀的特点,我们把后缀分成四类:名词后缀、形容词后缀、动词后缀和副词后缀。

1.名词后缀

反馈训练2

一.给括号内的单词加上适当的后缀,并用其适当的形式填空。

1.Sydney wants to become a ___________ (law) in the future. (2009陕西单词拼写改编)

2.I went to consult with my __________ (account) before making the decision.

3. Coral is not a plant but a _______ (vary) of animal life.

4.The __________ (engine) have been accused of having an outlook (观点) which is too narrowly

technical.

5.To be effective in school systems, students, teachers, as well as __________ (library), require

training.

6.Mary’s Christmas cards were listed in the alphabetical order of the family names of the

__________ (receive).

7.Without mental focus, we may not pay enough __________ (attend) to new information coming

in, so it never makes it into our memory stores. (2010浙江阅读理解改编)

8.Because of his special experience, he was chosen to be an ____________ (assist) to the president

for energy affairs. (2010 全国单词拼写改编)

9.Many factors have influenced American pronunciation since the first __________ (settle) arrived

four hundred years ago. (外研教材)

10.But if you want to be a __________ (lead), you must learn to fail---and not die a thousand deaths.

(2005广东阅读理解改编)

11. There are 55_______ (minor) in our country.

12. At ________ (long) the bus arrived , forty minutes late.

13. Do you know anyone with a mental or physical________ (disable)?

14. The ________ (difficult) is how I’m going to understand it without a dictionary.

15. Water, food, and _________ (electric) were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.

16. The present situation is very complex, so I think it will take me some time to figure out its

________ (real). (2008湖北单项填空改编)

17. In order to avoid __________ (marry), she says that any potential husband must answer three riddles correctly or die.

18. Family experts warn that the new ___________ (equal) can also result in less respect for parents.(2008广东阅读理解改编)

19. There is a ___________ (possible) that it will be very cold tonight.

20. Footprints are one of the few pieces of hard evidence supporting the _______ (exist) of Yeti (雪人).

21. Make an _________ (arrange). Let’s meet at 6:30, outside the cinema.

22. Perhaps their ___________ (fail) is because of their low EQ.

23. Staying calm will greatly increase your chances of ________ (survive). (2006天津阅读理解改编)

24. In __________ (add) to his movie work, Redford is known as a champion of the environmental causes.

25. My parents were in a huge ______ (argue), and I was really upset about it. (2005 重庆阅读理解改编)

26. How do you deal with the _________ (disagree) between the company and the customers?

27. It is said that the early European playing–cards were designed for ________ (entertain) and education. (2006 辽宁单项填空改编)

28. There is no special _______ (require) for you to start your ______ (member).

29. Mum says I had better pass my exams, or she will sell the computer as ________ (punish).

30. The first thing you will read is a ________ (state) of what the argument is about.

31. It was their twenty-fifth ________ (wed) anniversary last week.

32. The survey found that men got greater _________ (satisfy) from caring for their families than from work.

33. I can say nothing--- the matter is still under _________ (discuss).

34. This law provides _______ (protect) for threatened animals and plants.

35. He gave up his _______ (occupy) as a farmer and became a teacher.

36. The English version is boring -----perhaps it has lost something in ________ (translate).

37. We have received ______ (inform) that Grant may have left the country.

38. I came with every _______ (intend) of staying, but now I’ve decided to leave.

39. Some butterflies mix their ________ (surround) so that it’s difficult to see them.

40. Once they decide which college to go to, students should reach the _________ (admit) procedures.二.根据所给汉语或所缺单词的首字母,写出单词的正确形式。

1. If you get 11 points, what kind of __________ (个性) do you have?

2. There was a s__________ of oxygen at the top of the mountain.

3. The __________ (大多数) of people in my neighborhood are Italian.

4.I had all my friends around me and the encouragement and g__________ from my family.

5. Of course for each item sold eBay get a ____________ (提成比例) and that is a great deal of money.

6. What struck me most was that many of them did not seem particularly happy about their newly found __________ (自由).(2008湖北听力改编)

7. Mr Bean, an internationally recognized comedy character on TV and films, amuses audiences regardless of their n__________ or culture.

8. Although it is impossible to choose the most important ___________ (发现), it is possible to single out a few pioneers of the 20th century.

9. There is an old proverb, “Love me, love my dog.’’But there is more ___________ (智慧) in this: “Love me, love my book.’’(2007湖南单项填空改编)

10. King Lear divided his __________ (王国) into three parts with the intention of leaving them to his three daughters.

11. Every few years, the coal workers have their lungs X-rayed to ensure their h__________. (2010上海单项填空改编)

12. Little did Rose care about her own s__________, though she was in great danger herself. (2009陕西单项填空改编)

13.He caught a high fever. His body t___________ was as high as 40℃. (2007浙江单词拼写改编)

14. He claims to have seen a round black ___________ (生物) moving quickly through the water. (外研社教材)

15. A commercial ____________ (广告) is one which someone has paid for to promote a product or service.

16. That infamous (无耻的) c___________ was finally sentenced to death.

17. She was the teacher who taught us English ___________ (文学).

18. We came up with several choices such as going boating, climbing a mountain, and going to an

a__________ park.

19. Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great h__________. (人教社教材)

20. Something as simple as drinking some cold water may clear your mind and relieve __________(压力).(2008上海单项填空改编)

21. Different cultures emphasize the importance of __________ (关系) building to a greater or lesser degree.

22. I think we should be cautious and use good j__________ when making decisions.

23. Her tennis is much better since she has a new i__________.

24. The d__________ drew out the bad tooth from the patient’s mouth.

25. The concert features dancers, singers and m__________ of all nationalities.

26. That beach is very popular with t__________ because it is long and sandy.

27. The orchestra were all in position, waiting for the c__________.

28. Confucius was not only a great e__________ but also a well-known thinker.

29.Out of __________ (好奇) , Broad spent hours at the local archives(档案馆)in a fruitless search for information on McKay.(2009 湖南阅读改编)

30. The youngest sister, Anne, was also a gifted n__________, and her books have the same extraordinary quality as her sisters’.

名词反馈训练2答案

一.lawyer 2. accountant 3. variation 4. Engineers 5. librarians 6. receivers 7. attention 8. assistant 9. settlers 10. leader 11. minorities 12. length 13. disability 14. difficulty 15. electricity 16. reality 17. marriage 18. equality 19. possibility 20. existence 21. arrangement 22. failure 23. survival 24. addition 25. argument 26. disagreement 27. entertainment 28. requirement, membership 29.punishment 30. statement 31. wedding 32. satisfaction 33. discussion 34. protection 35. occupation 36. translation 37. information 38. intention 39. surroundings 40. admission

二.1. personality 2. shortage 3. majority 4. guidance 5. percentage 6. freedom 7. nationality 8.discovery 9. wisdom 10. kingdom 11. health 12. safety 13. temperature 14. creature 15. advertisement 16. criminal 17. literature 18. amusement 19. hardship 20. pressure 21 relationship 22. judgment 23. instructor 24. dentist 25. musicians 26.

tourists 27. conductor https://www.doczj.com/doc/fb15425791.html,cator 29. curiosity 30. novelist

2.形容词后缀

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自《奇速英语.高中英语实用语法(词汇+词类编)》;主编:马智慧/蔡章兵/朱文英;出版:吉林出版集团,

常见前缀与后缀 英语 附加习题及答案

常见前缀与后缀1. 常见前缀

2. 名词后缀 3 . 形容词后缀

4. 动词后缀 5. 副词后缀 -ly是最常见的副词后缀, 可以附加在形容词后,构成与原形容词意义相同的副词。如:slowly 缓慢地happily高兴地truly 真实地wholly 全部地simply 纯粹地

练习 1. 动词、介词、冠词、物主代词等词后一般接名词或动名词, 如果所给单词是其它词类, 就要将其改为名词, 并注意名词数的变化。 (1)Do you know the ______ (deep) of the river? (2)His _____ (careful) resulted in the terrible accident (3)He is one of the ______ (science) who support this theory. 答案:(1) depth (2) carelessness (3) scientists 2. 动词、介词后一般接名词或动名词, 如果所给单词为动词,就要看该动词是否有名词形式,如果有名词形式,就用其名词形式;如果该动词没有名词形式,就用其动名词。如: (1)Please pay ________ (attend) to your handwriting. (2) His _______ (arrive) made the situation worse. (3)The teacher was angry at my _________ (come) late. 答案:(1) attention (2) arrival (3) coming 3. 动词前后、形容词前后可有副词。如果所需词为副词时, 还要考虑副词级的变化。如: (1)The boy ran ______ (quick) to school. (2)“What’s that?”Father shouted ______ (angry). (3)The little girl is ______(extreme)eager to know the result of the exam。 (4). He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow”______ (height). 答案:(1) quickly (2) angrily (3) extremely (4) higher 4. 在名词前作定语,在系动词后做表语,以及作主语或宾语的补足语时,通常要用形容词如果所需词为形容词时, 还要考虑形容词级的变化。 (1) What’s the ________ (width) river in the world? (2) The _______ (strength) we become, the more modest we should be. 答案:(1) widest (2) stronger 5即时训练 单句填空:用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Mary was very ______ at the news, so she looked ______ at her husband, her eyes full of ______ (sad). 2. He ________football very well and he was one of the best ______ in yesterday’s football match. (play) 3. Look! How ________ Kate is laughing! She seems to be the ______ girl in the world (happy). 4. To our ______, the headmaster was very ______ with our report. (satisfy) 5. Edison was a great ________. During his life he had many ______. (invent) 6. I should ________ my task and make it ________ to finish it. (simple) 7. The boy having the ________ of being half starved ________, never to be seen again. (appear) 8. The police _____ the pot and ______ a plot against the President. (cover) 9. You are so _______ to help me. Thank you for your ________. (kindly)

(完整版)常用前缀后缀

常用前缀后缀 一.表示否定的前缀 1.dis-加在名词、形容词,动词之前。 disadvantage(缺点)dishonorable(不光彩的)disagree(不同意) 2.in-加在形容词,名词之前 incorrect(不正确的),inability(无能,无力),inaccurate(不准确的) 3.im-加在字母m,b,p之前 impossible(不顺能的),impolite(不礼貌的),impudence(厚颜无耻) 4.il-加在以1开头的词前 illegal(非法的),illiterate(文盲的,无文化的)illogical(不合逻辑的) 5.ir-加在以r开头的词前 irregular(不稳定的),irresistable(不可抵抗的),irresolvable(不能分解的,不能解决的) 6.un-加在名词,形容词,副词之前 unfinished(未完成的)undoubted(无疑的)unemployment(失业) 7.non-加在形容词,名词前 non-existence(不存在),non-essential(不主要的),non-electrical(非电的) 8.mis-加在动词、名词之前 misunderstand(误解),misjudge(误判),misleading(误导),misfortune(不幸) 9.de-加在名词,形容词之前 demobilize(遣散;使…复员) decolor (脱色, 漂白) 10.anti-加在名词、形容词之前 anti-Japanese(抗日战争),anti-social(厌恶社会的,反社会的),antidite(解毒药) 11.counter-加在名词、动词前 counterattack(反攻,反击),counteract(抵抗,阻碍)counterrevolution(反革命) 二.表示“前before”的前缀 1.pre- preconception(成见),pre-exsiting(先于……而存在的),pre-selection(选举前的) preface(前言) 2.ante- anteroom(前室,接待室),antecessor(先行者,先驱者) 3.fore- forehaed(前额),foreground(前景),foreman(工头,领班),foresee(预见,先见),foretell(预言) 4.pro- programme(计划),prologue(序幕) 5.ex- ex-president(前任总统)ex-wife(前妻) 三.表示“后-post”的前缀 1.post- post-war(战后),post-position(后置词),postmeridian(下午) 四.表示“低”、“下”的前缀 1.hypo- hypocrisy(伪善,虚伪),hypothesis(假设),pypocholoride(次氯酸盐) 2.Infra- infra-red(红外线),infrahuman(低于人类的),infrasonic(亚声的,次声的) 3.sub- sub-editou(副编辑),sub-way(地铁),sub-conscious(下意识的),submarine(海下的),subtropical(亚热带的),subtitle(副标题)

最常见的前缀和后缀

英语中的派生词的构成主要有三种:合成(由两个或两个以上的单词合成的单词);派生(指一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成的单词);转化(一种词性转化成另一种或几种词性的单词)。本文重点通过对前缀和后缀的剖析解读派生词的意义和特点。 先看下表: 一、前缀 1. dis- 表示意义相反,主要用在动词之前,间或用于名词或形容词前。如: appear (v.出现) → disappear (v.消失), 再如: dislike不喜欢 discover 发现 disobey不遵从 disbelieve 不相信 dishonest(adj.)不诚实的 disadvantage (n.) 不利条件,缺点 2. in-, im-, un-, il-, ir-用在形容词前,表示否定意义。如: indirect 间接的 incorrect 不正确的 inactive 不活动的

impossible 不可能的 unable 不能的 unhealthy 不健康的 unsuccessful 不成功的 uncommon不普通的 unpleasant令人不快的 unfortunate不幸的 irregular不规则的 illegal非法的 invisible看不见的 3. re- 表示“重新,再”,用在动词前。如: rebuild 重新建造 recycle 再循环 reconsider 重新考虑 review 复习二、后缀 I.形容词后缀 1. -able (n./v.→adj.)表示“可以……的;显示……性质”。如:respectable 可敬的 eatable 可吃的 comfortable 舒服的 valuable 有价值的 fashionable 时髦的 loveable 可爱的 2. -ful (n./v.→adj.) 表示“充满……的”。如: beautiful 漂亮的 successful 成功的 wonderful 精彩的 mouthful 满嘴的 shameful 可耻的 hopeful 充满希望的 3. -less (n.→adj.) 表示“没有……的”。如: jobless 无业的 cordless 无线的 homeless 无家可归的 helpless 无助的 4. -ous (n.→adj.)表示“具有……性质的”。如: nervous 紧张的 famous 著名的 dangerous 危险的 poisonous 有毒的 mountainous 山区的 humorous 幽默的

英语常见前缀后缀68189

英语常见前缀后缀 68189 -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1

前缀 1 a- 加在单词或词根前面, 表示不,无,非 2 a- 加在单词前, 表示在... ..的 3 ab-, abs- 加在词根前,表示离去,相反,变坏等 4 ab-, ac-, ad-, af-, ag-, an-, ap-, ar-, as-, at- 等加在同辅音字母词根前,表示一再等加强意 5 ad- 加在单词或词根前, 表示做....., 加强...... 6 amphi- 表示两个、两种 7 an- 在词根前, 表示不,无 8 ana- 表示错误,在旁边,分开 9 ante- 表示前面,先 10 anti- 表示反对,相反 11 apo- 表示离开,远离 12 auto- 表示自动、自已 13 be- 构成动词,表示使......成为 14 be- 构成一些介词 15 bene- 表示善, 好 16 bi- 表示二个, 两 17 by- 表示在旁边,副的 18 cata- 表示向下,相反,离开 19 circum- 表示环绕,周围 20 co- 表示共同,通常放元音词根前 21 col-, cor- 在同辅音词根前, 表示共同 22 com-, con- 表示共同 23 contra - 表示反对,相反 24 counter - 表示反对,相反 25 de- 表示去掉,变坏,离开,变慢,向下等 26 de- 表示使....成为,加强等 27 deca- 表示十 28 deci- 表示十分之一 29 demi- 表示半 30 di- 表示二个,双 31 di- 表示使...变成,分开,离开

构词法-常用英语前缀后缀大全

学点构词法(对扩大词汇量很有帮助喔^^加油) 一. 常见的前缀 1.表示否定意义的前缀 1)纯否定前缀 a-, an-, asymmetry(不对称)anhydrous(无水的) dis-, dishonest, dislike in-, ig-, il-, im-, ir-, incapable(无能力的、不胜任的), inability(无能), ignoble(平民的、卑贱的), impossible, immoral(不道德的), illegal(非法的、非法移民), irregular(不规则的、不合法的) ne-, n-, none, neither, never non-, nonsense neg-, neglect(忽略) un- unable, unemployment(失业) 2)表示错误的意义 male-, mal-, malfunction(故障、发生故障的), maladjustment(失调) mis-, mistake, mislead(误导) pseudo-, pseudonym(假名), pseudoscience(伪科学) 3)表示反动作的意思 de-, defend(防护、防守、辩护), demodulation(解调) dis-, disarm(裁军、解除武装、缓和), disconnect(使分开,拆开) un-, unload, uncover 4)表示相反,相互对立意思 anti-, ant-, antiknock(防震), antiforeign,(排外的) contra-, contre-, contro-, contradiction(矛盾、不一致), contraflow(逆流) counter-, counterreaction(逆反应), counterbalance(平衡、使抵消) ob-, oc-, of-, op-, object, oppose, occupy with-, withdraw(撤回、撤退), withstand(对抗) 2. 表示空间位置,方向关系的前缀 1)a- 表示“在……之上”,“向……” aboard, aside, 2)by- 表示“附近,邻近,边侧” Bypath(侧道), bypass(弯路) 3)circum-, circu-, 表示“周围,环绕,回转” Circumstance(环境), circuit(巡回、绕路) 4)de-, 表示“在下,向下” Descend(下降、突然拜访), degrade(降格,使屈辱) 5)en-, 表示“在内,进入” Encage(把……关起来) 6)ex-, ec-, es-, 表示“外部,外” Exit(出口、离去), eclipse(使……黯然失色), expand(扩张), export(出口) 7)extra-, 表示“额外”

常用的前缀和后缀

一、常用的前缀和后缀 1、常用前缀 aero-:concerning the air of aircraft plane—aeroplane space—aerospace anti-:against;opposite of nuclear—antinuclear matter—antimatter war—antiwar auto-:of or by oneself biography—autobiography criticism—autocriticism be-:to treat as the stated thing friend—befriend little—belittle bi-:two;twice;double lingual—bilingual cycle—bicycle bio-:concerning living things chemistry—biochemistry sphere—biosphere by-,bye-:less important produce—by-produce way—byway centi-:hundredth part grade—centigrade meter—centimeter co-:together,with author—coauthor exist—coexist col-:( used before l ) together,with location—collocation com-:( used before b,m,p ) together,with

passion—compassion con-:together,with centric—concentric federation—confederation contra-:opposite diction—contradiction natural—contranatural cor-:( used before r ) together,with relate—correlate respond—correspond counter-:opposite act—counteract attack—counterattack cross-:across;going between the stated things and joining them country—crosscountry breed—crossbreed de-:showing an opposite;to remove;to reduce code—decode value—devalue dis-:not;the opposite of advantage—disadvantage agree—disagree honest—dishonest em-:( used before b,m,p ) to cause to become body—embody power—empower en-:to cause to become;to make danger—endanger large—enlarge ex-:former ( and still living ) minister—ex-minister wife—ex-wife

英语中常用的前缀和后缀

英语中常用的前缀和后缀 aero:concerning the air or aircraft plane(飞机)—aeroplane(飞机) space(空间, 间隔)—aerospace(航空宇宙) anti: against;opposite of nuclear([核]核子的)—antinuclear(反对使用核武器的) matter(物质)—antimatter(反物质) war(战争、作战、打仗)—antiwar(反战的, 反对战争的) auto: of or by oneself biography(传记)—autobiography(自传) criticism(批评, 批判)—autocriticism(自我反省, 自我检讨) be:to treat as the stated thing friend(朋友, 助手)—befriend(待人如友, 帮助) little(很少的, 矮小的,很少)—belittle(轻视, 使渺小, 使...显得渺小)bi: two;twice;double lingual(语言的)—bilingual(能说两种语言的) cycle(自行车)—bicycle(脚踏车, 自行车) bio:concerning living things chemistry(化学)—biochemistry(生物化学) sphere(圈子)—biosphere(生物圈) by—:less important product(产品, 产物,)—by-product(副产品, 附加产物) way(路,道路)—byway(小道) centi: hundredth part grade(等级)—centigrade(分为百度的, 百分度的, 摄氏温度的)meter(米)—centimeter(厘米) co: together, with author(作家, 创造者)—coauthor(合著者, 共同执笔者,合著)exist(存在, 生存)—coexist(共存) col:(used before l) together, with location(位置, 场所)—collocation(排列, 配置) com:(used before b, m, p)together, with passion(激情, 热情)—compassion(同情,怜悯)

常见的前后缀

常见得前缀 一、表示否定意义得前缀 un-不做相反动作dis-不做相反动作in- 不 im-不ir-不il- 不non- 不,非 【猜一猜】①unhappy ②untrue ③undress④undo⑤disagree(ment)⑥disown ⑦disinect ⑧non-existent⑨non-conductor 【key】①不高兴②不真实③暴露,使卸去装饰④解开,松开⑤不一致,不适合(争执,争论) ⑥否认⑦消毒⑧不存在得⑨绝缘体 二、表示前,先前意义得前缀 husband ex—husband(前夫) see oresee(预知,预见) history prehistory(史前时期) claim proclaim(宣告,宣布) 瞧完这单词得对比大家一定知道这一组前缀主要就是表示前,先前,预先 前缀ex-,汉语意思就是“先前",它主要就是与表示“人”得名词搭配、 例如:ex—minister-ormerminister(前任大使) 前缀ore-,汉语意思就是“先前得”、“在前面得”,它可以加在某些动词与名词前面。例如:oretell预言前缀pre—,汉语意思就是“在……前”,它主要就是加在名词前面,也与少量得形容词、动词搭配、 前缀pro—,汉语意思就是“向前,在前,预先”,可以与名词、动词、形容词搭配。 例如:propelling(向前推进得) 【猜一猜】①ex-president ②orecast ③orecourt④orehead ⑤oreground⑥preadult ⑦preannounce ⑧precook ⑨preace 【key】①前任总统②预见,预测③前院,(篮球)前(场)球④前额,(任何事物得)前部⑤前景,最显著得位置⑥成年前得⑦预告,事先宣告⑧预煮,预先烹调(食物)⑨前言 三、表示错误得,不良意义得前缀 spell misspell拼错 treat maltreat虐待,滥用 根据前面单词得比较我们能得出 mis—错误地mal-不良得 【猜一猜】①misinorm ②malunction 【key】①告诉错误得消息②故障 四、表示空间位置、方向关系得前缀 请大家熟记下面得顺口溜里in(im,inter, intro)外out。上over(super,up)下sub(under)、前pro(pre)后po st。还有中间就是medi(med,mid)、 前缀意义例词 in—,im-表示“向内,在内,背于”inside里面;import进口 inter-,intel—表示“在……间,相互”international国际得;internet互联网 intro-表示“向内,在内,内侧”introduce介绍 en—表示“在内,进入”encage 关在笼中,把…关起来 out—表示“在上面,在外部,在外”outline 大纲,轮廓,略图;outside外面 ex-,ec—,es-表示“外部,外”exit,出口;expand 扩张,张开,发展 extra- 表示“额外”extraction提取 up—表示“向上,向上面,在上”upward在上面地,向上地;uphold 支持,

最常见的前缀和后缀

1 / 5 英语中的派生词的构成主要有三种: 合成(由两个或两个以上的单词合成的单词);派生(指一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成的单词);转化(一种词性转化成另一种或几种词性的单词)。本文重点通过对前缀和后缀的剖析解读派生词的意义和特点。 先看下表: 词缀 特点 类别前缀通常不改 变词性词义词类 agree (v.)→ disagree(v.) 同意→不同意 health (n.)→ healthy (adj.) 健康→健康的 care (n.)→ careless (adj.) 小心→粗心的 意义改变后缀一般改变 2 / 5 词性词义改变不 大, 但否定意义后

缀除外 一、前缀 1. dis-表示意义相反,主要用在动词之前,间或用于名词或形容词前。如: appear (v.出现) →disappear (v.消失), 再如: dislike不喜欢discover发现disobey不遵从disbelieve不相信dishonest(adj.)不诚实的disadvantage (n.)不利条件,缺点2. in-, im-, un-, il-, ir-用在形容词前,表示否定意义。如:indirect间接的incorrect不正确的inactive不活动的impossible不可能的unable不能的unhealthy不健康的unfortunate不幸的irregular不规则的illegal非法的 invisible看不见的 3. re-表示“重新,再”,用在动词前。如: rebuild重新建造recycle再循环reconsider重新考虑review复习二、后缀 I.形容词后缀 1. -able (n./v.→adj.)表示“可以??的;显示??性质”。如:valuable有价值的fashionable时髦的loveable可爱的 3 / 5 2. -ful (n./v.→adj.) 表示“充满??的”。如: beautiful漂亮的successful成功的wonderful精彩的 mouthful满嘴的shameful可耻的hopeful充满希望的

常用前缀和后缀

专升本常用前缀和后缀 1.常用前缀 aero:concerning the air or aircraft plane(飞机)—aeroplane(飞机) space(空间, 间隔)—aerospace(航空宇宙) anti: against;opposite of nuclear([核]核子的)—antinuclear(反对使用核武器的) matter(物质)—antimatter(反物质) war(战争、作战、打仗)—antiwar(反战的, 反对战争的) auto: of or by oneself biography(传记)—autobiography(自传) criticism(批评, 批判)—autocriticism(自我反省, 自我检讨) be:to treat as the stated thing friend(朋友, 助手)—befriend(待人如友, 帮助) little(很少的, 矮小的,很少)—belittle(轻视, 使渺小, 使...显得渺小)bi: two;twice;double lingual(语言的)—bilingual(能说两种语言的) cycle(自行车)—bicycle(脚踏车, 自行车) bio:concerning living things chemistry(化学)—biochemistry(生物化学) sphere(圈子)—biosphere(生物圈) by—:less important product(产品, 产物,)—by-product(副产品, 附加产物) way(路,道路)—byway(小道) centi: hundredth part grade(等级)—centigrade(分为百度的, 百分度的, 摄氏温度的) meter(米)—centimeter(厘米) co: together, with author(作家, 创造者)—coauthor(合著者, 共同执笔者,合著) exist(存在, 生存)—coexist(共存) col used before l) together, with location(位置, 场所)—collocation(排列, 配置) com used before b, m, p)together, with passion(激情, 热情)—compassion(同情,怜悯) con:together, with centric(中心的, 中央的)—concentric(同中心的) federation(同盟, 联邦, 联合, 联盟)—confederation(联邦) contra pposite diction(措辞, 用语, 言语)—contradiction(反驳, 矛盾)

常见前缀和后缀

考研英语常见前缀和后缀 掌握一些英语构词法,对单词的记忆和理解有很大的帮助,下面列举一些常用的词缀和词根。 一. 常见的前缀 1.表示否定意义的前缀 1)纯否定前缀 a-, an-: asymmetry(不对称)anhydrous(无水的) dis- : dishonest, dislike in-, ig-, il, im, ir : incapable, inability, ignoble(卑鄙的) impossible, immoral, illegal, irregular(不规则的) ne-, n-: none, neither, never

non-: nonsense neg-: neglect un- unable: unemployment 2)表示错误的意义 male-, mal-: malfunctio(故障)maladjustment(失调) mis-: mistake, mislead pseudo-:假的, pseudonym(假名) pseudoscience(伪科学) 3)表示反动作的意思 de-: defend(辩护)demodulation(解调) dis-: disarm, disconnect un-: unload(卸), uncover(揭露)4)表示相反,相互对立意思

anti-, ant-: antiknock( 防震), antiforeign,(排外的) contra-, contre-, contro-: contradiction, controflow(逆流) counter-: counterreaction(逆反应)counterbalance(平衡力,抵消) ob-, oc-, of-, op-: object, oppose, occupy with-: withdraw(撤退,收回)withstand(抵挡,反抗) 2. 表示空间位置,方向关系的前缀1)a- 表示“在……之上”,“向……”aboard, 在……之上(飞机,船,火车) aside离开,旁边,在……旁边

常见英语前后缀汇总

常见英语前缀 a-/an-==no;without;lack,amateur不熟练的,业余的,anonymous匿名的,asocial不好社交的,anechoic消声的,anharmonic不和谐的,anarchism无政府主义,acentric无中心的,amoral非道德性的,asexual无性别的 a-==in;on;at;by;with;to,asleep在熟睡中,ahead向前,在前头,abreast肩并肩地,aside在一边,abed 在床上,abloom开花 a-/an-==加强意义,aloud高声地,aright正确地,awake唤醒,aweary疲倦的,annotate注释,announce宣布,通告 ab-==from;awayfrom,abnormal不正常的,abroad国外的,abuse滥用,absorb吸去,abaxial离开轴心的,abend异常终止 ac-==at;to,或表示加强意义,accustom使习惯,account计算,算帐,accredit信任,accompany陪伴,acclaim欢呼,喝彩,accomplish完成 ad-==to;toward;forward,advice建议,advocate倡导,adjoin临近adjust调整,admixture混杂,adventure冒险 af-==at;to,或表示加强意义,affright震惊,恐惧,affix附加,贴上,affirm肯定,确实 ag-==at;to,或表示加强意义,aggrandize增大,aggravate加重,aggrieve使悲痛 amphi-==两、双,amphicar水陆两用车,amphibian水陆两栖的,amphitheatre两边都可观看的剧场,圆形剧场 ante-==before,antecedent先前的,先行的,antetype先型,原型,anteport前港,外港,anteroom 前室,接待室,antedate比实际早的日期,antestomach前胃 anti-==against,antipathy反感,antifreeze防冻,antiwar反战的,anti-imperlialist反帝的,antiageing 防衰老的,antitank反坦克 ap-==加强或引伸意义,appoint指定,任命,appraise评价,appease平息,绥靖 ap-/apo-==离开,apogee远地点(远离地球之处),apostasy脱党,叛教,aphelion(天文)远日点 ar-==at;to,或表示加强及引伸意义,arrange安排,布置,arrect直立的,arrear在后,拖延 arch-==1)big;chief.2)ancient,archbishop大主教,archaeology考古学,archaic古体的,古风的as==to;forward,assign派出,assent同意,assort分类,assimilate同化,吸收,assure使确信,担保,associate联合,结合 at-==at;to,或表示加强及引伸意义,attrap使入陷阱,attest证明,attract吸引 auto-==self;personally,automation自动化,autograph亲笔,autoalarm自动报警器,autocriticism自我批评,autorotation自动旋转,autobiography自传 be-==makeorcausetobe,befog使迷糊,befit适宜,belittle贬低,befriend以朋友相待,becalm使镇静,befool欺骗,愚弄 be-==加以...,饰以...,用...(做某事),bepowder在...上撒粉,bejewel饰以珠宝,becloud遮蔽 be-==在,beside在...旁,below在...下面,before在...之前 be-==加强及引伸意义,befall降临,发生,bespatter溅污,belaud大加赞扬 bene-==well;good,benign和善的,benevolent乐善好施的,benefit好处,benediction祝福,benefaction恩惠,善行,beneficent行善的 bi-==two,bicycle自行车,bilateral双方,bimonthly双月刊,biweekly双周刊,bicolor两色的,bilingual两种语言的 by-==旁、侧、非正式、副,byroad小路,僻径,bywork业余工作,byname别名,绰号 circu-==around,circulate流通,circumnavigate环球航行,circumspect考虑周到的,circumplanetary 环绕行星的,circumpolar在两极周围的,circumaviate环球飞行

英语常见前缀后缀

英语单词中常见前缀(prefix)和后缀(suffix)大总结 ★1.表示否定意义的前缀 1) 纯否定前缀 a-, an-, asymmetry(不对称), asexual, amoral dis- dishonest, dislike in-, ig-, il-, im-, ir-, incapable, inability, ignoble, impossible, immoral, illegal, irregular ne-, n-, none, neither, never non-, nonsense neg-, neglect un- unable, unemployment 2)表示错误的意义 male-, mal- malfunction, maladjustment(失调,不适应) mis- mistake, mislead, misunderstanding pseudo- pseudonym(假名), pseudoscience 3)表示相反动作的意思 de- defend , decompose dis- disarm, disconnect un-, unload, uncover 4)表示相反,相互对立意思

anti-, ant- antiknock( 防震), antiforeign,(排外的) contra-, contre-, contro-, contradiction counter-, counterreaction, counterbalance ob-, oc-, of-, op- object, oppose, occupy with- withdraw, withstand ★2. 表示空间位置,方向关系的前缀 1)a- 表示“在……之上”,“向……” aboard, aside, 2)by- 表示“附近,邻近,边侧” bypath, bypass(弯路) 3)circum-, circu-, 表示“周围,环绕,回转” circumstance, circus 4)de-, 表示“在下,向下” descend, degrade 5)en-, 表示“在,进入” encage, encamp 6)ex-, ec-, es-, 表示“外部,外” exit, expand, export 7)extra-, 表示“额外” extraction (提取) 8)fore- 表示“在前面” forehead, foreground

常用的前缀和后缀

常用的前缀和后缀1.常用前缀 aero :concerning the air or aircraft plane(飞机)—aeroplane(飞机) space(空间, 间隔)—aerospace(航空宇宙)anti : against;opposite of nuclear([核]核子的)—antinuclear(反对使用核武器的) matter(物质)—antimatter(反物质) war(战争、作战、打仗)—antiwar(反战的, 反对战争的) auto : of or by oneself biography(传记)—autobiography(自传) criticism(批评, 批判)—autocriticism(自我反省, 自我检讨) be :to treat as the stated thing friend(朋友, 助手)—befriend(待人如友, 帮助) little(很少的, 矮小的,很少)—belittle(轻视, 使渺小, 使...显得渺小) bi : two;twice;double lingual(语言的)—bilingual(能说两种语言的)cycle(自行车)—bicycle(脚踏车, 自行车)bio :concerning living things chemistry(化学)—biochemistry(生物化学)sphere(圈子)—biosphere(生物圈) by—:less important product(产品, 产物,)—by-product(副产品, 附加产物) way(路,道路)—byway(小道) centi : hundredth part grade(等级)—centigrade(分为百度的, 百分度的, 摄氏温度的) meter(米)—centimeter(厘米) co : together, with author(作家, 创造者)—coauthor(合著者, 共同执笔者,合著) exist(存在, 生存)—coexist(共存) col :(used before l) together, with location(位置, 场所)—collocation(排列, 配置) com :(used before b, m, p)together, with passion(激情, 热情)—compassion(同情,怜悯) con :together, with centric(中心的, 中央的)—concentric(同中心的) federation(同盟, 联邦, 联合, 联盟)—confederation(联邦) contra :opposite diction(措辞, 用语, 言语)—contradiction(反驳, 矛盾) natural(自然的, 自然界的)—contranatural(违背自然的) cor :(used before r) together, with relate(叙述, 讲, 使联系, 发生关系)—correlate(使相互关联,和...相关) respond(回答, 响应, 作出反应,有反应)—correspond(符合, 协调, 通信, 相当, 相应)counter :opposite act(担当,表现, 见效)—counteract(抵消, 中和, 阻碍) attack(攻击)—counterattck(反引力) cross :across;going between the stated things and joining them country(乡下的, 乡村的, [方]祖国的, 故乡的)—cross country(越野的, 横过田野的)breed((使)繁殖, 教养, 抚养,品种, 种类)—crossbreed([生物]杂种,异种交配, 培育杂种, (使)杂交) de :showing an opposite; to remove; to reduce code(代码, 密码)—decode(解码, 译解) value(评价, 重视)—devalue((=devaluate)减值, 贬值) dis :not; the opposite of advantage(优势, 有利条件)—disadvantage(不利, 不利条件, 缺点, 劣势) agree(同意)—disagree(不一致, 不适宜) honest(诚实的, 正直的)—dishonest(不诚实的) em :(used before b,m, p) to cause to become

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